US20090050298A1 - Heat exchanger and integrated-type heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchanger and integrated-type heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- US20090050298A1 US20090050298A1 US12/281,212 US28121207A US2009050298A1 US 20090050298 A1 US20090050298 A1 US 20090050298A1 US 28121207 A US28121207 A US 28121207A US 2009050298 A1 US2009050298 A1 US 2009050298A1
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- heat exchanger
- refrigerant
- tank
- exchanger core
- header tank
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
- F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
- F28D1/0435—Combination of units extending one behind the other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
- F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
- F28F9/0214—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only longitudinal partitions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0084—Condensers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger used as a vehicular air conditioner, and, more particularly relates to a structure of a heat exchanger suitable for an integrated-type capacitor/radiator.
- an engine for driving the vehicle a radiator for cooling engine cooling water
- a heat exchanger such as a capacitor (gas cooler) for cooling and condensing a refrigerant of an air conditioner, a cooling fan, and the like.
- the capacitor and the radiator are closely placed in the engine room in front and rear portions with respect to each other so that the capacitor is located on the windward side and the radiator is located on the leeward side.
- An integrated-type capacitor/radiator (UCR, hereinafter) in which a capacitor and a radiator are integrated is also becoming widespread.
- an integrated-type gas cooler/radiator that deals with a CO2 refrigerant is also called UCR.
- a refrigerant and compressor lubricating oil is circulated.
- a liquid refrigerant or oil stays in a capacitor that condenses a refrigerant
- a refrigerant pressure is increased because a refrigerant path is temporarily narrowed. If the pressure exceeds a certain level, the oil that stays in the capacitor is swept away by the refrigerant and the pressure is lowered. If the pressure rise and reduction of the refrigerant are repeated during the operation of the refrigeration cycle, hunting of the refrigeration cycle occurs, which causes a problem that a temperature of adjusted air is also varied.
- a vertically-flowing type capacitor in which a refrigerant flows vertically has a tendency that hunting is prone to occur due to retention of oil, and in order to make the oil easily flow, the capacitor is preferably of a laterally-flowing type.
- the radiator In the UCR, oil flows laterally in the radiator like the capacitor so that a fin can be shared.
- the radiator is preferably of a vertically-flowing type. Further, the radiator is located between cross members in a front portion of the vehicle. Therefore, when the radiator is of the laterally-flowing type, the air-passing area in the radiator is reduced because a heat exchange part is placed in a space other than the cross members through which the cooling air does not flow. This problem is solved by increasing the thickness; however, with this design, a space in the engine room cannot be effectively utilized.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2001-311597
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. H7-332890
- Patent Document 3 discloses a heat exchanger in which a heat exchanging region has three paths, a passage area of a path through which a refrigerant flows upward, and a path resistance of an inner fin are reduced to increase the flow rate so that oil can be easily discharged.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger capable of preventing hunting caused by oil retention without deteriorating the heat radiation performance, and to provide an integrated-type heat exchanger capable of reducing its cost when it is constituted as a UCR.
- a heat exchanger that cools an air-conditioning refrigerant by means of cooling air
- the heat exchanger including: a first heat exchanger core and a second heat exchanger core located forward and backward with respect to a flowing direction of the cooling air, respectively; a first header tank that is provided in a lower portion of the heat exchanger, and has two independent tank portions, one of the two tank portions located on a leeward side of the cooling air being in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the second heat exchange core, and the other one of the tank portions located on a windward side being in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the first heat exchanger core, the first header tank introducing the refrigerant from the tank portion located on the leeward side, and discharging the refrigerant from the tank portion located on the windward side; and a second header tank that is provided in an upper portion of the heat exchanger, that is in communication with a refrigerant-out
- the two independent tank portions are separated from each other forward and backward as viewed from the flowing direction of the cooling air.
- the first header tank is provided with a slit between the two independent tank portions along a longitudinal direction of the first header tank, and the two tank portions are connected to each other in at least one position.
