WO2014045590A1 - 電縫溶接部の耐hic性および低温靭性に優れた電縫鋼管およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
電縫溶接部の耐hic性および低温靭性に優れた電縫鋼管およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/0006—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating the welding zone being shielded against the influence of the surrounding atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B23/00—Tube-rolling not restricted to methods provided for in only one of groups B21B17/00, B21B19/00, B21B21/00, e.g. combined processes planetary tube rolling, auxiliary arrangements, e.g. lubricating, special tube blanks, continuous casting combined with tube rolling
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- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- B21D5/06—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles
- B21D5/10—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles for making tubes
- B21D5/12—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles for making tubes making use of forming-rollers
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- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/08—Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
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- B23K13/00—Welding by high-frequency current heating
- B23K13/01—Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
- B23K13/02—Seam welding
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- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
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- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
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Definitions
- the present invention is suitable for mining or transporting crude oil, natural gas, etc., or for use in transportation.
- Tensile strength TS 434 MPa electric resistance steel pipe having strength of 434 MPa or more. steel pipe or steel tube).
- the present invention relates to a technique for improving hydrogen-induced cracking resistance and low-temperature toughness of an electric resistance welded part.
- ERW steel pipes have been widely used for mining or transporting crude oil and natural gas.
- ERW steel pipes have ERW welds, so from the viewpoint of reliability of ERW welds, demand for hydrogen-induced crack resistance (hereinafter also referred to as HIC resistance) and low temperature toughness of ERW welds is required.
- HIC resistance hydrogen-induced crack resistance
- low temperature toughness of ERW welds The usage was limited to places where the value was not strict. For this reason, there is a strong demand for an electric resistance welded steel pipe having excellent HIC resistance and excellent low-temperature toughness.
- Patent Document 1 describes an ERW steel pipe excellent in sour resistance made of Al deoxidized steel containing 0.0012% or more of Ca. Yes.
- the Ca / Al ratio is set to 0.10 or less, and the ratio of the length in the plate thickness direction (through-thickness direction) to the length in the circumferential direction is set to 2 or more.
- the density of inclusions having a major axis of 10 ⁇ m or more is adjusted to 5 or less per 1 mm 2 .
- Patent Document 2 describes a gas shield welding method for an electric resistance welded pipe that can improve the toughness of an electric resistance welded portion.
- the suspended scale on the inner surface side of the pipe is washed away with mist after fin pass molding (fin pass forming) and before welding, and a local seal (
- local shielding local gas sealing of the welded portion is performed without contact with the pipe except for the holding roller of the sealing device (shielding arrangement) on the inner surface of the pipe.
- the remaining of the scale of the ERW welded portion is prevented, and the inertia of the ERW welded portion is markedly improved.
- Patent Document 3 describes a high tensile strength thin-walled electric resistance welded line pipe or tube of API X80 grade or higher.
- hot rolling steel coil to cold forming roll forming
- electric seam welding seam heat treatment
- seam heat treatment of seam sizer
- the outer diameter is 200 mm or more and 610 mm or less
- the thickness / outer diameter ratio (t / D) is 2% or less
- the metallic structure has an average grain size of 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the occupied area of the butt part of the ERW weld is less than 0.1% (equivalent to 1000 ppm)
- An ERW steel pipe having a circumferential tensile strength of 700 N / mm 2 or more after flatning is used as a line pipe.
- Patent Document 4 describes an electric resistance welded steel pipe or steel tube for boiler that has few defects in an electric seam welded portion and is excellent in creep rupture strength and toughness. ing.
- the electric resistance welded steel pipe described in Patent Document 4 is C: 0.01 to 0.20%, Si: 0.01 to 1.0%, Mn: 0.10 to 2.0% by mass. Cr: 0.5-3.5%, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.010% or less, O: 0.020% or less, Nb: 0.001-0.
- JP-A-60-213366 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-178281 JP 2008-223134 A JP 2006-77330 A
- Patent Document 1 can be said to be excellent in HIC resistance in an environment of (0.5% CH 3 COOH + synthetic seawater (3% NaCl) + saturated H 2 S).
- the technique described in Patent Document 1 is insufficient in controlling inclusions.
- in the technique described in Patent Document 1 in the environment of Solution A solution (0.5% CH 3 COOH + 5% NaCl + saturated H 2 S) defined in NACE TM0284, which is a more severe corrosion environment, hydrogen induction There is a problem that the occurrence of cracks (HIC) cannot be avoided.
- the inclusion amount of 5 inclusions having a major axis of 10 ⁇ m or more per 1 mm 2 corresponds to 0.05% (500 ppm) in terms of area ratio, and the ratio of the major axis / minor axis (ratio of the major) Diameter to the minor diameter): Even if 2 is considered, it becomes about 100 ppm.
- the environment where the ERW steel pipe manufactured by the technique described in Patent Document 1 is applicable is 0.5% CH 3 COOH + artificial seawater (NaCl concentration of about 3%) + saturated H 2 S environment. In a severe corrosive environment beyond that, there is a concern about the occurrence of HIC.
- the absorbed energy of the Charpy impact test (Charpy impact test) is about 20 kgfm or more in the ERW weld portion.
- the temperature range obtained is up to ⁇ 50 ° F. (corresponding to ⁇ 45.5 ° C.), and there is a problem that low-temperature toughness decreases at an extremely low temperature of ⁇ 60 ° C. or less.
- the steel pipe manufactured by the technique described in Patent Document 2 has a problem that it does not maintain good HIC resistance under severe corrosive environment conditions.
- the weld defect (weld defect) of the ERW weld is reduced, and the creep characteristics ( Creep characteristic) and toughness deterioration can be prevented.
- the fracture surface transition temperature (fracture transition temperature) of the Charpy impact test of the obtained ERW weld is about 0 to -50 ° C, and the Charpy impact test at -60 ° C is performed.
- the low temperature toughness of a good ERW weld having an absorbed energy of 120 J or more has not been achieved.
- the present invention solves the problems of the prior art and provides an ERW steel pipe having a tensile strength TS: 434 MPa or more and having an ERW welded portion having both excellent HIC resistance and excellent low temperature toughness.
- excellent HIC resistance means a crack area ratio CAR (crack area ratio) after immersion in a NACE Solution A solution (0.5% CH 3 COOH + 5% NaCl + saturated H 2 S) specified in NACE TM0284 for 200 hours. ) Is 3% or less.
- “Excellent low temperature toughness” is obtained in accordance with the provisions of WES 1108 (1995), the absorption energy vE ⁇ 60 of the Charpy impact test at ⁇ 60 ° C.
