WO2013161765A1 - リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体、前記酸化物を含む固体電解質、及び前記固体電解質を備えたリチウム空気電池及び全固体リチウム電池 - Google Patents
リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体、前記酸化物を含む固体電解質、及び前記固体電解質を備えたリチウム空気電池及び全固体リチウム電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013161765A1 WO2013161765A1 PCT/JP2013/061795 JP2013061795W WO2013161765A1 WO 2013161765 A1 WO2013161765 A1 WO 2013161765A1 JP 2013061795 W JP2013061795 W JP 2013061795W WO 2013161765 A1 WO2013161765 A1 WO 2013161765A1
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- lithium
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lithium primary battery, a solid electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery, for example, a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body that can be used as a solid electrolyte of an all solid lithium ion battery or a solid electrolyte of a lithium air battery.
- a general lithium ion secondary battery is composed of a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode active material layer, and an electrolyte between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a lithium-air battery using a water-soluble electrolyte on the air electrode side.
- This lithium-air battery is a lithium-air battery in which a negative electrode, an organic electrolyte for the negative electrode, a separator made of a solid electrolyte, a water-soluble electrolyte for the air electrode, and an air electrode are provided in this order.
- the solid electrolyte, water, dissolved gas, protons (H +), ion hydroxide - is required substances impervious etc. (OH).
- the all solid lithium ion battery is a lithium ion battery using a solid electrolyte as an electrolyte.
- the all solid lithium ion battery is attracting attention as a battery to replace the lithium ion secondary battery using an organic electrolytic solution as a commercially available electrolyte, since there is no concern of electrolyte leakage or gas generation.
- a material having high lithium ion conductivity is required for the solid electrolyte of the air battery or the all solid lithium ion battery.
- lithium lanthanum titanium oxide has been attracting attention as a material having high lithium ion conductivity (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).
- Non-Patent Document 1 reports that lithium lanthanum titanium oxide exhibits a high lithium ion conductivity of 7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Scm ⁇ 1 .
- Non-Patent Document 2 by adding Si to lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide to make the SiO 2 concentration 0.58 to 2.89% by weight, the lithium ion conductivity is at most 8.9 ⁇ 10. It is reported to improve to ⁇ 5 Scm ⁇ 1 (SiO 2 concentration 2.31 wt%, measurement temperature 30 ° C.).
- Patent Document 4 by adding Al 2 O 3 to lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide to make the concentration of Al 2 O 3 a weight of 11.1%, the lithium ion conductivity within the grains is 9.33. It is reported that the conductivity is improved to 2.38 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Scm ⁇ 1 (measurement temperature 30 ° C.) at the grain boundary at 10 ⁇ 4 Scm ⁇ 1 .
- An object of the present invention is to provide a lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body having a lithium ion conductivity of 3.0 ⁇ 10 -4 Scm -1 or more at a measurement temperature of 27 ° C. as a solid electrolyte material.
- the inventors of the present invention conducted intensive studies, and as a result, by making Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 which are unavoidable impurities in the manufacturing process equal to or less than specific amounts, the lithium ion conductivity is 3.0 ⁇ 10 at a measurement temperature of 27 ° C.
- the average particle diameter here does not mean the particle diameter of the raw material powder, but means the crystal particle size of one section separated by the grain boundary which constitutes the sintered body.
- a lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body having a lithium ion conductivity of 3.0 ⁇ 10 -4 Scm -1 or more can be obtained, and the lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body is used as a solid electrolyte material. It can be used. Therefore, it can be used as a solid electrolyte of a lithium air battery or an all solid lithium battery.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention is characterized in that it contains the above lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body.
- the lithium-air battery of the present invention is characterized by including the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body as a solid electrolyte.
- the all-solid-state lithium ion battery of the present invention is characterized by including the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body as a solid electrolyte.
- the present invention can obtain a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body having a lithium ion conductivity of 3.0 ⁇ 10 -4 Scm -1 or more, which is suitable as a solid electrolyte material for an air battery or an all solid lithium ion battery. .
- the lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body according to the present invention has a general formula (1-a) La x Li 2-3 x TiO 3 -a SrTiO 3 , (1-a) La x Li 2-3 x TiO 3 -aLa 0.5 K 0.5 TiO 3 , La x Li 2-3 x Ti 1-a M a O 3-a , Srx-1.5 a La a Li 1.5-2 x Ti 0.5 Ta 0.5 O 3 (0 .55 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.59, 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.2, M is any one or more of Fe and Ga), and the Al 2 O 3 content is 0.35 weight %, And the content of SiO 2 is 0.1 wt% or less, and the average particle diameter is 18 ⁇ m or more.
- a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body having a lithium ion conductivity of 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Scm ⁇ 1 or more at a measurement temperature of 27 ° C. can be obtained
- a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body represented by x 0.57 and a ⁇ 0.05 in the above composition formula.
- x 0.57
- a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body having a lithium ion conductivity of 4.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Scm ⁇ 1 or more at a measurement temperature of 27 ° C. can be obtained.
- a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body having a lithium ion conductivity of 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Scm ⁇ 1 or more at a measurement temperature of 27 ° C. can be obtained.