- An integrated-type heat exchanger according to claim 4 is formed by integrally providing a radiator that cools engine cooling water on a leeward side of the header exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas cooler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a p-h diagram showing an operation of a refrigeration cycle using a CO2 refrigerant according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an example of the gas cooler according to the embodiment that is constituted as a UCR.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas cooler according to the embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of FIG. 1 .
- a gas cooler 10 includes a first heat exchanger core 20 and a second heat exchanger core 30 that exchange heat between a refrigerant that passes through the gas cooler 10 and cooling air 60 , a first header tank 40 that is joined to lower ends of the first heat exchanger core 20 and the second heat exchanger core 30 , and a second header tank 50 that is joined to upper ends of the first heat exchanger core 20 and the second heat exchanger core 30 .
- Each of the first heat exchanger core 20 and the second heat exchanger core 30 has a structure in which porous tubes 21 formed with a plurality of tube holes 21 a functioning as refrigerant paths, and corrugated cooling fins 22 are alternately laminated.
- the first heat exchanger core 20 and the second heat exchanger core 30 are placed in front and back positions, respectively, such that the first heat exchanger core 20 is located frontward with respect to the flowing direction of the cooling air 60 (on the windward side of the cooling air 60 ) and the second heat exchanger core 30 is located backward (on the leeward side of the cooling air 60 ).
- the first header tank 40 is located under the first and second heat exchanger cores 20 and 30 , and includes two plates 41 and 42 superposed and joined to each other by brazing.
- a first tank portion 43 and a second tank portion 44 are formed in the first header tank 40 .
- the first tank portion 43 and the second tank portion 44 have substantially semi-circular cross sections, and they function as flowing paths of the refrigerant.
- the first tank portion 43 and the second tank portion 44 are separated from each other at the central portion in the first header tank 40 .
- the first tank portion 43 and the second tank portion 44 are formed as independent tank portions which are not in communication with each other in the first header tank 40 .
- a refrigerant supply pipe (not shown) is connected to the first tank portion 43
- a refrigerant discharge pipe (not shown) is connected to the second tank portion 44 .
- the first tank portion 43 located on the leeward side as viewed from a flowing direction of the cooling air 60 is in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the second heat exchanger core 30
- the second tank portion 44 located on the windward side is in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the first heat exchanger core 20 .
- the refrigerant is introduced from the first tank portion 43 located on the leeward side, and the refrigerant is discharged from the second tank portion 44 located on the windward side.
- the second header tank 50 is placed on the first and second heat exchanger cores 20 and 30 , and includes two plates 51 and 52 superposed and joined to each other by brazing.
- a first tank portion 53 and a second tank portion 55 are formed in the second header tank 50 .
- the first tank portion 53 and the second tank portion 55 have substantially semi-circular cross sections, and they function as flowing paths of the refrigerant.
- a communication path 55 is formed between the first tank portion 53 and the second tank portion 54 , and these tank portions 54 and 55 are in communication with each other.
- the first tank portion 53 is in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the second heat exchanger core 30
- the second tank portion 54 is in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the first heat exchanger core 20 .
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second heat exchanger core 30 flows from the first tank portion 53 of the second header tank 50 to the second tank portion 54 through the communication path 55 , and then flows into the first heat exchanger core 20 .
- the refrigerant introduced from the first tank portion 43 of the first header tank 40 flows upward through the tube holes 21 (see FIG. 2 ) of the second heat exchanger core 30 and flows into the first tank portion 53 of the second header tank 50 .
- the refrigerant further flows through the communication path 55 into the second tank portion 54 , and flows downward through the tube holes 21 of the first heat exchanger core 20 , flows into the second tank portion 44 of the first header tank 40 , and is discharged outside from the second tank portion 44 .
- heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the cooling air 60 that flows in a direction intersecting with the flowing direction of the refrigerant when the refrigerant passes through the heat exchanger cores 20 and 30 .