- the crack tip opening displacement value (CTOD value) at ⁇ 20 ° C. of the CTOD test obtained in accordance with the standard is 0.3 mm or more is assumed.
- the Charpy fracture surface transition temperature vTrs is ⁇ 60 ° C. or lower.
- the present inventors have determined the influence of the constituent element (constituent element) of oxide, the size of oxide, and the number of oxides on the HIC resistance and low temperature toughness of the ERW weld.
- the viscosity (viscosity) of the oxide generated at the edge of steel strip during ERW welding greatly affects the HIC resistance and low temperature toughness of the ERW weld.
- the HIC resistance and low-temperature toughness of an ERW welded part improved notably by adjusting the viscosity of the oxide produced
- the length direction of the test piece becomes the direction of tube axis, and the ERW welded portion becomes the center in the length direction of the test piece.
- Size 10 mm thickness x 20 mm width x 100 mm length
- HIC test was performed.
- the test piece was immersed in a Solution A solution (0.5% CH 3 COOH + 5% NaCl + saturated H 2 S) defined by NACE TM0284 for 200 hours. After immersion, the surface of the test piece was subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection, and the area ratio (CAR) of the crack was determined by image treatment.
- Charpy impact test pieces are formed from the obtained electric resistance welded steel pipes in the circumferential direction of the pipe around the ERW welds in accordance with JIS Z 2242. Were collected. The notch was confirmed by etching and centered on the ERW weld. Using the obtained Charpy impact test piece (V-notch test piece), an impact test was carried out to determine the absorbed energy. The test temperature was ⁇ 60 ° C., each ERW steel pipe was tested using three test pieces, and the arithmetic average was the toughness (absorbed energy) value vE ⁇ 60 of the ERW welded portion of each ERW steel pipe. .
- generated at the time of ERW welding was calculated
- the viscosity of the oxide generated during ERW welding depends on the liquid steel temperature during ERW welding and the composition of the oxide generated during ERW welding: PVRiboud et..al .: ausber. wolfenprax. Metall noteverrarb. , 19 (1981) 859.
- Viscosity of oxide 10 ⁇ A R T exp (B R / T) (1)
- T absolute temperature (K)
- a R exp ⁇ 19.81 + 1.73 (X CaO + X MnO 3 ) ⁇ 35.75X Al 2 O 3 ⁇
- B R 31140-23896 ⁇ ⁇ (X CaO + X MnO 2 ) + 68833X Al 2 O 3 ⁇ X CaO , X MnO 3 , X Al 2 O 3 : Mole fractions of CaO, MnO, and Al 2 O 3 in the oxide
- the temperature at the time of ERW welding the mole fraction obtained at 1550 ° C. was used.
- generated at the time of ERW welding is decided by the composition of the hot rolled steel plate which is a raw material of an ERW steel pipe, and the time from welding of a steel plate edge part to pressure welding.
- FIG. 2 shows the relationship with the amount expressed by mass% with respect to the total amount of ERW welds having a width of 2 mm.
- a plate-shaped test piece for electrolytic extraction (size: thickness pipe thickness x width 2 mm x length 20 mm) was collected centering on the ERW weld.
- inclusions were electrolytically extracted as 10% AA solution (AA solution means 10 vol% acetylacetone-1 mass% tetramethylammonium chloride-methanol).
- AA solution means 10 vol% acetylacetone-1 mass% tetramethylammonium chloride-methanol.
- the obtained electrolytic extract (inclusion) was filtered using a filter mesh having a hole diameter of 8 ⁇ m.
- the filtered electrolytic extract (referred to as inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more) is further subjected to alkali melting, and ICP analysis (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) is performed to include Si, Mn contained in the inclusions. , Al, Ca and Cr were analyzed. By this analysis, the total content of Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr in inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more was obtained in mass% with respect to the total amount of ERW welds having a width of 2 mm including the core.
- ICP analysis Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
- the present inventors have adjusted the composition of the steel plate (hot rolled steel plate) that is the raw material to an appropriate range, and further performed electric resistance welding under appropriate conditions, and the viscosity of the oxide generated during electric resistance welding.
- the amount of alloy elements such as Si, Mn, and Al contained in the inclusions present in the ERW weld by controlling the Pb to 2 poise or less, the EIC weld has excellent HIC resistance. It has been found that ERW welded steel pipes with excellent low temperature toughness can be manufactured.
- the present invention has been completed with further studies based on the above findings. That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- Nb 0.001 to 0.060%
- V 0.001 to 0.060%
- Ti An electric-welded steel pipe comprising one or more selected from 0.001 to 0.080%.
- the hot rolled steel strip is continuously roll-formed to form an open tube having a substantially circular cross section, and then the vicinity of the butt portion of the open tube is heated to the melting point or higher and subjected to electro-welding welding pressed with a squeeze roll.
- a method of manufacturing an electric resistance welded pipe by forming an electric resistance welded portion and then subjecting the electric resistance welded portion to an on-line heat treatment, wherein the hot-rolled steel strip is, by mass%, C: 0.03 to 0.00. 59%, Si: 0.10 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.40 to 2.10% and Al: 0.01 to 0.35%, and Si and Mn have Mn / Si of 6.
- the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere at the time of the electric resistance welding is determined by the oxidation degree (oxidization) of the molten steel defined by the following formula (1): tendency)
- a welding method adjusted to 1000 / f oxy ppm or less by volume% and a method for producing an ERW steel pipe.
- F oxy Mn + 10 (Si + Cr) + 100Al + 1000Ca (1)
- Mn, Si, Cr, Al and Ca content of each element (mass%) (10)
- the heat treatment applied to the ERW weld is heated to a heating temperature of 720 to 1070 ° C. at an average temperature in the thickness direction of the ERW weld, Then, an air-cooling or water-cooling treatment, or a heating treatment at an average temperature in the thickness direction of the electric-welded welded portion, which is heated to less than 720 ° C. and air-cooled, is provided. Production method.
- the method further comprises: Ca: 0.0001 to 0.0040% by mass%, .
- Nb 0.001 to 0.060%
- V 0.001 to 0.060%
- Ti A method for producing an ERW steel pipe, comprising one or more selected from 0.001 to 0.080%.
- the ERW weld has excellent HIC resistance even in a severe corrosive environment. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the ERW weld has excellent low temperature toughness with an absorbed energy of 120 J or more in the Charpy impact test at ⁇ 60 ° C. And since the ERW steel pipe of this invention has tensile strength TS: 434MPa or more, while the ERW steel pipe of this invention has the outstanding HIC resistance and low temperature toughness, it also has sufficient intensity
- 3 is a graph showing the influence of the viscosity of an oxide generated during ERW welding on the CAR of an ERW weld and the vE- 60 of the ERW weld.
