WO2013183153A1 - エンジンシステム - Google Patents
エンジンシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013183153A1 WO2013183153A1 PCT/JP2012/064719 JP2012064719W WO2013183153A1 WO 2013183153 A1 WO2013183153 A1 WO 2013183153A1 JP 2012064719 W JP2012064719 W JP 2012064719W WO 2013183153 A1 WO2013183153 A1 WO 2013183153A1
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- temperature
- urea
- exhaust gas
- catalyst
- engine system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/34—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air conduits or jet air pumps, e.g. near the engine exhaust port
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20738—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1622—Catalyst reducing agent absorption capacity or consumption amount
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine system.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a technology related to an SCR catalyst that reduces NOx using ammonia generated by hydrolysis of urea as a reducing agent.
- the temperature of the SCR catalyst is controlled by a heater so as to be equal to or higher than the temperature at which urea is hydrolyzed. For this reason, the power consumption of a heater increases and there exists a possibility that a fuel consumption may deteriorate.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an engine system with improved fuel efficiency.
- an engine system in an exhaust passage through which engine exhaust gas passes, a urea injection valve for injecting urea into the exhaust passage, and an exhaust passage downstream of the urea injection valve.
- a catalyst that selectively reduces NOx using ammonia generated by hydrolysis of the injected urea as a reducing agent, a heating unit that can heat the catalyst and the injected urea, and is adsorbed to the catalyst
- an engine system with improved fuel efficiency can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system.
- 2A and 2B are graphs showing the characteristics of the SCR catalyst.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of control executed by the ECU.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system of a first modification.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of control executed by the ECU.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system according to a second modification.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system according to a third modification.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system according to a fourth modification.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system 10 according to an embodiment.
- a diesel engine (hereinafter referred to as an engine) 11 includes an intake manifold 12 and an exhaust manifold 13.
- the intake manifold 12 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 16 of the turbocharger 15 via the intake passage 14.
- the intake passage 14 is provided with an intercooler IC for cooling the intake air, and a valve V for adjusting the intake air amount to the engine 11 is arranged.
- the exhaust manifold 13 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust turbine 18 of the turbocharger 15 via the exhaust passage 17.
- the outlet of the exhaust turbine 18 is connected to the exhaust passage 19. Exhaust gas from the engine 11 passes through the exhaust turbine 18 and is discharged to the exhaust passage 19.
- the engine 11 includes four cylinders C and four fuel injection valves F that directly inject fuel into each of the four cylinders C.
- An EGR passage 14 a is connected between the intake passage 14 and the exhaust passage 17.
- An EGR valve Va is provided in the EGR passage 14a.
- the exhaust passage 19 is provided with a DOC (oxidation catalyst) 20, a DPF (diesel particulate filter) 21, and an SCR catalyst (selective reduction catalyst) 22 in order from the upstream side to the downstream side.
- the DOC 20 oxidizes HC and NO contained in the exhaust gas.
- the DPF 21 collects particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas.
- SCR catalyst 22 reduces NOx in the exhaust gas using ammonia as a reducing agent.
- the SCR catalyst 22 for example, ammonia adsorption type Fe zeolite having a high NOx purification rate at a low temperature is used.
- the SCR catalyst 22 is provided with a temperature sensor S that detects the temperature of the SCR catalyst 22.
- a urea injection valve 25 is disposed in the exhaust passage 19 between the DPF 21 and the SCR catalyst 22.
- the urea injection valve 25 is connected to a tank 28 via a supply pipe 26 and a pump 27. Urea water is stored in the tank 28.
- the urea water is pumped up by the pump 27 and injected from the urea injection valve 25 into the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 19.
- the NOx in the exhaust gas is selectively reduced by the SCR catalyst 22 by the ammonia generated by the hydrolysis of urea.
- a heater H is provided at the upstream end of the SCR catalyst 22.
- the heater H is EHC (Electrically Heated Catalyst).
- the heater H can heat the SCR catalyst 22. Further, as will be described in detail later, the heater H can also generate ammonia by being injected from the urea injection valve 25 and heating and hydrolyzing the urea.
- the heater H is an example of a heating unit.
- a NOx sensor 24 is provided on the upstream side, and a temperature sensor 29 is provided on the downstream side.
- a NOx sensor 33 is provided in the exhaust passage 19 on the downstream side of the SCR catalyst 22.
