EP1913319A2 - Procede et installation pour liquefier un courant riche en hydrocarbure - Google Patents

Procede et installation pour liquefier un courant riche en hydrocarbure

Info

Publication number
EP1913319A2
EP1913319A2 EP06764322A EP06764322A EP1913319A2 EP 1913319 A2 EP1913319 A2 EP 1913319A2 EP 06764322 A EP06764322 A EP 06764322A EP 06764322 A EP06764322 A EP 06764322A EP 1913319 A2 EP1913319 A2 EP 1913319A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
fraction
liquid fraction
stream
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06764322A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arne Fredheim
Manfred Boelt
Pentti Paurola
Christian Pfeiffer
Oystein Sorensen
Manfred Steinbauer
Rudolf Stockmann
Wolfgang Foerg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FOERG Wolfgang
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
FOERG Wolfgang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FOERG Wolfgang filed Critical FOERG Wolfgang
Publication of EP1913319A2 publication Critical patent/EP1913319A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0274—Retrofitting or revamping of an existing liquefaction unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0291—Refrigerant compression by combined gas compression and liquid pumping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a system for liquefying, in particular by precooling or by subcooling, a hydrocarbon-rich stream, in particular a natural gas stream, by means of at least one heat exchanger indirect heat exchange with the refrigerant mixture at least one refrigerant mixture cycle, wherein after releasing the refrigerant mixture is vaporized against the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied and against itself.
  • the refrigerant used here is a mixture which comprises two or more components of the following substances: nitrogen, methane, ethane or ethylene, propane or propylene, butane and optionally even higher hydrocarbons.
  • the refrigerant mixture is present before the compression as a two-phase current.
  • the separation of the two-phase stream into a gaseous stream and into a liquid stream can be effected by means of a separator and / or by means of a separation column.
  • the liquid content of the two-phase current can be up to fifteen percent.
  • the refrigerant mixture is compressed in a single-stage or multi-stage compressor, cooled in one or more, optionally different heat exchangers, liquefied and supercooled. After its expansion - in a valve or in an expansion turbine - the refrigerant mixture is totally evaporated, for example in the outer space of a wound heat exchanger in the falling stream and warmed five Kelvin to fifteen Kelvin above its dew point, so that it can be safely recompressed in the recycle compressor.
  • the present invention has the object, a method of the type mentioned and a system of the type mentioned in such a way that the above problems are avoided.
  • between about ninety percent and about 99 percent, preferably about 95 percent, of the mixed refrigerant stream to be vaporized evaporates, followed by separation of the partially vaporized refrigerant mixture stream into a gas fraction and a liquid fraction; the gas fraction is compressed to the desired final pressure, preferably by means of at least one cold intake compressor, the liquid fraction is pumped, and closing the two fractions are united.
  • the gas fraction and the liquid fraction can be combined either before or after their relaxation. If a combination of both fractions already before their relaxation, the liquid fraction is preferably pumped to the same pressure as the gas fraction.
  • the circulation medium or the refrigerant mixture is so far enriched with heavier components that no total evaporation is formed, but a residual liquid of about one percent to about ten percent, preferably about five percent, remains.
  • this wet steam must not be fed into the compressor or compressor; Rather, this wet steam is to be separated by means of at least one separator into a gas fraction and into a liquid fraction.
  • the compression of the gas fraction by means of at least one cold intake compressor.
  • the pumping of the liquid fraction is carried out by means of at least one suitable pump, wherein the liquid fraction is advantageously slightly supercooled before pumping.
  • the N [et] P [ositive] S [uction] H [ead] value must be taken into account.
  • the NPSH value of the pump is determined by the type of construction and the pump speed. The higher the pump speed, the greater the NPSH value of the pump.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a method according to the above-described type and / or at least one system according to the above-described type during liquefaction, in particular by pre-cooling or by sub-cooling, a hydrocarbon-rich stream, in particular a natural gas stream;
  • a hydrocarbon-rich stream in particular a natural gas stream;
  • the procedure according to the invention in all liquefaction in which the heat exchange between the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied and the refrigerant mixture takes place in one or more wound heat exchangers and / or in one or more plate exchangers, are used.
  • the procedure according to the invention can in principle be implemented in all mixture cycles, in particular in all so-called M [ixed] F [luid] C [ascade] processes, in the so-called C3-M [ixed] R [efrigerant] C [ycle] - Process (propane precooled mixed refrigerant process) of Air Products, the so-called dual-flow M [ixed] R [efrigerant] C [ycle] process of the company Shell and / or the so-called single-flow M [ixed] R [efrigerant] C [ycle] process of Linde or the Company Statoil.
  • these at least two mixed refrigerant circuits can be arranged one behind the other and / or in cascade.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a plant according to the invention, in whose process, the liquid fraction is pumped to the same pressure as the gas fraction is compressed, whereupon the two fractions are combined;
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a plant according to the invention, in whose process, the liquid fraction is pumped only to the extent that - after having done in a separate heat exchanger passage undercooling - this liquid fraction of the expanded gas fraction.
  • a to be liquefied hydrocarbon-rich stream such as a natural gas stream
  • a heat exchanger E is fed via line A.
  • this heat exchanger E is precooling or liquefaction or supercooling of the hydrocarbon-rich stream against a refrigerant mixture, which will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the hydrocarbon-rich stream after its pre-cooling or liquefaction or incipient Terkühlung withdrawn via line B from the heat exchanger E and fed to its further use.
  • the heat exchanger E is supplied to the pressurized refrigerant mixture and liquefied in the heat exchanger E and subcooled.
  • the supercooled refrigerant mixture is withdrawn from the heat exchanger E and in the expansion device 3, which is a valve or an expansion turbine, relaxed or cooled performance relaxed.
  • the refrigerant mixture in the heat exchanger E now - in contrast to the counting of the prior art liquefaction - according to the invention only vaporized so far that it at the output of the heat exchanger E a residual liquid of about one percent to about ten percent, preferably about five Percent.
  • This two-phase mixture is fed via line 4 to a separator D.
  • the gas fraction of the refrigerant mixture is withdrawn via line 5 and compressed by means of the cold-suction, single or multi-stage compressor V to the desired circuit pressure.
  • the liquid fraction of the refrigerant mixture is withdrawn from the bottom of the separator D via line 6 and also pumped by a pump P to the desired circuit pressure and then fed via line 5 withdrawn from the separator D and compressed gas fraction of the refrigerant mixture.
  • Fig. 1 The procedure shown in Fig. 1 is particularly suitable for retrofitting existing systems.
  • the liquid fraction is then fed to the heat exchanger E via (an additional in comparison to the process control of FIG. 1) line 7 and (in a comparison with the Schwarzsfiihrung according to FIG. 1 additional passage) in the heat exchanger E subcooled.
  • the procedure shown in FIG. 2 is particularly suitable for new plants.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et une installation pour liquéfier, en particulier par préréfrigération ou par surfusion, un courant riche en hydrocarbure, notamment un courant de gaz naturel, grâce à un échange thermique indirect, effectué au moyen d'au moins un échangeur thermique (E), avec le mélange d'agents réfrigérants d'au moins un circuit de mélange d'agents réfrigérants. Après détente (3), le mélange d'agents réfrigérants est évaporé par rapport au courant riche en hydrocarbure à liquéfier et par rapport à lui-même. Selon cette invention, entre environ 90 et environ 99 %, de préférence environ 95 % du courant de mélange d'agents réfrigérants à évaporer est évaporé, puis une décomposition (D --> 5, 6) du courant de mélange d'agents réfrigérants partiellement évaporé en une fraction gazeuse et en une fraction liquide a lieu, la fraction gazeuse est comprimée à la pression finale souhaitée, en particulier au moyen d'au moins un compresseur d'aspiration à froid (5), la fraction liquide est pompée, notamment au moyen d'au moins une pompe (P) et ensuite la fraction gazeuse et la fraction liquide sont purifiées (1 ou 2') avant ou après, en particulier respectivement, la détente (3 ou 9).
EP06764322A 2005-08-12 2006-08-11 Procede et installation pour liquefier un courant riche en hydrocarbure Withdrawn EP1913319A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005038266A DE102005038266A1 (de) 2005-08-12 2005-08-12 Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
PCT/EP2006/065278 WO2007020252A2 (fr) 2005-08-12 2006-08-11 Procede et installation pour liquefier un courant riche en hydrocarbure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1913319A2 true EP1913319A2 (fr) 2008-04-23