- 6 is a graph showing the influence of the total content of Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr in inclusions having a circle-equivalent diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more on the CAR of the ERW weld and the vE- 60 of the ERW weld.
- C 0.03-0.59%
- C is an element that increases the strength of the steel pipe through the formation of a hard phase such as pearlite, cementite, bainite, martensite.
- C is an element that lowers the melting point of molten steel during ERW welding.
- C is an element that affects the formation of oxides during ERW welding through the formation of CO by reaction with O 2 in the air.
- the C content exceeds 0.59%, the solidification temperature of the molten steel in the ERW weld decreases as the melting point decreases, and the viscosity of the molten steel increases, so that the oxide is difficult to be discharged. Become. For this reason, the C content is limited to the range of 0.03 to 0.59%. Preferably, the content is 0.04 to 0.49%.
- Si 0.10 to 0.50% Si is an element having an action of increasing the strength of the steel pipe by solute strengthening.
- Si has a stronger affinity with O (oxygen) than Fe in an ERW weld, and forms a highly viscous eutectic oxide together with Mn oxide. If the Si content is less than 0.10%, the Mn concentration in the eutectic oxide in the ERW weld is increased, the melting point of the oxide is higher than the molten steel temperature, and the oxide remains in the ERW weld. It becomes easy.
- the total of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, and Cr contained in inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more among inclusions present in the ERW weld easily exceeds 16 ppm.
- the toughness and HIC resistance of the electro-welded welded portion are reduced.
- the Si content exceeds 0.50%, the Si concentration in the eutectic oxide in the ERW welded portion increases, the viscosity increases, the amount of oxide generated increases, and the ERW welding is performed. The oxide tends to remain in the part.
- the Si content is limited to the range of 0.10 to 0.50%. Preferably, the content is 0.15 to 0.35%.
- Mn 0.40 to 2.10%
- Mn is an element that contributes to increasing the strength of steel pipes by solid solution strengthening and transformation toughening. Further, Mn has a stronger affinity for O than Fe in the ERW weld, and forms a eutectic oxide having a high viscosity together with the Si oxide.
- the content of Mn is less than 0.40%, the Si concentration in the eutectic oxide in the ERW weld is increased, the melting point of the oxide is higher than the molten steel temperature, and the viscosity is increased. The oxide tends to remain on the surface. For this reason, the total of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, etc.
- inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more among the inclusions present in the ERW welded portion tends to be higher than 16 ppm. Toughness and HIC resistance are reduced.
- Mn content exceeds 2.10%, the Mn concentration in the eutectic oxide in the ERW weld becomes high, the melting point of the oxide becomes higher than the molten steel temperature, and the amount of oxide produced is large. At the same time, oxide tends to remain in the ERW weld.
- the Mn content is limited to the range of 0.40 to 2.10%.
- the content is 0.85 to 1.65%.
- Si and Mn are contained so as to be in the above-described content range and Mn / Si to be in the range of 6.0 to 9.0.
- Mn / Si represents a mass ratio (Mn content / Si content).
- the oxide generated during ERW welding is a Si-Mn-based oxide
- adjusting Mn / Si within a predetermined range is an important factor for keeping the viscosity of the generated oxide below a predetermined value. It becomes.
- Mn / Si is less than 6.0
- the Si content is large and a large amount of molten silicate having a network structure is formed, and the viscosity of the oxide generated during the electric resistance welding cannot be reduced to 2 poise or less.
- Mn / Si increases beyond 9.0, the Mn content increases too much, and the melting point of the oxide exceeds the molten steel temperature.
- the total of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, and Cr contained in the inclusions of 8 ⁇ m or more is higher than 16 ppm.
- Mn / Si is adjusted to be in the range of 6.0 to 9.0, and Si and Mn are contained. It is preferably 6.2 to 8.8.
- Al 0.01 to 0.35%
- Al is an element that acts as a deoxidizer. Moreover, Al precipitates as AlN, suppresses the growth of austenite grains, and contributes to securing toughness.
- Al has an affinity for O (oxygen) more than Si and Mn, and forms an oxide in a form of solid solution in a Mn—Si eutectic oxide such as 2MnO ⁇ SiO 2 (Tephroite). If the Al content is less than 0.01%, the deoxidation ability is insufficient, the cleanness of the steel is lowered, and inclusions (oxides) tend to remain in the ERW welds. The total of Si, Mn, Al, etc.
- the Al content is limited to the range of 0.01 to 0.35%. Note that the content is preferably 0.03 to 0.08%.
- the ERW steel pipe of the present invention further includes Ca: 0.0001 to 0.0040%, and / or Cr: 0.01 to 1.09%, and / or Cu: One selected from 0.01 to 0.35%, Mo: 0.01 to 0.25%, Ni: 0.01 to 0.20%, B: 0.001 to 0.0030% or 2 or more, and / or one or two selected from Nb: 0.001 to 0.060%, V: 0.001 to 0.060%, Ti: 0.001 to 0.080% More than one species can be selected and contained as necessary.
- Ca 0.0001 to 0.0040%
- Ca has a function of controlling the sulfide in the steel in a spherical shape, and improves hydrogen embrittlement resistance and toughness in the vicinity of the ERW weld of the steel pipe. Such an effect is recognized when the Ca content is 0.0001% or more. If the Ca content exceeds 0.0040%, the affinity between Ca and O is strong, so the Ca concentration in the oxide increases, the melting point of the oxide becomes higher than the molten steel temperature, and the amount of oxide produced increases. The oxide tends to remain in the electro-welded weld. For this reason, the total of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, etc.
- the Ca content is preferably limited to a range of 0.0001 to 0.0040%. More preferably, the content is 0.0002 to 0.0035%.
- Cr 0.01 to 1.09% Cr, like Mn, is an element that contributes to increasing the strength of steel pipes by solid solution strengthening and transformation strengthening.
- Cr has an affinity for O (oxygen) higher than that of Fe in the ERW weld, and forms an oxide. Such an effect is recognized when the Cr content is 0.01% or more.
- the Cr content exceeds 1.09%, the Cr concentration in the oxide increases, the melting point of the oxide becomes higher than the molten steel temperature, and the amount of oxide generated increases, and the oxide is formed in the ERW weld. Tends to remain. For this reason, the total of Si, Mn, Al, Cr, etc.
