WO2013146124A1 - 転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013146124A1 WO2013146124A1 PCT/JP2013/056009 JP2013056009W WO2013146124A1 WO 2013146124 A1 WO2013146124 A1 WO 2013146124A1 JP 2013056009 W JP2013056009 W JP 2013056009W WO 2013146124 A1 WO2013146124 A1 WO 2013146124A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- interface
- less
- rolling fatigue
- region
- steel
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/62—Selection of substances
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel material for manufacturing bearing parts used in automobiles and various industrial machines, and particularly to a steel material for bearings that exhibits excellent rolling fatigue life when used as a bearing part, and a method for manufacturing the same. It is about.
- high carbon chromium bearing steels such as SUJ2 specified in JIS G 4805 (1999) have been used as bearing materials used in various fields such as automobiles and various industrial machines.
- bearings are used in harsh environments such as inner and outer rings and rolling elements such as ball bearings and roller bearings with extremely high contact surface pressure, fatigue failure is likely to occur due to very fine defects (inclusions, etc.).
- inclusions, etc. there is a problem that frequent maintenance (replacement, inspection, etc.) is necessary.
- attempts have been made to improve the steel for bearings in order to increase the rolling fatigue life and reduce the number of maintenance operations.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that the rolling fatigue life is improved by refining crystal grains.
- Patent Document 3 the rolling temperature is lowered and the forging pressure ratio is increased (60 or more) to reduce the hardness variation caused by stripe segregation.
- Patent Document 4 the soaking time is lengthened. This suppresses the formation of giant carbides and improves the life.
- these methods are limited in terms of rolling method and size, and thus cannot be said to be industrially highly flexible, and it is difficult to say that the effect of improving the service life is not necessarily increased to a desired level. It was.
- Patent Document 5 the spheroidizing treatment time is lengthened and the crystal grains are refined by applying induction hardening. However, the longer spheroidizing treatment deteriorates manufacturability and the induction hardening treatment. Therefore, it is not an industrially highly flexible method.
- Patent Document 6 describes the size and density of the Al-based nitrogen compound dispersed in steel, in particular, in order to improve the grindability when processing into a product shape and to stably obtain a good rolling fatigue life, and Specifies the size and area ratio of cementite.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a bearing steel wire material suitable for strong wire drawing that does not break even when wire drawing is performed so that the wire drawing area reduction ratio exceeds about 50% (further 70%). It has been proposed to control the manufacturing conditions to keep the average equivalent circle diameter and standard deviation of cementite after spheroidizing annealing to a certain level or less to suppress variations.
- the present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to realize a steel material for bearings for obtaining a bearing component having a further improved rolling fatigue life.
- the steel material for bearings excellent in rolling fatigue characteristics of the present invention that has solved the above problems is C: 0.95 to 1.10% (meaning mass%, the same applies to chemical components), Si: 0.15-0.35%, Mn: 0.2 to 0.50%, Cr: 1.30 to 1.60%, P: 0.025% or less (excluding 0%), S: 0.025% or less (excluding 0%), Ni: 0.02 to 0.25%, Cu: 0.02 to 0.25%, Mo: less than 0.08% (including 0%), Al: 0.001% to 0.050%, Ti: 0.0015% or less (excluding 0%), O: 0.001% or less (not including 0%), and N: 0.020% or less (not including 0%)
- the balance consists of iron and inevitable impurities, Si (interface Si), Mn (interface Mn), Cr (interface Cr), Cu (interface Cu), Ni (interface Ni) included in the parent phase region (interface region) from the surface of spheroidized cementite to 20 nm, and Mo (interface
- the present invention also includes a method for producing the above-mentioned bearing steel, which uses the steel material having the above component composition, and spheroidizing annealing, A primary soaking process in which (Ac1e + 30) to (Ac1e + 50) ° C.
- the present invention it is possible to realize a bearing steel material that further improves the rolling fatigue life. Therefore, when a bearing obtained using the bearing steel material is used in a harsh environment, an excellent rolling fatigue life is achieved. And can reduce maintenance (replacement, inspection, etc.).
- FIG. 1 is a state diagram used for calculating Ac1e and Ac1b in the present invention.
- spheroidized cementite is dispersed in the martensite substrate, and a weak incompletely quenched region (bainite, pearlite) is generated around the spheroidized cementite.
- the present inventors consider that cracks are likely to occur and propagate in this incompletely quenched region, and in order to extend the life of the bearing, unlike the conventional techniques for reducing non-metallic inclusions, the above incompletely quenched From the viewpoint that suppression of region generation is effective, the specific means was examined.
- the inventors first performed a line analysis of the periphery of spheroidized cementite by FE-TEM. As a result, Cr and Mn, which are hardenability improving elements, are concentrated in the spheroidized cementite, and the spheroidized cementite periphery (spheroidized cementite). It was found that the Cr and Mn concentrations were deficient in the parent phase region in contact with. As a cause of the occurrence of the incompletely quenched region, it is considered that quenching becomes insufficient due to the lack of Cr and Mn concentrations.
