WO2013146777A1 - 管状ヒーター - Google Patents

管状ヒーター Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013146777A1
WO2013146777A1 PCT/JP2013/058772 JP2013058772W WO2013146777A1 WO 2013146777 A1 WO2013146777 A1 WO 2013146777A1 JP 2013058772 W JP2013058772 W JP 2013058772W WO 2013146777 A1 WO2013146777 A1 WO 2013146777A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulating base
flow path
tubular heater
cross
end side
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/058772
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
英徳 中間
Original Assignee
京セラ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京セラ株式会社 filed Critical 京セラ株式会社
Priority to CN201380017592.1A priority Critical patent/CN104206004B/zh
Priority to JP2014507913A priority patent/JP5766348B2/ja
Publication of WO2013146777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013146777A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tubular heater used for a fluid heating heater or the like.
  • a tubular ceramic base 901 having a fluid flow path 902, and a wire embedded in the tubular ceramic base 901 and arranged substantially evenly around the flow path 902. have been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
  • the cross-sectional shape of the channel 902 is constant from the upstream side to the downstream side, and it cannot be said that the heat transfer efficiency to the fluid flowing through the channel 902 is high.
  • the fluid is heated to a predetermined temperature, there is a problem that the fluid is hardly warmed up and it takes a relatively long heating time until the fluid reaches the predetermined temperature.
  • the flow path 902 has a configuration in which a plurality of flow path portions having different diameters are connected, so that the fluid residence time is increased by reducing the flow rate of the fluid, and the heat transfer efficiency is increased. It has also been proposed to increase it (see Patent Document 1).
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tubular heater having good heat transfer efficiency and capable of raising the temperature of a fluid to a predetermined temperature in a short time.
  • the tubular heater of the present invention includes a tubular insulating base having a space serving as a fluid flow path inside, and a resistor having a heat generating portion embedded in the insulating base, and the inner wall of the insulating base is And a change region in which the shape of the surface perpendicular to the length direction of the flow path changes while the cross-sectional area of the surface perpendicular to the length direction of the flow path remains substantially constant from the upstream side to the downstream side.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view which shows the other example of embodiment of the tubular heater of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view which shows the other example of embodiment of the tubular heater of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view which shows the other example of embodiment of the tubular heater of this invention.
  • It is the schematic which shows the other example of embodiment of the tubular heater of this invention.
  • It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tubular heater shown in FIG.
  • FIG. is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the conventional heater.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of the tubular heater of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a left side view of the tubular heater shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a right side view of the tubular heater shown in FIG. is there.
  • the tubular heater of the present embodiment includes a tubular insulating base 1 having a space serving as a fluid flow path 2 on the inside, and a resistor 6 having a heat generating portion 7 embedded in the insulating base 1 and insulated.
  • the inner wall of the substrate 1 has a change region 10 in which the cross-sectional shape of the flow path 2 changes while the cross-sectional area of the flow path 2 is substantially constant from the upstream side to the downstream side.
  • ceramics having insulating properties such as oxide ceramics, nitride ceramics or carbide ceramics can be used.
  • alumina ceramics, silicon nitride ceramics, aluminum nitride ceramics, silicon carbide ceramics, or the like can be used.
  • alumina ceramics is preferably used from the viewpoint of oxidation resistance. From the viewpoint of thermal conductivity to the fluid to be heated, high-purity alumina ceramics or aluminum nitride ceramics may be used.
  • the insulating substrate 1 is formed in a tubular shape, and has a space serving as a fluid flow path 2 inside as shown in FIG.
  • a resistor 6 having a heat generating portion 7 is embedded in the tubular insulating base 1 surrounding the flow path 2.
  • the insulating substrate 1 has a thin end region 11 and a thick central region 12, and a resistor 6 is embedded in the central region 12.
  • the length of the insulating substrate 1 (the length of the flow path 2) is 40 to 200 mm