- the Cr content is preferably limited to a range of 0.01 to 1.09%. More preferably, it is 0.02 to 0.99%.
- Species or two or more types Cu, Mo, Ni and B are all elements contained for improving hydrogen embrittlement resistance and increasing steel pipe strength.
- steel pipe strength means the tensile strength TS and the yield stress YS.
- the ERW steel pipe of the present invention can contain the above-described elements as necessary. Such effects are such that the Cu content is 0.01% or more, the Mo content is 0.01% or more, the Ni content is 0.01% or more, and the B content is 0.0001% or more. It becomes remarkable by satisfying either.
- the Cu content exceeds 0.35%
- the Mo content exceeds 0.25%
- the Ni content exceeds 0.20%
- the B content exceeds 0.0030%.
- the effect obtained by the inclusion of the above elements is saturated, and an effect commensurate with the content cannot be expected, which is economically disadvantageous. Therefore, when the above elements are contained, the Cu content is 0.01 to 0.35%, the Mo content is 0.01 to 0.25%, and the Ni content is It is preferable to limit the content of B to 0.01 to 0.20% and the content of B to 0.0001 to 0.0030%. More preferably, the Cu content is 0.05 to 0.29%, the Mo content is 0.05 to 0.21%, the Ni content is 0.02 to 0.16%, The content is 0.0005 to 0.0020%.
- Nb 0.001 to 0.060%
- V 0.001 to 0.060%
- Ti 0.001 to 0.080% Nb
- V and Ti are Both are elements that mainly form carbide and increase the strength of the steel pipe by precipitation strengthening.
- the ERW steel pipe of the present invention can contain the above-described elements as necessary. Such an effect becomes conspicuous when the Nb content is 0.001% or more, the V content is 0.001% or more, and the Ti content is 0.001% or more.
- the Nb content exceeds 0.060%, the V content exceeds 0.060%, and the Ti content exceeds 0.080%, an undissolved large-sized carbonitride (Carbonitride) remains in the ERW weld and reduces the toughness of the ERW weld. Therefore, when the above elements are contained, the Nb content is 0.001 to 0.060%, the V content is 0.001 to 0.060%, and the Ti content is 0.001. It is preferable to limit to the range of ⁇ 0.080%. More preferably, the Nb content is 0.005 to 0.050%, the V content is 0.005 to 0.050%, and the Ti content is 0.005 to 0.040%.
- the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
- P 0.020% or less
- S 0.005% or less
- N 0.005% or less
- O 0.003% or less are allowed.
- the electric resistance welded steel pipe of the present invention has the above-described composition, has a tensile strength TS: 434 MPa or more, and includes inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more among inclusions present in the electric resistance welded portion.
- the total amount of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, and Cr contained in the steel sheet is 16% or less by mass% with respect to the total amount of the ERW welded portion including the ground iron.
- the viscosity of the oxide generated during ERW welding is low, and the melting point of the oxide is lower than the molten steel temperature.
- the total amount of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, and Cr contained in the inclusion which exists in this ERW welding part and whose equivalent circle diameter is 8 ⁇ m or more is 16 ppm or less.
- the total amount of Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr contained in inclusions present in the ERW weld and having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more uses the value obtained as follows. To do. From the ERW steel pipe, 2mm wide plate specimens for electrolytic extraction (plate specimen for electrolytic extraction) are collected from the ERW weld, and the inclusions are made with 10% AA solution as the electrolyte solution. The electrolytic extract (inclusion) obtained by electrolytic extraction from the test piece was filtered using a filter having a mesh size of 8 ⁇ m. Next, the filtered electrolytic extract (inclusion with an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more) is further alkali-fused and subjected to ICP analysis (Inductively Coupled Plasma analysis).
- ICP analysis Inductively Coupled Plasma analysis
- Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr contained in the sample were analyzed, and the total content of Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr in inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more was derived. Elements that are not included in the ERW steel pipe are treated as zero.
- a steel material (slab) having the above composition is heated and hot-rolled to obtain a steel strip having a predetermined thickness (hot-rolled steel strip).
- the steel strip is continuously roll-formed to form a substantially cylindrical open tube.
- the vicinity of the butt portion of the open pipe is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, and electric resistance welding is performed by press-contacting with a squeeze roll to form an electric resistance welding portion, thereby forming an electric resistance steel pipe.
- Roll forming by the cage roll method refers to roll forming of a method in which small rolls called cage rolls are arranged side by side on the tube outer surface side and formed smoothly.
- CBR type roll forming (chance-free bulgeanceroll forming process) is preferable.
- CBR roll forming both edges of the steel strip are pre-formed with edge bend rolls, then the center of the steel strip is bent with a center bend roll and a cage roll, and the oblong oval shape is formed.
- the steel pipe is stretched (stretched) by reducing-rolling. forming) and bending of the overbend part (bend ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and return forming) to form a circular blank (see Kawasaki Steel Technical Report, vol.32 (2000), p49-53).
- strain applied to the strip (steel strip) during molding can be minimized, and deterioration of material characteristics due to work hardening can be suppressed.
- the roll forming may be performed by a break-down method.
- a tapered groove (tapered groove) is applied to both end faces in the width direction of the hot-rolled steel strip.
- the groove is preferably applied to the width end of the steel strip by forming using a fin pass roll during roll forming.
- the taper groove to be given is the distance in the thickness direction of the hot-rolled steel strip between the taper start position and the surface that becomes the pipe outer surface (the taper end position (ending location of taper) on the pipe outer surface side) (a in FIG. 3) And the sum of the distance in the thickness direction of the hot-rolled steel strip (b in FIG. 3) between the taper start position and the surface (taper end position on the pipe inner surface side) that becomes the pipe inner surface is the hot-rolled steel strip thickness (steel)
- the taper groove is preferably 2 to 80% of the thickness of the belt.
- channel provided to be made into the shape which shows an example in FIG. 3, for example related to the oxidization degree foxy defined by following (1) Formula.
- the average tilt angle ⁇ (°) shown in FIG. 3 is preferably set to an angle satisfying the following expression (2) in relation to the oxidization degree f oxy of the molten steel.
- the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere during ERW welding and / or the time from the start of melting to the pressure welding due to heating during ERW welding is set so that the viscosity of the oxide generated during ERW welding is 2 poise or less. adjust.
- the method for reducing the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere of ERW welding is not particularly limited.
- a method is conceivable in which an electro-welded weld is sealed with a box structure and a non-oxidizing gas is supplied. It is to be noted that supplying the non-oxidizing gas with a nozzle having a multilayer structure such as three layers (nozzle) so that the gas has a laminar airflow can reduce the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere. Important to keep.