- the coefficient of the right side (hereinafter referred to as “interface Di value”) in the above formula (1) is obtained as follows. That is, a test piece was collected from a steel bar (outer diameter 60 mm) having a composition of steel materials 1 to 14 in Table 1 in Examples described later, and a Jominy test was performed in accordance with a method defined in JIS G-0561. At that time, the heating condition of the test piece was 920 ° C. ⁇ 30 minutes. Next, the distance from the end of the test piece on the coolant supply side to the position indicating Rockwell C hardness 60 required for bearing strength was determined for each steel.
- the interface Di value is set to 9.0 or more as shown in the above formula (1), a desired rolling fatigue life (1.0 ⁇ 10 7 times or more).
- the interface Di value is less than 9.0, the hardenability of the interface region is insufficient, and a fragile incompletely quenched region is formed. The reduction of the becomes remarkable.
- the interface Di value is preferably 9.5 or more, more preferably 10.0 or more.
- the individual ranges of the interface Si, the interface Mn, the interface Cu, the interface Ni, the interface Cr, and the interface Mo are not particularly limited, and may satisfy the above formula (1).
- the present inventors satisfy the formula (1) in the steel of each of the hardenability improving elements (Si, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Mo). It is found that it is necessary to make the content within a predetermined range and perform a predetermined spheroidizing annealing treatment to diffuse Cr and Mn in the spheroidized cementite into the parent phase to suppress these Mn and Cr deficient regions. It was.
- C 0.95 to 1.10%
- C is an essential element for increasing the quenching hardness and maintaining the strength at room temperature and high temperature to ensure wear resistance. Therefore, C must be contained in an amount of 0.95% or more, preferably 0.98% or more. However, if the amount of C is excessively large, giant carbides are likely to be generated and adversely affect the rolling fatigue characteristics. Therefore, the amount of C is set to 1.10% or less. Preferably it is 1.05% or less.
- Si is an element useful for strengthening the solid solution of the matrix, improving the temper softening resistance, improving the hardenability of the matrix phase, and improving the hardenability of the interfacial region (securing the interface Si).
- the amount of Si is preferably 0.17% or more, and more preferably 0.20% or more.
- the Si amount is set to 0.35% or less.
- it is 0.33% or less, More preferably, it is 0.30% or less.
- Mn is an element effective for strengthening the solid solution of the matrix, improving the hardenability of the matrix, and improving the hardenability of the interfacial region (securing the interface Mn). Further, it is an element necessary for preventing hot brittleness due to S. In order to exert such effects, it is necessary to contain 0.2% or more of Mn.
- the amount of Mn is preferably 0.25% or more, more preferably 0.3% or more. However, if the amount of Mn is too large, the workability and machinability are remarkably lowered, so the amount of Mn is set to 0.50% or less. Preferably it is 0.45% or less, More preferably, it is 0.40% or less.
- Cr 1.30 to 1.60%
- Cr is an element useful in combination with C to form fine cementite and ensure wear resistance. It is also an element useful for improving the hardenability of the matrix and improving the hardenability of the interfacial region (securing the interface Cr).
- the Cr content is set to 1.30% or more. Preferably it is 1.35% or more.
- the Cr content is 1.60% or less. Preferably it is 1.55% or less, More preferably, it is 1.50% or less.
- P 0.025% or less (excluding 0%)
- P is an element inevitably contained as an impurity, and it is desirable to reduce it as much as possible because it segregates at the grain boundary and embrittles, and deteriorates workability and rolling fatigue characteristics.
- the P content is set to 0.025% or less.
- it is 0.020% or less (more preferably 0.015% or less).
- S 0.025% or less (excluding 0%)
- S is an element that is inevitably contained as an impurity, and it is preferably reduced as much as possible because it precipitates as MnS and reduces the rolling fatigue life.
- the S content is set to 0.025% or less.
- it is 0.020% or less (more preferably 0.015% or less).
- Ni is an element that has a low equilibrium partition coefficient, acts as an element that improves the hardenability of the interface region (to ensure the interface Ni), increases the hardness, and contributes to the improvement of rolling fatigue characteristics. It also contributes to improvement of the hardenability of the matrix.
- the Ni amount needs to be 0.02% or more. Preferably it is 0.05% or more, More preferably, it is 0.07% or more. However, when the amount of Ni becomes excessive, workability deteriorates. Therefore, the Ni content is 0.25% or less. Preferably it is 0.22% or less, More preferably, it is 0.20% or less.