  • the length of the thin end region 11 is 0.5 to 15 mm
  • the length of the thick central region 12 is 30. ⁇ 190 mm.
  • the diameter of the flow path 2 is, for example, 4 to 20 mm. This shape is produced by a manufacturing method described later, but is not particularly limited to this shape.
  • the resistor 6 is made of a conductor whose main component is a refractory metal such as tungsten, molybdenum or rhenium.
  • a refractory metal such as tungsten, molybdenum or rhenium.
  • the resistor 6 includes a heat generating portion 7 serving as a heating region and a drawing portion 8 serving as a non-heating region.
  • the lead-out portion 8 which is a non-heated region
  • the temperature increase of the power feeding portion 3 to which the lead terminal 4 is connected to the pad 5 by means such as brazing or soldering is suppressed, and cracks are generated due to thermal fatigue. It is possible to suppress contact failure due to oxidation caused by heating. Therefore, it is possible to provide a long-life and highly reliable tubular heater in which failures such as electric leakage and disconnection are suppressed.
  • the power supply unit 3 is used at a low temperature such that the temperature of the power supply unit 3 is 50 ° C. or lower. It is good to have a configuration.
  • it can be set as the wiring pattern which can distinguish the heat-emitting part 7 and the drawer
  • the heat generating portion 7 is provided on one end side of the insulating base 1, and the end of the resistor 6 is led out to the surface of the insulating base 1 on the other end side of the insulating base 1 from the position corresponding to the heat generating portion 7. It is preferable that With such a configuration, the temperature of the power feeding unit 3 connected to the end of the resistor 6 is not easily increased, so that stable heating is possible without contact failure, and there is a long life with no leakage or disconnection. A tubular heater with high reliability can be obtained.
  • the heat generating portions 7 forming the heating region are arranged at almost equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the tubular insulating base 1, for example.
  • the resistor 6 has a drawing portion 8 that is a non-heated region, and the drawing portion 8 is also arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction like the heat generating portion 7.
  • the inner wall of the insulating base 1 has a change region 10 in which the cross-sectional shape of the flow path 2 changes while the cross-sectional area of the flow path 2 is substantially constant from one end side to the other end side of the insulating base 1.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the insulating substrate 1 continuously changes from one end to the other end of the central region 12. That is, in the present embodiment, the entire inner wall of the central region 12 is the change region 10. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shape of one end surface of the insulating base 1 is different from the shape of the other end surface.
  • the change region 10 may be partially provided in the insulating substrate 1.
  • the change in the cross-sectional shape in the change region 10 does not change rapidly but changes gradually.
  • the “cross-sectional shape is changing” state refers to the following state. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, in one surface of the cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the insulating base 1, the axis in the direction in which the inner diameter is maximum is the X axis, and the axis in the direction perpendicular to the axis is the axis.
  • the Y-axis a value obtained by dividing the length in the X-axis direction by the length in the Y-axis direction is R1. Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
  • the value obtained by dividing the length in the X-axis direction by the length in the Y-axis direction is R2.
  • the value of R1 and the value of R2 differ by 0.5% or more, it is considered that “the cross-sectional shape has changed”.
  • the change region 10 in the insulating substrate 1 it is possible to suppress the accumulation of bubbles and the like in the flow path 2. Moreover, a turbulent flow is generated in the fluid (subject to be heated) flowing in the flow path 2, and the heat transfer efficiency to the fluid is improved. Therefore, the fluid is easily warmed and can be warmed to the target temperature in a short time.
  • the phrase “the cross-sectional area is substantially constant” means that the cross-sectional area is within an area difference of ⁇ 5% or less with respect to the average cross-sectional area. According to this configuration, since the flow path 2 has no irregularities and is a smooth change, when the fluid is a liquid, entrainment of bubbles or the like when the liquid flows is eliminated, and heat transfer efficiency is improved.
  • the following method can be used to confirm that the cross-sectional shape is changing and that the cross-sectional area is constant.