- FIG. 3 is a p-h diagram showing an operation of a refrigeration cycle using a CO2 refrigerant, and shows cycle balance at the time of cooling operation.
- a section on a high pressure side (a-b) that is equal to or higher than a critical point shows variation in the gas cooler.
- the refrigerant When a temperature of outside air is 40° C. or the like and a load is high, the refrigerant is gaseous also in the vicinity of the outlet of the gas cooler 10 , and a high flow rate can be maintained even if the refrigerant flows vertically Thus, retention of oil does not occur.
- the refrigerant becomes a liquid refrigerant because the refrigerant condenses.
- the refrigerant is gaseous when it passes through the first path (second heat exchanger core 30 ) and the flow rate is high.
- the refrigerant flows downward.
- the refrigerant flows downward by its own weight, and therefore oil can be easily discharged.
- retention of oil does not occur even at the time of low load.
- the refrigerant flows upward on the leeward side of the first header tank 40 , turns around in the second header tank 50 , and flows downward on the windward side. Therefore, oil does not stay together with the refrigerant in the second header tank 50 or first heat exchanger core 20 , and can flow downward. Thus, the pressure of the refrigerant is not increased or decreased during the operation of the refrigeration cycle, and hunting can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to keep the temperature of the adjusted air constant.
- the heat exchanging region is greater as compared with a structure having only one path, and it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the heat radiation performance. Because the number of paths of the refrigerant is two, the refrigerant can easily turn, and the path resistance can be reduced as compared with a structure having three paths. As a result, it is possible to prevent oil from staying in the path as compared with a structure having three paths. Because the number of paths of the refrigerant is two, it is possible to prevent hunting caused by retention of oil without deteriorating the heat radiation performance while using the gas cooler of the vertically-flowing type.
- the temperature of the refrigerant passing on the leeward side is higher than the temperature of the refrigerant passing on the windward side. Therefore, even if cooling air having passed through the first and second heat exchanger cores flows back into the opposite direction, it is possible to increase a difference between the temperature of the cooling air flowed back and the refrigerant temperature, which reduces the influence exerted on the heat radiation performance.
- first tank portion 43 and the second tank portion 44 can be placed so that they are separated from each other in the front and back positions as viewed from the flowing direction of cooling air, it is possible to suppress heat exchange between a relatively high-temperature refrigerant introduced into the first tank portion 43 of the first header tank 40 and a refrigerant that has subjected to heat exchange with the cooling air while having passed through the first heat exchanger core 20 and then the second heat exchanger core 30 , and that has become low in temperature. Therefore, it is possible to enhance the heat exchange efficiency.
- the first header tank 40 in which slits 41 a and 42 a are provided along the longitudinal direction of the first header tank 40 at the central portions of the plates 41 and 42 constituting the first tank portion 43 and the second tank portion 44 , and the two tank portions 43 and 44 are connected to each other in at least one position (preferably two or more positions). If such slits 41 a and 42 a are provided, heat is less prone to be transmitted from the first tank portion 43 to which the high temperature refrigerant is introduced to the second tank portion 44 from which the low temperature refrigerant is discharged. Thus, it is possible to further enhance the heat exchange efficiency.
- a shielding member 45 may be pasted so as to cover a space between the first tank portion 43 and the second tank portion 44 as shown in FIG. 2 . If such a shielding member 45 is provided, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the cooling air which has passed through the first heat exchanger core 20 located on the windward side passes downward through the slits 41 a and 42 a . Thus, deterioration of heat exchange efficiency caused by the slits 41 a and 42 a can be suppressed. To make is difficult for heat from being transmitted from the first tank portion 43 to the second tank portion 44 , it is preferable to use a resin material having low thermal conductivity as the shielding member 45 .
- FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of an UCR 100 that is formed by integrally providing a vertically-flowing type radiator 70 on the leeward side of the gas cooler 10 .
