WO2013180535A1 - 유기전계발광소자 - Google Patents
유기전계발광소자 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013180535A1 WO2013180535A1 PCT/KR2013/004845 KR2013004845W WO2013180535A1 WO 2013180535 A1 WO2013180535 A1 WO 2013180535A1 KR 2013004845 W KR2013004845 W KR 2013004845W WO 2013180535 A1 WO2013180535 A1 WO 2013180535A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- light emitting
- group
- type organic
- organic compound
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- 125000005401 siloxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003413 spiro compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[3-(1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsilol-1-yl)propyl]azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)CCC[Si]1(C)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/854—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
- H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
- H10K50/157—Hole transporting layers between the light-emitting layer and the cathode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
- H10K50/167—Electron transporting layers between the light-emitting layer and the anode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/633—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/40—Organosilicon compounds, e.g. TIPS pentacene
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent device.
- the organic electroluminescent device converts current into visible light by injecting electrons and holes into the organic material layer from two electrodes.
- the organic light emitting display device may have a multilayer structure including two or more organic material layers.
- the organic light emitting device may further include an electron or hole injection layer, an electron or hole blocking layer, or an electron or hole transport layer, in addition to the light emitting layer.
- An organic light emitting display device is an anode; Cathode; And a light emitting layer provided between the anode and the cathode, and includes a light scattering insect provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode.
- the organic light emitting diode includes: a first charge transport path provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode; And a second charge transport path provided between the light emitting layer and the anode,
- the crab 1 charge transport path includes a giant U P-type organic material layer adjacent to the cathode; And a first n-type organic compound layer provided between the first P-type organic materialworm and the light emitting layer.
- the light scattering layer may be the first p-type organic compound layer, or the light scattering layer may be provided between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer.
- the organic light emitting device is A buffer layer provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode,
- the buffer layer is adjacent to the cathode and has a first p-type organic compound layer; And a first n-type organic compound layer provided between the first P-type organic compound layer and the light emitting layer.
- the light scattering layer is the first P-type organic compound layer, or the light scattering layer is provided between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer.
- the organic light emitting device is provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode, the first P-type organic compound layer; And a first n-type organic compound layer provided between the light emitting layer and the first p-type organic compound layer,
- the light scattering layer is the first P-type organic compound layer, or the light scattering layer is provided between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer.
- Embodiments according to the present specification can improve the light extraction efficiency by changing the path of the light generated inside the device by the light scattering layer.
- 1 to 3 illustrate a lamination structure of an organic layer of an organic light emitting display device according to exemplary embodiments of the present specification, respectively.
- FIG. 4 illustrates charge transfer between the first p-type organic compound layer and the cathode in the organic light emitting display device illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- FIG. 5 illustrates charge transfer between the light emitting layer, the first n-type organic material layer, the C-type P-type organic material insect, and the cathode in the organic light emitting display device shown in FIG. 3.
- 6 and 7 illustrate charge transfer between a light emitting layer, a first n-type organic compound layer, a system 1P-type organic compound layer, and a cathode in an organic light emitting display device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present specification.
- 10A to 10F are SEM photographs photographing the surface characteristics of the light scattering layer prepared in the experimental example.
- 11A to 11C are SEM images of surface characteristics of the organic material layer formed in the experimental example.
- n-type means n-type semiconductor characteristics.
- n The type organic compound layer is an organic layer having a property of injecting or transporting electrons at the LUM0 energy level, and this is an organic layer having a property of a material whose electron mobility is greater than that of the hole.
- P-type means P-type semiconductor characteristics.
- the p-type organic material layer is an organic material layer having a property of injecting or transporting holes at the highest occupied molecular orbital (HO0) energy level, which is an organic material layer having a property of a material in which hole ions are larger than electron mobility.
- the 'organic material layer for transporting charge on the HOMO energy level' and the p-type organic material layer may be used as the same meaning.
- the 'organic material layer transporting charge at the LUM0 energy level' and the n-type organic material layer may be used in the same sense.
- the energy level means the magnitude of energy. Therefore, even when the energy level is displayed in the negative (-) direction from the vacuum level, the energy level is interpreted to mean the absolute value of the corresponding energy value.
- HOMO energy level means the distance from the vacuum level to the highest occupied molecular orbital.
- LUM0 energy level means the distance from the vacuum level to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital.
- the charge means electrons or holes.
- the 'charge transport path' means a path through which electrons or holes are transported.
- the path may be at an interlayer interface or may be made through additional layers.
- the first charge transport path includes a first p-type organic layer and a first n-type organic compound layer.
- the second charge transport path may include only an interface between the anode and the light emitting layer, or may include a layer further provided between the anode and the light emitting layer.
- 'non-doped' means that the organic material constituting the organic material layer is not doped by a material having different properties.
- the 'undoped' organic layer is a P-type material, it may mean that the n-type material is not doped.
- the non-organic inorganic material is not doped in the P-type organic material.
- Organic materials having the same properties, for example, P-type properties may be used by mixing two or more because their properties are similar.
- An undoped organic material layer means a case where the property is made only of a material having the same kind of property.
- an organic light emitting device comprising a.
- a laminated structure of layers is illustrated in FIG. 1. According to FIG. 1, an anode, a light emitting layer, a light scattering layer, and a cathode are stacked on a substrate.
- the light scattering layer may include a light scattering structure provided in the layer or on the layer surface.
- the light scattering structure may be formed by a particle structure formed by clustering molecules of a material included in the light scattering layer.
- the particle structure includes individual particles formed by clustering molecules or a structure in which the particles are aggregated.
- the structure formed by the aggregation of particles refers to a case in which the surface or the skeleton of at least a part of each of the particles maintains the shape before the aggregation. Therefore, roughness occurs in the layer or the surface of the light scattering layer due to the structure of the individual particles or the aggregated structure maintaining the shape of at least part of the surface or skeleton before the particles are aggregated.
- the degree of roughness due to the particle structure formed by clustering molecules of the material included in the light scattering layer may be 2 to 50 nm.
- the roughness is Ra value in the AFMCatomic force microscope data.
