WO2014038335A1 - パラレルフロー型熱交換器及びそれを搭載した空気調和機 - Google Patents
パラレルフロー型熱交換器及びそれを搭載した空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014038335A1 WO2014038335A1 PCT/JP2013/071301 JP2013071301W WO2014038335A1 WO 2014038335 A1 WO2014038335 A1 WO 2014038335A1 JP 2013071301 W JP2013071301 W JP 2013071301W WO 2014038335 A1 WO2014038335 A1 WO 2014038335A1
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- heat exchanger
- refrigerant
- flat tubes
- air conditioner
- parallel flow
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05375—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0059—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
- F24F1/0067—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers by the shape of the heat exchangers or of parts thereof, e.g. of their fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
- F24F1/18—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units characterised by their shape
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
- F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
- F28D2021/007—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
- F28D2021/0071—Evaporators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a side flow type parallel flow heat exchanger and an air conditioner equipped with the same.
- a parallel flow type heat in which a plurality of flat tubes are arranged between a plurality of header pipes so that a plurality of refrigerant passages in the flat tubes communicate with the inside of the header pipe, and fins such as corrugated fins are arranged between the flat tubes.
- Exchangers are widely used in outdoor units of car air conditioners and building air conditioners.
- FIG. 1 An example of the structure of a parallel flow type heat exchanger is shown in FIG.
- the upper side of the paper is the upper side of the heat exchanger
- the lower side of the paper is the lower side of the heat exchanger.
- the parallel flow type heat exchanger 1 is a side flow type, and includes two vertical header pipes 2 and 3 and a plurality of horizontal flat tubes 4 disposed therebetween.
- the header pipes 2 and 3 are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction at intervals, and the flat tubes 4 are arranged at a predetermined pitch in the vertical direction. Since the heat exchanger 1 is installed at various angles according to design requirements at the stage of actually mounting on equipment, the “vertical direction” and “horizontal direction” in this specification should not be strictly interpreted. It should be understood as a mere measure of direction.
- the flat tube 4 is an elongated molded product obtained by extruding a metal, and as shown in FIG. 2, a refrigerant passage 5 through which a refrigerant flows is formed. Since the flat tube 4 is disposed so that the extrusion direction, which is the longitudinal direction, is horizontal, the refrigerant flow direction of the refrigerant passage 5 is also horizontal. A plurality of refrigerant passages 4 having the same cross-sectional shape and the same cross-sectional area are arranged in the left-right direction in FIG. Therefore, the vertical cross section of the flat tube 4 has a harmonica shape. Each refrigerant passage 5 communicates with the inside of the header pipes 2 and 3.
- the fin 6 is attached to the flat surface of the flat tube 4.
- corrugated fins are used as the fins 6, but plate fins may be used.
- the side plate 7 is disposed outside the uppermost and lowermost fins.
- the header pipes 2 and 3, the flat tubes 4, the fins 6, and the side plates 7 are all made of a metal having good heat conduction such as aluminum, the flat tubes 4 are for the header pipes 2 and 3, and the fins 6 are for the flat tubes 4.
- the side plate 7 is fixed to the fin 6 by brazing or welding.
- the inside of the header pipe 2 is partitioned into three sections S1, S2, and S3 by two partition plates P1 and P2.
- the partition plates P1 and P2 divide the plurality of flat tubes 4 into three flat tube groups.
- a plurality of flat tubes 4 are connected to each of the sections S1, S2, and S3.
- the inside of the header pipe 3 is partitioned into two sections S4 and S5 by one partition plate P3.
- the partition plate P3 divides the plurality of flat tubes 4 into two flat tube groups.
- a plurality of flat tubes 4 are connected to each of the sections S4 and S5.
- the refrigerant access pipe 8 is connected to the section S1.
- a refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 9 is connected to the section S3.
- the function of the heat exchanger 1 is as follows.
- the refrigerant is supplied to the section S1 through the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 8.
- the refrigerant that has entered the compartment S1 travels to the compartment S4 through a plurality of flat tubes 4 that connect the compartment S1 and the compartment S4.
- the flat tube group including the plurality of flat tubes 4 constitutes the refrigerant path A.
- the refrigerant path A is symbolized by a block arrow. Other refrigerant paths are also symbolized by block arrows.