- the ECU 30 performs overall control of the engine system 10.
- the ECU 30 is a computer that includes a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and the like (not shown).
- the ECU 30 is electrically connected to the urea injection valve 25, the pump 27, the heater H, the valve V, the EGR valve Va, and the like.
- the ECU 30 controls the amount of urea injected from the urea injection valve 25 into the exhaust passage 19.
- the ECU 30 is an example of a control unit that can execute first and second controls described later.
- FIG. 2A is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of the SCR catalyst 22 and the NOx purification rate.
- a line segment CL indicates the NOx purification rate of the SCR catalyst 22 when urea water is supplied to the SCR catalyst 22 at each temperature of the SCR catalyst 22.
- Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is fewer than the temperature T 0, the adsorption amount of ammonia adsorbed on the SCR catalyst 22 is relatively large, the purification rate of NOx is low.
- the temperature of the SCR catalyst 22 is equal to or higher than the temperature T 0 , it is a temperature at which NOx can be reduced by the SCR catalyst 22, and the NOx purification rate is medium.
- urea is hydrolyzed by the SCR catalyst 22 to generate ammonia and NOx is reduced, and the NOx purification rate is high.
- urea is injected from the urea injection valve 25, and the injected urea is hydrolyzed on the SCR catalyst 22 to generate ammonia. NOx reduction was performed.
- a line segment PL shown in FIG. 2A indicates the NOx purification rate at each temperature of the SCR catalyst 22 in a state where ammonia is sufficiently adsorbed on the SCR catalyst 22 in advance.
- ammonia SCR catalyst 22 is sufficiently adsorbed, when the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is the temperature T 0, it can be ammonia and NOx is sufficiently purify NOx by reduction.
- FIG. 2B is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of the SCR catalyst 22 and the amount of ammonia adsorbed on the SCR catalyst 22. As shown in FIG. 2B, it can be seen that the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is less than the temperature T 0 and the amount of adsorption of ammonia is large. In this embodiment, the adsorbed ammonia to the SCR catalyst 22, by raising the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 to the temperature T 0, to purify NOx.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of control executed by the ECU 30.
- the ECU 30 detects the operating state of the engine 11 (step S1). Specifically, the engine speed, engine load, and the like are detected based on output values from a crank angle sensor, an air flow meter, and the like.
- the ECU 30 detects the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 based on the output value from the temperature sensor S (step S2). ECU30, the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is equal to or lower than the temperature T 1 (step S3). That, ECU 30, the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is equal to or less than the temperature T 1 of ammonia by hydrolyzing urea water is generated.
- the ECU 30 turns off the heater H (step S4), calculates the urea injection amount from the urea injection valve 25 (step S11), and injects urea (step S12). Thereby, ammonia is produced
- ECU 30 When the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is lower than temperature T 1 of in step S3, ECU 30 is the adsorption amount of ammonia SCR catalyst 22 is equal to or less than a predetermined value (step S5). A method for calculating the ammonia adsorption amount by the SCR catalyst 22 will be described later. If so determined, that is, when the ammonia adsorption amount is small, ECU 30 determines whether to turn ON the heater H (step S6), and the temperature of the heater H is above the temperature T 1 (step S7). ECU30, the temperature of the heater H is to over temperature T 1, continue to ON heater H.
- the ECU 30 turns on the heater H until the temperature of the heater H reaches a temperature at which ammonia water is hydrolyzed and ammonia is generated.
- the temperature of the heater H is greater than the temperature T 1
- ECU 30 calculates the urea injection amount from the urea injection valve 25 (step S11), and injects urea (step S12). Thereafter, the ECU 30 turns off the heater H (step S13).
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the relationship between the energized state of the heater H, the surface temperature of the heater H, the control state of the urea injection valve 25, and the temperature of the SCR catalyst 22.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the control executed by the ECU 30 when the ammonia adsorption amount of the SCR catalyst 22 is small.
- the timing chart of FIG. 4 corresponds to the processing of steps S5 to S7 and S11 to 13. These processes are examples of the first control.
- the surface temperature Th of the heater H is to be maintained for a predetermined period of urea to hydrolyzable temperature T 1, energization of the heater H is controlled (step S6).
- Surface temperature Th of the heater H is urea from the urea injection valve 25 before and after to a temperature T 1 is ejected.