  • the above-described R1 and R2 and the cross-sectional area may be measured by cutting the change region 10 at intervals of 5 mm and using a Measuring Microscope manufactured by Mitsutoyo.
  • the cross section on one end side and the cross section on the other end side may each have an elliptical shape, and the shape may change such that the cross section is circular in the center.
  • the cross section on the one end side and the cross section on the other end side may be circular, and the shape may be changed so that the cross section changes most greatly from the circular shape at the center.
  • the heat generating portion 7 is provided on one end side of the insulating base 1 and the change region 10 is provided on the insulating base 1. It may be provided on the other end side. Thereby, when the fluid is caused to flow from the other end side of the insulating base 1, the fluid can be heated in the heat generating portion 7 after the fluid becomes turbulent in the change region 10. Thereby, it is possible to easily heat the fluid, and it is possible to warm up to a target temperature in a shorter time.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing another example of the embodiment of the tubular heater of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tubular heater shown in FIG.
  • the outer shape of the insulating base 1 is changed in accordance with the change in the cross-sectional shape of the flow path 2.
  • the configuration is not limited to this, and the insulating base 1
  • the outer shape may not change (a straight shape as viewed in the longitudinal section).
  • the heat generating portion 7 may be provided on one end side of the insulating base 1, and the change region 10 may be provided in a region corresponding to the heat generating portion 7. In this case, since the turbulent flow can be generated in the heat generating portion 7, it is possible to easily heat the fluid in a portion where the temperature in the flow path 2 is relatively high.
  • the insulating substrate 1 is made of an alumina ceramic.
  • the alumina which has alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) as a main component and is prepared so that silica (SiO 2 ), calcia (CaO), magnesia (MgO) and zirconia (ZrO 2 ) are within 10 mass% in total.
  • a ceramic green sheet is produced.
  • a predetermined pattern to be the resistor 6 is formed on the surface of the alumina ceramic green sheet.
  • a method of forming the resistor 6 a screen printing method, a transfer method, a resistor embedding method, or as another method, a method of forming a metal foil by an etching method or the like, or a nichrome wire formed in a coil shape and embedded
  • the resistor 6 consists of the heat generating part 7 and the drawer
  • the pad 5 is formed in a predetermined pattern shape on the surface of the ceramic green sheet opposite to the surface on which the resistor 6 is formed, similarly to the formation of the resistor 6.
  • the ceramic green sheet is filled with a conductor paste for forming a through hole conductor 9 and a through hole conductor 9 for electrically connecting the resistor 6 and the pad 5.
  • a conductive paste whose main component is a refractory metal such as tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), or rhenium (Re) can be used.
  • a cylindrical alumina ceramic molded body is formed by extrusion molding.
  • alumina ceramic green sheet is wound around this cylindrical alumina ceramic molded body, and an adhesive liquid in which the alumina ceramic of the same composition is dispersed is applied and brought into close contact, whereby alumina serving as the insulating substrate 1 is obtained.
  • a quality-integrated molded body can be obtained.
  • the integral molded body is deformed by applying a load with a mold having various shapes in a humidified state of 80% RH at 30 ° C., and then dried in a drying chamber at 70 ° C., so that the cross-sectional area is substantially uniform. As a result, an integrally molded body having the change region 10 in which the cross-sectional shape is changed can be formed.
  • an alumina-based integrated sintered body (insulating base 1) can be produced.
  • plating is applied on the pad 5 formed on the insulating substrate 1 as a base for forming the power feeding portion 3.
  • nickel plating, gold plating, tin plating and the like are generally used.
  • a plating method such as electroless plating, electrolytic plating, or barrel plating may be selected according to the purpose.
  • the power feeding unit 3 can be obtained by a method of forming terminals and leads by brazing or a method of soldering twisted wires. Considering the current value when using the tubular heater, it is better to select from the thickness and material.
  • the tubular heater of the present invention can be obtained by the above method.
  • An alumina ceramic green sheet having Al 2 O 3 as a main component and adjusted so that SiO 2 , CaO, MgO and ZrO 2 are within 10 mass% in total is prepared, and tungsten and molybdenum are used as main conductive components on the surface.
  • the resistor conductive paste was printed by a screen printing method.