Family

ID=37681111

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06764322A Withdrawn EP1913319A2 (fr) 2005-08-12 2006-08-11 Procede et installation pour liquefier un courant riche en hydrocarbure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1913319A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2006281407B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005038266A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007020252A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009543894A (ja) 2006-07-14 2009-12-10 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ 炭化水素流を液化するための方法及び装置
DE102006039661A1 (de) * 2006-08-24 2008-03-20 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
DE102007053608A1 (de) 2007-11-08 2009-05-20 GFL Gesellschaft für Labortechnik mbH Kältemittelmischung und Kühlsystem enthaltend Kältemittelmischung
ITMI20091768A1 (it) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-16 Ecoproject Sas Di Luigi Gazzi E C Processo per impianti gnl anche di grande capacita' richiedente basse portate volumetriche ai compressori frigoriferi
EP4019869A1 (fr) * 2020-12-23 2022-06-29 Linde GmbH Procédé de liquéfaction du gaz naturel

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1572900A (en) * 1976-04-21 1980-08-06 Shell Int Research Process of the liquefaction of natural gas
US4180123A (en) * 1977-02-14 1979-12-25 Phillips Petroleum Company Mixed-component refrigeration in shell-tube exchanger
FR2471566B1 (fr) * 1979-12-12 1986-09-05 Technip Cie Procede et systeme de liquefaction d'un gaz a bas point d'ebullition
DE19716415C1 (de) 1997-04-18 1998-10-22 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
MY117548A (en) * 1998-12-18 2004-07-31 Exxon Production Research Co Dual multi-component refrigeration cycles for liquefaction of natural gas
DE19937623B4 (de) * 1999-08-10 2009-08-27 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
JP5605977B2 (ja) * 2004-06-23 2014-10-15 エクソンモービル アップストリーム リサーチ カンパニー 混合冷媒液化方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2007020252A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005038266A1 (de) 2007-02-15
WO2007020252A3 (fr) 2007-05-18
AU2006281407A1 (en) 2007-02-22
WO2007020252A2 (fr) 2007-02-22
AU2006281407B2 (en) 2010-04-01

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