- Urea is hydrolyzed by the heat received from the heater H to generate ammonia.
- This ammonia is adsorbed by the SCR catalyst 22.
- the SCR catalyst 22 receives the heat from the heater H and rises in temperature.
- the energization of the heater H is turned off. Since the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 does not exceed the temperature T 0 , ammonia is sufficiently adsorbed by the SCR catalyst 22 as shown in FIG. 2B.
- step S3 determines whether the ammonia adsorption amount of the SCR catalyst 22 exceeds a predetermined value.
- ECU30 determines whether the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is above the temperature T 0 (Ste S8).
- the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 to greater than the temperature T 0, continue to ON heater H.
- Temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is more than the temperature T 0, ECU 30 is turned OFF the heater H (step S13).
- the timing chart in FIG. 5 corresponds to the processes in steps S8, S9, and S13. These processes are examples of the second control.
- the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 so as to maintain a predetermined period at a temperature T 0 energization of the heater H is controlled (step S9).
- the surface temperature Th of the heater H is above the temperature T 1. That is, the above-described energization control of the heater H in step S6 is different from the energization control of the heater H in step S9.
- the power used for the heater H in step S9 is larger than the power used for the heater H in step S6. Specifically, the energization period of the heater H in step S9 is longer than the energization period of the heater H in step S6.
- the heater H raises the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 to a temperature T 0 lower than the temperature T 1 to reduce NOx. For this reason, the power consumption of the heater H is suppressed and the fuel consumption is also improved.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the engine system 10a of the first modification.
- the description is abbreviate
- the engine system 10a is not provided with the heater H.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of control executed by the ECU 30a.
- the ECU 30a performs exhaust gas temperature increase control instead of controlling the energization of the heater H (steps S4a, S6a, S9a, 13a). Further, when the ammonia SCR catalyst 22 is not adsorbed, urea temperature Tg of the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas Atsushi Nobori control until the temperatures T 1 to be hydrolyzed is executed (step S6a, 7a). The temperature Tg of the exhaust gas is detected based on the output value of the temperature sensor 29.
- the exhaust gas temperature raising control is executed by the ECU 30a executing post injection or after injection from the fuel injection valve F for a predetermined period. As a result, the temperature of the exhaust gas rises. Post-injection and after-injection are sub-injections that are performed after the main injection, which is the main fuel injection.
- the fuel injection valve F is an example of a heating unit that raises the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- urea is heated by the exhaust gas and hydrolyzed to generate ammonia, and the generated ammonia is adsorbed by the SCR catalyst 22.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas is controlled so that the exhaust gas hydrolyzes urea and the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 becomes lower than the temperature T 0 .
- step S9a as the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 is the predetermined period maintained at a temperature T 0, to control the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- the fuel injection amount consumed in the exhaust gas temperature raising control in step S9a is larger than the fuel injection amount consumed in the exhaust gas temperature raising control in step S6a.
- the period during which post injection or after injection is executed in step S9a is longer than the period during which post injection or after injection is executed in step S6a.
- the intake air amount may be decreased with the execution of after injection or post injection. Specifically, the intake air amount may be reduced by controlling the opening degree of the intake valve V by the ECU 30a during the temperature rise control of the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas temperature raising control may be executed by executing the retard control of the fuel injection timing of the fuel injection valve F without performing after injection or post injection.
- the retard control of the fuel injection By executing the retard control of the fuel injection, the output of the engine 11 decreases and the fuel consumption deteriorates, but the temperature of the exhaust gas increases. Therefore, the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 by retard control of fuel injection as compared with the case of heating to a temperature T 1, the temperature T of the temperature Tc of the then preadsorbed ammonia SCR catalyst 22 SCR catalyst 22 When the temperature is raised to 0, fuel consumption can be prevented from deteriorating.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the engine system 10b of the second modified example.
- the control executed by the ECU 30b will be described with reference to FIG.
- the engine system 10 b includes a secondary air supply device 80.
- the secondary air supply device 80 supplies air taken from outside into the exhaust port of each cylinder C of the engine 11.
- On the supply passage 81 an air pump 82, an air switching valve 83, and a reed valve 84 as a check valve are arranged from the upstream side.
- a pressure sensor 85 is provided between the air pump 82 and the air switching valve 83.
- the air switching valve 83 is connected to a negative pressure passage 86 extending from the intake passage 14 downstream of the throttle valve V.