- engine cooling performance can be enhanced, the heat exchanger can be reduced in size as compared with a case of using the laterally-flowing type radiator, and an amount of engine cooling water can also be reduced.
- a vehicle can be reduced in weight.
Abstract
A heat exchanger 10 cools an air-conditioning refrigerant by means of cooling air. The heat exchanger 10 includes a first heat exchanger core 20 and a second heat exchanger core 30 placed forward and backward with respect to a flowing direction of the cooling air 60. The heat exchanger 10 further includes a first header tank 40 that is provided in a lower portion of the heat exchanger, and has two independent tank portions 43 and 44, one of the two tank portions located on a leeward side of the cooling air 60 being in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the second heat exchanger core 30, and the other one of the tank portions located on a windward side being in communication of a refrigerant-outlet side of the first heat exchanger core 20, the first header tank 40 introducing the refrigerant from the tank portion 43 located on the leeward side, and discharging the refrigerant from the tank portion 44 located on the windward side. The heat exchanger 10 also includes a second header tank 50 that is provided in an upper portion of the heat exchanger, that is in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the second heat exchanger core 30 and a refrigerant-inlet side of the first heat exchanger core 20, and that flows the refrigerant having passed through the second heat exchanger core 30 into the first heat exchanger core 20.
Description
- The present invention relates to a heat exchanger used as a vehicular air conditioner, and, more particularly relates to a structure of a heat exchanger suitable for an integrated-type capacitor/radiator.
- Generally, mounted on an engine room provided in a front portion of an automobile are an engine for driving the vehicle, a radiator for cooling engine cooling water, a heat exchanger such as a capacitor (gas cooler) for cooling and condensing a refrigerant of an air conditioner, a cooling fan, and the like. Among them, the capacitor and the radiator are closely placed in the engine room in front and rear portions with respect to each other so that the capacitor is located on the windward side and the radiator is located on the leeward side. An integrated-type capacitor/radiator (UCR, hereinafter) in which a capacitor and a radiator are integrated is also becoming widespread.
- In the descriptions of the present specification, an integrated-type gas cooler/radiator that deals with a CO2 refrigerant is also called UCR.
- In a refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner, a refrigerant and compressor lubricating oil is circulated. In the refrigeration cycle, if a liquid refrigerant or oil stays in a capacitor that condenses a refrigerant, a refrigerant pressure is increased because a refrigerant path is temporarily narrowed. If the pressure exceeds a certain level, the oil that stays in the capacitor is swept away by the refrigerant and the pressure is lowered. If the pressure rise and reduction of the refrigerant are repeated during the operation of the refrigeration cycle, hunting of the refrigeration cycle occurs, which causes a problem that a temperature of adjusted air is also varied. A vertically-flowing type capacitor in which a refrigerant flows vertically has a tendency that hunting is prone to occur due to retention of oil, and in order to make the oil easily flow, the capacitor is preferably of a laterally-flowing type.
- In the UCR, oil flows laterally in the radiator like the capacitor so that a fin can be shared. However, to vent air remaining in a cooling path and to increase an air-passing area for heat exchange, the radiator is preferably of a vertically-flowing type. Further, the radiator is located between cross members in a front portion of the vehicle. Therefore, when the radiator is of the laterally-flowing type, the air-passing area in the radiator is reduced because a heat exchange part is placed in a space other than the cross members through which the cooling air does not flow. This problem is solved by increasing the thickness; however, with this design, a space in the engine room cannot be effectively utilized.