- Ra is calculated as an average value of the difference of the surface height in the surface which has roughness.
- a light scattering layer having roughness according to the particle structure is provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer, thereby maximizing light extraction efficiency due to light scattering.
- the light emission efficiency may be maximized by minimizing the light absorption according to the surface plasma.
- the thickness uniformity of the organic matter layer is achieved in comparison with the light emitting layer or the light scattering structure in the organic material layer in contact with the light emitting layer. This can prevent the device efficiency from dropping.
- the material included in the light scattering layer is an organic material.
- the light scattering function may be imparted by roughness according to a particle structure formed by forming organic molecules in clusters.
- the specific kind of organic material may have a grain structure having roughness as described above only by being formed into a layer by a deposition method.
- the particle structure may be formed by depositing two or more kinds of materials together at a specific component ratio, or may form a particle structure having the same roughness by only vapor deposition even by one type of material due to inherent physical properties.
- the size of the particles formed by forming a cluster of molecules of the material in the light scattering layer may vary (grain size).
- the particle size of the particles formed by clustering molecules of the material included in the light scattering layer may be several microns, for example, may be in the range of 0.5 to 30 micrometers, specifically 1 to 10 microns.
- the roughness described above may be adjusted according to the particle size of the particles. In order to control the particle size of the particles, it is possible to select the type of material, the combination of materials or the combination ratio for forming the light scattering layer.
- the size or roughness of the particles formed by clustering molecules of the material contained in the light scattering layer may vary.
- the thickness of the light scattering layer may be selected according to the type of material or the process conditions, and may be, for example, 20 to 500 nm, specifically, 50 to 200 nm.
- the light scattering layer is provided in physical contact with the cathode.
- the surface in contact with the light scattering layer of the cathode may have a form of particle structure having a roughness on the surface in contact with the cathode of the light scattering layer.
- the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the light scattering layer of the cathode may have a particle structure having a roughness on the surface in contact with the cathode of the light scattering layer.
- the organic electroluminescent device includes a first charge transport path provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode; And a second charge transport path provided between the light emitting layer and the anode, wherein the first charge transport path is a first p-type organic material layer associated with the cathode; and the 1p-type organic material layer and the
- the light emitting layer includes a first n-type organic compound layer, wherein the light scattering layer is the first p-type organic compound layer, or the light scattering layer is provided between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer.
- the organic electroluminescent device includes a buffer layer provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode, the buffer layer is adjacent to the cathode and the first p-type organic compound layer; And a first n-type organic compound layer provided between the first p-type organic compound layer and the light emitting layer, wherein the light scattering layer is the first p-type organic compound layer, or the light scattering layer is the first p-type organic compound layer and the first layer. It is provided between n-type organic compound layers.
- the organic electroluminescent device is provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode, the first p-type organic compound layer; And a first n-type organic compound layer provided between the light emitting layer and the first p-type organic compound layer, wherein the light scattering layer is The first p-type organic compound layer or the light scattering layer is provided between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer.
- the 1 p type organic compound layer can improve the bonding properties between the light scattering layer and the cathode.
- An example of an organic light emitting display device having such an effect is illustrated in FIG. 2.
- an anode, a light emitting layer, a first n-type organic compound layer, a light scattering layer, a first p-type organic compound layer, and a cathode are sequentially stacked on the substrate.
- 2 illustrates an example in which an anode is provided on a substrate, but a case in which a cathode is provided on a substrate is also included in the scope of the present exemplary embodiment.
- an organic light emitting display device may have a structure in which a cathode, a first p-type organic compound layer, a light scattering layer, a first n-type organic compound layer, a light emitting layer, and an anode are sequentially stacked.
- the introduction of one layer may simultaneously show not only the effect of introducing the first p-type organic compound layer but also the effect of the light scattering layer.
- An example of an organic light emitting display device having such an effect is illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the light scattering layer may include a polycyclic condensed ring compound and an arylamine-based compound.
- the light scattering layer including the polycyclic condensed ring compound and the arylamine compound may be provided between the first P-type organic compound layer or between the first P-type organic compound layer and the system 1 n-type organic compound layer.
- Examples of the arylamine-based compound include a compound of Formula 1
- Ar 1 and Ar 3 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group. In this case, at least one of Ar 1 Ar 2 and Ar 3 is an aromatic hydrocarbon
- Aromatic hydrocarbon may include a substituent, each substituent may be the same, or may be composed of different substituents.
- Aromatic Hydro of A, Ar 2 and Ar 3 Non-carbon carbons include hydrogen; Linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons; It may be a heterocyclic group containing A, 0, S or Se.
- a to Ar 3 may be substituted or unsubstituted with alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or arylamine.
- the alkyl includes straight or branched chain alkyl of from to C 20 .
- the aryl includes C 6 to C 60 monocyclic or polycyclic aryl.
- the heteroaryl includes a monocyclic or polycyclic heteroaryl including S, 0 or Se as a hetero atom.
- the arylamine includes C 6 to C 60 monocyclic or polycyclic aryl groups substituted with one or two aryl groups.
- Examples of the compound of Formula 1 include a compound of Formula 1-1 or 1-2. 4 3
- ⁇ ⁇ to Ar 4 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently substituted or unsubstituted.
- C 6 to C 60 aryl which may combine with adjacent groups to form a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic ring,
- Ar 5 is substituted or unsubstituted C 6 to C 60 arylene.
- a to Ar 4 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorenyl, or an alkyl such as methyl. Is a group substituted with.
- Formula 1-1 is phenylene, naphthylene, biphenylene, terphenylene, fluorenylene, or they are alkyl, such as methyl, aryl or arylamine group such as phenyl Substituted group.
- Ar 9 to ⁇ 14 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently substituted or unsubstituted.
- C 6 to C 60 aryl which may combine with adjacent groups to form a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic ring,
- Ar 6 to Ar 8 are the same as or different from each other, and each independently substituted or unsubstituted
- Ar 9 to 14 are the same as or different from each other, and each independently phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorenyl, or alkyl such as methyl Is a group substituted with.