- the refrigerant that has entered the compartment S4 is turned back and passes through the plurality of flat tubes 4 connecting the compartment S4 and the compartment S2 to the compartment S2.
- the flat tube group including the plurality of flat tubes 4 constitutes the refrigerant path B.
- the refrigerant that has entered the compartment S2 is turned back there, and travels to the compartment S5 through a plurality of flat tubes 4 that connect the compartment S2 and the compartment S5.
- the flat tube group including the plurality of flat tubes 4 constitutes the refrigerant path C.
- the refrigerant that has entered the compartment S5 is turned back and passes through the plurality of flat tubes 4 connecting the compartment S5 and the compartment S3 to the compartment S3.
- the flat tube group including the plurality of flat tubes 4 constitutes the refrigerant path D.
- the refrigerant entering the section S3 flows out from the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 9.
- the section from the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 8 or 9 to the first turn or between the turn and the next turn is referred to as “one turn”.
- the refrigerant paths A, B, C, and D are all one-turn refrigerant paths.
- the refrigerant When the heat exchanger 1 is used as an evaporator, the refrigerant is supplied to the section S3 through the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 9.
- the refrigerant flow thereafter follows the refrigerant path when the heat exchanger 1 is used as a condenser. That is, the refrigerant enters the section S ⁇ b> 1 through the refrigerant path D ⁇ refrigerant path C ⁇ refrigerant path B ⁇ refrigerant path A and flows out of the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 8.
- a fluid diameter of 0.015 inch (about 0.38 mm) to 0.07 is provided inside a plurality of flat tubes connecting two header pipes.
- a plurality of refrigerant passages in the range of inches (about 1.78 millimeters) are formed in parallel.
- the cross-sectional contour of the refrigerant passage has two or more relatively linear portions that meet each other and at least one recessed portion that is formed at a location where they meet.
- the height of the refrigerant passage in the flat tube is set from 0.35 millimeters to 0.8 millimeters.
- the shunt parameter ⁇ which is the ratio of the resistance parameter ⁇ of the flat tube to the resistance parameter ⁇ of the header pipe on the refrigerant inlet side, is set to 0.5 or more. This prevents the refrigerant from intensively flowing in the flat tube connected to the highest pressure portion of the refrigerant inlet of the header pipe, and evenly distributes the pressure applied to each flat tube to obtain a good diversion state. Good heat exchange performance is exhibited.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a side flow parallel flow type heat exchanger that is optimally designed with respect to the number of flat tubes constituting a refrigerant path, from the viewpoint of preventing drift.
- the object is to optimize the number of flat tubes in the refrigerant path having a large proportion of gaseous refrigerant.
- the parallel flow type heat exchanger includes two vertical header pipes and a plurality of horizontal flat tubes connecting the header pipes.
- the plurality of horizontal flat tubes are further grouped therein, and each group forms a one-turn refrigerant path through which refrigerant flows from one to the other of the two vertical header pipes.
- the upper limit of the number of the flat tubes constituting the one-turn refrigerant path is determined by a numerical value ⁇ 2 obtained by the following formula A:
- n When using the parallel flow type heat exchanger for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, n ⁇ 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ Q + 8.0
- n When using the parallel flow type heat exchanger for an indoor unit of an air conditioner, n ⁇ 4.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ Q + 7.9 (A)
- n is the number of flat tubes constituting a one-turn refrigerant path
- Q is a rated capacity
- W is a unit.
- Q is a rated heating capacity for an outdoor unit and a rated cooling capacity for an indoor unit.
- the lower limit of the number of the flat tubes constituting the one-turn refrigerant path is preferably determined by the following formula B: n> ( ⁇ Q + ⁇ ) ⁇ ⁇ (1.4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 16 ) ⁇ L / (d ⁇ A ′ 2 ) ⁇ 0.5 (B)
- ⁇ 0.0161
- ⁇ 8.86
- d is a hydraulic diameter in units of m
- a ′ is a cross-sectional area of the refrigerant passage of one flat tube
- m 2 is in units.
- an air conditioner in which the parallel flow heat exchanger having the above configuration is mounted on an outdoor unit or an indoor unit is the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
- the parallel flow type heat exchanger 1 of the side flow type shown in FIG. 1, in which the number of flat tubes 4 constituting the refrigerant path is set by the method described below, is a parallel flow type heat according to the present invention. It shall be an exchanger. However, the number of refrigerant paths is not limited to four. It may be more or less.
