EP4019869A1 - Procédé de liquéfaction du gaz naturel - Google Patents

Procédé de liquéfaction du gaz naturel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4019869A1
EP4019869A1 EP20020645.6A EP20020645A EP4019869A1 EP 4019869 A1 EP4019869 A1 EP 4019869A1 EP 20020645 A EP20020645 A EP 20020645A EP 4019869 A1 EP4019869 A1 EP 4019869A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
heat exchanger
tube bundle
tube
natural gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20020645.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Spreemann
Christoph Seeholzer
Luis Matamoros
Ole Müller-Thorwart
Florian Deichsel
Stefan Gewald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP20020645.6A priority Critical patent/EP4019869A1/fr
Publication of EP4019869A1 publication Critical patent/EP4019869A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0085—Ethane; Ethylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for liquefying natural gas using a coiled heat exchanger.
  • Liquefied natural gas is natural gas that has been processed and liquefied by cooling it to -161 to -164 °C. LNG is only a fraction of the volume of gaseous natural gas. LNG therefore has great advantages, especially for transport and storage purposes.
  • the liquefied natural gas can be transported as a liquid in suitable transport containers by road, rail or water.
  • a cascade of straight tube heat exchangers can be used to pre-cool the natural gas to be liquefied, in which a refrigerant, for example ethane, evaporates at different pressure levels and thus cools down the natural gas. Due to construction limits, several heat exchangers can be required in parallel. As an alternative, so-called coil-wound heat exchangers (CWHE) or wound heat exchangers can also be used, in which the refrigerant partially evaporates from a sump of the heat exchanger.
  • CWHE coil-wound heat exchangers
  • wound heat exchangers wound heat exchangers
  • Evaporation from the bottom or so-called tank boiling can lead to a tube bundle of the heat exchanger being able to run dry in its upper part, which can lead to lower heat transfer.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for liquefying natural gas.
  • a method for liquefying natural gas using a coiled heat exchanger comprises the following steps: a) feeding the natural gas to be liquefied into a tube bundle of the heat exchanger, and b) extracting heat from the natural gas using a refrigerant which flushes through the tube bundle, with the refrigerant being passed through the tube bundle several times within the heat exchanger is to generate a refrigerant circulation in the heat exchanger.
  • the wound heat exchanger is a so-called Coil Wound Heat Exchanger (CWHE).
  • CWHE Coil Wound Heat Exchanger
  • the coiled heat exchanger is simply referred to below as a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger can also be used to liquefy media other than natural gas.
  • the tube bundle is wound onto a core tube in particular in multiple layers.
  • the heat exchanger includes a jacket that accommodates the tube bundle. A circulation or circuit of the refrigerant is created within the jacket, which is passed through the tube bundle.
  • the tube bundle includes a tube side and a shell side.
  • the “tube side” is to be understood as meaning an interior space enclosed by tubes of the tube bundle, through which the natural gas to be liquefied is conducted. The natural gas is thus fed into the tubes of the tube bundle.
  • “on the shell side” is to be understood as meaning an area outside the tubes of the tube bundle.
  • the refrigerant flows through the tube bundle. A large number of gaps or passages through which the refrigerant is conducted lead through the tube bundle.
  • the fact that the natural gas to be liquefied is “fed” into the tube bundle means in particular that the natural gas is introduced into tubes of the tube bundle.
  • the refrigerant can be ethane, for example. However, any other desired refrigerant can also be used.
  • a refrigerant is suitable for transporting enthalpy from the goods to be cooled, in this case the natural gas to be liquefied, to the environment.
  • the difference to the coolant is that a refrigerant can carry out this heat transport in a refrigeration circuit along a temperature gradient, so that the ambient temperature can even be higher than the temperature of the object to be cooled when the energy supplied is used, while a coolant is only able to to transport the enthalpy in a cooling circuit against the temperature gradient to a point with a lower temperature.
  • the liquefied natural gas can be referred to as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).
  • the fact that the refrigerant “flushes” or “flows around” the tube bundle means in particular that the refrigerant is passed through the tube bundle on the shell side.
  • passages or gaps are provided in the tube bundle.
  • the refrigerant does not come into direct contact with the natural gas.
  • the refrigerant preferably comprises a gaseous phase and a liquid phase which can be transformed into one another.
  • the refrigerant is preferably conducted in two phases through the tube bundle.
  • the refrigerant is conducted through the tube bundle counter to a direction of gravity from an inlet side of the tube bundle to an outlet side of the tube bundle.
  • the tube bundle preferably has a cylindrical geometry in its entirety. Viewed with respect to the direction of gravity, a lower end face of the cylindrical geometry forms the entry side. An upper end face of the cylindrical geometry then forms the exit side of the tube bundle.
  • the refrigerant rises from the inlet side against the direction of gravity upwards to the outlet side, the refrigerant being at least partially evaporated in the tube bundle. Circulation evaporation thus takes place.
  • the refrigerant is conducted outside of the tube bundle along the direction of gravity from the outlet side to the inlet side.
  • outside means in particular that the refrigerant is not passed through the tube bundle from the outlet side to the inlet side.
  • an additional component for example the aforementioned core tube, is present in order to conduct the refrigerant from the outlet side to the inlet side.
  • the refrigerant is conducted within the heat exchanger or within the jacket along the direction of gravity from the outlet side to the inlet side.
  • the refrigerant at least partially evaporates as it is conducted through the tube bundle, with only a liquid phase of the refrigerant being conducted from the outlet side to the inlet side.
  • the refrigerant When the refrigerant partially evaporates, it absorbs heat from the natural gas in order to cool it down.
  • the refrigerant thus has the liquid phase and a gaseous phase when passing through the tube bundle.
  • the gaseous phase is preferably conducted away from the tube bundle and is therefore not fed back to the inlet side of the tube bundle.
  • the liquid phase inside the heat exchanger is mixed with coolant supplied from outside the heat exchanger.
  • refrigerant that has evaporated in the tube bundle can be replaced.
  • the refrigerant supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger mixes with the refrigerant supplied from the exit side to the entrance side in the core tube.
  • the refrigerant supplied from outside the heat exchanger is fed into the heat exchanger via an inlet connection.
  • the inlet connector can be provided, for example, on the side of a cylindrical base section of the jacket.
  • a pipe can be mounted on the inlet port, which leads the refrigerant supplied from the outside into the core tube feeds.
  • the refrigerant can also be introduced into the heat exchanger at any other point. This means that the inlet port is optional.
  • the liquid phase is at least partially drawn off from the heat exchanger.
  • a discharge nozzle is provided on the shell of the heat exchanger for drawing off the liquid phase. Viewed in relation to the direction of gravity, the discharge connection is preferably arranged below the tube bundle. The vent may be attached to a cover portion of the shell.
  • a gaseous phase of the refrigerant formed during the at least partial evaporation of the refrigerant is at least partially drawn off from the heat exchanger.
  • the shell of the heat exchanger includes a further discharge port.
  • this discharge connection is preferably placed above the tube bundle.
  • the refrigerant is conducted from the outlet side to the inlet side with the aid of a core tube onto which the tube bundle is wound.
  • the core tube is preferably cylindrical.
  • the core tube is preferably placed centrally in the tube bundle.
  • the tube bundle can be wound onto the core tube in multiple layers.
  • the core tube is open at the front so that the refrigerant can flow through the core tube.
  • the refrigerant is conducted from the outlet side into the core tube via an upper edge of the core tube.
  • the refrigerant or the liquid phase of the refrigerant builds up on the outlet side up to the upper edge of the core tube.
  • the liquid phase then flows over the top edge into the core tube.
  • the gaseous phase of the refrigerant escapes upwards from the core tube against the direction of gravity.
  • the refrigerant is conducted from the outlet side into the core tube via at least one radial slot provided in the core tube.
  • the number of slots is arbitrary. For example, three such slots can be provided. In the event that the radial slots are provided, it is possible to close the end tube on the top side, that is to say at its upper edge.
  • the refrigerant is conducted from the outlet side to the inlet side with the aid of an annular gap, which is provided between a shirt enveloping the tube bundle and a jacket of the heat exchanger.
  • the shirt may be a tubular member that encases or encases the tube bundle. Between the shirt and the jacket, the annular gap that runs completely around the tube bundle is provided. The refrigerant supplied from the outside can also be introduced into the annular gap.
  • the refrigerant is conducted from the outlet side into the annular gap via an upper edge of the skirt.
  • the tube bundle is completely immersed in the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant within the tube bundle is two-phase. This means that both the liquid phase and the gaseous phase of the refrigerant are present within the tube bundle.
  • the gaseous phase can form bubbles in the liquid phase.
  • the refrigerant is fed to the heat exchanger in two phases.
  • the refrigerant is preferably ethane. However, any other suitable refrigerant can also be used.
  • the refrigerant can also be fed to the heat exchanger as a single phase, in particular as a liquid phase.
  • the 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a coil wound heat exchanger (CWHE) 1A.
  • CWHE coil wound heat exchanger
  • Such a coiled heat exchanger 1A can be used to liquefy natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG). However, other gases can also be liquefied.
  • the wound heat exchanger 1A is hereinafter simply referred to as a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 1A comprises a jacket 2.
  • the jacket 2 is made up of a cylindrical base section 3 and two cover sections 4, 5 curved in the shape of a dome.
  • the base section 3 and the cover sections 4, 5 are soldered, welded, screwed or riveted to one another.
  • the jacket 2 is fluid-tight.
  • the jacket 2 can be made of an aluminum alloy or a steel alloy.
  • the shell 2 is constructed essentially rotationally symmetrically to a central axis or axis of symmetry 6 .
  • the lid portion 4 is placed above the lid portion 5 when viewed in a gravity direction g.
  • An inlet connector 7 is provided on the base section 3 and is oriented perpendicularly to the axis of symmetry 6 .
  • a refrigerant K for example ethane, can be supplied to the heat exchanger 1A via the inlet connector 7 .
  • the refrigerant K can be in two phases, so that it has a liquid phase KL and a gaseous phase KG.
  • the refrigerant K is in the 1 represented by block arrows.
  • Block arrows with oblique hatching stand for a two-phase state of the refrigerant K.
  • Horizontally hatched block arrows stand for the gaseous phase KG of the refrigerant K.
  • Unhatched block arrows stand for the liquid phase KL of the refrigerant K.
  • a vent 8 is provided on the cover portion 4, which in the orientation of 1 is attached to the top of the base portion 3, a vent 8 is provided.
  • the gaseous phase KG of the refrigerant K can be drawn off at least partially via the draw-off connection piece 8 .
  • On the cover section 5 is accordingly a Deduction nozzle 9 attached, through which the liquid phase KL of the refrigerant K can be at least partially deducted.
  • a cylindrical core tube 10 is accommodated in the jacket 2 .
  • the core tube 10 runs along the direction of gravity g and is rotationally symmetrical to the axis of symmetry 6 .
  • the core tube 10 comprises an upper edge 11 and a lower edge 12 placed below the upper edge 11 viewed in the direction of gravity g.
  • the core tube 10 is open at the front. This means that neither the upper edge 11 nor the lower edge 12 is provided with a cover closing the core tube 10 .
  • the coolant K can thus flow through the core tube 10 .
  • a tube bundle 13 is wound onto the core tube 10 .
  • the tube bundle 13 is multi-layered and at least partially fills an annular gap 14 placed between the core tube 10 and the base section 3 of the shell 2 .
  • the tube bundle 13 extends from the upper edge 11 to the lower edge 12 of the core tube 10.
  • the tube bundle 13 comprises a large number of gaps or passages through which the refrigerant K can flow.
  • the tube bundle 13 comprises an entry side 15 and an exit side 16.
  • a line 17 leads from the inlet connection 7 to the core tube 10.
  • the line 17 ends above or below the upper edge 11 of the core tube 10.
  • the coolant K can be supplied to the core tube 10 with the aid of the line 17.
  • the refrigerant K is fed into the core tube 10 via the inlet connection 7 and the line 17 .
  • the refrigerant K here has two phases, namely the liquid phase KL and the gaseous phase KG.
  • the liquid phase KL accumulates in the core tube 10 so that a liquid level 18 is set there which is arranged below the upper edge 11 of the core tube 10 viewed along the direction of gravity g.
  • the liquid level 18 is illustrated with the help of a triangle.
  • the gaseous phase KG rises out of the core tube 10 in the opposite direction to the direction of gravity g and can be at least partially drawn off via the discharge nozzle 8 . Due to density differences of the refrigerant K in the core tube 10 and on the side of the tube bundle 13, the refrigerant K or the liquid phase KL flows downwards against the direction of gravity g and is distributed over the tube bundle 13.
  • the jacket 2 is filled with the liquid phase KL in a region 19 below the core tube 10 and the tube bundle 13 . At least part of the liquid phase KL can be drawn off via the discharge nozzle 9 .
  • the refrigerant K rises as a two-phase mixture against the direction of gravity g from the inlet side 15 to the outlet side 16 through the tube bundle 13 , the refrigerant K absorbing heat from the medium to be liquefied contained in the tube bundle 13 .
  • the refrigerant K at least partially evaporates as it rises in the tube bundle 13, so that the refrigerant K is in two phases. A partial evaporation of the refrigerant K thus takes place in the tube bundle 13 in the upward direction.
  • the gaseous phase KG rises and can be drawn off at least partially via the discharge nozzle 8 .
  • the liquid phase KL accumulates up to a liquid level 20 which is at the same height as the upper edge 11 with respect to the direction of gravity g.
  • the liquid level 20 is illustrated with the aid of a triangle.
  • the liquid phase KL flows over the upper edge 11 into the core tube 10 and mixes there with the liquid phase KL of the refrigerant K supplied via the line 17.
  • the refrigerant K can therefore circulate in the heat exchanger 1A.
  • the supply of the refrigerant K is not absolutely necessary via the inlet socket 7 and the line 17 .
  • the feed can also take place in any other desired area of the jacket 2 .
  • the refrigerant K can also include several components. In this case, the refrigerant is not a mixed refrigerant. Circulation evaporation can also be used to separate components.
  • the 2 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a core tube 10 for the heat exchanger 1A.
  • the core tube 10 according to the 2 comprises radial slots 21 to 23 through which the liquid phase KL coming from the tube bundle 13 can enter the core tube 10 .
  • the number of slots 21 to 23 is arbitrary.
  • the top edge 11 can be closed. However, the upper edge 11 can also be open, so that the coolant K can be fed to the core tube 10 via the inlet connector 7 and the line 17 .
  • the 3 1B shows a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of a coiled heat exchanger.
  • the structure of the heat exchanger 1B essentially corresponds to that of the heat exchanger 1A. Only the differences between the heat exchangers 1A, 1B will be discussed below.
  • the refrigerant K does not circulate in the heat exchanger 1B with the help of the core tube 10, but with the help of an annular gap 25 provided between a shirt 24 and the jacket 2.
  • the shirt 24 can be a tubular component enveloping the tube bundle 13.
  • the core tube 10 can be sealed fluid-tight at its upper edge 11 and/or at its lower edge 12 .
  • the two-phase refrigerant K is fed to the annular gap 25 via the inlet connector 7 and the line 17 which opens into the annular gap 25 .
  • a liquid level 26 which is illustrated with the aid of triangles.
  • the gaseous phase KG rises out of the annular gap 25 against the direction of gravity g, where it can be at least partially drawn off via the discharge nozzle 8 .
  • the liquid phase KL flows downwards in the direction of gravity g in order to then rise through the tube bundle 13 counter to the direction of gravity g.
  • the liquid phase KL is at least partially evaporated.
  • the gaseous phase KG rises upwards and can be at least partially drawn off via the discharge nozzle 8.
  • the liquid phase KL flows over an upper edge 27 of the skirt 24 into the annular gap 25 where it mixes with the refrigerant K supplied via the inlet connector 7 and the line 17 .
  • a circulation of the refrigerant K and thus a circulation evaporation also takes place in the heat exchanger 1B.
  • the 4 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a method for liquefying natural gas using the heat exchanger 1A, 1B.
  • the natural gas to be liquefied is fed into the tube bundle 13 of the heat exchanger 1A, 1B in a step S1.
  • the refrigerant K flows around or through the tube bundle 13, the refrigerant K being passed through the tube bundle 13 several times within the heat exchanger 1A, 1B in order to generate a refrigerant circulation or refrigerant circuit in the heat exchanger 1A, 1B.
  • the refrigerant K is conducted through the tube bundle 13 counter to the direction of gravity g from the inlet side 15 of the tube bundle 13 to the outlet side 16 of the tube bundle 13 .
  • the refrigerant K is conducted outside of the tube bundle 13 along the direction of gravity g from the outlet side 16 to the inlet side 15 . This means in particular that the refrigerant K is not passed through the tube bundle 13 from the outlet side 16 to the inlet side 15 .
  • the refrigerant K at least partially evaporates as it is conducted through the tube bundle 13 , only the liquid phase KL of the refrigerant K being conducted from the outlet side 16 to the inlet side 15 .
  • the gaseous phase KG can be drawn off.
  • the liquid phase KL is mixed inside the heat exchanger 1A, 1B with refrigerant K supplied from outside the heat exchanger 1A, 1B.
  • the mixing can be carried out in the core barrel 10, for example.
  • the tube bundle 13 is preferably always completely immersed in the refrigerant K.
EP20020645.6A 2020-12-23 2020-12-23 Procédé de liquéfaction du gaz naturel Withdrawn EP4019869A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20020645.6A EP4019869A1 (fr) 2020-12-23 2020-12-23 Procédé de liquéfaction du gaz naturel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20020645.6A EP4019869A1 (fr) 2020-12-23 2020-12-23 Procédé de liquéfaction du gaz naturel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4019869A1 true EP4019869A1 (fr) 2022-06-29

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EP20020645.6A Withdrawn EP4019869A1 (fr) 2020-12-23 2020-12-23 Procédé de liquéfaction du gaz naturel

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EP (1) EP4019869A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1551583A1 (de) * 1966-09-19 1970-06-18 Hitachi Ltd Rektifizierkolonne einer Lufttrennanlage
US5385203A (en) * 1993-01-11 1995-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Plate fin heat exchanger built-in type multi-stage thermosiphon
DE102005038266A1 (de) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-15 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
RU2686942C1 (ru) * 2018-08-29 2019-05-06 Публичное акционерное общество криогенного машиностроения (ПАО "Криогенмаш") Узел ректификации установки разделения воздуха

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1551583A1 (de) * 1966-09-19 1970-06-18 Hitachi Ltd Rektifizierkolonne einer Lufttrennanlage
US5385203A (en) * 1993-01-11 1995-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Plate fin heat exchanger built-in type multi-stage thermosiphon
DE102005038266A1 (de) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-15 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes
RU2686942C1 (ru) * 2018-08-29 2019-05-06 Публичное акционерное общество криогенного машиностроения (ПАО "Криогенмаш") Узел ректификации установки разделения воздуха

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