- Cu is an element that has a low equilibrium partition coefficient, acts as an element that improves the hardenability of the interface region (ensures the interface Cu), increases hardness, and contributes to improvement of rolling fatigue characteristics. It also contributes to improvement of the hardenability of the matrix. In order to exhibit these effects, it is necessary to make Cu amount 0.02% or more. Preferably it is 0.05% or more, More preferably, it is 0.07% or more. However, when the amount of Cu becomes excessive, workability deteriorates. Therefore, the amount of Cu is made 0.25% or less. Preferably it is 0.22% or less, More preferably, it is 0.20% or less.
- Mo less than 0.08% (including 0%)
- Mo is an element that has a low equilibrium partition coefficient, acts as an element that improves the hardenability of the interface region (ensures the interface Mo), increases hardness, and contributes to improvement of rolling fatigue characteristics.
- Mo is not an essential additive element, and the lower limit of the content is not particularly limited as long as the above formula (1) is satisfied.
- the spheroidizing treatment conditions and other hardenability improving elements in the interface region Si, Cr, Mn , Ni, Cu, etc.
- it is preferable to contain 0.01% or more. More preferably, it is 0.03% or more.
- the Mo amount is less than 0.08%.
- it is 0.07% or less, More preferably, it is 0.05% or less.
- Al 0.001% to 0.050%
- Al is a deoxidizing element and is useful in reducing oxides that reduce the amount of O in steel and adversely affect the life of the bearing, and is therefore usually added intentionally.
- the Al content needs to be 0.001% or more. More preferably, it is more than 0.005%, and more preferably 0.010% or more.
- the Al amount is set to 0.050% or less. Preferably it is 0.040% or less, More preferably, it is 0.030% or less.
- Ti 0.0015% or less (excluding 0%)
- Ti is a harmful element that has a large adverse effect on the rolling fatigue life because Ti easily combines with N in steel to produce coarse TiN. Therefore, although it is desirable to reduce as much as possible, since extreme reduction leads to an increase in steelmaking cost, the upper limit of Ti content is set to 0.0015%. Preferably it is 0.0010% or less.
- O is an element that greatly affects the form of impurities in the steel, and it forms inclusions such as Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 that adversely affect rolling fatigue characteristics. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce it as much as possible.
- the upper limit of the O amount is set to 0.001%. Preferably it is 0.0008% or less, More preferably, it is 0.0006% or less.
- N 0.020% or less (excluding 0%)
- N is one of the inevitable impurities, and when the amount of N is excessive, hot workability is lowered, and problems in manufacturing the steel are likely to occur. Further, N combines with Ti present as an inevitable impurity to form a nitride that is harmful to rolling fatigue characteristics, which can adversely affect the fatigue characteristics of the bearing. Therefore, the N amount is 0.020% or less. Preferably it is 0.015% or less, More preferably, it is 0.010% or less.
- the components of the steel of the present invention are as described above, and the balance is composed of iron and inevitable impurities.
- the hot rolled material or hot forged material is heated in the temperature range of 780 to 800 ° C. for 2 to 8 hours, and then cooled to 680 ° C. at a cooling rate of 10 to 15 ° C./hr. After that, the spheroidized cementite was dispersed by cooling to the atmosphere. However, as a result, Cr and Mn remain in the spheroidized cementite that precipitates during cooling and are not diffused to the parent phase side, and Cr and Mn in the interface region are deficient and do not satisfy the above formula (1). It was.
- spheroidizing annealing is performed, Primary soaking step: maintained for 2 to 9 hr in the temperature range of (Ac1e + 30) to (Ac1e + 50) ° C., second soaking step: held for 1.5 to 6 hr in the temperature range of Ac 1e to (Ac1e + 10) ° C. Third soaking step: Hold for 1 to 3 hours in the temperature range of Ac1b to (Ac1b + 10) ° C. and, By performing a step of cooling to 680 ° C.
- T1 is set to (Ac1e + 30) ° C. or higher.
- it is (Ac1e + 35) ° C. or higher.
- t1 shall be 2 hr or more.
- it is 4 hours or more.
- T1 exceeds (Ac1e + 50) ° C. or when t1 is too long, Si, Ni, Cu, and Mo concentrated in the interface region diffuse to the matrix phase side, and interface Si, interface Ni, interface Cu and interface Mo are reduced and the above formula (1) is not satisfied. Therefore, T1 is set to (Ac1e + 50) ° C. or less. Preferably, it is (Ac1e + 45) ° C. or lower. Moreover, t1 shall be 9 hr or less. Preferably it is 7 hr or less.
- T2 is set to Ac1e or more.
- it is (Ac1e + 2) ° C. or higher.
- t2 shall be 1.5 hr or more.
- it is 1.7 hr or more.
- T2 exceeds (Ac1e + 10) ° C.
- Cr and Mn in the spheroidized cementite precipitated up to the Ac1e point cannot be sufficiently diffused to the matrix side, and the interface Cr and interface Mn are insufficient.
- T2 is set to (Ac1e + 10) ° C. or lower.
- it is (Ac1e + 8) ° C. or lower.