- the upper limit of the number of flat tubes 4 constituting the one-turn refrigerant path is obtained.
- the upper limit value is obtained from the following formula A.
- n When using the parallel flow type heat exchanger for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, n ⁇ 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ Q + 8.0
- n When using the parallel flow type heat exchanger for an indoor unit of an air conditioner, n ⁇ 4.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ Q + 7.9 (A)
- n is the number of flat tubes constituting a one-turn refrigerant path
- Q is a rated capacity
- W is a unit.
- Formula A was derived from the test.
- the table of FIG. 3 shows the specifications of the flat tube examined in the test.
- the test product a has a width of 16.2 mm, a thickness of 1.9 mm, and a refrigerant passage cross-sectional area of 13 mm 2 .
- the test product b has a width of 13.9 mm, a thickness of 1.9 mm, and a refrigerant passage cross-sectional area of 11 mm 2 .
- the test product c has a width of 16.2 mm, a thickness of 1.6 mm, and a refrigerant passage cross-sectional area of 11 mm 2 .
- the test product d has a width of 19.2 mm, a thickness of 1.9 mm, and a refrigerant passage cross-sectional area of 14 mm 2 .
- the test was conducted as follows. The refrigerant is circulated through various numbers of flat tubes, and whether or not a drift has occurred is visually confirmed by thermography. Four types of test products shown in FIG. 3 were used, and the refrigerant was circulated by changing the circulation amount for each test product.
- the table of FIG. 4 summarizes the maximum number of flat tubes in which no drift was observed in the refrigerant circulation amount (this state may be referred to as “no drift” in this specification).
- test product b was used.
- the maximum number of non-biased flow was 9.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 22.1 kg / h
- the maximum number of non-biased flow was 8.
- test product c was used.
- the maximum number of no drift was 10.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 48.8 kg / h
- the maximum number of no drift was 9.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 26.4 kg / h
- the maximum number of no drift was 8.
- test product b was used.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 54.8 kg / h
- the maximum number of no drift was 8.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 89.2 kg / h
- the maximum number of no drift was 8.
- test product d was used.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 26.6 kg / h
- the maximum number of non-biased flow was 6.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 44.3 kg / h
- the maximum number of no-flow currents was 9.
- the refrigerant circulation rate was 67.3 kg / h
- the maximum number of no drift was 9.
- Refrigerant circulation amount m (kg / h) is generally set as a value proportional to the rated capacity of the product. The relationship between the refrigerant circulation amount and the capacity is shown in FIGS.
- refrigerant circulation amount m Compressor rotation speed ⁇ Suction pressure density ⁇ Compressor volume
- the parallel flow heat exchanger becomes an evaporator during heating operation when used as an outdoor unit heat exchanger for an air conditioner, and during cooling operation when used as a heat exchanger for an indoor unit of an air conditioner. It becomes an evaporator.
- the flat tube constituting the one-turn refrigerant path is obtained from the above formulas (a) and (b).
- the lower limit of the number of flat tubes 4 constituting each refrigerant path is obtained.
- the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger is T out ⁇ 0 ° C.
- the suction pressure is greatly reduced as shown in FIG. That is, the suction pressure rapidly decreases with respect to the refrigerant circulation amount. This is due to frost formation due to the outlet temperature being below 0 ° C.
- T Dp the temperature drop due to pressure loss ⁇ P
- T Rin the refrigerant inlet evaporation temperature.
- the unit of pressure loss ⁇ P is Pa.
- P Rin is the inlet evaporating pressure
- P lim is the refrigerant saturation pressure at 0 ° C.
- ⁇ P ⁇ ⁇ L / d ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ u 2/2 It becomes.
- ⁇ is a coefficient of friction between the inner wall of the flat tube 4 and the refrigerant.
- L is the pipe length and is in units of m.
- d is the hydraulic diameter and is in units of m.
- ⁇ is the refrigerant density and is expressed in kg / m 3 .
- u is the flow rate of the refrigerant and is in units of m / s.
- the flow velocity u can be obtained from the following equation.
- u M / ⁇ A
- M is the refrigerant circulation amount and is expressed in kg / s.