- the Al 2 O 3 concentration and the SiO 2 concentration of the lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body of the present invention are determined using a wavelength dispersive fluorescent X-ray apparatus.
- the composition (x, a) of the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body of the present invention is determined by the following method. Lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, Na 2 O 2 and NaOH are placed in a zirconium crucible and heated to melt. It is then allowed to cool and dissolved by adding water and HCl. The dissolved liquid fraction was separated, and Ti was quantified by aluminum reduction-ammonium iron sulfate (III) titration method, and the other elements were quantified by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- the lithium ion conductivity of the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body of the present invention is determined by the following method.
- the sample surface of a plate-like (15 mm ⁇ 15 mm ⁇ 2.5 mm) lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body is polished with a # 150 diamond grindstone, and is finally polished with a # 600 diamond grindstone.
- Two sheets of filter paper cut into a size of 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm are impregnated with a 1 M aqueous solution of lithium chloride, and attached so as to sandwich a plate-like lithium lanthanum titanium oxide.
- Lithium ion conductivity (Scm -1 ) 1 / (R b + R gb ) ⁇ (L / S)
- R b Resistance value inside grain ( ⁇ )
- R gb resistance value of grain boundary ( ⁇ )
- L Thickness of plate-like lithium lanthanum titanium oxide (cm)
- S Area of electrode (cm 2 )
- the lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body of the present invention is a sintered body of lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide having a single phase conversion ratio of 90% or more.
- the single phase conversion rate is defined by the following method.
- the lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body is pulverized in a mortar made of alumina to obtain a measurement sample, and measurement is performed using a powder X-ray diffractometer (X-ray source: CuK ⁇ ray). From the heights of the main peaks of the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide and the impurity in the obtained diffraction pattern, the single-phase ratio is determined by the following formula.
- Single phase conversion rate (%) I / (I + S) ⁇ 100
- S sum of heights of main peaks of all impurities TiO 2 , La 2 O 3 , Li 2 Ti as impurities 3 O 7 , La 2 Ti 2 O 7 and the like.
- the average particle size (the size of one section separated by grain boundaries constituting the sintered body) of the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body of the present invention is determined by the following method. After platinum is vapor-deposited on the surface of the obtained lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body, it is photographed with a scanning electron microscope at a magnification such that the number of particles is about 1,200 in one field of view. Based on the obtained image, each crystal particle is surrounded by the smallest rectangle using image analysis type particle size distribution measurement software, and the longer one of two orthogonal axes is the particle size of 1000 or more crystal particles. The diameter was measured, and the average was taken as the average particle diameter of the particles.
- the method for producing a lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body according to the present invention will be described below as an example.
- the method for producing a lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body according to the present invention may be any method as long as the composition and the content of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 fall within the range of the present invention.
- the lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body according to the present invention may be, for example, a lithium compound such as lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate as a lithium source, a titanium compound such as titanium oxide, metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid as a titanium source, or Mixture, using lanthanum oxide as a source of lanthanum.
- a lithium compound such as lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate as a lithium source
- a titanium compound such as titanium oxide, metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid as a titanium source
- Mixture using lanthanum oxide as a source of lanthanum.
- the other element (Sr, K, Fe, Ga, Ta) raw materials oxides, hydroxides, chlorides, carbonates and the like are used. These mixed powders can be obtained by calcining after grinding under specific conditions.
- Each raw material is weighed at the desired molar ratio.
- the lithium raw material is added in excess of 0 to 15% by weight of the lithium raw material with respect to the lithium raw material in consideration of volatilization of the lithium compound at the time of calcination and sintering.
- the measured raw materials are charged into a ball mill, mixed and pulverized (primary pulverization) to obtain primary pulverized raw materials.
- a dispersion medium a mixed solvent of pure water and alcohol (for example, ethanol), and as necessary, a dispersion medium such as a surfactant is added and pulverized.
- the grinding time is 20 to 50 minutes after grinding, left for 10 to 20 hours, and then ground again for 20 to 50 minutes.
- a grinding device can use a urethane lining ball mill, a nylon ball mill, a natural rubber lining ball mill, and grinding media can use zirconia media and alumina media.
- alumina lining ball mill a component of the lining material is Al 2 O 3 94%, SiO 2 4%) incorporation of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 components can be suppressed as compared with.
- the drying method is not particularly limited, and, for example, drying using a spray dryer, a fluid bed dryer, a tumbling granulator, a freeze dryer, or a hot air dryer can be used.
- the drying conditions for spray dryer drying are a hot air inlet temperature of 200 to 250 ° C. and an exhaust air temperature of 90 to 120 ° C.
- the primary dry powder is then calcined to obtain a calcined powder.
- calcination condition calcination is performed at 1000 to 1200 ° C. for 1 to 12 hours in an oxygen atmosphere, in the air, or in an inert atmosphere (in a nitrogen atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere).
- the obtained calcined powder is charged into a ball mill and subjected to secondary crushing to obtain a secondary crushed raw material.
- a dispersion medium a mixed solvent of pure water and alcohol (for example, ethanol), and as necessary, a dispersion medium such as a surfactant is added and pulverized.
- the grinding time is 1 to 6 hours.
- the grinding apparatus uses a urethane lined ball mill, a nylon ball mill, or a natural rubber lined ball mill. By using the ball mill, contamination with Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 components can be suppressed.