- Hence, there has been proposed a heat exchanger in which a laterally-flowing type capacitor and a vertically-flowing type radiator are combined as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2001-311597 (hereinafter, referred to as “
Patent Document 1”), for example. - Concerning the vertically-flowing type capacitor, there is proposed a heat exchanger in which tube elements are brought into communication and connection with each other through a swelling header as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. H7-332890 (hereinafter, referred to as “
Patent Document 2”), for example. Similarly, concerning the vertically-flowing type capacitor, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. H10-220919 (hereinafter, referred to as “Patent Document 3”), for example, discloses a heat exchanger in which a heat exchanging region has three paths, a passage area of a path through which a refrigerant flows upward, and a path resistance of an inner fin are reduced to increase the flow rate so that oil can be easily discharged. - In the heat exchanger described in
Patent Document 1, however, directions of fins of the capacitor and the radiator are different from each other. Therefore, when the heat exchanger is constituted as the UCR, parts cannot be integrated, and the structure cannot be simplified, and thus it is difficult to reduce its cost. In the case of the heat exchanger described inPatent Document 2, when the heat exchanger has one path, influence generated by oil retention is small. However, in this case, because a distance from an entrance to an exit of a refrigerant of the capacitor is short, heat radiation performance can be deteriorated. In the case of the capacitor described inPatent Document 3, because the flow rate is adjusted by adjusting the passage area of the path or the path resistance of the inner fin, there is a probability that the path resistance of a refrigerant can be adversely increased depending upon product specifications or using conditions. - Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger capable of preventing hunting caused by oil retention without deteriorating the heat radiation performance, and to provide an integrated-type heat exchanger capable of reducing its cost when it is constituted as a UCR.
- To achieve the above object, according to
claim 1, there is provided a heat exchanger that cools an air-conditioning refrigerant by means of cooling air, the heat exchanger including: a first heat exchanger core and a second heat exchanger core located forward and backward with respect to a flowing direction of the cooling air, respectively; a first header tank that is provided in a lower portion of the heat exchanger, and has two independent tank portions, one of the two tank portions located on a leeward side of the cooling air being in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the second heat exchange core, and the other one of the tank portions located on a windward side being in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the first heat exchanger core, the first header tank introducing the refrigerant from the tank portion located on the leeward side, and discharging the refrigerant from the tank portion located on the windward side; and a second header tank that is provided in an upper portion of the heat exchanger, that is in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the second heat exchanger core and a refrigerant-inlet side of the first heat exchanger core, and that flows the refrigerant having passed through the second heat exchanger core into the first heat exchanger core. - According to
claim 2, in the heat exchanger according toclaim 1, the two independent tank portions are separated from each other forward and backward as viewed from the flowing direction of the cooling air. - According to
claim 3, in the heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, the first header tank is provided with a slit between the two independent tank portions along a longitudinal direction of the first header tank, and the two tank portions are connected to each other in at least one position. - An integrated-type heat exchanger according to
claim 4 is formed by integrally providing a radiator that cools engine cooling water on a leeward side of the header exchanger according to any one ofclaims 1 to 3. -
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas cooler according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a p-h diagram showing an operation of a refrigeration cycle using a CO2 refrigerant according to the embodiment. -
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an example of the gas cooler according to the embodiment that is constituted as a UCR. - An embodiment of a heat exchanger and an integrated-type heat exchanger according to the present invention will be explained below. An example of the heat exchanger of the present invention that is applied to a vertically-flowing type gas cooler using CO2 as a refrigerant is explained here.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas cooler according to the embodiment, andFIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view ofFIG. 1 . - As shown in
