WO2013183737A1 - 2ストロークユニフローエンジン - Google Patents
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
- F02D41/34—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/08—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
- F02B1/10—Methods of operating
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- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
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- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
- F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/0607—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
- F02D19/061—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0689—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection
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- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/10—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
- F02D35/024—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure using an estimation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
- F02D41/34—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/345—Controlling injection timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D2041/389—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type for injecting directly into the cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/31—Control of the fuel pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
- F02D2400/04—Two-stroke combustion engines with electronic control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2012年6月6日に、日本に出願された特願2012-128925号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
図1は、2ストロークユニフローエンジン100の全体構成を示した説明図である。本実施形態の2ストロークユニフローエンジン100は、2ストローク、ユニフロー型のデュアルフューエルエンジンで構成され、例えば、船舶等に用いられる。船舶等に用いられる理由は、2ストロークユニフローエンジンが、熱効率および信頼性が高いためである。
上記ユニフロー型は、シリンダ下部の掃気ポートから活性ガスを吸入し、シリンダ上部の排気弁から燃焼したガスを押し出す方式であり、活性ガスと排気ガスとの流れが一方向となるので、排気ガスが残留する割合が低く、特にロングストロークのエンジンに有効である。
図2A~Gは、本実施形態における2ストロークユニフローエンジン100の各制御部の動作を説明するための説明図である。特に図2A~Fは2ストロークユニフローエンジン100の縦断面図を、図2Gは図2A~Fの状態の時間関係を示すためのタイミングチャートを示している。図2A~Fでは、2ストロークユニフローエンジン100における圧縮(吸気も含む)、膨張(燃焼、排気も含む)行程を、排気および吸気、圧縮、燃焼の順で説明する。
図3は、クランク角度とピストン位置との関係を示した説明図である。ここでは、ピストンの上昇行程が示され、クランク角度は0から180°まで推移している。また、ピストン位置は、シリンダ110における下死点を0.0、上死点を1.0としたときの下死点からのピストン112の位置を示す。燃料噴射ポート126は、このようなピストン112の推移に対し、狭入層178を適切に形成できる程度に低く(ピストン位置小)、かつ、燃料ガス174の噴射時間を十分に確保できる程度に高い位置(ピストン位置大)に設けられる必要がある。
燃料噴射制御部152は、このような物理的制限(例えば、クランク角度10°~105°)の下、ピストン112の往復運動を通じて生じるシリンダ110内の圧力の変化に基づいて、燃料噴射弁128の噴射圧力と噴射時間を制御する。
ガバナー150は、エンジン出力指令値と、ロータリエンコーダ134からのクランク角度信号によるエンジン回転数に基づいて、燃料ガス174の噴射量を導出し、燃料噴射制御部152に出力する。
燃料噴射制御部152は、クランク角度が所定の値(例えば、排気弁120が閉状態となった直後の20°)になると、シリンダ内圧センサ132を通じて、シリンダ110内の圧力を直接測定する。
燃料噴射制御部152は、シリンダ内圧センサ132を通じて測定したシリンダ110内の圧力に基づき、クランク角度対内圧曲線を決定する。
次に、燃料噴射制御部152は、決定したクランク角度対内圧曲線に基づいて、燃料噴射弁128の噴射圧力および噴射時間の少なくともいずれか一方を決定する。本実施形態では、理解を容易にするため、噴射圧力を、クランク角度が燃料噴射ポート126に至るまでのシリンダ110内の圧力より高い所定の圧力で固定し、噴射時間(噴射開始タイミングおよび噴射終了タイミング)のみを決定する。ここで、燃料ガス174の供給圧は、調圧器130によって、クランク角度が燃料噴射ポート126に至るまでのシリンダ110内の圧力より十分高く維持される。
…(数式1)
ただし、Minjは燃料ガス噴射量[kg]であり、A0は有効ノズル面積[m2]であり、γは燃料ガスの比熱比[-]であり、P0はノズル入口での燃料ガス圧(噴射圧力)[Pa]であり、P1(t)はノズル出口での燃料ガス圧力(クランク角度対内圧曲線が示す圧力)[Pa]であり、ρ0は燃料ガスの密度[kg/m3]であり、tは噴射期間[s]である。
110 シリンダ
112 ピストン
116 排気ポート
120 排気弁
122 掃気ポート
124 掃気室
126 燃料噴射ポート
128 燃料噴射弁
130 調圧器
132 シリンダ内圧センサ
150 ガバナー
152 燃料噴射制御部
174 燃料ガス
Claims (4)
- シリンダと、
前記シリンダ内を摺動するピストンと、
前記シリンダのストローク方向一端部に設けられ、前記シリンダ内で生じた排気ガスを排気するために開閉される排気弁と、
前記シリンダのストローク方向他端部側の内周面に設けられ、前記ピストンの摺動動作に応じて前記シリンダ内に活性ガスを吸入する掃気ポートと、