- the second ground material is dried in the same manner as the first ground material to obtain a second dry powder.
- the drying method is not particularly limited. For example, spray drier drying or drying with a hot air drier can be performed.
- the obtained secondary dry powder is molded into a desired shape using a molding method such as CIP molding, mold molding, casting molding, extrusion molding, green sheet casting molding and the like to obtain a molded body.
- the molding conditions for molding a mold are, for example, a molding pressure of 400 to 1500 kg / cm 2 .
- the resulting compact is sintered to obtain the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide of the present invention.
- secondary sintering is performed at 1200 to 1500 ° C. for 4 to 10 hours.
- the grain size of crystal grains can be controlled by changing the secondary sintering conditions.
- the sintering atmosphere for primary sintering and secondary sintering is oxygen atmosphere, air, or inert atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere or inert gas atmosphere).
- lithium lanthanum titanium oxide is produced by a solid phase method. For this reason, when compared with the liquid phase method of growing crystal particles in a solvent and removing the solvent, it is possible to inexpensively manufacture a sintered body having large crystal particles having an average particle diameter of 18 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle diameter needs to be 18 ⁇ m or more, preferably 21 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit is 100 ⁇ m.
- the reason why the lithium ion conductivity is improved is not clear but is considered as follows. It is considered that the Si compound and the Al compound contained in the lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body accumulate at grain boundaries and inhibit lithium ion conductivity.
- the content of Al 2 O 3 is 0.35% by weight or less, and the content of SiO 2 is 0.1% by weight or less, thereby reducing Si compounds and Al compounds accumulated in grain boundaries.
- lithium ion conductivity can be improved by reducing the volume of the grain boundary of the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body. By sintering at 1200 ° C.
- the average particle diameter of the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body becomes 18 ⁇ m or more, and the volume of grain boundaries is reduced. Furthermore, sintering at 1200 ° C. or higher has the effect of discharging the Si compound and Al compound accumulated in the grain boundaries from the interface. As a result, it is considered that a lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body having a lithium ion conductivity of 3.0 ⁇ 10 -4 Scm -1 or more can be obtained.
- the all solid lithium ion battery according to the present invention comprises a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material, the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material It consists of a solid electrolyte layer consisting of a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body of the present invention provided between layers.
- the positive electrode active material layer is, for example, LiCoO 2 , LiMnO 2 , LiNiMn 3 O 8 , LiVO 2 , LiCrO 2 , LiFePO 4 , LiCoPO 4 , LiNiO 2 , LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 and the like. It comprises a positive electrode active material, and optionally, a conductive material and a binder.
- the conductive material include acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber and the like.
- the binder include fluorine-containing binders such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- the negative electrode active material layer is composed of a negative electrode active material such as metal, carbon, or ceramic, a conductive material, and a binder.
- a negative electrode active material such as metal, carbon, or ceramic
- a conductive material such as copper, carbon, or ceramic
- a binder such as a binder
- the metal active material lithium and an alloy containing lithium metal can be mentioned.
- the carbon active material include meso carbon micro beads (MCMB), highly oriented graphite (HOPG), hard carbon, soft carbon and the like.
- HOPG highly oriented graphite
- the ceramic active material can be mentioned Li 4 Ti 5 O 12.
- the conductive material, the solid electrolyte material, and the binder are the same as those of the above-described positive electrode active material layer.
- the all solid lithium ion battery according to the present invention may include a positive electrode current collector for collecting current in the positive electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector for collecting current in the negative electrode active material layer.
- the material of the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as the material can withstand the use environment.
- stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, iron, titanium, etc., an alloy containing the above metal, carbon, etc. can be mentioned.
- the material of the negative electrode current collector include stainless steel, copper, nickel, an alloy containing the above metal, and carbon.
- An air battery according to the present invention comprises a negative electrode active material layer, a solid electrolyte comprising the lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body of the present invention, a positive electrode active material layer, and between the negative electrode active material layer and the solid electrolyte An electrolytic solution is provided between the active material layer and the solid electrolyte.
- the form of the positive electrode active material layer is not particularly limited as long as it can function as the positive electrode of the air battery, and can be a known form.
- a carbon-free porous, gas-permeable, conductive composite oxide such as a lanthanum strontium manganese composite oxide or a lanthanum strontium cobalt composite oxide, a lanthanum strontium copper composite oxide
- Examples include lanthanum calcium manganese based composite oxide, lanthanum calcium cobalt based composite oxide, lanthanum calcium copper based composite oxide, lanthanum barium manganese based composite oxide, lanthanum barium cobalt based composite oxide, lanthanum barium copper based composite oxide, etc. be able to.
- the negative electrode active material layer contains a negative electrode active material capable of releasing lithium ions, preferably an active material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions.
- Examples of the negative electrode active material include metal active materials such as lithium and an alloy containing lithium, and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 .
- the electrolytic solution is composed of an electrolyte and a solvent.
- the electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it forms lithium ions in a solvent.
- LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiSbF 6 and the like can be mentioned. These electrolytes may be used alone or in combination.
- solvent for example, propylene carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, ⁇ -butyrolactone, 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, sulfolane
- solvents include diethyl carbonate, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, dimethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate and the like. These solvents may be used alone or in combination.