- A is for the m 2 units a total of the refrigerant passage sectional area of the plurality of flat tubes 4 which constitute the refrigerant path of one turn.
- n the number of the flat tubes 4 constituting the one-turn refrigerant path.
- the heating rated capacity may be used, and in the case of the indoor unit heat exchanger, the cooling rated capacity may be used.
- refrigerant circulation amount m Compressor rotation speed ⁇ Suction pressure density ⁇ Compressor volume
- the friction coefficient ⁇ varies depending on the refrigerant circulation amount, the refrigerant pressure, the shape of the flat tube, and the like. Generally, it is about 0.5 to 0.05 for a domestic air conditioner.
- the density ⁇ varies depending on the pressure and dryness of the refrigerant, but in the case of a gas refrigerant, it is generally 20 to 70 kg / m 3 .
- the lower limit of the number of the flat tubes 4 constituting the one-turn refrigerant path can be obtained from Formula B.
- FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are graphs showing an example of the calculation result by Formula B.
- FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the number of flat tubes in the outdoor unit heat exchanger and the rated heating capacity.
- FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the number of flat tubes and the cooling capacity in an indoor unit heat exchanger. In these graphs, the number of the flat tubes 4 constituting the one-turn refrigerant path is optimized according to the rated capacity, and the lower limit value among them is shown.
- the parallel flow type heat exchanger 1 can be mounted on a separate air conditioner.
- a separate air conditioner is composed of an outdoor unit and an indoor unit.
- the outdoor unit includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor fan, and the like.
- the indoor unit includes an indoor side heat exchanger, an indoor side blower, and the like.
- the outdoor heat exchanger functions as an evaporator during heating operation and functions as a condenser during cooling operation.
- the indoor heat exchanger functions as a condenser during heating operation and functions as an evaporator during cooling operation.
- FIG. 14 shows a basic configuration of a separate air conditioner that uses a heat pump cycle as a refrigeration cycle.
- the heat pump cycle 101 includes a compressor 102, a four-way valve 103, an outdoor heat exchanger 104, a decompression / expansion device 105, and an indoor heat exchanger 106 connected in a loop.
- the compressor 102, the four-way valve 103, the heat exchanger 104, and the decompression / expansion device 105 are accommodated in the casing of the outdoor unit.
- the heat exchanger 106 is accommodated in the housing of the indoor unit.
- the heat exchanger 104 is combined with an outdoor fan 107.
- the heat exchanger 106 is combined with an indoor fan 108.
- the blower 107 includes a propeller fan.
- the blower 108 includes a cross flow fan.
- the parallel flow type heat exchanger 1 can be used as a component of the heat exchanger 106 of the indoor unit.
- the heat exchanger 106 is a combination of three heat exchangers 106 ⁇ / b> A, 106 ⁇ / b> B, 106 ⁇ / b> C like a roof covering the blower 108. Any of the heat exchangers 106A, 106B, and 106C can be used as the parallel flow heat exchanger 1.
- the parallel flow heat exchanger 1 according to the present invention can also be used as the heat exchanger 104 of an outdoor unit.
- FIG. 14 shows the state during heating operation.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 102 enters the indoor heat exchanger 106 where it dissipates heat and condenses.
- the refrigerant exiting the heat exchanger 106 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 104 from the decompression / expansion device 105 and expands there, takes heat from the outdoor air, and returns to the compressor 102.
- the airflow generated by the indoor fan 108 promotes heat dissipation from the heat exchanger 106, and the airflow generated by the outdoor fan 107 accelerates heat absorption of the heat exchanger 104.
- FIG. 15 shows a state during cooling operation or defrosting operation.
- the four-way valve 103 is switched so that the refrigerant flow is reversed from that during the heating operation. That is, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 102 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 104, where it dissipates heat and condenses.
- the refrigerant exiting the heat exchanger 104 enters the heat exchanger 106 on the indoor side from the decompression / expansion device 105 and expands there, takes heat from the indoor air, and returns to the compressor 102.
- the airflow generated by the outdoor fan 107 promotes heat dissipation from the heat exchanger 104, and the airflow generated by the indoor fan 108 promotes heat absorption of the heat exchanger 106.
- the present invention is widely applicable to side flow type parallel flow heat exchangers.