- the measurement of the oxygen concentration is preferably performed in the vicinity of the ERW weld using an oxygen meter.
- the time from the end surface in the steel strip width direction to the pressure welding is 0.2 s to 4 s. Is desirable. If the time from the start of melting to pressure welding by heating during electric resistance welding is less than 0.2 s, the molten steel temperature becomes low and the viscosity of the oxide does not become 2 poise or less, so that the generated oxide remains in the electric resistance welding portion. It becomes easy.
- the time from the start of melting to the pressure welding by heating at the time of ERW welding exceeds 4 s, the amount of oxide generated increases, and the amount of molten silicate in the oxide (amount of molton silicate) increases and is generated. Oxide tends to remain in the ERW weld. For this reason, it is preferable that the time from the start of melting to the pressure welding by heating at the time of electric resistance welding is in the range of 0.2 to 4 s. In addition, the viscosity of the oxide produced
- the ERW welded portion of the ERW steel pipe obtained by the above method is then subjected to online heat treatment.
- the toughness of the ERW weld is affected by the base phase (matrix matrix) in addition to the inclusions (oxide) present in the ERW weld.
- the ERW welded portion is heated under the condition that the average temperature in the thickness direction of the ERW welded portion is in the range of 720 to 1070 ° C., and then air-cooled or water-cooled to a temperature range of 500 ° C. or lower.
- the heat treatment heat treatment (heating-cooling treatment) is preferably performed online.
- the on-line heat treatment means, but it is preferable to use induction heating. Thereby, the low temperature toughness of an electric-welding welding part improves.
- the quenching structure hard structure
- the low temperature toughness is lowered.
- the preferable average heating temperature in the thickness direction during the heat treatment is 770 to 1020 ° C.
- a tempering in which the temperature is lower than 720 ° C. and air-cooled may be performed.
- heat treatment heat-cooling treatment
- the low temperature toughness of the ERW weld is further improved.
- a steel material (slab: thickness 250 mm) having the composition shown in Table 1 is heated to 1260 ° C., soaked for 90 minutes, then subjected to rough rolling, and finish rolling temperature (finish rolling temperature): 850 ° C. Then, finish rolling was performed at a coiling temperature of 580 ° C. to obtain a hot-rolled steel strip (sheet thickness: 19.1 mm).
- taper portions having an average inclination angle ⁇ ° shown in Table 2 were formed on the outer surface side and the inner surface side using a fin pass roll.
- the taper portion was formed at a ratio of 20 to 40% with respect to the total thickness from the outer surface and the inner surface (the outer surface side corresponds to “a” in FIG. 3 and the inner surface side corresponds to “b” in FIG. 3). Corresponding to).
- the tapered portion was not formed.
- N 2 gas is blown using a nozzle with 3 nozzles to reduce the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere to 30 to 65 ppm by volume, and adjust the atmosphere during ERW welding. It was. In the other ERW steel pipes, the atmosphere in the atmosphere was maintained. The oxygen concentration in the ERW weld was measured by bringing the probe of the oximeter close to the ERW weld.
- heating-cooling treatment (heat treatment) (Seam QT) of the ERW weld as shown in Table 2 was performed with an online high-frequency heating device (radio-frequency heating-apparatus).
- the cooling was water cooling.
- a heating / cooling process (heat treatment: tempering process) was performed by heating to 500 ° C. with an on-line high-frequency heating apparatus and cooling with air.
- the viscosity (temperature: 1550 ° C.) of the oxide generated during the electric resistance welding was obtained from the oxide composition generated during the electric resistance welding using the formula (1), and was also shown in Table 2.
- FIG. 4 shows the influence of the relationship between the composition of the hot-rolled steel sheet (Mn / Si) and the time from the start of melting of the steel sheet edge to the pressure welding on the oxide composition.
- the total amount of Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr contained in inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more contained in the ERW welded portion was measured for the obtained ERW steel pipe.
- a tensile test piece was collected from the base material portion of the obtained ERW steel pipe, and a tensile test was performed to determine the tensile properties (yield strength YS, tensile strength TS) of the base material.
- the test piece was extract
- the test method was as follows.
- the filtered electrolytic extract (inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more) is further melted with alkali and subjected to ICP analysis to analyze Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr contained in the inclusions. did.
- the total amount of these elements was defined as the total content of Si, Mn, Al, Ca and Cr in inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more, and expressed in mass% with respect to the total amount of ERW welds including the base iron. Elements that are not included in the ERW steel pipe are treated as zero.
- V-notch test The Charpy impact test piece (V-notch test) was conducted from the ERW welded part of the obtained ERW steel pipe in the circumferential direction of the pipe around the ERW welded part in accordance with JIS Z 2242. Piece: Sub-size test piece with tube thickness) was collected. In addition, the notch was confirmed by etching and made the center of the ERW weld. Using the obtained Charpy impact test piece (V-notch test piece), an impact test was carried out to determine the absorbed energy. The test temperature was ⁇ 60 ° C., each of the three was tested, and the arithmetic average was taken as the absorbed energy value of the ERW welded part of each ERW steel pipe.
- CTOD test A CTOD specimen was collected from the ERW welded portion of the obtained ERW steel pipe in accordance with the provisions of WES 1108 (1995), and fatigue precrack was formed at the center of the ERW welded portion. ), A three-point bending test was conducted at a test temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C., and the critical crack opening displacement (CTOD) value until brittle cracks were generated was determined. (Fracture toughness) was evaluated.
- HIC resistance test From the ERW welded part of the obtained ERW steel pipe, the test piece length direction is the pipe axis direction, and the L cross section of the ERW welded part is the center in the width direction. (Size: 10 mm thickness x 20 mm width x 100 mm length) was sampled and an HIC test was performed. The HIC test was a test in which the test piece was immersed in Solution A solution (0.5% CH 3 COOH + 5% NaCl + saturated H 2 S) defined by NACE TM0284 for 200 hours. After immersion, the L cross section of the ERW weld was ultrasonically detected, and the area ratio (CAR) of the crack was determined by image processing.
- Solution A solution (0.5% CH 3 COOH + 5% NaCl + saturated H 2 S
- the viscosity of oxide generated during ERW welding is 2 poise or less, and the total of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, Cr contained in inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more in ERW welds.
- a solution environment of ERW welded part is 3% or less, and ERW welded part
- the absorbed energy vE -60 in the Charpy impact test at ⁇ 60 ° C. exceeds 120 J, and the CTOD value is 0.3 mm or more.
