WO2017054929A1 - Procédé de liquéfaction d'une fraction riche en hydrocarbures - Google Patents

Procédé de liquéfaction d'une fraction riche en hydrocarbures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017054929A1
WO2017054929A1 PCT/EP2016/001665 EP2016001665W WO2017054929A1 WO 2017054929 A1 WO2017054929 A1 WO 2017054929A1 EP 2016001665 W EP2016001665 W EP 2016001665W WO 2017054929 A1 WO2017054929 A1 WO 2017054929A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
fraction
hydrocarbon
mixture
expander
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/001665
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Bauer
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to RU2018114110A priority Critical patent/RU2725914C1/ru
Publication of WO2017054929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017054929A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/042—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0092—Mixtures of hydrocarbons comprising possibly also minor amounts of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0097—Others, e.g. F-, Cl-, HF-, HClF-, HCl-hydrocarbons etc. or mixtures thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0263—Details of the cold heat exchange system using different types of heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/029—Mechanically coupling of different refrigerant compressors in a cascade refrigeration system to a common driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich
  • Cooling refrigeration cycle cooled and liquefied
  • the refrigerant circulating in the mixture refrigeration cycle is compressed at least two stages and
  • the compressed refrigerant is separated into a higher boiling and a lower boiling refrigerant fraction
  • lower-boiling refrigerant fraction serves to liquefy the hydrocarbon-rich fraction.
  • hydrocarbon-rich gas fractions in particular natural gas, u. a. Process with a refrigerant mixture consisting of light
  • the refrigerant mixture is condensed against ambient under elevated pressure at least partially.
  • the liquid refrigerant is then evaporated under reduced pressure in indirect heat exchange with the natural gas.
  • Pre-cooling circuit for the temperature range between ambient temperature and about -50 ° C is omitted.
  • Heat exchanger are arranged, enforced, the refrigerant in the
  • the refrigerant 10 'of the mixture refrigeration cycle to be compressed which usually has nitrogen and at least one C 1 + hydrocarbon as the refrigerant, is compressed in the first compressor stage C 1' to an intermediate pressure. Subsequently, the compressed refrigerant 11 'in the aftercooler E4' partially condensed and in the
  • Separator D3 separated into a gas fraction 13' and a higher-boiling liquid fraction 12 '. Only the gas fraction 13 'is compressed in the second compressor stage C2' to the maximum circuit pressure. The compressed refrigerant 1 'is again partially condensed in the aftercooler E5' and in the separator D4 'in a
  • Liquid fraction 15 ' is fed via the expansion valve V4' to the intermediate pressure compressed refrigerant 1 1 '.
  • liquefying hydrocarbon-rich fraction A ' serves the lower boiling refrigerant fraction 16' of the liquefaction and subcooling of the pre-cooled
  • Pre-cooler E1 ', condenser E2' and subcooler E3 ' are hereby arranged within a wound heat exchanger W. After passing through the wound heat exchanger W, the liquefied
  • Hydrocarbon-rich fraction C deducted at the top.
  • the pre-cooling of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction A 'serving higher boiling refrigerant fraction 12' is cooled in the pre-cooler E1 ', relaxed in the valve V1' cold-performing and then against the vorzu touchde
  • Refrigerant fraction 19 is used together with those described below
  • the liquefying and subcooling of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction A 'serving lower boiling refrigerant fraction 16' is cooled in the pre-cooler E1 'and in
  • Separator D1 separated into a liquid fraction 17' and a gas fraction 18 '.
  • the liquid fraction 17 ' is undercooled in the condenser E2', depressurized in the valve V2 'and then at least partially evaporated off against the hydrocarbon-rich fraction to be liquefied.
  • the gas fraction 18 ' is cooled in the condenser E2' and in the subcooler E3 ', cooled in the valve V3' with cooling power and then likewise against the liquid to be supercooled and liquefied
  • Hydrocarbon-rich fraction at least partially evaporated.
  • the refrigerant flow which is supplied to the subcooler E3 'via the valve V3' is biphasic at the warm end of the subcooler E3 '. Therefore, a list of the subcooler E3 'above the
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a generic process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, which makes it possible to separate the required for the supercooling of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction heat exchanger from the required for the cooling and liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction heat exchanger to arrange or set up.
  • the refrigerant mixture of this expander cycle in addition to the components N 2 and CH 4 at least one component of the group 0 2 , Ar, Kr, Xe, C 2 H 4 and
  • precooling and liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction now occurs in a wound heat exchanger, while subcooling of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fractions occurs in a separate heat exchanger
  • Heat exchanger takes place.
  • This separate heat exchanger can be designed as a countercurrent of any type, preferably as a coiled heat exchanger or plate exchanger.
  • the subcooling of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction takes place against a separate expander cycle or the refrigerant mixture circulating in it.
  • the refrigerant mixture of this expander circuit according to the invention comprises in addition to the components N 2 and CH 4 at least one component of the group 0 2 , Ar, Kr, Xe, C 2 H 4 and C 2 H 6 , wherein the proportion of the components N 2 and CH 4 at least 80 mole%.
  • properties such as molecular weight, dew point and real gas factor can be optimally adapted to the respective task.
  • the separate heat exchanger used to subcool the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction can be placed independently of the coiled heat exchanger where the hydrocarbon-rich fraction is cooled and liquefied; by means of this
  • an expander expanded refrigerant mixture of the separate expander cycle is subcooled, the compressed refrigerant mixture is divided into two partial streams, the first partial stream expanded in an expander and the second partial stream is liquefied and then also relaxed, and the two combined partial streams against the hydrocarbon to be supercooled rich fraction to be warmed,
  • the first partial stream preferably comprises 70 to 95%, in particular 80 to 90% of the compressed mixed refrigerant amount
  • the inlet temperature of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction in the separate heat exchanger is at least 3 ° C, preferably at least 5 ° C below its boiling point or, if the liquefied Hydrocarbon-rich fraction is present in the supercritical state, the inlet temperature of
  • the separate heat exchanger above -125 ° C, preferably above -120 ° C, in which required for the compression of the refrigerant mixture of the expander cycle compressor at a pressure ratio of more than 2.5 and / or a suction temperature of more at least one intermediate cooling is provided as 30 ° C., the cold-performing expansion of the higher-boiling refrigerant fraction and / or the lower-boiling refrigerant fraction take place in an expander, the compressors required for the compression of the refrigerant of the mixture refrigeration cycle are arranged in a common housing, the required for the compression of the refrigerant of the mixture refrigeration cycle compressor and for the compression of the refrigerant mixture of the
  • Compressor strands which in the configuration 2 x 50%, 3 x 50%,
  • 3 x 33% or 4 x 33% of the total power are designed, which is required for the expansion of the refrigerant mixture of the expander cycle expander coupled to a generator, a compressor and / or an oil brake, circulating in the mixture refrigerant circuit refrigerant nitrogen and at least one C 1 + - Hydrocarbon has, and - the separate heat exchanger is designed as a coiled heat exchanger or plate exchanger.
  • the refrigerant to be compressed 1 of the mixture refrigeration cycle which usually has nitrogen and at least one C 1+ hydrocarbon as the refrigerant, is the first compressor stage C1 compressed to an intermediate pressure. Subsequently, the compressed refrigerant 2 is partially condensed in the aftercooler E4 and separated in the separator D3 into a gas fraction 3 and a higher-boiling liquid fraction 7.
  • Compressor stages C1 and C2 arranged in a common housing.
  • the compressed refrigerant 4 is again partially condensed in the aftercooler E5 and separated in the separator D4 into a lower-boiling gas fraction 6 and a liquid fraction 5. This is supplied via the expansion valve V4 compressed to the intermediate pressure refrigerant 2.
  • the lower boiling refrigerant fraction 6 serves to liquefy the precooled hydrocarbon-rich fraction.
  • the precooling of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction A serving high-boiling refrigerant fraction 7 is supercooled in the pre-cooler E1, cooled in the valve V1 depressurized and then completely evaporated against the hydrocarbon-rich fraction A vorzudalede.
  • the liquefying the cooled hydrocarbon-rich fraction A serving lower-boiling refrigerant fraction 6 is cooled in the pre-cooler E1 and condenser E2, cooled in the valve V2 cooling performance and then completely evaporated against the vorzu aggregatede and to be liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction A.
  • Compressor C1 as it may be separated in it entrained liquid components.
  • the above-described cold-performing relaxation of the lower boiling and / or higher boiling refrigerant fraction can also be done in expanders. As already mentioned, the subcooling takes place from the wound
  • the compressor C3 By means of the compressor C3, the refrigerant mixture 20 of the expander cycle is compressed to the desired circuit pressure.
  • the cycle density C3 At a Pressure ratio of more than 2.5 and / or a suction temperature of more than 30 ° C, the cycle density C3 preferably at least one intermediate cooling.
  • the compressed refrigerant mixture in the heat exchanger or countercurrent E8 is cooled against itself and then expanded in the expander X cold-performing.
  • the expander X may be coupled to a generator or an oil brake to dissipate the mechanical power.
  • the inlet temperature of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction B in the separate heat exchanger E3 is preferably at least 3 ° C, in particular at least 5 ° C below its boiling point or, if the liquefied
  • Hydrocarbon-rich fraction B is in a supercritical state, it is above -125 ° C, preferably above -120 ° C.
  • Compressor C3 combined to form a compressor train and are driven together.
  • a drive a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a Electric motor or a combination of two aforementioned types of drive for
  • Embodiment in that the compressed refrigerant mixture 20 is divided into two partial streams 30 and 32 after cooling in the heat exchanger E8.
  • the expander X supplied partial stream 30 70 to 95%, preferably 80 to 90% of the compressed mixed refrigerant stream 20 on.
  • the non-expander X supplied partial stream 32 is completely liquefied in the heat exchanger E3, if necessary
  • Refrigerant mixture 33 passed through the heat exchanger E8 to take advantage of the cold, which can not be transferred in the heat exchanger E3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de liquéfaction d'une fraction (A) riche en hydrocarbures, en particulier du gaz naturel. La fraction riche en hydrocarbures est refroidie et liquéfiée (E1, E2, E3) selon un circuit de refroidissement mixte, le réfrigérant circulant dans le circuit de refroidissement mixte est comprimé (C1, C2) en au moins deux étapes, et le réfrigérant comprimé est séparé en une fraction de réfrigérant à haut point d'ébullition et une fraction de réfrigérant à bas point d'ébullition, la fraction de réfrigérant à haut point d'ébullition servant au pré-refroidissement (E1) et la fraction de réfrigérant à bas point d'ébullition servant à la liquéfaction (E2) de la fraction riche en hydrocarbures. Selon l'invention, la fraction riche en hydrocarbures liquéfiée (B) est sous-refroidie dans un échangeur de chaleur séparé par rapport au mélange de réfrigérant d'un circuit d'expansion séparé, le mélange de réfrigérant dudit circuit d'expansion présente, outre les composants N2 et CH4, au moins un composant appartenant au groupe O2, Ar, Kr, Xe, 2H4 et C2H6, et la proportion des composants N2 et CH4 s'élève au moins à 80 % en moles.
PCT/EP2016/001665 2015-10-01 2016-09-20 Procédé de liquéfaction d'une fraction riche en hydrocarbures WO2017054929A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2018114110A RU2725914C1 (ru) 2015-10-01 2016-09-20 Способ сжижения насыщенной углеводородами фракции

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015012758 2015-10-01
DE102015012758.6 2015-10-01
DE102016000393.6 2016-01-14
DE102016000393.6A DE102016000393A1 (de) 2015-10-01 2016-01-14 Verfahren zum Verflüssigen einer Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Fraktion

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WO2017054929A1 true WO2017054929A1 (fr) 2017-04-06

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PCT/EP2016/001665 WO2017054929A1 (fr) 2015-10-01 2016-09-20 Procédé de liquéfaction d'une fraction riche en hydrocarbures

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CN110411145A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2019-11-05 气体产品与化学公司 用于使用气相制冷剂冷却烃流的改进的方法和系统
EP3719425A1 (fr) * 2019-04-01 2020-10-07 Linde GmbH Procédé et installation de liquidation d'un gaz
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CN114136054B (zh) * 2020-09-04 2023-09-29 气体产品与化学公司 控制液化天然气设备中的主热交换器的冷却的方法
RU2792387C1 (ru) * 2022-11-18 2023-03-21 Публичное акционерное общество "НОВАТЭК" Способ сжижения природного газа "арктический каскад модифицированный" и установка для его осуществления
WO2024107081A1 (fr) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Публичное акционерное общество "НОВАТЭК" Procédé de liquéfaction de gaz naturel et installation de mise en œuvre

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