- Ar 6 to Ar 8 are the same as or different from each other, and are each independently phenylene, naphthylene, biphenylene, terphenylene, fluorenylene, or methyl and Groups substituted with the same alkyl, aryl such as phenyl or arylamine groups.
- Chemical Formula 1 include the following chemical formulas, but the scope of the embodiments described herein is not necessarily limited thereto.
- arylamine-based compound includes NPB (N, N'-bis (naphthyl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl benzidine)).
- polycyclic condensed ring compound includes a compound of Formula 2 below. [Formula 2]
- R to R are each hydrogen, a halogen atom nitrile (-
- Examples of Chemical Formula 2 include the following Chemical Formulas 2-1 to 2-6.
- the weight ratio of the content of the polycyclic condensation compound to the content of the arylamine-based compound in the light scattering layer may be in the range of 1/7 to 5/7. Appropriate roughness may be formed within the above range.
- the light scattering insect may include a compound of Formula 3 below.
- the light scattering layer including the compound of Formula 3 may be provided between the first p-type organic compound layer or between the first P-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer.
- the compound of Formula 3 may be used as a material to simultaneously show the effect of the p-type organic compound layer and the effect of the light scattering layer of FIG.
- the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following materials.
- R lc to R 6c may be the same as or different from each other, and each independently a hydrogen atom; Halogen atom, amino group nitrile group, nitro group, ( ⁇ (: 30 alkyl group, C 2 ⁇ C 30 alkenyl group ,
- Chemical Formula 3 is the following Chemical Formula 3a.
- R lc and R 2c may be substituted or unsubstituted, straight or branched, straight chain, branched, alkyl group having a:: 30 cyclo group of C 3 ⁇ C 30 . It may be an alkyl group.
- R lc and R 2c may be methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, or cyclonucleus.
- R c may be an aryl ring of teeth or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic C 6 ⁇ C 30.
- R 3c and! In Chemical Formula 3 or 3a may be phenyl or naphthyl.
- Examples of Chemical Formula 3 include compounds represented by the following Chemical Formulas 3-1 to 3-5.
- the light scattering layer includes one organic material and it is a p-type organic material.
- the compound of Formula 3 may be used as a p-type organic material.
- the light scattering layer includes two organic materials, one of which is an n-type organic material, and the other of which is a p-type organic material.
- the n- type organic material may serve as a P-type dopant with respect to the p-type organic material.
- the n-type organic compound may be a compound of Formula 2
- the p-type organic compound may be a compound of Formula 1.
- an organic material layer may be further provided between the light emitting layer and the anode.
- the organic material layer which may be provided between the light emitting layer and the anode may be a p-type organic material layer. Examples of the p-type organic compound layer between the light emitting layer and the anode include a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer.
- the term "organic water layer adjacent to the cathode" refers to an organic material layer disposed closer to the cathode than the anode, based on the light emitting layer.
- the organic matter adjacent to the cathode may include a case in which the cathode is in physical contact with the cathode.
- the case where an additional layer is provided between the organic layer adjacent to the cathode and the cathode is not completely excluded.
- an n-type organic compound layer is disposed between the cathode and the light emitting layer to receive or transport electrons through the LUM0 energy level.
- the arrangement of the p-type organic material layer as the organic material layer adjacent to the cathode is contrary to the technique conceived in the field of the organic light emitting device.
- the first p-type organic compound layer is disposed as the organic compound layer adjacent to the cathode.
- the first n-type organic compound layer is disposed between the first P-type organic compound layer and the light emitting layer.
- charge may be generated between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer. Holes in the charge generated between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer move toward the cathode through the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer.
- the conventional organic EL device includes an n-type organic material layer as an organic material layer adjacent to the cathode. Therefore, the barrier for injecting electrons from the cathode was the difference between the work function of the cathode and the LUM0 energy level of the n-type organic compound layer. Therefore, in the structure of the conventional organic EL device, in order to lower the electron injection barrier, an electron injection layer such as a LiF layer is introduced, an alkali or alkaline earth metal is doped into the electron transport layer, or a low work function metal is used as the cathode material. It was.
- FIG. 4 A schematic diagram of charge transfer between the cathode and the first p-type organic compound layer in the device, for example, the organic electroluminescent device shown in FIG. 2 or 3, is illustrated in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 4 holes transported to the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer meet and disappear with electrons of the cathode. Therefore, there is no electron injection barrier between the cathode and the first p-type organic compound layer. Therefore, in the embodiment according to the present specification, no effort is required to lower the electron injection barrier from the cathode to the organic material layer.
- the cathode material may be selected from materials having various work functions.
- the light emission characteristic of the organic light emitting device is one of the important characteristics of the device.
- it is important to have a charge balance in the light emitting region.
- the electrons transported from the cathode and the holes transported from the anode need to be quantitatively balanced, but also the point where the electrons and the holes meet together to form an exciton is in the emission region.
- the cavity of the device means a length at which light can resonate in the device.
- the upper electrode is a transparent electrode and the lower electrode is a reflective electrode, it may mean a length from an upper surface of the upper electrode to an upper surface of the lower electrode.
- the distance from the light emitting layer to the cathode may include surface plasmon, metal, waveguide mode, substrate mode, and out-coup led mode. It may also affect the light loss due to the mode. Therefore, it may be necessary to adjust the distance from the light emitting layer to the cathode.
- an increase in the thickness of the n-type organic material layer adjacent to the cathode causes an unbalance of charge. Can cause.
- the thickness of the first p-type organic compound layer adjacent to the cathode may be adjusted. That is, adjusting the thickness of the first P-type organic material layer may be used to control the cavity of the device or the distance between the light emitting layer and the cathode. Can be.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a structure from the cathode to the light emitting layer of the structure of the organic light emitting display device as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3.
- the distance (D) from the light emitting point in the light emitting layer to the cathode is used as the distance related to the cavity of the device.
- the light emitting point in the light emitting layer means a point that is actually emitted according to the balance of electrons and holes.
