WO2014050890A1 - 重合性組成物および樹脂成形体の製造方法 - Google Patents
重合性組成物および樹脂成形体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014050890A1 WO2014050890A1 PCT/JP2013/075914 JP2013075914W WO2014050890A1 WO 2014050890 A1 WO2014050890 A1 WO 2014050890A1 JP 2013075914 W JP2013075914 W JP 2013075914W WO 2014050890 A1 WO2014050890 A1 WO 2014050890A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F132/00—Homopolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
- C08F132/08—Homopolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having condensed rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
- C08G61/04—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms
- C08G61/06—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds
- C08G61/08—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds of carbocyclic compounds containing one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L65/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D165/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/33—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating non-aromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/332—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating non-aromatic structural elements in the main chain containing only carbon atoms
- C08G2261/3324—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating non-aromatic structural elements in the main chain containing only carbon atoms derived from norbornene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/40—Polymerisation processes
- C08G2261/41—Organometallic coupling reactions
- C08G2261/418—Ring opening metathesis polymerisation [ROMP]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/50—Physical properties
- C08G2261/59—Stability
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymerizable composition that enables industrial production of a fine resin molded article having excellent storage stability and excellent quality stability, and a method for producing a resin molded article using the polymerizable composition About.
- the norbornene polymer obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer containing a norbornene monomer in the presence of a metathesis polymerization catalyst is excellent in electrical characteristics, mechanical characteristics, impact resistance characteristics, heat resistance, weather resistance, etc. Practical use is progressing for compacts in a wide range of fields.
- Such a norbornene-based polymer is produced by, for example, injecting a reaction liquid containing a polymerizable monomer containing a norbornene-based monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst into a mold by a reaction injection molding method and performing bulk polymerization. Manufactured by.
- the norbornene-based monomer has high reactivity with the metathesis polymerization catalyst. Therefore, when these are mixed in advance, the polymerization reaction proceeds and a problem that a good molded product cannot be obtained occurs. Therefore, in order to avoid such problems, when obtaining a norbornene polymer by a reaction injection molding method or the like, a monomer liquid containing a norbornene monomer and a catalyst liquid containing a metathesis polymerization catalyst are separately prepared. It was necessary to go through a step of preparing and preparing a separately prepared monomer solution and catalyst solution to be instantaneously mixed with a collision mixing device or the like immediately before being injected into a molding die.
- the monomer liquid and the catalyst liquid are mixed immediately before being injected into the molding die, so that a relatively large molded body is manufactured.
- a minute molded body for example, a molded body having a weight of less than 100 g.
- Patent Document 1 in order to improve polymerization stability, when a mixture containing a norbornene monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst is polymerized, a retarder or the like is added to reduce the gel time of the mixture to 15%.
- a polymerization method in which the time is set to a second or more is disclosed.
- the gel time in Patent Document 1 refers to the time from the addition of the metathesis polymerization catalyst to the monomer liquid containing the norbornene monomer until the norbornene monomer reacts and gels due to the action of the metathesis polymerization catalyst. It means the so-called gelation time.
- Patent Document 1 can increase the time required for the norbornene-based monomer to react and gel, but to a certain extent, a fine resin molded body (for example, weight) However, it is still insufficient to suppress the raw material loss while ensuring sufficient mixing of the monomer liquid and the catalyst liquid in the industrial production of the resin molded body having a weight of less than 100 g). Proved to be very difficult.
- the present invention relates to a polymerizable composition that enables industrial production of a fine resin molded article (for example, a resin molded article having a weight of less than 100 g) having excellent storage stability and excellent quality stability, and the polymerization It aims at providing the manufacturing method of the resin molding using an adhesive composition.
- the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by a polymerizable composition obtained by cooling and solidifying a mixture containing a norbornene monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst.
- the invention has been completed.
- a polymerizable composition obtained by cooling and solidifying a mixture containing a norbornene-based monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst [2] The polymerizable composition according to [1], wherein the norbornene-based monomer has a freezing point of 20 ° C. or higher.
- the polymerizable composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the metathesis polymerization catalyst is a ruthenium carbene complex [4]
- the ruthenium carbene complex is represented by the following general formula (1) or (2): (In General Formulas (1) and (2), R 1 and R 2 each independently include a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom, or a silicon atom.
- X 1 and X 2 Each independently represents an anionic ligand;
- L 1 and L 2 represent a heteroatom-containing carbene compound or a neutral electron-donating compound other than a heteroatom-containing carbene compound;
- R 1 , R 2 , X 1 , X 2 , L 1 and L 2 may be bonded to each other alone and / or in any combination to form a multidentate chelating ligand.
- the polymerizable composition according to the above [3] which is a compound represented by: [5]
- the polymerizable composition according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the cooling temperature at the time of cooling and solidifying is a temperature that is 20 ° C. or more lower than the freezing point of the norbornene monomer, [6]
- a polymerizable composition that enables industrial production of a fine resin molded article (for example, a resin molded article having a weight of less than 100 g) having excellent storage stability and excellent quality stability, and A method for producing a resin molded body using the polymerizable composition can be provided.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention is a polymerizable composition obtained by cooling and solidifying a mixture (a mixture for a polymerizable composition) containing a norbornene-based monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst.
- the norbornene-based monomer is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a norbornene ring structure, but a tricyclic ring such as norbornene and norbornadiene; a tricyclic ring such as dicyclopentadiene (cyclopentadiene dimer) and dihydrodicyclopentadiene. Tetracyclododecene and other tetracycles; cyclopentadiene trimer and other pentacycles; cyclopentadiene tetramer and other hemicycles; and the like.