- Electrode solution between positive electrode active material layer and solid electrolyte As an electrolyte between the positive electrode active material layer and the solid electrolyte, a water-based electrolyte or an organic electrolyte used in a general air battery can be used. For example, LiOH aqueous solution is mentioned.
- the air battery according to the present invention generally includes a positive electrode current collector for collecting current in the positive electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector for collecting current in the negative electrode active material layer.
- the material of the current collector is not particularly limited as long as the material can withstand the environment when using the air battery.
- a material of the positive electrode current collector for example, metals such as manganese, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, iridium, platinum, gold, stainless steel, aluminum, iron, titanium and the like, alloys containing the above metals, and carbon Etc. can be mentioned.
- a material of the negative electrode current collector for example, metals such as platinum, gold, stainless steel, copper, nickel and the like, alloys containing the metals, carbon and the like can be mentioned.
- the above-mentioned all solid lithium ion battery and air battery can be used for mobile devices, facility system devices, and backup power supplies.
- the mobile device is, for example, a car, a hawk lift, a construction machine, a motorcycle, a bicycle, a robot, an aircraft, a ship, a train, a satellite, or the like.
- the installation system device is, for example, a hydropower generation system, a thermal power generation system, a nuclear power generation system, a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, a geothermal power generation system, a tidal current (sea current, wave power) power generation system.
- the backup power supply system apparatus is, for example, an emergency power supply system apparatus of a structure (public facility, commercial facility, factory, hospital, house, etc.).
- Image analysis type particle size distribution measurement software Model name: Mac-View Ver.
- the crystal grain is enclosed by the smallest rectangle by 4 (Muntech Co., Ltd.), and the longer side of the two orthogonal axes is taken as the grain size, and the grain size of 1000 or more particles is measured. .
- Example 1 Raw materials: Lithium carbonate (made by Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile S.A., purity 99.2% or more), lanthanum oxide (made by Xing Xing Wei Wei Cai rare earth Co., Ltd., purity 99.99% or more), titanium oxide (Toho Titanium Co., Ltd., purity 99.99% or more) was used. The weight of each raw material is shown in Table 1, and the excess addition amount of lithium carbonate was 7.5% by weight.
- Lithium carbonate made by Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile S.A., purity 99.2% or more
- lanthanum oxide made by Xing Xing Wei Wei Cai rare earth Co., Ltd., purity 99.99% or more
- titanium oxide Toho Titanium Co., Ltd., purity 99.99% or more
- Primary Drying Primary pulverized powder was dried by a spray dryer to obtain primary dried powder.
- the conditions of the spray dryer are as follows. Raw material supply amount: 10 to 30 L / h Hot air inlet temperature: 200 to 250 ° C Exhaust temperature: 90 to 120 ° C
- the primary dry powder was put in a mochi bowl made of koujirite mullite and calcined in an electric furnace to obtain a calcined powder.
- the calcination was performed in the air at a calcination temperature of 1150 ° C. and a calcination time of 2 hours.
- the secondary pulverized powder was dried by a spray dryer to obtain a secondary dried powder.
- the conditions of the spray dryer are as follows.
- Raw material supply amount 10 to 30 L / h
- Hot air inlet temperature 200 to 250 ° C
- Exhaust temperature 90 to 120 ° C
- Molding 15 g of the secondary dry powder was molded into a flat plate of 40 mm ⁇ 40 mm ⁇ 3 mm in thickness by molding (molding pressure: 1000 kg / cm 2 ) to obtain a molded body.
- the sintered compact is subjected to primary sintering in the atmosphere at 1100 ° C. for 2 hours in an electric furnace, and then to secondary sintering at 1460 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body. Obtained.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 A lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the alumina media (diameter 3 mm) in “2. Primary pulverization” of Example 1 was changed to zirconia media (diameter 3 mm). The single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 3 A lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material in Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 4 A lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material in Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 5 A lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sintering temperature of “8. Sintering” in Example 1 was changed from 1460 ° C. to 1430 ° C.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 6 A lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material of Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1, and 3.666 kg of SrCO 3 was further added. .
- the single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 7 The lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material of Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1, and 11.00 kg of SrCO 3 was further added. .
- the single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 8 The lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material of Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1, and 1.884 kg of Fe 2 O 3 was further added. Made. The single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 9 The lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material of Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1, and 5.651 kg of Fe 2 O 3 was further added. Made. The single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 10 Lithium lanthanum was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material of Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1, and 36.29 kg of SrCO 3 and 54.86 kg of Ta 2 O 5 were further added. A titanium oxide sintered body was produced. The single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 11 Lithium lanthanum was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the weight of each raw material of Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1, and 25.30 kg of SrCO 3 and 54.86 kg of Ta 2 O 5 were further added. A titanium oxide sintered body was produced. The single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 12 “7. Molding” of Example 1 “110 g of secondary dry powder” by CIP molding (molding pressure ⁇ 1000 kg / cm 2 ) Outer diameter 23 mm, inner diameter 17 mm, length 180 mm, bottom thickness 5 mm, bottomed cylindrical A lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the molded body was obtained.
- An air battery 1 as shown in FIG. 1 was produced using the produced lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body as a solid electrolyte.