- the light emitting point may vary depending on the material of the light emitting layer. In the art, for convenience, a middle point of the light emitting layer or an interface between the light emitting layer and another layer may be set as the light emitting point.
- the distance (D) from the light emitting point in the light emitting layer to the cathode can be adjusted by an integer multiple of the [index of refraction * lambda / 4] of the organic layer. Is the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting layer. Since lights having different colors have different wavelengths, the distance D from the light emitting point to the cathode in the light emitting layer may be adjusted differently according to the color of light emitted from the light emitting layer. In addition, according to the refractive index of the organic layer, the distance (D) from the light emitting point in the light emitting layer to the cathode may be adjusted differently. At this time, when the organic material layer is two or more layers, the refractive index of the organic material layer can be calculated by calculating the sum of the refractive indices of each charge.
- the penetration depth of the light varies according to the type of the cathode material.
- the type of cathode material changes the phase of the light reflected from the cathode surface. In consideration of the phase difference which is changed at this time, it is necessary to adjust the distance D from the light emitting point in the light emitting layer to the cathode.
- the material of the cathode can also affect the distance from the light emitting layer to the cathode.
- phase matching of the light traveling from the light emitting layer to the cathode and the light reflected from the cathode occurs, constructive interference occurs to enable bright light, and conversely, phase mismatching between the lights. ), Destructive interference occurs, and part of the light is lost. According to the phenomenon of phase matching and phase mismatching, the brightness of the emitted light appears in the form of a sine curve according to the distance from the light emitting layer to the cathode.
- the X-axis value of the point where the brightness of the light is the maximum from the light emitting layer to the cathode. can be set to the distance of.
- the distance to the light emitting layer may be controlled to balance the amount of holes and the amount of electrons in the light emitting layer.
- the balance between the amount of holes and the amount of electrons means that holes and electrons injected into the light emitting layer recombine in the light emitting layer to effectively form excitons for light emission. It means minimizing the loss.
- the aim is to reduce the amount of holes and electrons that disappear without achieving quantitative balance between injected holes and electrons.
- the hole mobility of a material that transports holes between the anode and the light emitting layer, that is, in the system 2 charge transport path is the electron mobility of the material that transports electrons between the cathode and the light emitting layer, that is, in the system 1 charge transport path.
- NPB hole mobility is 8.8 X 10 " cmVvs
- Alq3 electron mobility is 6.7 X 10 " 5 cm vs.
- the distance from the interface between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer or the interface between the light scattering layer and the first n3 ⁇ 4 organic compound layer to the light emitting layer is from the anode to the light emitting layer. Shorter than the distance can be configured.
- the distance from the boundary surface of the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer or the interface of the light scattering layer and the first n-type organic compound layer to the light emitting layer may be 100 to 500 A.
- the distance from the anode to the light emitting layer may be 500 to 5,000 A.
- specific values may be adjusted differently according to the characteristics of the light emitting layer or the user.
- the thickness of the first p-type organic layer may be adjusted for stability of the device.
- the stability of the device can be further improved without affecting charge balance or voltage rise in the device.
- the stability of the device refers to the degree to prevent the short phenomenon caused by the contact between the anode and the cathode that may occur when the thickness of the device is thin.
- the stability of the device can be improved, but the driving voltage increases rapidly, thereby reducing power efficiency.
- attempts have been made to control the thickness of the n-type organic compound layer provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer at the same time and to dope the metal, but this causes an increase in the light absorption rate and a decrease in the lifetime. There was a problem of getting complicated.
- the n-type organic material provided in the cathode and the light emitting layer is n-type organic material provided in the cathode and the light emitting layer
- the distance from the cathode to the light emitting layer may be longer than the distance from the anode to the light emitting layer in consideration of the stability of the device. Even in this configuration, unlike the prior art, it does not affect charge balance or voltage rise.
- the thickness of the system 1 p-type organic layer may be adjusted to more than 5 nm, the thicker the thickness of the device stability It can increase.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the first P-type organic compound layer is not particularly determined and can be determined by those skilled in the art.
- the thickness of the first p-type organic compound layer may be selected at 500 nm or less in consideration of process ease.
- the cavity of the organic light emitting device is formed by
- the thickness of the low U-type organic compound layer may be controlled such that the length of the cavity is an integer multiple of the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting layer.
- the light emission efficiency by the constructive interference of light can be improved.
- a distance from an interface between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer or an interface between the light scattering layer and the first n-type organic compound layer to the light emitting layer and from the anode is controlled to balance the amount of holes and electrons in the light emitting layer, and the cavity length of the organic electroluminescent device is an integer multiple of the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting layer.
- the thickness of the first p-type organic compound layer may be controlled.
- the movement time of electrons from the interface of the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer or the interface of the light scattering layer and the first n-type organic compound layer to the emission layer and the The movement time of the holes from the anode to the light emitting layer is controlled so that the holes and electrons of the device can be quantitatively balanced in the light emitting layer, and the cavity length of the organic light emitting device is the wavelength of the light emitted from the light emitting layer.
- the thickness of the first P-type organic compound layer may be controlled to be an integer multiple of.
- the difference between the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer and the LIM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer is 2 eV or less.
- a difference between the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer and the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer may be greater than 0 eV and less than or equal to 2 eV, or greater than 0 eV and less than 0.5 or less than eV.
- the material of the first P-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer is different from the H0M0 energy level of the 1 p-type organic compound and the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer. It may be selected to be 0.01 eV or more and 2 eV or less.
- the NP junction When the NP junction is formed, the difference between the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer and the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer is reduced. Therefore, when an external voltage is applied, holes and electrons are easily formed from the NP junction.
- the first p-type organic compound layer is 'undoped'.
- the first P-type organic compound layer When the first P-type organic compound layer is undoped, unexpected absorption of visible light may be prevented by formation of a charge transfer complex between the dopant and the host, and thus the reduction of the luminous efficiency may be prevented.
- the first p-type organic compound layer When the first p-type organic compound layer is undoped, it is distinguished from a layer having p-type semiconductor properties by doping the p-type dopant to the conventional organic material.