- These norbornene monomers include an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and a butyl group; an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group; an alkylidene group such as an ethylidene group; an aryl group such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, and a naphthyl group; And the like. Further, these norbornene monomers may have a polar group such as a carboxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyloxy group, an oxy group, a cyano group, or a halogen atom.
- norbornene-based monomers include dicyclopentadiene, tricyclopentadiene, cyclopentadiene-methylcyclopentadiene codimer, 5-ethylidene norbornene, norbornene, norbornadiene, 5-cyclohexenyl norbornene, 1,4,4 5,8-Dimethano-1,4,4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 1,4-methano-1,4,4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro Naphthalene, 6-ethylidene-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,4,4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 6-ethylidene-1,4-methano-1,4 4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,4,4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octa
- those having a freezing point of 20 ° C. or higher are preferred, those having a freezing point of 28 ° C. or higher are preferred, and those having a freezing point of 35 ° C. or higher are preferred.
- dicyclopentadiene (freezing point 31 ° C.) and tricyclopentadiene (freezing point 68 ° C.) are preferable because they are easily available, have excellent reactivity, and the resulting molded article has excellent heat resistance.
- Dicyclopentadiene is particularly preferred.
- monocyclic cycloolefins such as cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, cyclooctene, and cyclododecene, which can be ring-opening copolymerized with norbornene-based monomers, may be used as a comonomer within a range not impairing the object of the present invention.
- the metathesis polymerization catalyst is a complex formed by bonding a plurality of ions, atoms, polyatomic ions and / or compounds with a transition metal atom as a central atom.
- transition metal atoms atoms of Groups 5, 6 and 8 (long-period periodic table, the same applies hereinafter) are used.
- the atoms of each group are not particularly limited, examples of the Group 5 atom include tantalum, examples of the Group 6 atom include molybdenum and tungsten, and examples of the Group 8 atom include: Examples include ruthenium and osmium. Of these transition metal atoms, Group 8 ruthenium and osmium are preferred.
- the metathesis polymerization catalyst used in the present invention is preferably a complex having ruthenium or osmium as a central atom, and more preferably a complex having ruthenium as a central atom.
- a complex having ruthenium as a central atom a ruthenium carbene complex in which a carbene compound is coordinated to ruthenium is preferable.
- the “carbene compound” is a general term for compounds having a methylene free group, and refers to a compound having an uncharged divalent carbon atom (carbene carbon) as represented by (> C :).
- the ruthenium carbene complex has excellent catalytic activity during bulk polymerization, when the molded composition is obtained by subjecting the polymerizable composition of the present invention to bulk polymerization, the resulting molded body has less odor derived from unreacted monomers. A high-quality molded product with good productivity can be obtained. In addition, it is relatively stable to oxygen and moisture in the air and is not easily deactivated, so that it can be used even in the atmosphere.
- Examples of the ruthenium carbene complex include those represented by the following general formula (1) or general formula (2).
- R 1 and R 2 each independently include a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; or a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom, or a silicon atom. And these groups may have a substituent or may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Examples of R 1 and R 2 bonded to each other to form a ring include an indenylidene group which may have a substituent, such as a phenylindenylidene group.
- organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a halogen atom, oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, sulfur atom, phosphorus atom or silicon atom include an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and 2 to 2 carbon atoms.
- These organic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a halogen atom, oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, sulfur atom, phosphorus atom or silicon atom may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represent an arbitrary anionic ligand.
- An anionic ligand is a ligand having a negative charge when pulled away from a central metal atom, such as a halogen atom, a diketonate group, a substituted cyclopentadienyl group, an alkoxyl group, an aryloxy group, A carboxyl group etc. can be mentioned.
- L 1 and L 2 represent a hetero atom-containing carbene compound or a neutral electron donating compound other than the hetero atom-containing carbene compound.
- the heteroatom-containing carbene compound and the neutral electron-donating compound other than the heteroatom-containing carbene compound are compounds having a neutral charge when separated from the central metal. From the viewpoint of improving the catalytic activity, a heteroatom-containing carbene compound is preferred.
- a heteroatom means an atom of Groups 15 and 16 of the periodic table, and specific examples include a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a phosphorus atom, a sulfur atom, an arsenic atom, and a selenium atom. .
- a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a phosphorus atom, and a sulfur atom are preferable, and a nitrogen atom is particularly preferable.
- heteroatom-containing carbene compound a compound represented by the following general formula (3) or (4) is preferable, and a compound represented by the following general formula (3) is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of improving catalytic activity.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; or a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, phosphorus
- R 5 and R 6 are hydrogen atoms.
- R 3 and R 4 are preferably an aryl group which may have a substituent, more preferably a phenyl group having an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms as a substituent, and particularly preferably a mesityl group.
- neutral electron donating compound examples include oxygen atom, water, carbonyls, ethers, nitriles, esters, phosphines, phosphinites, phosphites, sulfoxides, thioethers, amides, imines , Aromatics, cyclic diolefins, olefins, isocyanides, thiocyanates and the like.
- R 1 , R 2 , X 1 , X 2 , L 1 and L 2 are bonded to each other alone and / or in any combination to form a polydentate chelate
- a fluorinated ligand may be formed.
- Z is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, NR 12 , PR 12 or AsR 12 , and R 12 is a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; or a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom ,
- R 12 is a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; or a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom
- An organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom or a silicon atom; however, since the effect of the present invention becomes more remarkable, an oxygen atom is preferable as Z.
- R 1 , R 2 , X 1 and L 1 are the same as those in the above general formulas (1) and (2), and are bonded individually and / or in any combination to form a polydentate A chelating ligand may be formed, but X 1 and L 1 do not form a polydentate chelating ligand, and R 1 and R 2 are bonded to each other to form a ring Is more preferable, and an indenylidene group which may have a substituent is more preferable, and a phenylindenylidene group is particularly preferable.
- organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom or a silicon atom include those represented by the general formulas (1) and (2). Same as the case.
- R 7 and R 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or a heteroaryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. These groups may have a substituent and may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Examples of the substituent include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the ring is an aromatic ring Any of alicyclic ring and heterocyclic ring may be used, but it is preferable to form an aromatic ring, more preferably an aromatic ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aromatic ring having 6 to 10 carbon atoms to be formed. It is particularly preferable to do this.
- R 9 , R 10 and R 11 each independently include a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; or a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom or a silicon atom.
- These organic groups each having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may have a substituent and may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Specific examples of the organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a halogen atom, oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, sulfur atom, phosphorus atom or silicon atom include those represented by the general formulas (1) and (2). Same as the case.
- R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- m is 0 or 1.
- m is preferably 1, in which case Q is an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a methylene group, an ethylene group or a carbonyl group, preferably a methylene group.
- R 1 , X 1 , X 2 and L 1 are the same as those in the above general formulas (1) and (2), and are bonded to each other alone and / or in any combination to form multidentate chelation
- a ligand may be formed, it is preferable that X 1 , X 2 and L 1 do not form a multidentate chelating ligand and R 1 is a hydrogen atom.
- R 13 to R 21 are a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; or an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom, or a silicon atom; These groups may have a substituent and may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- Specific examples of the organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a halogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom or a silicon atom include those represented by the general formulas (1) and (2). Same as the case.
- R 13 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R 14 to R 17 are preferably hydrogen atoms, and R 18 to R 21 are Preferably they are a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.
- the amount of the so-called metathesis polymerization catalyst is usually 0.01 mmol or more, preferably 0.1 to 50 mmol, more preferably 0.1 to 20 mmol with respect to 1 mol of the monomer used in the reaction.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention may contain other components other than the norbornene-based monomer and the metathesis polymerization catalyst described above.
- examples of such other components include activators and polymerization retarders. And fillers.
- the soot activator is a compound that acts as a cocatalyst of the above-described metathesis polymerization catalyst and improves the polymerization activity of the above-described metathesis polymerization catalyst.
- Such an activator is not particularly limited, but specific examples thereof include organoaluminum compounds such as alkylaluminum halides such as ethylaluminum dichloride and diethylaluminum chloride, and alkoxyalkylaluminum halides; organotin compounds such as tetrabutyltin; Organozinc compounds such as diethyl zinc; chlorosilane compounds such as dimethylmonochlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, diphenyldichlorosilane, tetrachlorosilane, bicycloheptenylmethyldichlorosilane, phenylmethyldichlorosilane, dihexyldichlorosilane, phenyl
- the amount of the activator used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mol or more, more preferably 1 mol or more with respect to 1 mol of the metathesis polymerization catalyst, and the upper limit of the amount used is preferably 100 mol or less, More preferably, it is 20 mol or less. If the amount of the activator used is too small, the polymerization activity becomes too low, and the time required for the reaction becomes long, so that the production efficiency deteriorates. On the other hand, if the amount used is too large, the reaction becomes so intense that it may be difficult to obtain a desired resin molded body.
- the polymerization retarder is a mixture of a monomer liquid containing a norbornene monomer and a catalyst liquid containing a metathesis polymerization catalyst, and may be referred to as a liquid polymerizable composition mixture (hereinafter referred to as a liquid mixture). ) Is prepared and cooled and solidified to prepare the polymerizable composition of the present invention, which is useful for suppressing polymerization from starting during the preparation.
- a polymerization retarder include phosphines, phosphites, vinyl ether derivatives, ethers, esters, nitrile compounds, pyridine derivatives, alcohols, acetylenes and ⁇ -olefins.
- the effect as a polymerization retarder is high, and when mixing a norbornene monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst, it is possible to effectively suppress thickening of the resulting liquid mixture, phosphines, or the following A pyridine derivative represented by the formula (7) is particularly preferable.
- R 22 , R 23 and R 24 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- at least two of R 22 , R 23 and R 24 may have a substituent, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted group having 2 to 2 carbon atoms. 10 alkenyl groups. That is, in the pyridine derivative represented by the general formula (7), two or three of the two meta positions and one para position (the 3-position, the 4-position, and the 5-position) have a substituent.
- the alkyl group which may have a substituent constituting R 22 , R 23 and R 24 has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the alkenyl group which may have a substituent is usually 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6, and more preferably 2 to 4.
- a pyridine derivative represented by the general formula (7) two meta-positions are substituted (R 22 and R 24 are substituted), one meta-position and para-position are substituted. Any of the disubstituted (substituted for R 22 and R 23 ), the substituted at the two meta and para positions (substituted for R 22 , R 23 and R 24 ) However, a disubstituted product in which two meta positions are substituted or a disubstituted product in which one meta position and a para position are substituted is preferable from the viewpoint that the addition effect becomes more remarkable.
- the amount of the polymerization retarder used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15 to 1800 parts by weight, more preferably 50 to 900 parts by weight, and still more preferably 150 to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the metathesis polymerization catalyst. It is.
- the polymerization retarder is used not only when preparing a polymerizable composition from a liquid mixture, but also when preparing a polymerizable composition from a solid polymerizable composition mixture described later. To be used as appropriate.
- the soot filler is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a fibrous filler having an aspect ratio of 5 to 100 and a particulate filler having an aspect ratio of 1 to 2. These fibrous fillers and particulate fillers can also be used in combination.
- the fibrous filler examples include glass fiber, wollastonite, potassium titanate, zonolite, basic magnesium sulfate, aluminum borate, tetrapot type zinc oxide, gypsum fiber, phosphate fiber, alumina fiber, acicular carbonate Calcium, acicular boehmite and the like can be mentioned.