- t2 exceeds 6 hr, Si, Ni, Cu, and Mo concentrated in the interface region diffuse to the parent phase side, and the interface Si, interface Ni, interface Cu, and interface Mo decrease, and the above formula ( Does not satisfy 1). Therefore, t2 is set to 6 hr or less. Preferably it is 4 hr or less.
- T3 is set to Ac1b or more.
- it is (Ac1b + 2) ° C. or higher.
- t3 shall be 1 hr or more.
- it is 1.5 hr or more.
- T3 exceeds (Ac1b + 10) ° C.
- Cr and Mn in the spheroidized cementite precipitated up to the Ac1b point cannot be sufficiently diffused, and the interface Cr and the interface Mn are insufficient and the above formula (1) is satisfied. It becomes difficult to meet. Therefore, T3 is set to (Ac1b + 10) ° C. or lower.
- T3 is preferably (Ac1b + 8) ° C. or lower.
- t3 exceeds 3 hr, Si, Ni, Cu, and Mo concentrated in the interface region diffuse to the matrix phase side, and the interface Si, interface Ni, interface Cu, and interface Mo decrease, and the above formula ( 1) cannot be satisfied. Therefore, t3 is set to 3 hr or less. Preferably it is 2 hr or less.
- the said average cooling rate shall be 10 degrees C / hr or more. Preferably it is 12 degrees C / hr or more.
- the said average cooling rate shall be 20 degrees C / hr or less. Preferably it is 18 degrees C / hr or less.
- the average cooling rate (CR2) during cooling is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of facility restrictions and productivity, the CR1 and CR2 are preferably within the range of 60 ° C./hr to 180 ° C./hr.
- the cooling rate to room temperature after cooling to 680 ° C. is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to allow cooling (air cooling) from the viewpoint of improving productivity.
- the steel material of the present invention is processed into a predetermined part shape after performing the spheroidizing annealing as described above, and is subsequently quenched and tempered to be manufactured into a bearing part or the like. It includes both linear and bar shapes that can be applied to such production, and the size can also be appropriately determined according to the final product.
- the slabs having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 were heated to 1100-1300 ° C. in a heating furnace, and then subjected to block rolling at 900-1200 ° C. Thereafter, hot rolling was performed at 830 to 1100 ° C. to obtain a steel material (rolled material) having a predetermined diameter ( ⁇ 65 mm).
- the underlined Mo amount in Table 1 indicates the amount of Mo mixed inevitably.
- spheroidizing annealing was performed using the obtained steel material.
- Spheroidizing annealing is performed under the heat treatment conditions (temperature / time) shown in Table 2 or Table 3 from room temperature to T1, with an average temperature increase rate of 50 to 150 ° C./hr, and maintained at a soaking temperature T1 for a soaking time t1. Then, the temperature is cooled to the soaking temperature T2, held at the soaking temperature T2 and maintained at the soaking time t2, and then cooled to the soaking temperature T3 and held at the soaking temperature T3 at the soaking time t3. After cooling from T3 (from T1 in No. 3 as a comparative example and from T2 in No. 21) to 680 ° C. at the average cooling rate shown in Table 2 or Table 3, it was allowed to cool to the atmosphere.
- the cooling from T1 to T2 and the cooling from T2 to T3 were performed at the average cooling rate shown in Table 2 or Table 3.
- test piece after spheroidizing annealing is cut with a longitudinal section (a section parallel to the rolling direction) so that the position of D (diameter) / 4 can be observed, and after polishing this section, the sample is prepared by a thin film method.
- the spheroidized cementite was observed by FE-TEM (field emission type transmission electron microscope).
- the line analysis of the spheroidized cementite was conducted so as to pass through the substantially circular center of the spheroidized cementite by EDX (energy dispersive X-ray detector) of TEM (measurement conditions are as follows), Fe, The concentration of each element of Si, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Mo was measured. This analysis is performed on five arbitrarily selected spheroidized cementites, and the average value of each element in the parent phase region (interface region) from the spheroidized cementite surface to the parent phase side to the position of 20 nm is obtained. , Interface Si, interface Mn, interface Cr, interface Cu, interface Ni, and interface Mo. And the right-side value (interface Di value) of Formula (1) was calculated
- the fatigue life L10 (the number of stress repetitions until fatigue failure at a cumulative failure probability of 10% obtained by plotting on Weibull probability paper) was evaluated. At this time, the fatigue life L10 (L10 life) was set to 1.0 ⁇ 10 7 times or more as an acceptance criterion.
- No. No. 4 has a short soaking time (t2 and t3) in the secondary soaking process and the tertiary soaking process, so that the interface Cr and the interface Mn are insufficient to satisfy the formula (1), and the rolling fatigue life is short. became.
- No. No. 6 is No. 6 because the soaking temperature T1 of the primary soaking process is too low. In No. 8, since the soaking time t1 of the primary soaking step was too short, both the interface Cr and the interface Mn were insufficient and the formula (1) was not satisfied, and the rolling fatigue life was shortened.