- the type 1 P-type organic compound layer does not exhibit p-type semiconductor characteristics by a p-type dopant, and includes an organic material which itself has p-type semiconductor characteristics. If the organic material having a p-type semiconductor properties, two or more organic materials may be included in the first p-type organic material layer.
- the work function of the cathode may have a value equal to or less than the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer.
- a difference between the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer and the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer may be 2 eV or less.
- the difference between the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer and the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer may be greater than 0 eV and less than 2 eV, or greater than 0 eV and 0.5 eV.
- the material of the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer is different from the HOMO energy level of the 1 p-type organic compound and the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer. It may be selected to be 0.01 eV or more and 2 eV or less.
- the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer may be NP contact between them can easily occur when contacted. In this case, the driving voltage for electron injection can be lowered.
- the cathode and the first p-type organic insect may be in contact with each other.
- the cathode When the cathode is in contact with the first p-type organic compound layer and the work function of the cathode has a value equal to or greater than the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer, the HOMO energy of the cathode and the first p-type organic compound layer Even if the level difference is large, electrons are easily injected from the cathode to the HOMO level of the first p-type organic compound layer. This is because holes generated at the NP junction between the system 1 p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer move toward the cathode along the first p-type organic compound layer. In general, electrons have no barriers when moving from low to high energy levels. Also, holes do not create barriers when moving from high to low energy levels. Therefore, electron transfer from the cathode to the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer is possible without an energy barrier.
- An additional layer may be further provided between the cathode and the first p-type organic compound layer.
- the HOMO energy level of the additional layer is equal to the work function of the cathode or the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer, or between the work function of the cathode or HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer. Can be.
- the type 1 p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer may contact each other.
- an NP junction is formed between the first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic compound layer.
- the difference between the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic compound layer and the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer is reduced. Therefore, when an external voltage is applied, holes and electrons are easily formed from the NP junction.
- an organic material having a p-type semiconductor characteristic may be used.
- an aryl amine compound can be used.
- An example of the arylamine compound is a compound of Formula 1.
- the first n-type organic compound layer is not limited to a single material, and may be formed of one or two or more compounds having n-type semiconductor properties.
- the first n-type organic compound layer may be formed of a single layer, or may include two or three or more layers. In this case, each of the two or more layers may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials. If necessary, at least one of the layers constituting the first n-type organic material layer may be doped by an n-type dopant.
- the first n-type organic compound layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of transferring charge through the LUM0 energy level between the first p-type organic compound layer and the light emitting layer.
- the compound of Formula 2 may be used.
- the first n-type organic compound layer is 2, 3, 5, 6-tetrafluoro-7, 7, 8, 8 ⁇ tetracyano noquinomethane (F4TCNQ), fluorine-substituted 3, 4, 9 , 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), cyano ⁇ substituted 3′4, 9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA), fluorine-substituted naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) and cyano-substituted naphthalenetetracarboxylicdianhydride (NTCDA). All.
- the first n-type organic compound layer material an organic material having an n-type semiconductor property used as an electron injection or transport material known in the art may be used. Specifically, the following materials may be used, but are not limited thereto.
- a compound having a functional group selected from an imidazole group, an oxazole group, a thiazole group, a quinoline, and a phenanthrene group can be used as an example of the first n-type organic compound layer material.
- the compound having a functional group selected from the imidazole group, the oxazole group and the thiazole group include a compound of the compound of formula 4 or 5:
- R 1 to R 4 may be the same as or different from each other, and each independently a hydrogen atom; Halogen atom, amino group, nitrile group, nitro group, (: ⁇ (: 30 alkyl group, C 2 ⁇ C 30 alkenyl group, (: alkoxy group, C 3 ⁇ C 30 cycloalkyl group, C 3 ⁇ C with a 30 heterocycloalkyl group, C 6 ⁇ C 30 aryl group and C 2 ⁇ with one or more groups selected line from the group consisting of a heteroaryl group of C 30, a substituted or unsubstituted (: ⁇ (: 30 alkyl group; a halogen atom, Amino group, nitrile group, nitro group, Ci-Cso ⁇ alkyl group, C 2 ⁇ C 30 alkenyl group, C ⁇ C 30 alkoxy group, C 3 ⁇ C 30 cycloalkyl group, C 3 ⁇ C 30 heterocycloalkyl group Or substituted
- Ar 1 is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hetero ring;
- X is 0, S or NR;
- R may be hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon of dC 6 , an aromatic ring or an aromatic hetero ring.
- X is a divalent hydrocarbon group of 0, S, NR or dC 7 ;
- A, D and R are each a hydrogen atom, a nitrile group (-CN), a nitro group (-N0 2 ), an alkyl of dC ⁇ , an aromatic ring of C 5 -C 20 or a substituted aromatic ring containing a hetero atom, Halogen, or an alkylene containing an alkylene or hetero atom capable of forming a fused ring with an adjacent ring;
- a and D may be joined to form an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring;
- B is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or arylene which connects a plurality of hetero rings to be conjugated or unconjugated as a connecting unit when n is 2 or more, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl when n is 1; n is an integer from 1 to 8.
- Examples of the compound of Formula 5 include compounds known from Korean Patent Publication No. 2003-0067773, and examples of the compound of Formula 5 include compounds described in US Patent No. 5,645,948 and W005 / 097756. It includes the compound described in. remind The documents are incorporated herein in their entirety.
- the compound of Formula 4 also includes a compound of Formula 6:
- R to R are the same as or different from each other, and each independently a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic ring, an aromatic hetero ring, or an aliphatic or aromatic condensed ring of d-Ca);
- Ar is a direct bond, an aromatic ring or an aromatic hetero ring;
- X is 0, S or NR a ;
- R is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon of dC 6 , an aromatic ring or an aromatic hetero ring; Except that R 5 and R 6 are hydrogen at the same time.
- the compound of Formula 5 also includes a compound of Formula 7:
- Z is 0, S or NR; R and R are hydrogen atoms, d-
- B is an alkylene, arylene, substituted alkylene, or substituted arylene that connects a plurality of benzazoles to be conjugated or non-conjugated as a connecting unit when n is 2 or more, and when n is 1, substituted or unsubstituted Alkyl or aryl; n is an integer from 1 to 8.
- ⁇ is an integer from 0 to 9
- m is an integer of 2 or more
- R is an alkenyl group such as an alkyl group such as hydrogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as cyclohexyl, norbornyl, a benzyl group, an aralkyl group such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a cyclopentadienyl group, or a cyclo Oxygen valences of ether bonds of arylethers such as alkylthio groups and phenoxy groups substituted with sulfur atoms by cycloalkenyl groups such as nucleenyl groups, alkoxy groups such as methoxy groups, and ether bonds of alkoxy groups
- Aryl groups such as arylthioether groups, phenyl groups, naphthyl groups and biphenyl groups substituted with sulfur atoms, heterocyclic groups such as furyl groups,
- the substituents may be unsubstituted or substituted, and when n is 2 or more, the substituents may be the same or different from each other, and Y is a divalent or more group of the groups of R 9 .
- Examples of the compound having a phenanthryl group include compounds represented by the following Chemical Formulas 15 to 25, but are not limited thereto.
- n is an integer of 1 or more
- n and p are integers
- n + p is 8 or less
- R 10 and R 11 is hydrogen, methyl, alkenyl such as an aralkyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group such as an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl haeksil, norbornyl such as a cycloalkyl group, a benzyl group in the group and the like Cycloalkenyl groups, such as a silyl group, a cyclopentadienyl group, and a cyclonuxenyl group, an alkoxy group, such as meso groups, the alkylthio group in which the oxygen atom of the ether bond of an alkoxy group was substituted by the sulfur atom, the arylether group, such as the phenoxy group, and arylether Aryl thioether group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, biphenyl group, etc.
- Aryl group the furyl group, thienyl group, oxazolyl group, pyridyl group, quinolyl group, carbazolyl group in which the oxygen atom of the ether bond of the group was substituted by the sulfur atom.
- Heterosilyl groups such as heterocyclic groups, halogens, cyano groups, ⁇ dehyde groups, carbonyl groups, carboxyl groups, ester groups, carbamoyl groups, amino groups, nitro groups, trimethylsilyl groups, and ether bonds; It is selected from the ring structure between the siloxanyl group which is a group which has a silicon, and an adjacent substituent through;
- R 10 is a direct bond or a divalent or higher group of the aforementioned groups, and R U is the same as when m is 1,
- the substituents may be unsubstituted or substituted, and when n or p is 2 or more, the substituents may be the same or different from each other.
- R to R and R to R are each a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 5 to 60 nuclear atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted quinolyl group, substituted Or an unsubstituted 1-50 alkyl group, a bicyclic or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3-50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having 6 to 50 nuclear atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted An aryloxy group having 5 to 50 nuclear atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylthio group having 5 to 50 atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted
- cb d to d and g are each a hydrogen or an aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon group, m and n are integers of 0 to 2, and p is an integer of 0 to 3.
- the compounds of Formulas 23 and 24 are described in US Patent Publication 2007/0122656, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- R to R are each a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group or a halogen atom, Ar and Ar are each selected from the following structural formula.
- R 17 to R 23 in the above structural formulas each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, or a halogen atom.
- the compound of Formula 25 is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-107263, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- At least one organic material layer may be further included between the first n-type organic material layer and the emission layer.
- One or two or more electron transport layers, a hole blocking layer, and the like may be provided between the first ri type organic compound layer and the emission layer.
- each layer constituting the organic light emitting display device will be described in detail.
- the materials of each layer described below may be a single material or
- It may be a mixture of two or more materials.
- the anode includes a metal, metal oxide or conductive polymer.
- the conductive polymer may include an electrically conductive polymer.
- the anode may have a work function value of about 3.5 to 5.5 eV.
- exemplary conductive materials include carbon, aluminum, vanadium, crumb, copper, zinc, silver, gold, other metals and alloys thereof; Zinc oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (IT0), indium zinc oxide and other similar metal oxides; ⁇ ⁇ O: A1 and Sn0 2 : Sb such as a mixture of oxides and metals.
- a transparent material may be used, or an opaque material may be used. In the case of the structure emitting light in the anode direction, the anode may be formed transparent.
- transparent means that the light emitted from the organic material layer can transmit, and the light transmittance is not particularly limited.
- the organic light emitting device according to the present disclosure is a front light emitting type, and the anode is formed on the substrate before the formation of the organic layer and the cathode, as an anode material, not only the transparent material but also the light reflection is excellent.
- Transparent materials can also be used.
- a transparent material is used as the anode material or the opaque material becomes transparent. It should be formed into a thin film.
- a second charge transport path is formed.
- a second p-type organic compound layer may be included between the light emitting layer and the anode. 8 illustrates an energy flow when the second p-type organic compound layer is provided.
- the second p-type organic compound layer may be a hole injection layer (HIL) or a hole transport layer (HTL).
- HIL hole injection layer
- HTL hole transport layer
- the materials mentioned as the first p-type organic material may be used.
- a fourth n-type organic compound layer may be provided between the second p-type organic compound layer and the anode.
- the difference between the HOMO energy level of the second p-type organic compound layer and the LUM0 energy level of the fourth n-type organic layer may be 2 eV or less and 1 eV or less, for example, about 0.5 eV.
- the second p-type organic compound layer and the fourth n-type organic compound layer may contact each other. As a result, the second p-type organic compound layer and the fourth n-type organic compound layer may form an NP junction. 9 illustrates an energy flow when the fourth n-type organic compound layer is provided.
- the difference between the LUM0 energy level of the fourth n-type organic compound layer and the work function of the anode may be 4 eV or less.
- the fourth n-type organic compound layer and the anode may contact.
- Vs 1 cm or may have an electron mobility of about 10- 6 cm 2 / Vs ⁇ 10- 2 cm 2 / Vs. It is advantageous for efficient injection of holes to fall within the electron mobility range.
- the fourth n-type organic compound layer may be a vacuum deposition material or solution process
- the fourth n-type organic material include, but are not limited to, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinomethane (F4TCNQ), fluorine-substituted 3 , 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (FTCDA), cyano-substituted PTCDA, naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA), fluorine-substituted NTCDA, cyano-substituted NTCDA or nucleonitrile nucleated azatriphenylene (HAT).
- F4TCNQ 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinomethane
- FTCDA 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinomethane
- FTCDA 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetra
- the second p-type organic compound layer may include an arylamine-based compound, a conductive polymer, or a block copolymer including a conjugated portion and a non-conjugated portion, but is not limited thereto.
- the light emitting layer since hole and electron transfer occur simultaneously, the light emitting layer may have both n-type characteristics and P-type characteristics. For convenience, n-type light emitting layer when electron transport is faster than hole transport and p-type light emitting layer when hole transport is faster than electron transport. You can.
- the n-type light emitting layer is not limited thereto, but may be aluminum tris (8-hydroxyquinoline).
- the p-type light emitting layer is not limited thereto, but a carbazole compound; Anthracene-based compounds; Polyphenylenevinylene (PPV) -based polymers; Or spiro compounds and the like.
- ETL electron transport layer
- the first n-type organic compound layer may be formed as an electron transport layer, and an additional second n-type organic compound layer may be provided between the first n-type organic compound layer and the light emitting layer.
- 6 illustrates an energy flow when the second n-type organic compound layer is provided.
- the second n-type organic layer may serve as an electron transport layer or a hole blocking layer.
- As the type 2 n-type organic compound material a material having high electron mobility is preferable to transport electrons well.
- a third n-type organic compound layer may be provided between the second n-type organic compound layer and the light emitting layer.
- the 3 n-type organic compound layer may also serve as an electron transport layer or a hole blocking layer.
- the first n-type organic compound layer is preferably made of a material whose LUM0 energy level is 2 eV or less with the HOMO energy level of the first p-type organic layer.
- the first n-type organic compound layer may have a LUM0 energy level of 5 eV to 7 eV.
- the LUM0 energy level of the second n-type organic compound layer is preferably smaller than the LUM0 energy level of the first n-type organic compound layer.
- the second n-type organic compound layer may have a LUM0 energy level of 2 eV to 3 eV.
- the second n-type organic layer may have a HOMO energy level of 5 eV to 6 eV, specifically, 5.8 eV to 6 eV.
- the second or crab 3 n-type organic compound layer is not limited thereto, but may be aluminum tris.
- the second or type 3 n-type organic compound material 8-hydroxyquinoline) (Al); Organic compounds containing Alq 3 structures; Hydroxyflavone-metal complex compounds or silacyclopentadiene (silole) -based compounds and the like.
- the second or type 3 n-type organic compound material the above-described materials of the first and n-type organic compound layers may be used.
- the second or third n-type organic insects may be guided by the n-type dopant.
- any one of the second n-type organic compound layer and the 3 n-type organic compound layer to the n-type dopant When doped, the host material of the doped layer and the material of the undoped layer may be the same.
- the n-type dopant may be organic or inorganic.
- an alkali metal such as Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs or Fr
- Alkaline earth metals such as Be, Mg, Ca ⁇ Sr, Ba or Ra
- Rare earth metals such as La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Th, Dy, Ho, Er, Em, Gd, Yb, Lu, Y or Mn;
- it may include a metal compound containing at least one of the metals.
- the n-type dopant may be a material including a cyclopentadiene, a cycloheptatriene, a six-membered hetero ring or a condensed ring containing these rings.
- the doping concentration may be 0.01 to 50% by weight, or 1 to 10% by weight.
- the organic light emitting display device may include first to third n-type organic compound layers, the first n-type organic compound layer may include the compound of Formula 1, and the second n-type organic compound layer may be an n-type dopant. Can be doped by.
- the second n-type organic compound layer and the third n-type organic compound layer may include the compound of Formula 5 as a host material.
- the cathode material may be selected from materials having various work functions by providing the aforementioned first p-type organic compound layer and the first n-type organic material layer.
- a material having a small work function is generally preferred to facilitate electron injection.
- a material having a large work function may also be applied.
- a material having a work function that is equal to or greater than the HOMO of the first p-type organic compound layer may be used as the cathode material.
- a material having a work function of 2 eV to 5 eV may be used as the cathode material.
- the cathode may include, but is not limited to, metals such as magnesium, sword, sodium, potassium, titanium, indium, yttrium, lithium, gadolinium, aluminum, silver, tin, and lead or alloys thereof; Multilayer structure materials such as LiF / Al or Li0 2 / Al, and the like.
- an element capable of operating efficiently can be provided by being used alone or in combination with LiF or Liq.
- Ag does not work well when used alone or in combination with LiF or Liq
- a layer made of a metal such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as an organic material layer adjacent to the cathode.
- an organic layer doped with metal should be used.
- a material having a large work function, such as Ag is available.
- a transparent conductive oxide having a high work function such as IZ0 (work function 4.8 to 5.2 eV).
- the cathode may be provided to be in physical contact with the organic material layer.
- the organic layer in contact with the cathode may be the first p-type organic layer described above, or may be an additional organic layer.
- the organic layer in contact with the cathode may be undoped.
- the cathode even when the cathode is in contact with the organic material layer, the cathode may be formed using a material having a work function of 3.5 eV or more by the first P-type organic material layer and the first n-type organic material layer.
- the cathode is provided to be in physical contact with the organic material layer, and the cathode is made of a material having a work function of 3.5 eV or more.
- the cathode is provided to be in physical contact with the organic material layer, and the cathode is made of a material having a work function of 4 eV or more.
- the cathode is provided to be in physical contact with the organic material layer, and the cathode is made of a material having a work function of 4.5 eV or more.
- the upper limit of the work function of the material constituting the cathode is not particularly limited, but a material of 5.5 eV or less can be used from the viewpoint of material selection.
- the cathode may be formed of the same material as the anode.
- the cathode can be formed of the materials exemplified above as the material of the anode.
- the cathode or anode may comprise a transparent material.