- An electromagnetic valve 87 is provided in the negative pressure passage 86.
- the downstream side of the supply passage 81 is connected to the exhaust port of each cylinder C.
- An air cleaner 88 is installed at the air intake port of the air pump 82.
- the electromagnetic valve 87 When the electromagnetic valve 87 is opened, the negative pressure in the negative pressure passage 86 is guided to the air switching valve 83 and the air switching valve 83 is opened.
- the air pumped from the air pump 82 flows into the exhaust port of each cylinder C via the supply passage 81.
- the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas increases, and combustion of HC and CO in the exhaust gas is promoted. Thereby, the temperature of exhaust gas rises.
- the exhaust gas whose temperature has risen can also heat the SCR catalyst 22 and the injected urea.
- the secondary air supply device 80 is an example of a heating unit that raises the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- the secondary air supply device 80 In order to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas by the secondary air supply device 80, it is necessary to drive the air pump 82.
- the power consumption of the air pump 82 When the power consumption of the air pump 82 is large, the fuel consumption deteriorates as in the case where the power consumption of the heater H is large.
- step S6a the temperature of the exhaust gas is raised by supplying air to the exhaust gas by the secondary air supply device 80.
- exhaust gas can hydrolyze urea and can produce ammonia.
- step S9a it is possible to raise the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 to a temperature T 0.
- the supply time of air supplied to the exhaust gas in step S9a is longer than the supply time of air supplied to the exhaust gas in step S6a.
- the power consumption of the air pump 82 of the secondary air supply system 80 in the second modification is suppressed Yes. For this reason, deterioration of fuel consumption can be prevented.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system 10c according to a third modification.
- the control which ECU30c performs is demonstrated using FIG.
- a fuel injection valve FA is provided between the exhaust turbine 18 and the DOC 20 in the exhaust passage 19.
- the fuel injection valve FA is connected to the fuel tank via a pump.
- the ECU 30c performs exhaust gas temperature raising control by injecting fuel into the exhaust gas from the fuel injection valve FA.
- the exhaust gas can hydrolyze urea to generate ammonia.
- step S9a raise the temperature Tc of the SCR catalyst 22 to a temperature T 0.
- the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection valve FA is larger than the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection valve FA in step S6a.
- the position where the fuel injection valve FA is provided may be on the exhaust passage 19 and upstream of the urea injection valve 25.
- the fuel injection valve FA is an example of a heating unit that raises the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- a burner may be provided in the exhaust passage 19 instead of the fuel injection valve FA.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an engine system 10d according to a fourth modification.
- the control executed by the ECU 3db will be described with reference to FIG.
- the engine system 10d is provided with a bypass passage B that bypasses the intercooler IC.
- an on-off valve Vb controlled by the ECU 30d is provided in the bypass passage B.
- the on / off valve Vb is controlled to bypass the intercooler IC and introduce the intake air into the engine 11.
- the on / off valve Vb is controlled to bypass the intercooler IC and introduce the intake air into the engine 11.
- the period during which intake air is bypassed from the intercooler IC in step S9a is longer than the period during which intake air is bypassed from the intercooler IC in step S6a.
- the bypass passage B and the on-off valve Vb are an example of a heating unit that raises the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- the intercooler IC is an example of a cooling unit that cools intake air.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas is increased by bypassing the intercooler IC, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the exhaust gas temperature raising control may be executed by bypassing the EGR cooler provided in the EGR passage and returning the exhaust gas to the engine 11.
- the exhaust gas temperature raising control may be executed by bypassing the exhaust gas from the exhaust turbine 18.
- the bypass passage and the on-off valve provided in the bypass passage are an example of a heating unit that raises the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- the concentration of NOx in the exhaust gas flow is estimated based on the engine speed and the fuel injection amount.
- the NOx amount in the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR catalyst 22 is calculated based on the estimated NOx concentration and the intake air amount.
- the NOx amount in the exhaust gas that has passed through the SCR catalyst 22 is calculated. Thereby, the change amount of the NOx amount in the exhaust gas before and after passing through the SCR catalyst 22 can be calculated.
- the calculated change amount of the NOx amount is the same as the NOx amount reduced by the SCR catalyst 22.
- a value obtained by correcting the NOx amount reduced by the SCR catalyst 22 according to the temperature of the SCR catalyst 22 is calculated as an ammonia amount adsorbed on the SCR catalyst 22.