- wollastonite is preferable from the viewpoint that the rigidity can be increased with a small addition amount and the bulk polymerization reaction is not inhibited.
- the particulate filler examples include calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, barium titanate, silica, alumina, carbon black, graphite , Antimony oxide, red phosphorus, various metal powders, clay, various ferrites, hydrotalcite and the like.
- calcium carbonate, silica, alumina, and aluminum hydroxide are preferable because they do not inhibit the bulk polymerization reaction.
- the filler has a hydrophobic surface.
- the filler can be prevented from agglomerating and settling, and the filler can be uniformly dispersed in the bulk polymer of the norbornene monomer.
- Treatment agents used for hydrophobizing treatment include silane coupling agents such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, titanate coupling agents, aluminate coupling agents, fatty acids such as stearic acid, fats and oils, surfactants, waxes, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the hydrophobic treatment of the filler can be performed by mixing the hydrophobic treatment agent simultaneously with the filler when preparing the mixture for the polymerizable composition as will be described later. It is preferable to prepare a mixture for the polymerizable composition using the filler.
- the blending amount of the filler in the polymerizable composition of the present invention is preferably 10 to 1000 parts by weight, more preferably 100 to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the norbornene monomer.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention may contain various additives other than those described above.
- additives include modifiers, anti-aging agents, colorants, light stabilizers, flame retardants, and the like.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention prepares a mixture for a polymerizable composition containing a norbornene-based monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst, which are essential components, and other components such as an activator and a polymerization retarder that are optionally added, It is prepared by cooling and solidifying the mixture.
- a polymerizable composition mixture or polymerizable composition when there are a plurality of norbornene-based monomers constituting the polymerizable composition mixture or polymerizable composition, the freezing point of the norbornene-based monomer was measured according to JIS K0065 for the mixture of norbornene-based monomers used. Value.
- the mixture for polymerizable composition can be prepared, for example, by the following two methods.
- the monomer is not substantially melted with the norbornene-based monomer that has been cooled to the solidification point or lower in advance to form a solid, the metathesis polymerization catalyst, and other components such as a filler that is optionally added.
- a mixture for a polymerizable composition is prepared by mixing while cooling at a temperature.
- a solid polymerizable composition mixture (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a solid mixture) is obtained.
- the form of the solid norbornene-based monomer is not particularly limited as long as it can be handled by a pulverizer or a mixer described later.
- Examples of the form include a block form and a powder form.
- the block-shaped norbornene-based monomer usually has a size of about 50 to 300 mm on a side, and the powder-shaped norbornene-based monomer generally has a size of about 0.2 to 20 mm in average particle size.
- the average particle diameter can be measured by a laser diffraction scattering method.
- the solid norbornene-based monomer may be handled as a solid at a predetermined temperature, and may be partially melted.
- the metathesis polymerization catalyst may be mixed as a powder, or may be mixed as a catalyst liquid dispersed or dissolved in a solvent.
- the metathesis polymerization catalyst may be coated in advance with an inert solid having a melting point of 40 to 80 ° C.
- an inert solid for example, paraffin is preferably used. By doing so, the stability of the metathesis polymerization catalyst can be improved.
- the solvent used in the catalyst solution is not particularly limited as long as it is an inert solvent for the metathesis polymerization catalyst.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and trimethylbenzene; methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexane
- ketones such as pentanone, cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone
- cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether, dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate and the like.
- aromatic hydrocarbons are preferable, and toluene is particularly preferable.
- the norbornene-based monomer When other components are used, they may be added in advance to the norbornene-based monomer, may be added to the catalyst solution, or added separately in the form of a mixed solution when mixing each component. May be.
- the temperature at the time of mixing each component is usually a temperature range lower than the freezing point of the norbornene-based monomer to be used, preferably 5 ° C. or more lower than the freezing point of the norbornene-based monomer, and 10 ° C. lower than the freezing point. More preferably, the temperature is set. If the mixing temperature is within such a range, the norbornene-based monomer is not substantially melted and the progress of bulk polymerization is suppressed, and a uniform mixture for a polymerizable composition can be obtained efficiently.
- the mixing temperature is typically 25 ° C. or lower.
- the solid norbornene-based monomer may be pulverized at the same time, or each component may be simply mixed.
- a block-shaped norbornene-based monomer is preferably used, and in the latter case, a powdered norbornene-based monomer is preferably used.
- a pulverizer such as a screen cutter, a hammer mill, and a rotary cutter is preferably used in the former case, and a mixer such as a Henschel mixer and a planetary mixer is preferably used in the latter case.
- the ball mill can be used in both cases.
- the mixing operation may be performed according to a known method, and may be performed in one step or in two or more steps. Moreover, you may use combining a grinder and a mixer suitably.
- a solid mixture can be obtained as described above, but the norbornene-based monomer is preferably in the form of a powder because of excellent moldability during cooling and solidification described later.
- a liquid norbornene monomer, a metathesis polymerization catalyst, and other components such as a filler to be added as desired are mixed at a temperature at which the resulting mixture is kept in a liquid state.
- a composition mixture is prepared.
- a liquid polymerizable composition mixture is obtained.
- Examples of this method include a method in which a catalyst liquid containing a metathesis polymerization catalyst is mixed with a monomer liquid containing a norbornene-based monomer and stirred.
- the mixing temperature at the time of mixing the catalyst liquid containing the metathesis polymerization catalyst with the monomer liquid containing the norbornene monomer is usually a temperature higher than the freezing point of the norbornene monomer, and is 10 ° C. higher than the freezing point of the norbornene monomer. It is preferable to set it as a range up to 5 ° C. from the freezing point, and more preferable.