- the thickness, shape, or pattern of the organic material layers described herein, such as the first to second p-type organic material layers, the first to fourth n-type organic material layers, the light scattering layer, the cathode, and the anode, may vary depending on the type of material or the device. It may be selected by those skilled in the art depending on the role required.
- the organic electroluminescent device may be a device including a light extraction structure.
- the organic electroluminescent device is the anode Or further comprising a substrate on a surface opposite to the surface on which the organic material of the cathode is provided, and further comprising a light extraction layer between the substrate and the anode or the cathode or on a surface opposite to the surface on which the anode or the cathode of the substrate is provided.
- the substrate may further include an internal light extraction layer between the anode and the cathode and the substrate provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the organic material layer of the anode or cathode is provided.
- an external light extracting layer may be further provided on an opposite surface of the substrate on which the anode or the cathode is provided.
- the internal light extraction layer or the external light extraction layer is not particularly limited so long as it may induce light scattering and improve the light extraction efficiency of the device.
- the light extraction layer may be formed using a film having a structure in which scattering particles are dispersed in a binder or having an unevenness.
- the light extraction layer may be formed directly on the substrate by a method such as spin coating, bar coating, slit coating, or the like by forming and attaching a film.
- the organic light emitting diode is flexible.
- the substrate comprises a flexible material.
- a glass, plastic or film substrate in the form of a flexible thin film may be used.
- the material of the plastic substrate is not particularly limited, but generally, PET,
- Films such as PEN and PI, can be used in the form of a single layer or a multilayer.
- a display device including the organic light emitting display device is provided.
- a lighting apparatus including the organic light emitting device is provided.
- An anode having a thickness of 1,000 A was formed on the substrate by a sputtering method of IZ0, and m-MTDATA of the following chemical formula was thermally vacuum deposited to form a p-type hole injection layer having a thickness of 500 A.
- NPB of the following chemical formula was vacuum-deposited thereon to form a p-type hole transport layer having a thickness of 400 A.
- 10 wt% of the following formula Ir (ppy) 3 was doped into the CBP of the following formula to form a light emitting layer having a thickness of 300 A.
- BCP of the following formula to form a hole blocking layer having a thickness of 50 A.
- An organic layer having a thickness of 100 A was formed thereon using an electron transporting material having the following chemical formula, and 10 wt% of Ca was doped on the electron transporting material having the chemical formula below.
- Electron transport layer was formed.
- the first n-type organic compound layer having a thickness of 300 A was formed thereon by using a HAT having the following formula which is an ⁇ -type organic compound.
- a light scattering layer was formed using materials selected from A to F shown in Table 1 below.
- 50 A thickness and the first p-type organic compound layer were formed using NPB as the p-type organic compound.
- Ag is formed to a thickness of 2,000 A as a cathode and an organic light emitting diode
- the deposition rate of the organic material was maintained at 0.5-1 A / sec, and the vacuum at the time of deposition was maintained at 7 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 10 ′′ 8 torr.
- FIGS. 10A to 10F SEM pictures of the surface of the organic material layer formed using the materials described in the table are shown in FIGS. 10A to 10F.
- the roughness was large.
- the roughness of the particles formed by the material forming the layer was the most, in this case, the light extraction efficiency increases by about 20% compared to the device B in accordance with the change of the light path generated inside the device Indicated.
- An anode having a thickness of 1,000 A was formed on the substrate by a sputtering method, and m-MTDATA of the above formula was thermally vacuum deposited to form a p-type hole injection layer having a thickness of 500 A. Subsequently, NPB of the chemical formula was vacuum deposited thereon to form a P-type hole transport layer having a thickness of 400 A.
- An organic layer having a thickness of 100 A was formed thereon using an electron transporting material of the above formula, and 10 wt% of Ca was doped on the electron transporting material of the above formula to form an electron transporting layer having a thickness of 50 A. .
- the first n-type organic compound layer having a thickness of 300 A was formed thereon by using the HAT of the above formula, which is an n-type organic compound.
- the compound of Formula 3-1 which is a layer capable of functioning as a system of 1 p-type organic compound and a scattering layer, is formed to a thickness of 500 A and 5,000 A, respectively.
- NPB is 500 A and 5,000 A, respectively.
- the device and its characteristics were formed with a thickness of.
- Ag was formed to a thickness of 2,000 A as a cathode to fabricate an organic light emitting display device.
- the light extraction efficiency of the device having the scattering layer at the cathode interface is increased by about 20%, similar to that of Experimental Example 1, compared to the device that is not. All.
- the surface characteristics of the glass substrate, the surface characteristics after forming the ITO layer on the glass substrate, and the surface after forming the compound layer of the formula 3-1 on the ITO layer on the glass substrate The characteristics were taken by SEM photograph for each layer thickness and are shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C. It can be seen that the compound of formula 3-1 can be used as the material of the light scattering layer described herein, depending on the thickness. In Figs. 11A to 11C, the thickness means the thickness of the uppermost layer.
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Abstract
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EP13796596.8A EP2752908A4 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE |
JP2015514921A JP6134786B2 (ja) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | 有機電界発光素子 |
US14/404,245 US10522788B2 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | Organic light emitting diode |
CN201380040855.0A CN104508855B (zh) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | 有机发光二极管 |
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EP (1) | EP2752908A4 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP6134786B2 (ko) |
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JP6472246B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-24 | 2019-02-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 有機発光素子 |
JP6340616B2 (ja) * | 2015-07-28 | 2018-06-13 | 株式会社Joled | 有機el素子、および有機el表示パネル |
CN106206995B (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-08-14 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | 一种有机发光二极管散射层的制备方法及其产品 |
CN107482125B (zh) * | 2017-08-03 | 2020-03-17 | 长春海谱润斯科技有限公司 | 一种有机电致发光器件及显示装置 |
CN109761991B (zh) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-08-10 | 南京邮电大学 | 具有长寿命室温磷光现象的材料、制备方法及用途 |
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KR20130135193A (ko) | 2013-12-10 |
US20150194635A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
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JP6134786B2 (ja) | 2017-05-24 |
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EP2752908A1 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
TW201411915A (zh) | 2014-03-16 |
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