- the examples of the present invention are ERW steel pipes having excellent HIC resistance, low temperature toughness, and fracture toughness values.
- the comparative example which is out of the scope of the present invention is an interstitial strength TS: less than 434 MPa, or the viscosity of the oxide generated at the time of ERW welding exceeds 2 poise, and the equivalent circle diameter of the ERW weld is 8 ⁇ m or more.
- the viscosity of the oxide generated during ERW welding is 2 poise.
- the total of Si, Mn, Al, Ca, Cr contained in inclusions with an equivalent circle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more in the ERW part exceeds 16 ppm, and the CAR after 200 h immersion in the NACE Solution A solution environment exceeds 3% , VE- 60 is less than 120 J and CTOD value is less than 0.3 mm.
- the comparative example (ERW pipe No.6, No.7, No.16, No.17) has not ensured the desired characteristic.
- the comparative example (electric-resistance-welded steel pipe No. 26) in which the amount of C deviates from the scope of the present invention is low and the tensile strength TS is less than 434 MPa, and the predetermined strength cannot be secured.
- Comparative examples (ERW pipes No. 27, No. 29, No. 31, No. 33, No. 34, where any one of the contents of C, Si, Mn, Al, Ca, Cr deviates from the scope of the present invention are high.
- the CAR after 200 h immersion in the NACE Solution A solution environment exceeds 3%, the vE- 60 is less than 120 J, and the CTOD value is less than 0.3 mm.
- the comparative example (ERW pipe No. 27, No.
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Abstract
Description
ここで、T:絶対温度(K),
AR:exp{-19.81+1.73(XCaO+XMnO)-35.75XAl2O3}
BR:31140-23896×{(XCaO+XMnO)+68833XAl2O3}
XCaO、XMnO、XAl2O3:酸化物中のCaO、MnO、Al2O3の各々のモル分率
なお、粘度の算出には電縫溶接時の温度:1550℃について得られたモル分率を用いた。また、電縫溶接時に生成する酸化物の組成は、電縫鋼管の素材である熱延鋼板の組成と、鋼板端部の溶接から圧接までの時間によって決まる。
foxy=Mn+10(Si+Cr)+100Al+1000Ca ‥‥(1)
ここで、Mn、Si、Cr、AlおよびCa:各元素の含有量(質量%)
(10)(6)ないし(9)のいずれかにおいて、前記電縫溶接部に施す前記熱処理を、該電縫溶接部の肉厚方向の平均温度で加熱温度:720~1070℃に加熱し、ついで空冷(air cooling)または水冷する処理と、あるいはさらに該電縫溶接部の肉厚方向の平均温度で加熱温度:720℃未満に加熱し空冷する処理とすることを特徴とする電縫鋼管の製造方法。
Cは、パーライト(pearlite)、セメンタイト(cementite)、ベイナイト(bainite)、マルテンサイト(martensite)など硬質相(hard phase)の形成を介して鋼管の強度を増加させる元素である。本発明では所望の強度(引張強さ434MPa以上)を確保するために、Cを0.03%以上含有することが好ましい。また、Cは、電縫溶接時に、溶鋼の融点(melting point)を低下させる元素である。そして、Cは、大気(air)中のO2との反応によるCO形成を通じて、電縫溶接時の酸化物の形成に影響を及ぼす元素である。Cの含有量が0.59%を超えると、融点の低下に伴い、電縫溶接部の溶鋼の凝固温度(solidification temperature)が低下し、溶鋼の粘度が上昇するため、酸化物が排出されにくくなる。このようなことから、Cの含有量は0.03~0.59%の範囲に限定する。なお、好ましくは0.04~0.49%である。
Siは、固溶強化(solute strengthening)により、鋼管の強度を増加させる作用を有する元素である。また、Siは、電縫溶接部ではFeよりもO(酸素)との親和力(affinity)が強く、Mn酸化物とともに粘度の高い共晶酸化物(eutectic oxide)を形成する。Siの含有量が0.10%未満では、電縫溶接部における共晶酸化物中のMn濃度が高くなり、酸化物の融点が溶鋼温度より高くなり、酸化物として電縫溶接部に残存しやすくなる。このため、電縫溶接部に存在する介在物のうち、円相当径(equivalent circle diameter)8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al、CaおよびCrの合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性および耐HIC性が低下する。一方、Siの含有量が0.50%を超えると、電縫溶接部における共晶酸化物中のSi濃度が高くなり、粘度が高くなり、酸化物の生成量が多くなるとともに、電縫溶接部に酸化物が残存しやすくなる。このため、電縫溶接部に存在する介在物のうち、円相当径8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al、CaおよびCrの合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性および耐HIC性が低下する。このようなことから、Siの含有量は0.10~0.50%の範囲に限定する。なお、好ましくは0.15~0.35%である。
Mnは、固溶強化と変態強化(transformation toughening)により、鋼管の強度増加に寄与する元素である。また、Mnは、電縫溶接部ではFeよりもOとの親和力が強く、Si酸化物とともに粘度の高い共晶酸化物を形成する。Mnの含有量が、0.40%未満では、電縫溶接部における共晶酸化物中のSi濃度が高くなり、酸化物の融点が溶鋼温度より高くなり粘度も高くなって、電縫溶接部に酸化物が残存しやすくなる。このため、電縫溶接部に存在する介在物のうち、円相当径8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al、Ca等の合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性および耐HIC性が低下する。一方、Mnの含有量が2.10%を超えると、電縫溶接部における共晶酸化物中のMn濃度が高くなり、酸化物の融点が溶鋼温度より高くなり、酸化物の生成量が多くなるとともに電縫溶接部に酸化物が残存しやすくなる。このため、介在物のうち、円相当径8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、AlおよびCa等の合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性および耐HIC性が低下する。このようなことから、Mnの含有量は0.40~2.10%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは0.85~1.65%である。