前記シリンダの内周面に設けられた燃料噴射ポートと、
前記燃料噴射ポートにおいて燃料ガスを噴射する燃料噴射弁と、
前記燃料噴射弁における燃料ガスの噴射制御を実行する燃料噴射制御部と、
を備え、
前記燃料噴射制御部は、
前記ピストンの往復運動を通じて生じる前記シリンダ内の圧力の変化に基づいて、前記燃料噴射弁の噴射圧力および噴射時間の少なくともいずれか一方を決定する2ストロークユニフローエンジン。 - 前記燃料噴射制御部は、前記ピストンの往復運動を軸回転運動に変換するクランクの角度が予め定められた角度となったときの前記シリンダの内圧に基づいて、前記シリンダの内圧の変化を予測する請求項1に記載の2ストロークユニフローエンジン。
- 前記予め定められた角度は、前記掃気ポートが閉状態になってから前記燃料噴射ポートが閉状態になるまでの任意の角度である請求項2に記載の2ストロークユニフローエンジン。
- 前記燃料噴射制御部は、任意の行程における前記シリンダ内の圧力の変化に基づいて、任意の行程の次の行程における前記燃料噴射弁の噴射圧力および噴射時間の少なくともいずれか一方を決定する請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の2ストロークユニフローエンジン。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DK13800630.9T DK2860376T3 (da) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Totaktsligestrømsmotor |
EP13800630.9A EP2860376B1 (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Two-stroke uniflow engine |
KR1020147035613A KR101702549B1 (ko) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | 2스트로크 유니플로 엔진 |
CN201380028857.8A CN104520558B (zh) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | 二冲程单流发动机 |
US14/559,555 US9556818B2 (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2014-12-03 | Two-stroke uniflow engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2012-128925 | 2012-06-06 | ||
JP2012128925A JP5949183B2 (ja) | 2012-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | 2ストロークユニフローエンジン |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US14/559,555 Continuation US9556818B2 (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2014-12-03 | Two-stroke uniflow engine |
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WO2013183737A1 true WO2013183737A1 (ja) | 2013-12-12 |
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PCT/JP2013/065757 WO2013183737A1 (ja) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | 2ストロークユニフローエンジン |
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US (1) | US9556818B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2860376B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5949183B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101702549B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104520558B (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2860376T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013183737A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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US20140116386A1 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-01 | Electro-Motive Diesel Inc | Fuel system having multiple gaseous fuel injectors |
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CN105569874A (zh) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-11 | 温特图尔汽柴油公司 | 供气系统、气缸、往复活塞式内燃机及其操作方法 |
CN105569876A (zh) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-11 | 温特图尔汽柴油公司 | 供气系统、气缸、往复活塞式内燃机及其操作方法 |
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CN104520558B (zh) | 2017-08-22 |
KR101702549B1 (ko) | 2017-02-03 |
EP2860376B1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
JP5949183B2 (ja) | 2016-07-06 |
EP2860376A4 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
US9556818B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
US20150075485A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
JP2013253529A (ja) | 2013-12-19 |
KR20150013846A (ko) | 2015-02-05 |
DK2860376T3 (da) | 2017-11-06 |
EP2860376A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
CN104520558A (zh) | 2015-04-15 |
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