- the mixing temperature of the monomer liquid and the catalyst liquid is typically 30 to 60 ° C., preferably 35 to 45 ° C.
- the metathesis polymerization catalyst can also be blended as a powder.
- components When other components are used, they may be contained in either the monomer solution or the catalyst solution, or may be added separately in the form of a mixed solution or the like when the components are mixed.
- the mixture for the polymerizable composition can be prepared as described above. However, in the solid mixture, the norbornene monomer coagulates and loses fluidity, and even when mixed with the metathesis polymerization catalyst, bulk polymerization is not possible. There is no progress. On the other hand, in a liquid mixture, since bulk polymerization may proceed, it is necessary to perform temperature control more strictly, and it is necessary to shorten the time until subsequent cooling and solidification. Accordingly, since the degree of freedom of operation is high and the mixture for the polymerizable composition can be obtained more stably, the mixture for the polymerizable composition is preferably prepared by the first method.
- cooling solidification means solidifying under cooling.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be prepared by pressure-forming under cooling with a tableting machine or press molding machine and solidifying by cooling.
- molding is not specifically limited, Usually, it is about 10 Mpa.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention is prepared in the mold by packing and solidifying the solid mixture directly into the mold to be used under cooling. May be.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be prepared by cooling and solidifying immediately while appropriately forming a predetermined amount.
- a molding die described later can be used.
- the cooling temperature at which the mixture for the polymerizable composition is cooled and solidified may be set according to the type of norbornene-based monomer to be used, but is preferably a temperature that is 20 ° C. or more lower than the freezing point of the norbornene-based monomer. More preferably, the temperature is lower by 30 ° C. or more.
- the specific cooling temperature is preferably ⁇ 60 to 0 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 40 to ⁇ 10 ° C.
- the mixture for the polymerizable composition is prepared by mixing the norbornene monomer and the metathesis polymerization catalyst in consideration of the necessary amount of the mixture from the viewpoint of eliminating the raw material loss and increasing the production efficiency of the resin molded body. , Each preferably using an optimum amount that can be immediately and thoroughly mixed.
- the monomer liquid and the catalyst liquid to be used and liquids having similar viscosities are prepared, and the optimal amount of both liquids can be determined appropriately by checking the mixing properties. it can.
- the mixture for the polymerizable composition obtained by mixing the norbornene monomer and the metathesis polymerization catalyst is cooled and solidified, the mixture is weighted according to the molded body to be manufactured in advance before cooling and solidifying. It is preferable to make a configuration so as to obtain a cooled and solidified body having a weight corresponding to a molded body to be manufactured in advance.
- the cooling solidified body having the same weight as the molded body to be manufactured may be obtained, or a plurality of cooling solidified bodies corresponding to the molded body to be manufactured may be obtained.
- the method for producing a resin molded body of the present invention includes a step of bulk polymerization of the above-described polymerizable composition of the present invention, thereby obtaining a resin molded body.
- the above-described polymerizable composition of the present invention when the above-described polymerizable composition of the present invention is bulk-polymerized to obtain a resin molded body, a molding die corresponding to a desired shape is usually used, and the cooled solidified body is used in the molding die. By heating and polymerizing the polymerizable composition in this state, a resin molded body having a desired shape can be obtained.
- the scissors mold is not particularly limited.
- a mold formed of a male mold and a female mold can be used.
- the mold to be used is not necessarily an expensive metal mold with high rigidity, and is not limited to a metal mold, and a resin mold or a simple mold can be used.
- the material in the case of using a metal mold is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include steel, aluminum, zinc alloy, nickel, copper, chrome, etc., and can be manufactured by any method such as casting, forging, thermal spraying, and electroforming. Or may be plated.
- the structure of the mold may be determined in consideration of the pressure when the polymerizable composition is injected into the mold.
- the mold clamping pressure is usually about 0.1 to 9.8 MPa in terms of gauge pressure.
- the mold temperature may be appropriately selected according to the type of norbornene-based monomer to be used, but is preferably set to a temperature that is 30 ° C or higher than the freezing point of the norbornene-based monomer, and is set to a temperature that is 50 ° C or higher than the freezing point. Is more preferable. Typically, the mold temperature is usually 60 to 160 ° C, preferably 80 to 120 ° C.
- the bulk polymerization time may be appropriately selected, but it is usually 20 seconds to 20 minutes, preferably 20 seconds to 5 minutes after the polymerizable composition in a cooled and solidified state is placed in the mold.
- the mold temperature T1 (° C.) of the design surface side mold is defined as the design surface. It is preferable to set it higher than the mold temperature T2 (° C.) of the mold on the opposite side. Thereby, the surface appearance of a molded object can be made beautiful without sinks or bubbles.
- T1-T2 is preferably 5 ° C. or higher, more preferably 10 ° C. or higher, and the upper limit is preferably 60 ° C.
- the upper limit of T1 is preferably 110 ° C, more preferably 95 ° C, and the lower limit is preferably 50 ° C.
- the upper limit of T2 is preferably 70 ° C, more preferably 60 ° C, and the lower limit is preferably 30 ° C.
- a resin molded body can be obtained by opening the mold and removing the mold.
- the polymerizable composition of the present invention is obtained by cooling and solidifying a mixture containing a norbornene monomer and a metathesis polymerization catalyst, the norbornene monomer is excellent in storage stability without proceeding bulk polymerization, Moreover, since the norbornene-based monomer and the metathesis polymerization catalyst are already in a sufficiently mixed state, the polymer composition of the present invention is heated, melted, polymerized and cured, so that a fine resin molded article excellent in quality stability is obtained. Can be efficiently produced on an industrial scale.
- the norbornene-based monomer and the metathesis polymerization catalyst are uniformly mixed, and the resulting mixture is weighed to a weight corresponding to a desired resin molded body, Can be solidified by cooling, so that even when a small resin molded body is obtained by bulk polymerization of the obtained polymerizable composition (for example, when a molded body having a weight of less than 100 g is obtained). Can achieve excellent quality stability.
- Curing time Time (unit: minute) until the entire polymerizable composition is cured after placing the polymerizable composition on a mold heated to a predetermined temperature by the method shown in Examples and Comparative Examples. ) And measured as the curing time.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the value of the intersection of the straight line extending the base line on the low temperature side from the inflection point and the straight line extending the base line on the high temperature side from the inflection point is read, and this is obtained as the glass transition temperature. (Tg).
- Example 1 (Preparation of catalyst solution) As a metathesis polymerization catalyst, 0.6 parts of a ruthenium catalyst (VC843, manufactured by Strem Chemicals) represented by the following formula (8) and 15 parts of 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT, anti-aging agent) was dissolved in 82 parts of cyclopentanone, and then 2.2 parts of 3,4-dimethylpyridine and 0.1 part of phenyltrichlorosilane were mixed to obtain a catalyst solution.
- a ruthenium catalyst VC843, manufactured by Strem Chemicals
- BHT 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol
- Example plate molding To 100 parts of dicyclopentadiene heated to 40 ° C., 0.5 part of triphenylphosphine and 3.3 parts of the catalyst solution prepared above are added and mixed to prepare a mixture for the polymerizable composition. The resulting mixture for the polymerizable composition was subdivided into 100 g, 50 g, and 10 g, respectively. Then, it was rapidly frozen to ⁇ 20 ° C. quickly to obtain a polymerizable composition in a cooled and solidified state.
- an aluminum female mold having a space of 250 mm in length, 200 mm in width, and 4 mm in thickness was prepared as a mold and heated to 70 ° C.
- the polymerizable composition 100 g, 50 g, 10 g each of the polymerizable composition
- the molded article was taken out from the metal mold
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) was measured.
- the molding of the sample plate and the removal from the mold were repeated, and the mold cleaning frequency was measured according to the method described above.
- Example 2 A polymerizable composition and a sample plate in a cooled solid state were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that tetracyclododecene was used instead of dicyclopentadiene, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 A polymerizable composition and a sample plate in a cooled solid state were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that ethylidenetetracyclododecene was used in place of dicyclopentadiene, and evaluation was performed in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 When obtaining the mixture for a polymerizable composition, the polymerizable composition in the state of a cooled solidified body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 150 parts of aluminum hydroxide was further added to 100 parts of dicyclopentadiene. Sample plates were obtained and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 A sample plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mold temperature was set to 40 ° C., and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 A solid monomer composition was obtained by dissolving 0.5 part of triphenylphosphine in 100 parts of dicyclopentadiene heated to 40 ° C. and rapidly freezing to ⁇ 20 ° C. Next, 100 parts of the above monomer composition was added as it was to a planetary mixer holding the tank at 15 ° C., and then 3.3 parts of the catalyst solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 was added and mixed for 10 minutes for polymerization. A mixture for the sexual composition was obtained. The mixture was subdivided into 100 g, 50 g, and 10 g, rapidly frozen to ⁇ 20 ° C., and pressure-molded to obtain a polymerizable composition. Using the obtained polymerizable composition, a sample plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 (Preparation of catalyst solution) As a metathesis polymerization catalyst, a catalyst solution was obtained by dissolving 0.6 parts of a ruthenium catalyst (Zhan 1N) represented by the following formula (9) and 15 parts of BHT in 82 parts of cyclopentanone.
- a ruthenium catalyst Zhan 1N represented by the following formula (9)
- Example plate molding Using the catalyst solution obtained above, in the same manner as in Example 1, a polymerizable composition and a sample plate in a cooled and solidified state were obtained and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 8 A polymerizable composition and a sample plate were obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the catalyst solution used was changed to a catalyst solution produced in the same manner as in Example 7, and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 1 Using a high-impact collision mixing type RIM machine, 100.5 parts of a monomer liquid consisting of 3.3 parts of a catalyst solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, 100 parts of dicyclopentadiene and 0.5 parts of triphenylphosphine This was carried out except that 100 g, 50 g and 10 g / s were discharged at a discharge speed of 100 g / s, and the obtained mixed liquids 100 g, 50 g and 10 g were directly discharged into the same mold as in Example 1, respectively. Sample plates were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 2 A sample plate was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that tetracyclododecene was used instead of dicyclopentadiene. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 3 A sample plate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that 250.5 parts of monomer liquid consisting of 100 parts of dicyclopentadiene, 0.5 parts of triphenylphosphine and 150 parts of aluminum hydroxide was used as the monomer liquid. The same evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 2.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕ノルボルネン系モノマーとメタセシス重合触媒とを含む混合物を冷却固化してなる重合性組成物、
〔2〕前記ノルボルネン系モノマーの凝固点が20℃以上である前記〔1〕に記載の重合性組成物、
〔3〕前記メタセシス重合触媒が、ルテニウムカルベン錯体である前記〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の重合性組成物、
〔4〕前記ルテニウムカルベン錯体が、以下の一般式(1)または(2):
で表される化合物である前記〔3〕に記載の重合性組成物、
〔5〕前記冷却固化を行う際の冷却温度を、前記ノルボルネン系モノマーの凝固点よりも20℃以上低い温度とする前記〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の重合性組成物、ならびに、
〔6〕前記〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の重合性組成物を塊状重合する工程を有する樹脂成形体の製造方法、
が提供される。
ノルボルネン系モノマーとしては、ノルボルネン環構造を有する化合物であればよく、特に限定されないが、ノルボルネン、ノルボルナジエン等の二環体;ジシクロペンタジエン(シクロペンタジエン二量体)、ジヒドロジシクロペンタジエン等の三環体;テトラシクロドデセン等の四環体;シクロペンタジエン三量体等の五環体;シクロペンタジエン四量体等の七環体;等を挙げることができる。
これらのノルボルネン系モノマーは、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基等のアルキル基;ビニル基等のアルケニル基;エチリデン基等のアルキリデン基;フェニル基、トリル基、ナフチル基等のアリール基;等の置換基を有していてもよい。さらに、これらのノルボルネン系モノマーは、カルボキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシルオキシ基、オキシ基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子等の極性基を有していてもよい。
ノルボルネン系モノマーは、1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
メタセシス重合触媒は、遷移金属原子を中心原子として、複数のイオン、原子、多原子イオンおよび/または化合物が結合してなる錯体である。遷移金属原子としては、第5,6および8族(長周期型周期表、以下同様)の原子が使用される。それぞれの族の原子は特に限定されないが、第5族の原子としては、たとえばタンタルが挙げられ、第6族の原子としては、たとえばモリブデンやタングステンが挙げられ、第8族の原子としては、たとえばルテニウムやオスミウムが挙げられる。これら遷移金属原子の中でも、第8族のルテニウムやオスミウムが好ましい。すなわち、本発明に使用されるメタセシス重合触媒としては、ルテニウムまたはオスミウムを中心原子とする錯体が好ましく、ルテニウムを中心原子とする錯体がより好ましい。ルテニウムを中心原子とする錯体としては、カルベン化合物がルテニウムに配位してなるルテニウムカルベン錯体が好ましい。ここで、「カルベン化合物」とは、メチレン遊離基を有する化合物の総称であり、(>C:)で表されるような電荷のない2価の炭素原子(カルベン炭素)を持つ化合物をいう。ルテニウムカルベン錯体は、塊状重合時の触媒活性に優れるため、本発明の重合性組成物を塊状重合に供して成形体を得る場合、得られる成形体には未反応のモノマーに由来する臭気が少なく、生産性良く良質な成形体が得られる。また、酸素や空気中の水分に対して比較的安定であって、失活しにくいので、大気下でも使用可能である。
ハロゲン原子、酸素原子、窒素原子、硫黄原子、リン原子もしくは珪素原子を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~20の有機基の具体例としては、炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、炭素数2~20のアルキニル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、炭素数2~20のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素数2~20のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素数6~20のアリールオキシ基、炭素数1~8のアルキルチオ基、カルボニルオキシ基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシカルボニル基、炭素数1~20のアルキルスルホニル基、炭素数1~20のアルキルスルフィニル基、炭素数1~20のアルキルスルホン酸基、炭素数6~20のアリールスルホン酸基、ホスホン酸基、炭素数6~20のアリールホスホン酸基、炭素数1~20のアルキルアンモニウム基、および炭素数6~20のアリールアンモニウム基等を挙げることができる。これらの、ハロゲン原子、酸素原子、窒素原子、硫黄原子、リン原子もしくは珪素原子を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~20の有機基は、置換基を有していてもよい。置換基の例としては、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、炭素数1~10のアルコキシ基、および炭素数6~10のアリール基等を挙げることができる。
また、R3、R4、R5およびR6は任意の組合せで互いに結合して環を形成していてもよい。
なお、本発明の効果がより一層顕著になることから、R5およびR6が水素原子であることが好ましい。また、R3およびR4は、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基が好ましく、置換基として炭素数1~10のアルキル基を有するフェニル基がより好ましく、メシチル基が特に好ましい。
なお、R1、R2、X1およびL1は、上記一般式(1)および(2)の場合と同様であり、それぞれ単独で、および/または任意の組み合わせで互いに結合して、多座キレート化配位子を形成しても良いが、X1およびL1が多座キレート化配位子を形成せず、かつ、R1およびR2は互いに結合して環を形成していることが好ましく、置換基を有していてもよいインデニリデン基であることがより好ましく、フェニルインデニリデン基であることが特に好ましい。
また、ハロゲン原子、酸素原子、窒素原子、硫黄原子、リン原子または珪素原子を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~20の有機基の具体例としては、上記一般式(1)および(2)の場合と同様である。
R9、R10およびR11は、水素原子または炭素数1~20のアルキル基であることが好ましく、水素原子または炭素数1~3のアルキル基であることが特に好ましい。
R13は、好ましくは炭素数1~20のアルキル基、より好ましくは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、R14~R17は、好ましくは水素原子であり、R18~R21は、好ましくは水素原子またはハロゲン原子である。
また、本発明の重合性組成物は、上述したノルボルネン系モノマーおよびメタセシス重合触媒以外のその他の成分を含有するものであってもよく、このようなその他の成分としては、活性剤、重合遅延剤、充填材などが挙げられる。
本発明の重合性組成物は、必須成分であるノルボルネン系モノマーおよびメタセシス重合触媒、ならびに所望により添加される活性剤や重合遅延剤などのその他の成分を含む重合性組成物用混合物を調製し、該混合物を冷却固化することにより調製される。
なお、本発明において、重合性組成物用混合物または重合性組成物を構成するノルボルネン系モノマーが複数ある場合、ノルボルネン系モノマーの凝固点とは、使用するノルボルネン系モノマーの混合物につき、JIS K0065に従って測定した値をいう。
なお、固形状のノルボルネン系モノマーは、所定の温度下に固形物として取り扱うことができればよく、一部融解した状態のものが含まれていてもよい。
粉末として混合する場合、たとえば、融点40~80℃の不活性固体により、予めメタセシス重合触媒をコーティングしておいてもよい。かかる不活性固体としては、たとえば、パラフィンが好適に用いられる。そのようにすることで、メタセシス重合触媒の安定性を向上させることができる。
触媒液に用いられる前記溶媒としては、メタセシス重合触媒に対して不活性な溶媒であればよく、特に限定されないが、たとえば、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン、トリメチルベンゼン等の芳香族炭化水素;メチルエチルケトン、シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン、2-ヘプタノン、4-ヒドロキシ-4-メチル-2-ペンタノン等のケトン類;テトラヒドロフラン等の環状エーテル類;ジエチルエーテル、ジクロロメタン、ジメチルスルホキシド、酢酸エチルなどが挙げられる。中でも、芳香族炭化水素が好ましく、トルエンが特に好ましい。
なお、メタセシス重合触媒は粉末として配合することもできる。
なお、上記成形においては、後述の成形型を利用することができる。
本発明の樹脂成形体の製造方法は、上述した本発明の重合性組成物を、塊状重合する工程を備え、これにより、樹脂成形体を得るものである。
実施例、比較例に示す方法により所定温度に加温した金型上に重合性組成物を載置した後、重合性組成物全体が硬化に至るまでの時間(単位:分)を計測し、これを硬化時間とした。
実施例、比較例に示す方法により、サンプル板の成形および得られたサンプル板を金型から取り出す作業を繰り返し行い、サンプル板の離型性が悪く、変形・破壊が発生し、これにより金型のクリーニングが必要となった時の回数を計測し、その値を金型クリーニング頻度として計測した。
実施例、比較例に示す方法によりサンプル板を成形し、得られたサンプル板をφ3×1mmの大きさに加工し、φ3×1mmの大きさとしたサンプル板を用いて、示差走査熱量計(DSC-6220、セイコーインスツル社製)により、昇温速度10℃/minで30℃から220℃までDSC曲線の測定を行った。
そして、得られたDSC曲線より、変極点よりも低温側のベースラインを延長した直線と、変極点よりも高温側のベースラインを延長した直線との交点の値を読み取り、これをガラス転移温度(Tg)とした。
(触媒液の調製)
メタセシス重合触媒として、下記式(8)で示すルテニウム触媒(VC843、Strem Chemicals社製)0.6部、および2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール(BHT、老化防止剤)15部をシクロペンタノン82部に溶解させ、次いで、3,4-ジメチルピリジン2.2部、およびフェニルトリクロロシラン0.1部混合することで、触媒液を得た。
40℃に加温したジシクロペンタジエン100部に、トリフェニルホスフィン0.5部、および上記にて調製した触媒液3.3部を添加し、これらを混合して重合性組成物用混合物を調製し、得られた重合性組成物用混合物を、それぞれ100g、50g、10gになるよう小分けした。そして、その後速やかに-20℃まで急速冷凍することで、冷却固化体の状態の重合性組成物を得た。
ジシクロペンタジエンの代わりに、テトラシクロドデセンを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、冷却固化体の状態の重合性組成物およびサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
ジシクロペンタジエンの代わりに、エチリデンテトラシクロドデセンを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、冷却固化体の状態の重合性組成物およびサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
重合性組成物用混合物を得る際に、ジシクロペンタジエン100部に対し、水酸化アルミニウム150部をさらに添加した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、冷却固化体の状態の重合性組成物およびサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
金型温度を40℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
40℃に加温したジシクロペンタジエン100部に、トリフェニルホスフィン0.5部を溶解させ、-20℃まで急速冷凍することで、固形状のモノマー組成物を得た。
次いで、タンクを15℃に保持したプラネタリーミキサーに上記モノマー組成物をそのまま100部投入し、次いで実施例1と同様にして作製した触媒液3.3部を投入し、10分間混合して重合性組成物用混合物を得た。当該混合物を、それぞれ100g、50g、10gになるよう小分けし、-20℃まで急速冷凍すると共に加圧成形し、重合性組成物を得た。得られた重合性組成物を用い、実施例1と同様にしてサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
上記で得られた触媒液を使用し、実施例1と同様にして、冷却固化体の状態の重合性組成物およびサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
使用した触媒液を、実施例7と同様にして作製した触媒液に替えたこと以外は実施例6と同様にして重合性組成物およびサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
高比率衝突混合方式のRIM機を使用し、実施例1と同様にして調製した触媒液3.3部と、ジシクロペンタジエン100部およびトリフェニルホスフィン0.5部からなるモノマー液100.5部を吐出速度100g/s、50g/s、10g/sで衝突混合させ、それぞれ得られた混合液100g、50g、10gを、実施例1と同様の金型に、それぞれ直接吐出した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてサンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
ジシクロペンタジエンの代わりに、テトラシクロドデセンを使用した以外は、比較例1と同様にして、サンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
モノマー液として、ジシクロペンタジエン100部、トリフェニルホスフィン0.5部、および水酸化アルミニウム150部からなるモノマー液250.5部を使用した以外は、比較例1と同様にして、サンプル板を得て、同様に評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (6)
- ノルボルネン系モノマーとメタセシス重合触媒とを含む混合物を冷却固化してなる重合性組成物。
- 前記ノルボルネン系モノマーの凝固点が20℃以上である請求項1に記載の重合性組成物。
- 前記メタセシス重合触媒が、ルテニウムカルベン錯体である請求項1または2に記載の重合性組成物。
- 前記ルテニウムカルベン錯体が、以下の一般式(1)または(2):
で表される化合物である請求項3に記載の重合性組成物。 - 前記冷却固化を行う際の冷却温度を、前記ノルボルネン系モノマーの凝固点よりも20℃以上低い温度とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の重合性組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の重合性組成物を塊状重合する工程を有する樹脂成形体の製造方法。
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