FIG. 1 , agas cooler 10 according to the embodiment includes a firstheat exchanger core 20 and a secondheat exchanger core 30 that exchange heat between a refrigerant that passes through thegas cooler 10 andcooling air 60, afirst header tank 40 that is joined to lower ends of the firstheat exchanger core 20 and the secondheat exchanger core 30, and asecond header tank 50 that is joined to upper ends of the firstheat exchanger core 20 and the secondheat exchanger core 30. - Each of the first
heat exchanger core 20 and the secondheat exchanger core 30 has a structure in whichporous tubes 21 formed with a plurality oftube holes 21 a functioning as refrigerant paths, andcorrugated cooling fins 22 are alternately laminated. The firstheat exchanger core 20 and the secondheat exchanger core 30 are placed in front and back positions, respectively, such that the firstheat exchanger core 20 is located frontward with respect to the flowing direction of the cooling air 60 (on the windward side of the cooling air 60) and the secondheat exchanger core 30 is located backward (on the leeward side of the cooling air 60). - As shown in
FIG. 2 , thefirst header tank 40 is located under the first and secondheat exchanger cores plates first tank portion 43 and asecond tank portion 44 are formed in thefirst header tank 40. Thefirst tank portion 43 and thesecond tank portion 44 have substantially semi-circular cross sections, and they function as flowing paths of the refrigerant. Thefirst tank portion 43 and thesecond tank portion 44 are separated from each other at the central portion in thefirst header tank 40. Thefirst tank portion 43 and thesecond tank portion 44 are formed as independent tank portions which are not in communication with each other in thefirst header tank 40. A refrigerant supply pipe (not shown) is connected to thefirst tank portion 43, and a refrigerant discharge pipe (not shown) is connected to thesecond tank portion 44. - In the
first header tank 40, thefirst tank portion 43 located on the leeward side as viewed from a flowing direction of thecooling air 60 is in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the secondheat exchanger core 30, and thesecond tank portion 44 located on the windward side is in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the firstheat exchanger core 20. With this design, the refrigerant is introduced from thefirst tank portion 43 located on the leeward side, and the refrigerant is discharged from thesecond tank portion 44 located on the windward side. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , thesecond header tank 50 is placed on the first and secondheat exchanger cores plates first tank portion 53 and asecond tank portion 55 are formed in thesecond header tank 50. Thefirst tank portion 53 and thesecond tank portion 55 have substantially semi-circular cross sections, and they function as flowing paths of the refrigerant. Acommunication path 55 is formed between thefirst tank portion 53 and thesecond tank portion 54, and thesetank portions - In the
second header tank 50, thefirst tank portion 53 is in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the secondheat exchanger core 30, and thesecond tank portion 54 is in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the firstheat exchanger core 20. With this design, the refrigerant that has passed through the secondheat exchanger core 30 flows from thefirst tank portion 53 of thesecond header tank 50 to thesecond tank portion 54 through thecommunication path 55, and then flows into the firstheat exchanger core 20. - In the
gas cooler 10 having the above-described structure, the refrigerant introduced from thefirst tank portion 43 of thefirst header tank 40 flows upward through the tube holes 21 (seeFIG. 2 ) of the secondheat exchanger core 30 and flows into thefirst tank portion 53 of thesecond header tank 50. The refrigerant further flows through thecommunication path 55 into thesecond tank portion 54, and flows downward through thetube holes 21 of the firstheat exchanger core 20, flows into thesecond tank portion 44 of thefirst header tank 40, and is discharged outside from thesecond tank portion 44. During this time, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and thecooling air 60 that flows in a direction intersecting with the flowing direction of the refrigerant when the refrigerant passes through theheat exchanger cores -
FIG. 3 is a p-h diagram showing an operation of a refrigeration cycle using a CO2 refrigerant, and shows cycle balance at the time of cooling operation. InFIG. 3 , a section on a high pressure side (a-b) that is equal to or higher than a critical point shows variation in the gas cooler. - When a temperature of outside air is 40° C. or the like and a load is high, the refrigerant is gaseous also in the vicinity of the outlet of the
gas cooler 10, and a high flow rate can be maintained even if the refrigerant flows vertically Thus, retention of oil does not occur. - On the other hand, when a temperature of outside air is 15° C. or the like and a load is low, the refrigerant becomes a liquid refrigerant because the refrigerant condenses. However, the refrigerant is gaseous when it passes through the first path (second heat exchanger core 30) and the flow rate is high. Thus, it is easy to discharge oil upward. When the refrigerant passes through the second path (first heat exchanger core 20), the refrigerant flows downward. The refrigerant flows downward by its own weight, and therefore oil can be easily discharged. Thus, retention of oil does not occur even at the time of low load.