- No. No. 7 is because the soaking temperature T1 in the primary soaking process is too high.
- No. 9 since the soaking time t1 of the primary soaking process is too long, all of Si, Ni and Cu concentrated in the interface region diffuse to the parent phase side, and the interface Si, interface Ni and interface Cu are (For the interface Mo, the amount of Mo in the steel is small, the interface Mo is small, and the decrease due to diffusion is also small. The same applies to Nos. 13, 17, and 18 below) and the equation (1) is not satisfied. The rolling fatigue life is shortened.
- No. No. 10 is because the soaking temperature T2 in the secondary soaking process is too low. No. 12, since the soaking time t2 of the secondary soaking process was too short, both the interface Cr and the interface Mn were insufficient, and the formula (1) was not satisfied, and the rolling fatigue life was shortened.
- No. No. 14 has a soaking temperature T3 in the third soaking process that is too low.
- T3 soaking temperature
- No. No. 20 was not subjected to secondary soaking treatment, so that no. No. 21 was not subjected to the third soaking process, so that Cr and Mn in the spheroidized cementite precipitated in each temperature range could not be sufficiently diffused, and the interface Cr and the interface Mn were insufficient and the formula (1) Not satisfied, rolling fatigue life was shortened.
- No. No. 46 has an insufficient amount of Mn in the steel, so the interface Mn also decreases, does not satisfy the formula (1), the interface region is insufficiently quenched, and the parent phase is not sufficiently quenched, resulting in a rolling fatigue life. Became shorter.
- No. No. 47 has insufficient Cr in the steel, so the interface Cr is small, the equation (1) is not satisfied, the interfacial area is insufficiently quenched, and the matrix phase is also insufficiently quenched, resulting in rolling fatigue. Life is shortened.
- No. No. 57 cannot secure the interface Cu because the amount of Cu in the steel is insufficient.
- No. 58 cannot secure the interface Ni because the amount of Ni in the steel is insufficient.
- No. 59 had insufficient Cr in the steel, so sufficient interface Cr could not be secured, and none of the formulas (1) was satisfied, so that quenching in the interface area was insufficient. In both cases, the quenching of the parent phase was insufficient and the rolling fatigue life was shortened.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
Description
C:0.95~1.10%(質量%の意味、化学成分について以下同じ)、
Si:0.15~0.35%、
Mn:0.2~0.50%、
Cr:1.30~1.60%、
P:0.025%以下(0%を含まない)、
S:0.025%以下(0%を含まない)、
Ni:0.02~0.25%、
Cu:0.02~0.25%、
Mo:0.08%未満(0%を含む)、
Al:0.001%~0.050%、
Ti:0.0015%以下(0%を含まない)、
O:0.001%以下(0%を含まない)、および
N:0.020%以下(0%を含まない)
を満たし、残部が鉄および不可避不純物からなり、
球状化セメンタイトの表面から20nmまでの母相領域(界面域)に含まれるSi(界面Si)、Mn(界面Mn)、Cr(界面Cr)、Cu(界面Cu)、Ni(界面Ni)、およびMo(界面Mo)が、下記式(1)を満たすところに特徴を有する。
9.0 ≦ 1.4×界面Si+1.8×界面Mn+5.5×界面Cu+4.2×界面Ni+4.8×界面Cr+5.5×界面Mo …(1)
(式(1)において、界面Si、界面Mn、界面Cu、界面Ni、界面Cr、界面Moは、それぞれ、球状化セメンタイトの表面から20nmまでの母相領域(界面域)に含まれるSi、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Moの含有量(質量%)を示す)
(Ac1e+30)~(Ac1e+50)℃の温度域(T1)で2~9hr(t1)保持する1次均熱処理工程、
Ac1e~(Ac1e+10)℃の温度域(T2)で1.5~6hr(t2)保持する2次均熱処理工程、
Ac1b~(Ac1b+10)℃の温度域(T3)で1~3hr(t3)保持する3次均熱処理工程、および、
上記T3から680℃までを平均冷却速度10~15℃/hrで冷却する工程をこの順に含むように行うところに特徴を有する。
9.0 ≦ 1.4×界面Si+1.8×界面Mn+5.5×界面Cu+4.2×界面Ni+4.8×界面Cr+5.5×界面Mo …(1)
(式(1)において、界面Si、界面Mn、界面Cu、界面Ni、界面Cr、界面Moは、それぞれ、球状化セメンタイトの表面から20nmまでの母相領域(界面域)に含まれるSi、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Moの含有量(質量%)を示す)
Cは、焼入硬さを増大させ、室温および高温における強度を維持して耐摩耗性を確保するために必須の元素である。従ってCは、0.95%以上含有させる必要があり、好ましくは0.98%以上である。しかしながらC量が多くなり過ぎると、巨大炭化物が生成し易くなり、転動疲労特性に却って悪影響を及ぼすので、C量は1.10%以下とする。好ましくは1.05%以下である。
Siは、マトリックスの固溶強化、焼戻し軟化抵抗性の向上、母相の焼入性向上、および界面域の焼入性の向上(界面Siの確保)に有用な元素である。こうした効果を発揮させるには、Siを0.15%以上含有させる必要がある。Si量は、好ましくは0.17%以上であり、より好ましくは0.20%以上である。しかしながら、Si量が多くなり過ぎると、加工性や被削性が著しく低下するので、Si量は0.35%以下とする。好ましくは0.33%以下であり、より好ましくは0.30%以下である。
Mnは、マトリックスの固溶強化、母相の焼入性向上、および界面域の焼入性向上(界面Mnの確保)に有効な元素である。更に、Sによる熱間脆性の防止に必要な元素でもある。こうした効果を発揮させるには、Mnを0.2%以上含有させる必要がある。Mn量は、好ましくは0.25%以上であり、より好ましくは0.3%以上である。しかしながら、Mn量が多くなり過ぎると、加工性や被削性が著しく低下するので、Mn量は0.50%以下とする。好ましくは0.45%以下であり、より好ましくは0.40%以下である。
Crは、Cと結びついて微細なセメンタイトを形成し、耐摩耗性を確保するのに有用な元素である。また、母相の焼入性向上や、界面域の焼入性向上(界面Crの確保)に有用な元素でもある。これらの効果を発揮させるため、Cr量を1.30%以上とする。好ましくは1.35%以上である。しかし、Crが過剰に含まれると、粗大なセメンタイトが生成し、転動疲労寿命が却って低下する。従ってCr量は、1.60%以下とする。好ましくは1.55%以下であり、より好ましくは1.50%以下である。
Pは、不可避的に不純物として含まれる元素であり、粒界に偏析して脆化させ、加工性、転動疲労特性を低下させるため極力低減することが望ましい。しかし、極端な低減は製鋼コストの増大を招くため、P量は0.025%以下とした。好ましくは0.020%以下(より好ましくは0.015%以下)である。
Sは、不可避的に不純物として含まれる元素であり、MnSとして析出し、転動疲労寿命を低下させるため極力低減することが望ましい。しかし、極端な低減は製鋼コストの増大を招くため、S量は0.025%以下とした。好ましくは0.020%以下(より好ましくは0.015%以下)である。
Niは、平衡分配係数が低く、界面域の焼入性を向上する(界面Niを確保する)元素として作用し、硬さを高めて転動疲労特性の向上に寄与する元素である。また母相の焼入性向上にも寄与する。これらの効果を発揮させるには、Ni量を0.02%以上とする必要がある。好ましくは0.05%以上、より好ましくは0.07%以上である。しかしながらNi量が過剰になると、加工性が劣化する。よって、Ni量は0.25%以下とする。好ましくは0.22%以下、より好ましくは0.20%以下である。
Cuは、平衡分配係数が低く、界面域の焼入性を向上する(界面Cuを確保する)元素として作用し、硬さを高めて転動疲労特性の向上に寄与する元素である。また母相の焼入性向上にも寄与する。これらの効果を発揮させるには、Cu量を0.02%以上とする必要がある。好ましくは0.05%以上、より好ましくは0.07%以上である。しかしながらCu量が過剰になると、加工性が劣化する。よって、Cu量は0.25%以下とする。好ましくは0.22%以下、より好ましくは0.20%以下である。
Moは、平衡分配係数が低く、界面域の焼入性を向上する(界面Moを確保する)元素として作用し、硬さを高めて転動疲労特性の向上に寄与する元素である。Moは、必須添加元素ではなく、含有量の下限は、上記式(1)を満たす限り特に限定されず、球状化処理条件や、界面域のその他の焼入性向上元素(Si、Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu等)の量に応じて、適宜用いることのできる元素である。Moの上記効果を発揮させるには、0.01%以上含有させることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.03%以上である。一方、Mo量が過剰になると、熱間圧延時の割れを助長する。よってMo量は、0.08%未満とする。好ましくは0.07%以下、より好ましくは0.05%以下である。
Alは、脱酸元素であり、鋼中のO量を低減して、軸受の寿命に悪影響を及ぼす酸化物の低減に有用であるため、通常、意図的に添加される。上記脱酸効果を充分に発揮させるには、Al量を、0.001%以上とする必要がある。より好ましくは0.005%超であり、更に好ましくは0.010%以上である。しかし、Al量が過剰になると、アルミナ系の介在物が粗大化して軸受の寿命を低下させる。また前記脱酸効果も飽和する。そこでAl量は、0.050%以下とする。好ましくは0.040%以下、より好ましくは0.030%以下である。
Tiは、鋼中のNと結合して粗大なTiNを生成し易いため、転動疲労寿命への悪影響が大きい有害元素である。よって、極力低減することが望ましいが、極端な低減は製鋼コストの増大を招くため、Ti量の上限を0.0015%とした。好ましくは0.0010%以下である。
Oは、鋼中の不純物の形態に大きな影響を及ぼす元素であり、転動疲労特性に悪影響を及ぼすAl2O3やSiO2等の介在物を形成するため、極力低減することが好ましい。しかし、極端な低減は製鋼コストの増大を招くため、O量の上限を0.001%とした。好ましくは0.0008%以下、より好ましくは0.0006%以下である。
Nは、不可避不純物の1つであり、N量が過剰になると熱間加工性が低下して、鋼材製造上の不具合が生じやすい。またNは、不可避不純物として存在するTiと結合して、転動疲労特性に有害な窒化物を形成し、軸受の疲労特性に悪影響を及ぼし得る。そこでN量は0.020%以下とする。好ましくは0.015%以下、より好ましくは0.010%以下である。