Alは、脱酸剤として作用する元素である。また、Alは、AlNとして析出してオーステナイト粒(austenite grain)の成長を抑制し、靭性の確保に寄与する。また、Alは、Si、MnよりもO(酸素)との親和力が強く、2MnO・SiO2(Tephroite)などのMn-Si系共晶酸化物に固溶する形で酸化物を形成する。Alの含有量が0.01%未満では、脱酸能(deoxidation ability)が不足し、鋼の清浄度(cleanness)が低下し、電縫溶接部に介在物(酸化物)が残存しやすくなり、電縫溶接部に存在する介在物のうち円相当径で8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al等の合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性および耐HIC性が低下する。一方、0.35%を超えて多量にAlを含有すると、共晶酸化物中のAl濃度が高くなり、酸化物の融点が溶鋼温度より高くなり、電縫溶接部に酸化物が残存しやすくなる。このため、電縫溶接部に存在する介在物のうち、円相当径8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al等の合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性、耐HIC性が低下する。このようなことから、Alの含有量は0.01~0.35%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは0.03~0.08%である。
Caは、鋼中の硫化物(sulfide)を球状に形態制御(morphology control)する作用を有し、鋼管の電縫溶接部近傍の耐水素脆性(hydrogen embrittlement resistance)および靭性を向上させる。このような効果は0.0001%以上のCaの含有で認められる。Caの含有量が0.0040%を超えると、CaとOとの親和力が強いため、酸化物中のCa濃度が増加し、酸化物の融点が溶鋼温度より高くなり酸化物の生成量が増加し電縫溶接部に酸化物が残存しやすくなる。このため、電縫溶接部に存在する介在物のうち円相当径8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al、Ca等の合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性、耐HIC性が低下する。このようなことから、Caを含有する場合、Caの含有量は0.0001~0.0040%の範囲に限定することが好ましい。なお、より好ましくは0.0002~0.0035%である。
Crは、Mnと同様に、固溶強化と変態強化により、鋼管の強度増加に寄与する元素である。また、Crは、電縫溶接部ではFeよりもO(酸素)との親和力が強く、酸化物を形成する。このような効果は、Crの含有量が0.01%以上の場合に認められる。一方、Crの含有量が1.09%を超えると、酸化物中のCr濃度が増加し、酸化物の融点が溶鋼温度より高くなり酸化物の生成量が増加し電縫溶接部に酸化物が残存しやすくなる。このため、電縫溶接部に存在する介在物のうち円相当径8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al、Cr等の合計が16ppmを超えて高くなりやすく、電縫溶接部の靭性、耐HIC性が低下する。このようなことから、Crを含有する場合、Crの含有量は0.01~1.09%の範囲に限定することが好ましい。なお、より好ましくは0.02~0.99%である。
Cu、Mo、NiおよびBはいずれも、耐水素脆性の向上と、鋼管強度の増加を図るために含有する元素である。なお、鋼管強度とは引張強さTS及び降伏応力YSを意味する。本発明の電縫鋼管は、必要に応じて上記元素を含有できる。このような効果は、Cuの含有量が0.01%以上、Moの含有量が0.01%以上、Niの含有量が0.01%以上、Bの含有量が0.0001%以上のいずれかを満たすことで顕著となる。一方、Cuの含有量が0.35%超え、Moの含有量が0.25%超え、Niの含有量が0.20%超え、Bの含有量が0.0030%超えのいずれかを満たすと、上記元素の含有により得られる効果が飽和し、含有量に見合う効果が期待できなくなり、経済的に不利となる。このようなことから、上記元素を含有する場合には、それぞれ、Cuの含有量は0.01~0.35%、Moの含有量は0.01~0.25%、Niの含有量は0.01~0.20%、Bの含有量は0.0001~0.0030%の範囲に限定することが好ましい。なお、より好ましくは、Cuの含有量は0.05~0.29%、Moの含有量は0.05~0.21%、Niの含有量は0.02~0.16%、Bの含有量は0.0005~0.0020%である。
Nb、VおよびTiは、いずれも、主として炭化物(carbide)を形成し、析出強化(precipitation strengthening)により鋼管の強度を増加させる元素である。本発明の電縫鋼管は、必要に応じて上記元素を含有できる。このような効果は、Nbの含有量が0.001%以上、Vの含有量が0.001%以上、Tiの含有量が0.001%以上のいずれかを満たすことで顕著となる。一方、Nbの含有量が0.060%超え、Vの含有量が0.060%超え、Tiの含有量が0.080%超えのいずれかを満たすと、未固溶の大型の炭窒化物(carbonitride)が電縫溶接部に残存し、電縫溶接部の靭性を低下させる。このため、上記元素を含有する場合には、それぞれ、Nbの含有量は0.001~0.060%、Vの含有量は0.001~0.060%、Tiの含有量は0.001~0.080%の範囲に限定することが好ましい。なお、より好ましくはNbの含有量は0.005~0.050%、Vの含有量は0.005~0.050%、Tiの含有量は0.005~0.040%である。
(ここで、Mn、Si、Cr、AlおよびCa:各元素の含有量(質量%))
また、図3に示す平均傾斜角(average tilt angle)α(°)は、溶鋼の易酸化度foxyに関連して次(2)式を満足する角度とすることが好ましい。
この範囲の平均傾斜角αを有するテーパ部を形成することにより、鋼帯の端部の過加熱が抑制され、形成された介在物(酸化物)が圧接に伴い、鋼帯の上下方向に排出される。このため、電縫溶接部に存在する円相当径で8μm以上の介在物中のSi、MnおよびAl等の合計量が16ppm以下となる。なお、平均傾斜角αが(2)式を外れるテーパ部では、酸化物の排出促進の効果が薄れる。また、テーパ部は、直線に限定されず、任意の曲線としてもよい。
(ここで、Mn、Si、Cr、Al、Ca:各元素の含有量(質量%))
電縫溶接の雰囲気中の酸素濃度を低減する方法は、とくに限定されない。例えば、電縫溶接部を箱型構造でシーリング(sealing)し、非酸化性ガス(non-oxidizing gas)を供給する方法が考えられる。なお、非酸化性ガスの供給を、3層などの多層構造(multilayer structure)のノズル(nozzle)で行い、ガスが層流(laminar airflow)となるようにすることが、雰囲気の酸素濃度を低く保つために、重要となる。酸素濃度の測定は、酸素濃度計(oxygen meter)を用いて、電縫溶接部近傍で行うことが好ましい。一方、電縫溶接時の雰囲気中の酸素濃度が、体積%で、(1000/foxy)ppmを超えて高くなると、電縫溶接時に生成する酸化物の量が多くなり、電縫溶接部に存在する、円相当径8μm以下の介在物中のSi、Mn、Al、Ca、Crの合計含有量が、16ppmを超えて多くなり、耐HIC性、および低温靭性が低下する。このため、電縫溶接時の雰囲気酸素濃度を調整する場合には、体積%で(1000/foxy)ppm以下に調整することとした。
得られた電縫鋼管から、電縫溶接部を中心として、幅2mmの電解抽出用板状試験片を採取した。これら板状試験片を、10%AA液中で電解処理し、介在物を電解抽出した。得られた電解抽出物(介在物)を、穴径8μm以下のメッシュのフィルターを用いて、濾過した。ついで、濾過された電解抽出物(円相当径8μm以上の介在物)を、さらに、アルカリ融解し、ICP分析を実施して、介在物中に含まれるSi、Mn、Al、CaおよびCrを分析した。それら元素の合計量を、円相当径8μm以上の介在物中のSi、Mn、Al、CaおよびCrの合計含有量とし、地鉄を含む電縫溶接部全量に対する質量%で表示した。なお、電縫鋼管に含まれない元素は零として扱うものとする。