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Abstract
Description
当該パラレルフロー型熱交換器を空気調和機の室外機に用いる場合は、
n<3.0×10-4×Q+8.0 …(A)
当該パラレルフロー型熱交換器を空気調和機の室内機に用いる場合は、
n<4.2×10-4×Q+7.9 …(A)
但しnは1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する偏平チューブの本数、Qは定格能力であってWを単位とするものである。Qは、室外機の場合には暖房定格能力、室内機の場合には冷房定格能力を用いる。
n>(αQ+β)×{(1.4×10-16)×L/(d×A´2)}0.5 …(B)
但しα=0.0161、β=8.86、dは水力直径であってmを単位とするもの、A´は1本の偏平チューブの冷媒通路の断面積であって、m2を単位とするものである
n>(αQ+β)×{(1.4×10-16)×L/(d×A´2)}0.5 …(B)
但しα=0.0228、β=6.62、dは水力直径であってmを単位とするもの、A´は1本の偏平チューブの冷媒通路の断面積であって、m2を単位とするものである。
当該パラレルフロー型熱交換器を空気調和機の室外機に用いる場合は、
n<3.0×10-4×Q+8.0 …(A)
当該パラレルフロー型熱交換器を空気調和機の室内機に用いる場合は、
n<4.2×10-4×Q+7.9 …(A)
但しnは1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する偏平チューブの本数、Qは定格能力であってWを単位とするものである。
n=1.9×10-2m+7.8 …(a)
±2本となる。
m=0.0161Q+8.86 …(b)
と表せる。
m=0.0228Q+6.621 …(c)
と表せる。
冷媒循環量m=圧縮機回転数×サクション圧力密度×圧縮機容積
n=3.0×10-4Q+8.0
となる。
n=4.2×10-4Q+7.9
±2本とすることにより、偏流を抑えることが可能となる。
Tout<0℃
となると、図10に示すように大きくサクション圧力が低下する。すなわち、冷媒循環量に対しサクション圧力が急激に減少する。これは出口温度が0℃を下回ったことによる着霜に起因する。
TRin-TDp<0度
となる。TRinは冷媒の入口蒸発温度である。圧力損失ΔPの単位はPaである。
PRin-ΔP>Plim
となる。PRinは入口蒸発圧力、Plimは0℃のときの冷媒の飽和圧力である。
ΔP=λ×L/d×ρ×u2/2
となる。λは偏平チューブ4の内壁と冷媒との間の摩擦係数である。Lは管路長であってmを単位とするものである。dは水力直径であってmを単位とするものである。ρは冷媒密度であってkg/m3を単位とするものである。uは冷媒の流速であってm/sを単位とするものである。
u=M/ρA
Mは冷媒循環量であってkg/sを単位とするものである。Aは1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する複数本の偏平チューブ4の冷媒通路断面積の合計であってm2を単位とするものである。
ΔP=λ/2ρ×L/dA2×M2
となる。
A=nA′
となる。nは1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する偏平チューブ4の本数である。
ΔP<PRin-Plim
より
λ/2ρ×L/(dn2×A′2)×M2<PRin-Plim
となる。
n2>M2×λ/2ρ×L/dA′2×1/(PRin-Plim)
となる。
n>M{λ/2ρ×L/dA′2×1/(PRin-Plim)}0.5 …(d)
となる。
m=αQ+β
と表せる。
m=0.0161Q+8.86
と表せる。つまり、α=0.0161、β=8.86である。
m=0.0228Q+6.62
と表せる。つまり、α=0.0228、β=6.62である。
室外機用熱交換器の場合には暖房定格能力を用い、室内機用熱交換器の場合は冷房定格能力を用いればよい。
冷媒循環量m=圧縮機回転数×サクション圧力密度×圧縮機容積
PRin-Plim<200×103
n>(αQ+β)×{Π×L/(d×A´2)}0.5
Πは、
1.4×10-16<Π<4.8×10-15
数式Aによる上限本数の計算結果を下限本数が上回る場合には、入口または熱交換器の途中で分岐させることが望ましい。
ここで、圧力損失は低い方が望ましいため、Πは最低値、すなわち1.4×10-16を用いるのが望ましい。
従って、
n>(αQ+β)×{(1.4×10-16)×L/(d×A´2)}0.5 …(B)
図12は室外機用熱交換器における偏平チューブの本数と暖房定格能力の関係を示す。図13は室内機用熱交換器における偏平チューブの本数と冷房定格能力の関係を示す。これらのグラフは、1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する偏平チューブ4の本数を定格能力に応じて最適化し、その中で下限となる値を示すものである。
2、3 ヘッダパイプ
4 偏平チューブ
5 冷媒通路
6 フィン
7 サイドプレート
A、B、C、D 冷媒パス
Claims (5)
- サイドフロー方式のパラレルフロー型熱交換器であって、以下の構成を備えるもの:
2本の垂直方向ヘッダパイプと、
前記ヘッダパイプ同士を連結する複数本の水平方向偏平チューブを備え、
前記複数本の水平方向偏平チューブはさらにその中で複数本ずつグループ化され、各グループが前記2本の垂直ヘッダパイプの一方から他方へと冷媒を流す1ターンの冷媒パスを構成するものであり、
前記1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する前記偏平チューブの本数の上限は、以下の数式Aによって得られた数値±2により定められる:
当該パラレルフロー型熱交換器を空気調和機の室外機に用いる場合は、
n<3.0×10-4×Q+8.0 …(A)
当該パラレルフロー型熱交換器を空気調和機の室内機に用いる場合は、
n<4.2×10-4×Q+7.9 …(A)
但しnは1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する偏平チューブの本数、Qは定格能力であってWを単位とするものである。 - 請求項1のパラレルフロー型熱交換器であって、以下の構成を備えるもの:
当該熱交換器は空気調和機の室外機に用いられるものであり、
前記1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する前記偏平チューブの本数の下限は、以下の数式Bにより定められる:
n>(αQ+β)×{(1.4×10-16)×L/(d×A´2)}0.5 …(B)
但しα=0.0161、β=8.86、dは水力直径であってmを単位とするもの、A´は1本の偏平チューブの冷媒通路の断面積であって、m2を単位とするものである。 - 請求項1のパラレルフロー型熱交換器であって、以下の構成を備えるもの:
当該熱交換器は空気調和機の室内機に用いられるものであり、
前記1ターンの冷媒パスを構成する前記偏平チューブの本数の下限は、以下の数式Bにより定められる:
n>(αQ+β)×{(1.4×10-16)×L/(d×A´2)}0.5 …(B)
但しα=0.0228、β=6.62、dは水力直径であってmを単位とするもの、A´は1本の偏平チューブの冷媒通路の断面積であって、m2を単位とするものである。 - 空気調和機であって、以下の構成を備えるもの:
当該空気調和機の室外機に、請求項2に記載のパラレルフロー型熱交換器を搭載した。 - 空気調和機であって、以下の構成を備えるもの:
当該空気調和機の室内機に、請求項3に記載のパラレルフロー型熱交換器を搭載した。
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US14/418,467 US20150168072A1 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2013-08-07 | Parallel-flow type heat exchanger and air conditioner equipped with same |
CN201380044123.9A CN104620069B (zh) | 2012-09-04 | 2013-08-07 | 并流式热交换器和安装有该并流式热交换器的空气调节机 |
KR1020157003750A KR101698698B1 (ko) | 2012-09-04 | 2013-08-07 | 평행류형 열교환기 및 그것을 탑재한 공기 조화기 |
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JP2017026281A (ja) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-02 | サンデンホールディングス株式会社 | 熱交換器 |
US11105538B2 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2021-08-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
JP6704361B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-13 | 2020-06-03 | 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 | 空気調和機 |
US11047625B2 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2021-06-29 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Interlaced heat exchanger |
JP2020165579A (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 熱交換器分流器 |
JP2020165578A (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 熱交換器分流器 |
JP2021025746A (ja) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-22 | 株式会社Uacj | 熱交換器および空気調和機 |
JP7372778B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-08 | 2023-11-01 | 株式会社Uacj | 熱交換器および空気調和機 |
JP7372777B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-08 | 2023-11-01 | 株式会社Uacj | 熱交換器および空気調和機 |
US20230204297A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | Goodman Manufacturing Company, L.P. | Heat exchanger assembly and method for hvac system |
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JP2012132644A (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-07-12 | Sharp Corp | 熱交換器及びそれを搭載した空気調和機 |
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