- According to the structure of the embodiment as explained above, the refrigerant flows upward on the leeward side of the
first header tank 40, turns around in thesecond header tank 50, and flows downward on the windward side. Therefore, oil does not stay together with the refrigerant in thesecond header tank 50 or firstheat exchanger core 20, and can flow downward. Thus, the pressure of the refrigerant is not increased or decreased during the operation of the refrigeration cycle, and hunting can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to keep the temperature of the adjusted air constant. - According to the structure of the embodiment, because the number of paths of the refrigerant is two, the heat exchanging region is greater as compared with a structure having only one path, and it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the heat radiation performance. Because the number of paths of the refrigerant is two, the refrigerant can easily turn, and the path resistance can be reduced as compared with a structure having three paths. As a result, it is possible to prevent oil from staying in the path as compared with a structure having three paths. Because the number of paths of the refrigerant is two, it is possible to prevent hunting caused by retention of oil without deteriorating the heat radiation performance while using the gas cooler of the vertically-flowing type.
- Further, because the refrigerant is introduced from the leeward side (first tank portion 43) of the
first header tank 40, the temperature of the refrigerant passing on the leeward side is higher than the temperature of the refrigerant passing on the windward side. Therefore, even if cooling air having passed through the first and second heat exchanger cores flows back into the opposite direction, it is possible to increase a difference between the temperature of the cooling air flowed back and the refrigerant temperature, which reduces the influence exerted on the heat radiation performance. - Because the
first tank portion 43 and thesecond tank portion 44 can be placed so that they are separated from each other in the front and back positions as viewed from the flowing direction of cooling air, it is possible to suppress heat exchange between a relatively high-temperature refrigerant introduced into thefirst tank portion 43 of thefirst header tank 40 and a refrigerant that has subjected to heat exchange with the cooling air while having passed through the firstheat exchanger core 20 and then the secondheat exchanger core 30, and that has become low in temperature. Therefore, it is possible to enhance the heat exchange efficiency. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , it is possible to use thefirst header tank 40 in which slits 41 a and 42 a are provided along the longitudinal direction of thefirst header tank 40 at the central portions of theplates first tank portion 43 and thesecond tank portion 44, and the twotank portions first tank portion 43 to which the high temperature refrigerant is introduced to thesecond tank portion 44 from which the low temperature refrigerant is discharged. Thus, it is possible to further enhance the heat exchange efficiency. - Furthermore, when the
slits member 45 may be pasted so as to cover a space between thefirst tank portion 43 and thesecond tank portion 44 as shown inFIG. 2 . If such a shieldingmember 45 is provided, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the cooling air which has passed through the firstheat exchanger core 20 located on the windward side passes downward through theslits slits first tank portion 43 to thesecond tank portion 44, it is preferable to use a resin material having low thermal conductivity as the shieldingmember 45. - The
gas cooler 10 according to the embodiment may be integrated with a radiator into a UCR as shown inFIG. 4 .FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of anUCR 100 that is formed by integrally providing a vertically-flowingtype radiator 70 on the leeward side of thegas cooler 10. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , when thegas cooler 10 according to the embodiment is combined with the vertically-flowingtype radiator 70, parts can be formed integrally as one unit, and its structure can be simplified, and thus cost thereof can be reduced. Further, even when the gas cooler is placed between cross members of a vehicle, upper and lower header tanks can be located behind the cross members. Therefore, an air-passing area is not reduced unlike a case of using the laterally-flowing type radiator, and it is unnecessary to increase its thickness. Thus, it is possible to effectively utilize a space in the engine room. - According to the present invention, engine cooling performance can be enhanced, the heat exchanger can be reduced in size as compared with a case of using the laterally-flowing type radiator, and an amount of engine cooling water can also be reduced. Thus, a vehicle can be reduced in weight.