上記規定の界面域を有する軸受用鋼材を得るには、上記成分組成の鋼材を用い、製造工程における球状化焼鈍を、下記の条件で行うことが必要である。
1次均熱処理工程:(Ac1e+30)~(Ac1e+50)℃の温度域で2~9hr保持、2次均熱処理工程:Ac1e~(Ac1e+10)℃の温度域で1.5~6hr保持、
3次均熱処理工程:Ac1b~(Ac1b+10)℃の温度域で1~3hr保持、
および、
3次均熱処理工程後に680℃まで平均冷却速度10~15℃/hrで冷却する工程をこの順に含むように行うことによって、
1~3次均熱処理工程の各温度域で析出する球状化セメンタイト中のCr、Mnを、母相側に十分拡散でき、界面域のCr、Mn(界面Cr、界面Mn)を十分確保することができる。併せて、界面域のSi、Cu、Ni、Mo(界面Si、界面Cu、界面Ni、界面Mo)を母相側に拡散させることなく確保し、その結果、上記式(1)を満たすようにすることができる。
1次均熱処理における均熱温度T1が(Ac1e+30)℃を下回る場合や、1次均熱処理における均熱時間t1が、2hr未満の場合、球状化セメンタイト中のCr、Mnを十分拡散させることができず、界面Crと界面Mnが不足して上記式(1)を満たさない。よってT1は、(Ac1e+30)℃以上とする。好ましくは(Ac1e+35)℃以上である。また、t1は2hr以上とする。好ましくは4hr以上である。
2次均熱処理における均熱温度T2がAc1e未満の場合や、均熱時間t2が1.5hr未満の場合、前記図1に示すようなオーステナイト(γ)+セメンタイト(θ)の2相域で析出した球状化セメンタイト中のCr、Mnを母相側に十分拡散させることができず、界面Crと界面Mnが不足して上記式(1)を満たさない。よってT2は、Ac1e以上とする。好ましくは(Ac1e+2)℃以上である。またt2は、1.5hr以上とする。好ましくは1.7hr以上である。
3次均熱処理における均熱温度T3がAc1b未満の場合や、均熱時間t3が1hr未満の場合、前記図1に示すようなオーステナイト(γ)+フェライト(α)+セメンタイト(θ)の3相域で析出する球状化セメンタイト中のCr、Mnを母相側に十分拡散させることができず、界面Crと界面Mnが不足して上記式(1)を満たさない。よってT3は、Ac1b以上とする。好ましくは(Ac1b+2)℃以上である。またt3は、1hr以上とする。好ましくは1.5hr以上である。
3次均熱処理工程後、上記T3から680℃までの平均冷却速度が10℃/hr未満では、界面域に濃化しているSi、Ni、Cu、Moが母相側に拡散して、界面Si、界面Ni、界面Cu、界面Moが少なくなり、上記式(1)を満たさない。よって、上記平均冷却速度は10℃/hr以上とする。好ましくは12℃/hr以上である。一方、上記平均冷却速度が20℃/hrを超えると、球状化セメンタイト中のCr、Mnを十分拡散させることができず、界面Crと界面Mnが不足して上記式(1)を満足できない。よって上記平均冷却速度は20℃/hr以下とする。好ましくは18℃/hr以下である。
上記球状化焼鈍後の試験片を、D(直径)/4の位置を観察できるように縦断面(圧延方向に並行な断面)で切断し、この断面を研磨した後、薄膜法にて試料を作製し、FE-TEM(電界放出型透過型電子顕微鏡)により球状化セメンタイト観察を実施した。この際、TEMのEDX(エネルギー分散型X線検出器)により球状化セメンタイトのライン分析を、球状化セメンタイトのほぼ円中心を通るように実施し(測定条件は下記の通りである)、Fe、Si、Mn、Cr、Cu、Ni、Moの各元素の濃度を測定した。この分析を、任意に選択した球状化セメンタイト5個について行い、球状化セメンタイト表面から母相側へ20nm位置までの母相領域(界面域)の上記各元素の平均値を求めて、それぞれ界面Fe、界面Si、界面Mn、界面Cr、界面Cu、界面Ni、界面Moの量とした。そしてこれらの測定値を用いて、式(1)の右辺値(界面Di値)を求めた。
倍率:500000倍
測定ステップ:2nm
分析長さ:100nm
上記球状化焼鈍後、φ60mm、厚さ6mmの試験片を切り出し、840℃で30分間加熱後に油焼入れを実施し、160℃で120分間焼戻しを行った。次いで、仕上げ研磨を施して表面粗さ:0.04μmRa以下のスラスト転動疲労試験片を作製した。
Claims (2)
- C:0.95~1.10%(質量%の意味、化学成分について以下同じ)、
Si:0.15~0.35%、
Mn:0.2~0.50%、
Cr:1.30~1.60%、
P:0.025%以下(0%を含まない)、
S:0.025%以下(0%を含まない)、
Ni:0.02~0.25%、
Cu:0.02~0.25%、
Mo:0.08%未満(0%を含む)、
Al:0.001%~0.050%、
Ti:0.0015%以下(0%を含まない)、
O:0.001%以下(0%を含まない)、および
N:0.020%以下(0%を含まない)
を満たし、残部が鉄および不可避不純物からなり、
球状化セメンタイトの表面から20nmまでの母相領域(界面域)に含まれるSi(界面Si)、Mn(界面Mn)、Cr(界面Cr)、Cu(界面Cu)、Ni(界面Ni)、およびMo(界面Mo)が、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材。
9.0 ≦ 1.4×界面Si+1.8×界面Mn+5.5×界面Cu+4.2×界面Ni+4.8×界面Cr+5.5×界面Mo …(1)
(式(1)において、界面Si、界面Mn、界面Cu、界面Ni、界面Cr、界面Moは、それぞれ、球状化セメンタイトの表面から20nmまでの母相領域(界面域)に含まれるSi、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Moの含有量(質量%)を示す) - 請求項1に記載の軸受用鋼材を製造する方法であって、
請求項1に記載の成分組成の鋼材を用い、球状化焼鈍を、
(Ac1e+30)~(Ac1e+50)℃の温度域(T1)で2~9hr(t1)保持する1次均熱処理工程、
Ac1e~(Ac1e+10)℃の温度域(T2)で1.5~6hr(t2)保持する2次均熱処理工程、
Ac1b~(Ac1b+10)℃の温度域(T3)で1~3hr(t3)保持する3次均熱処理工程、および、
上記T3から680℃までを平均冷却速度10~15℃/hrで冷却する工程をこの順に含むように行うことを特徴とする転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材の製造方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020147027338A KR101527336B1 (ko) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-05 | 전동 피로 특성이 우수한 베어링용 강재 및 그의 제조 방법 |