得られた電縫鋼管の母材部から、管軸方向が引張方向となるように、JIS Z 2201の規定に準拠して、JIS 12C号試験片(弧状引張試験片)を採取し、JIS Z 2241の規定に準拠して引張試験を実施し、引張特性(降伏強さYS、引張強さTS)を求めた。
得られた電縫鋼管の電縫溶接部から、JIS Z 2242の規定に準拠して、電縫溶接部を中心として管円周方向に、シャルピー衝撃試験片(Vノッチ試験片:管肉厚のサブサイズ試験片)を採取した。なお、ノッチはエッチングにより確認し、電縫溶接部中心とした。得られたシャルピー衝撃試験片(Vノッチ試験片)を用いて、衝撃試験を実施し、吸収エネルギーを求めた。試験温度は-60℃とし、各3本を試験し、その算術平均を、各電縫鋼管の電縫溶接部の吸収エネルギー値とした。
得られた電縫鋼管の電縫溶接部から、WES 1108(1995)の規定に準拠して、CTOD試験片を採取し、電縫溶接部の中央に疲労予亀裂(fatigue precrack)を導入し、試験温度:-20℃で、3点曲げ試験を実施し、脆性亀裂(brittle crack)が発生するまでの限界亀裂開口変位(CTOD)値を求め、電縫溶接部の破壊靭性(fracture toughness)を評価した。
得られた電縫鋼管の電縫溶接部から、試験片長さ方向が管軸方向で、電縫溶接部のL断面が、幅方向の中央となるようにHIC試験片(大きさ:10mm厚×20mm幅×100mm長さ)を採取し、HIC試験を実施した。HIC試験は、試験片をNACE TM0284規定のSolution A液(0.5%CH3COOH+5%NaCl+飽和H2S)に、200h浸漬する試験とした。浸漬後、電縫溶接部のL断面を超音波探傷し、割れ部の面積率(CAR)を画像処理により求めた。
Claims (14)
- 質量%で、C:0.03~0.59%、Si:0.10~0.50%、Mn:0.40~2.10%及びAl:0.01~0.35%を含有し、かつSi、MnをMn/Si(質量比)が6.0~9.0の範囲になるように調整して含み、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有し、引張強さTS:434MPa以上の強度を有する電縫鋼管であって、
該電縫鋼管の電縫溶接部に存在する、円相当径8μm以上の介在物に含まれるSi、Mn、Al、Ca、Crの合計量が、地鉄を含む幅2mmの電縫溶接部全量に対する質量%で16ppm以下であり、
該電縫溶接部が優れた耐HIC特性と優れた低温靭性とを兼備することを特徴とする電縫鋼管。 - 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Ca:0.0001~0.0040%を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電縫鋼管。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cr:0.01~1.09%を含有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電縫鋼管。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cu:0.01~0.35%、Mo:0.01~0.25%、Ni:0.01~0.20%及びB:0.0001~0.0030%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Nb:0.001~0.060%、V:0.001~0.060%及びTi:0.001~0.080%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管。
- 熱延鋼帯を、連続的にロール成形して略円形断面のオープン管としたのち、該オープン管の突合せ部近傍を融点以上に加熱しスクイズロールで圧接する電縫溶接を行って電縫溶接部を形成し、ついで該電縫溶接部にオンラインでの熱処理を施す電縫鋼管の製造方法であって、
前記熱延鋼帯を、質量%で、C:0.03~0.59%、Si:0.10~0.50%、Mn:0.40~2.10%及びAl:0.01~0.35%を含有し、かつSi、MnをMn/Siが6.0~9.0の範囲になるように調整して含み、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有し、引張強さTS:434MPa以上の強度を有する熱延鋼帯とし、
前記電縫溶接を、該電縫溶接時に生成する酸化物の粘度が2poise以下となるように、電縫溶接時の雰囲気中の酸素濃度および/または前記加熱による溶融開始から前記圧接までの時間を調整して行い、
前記電縫溶接部が優れた耐HIC特性と優れた低温靭性とを兼備することを特徴とする電縫鋼管の製造方法。 - 前記ロール成形のフィンパス成形において、前記熱延鋼帯の幅方向両端面に、テーパー開始位置と管外面となる表面あるいは管内面となる表面との熱延鋼帯板厚方向の距離の和が熱延鋼帯板厚の2~80%となるテーパー開先を付与することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
- 前記加熱による溶融開始から前記圧接までの時間を0.2~4sとすることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
- 前記電縫溶接が、前記電縫溶接時の雰囲気中の酸素濃度を、下記(1)式で定義される溶鋼の易酸化度foxyに関連して、体積%で1000/foxy ppm以下に調整した溶接であることを特徴とする請求項6ないし8のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
記
foxy=Mn+10(Si+Cr)+100Al+1000Ca ‥‥(1)
ここで、Mn、Si、Cr、Al、Ca:各元素の含有量(質量%) - 前記電縫溶接部に施す前記熱処理を、該電縫溶接部の肉厚方向平均温度で加熱温度:720~1070℃に加熱し、ついで空冷または水冷する処理と、あるいはさらに該電縫溶接部の肉厚方向平均温度で加熱温度:720℃未満に加熱し空冷する処理とすることを特徴とする請求項6ないし9のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Ca:0.0001~0.0040%を含有することを特徴とする請求項6ないし10のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cr:0.01~1.09%を含有することを特徴とする請求項6ないし11のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cu:0.01~0.35%、Mo:0.01~0.25%、Ni:0.01~0.20%及びB:0.0001~0.0030%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項6ないし12のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Nb:0.001~0.060%、V:0.001~0.060%及びTi:0.001~0.080%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項6ないし13のいずれかに記載の電縫鋼管の製造方法。
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US14/430,771 US9873164B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2013-09-20 | Electric resistance welded steel pipe or steel tube having excellent HIC resistance and low-temperature toughness in electric resistance welded part, and method for manufacturing the same |
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CN104641014B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
RU2015115469A (ru) | 2016-11-20 |
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RU2630725C2 (ru) | 2017-09-12 |
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