- the negative electrode active material layer 3, the first electrolyte solution 4, the positive electrode active material layer 7 and the solid electrolyte 5 between the negative electrode active material layer 3 and the solid electrolyte 5 are formed on the inner side surface of the negative electrode active material support 2 a.
- the second electrolytic solution 6 and the lid 2b were placed on the negative electrode active material support 2a.
- the negative electrode active material support 2a, the solid electrolyte 5, and the positive electrode active material layer 7 used in the air battery 1 have a cylindrical shape with a bottom. After the air battery 1 was manufactured, oxygen was allowed to flow inside the positive electrode active material layer 7 to perform discharge and charge / discharge measurement.
- Negative electrode active material support 2 a negative electrode active material layer 3, positive electrode active material layer 7, electrolyte solution 4 between negative electrode active material layer 3 and solid electrolyte 5, electrolyte solution 6 between positive electrode active material layer 7 and solid electrolyte 5
- the material of the lid 2b is as follows.
- Negative electrode active material support 2a SUS316L
- Negative electrode active material layer 3 Metal lithium Positive electrode active material layer 7: Porous carbon
- Second electrolytic solution 6 0.5 M LiOH aqueous solution lid 2 b: SUS 316 L
- the discharge measurement was performed at a constant current (1 mA) and a temperature of 27 ° C. while flowing 100 mL / min of oxygen (99.5% or more) to the positive electrode active material layer 7.
- the results are shown in FIG. It can be seen that the battery can be stably discharged for 47 hours at a discharge voltage of about 2.9 V, and has high discharge characteristics.
- Comparative Example 1 After the grinding and mixing conditions of "2. Primary grinding” of Example 1 are performed for 30 minutes, it is left in a ball mill for 15 hours and ground again for 30 minutes to continuous 20 hours grinding, zirconia of "5.
- the media (diameter 3 mm) was alumina media (diameter 3 mm), and the grinding time was changed from 6 hours to 10 hours.
- a lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for these changes.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 2 A lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material in Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1. The single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 3 A lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of each raw material in Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1. The single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 4 A lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.8527 kg of Al 2 O 3 was added when the pulverization of “5. Secondary pulverization” of Example 1 was performed.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 5 A lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.8527 kg of SiO 2 was added when the pulverization of “5. Secondary pulverization” in Example 1 was performed.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 6 A lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sintering temperature of “8. Sintering” in Example 1 was changed from 1460 ° C. to 1410 ° C.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 7 The “2. Primary pulverization” of Example 1 was changed to “the raw material weighed, 0.035 L of ethanol was charged into a mortar and mortar and mixing was performed for 30 minutes”. In addition, “3. Primary drying” was changed to “Primed ground powder was placed in a vat and dried at 120 ° C.”. Moreover, the calcination temperature 1150 degreeC of "4. calcination” was changed into 800 degreeC, and the calcination time 2 was changed into 4 hours. In addition, “5. Secondary pulverization” was changed to “the 0.07 kg of calcined powder was put into a mortar mortar and the pulverization was performed for 30 minutes”. In addition, “6.
- the secondary drying was changed to “the primary pulverized powder was put into a vat and dried at 120 ° C.”.
- “8. Sintering” was changed to “The secondary sintered body was sintered in an electric furnace at 1150 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body”.
- the single phase conversion ratio, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, the lithium ion conductivity, and the average particle diameter of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 8 After the grinding and mixing conditions of "2. Primary grinding” of Example 1 are performed for 30 minutes, it is left in a ball mill for 15 hours and ground again for 30 minutes to continuous 20 hours grinding, zirconia of "5. The media (diameter 3 mm) was alumina media (diameter 3 mm), and the grinding time was changed from 6 hours to 10 hours. A lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except for these changes. The single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 9 After the grinding and mixing conditions of "2. Primary grinding” of Example 1 are performed for 30 minutes, it is left in a ball mill for 15 hours and ground again for 30 minutes to continuous 20 hours grinding, zirconia of "5. The media (diameter 3 mm) was alumina media (diameter 3 mm), and the grinding time was changed from 6 hours to 10 hours. A lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 8 except for these changes. The single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Example 10 After the grinding and mixing conditions of "2. Primary grinding” of Example 1 are performed for 30 minutes, it is left in a ball mill for 15 hours and ground again for 30 minutes to continuous 20 hours grinding, zirconia of "5.
- the media (diameter 3 mm) was alumina media (diameter 3 mm), and the grinding time was changed from 6 hours to 10 hours.
- a lithium-lanthanum-titanium oxide sintered body was produced in the same manner as in Example 10 except for these changes.
- the single phase conversion ratio, Al 2 O 3 concentration, SiO 2 concentration, and lithium ion conductivity of the obtained lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body are shown in Table 2.
- Each comparative example in which any one or more of the Al 2 O 3 concentration, the SiO 2 concentration, and the average particle diameter is out of the range defined in the present invention has a lithium ion conductivity of 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4. It was less than Scm -1 .
- the lithium ion conductivity was 3.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Scm ⁇ 1 or more.
- Examples 1, 2, 5, 8 and 10 had particularly good conductivity.
- the present invention can provide a lithium primary battery, a solid electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery, for example, a lithium lanthanum titanium oxide sintered body that can be used as a solid electrolyte of an all solid lithium ion battery or a solid electrolyte of a lithium air battery. .