- the ECU 30 calculates the amount of ammonia adsorbed on the SCR catalyst 22.
- the amount of NOx reduced by the SCR catalyst 22 may be calculated based on the difference between the output values of the NOx sensors 24 and 33 arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the SCR catalyst 22, respectively.
- the present invention can also be applied to an engine system equipped with a gasoline engine.
Abstract
Description
11 エンジン
22 SCR触媒
25 尿素噴射弁
30 ECU
80 二次空気供給装置
F、FA 燃料噴射弁
H ヒータ
S 温度センサ
IC インタークーラ
B バイパス通路
Vb 開閉弁
Claims (11)
- エンジンの排気ガスが通過する排気通路と、
前記排気通路に尿素を噴射する尿素噴射弁と、
前記尿素噴射弁よりも下流側の前記排気通路に設けられ、噴射された前記尿素が加水分解して生成されたアンモニアを還元剤としてNOxを選択的に還元する触媒と、
前記触媒及び噴射された前記尿素を加熱可能な加熱部と、
前記触媒に吸着されたアンモニアの量に応じて、前記尿素噴射弁から前記尿素を噴射し前記加熱部により噴射された前記尿素を加熱してアンモニアを生成して前記触媒に吸着させる第1制御、又は前記触媒を前記加熱部によりNOxを還元可能な温度にまで昇温する第2制御を実行する制御部と、を備えたエンジンシステム。 - 前記第1制御実行中では、前記触媒の温度はNOxを還元可能な温度以下である、請求項1のエンジンシステム。
- 前記触媒に吸着されたアンモニア量が所定値未満の場合には、前記制御部は前記第1制御を実行する、請求項1又は2のエンジンシステム。
- 前記触媒に吸着されたアンモニアの量が所定値以上の場合には、前記第2制御を実行する、請求項1乃至3の何れかのエンジンシステム。
- 前記加熱部は、ヒータである、請求項1乃至4の何れかのエンジンシステム。
- 前記加熱部は、前記排気ガスの温度を上昇させることにより、前記触媒及び噴射された前記尿素を加熱可能な燃料噴射弁である、請求項1乃至4の何れかのエンジンシステム。
- 前記加熱部は、アフター噴射及びポスト噴射の少なくとも一つを実行することにより前記排気ガスの温度を昇温させる燃料噴射弁である、請求項6のエンジンシステム。
- 前記加熱部は、前記排気ガスに酸素を供給することにより前記排気ガスの温度を昇温させる二次空気供給装置である、請求項1乃至4の何れかのエンジンシステム。
- 前記加熱部は、前記排気ガスに燃料を添加することにより前記排気ガスの温度を上昇させる燃料添加弁である、請求項1乃至4の何れかのエンジンシステム。
- 前記加熱部は、前記エンジンに導入される吸気の温度を低下させる冷却部をバイパスすることにより前記排気ガスの温度を上昇させるバイパス通路である、請求項1乃至4の何れかのエンジンシステム。
- 前記加熱部は、前記エンジンに燃料を噴射する噴射時期を遅角することにより前記排気ガスの温度を上昇させる燃料噴射弁である、請求項1乃至4の何れかのエンジンシステム。
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PCT/JP2012/064719 WO2013183153A1 (ja) | 2012-06-07 | 2012-06-07 | エンジンシステム |
CN201280073782.0A CN104334846A (zh) | 2012-06-07 | 2012-06-07 | 发动机系统 |
US14/405,547 US9243533B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2012-06-07 | Engine system |
EP12878469.1A EP2860366A4 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2012-06-07 | ENGINE SYSTEM |
JP2014519770A JPWO2013183153A1 (ja) | 2012-06-07 | 2012-06-07 | エンジンシステム |
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US (1) | US9243533B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2860366A4 (ja) |
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WO2018147369A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-16 | エヌ・イーケムキャット株式会社 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
JP2018128006A (ja) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-16 | エヌ・イーケムキャット株式会社 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
JP2019052578A (ja) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-04-04 | マツダ株式会社 | エンジンの排気浄化装置 |
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EP2860366A4 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
US20150184567A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
US9243533B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 |
EP2860366A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
JPWO2013183153A1 (ja) | 2016-01-28 |
CN104334846A (zh) | 2015-02-04 |
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