  • a pad conductive paste having tungsten as a main conductive component was similarly printed on the back surface by a screen printing method.
  • the heating element was formed in a meandering shape of 5 reciprocations having a width of 1 mm, and the resistor was led out at the position of the power feeding portion through a lead portion 8 having a width of 3 mm connected to both ends thereof.
  • a through hole having a diameter of 0.4 mm was formed at the end of the lead portion, and a paste having tungsten as a main conductive component was injected to form a through hole conductor that electrically connected the pad and the resistor.
  • a paste having tungsten as a main conductive component was injected to form a through hole conductor that electrically connected the pad and the resistor.
  • four through-hole conductors were provided on the diagonal line of a 5 mm ⁇ 6 mm square pad so that the distance between each through-hole conductor was 1 mm or more.
  • an adhesive liquid in which alumina ceramics having substantially the same composition are dispersed is applied to the side of the prepared alumina ceramic green sheet on which the conductive paste for resistor is formed, and a cylindrical shape serving as an insulating base prepared separately is applied.
  • An alumina-based integral molded body was produced by closely contacting the periphery of the alumina-based ceramic molded body.
  • the alumina ceramic molded body to be an insulating substrate is produced by extrusion molding and dried. Specifically, an alumina ceramic molded body is extruded, and the molded body is deformed by applying a load with a mold having various shapes in a humidified state of 80% RH at 30 ° C., followed by drying at 70 ° C. By drying in a chamber, an insulating substrate having a change region in which the cross-sectional shape was changed while the cross-sectional area was substantially uniform was obtained.
  • the length of the insulating substrate was 90 mm
  • the length of the thick central region was 70 mm
  • the length of the thin end region was 10 mm at both ends of the central region.
  • the inner diameter (diameter of the flow path) of the insulating substrate was 6.5 mm
  • the thickness of the central region was 2.75 mm
  • the thickness of the end region was 2.25 mm.
  • an alumina-integrated molded body (sample 1) having the form shown in FIG. 1 was first produced.
  • a heat generating portion is provided on one end side of the insulating base, the cross section on one end side is circular, and the shape is changed from a circular shape to an elliptical shape toward the other end side.
  • an alumina-based integral molded body (sample 2) having the form shown in FIG. 7 was produced.
  • This tubular heater has an elliptical shape in cross section on one end side and a cross section on the other end side, and has a change region in which the cross section is circular in the center.
  • an alumina integral molded body (sample 3) having a form shown in FIG. 8 was produced.
  • This tubular heater is provided with a heat generating portion on one end side of the insulating base and has a change region only on the other end side.
  • an alumina-integrated molded body (sample 4) having the form shown in FIG. 9 was produced.
  • the various alumina integrated molded bodies thus prepared were fired in a reducing atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere) at 1500 to 1600 ° C. to produce an alumina integrated sintered body.
  • the aforementioned pad was formed on the surface of the alumina integrated sintered body.
  • the pad was subjected to nickel plating by electroless plating, and a ⁇ 1.2 mm nickel wire was brazed with silver brazing to produce a tubular heater for evaluation.
  • the water to be introduced was passed at a temperature of 5 ° C. and a flow rate of 500 ml / min, and the water thus passed was once put into a constant temperature water tank and then returned to the inlet side again to be circulated repeatedly.
  • Each of the fabricated ceramic heaters was given a power at which the heater power at 45 ° C. was 1000 W, and the time until 5 liters of water reached 45 ° C. was comparatively evaluated.
  • the water temperature was measured by installing K-type thermocouples at five locations in the thermostatic water tank, and taking the average of the five temperature measurements as the water temperature after heating.
  • the tubular heaters of Samples 1 to 4 have better heat transfer efficiency than the tubular heater of Sample 5 which is a comparative example, and the fluid to be heated can be warmed to the target temperature in a short time. This is presumably because the turbulent flow is generated in the fluid due to the change in the shape of the flow path provided inside the insulating substrate, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.
  • the tubular heater of the present invention can obtain the above-described effects by flowing a fluid, but can also be used when heating a solid or gas containing powder.
  • tubular heater of the present invention includes a warm water washing toilet seat and the like.