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Abstract
Description
更に、本発明のリチウム空気電池は、前記リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を固体電解質として備えることを特徴とする。
また、本発明の全固体リチウムイオン電池は、前記リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を固体電解質として備えることを特徴とする。
リチウムイオン伝導度(Scm-1)=1/(Rb+Rgb)×(L/S)
Rb:粒内の抵抗値(Ω)
Rgb:粒界の抵抗値(Ω)
L:板状のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物の厚み(cm)
S:電極の面積(cm2)
単相化率(%)=I/(I+S)×100
I:リチウムランタンチタン酸化物の2θ=0~50°における最強ピークの高さ
S:全ての不純物のメインピークの高さの和
なお、不純物としては、TiO2、La2O3、Li2Ti3O7、La2Ti2O7などがある。
本発明に係る全固体リチウムイオン電池は、正極活物質を含有する正極活物質層と、負極活物質を含有する負極活物質層と、前記正極活物質層及び前記負極活物質層の間に備えられた本発明のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体からなる固体電解質層からなる。
正極活物質層は、例えば、LiCoO2、LiMnO2、LiNiMn3O8、LiVO2、LiCrO2、LiFePO4、LiCoPO4、LiNiO2、LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2等の正極活物質、必要に応じて、導電材、結着材から構成される。導電材としては、例えば、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック、カーボンファイバー等を挙げることができる。結着材としては、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)等のフッ素含有結着材を挙げることができる。
負極活物質層は金属、カーボン、セラミックス等の負極活物質、導電材、結着材より構成される。例えば、金属活物質としては、リチウム、及びリチウム金属を含む合金を挙げることができる。カーボン活物質としては、例えば、メソカーボンマイクロビーズ(MCMB)、高配向性グラファイト(HOPG)、ハードカーボン、ソフトカーボン等を挙げることができる。またセラミックス活物質としてはLi4Ti5O12を挙げることができる。導電材、固体電解質材料及び結着材は、前述の正極活物質層と同様である。
本発明に係る全固体リチウムイオン電池は、正極活物質層の集電を行う正極集電体、及び、負極活物質層の集電を行う負極集電体を備えていてもよい。正極集電体の材料は、使用環境に耐えうる材料であれば特に限定されるものではない。例えば、正極集電体の材料としては、ステンレス、アルミニウム、ニッケル、鉄、チタン等、及び前記金属を含む合金、或いは、カーボン等を挙げることができる。負極集電体の材料としては、ステンレス、銅、ニッケル及び前記金属を含む合金、或いは、カーボン等を挙げることができる。
本発明に係る空気電池は、負極活物質層、本発明のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体からなる固体電解質、正極活物質層を有し、負極活物質層と固体電解質の間及び正極活物質層と固体電解質の間に電解液を備えることを特徴とする。
正極活物質層としては、空気電池の正極として機能可能であれば、その形態は特に限定されるものではなく、公知の形態とすることができる。例えば、炭素を含まない多孔質、気体通過性を有し、導電性を有する複合酸化物、例えば、ランタンストロンチウムマンガン系複合酸化物或いはランタンストロンチウムコバルト系複合酸化物、ランタンストロンチウム銅系複合酸化物、ランタンカルシウムマンガン系複合酸化物、ランタンカルシウムコバルト系複合酸化物、ランタンカルシウム銅系複合酸化物、ランタンバリウムマンガン系複合酸化物、ランタンバリウムコバルト系複合酸化物、ランタンバリウム銅系複合酸化物等を挙げることができる。
負極活物質層は、リチウムイオンを放出可能、好ましくは、リチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出可能活物質である負極活物質が含有されている。負極活物質としては、金属活物質、例えば、リチウム、及びリチウムを含む合金等、及びLi4Ti5O12を挙げることができる。
電解液は、電解質と溶媒より構成される。電解質は、溶媒中でリチウムイオンを形成するものであれば特に限定されない。例えば、LiPF6、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiAsF6、LiAlCl4、LiCF3SO3、LiSbF6等が挙げられる。これら電解質は単独でもよいが組み合わせて使用してもよい。また、溶媒としては、例えば、プロピレンカーボネート、テトラヒドロフラン、ジメチルスルホキシド、γ-ブチロラクトン、1,3-ジオキソラン、4-メチル-1,3-ジオキソラン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、スルホラン、ジエチルカーボネート、ジメチルホルムアミド、アセトニトリル、ジメチルカーボネート、エチレンカーボネート等が挙げられる。これら溶媒は、単独でもよいが、組み合わせて使用してもよい。
正極活物質層と固体電解質間の電解液は、通常の空気電池に用いられる水系電解液や有機電解液を用いることができる。例えば、LiOH水溶液が挙げられる。
本発明に係る空気電池は、通常、正極活物質層の集電を行う正極集電体、及び、負極活物質層の集電を行う負極集電体を備える。前記集電体の材料は、空気電池の使用時における環境に耐えうる材料であれば特に限定されるものではない。正極集電体の材料としては、例えば、マンガン、コバルト、ニッケル、ルテニウム、ロジウム、銀、イリジウム、白金、金、ステンレス、アルミニウム、鉄、チタン等の金属、及び前記金属を含む合金、及び、カーボン等を挙げることができる。一方、負極集電体の材料としては、例えば、白金、金、ステンレス、銅、ニッケル等の金属、及び前記金属を含む合金、或いは、カーボン等を挙げることができる。
1.リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の評価方法
(組成式のx、aの決定方法)
リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体とNa2O2とNaOHをジルコニウム坩堝に入れて、加熱して溶融する。その後放冷し、水とHClを加えて溶解する。溶解した液分を分取し、Tiについてはアルミニウム還元-硫酸アンモニウム鉄(III)滴定法により、その他の元素についてはICP発光分光法により定量を行い、一般式(1-a)LaxLi2-3xTiO3―aSrTiO3、(1-a)LaxLi2-3xTiO3―aLa0.5K0.5TiO3、LaxLi2-3xTi1-aMaO3-a、Srx-1.5aLaaLi1.5-2xTi0.5Ta0.5O3(0.55≦x≦0.59、0≦a≦0.2、M=Fe、Gaのいずれか一つまたは二つ以上を含む)のx、aの値を決定した。
得られた板状のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を分析用セルに直接入れ、その試料表面を波長分散型蛍光X線装置 型式名:LIX3000(株式会社リガク製)を用いて定性・定量分析を行い、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度を算出した。
板状(15mm×15mm×2.5mm)のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の試料表面を#150のダイヤモンド砥石で研磨を行い、仕上げに#600のダイヤモンド砥石で研磨を行った。10mm×10mmの大きさに切り取った2枚のろ紙に、1Mの塩化リチウム水溶液を染み込ませ、板状のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を挟むように貼り付けた。インピーダンスアナライザー 型式名:4192A(ヒューレットパッカード社製)を用いて測定周波数5Hz~13MHz、測定温度27℃でコール・コールプロットを測定し、測定データから粒内、粒界の抵抗値を読み取り、リチウムイオン伝導度を以下の計算式より求めた。
リチウムイオン伝導度(Scm-1)=1/(Rb+Rgb)×(L/S)
Rb:粒内の抵抗値(Ω)
Rgb:粒界の抵抗値(Ω)
L:板状のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物の厚み(cm)
S:電極の面積(cm2)
得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の表面を、イオンスパッター(株式会社日立サイエンスシステムズ製)により白金を蒸着後、走査型電子顕微鏡 型式名:S-4700(株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ製)により一視野に粒子数が1200個程度となるように撮影を行った。
得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体をアルミナ製の乳鉢で粉砕して測定試料とし、X線回折装置(X線源:CuKα線) 型式名:X’Part-ProMPD(パナリティカル社製)を用いて測定した。得られたX線回折パターンより、リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体と不純物のメインピークの高さから、単相化率を以下の計算式により求めた。
単相化率(%)=I/(I+S)×100
I:リチウムランタンチタン酸化物の2θ=0~50°における最強ピークの高さ
S:全ての不純物のメインピークの高さの和
1.原料
原料として炭酸リチウム(Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile S.A.製、純度99.2%以上)、酸化ランタン(宣興新威利成稀土有限公司製、純度99.99%以上)、酸化チタン(東邦チタニウム株式会社製、純度99.99%以上)を使用した。ぞれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示し、炭酸リチウムの過剰添加量は7.5重量%とした。
ウレタンライニングボールミル(容量200L)に、秤量した原料、アルミナメディア(径3mm)200kg、イオン交換水35L及びエタノール35L投入し、粉砕・混合30分行った後、15時間ボールミル内で放置し再度30分粉砕を行い、一次粉砕粉を得た。
一次粉砕粉をスプレードライヤーにより乾燥を行い、一次乾燥粉を得た。スプレードライヤーの条件は以下である。
原料供給量:10~30L/h
熱風入口温度:200~250℃
排風温度:90~120℃
一次乾燥粉をコウジライトムライト材質の匣鉢にいれ、電気炉にて仮焼を行い、仮焼粉を得た。仮焼条件は、大気中、仮焼温度1150℃、仮焼時間2時間にて行った。
ウレタンライニングボールミル(容量200L)に、仮焼粉70kg、ジルコニアメディア(径3mm)200kg、イオン交換水60L、分散剤(ポリアクリル酸アンモニウム塩)700gを投入し、粉砕を6時間行った。その後、アクリル樹脂系バインダー4.5kgを投入し、15分間混合を行い、二次粉砕粉を得た。
二次粉砕粉をスプレードライヤーにより乾燥し、二次乾燥粉を得た。スプレードライヤーの条件は以下である。
原料供給量:10~30L/h
熱風入口温度:200~250℃
排風温度:90~120℃
二次乾燥粉15gを、金型成形(成形圧力・1000kg/cm2)により40mm×40mm×厚み3mmの平板状に成形し、成形体を得た。
成形体を電気炉にて、大気中で1100℃、2時間で一次焼結を行った後、1460℃、6時間にて二次焼結を行い、リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を得た。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1の「2.一次粉砕」のアルミナメディア(径3mm)をジルコニアメディア(径3mm)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1の「8.焼結」の焼結温度を1460℃から1430℃へ変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更し、さらにSrCO3を3.666kg添加した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更し、さらにSrCO3を11.00kg添加した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更し、さらにFe2O3を1.884kg添加した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更し、さらにFe2O3を5.651kg添加した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更し、さらにSrCO3を36.29kg、Ta2O5を54.86kg添加した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更し、さらにSrCO3を25.30kg、Ta2O5を54.86kg添加した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1の「7.成形」を「二次乾燥粉110gを、CIP成形(成形圧力・1000kg/cm2)により外径23mm、内径17mm、長さ180mm、底の厚み5mmの有底円筒状に成形し、成形体を得た。」に変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。