Claims (8)
1-4. (canceled)
5. A heat exchanger that uses CO2 as a refrigerant, that is used in a refrigeration cycle having a high pressure side equal to or higher than a critical point of the refrigerant, and that cools the refrigerant on the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle by means of cooling air, the heat exchanger comprising:
a first heat exchanger core and a second heat exchanger core placed forward and backward with respect to a flowing direction of the cooling air;
a first header tank that is provided in a lower portion of the heat exchanger, and has two independent tank portions, one of the two tank portions located on a leeward side of the cooling air being in communication with a refrigerant-inlet side of the second heat exchanger core, and the other one of the tank portions located on a windward side being in communication of a refrigerant-outlet side of the first heat exchanger core, the first header tank introducing the refrigerant from the tank portion located on the leeward side, and discharging the refrigerant from the tank portion located on the windward side; and
a second header tank that is provided in an upper portion of the heat exchanger, that is in communication with a refrigerant-outlet side of the second heat exchanger core and a refrigerant-inlet side of the first heat exchanger core, and that flows the refrigerant having passed through the second heat exchanger core into the first heat exchanger core.
6. The heat exchanger according to claim 5 , wherein the two independent tank portions are separated from each other forward and backward as viewed from the flowing direction of the cooling air.
7. The heat exchanger according to claim 5 , wherein the first header tank is provided with a slit between the two independent tank portions along a longitudinal direction of the first header tank, and the two tank portions are connected to each other in at least one position.
8. An integrated-type heat exchanger in which a radiator that cools engine cooling water is integrally provided on a leeward side of the heat exchanger according to claim 5 .
9. The heat exchanger according to claim 6 , wherein the first header tank is provided with a slit between the two independent tank portions along a longitudinal direction of the first header tank, and the two tank portions are connected to each other in at least one position.
10. An integrated-type heat exchanger in which a radiator that cools engine cooling water is integrally provided on a leeward side of the heat exchanger according to claim 6 .
11. An integrated-type heat exchanger in which a radiator that cools engine cooling water is integrally provided on a leeward side of the heat exchanger according to claim 7 .
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006055187A JP2007232287A (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2006-03-01 | Heat exchanger and integral type heat exchanger |
JP2006-055187 | 2006-03-01 | ||
PCT/JP2007/053365 WO2007099868A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-23 | Heat exchanger and integrated-type heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090050298A1 true US20090050298A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
Family
ID=38458978
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/281,212 Abandoned US20090050298A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-23 | Heat exchanger and integrated-type heat exchanger |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090050298A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1998133A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007232287A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007099868A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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WO2016191251A1 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2016-12-01 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Heat exchanger and heat exchanger tank |
US20180160573A1 (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-07 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Outdoor display apparatus |
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KR101500751B1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2015-03-09 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | Inner partition type oil cooler |
KR101543608B1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2015-08-11 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | A Water Cooling Type Condenser |
DE102013203222A1 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-08-28 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heat exchanger |
WO2015189990A1 (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Heat exchanger |
EP3224565B1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2023-12-27 | Carrier Corporation | Frost tolerant microchannel heat exchanger |
JP2018096638A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | 日野自動車株式会社 | Condenser |
JP7008178B2 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2022-01-25 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Refrigeration cycle device and hot water generator equipped with it |
CN112204312B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2022-06-28 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Outdoor unit of air conditioner and air conditioner |
GB2581478B (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2021-09-22 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Motor vehicle counterflow radiator, engine cooling circuit, vehicle and method of cooling an engine |
IT202100000920A1 (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-07-20 | Denso Thermal Systems Spa | HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR INTERNAL CONDENSER FOR HVAC SYSTEMS WITH HEAT PUMP |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007232287A (en) | 2007-09-13 |
EP1998133A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
WO2007099868A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 |
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Owner name: CALSONIC KANSEI CORPORATION, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TAKAHASHI, TORAHIDE;REEL/FRAME:021740/0298 Effective date: 20081007 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |