WO2013164069A2 - Procédé de reliquéfaction d'une fraction riche en méthane - Google Patents

Procédé de reliquéfaction d'une fraction riche en méthane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013164069A2
WO2013164069A2 PCT/EP2013/001157 EP2013001157W WO2013164069A2 WO 2013164069 A2 WO2013164069 A2 WO 2013164069A2 EP 2013001157 W EP2013001157 W EP 2013001157W WO 2013164069 A2 WO2013164069 A2 WO 2013164069A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fraction
methane
rich fraction
pressure
compressed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/001157
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013164069A3 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Bauer
Hubert Franke
Andreas Bub
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to US14/397,890 priority Critical patent/US20150121953A1/en
Priority to AU2013257026A priority patent/AU2013257026B2/en
Priority to RU2014148678A priority patent/RU2621572C2/ru
Publication of WO2013164069A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013164069A2/fr
Publication of WO2013164069A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013164069A3/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/105—Removal of contaminants of nitrogen
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0291—Refrigerant compression by combined gas compression and liquid pumping
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0295—Shifting of the compression load between different cooling stages within a refrigerant cycle or within a cascade refrigeration system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
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    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
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    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/32—Compression of the product stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/66—Closed external refrigeration cycle with multi component refrigerant [MCR], e.g. mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for re-liquefying a methane-rich fraction, in particular boil-off gas.
  • boil-off gas is to be understood below as meaning both boil-off gases and gas mixtures which have a similar composition, by way of example displacement gases which, for example, are present in LNG loading in transport tanks on ships or ships Trucks arise.
  • Methane-rich gases or boil-off gases when liquefied above a certain nitrogen content, require suitable measures for the discharge of a nitrogen-rich fraction in order to limit the nitrogen content in liquefied natural gas (LNG) to typically 1 mol%.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • US Pat. No. 5,036,671 shows a method for discharging a nitrogen-rich fraction in which, at the cold end of the liquefaction process, gas streams which have a markedly increased content of nitrogen compared with the raw gas are withdrawn via one or more separators. These gas streams are usually compressed, possibly partially returned to the raw gas and usually used as fuel gas.
  • the boil-off gas flowing out of the LNG tank downstream of the liquefaction process is warmed up and compressed to approximately ambient temperature.
  • warm-sucking compression of the boil-off gas has an increased likelihood of generating negative pressure in the compressor. This can create an air and thus
  • Object of the present invention is to propose a generic method for re-liquefying a methane-rich fraction, which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages. To solve this problem, a generic method for
  • the methane-rich fraction is compressed to a pressure which is at least 20% above the critical pressure of the fraction to be compressed
  • the liquid product fraction resulting from the expansion of the nitrogen-poor fraction has a nitrogen content of ⁇ 1.5 mol%. If the liquefaction and subcooling of the methane-rich fraction take place against at least one refrigerant circuit and / or at least one refrigerant mixture cycle and this (r) has at least one cycle compressor, the pressure to which the methane-rich fraction is compressed , the pressure on which the liquefied and supercooled methane-rich fraction is released, and the
  • the methane-rich fraction 1 to be reliquefied in the single or multi-stage compressor unit C1 is pressurized to at least 20%
  • Heat exchangers avoided the subsequent liquefaction stage.
  • the back-liquefied methane-rich fraction 1 is not heated before its compression C1. Due to the compression C1 is the
  • the compressed methane-rich fraction 2 is in the heat exchanger E2 to a
  • the heat exchanger E2 shown in Figure 1 may be formed in reality from a plurality of separate heat exchangers and / or heat exchanger sections. It is preferably carried out as a wound heat exchanger with two bundles or as a soldered Ptatten (2004).
  • Deduced separator D1 heated in the heat exchanger E2 against the cooled methane-rich fraction 2 - wherein this heating is optional.
  • the warmed nitrogen-rich fraction 5 if desired, one or more stages compressed C2 and via line 6 their further use, for example as a fuel gas fed.
  • This nitrogen-rich gas 5 preferably has a pressure between 5 and 20 bar, in particular between 7 and 15 bar. Thus, it is suitable for example directly to the firing of steam boilers.
  • the resulting after the relaxation in the separator D1 liquid nitrogen depleted fraction 7 is in the valve V2 to a pressure between 1, 1 and 2.0 bar, preferably between 1, 2 and 1, 8 bar, relaxed.
  • the resulting in this relaxation gaseous fraction is withdrawn via line 8 from the top of the separator D2 and admixed without heating of the methane-rich fraction 1 to be compressed.
  • the obtained in the bottom of the separator D2 liquid fraction provides the liquefied natural gas product (LNG); this has a nitrogen content of ⁇ 1, 5 mol%.
  • cooling and liquefaction of the methane-rich fraction 2 in the heat exchanger E2 take place against a refrigerant mixture cycle which is only shown by way of example.
  • Whose refrigerant mixture is supplied after heating and evaporation in the heat exchanger E2 against the cooled methane-rich fraction 2 via line 10 to a two-stage compressor unit C3 upstream separator D3. This serves for the safety of the compressor unit C3, since liquid particles entrained therein are separated in the refrigerant mixture.
  • the refrigerant mixture to be compressed is supplied from the head of the separator D3 via line 11 of the compressor unit C3 and compressed in the first stage to an intermediate pressure. After cooling in the intercooler E3, the refrigerant mixture compressed to the intermediate pressure via line 12 becomes a second Separator D4 supplied. The more profound, drawn from his head
  • Refrigerant mixture fraction is fed via line 13 of the second compressor stage of the compressor unit C3 and compressed in this to the desired final pressure. Subsequently, this refrigerant mixture fraction is cooled in the aftercooler E4 and fed via line 15 to a third separator D5.
  • Refrigerant mixture fraction is passed via line 18 through the heat exchanger E2 after mixing with the withdrawn from the bottom of the second separator D4 liquid higher-boiling refrigerant mixture fraction 14.
  • a pump P is to be provided in the line 14.
  • Refrigeration cycle compressor C3 is neither known nor known from the prior art she suggested by him.
  • the amount of gas withdrawn at the top of the separator D1 can be kept constant by varying the pressure in the separator D1. This results in a variable recirculation amount of the gaseous fraction 8 from the separator D2 to the suction side of the feed gas compressor C1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de reliquéfaction d'une fraction riche en méthane, en particulier de gaz évaporé. A cet effet, a) la fraction riche en méthane (1) est comprimée (C1) à une pression dépassant au moins de 20% la pression critique de la fraction à comprimer, b) ladite fraction riche en méthane est ensuite liquéfiée et surrefroidie (E2), c) elle est détendue (V1) à une pression comprise entre 5 et 20 bars, d) puis séparée en une fraction gazeuse riche en azote (4) et en une fraction liquide appauvrie en azote (7) et e) la fraction appauvrie en azote (7) est détendue (V2) à une pression comprise entre 1,1 et 2,0 bars, f) la fraction gazeuse (8) précipitée à cette occasion étant intimement mélangée à la fraction riche en méthane (1) sans devoir être chauffée et comprimée et g) la fraction de produit liquide (9) précipitée lors de la détente de la fraction pauvre en méthane (1) présente une teneur en azote ≤ 1,5 % en mole.
PCT/EP2013/001157 2012-05-03 2013-04-18 Procédé de reliquéfaction d'une fraction riche en méthane WO2013164069A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/397,890 US20150121953A1 (en) 2012-05-03 2013-04-18 Process for reliquefying a methane-rich fraction
AU2013257026A AU2013257026B2 (en) 2012-05-03 2013-04-18 Process for reliquefying a methane-rich fraction
RU2014148678A RU2621572C2 (ru) 2012-05-03 2013-04-18 Способ обратного сжижения богатой метаном фракции

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210008961 DE102012008961A1 (de) 2012-05-03 2012-05-03 Verfahren zum Rückverflüssigen einer Methan-reichen Fraktion
DE102012008961.9 2012-05-03

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WO2013164069A2 true WO2013164069A2 (fr) 2013-11-07
WO2013164069A3 WO2013164069A3 (fr) 2015-04-16

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US (1) US20150121953A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2013257026B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012008961A1 (fr)
MY (1) MY173721A (fr)
RU (1) RU2621572C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013164069A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015004125A1 (de) * 2015-03-31 2016-10-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion
CA3091930C (fr) * 2018-03-14 2022-11-29 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Procede et systeme de liquefaction de gaz naturel par utilisation d'azote liquide
FR3088416B1 (fr) * 2018-11-08 2020-12-11 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de liquefaction d'un courant gazeux contenant du dioxyde de carbone

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US5036671A (en) 1990-02-06 1991-08-06 Liquid Air Engineering Company Method of liquefying natural gas

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RU2256130C2 (ru) * 2003-09-24 2005-07-10 Открытое акционерное общество криогенного машиностроения (ОАО "Криогенмаш") Способ сжижения природного газа в дроссельном цикле
DE102004023814A1 (de) * 2004-05-13 2005-12-01 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012008961A1 (de) 2013-11-07
MY173721A (en) 2020-02-18
US20150121953A1 (en) 2015-05-07
AU2013257026B2 (en) 2017-04-13
WO2013164069A3 (fr) 2015-04-16
RU2621572C2 (ru) 2017-06-06
AU2013257026A1 (en) 2014-10-30
RU2014148678A (ru) 2016-06-27

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