負極活物質支持体2a: SUS316L
負極活物質層3:金属リチウム
正極活物質層7:多孔質カーボン
第1の電解液4:1.0M LiClO4溶液(溶媒はエチレンカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート)
第2の電解液6:0.5M LiOH水溶液
蓋2b:SUS316L
実施例1の「2.一次粉砕」の粉砕・混合条件を30分行った後に15時間ボールミル内で放置して再度30分粉砕から、連続20時間粉砕に、「5.二次粉砕」のジルコニアメディア(径3mm)をアルミナメディア(径3mm)、粉砕時間を6時間から10時間に変更した。これらの変更以外は実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1のそれぞれの原料の重量を表1に示したとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1の「5.二次粉砕」の粉砕を行う際に、Al2O3を0.8527kg添加した以外は実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1の「5.二次粉砕」の粉砕を行う際に、SiO2を0.8527kg添加した以外は実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1の「8.焼結」の焼結温度を1460℃から1410℃へ変更した以外は実施例1と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1の「2.一次粉砕」を「瑪瑙乳鉢に、秤量した原料、エタノール0.035Lを投入し、粉砕・混合を30分行った」に変更した。また、「3.一次乾燥」を「一次粉砕粉をバットに投入し、120℃で乾燥した」に変更した。また、「4.仮焼」の仮焼温度1150℃を800℃に変更し、仮焼時間2時間を4時間に変更した。また、「5.二次粉砕」を「瑪瑙乳鉢に仮焼粉0.07kgを投入し、粉砕を30分行った」に変更した。また、「6.二次乾燥」を「一次粉砕粉をバットに投入し、120℃で乾燥した」に変更した。また、「8.焼結」を「成形体を電気炉にて、1150℃、6時間にて二次焼結を行い、リチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を得た」に変更した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度、平均粒径を表2に示す。
実施例1の「2.一次粉砕」の粉砕・混合条件を30分行った後に15時間ボールミル内で放置して再度30分粉砕から、連続20時間粉砕に、「5.二次粉砕」のジルコニアメディア(径3mm)をアルミナメディア(径3mm)、粉砕時間を6時間から10時間に変更した。これらの変更以外は実施例6と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1の「2.一次粉砕」の粉砕・混合条件を30分行った後に15時間ボールミル内で放置して再度30分粉砕から、連続20時間粉砕に、「5.二次粉砕」のジルコニアメディア(径3mm)をアルミナメディア(径3mm)、粉砕時間を6時間から10時間に変更した。これらの変更以外は実施例8と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
実施例1の「2.一次粉砕」の粉砕・混合条件を30分行った後に15時間ボールミル内で放置して再度30分粉砕から、連続20時間粉砕に、「5.二次粉砕」のジルコニアメディア(径3mm)をアルミナメディア(径3mm)、粉砕時間を6時間から10時間に変更した。これらの変更以外は実施例10と同じ方法でリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を作製した。得られたリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体の単相化率、Al2O3濃度、SiO2濃度、リチウムイオン伝導度を表2に示す。
2a…負極活物質支持体
2b…蓋
3…負極活物質層
4…第1の電解液
5…固体電解質
6…第2の電解液
7…正極活物質層
Claims (7)
- 一般式(1-a)LaxLi2-3xTiO3―aSrTiO3、(1-a)LaxLi2-3xTiO3―aLa0.5K0.5TiO3、LaxLi2-3xTi1-aMaO3-a、Srx-1.5aLaaLi1.5-2xTi0.5Ta0.5O3(0.55≦x≦0.59、0≦a≦0.2、M=Fe、Gaから選択される少なくとも一種)で表され、Alの含有量がAl2O3として0.35重量%以下、かつSiの含有量がSiO2として0.1重量%以下であり、かつ平均粒子径が18μm以上であることを特徴とするリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体。
- リチウムイオン伝導度が3.0×10-4Scm-1以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体。
- x=0.57、a≦0.05であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のリチウムランタンチタン酸化物焼結体を含むことを特徴とする固体電解質。
- 請求項4に記載の固体電解質を備えることを特徴とするリチウム空気電池。
- 前記リチウム空気電池は、負極活物質層、固体電解質、正極活物質層を有し、負極活物質層と固体電解質の間、正極活物質層と固体電解質の間に電解液を備えることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のリチウム空気電池。
- 請求項4に記載の固体電解質を備えることを特徴とする全固体リチウムイオン電池。
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WO2020066301A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-02 | 堺化学工業株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池空気極用の粉体およびその製造方法 |
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CN105742761B (zh) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-03-23 | 苏州大学 | 一种全固态锂‑空气电池及其制备方法与应用 |
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