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PCT/JP2013/058772 2012-03-29 2013-03-26 管状ヒーター WO2013146777A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380017592.1A CN104206004B (zh) 2012-03-29 2013-03-26 管状加热器
JP2014507913A JP5766348B2 (ja) 2012-03-29 2013-03-26 管状ヒーター

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JP2012-076848 2012-03-29
JP2012076848 2012-03-29

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WO2013146777A1 true WO2013146777A1 (ja) 2013-10-03

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CN (1) CN104206004B (zh)
WO (1) WO2013146777A1 (zh)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015087937A1 (ja) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-18 京セラ株式会社 管状ヒータ
CN108886840A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2018-11-23 日本特殊陶业株式会社 陶瓷加热器
WO2019011534A1 (de) * 2017-07-11 2019-01-17 Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA Vorrichtung zur feuchte- und partialabscheidung für einen gassensor, sowie gassensor und gaswarn- oder gaskonzentrationsmessgerät mit einer solchen vorrichtung
JP2019114507A (ja) * 2017-12-26 2019-07-11 京セラ株式会社 ヒータ
JP2021075178A (ja) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-20 京セラ株式会社 車載洗浄液の加熱装置
JPWO2020175564A1 (ja) * 2019-02-28 2021-12-16 京セラ株式会社 熱交換ユニットおよびこれを備えた洗浄装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108550997B (zh) * 2017-11-15 2020-03-06 盖茨公司 自穿刺连接器
US20220146379A1 (en) * 2019-03-29 2022-05-12 Kyocera Corporation Gas collection device and gas detection system

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JPH0271199U (zh) * 1988-11-17 1990-05-30
JPH11144849A (ja) * 1997-11-07 1999-05-28 Nekken:Kk 管状発熱体
JP2000200675A (ja) * 1998-12-04 2000-07-18 Siceram Gmbh 電気連続流ヒ―タ―およびその製造方法
JP2002083672A (ja) * 1999-09-30 2002-03-22 Miyoshi Electronics Corp パイプヒータおよびパイプヒータを用いる流体加熱装置

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US5586214A (en) * 1994-12-29 1996-12-17 Energy Convertors, Inc. Immersion heating element with electric resistance heating material and polymeric layer disposed thereon
JP2004185929A (ja) * 2002-12-02 2004-07-02 Ngk Insulators Ltd 管状セラミックスヒータとその製造方法

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0271199U (zh) * 1988-11-17 1990-05-30
JPH11144849A (ja) * 1997-11-07 1999-05-28 Nekken:Kk 管状発熱体
JP2000200675A (ja) * 1998-12-04 2000-07-18 Siceram Gmbh 電気連続流ヒ―タ―およびその製造方法
JP2002083672A (ja) * 1999-09-30 2002-03-22 Miyoshi Electronics Corp パイプヒータおよびパイプヒータを用いる流体加熱装置

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015087937A1 (ja) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-18 京セラ株式会社 管状ヒータ
JP5960931B2 (ja) * 2013-12-10 2016-08-02 京セラ株式会社 管状ヒータ
JPWO2015087937A1 (ja) * 2013-12-10 2017-03-16 京セラ株式会社 管状ヒータ
CN108886840A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2018-11-23 日本特殊陶业株式会社 陶瓷加热器
EP3439428A4 (en) * 2016-03-30 2019-11-13 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. CERAMIC HEATING UNIT
WO2019011534A1 (de) * 2017-07-11 2019-01-17 Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA Vorrichtung zur feuchte- und partialabscheidung für einen gassensor, sowie gassensor und gaswarn- oder gaskonzentrationsmessgerät mit einer solchen vorrichtung
JP2019114507A (ja) * 2017-12-26 2019-07-11 京セラ株式会社 ヒータ
JP7018307B2 (ja) 2017-12-26 2022-02-10 京セラ株式会社 ヒータ
JPWO2020175564A1 (ja) * 2019-02-28 2021-12-16 京セラ株式会社 熱交換ユニットおよびこれを備えた洗浄装置
JP2021075178A (ja) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-20 京セラ株式会社 車載洗浄液の加熱装置

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JP5766348B2 (ja) 2015-08-19
JPWO2013146777A1 (ja) 2015-12-14
CN104206004A (zh) 2014-12-10
CN104206004B (zh) 2016-02-03

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