ES13768602.8T ES2628637T3 (es) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-05 | Material de acero de rodamiento que tiene características superiores de fatiga a la rodadura y un método para producir el mismo |
CN201380017474.0A CN104220625B (zh) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-05 | 滚动疲劳特性优异的轴承用钢材及其制造方法 |
US14/384,065 US9624559B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-05 | Bearing steel excellent in rolling-contact fatigue properties and method for producing same |
EP13768602.8A EP2832893B1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-05 | Bearing steel material having superior rolling fatigue characteristics and a method for producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012-083067 | 2012-03-30 | ||
JP2012083067A JP5820326B2 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | 転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材およびその製造方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013146124A1 true WO2013146124A1 (ja) | 2013-10-03 |
Family
ID=49259396
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2013/056009 WO2013146124A1 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-05 | 転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9624559B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2832893B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5820326B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101527336B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104220625B (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2628637T3 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI485267B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013146124A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105624560A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-01 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 一种具有改进的耐疲劳性的轴承钢及其制造方法 |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101492800B1 (ko) | 2014-10-13 | 2015-02-12 | 장인금속(주) | 탄소강의 구상화소둔 열처리 방법 및 블레이드 탄소강제품 |
US20160281647A1 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-29 | Caterpillar Inc. | Turbocharger and Method |
US9739238B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2017-08-22 | Caterpillar Inc. | Turbocharger and method |
US9752536B2 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-09-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Turbocharger and method |
US9683520B2 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-06-20 | Caterpillar Inc. | Turbocharger and method |
CN111621703A (zh) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-04 | 钢铁研究总院 | 一种窄成分高碳轴承钢及其制备方法 |
CN114134397B (zh) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-07-29 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | 一种适用于冷挤压滚珠丝母用钢及其生产方法 |
CN115976422A (zh) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-04-18 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | 一种适用于轴承钢的柔性第二相生产控制方法及其应用 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09165643A (ja) | 1995-12-12 | 1997-06-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 転動疲労特性に優れた軸受鋼 |
JP2006063402A (ja) | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 転がり疲労寿命に優れた機械用部品に使用される鋼 |
JP3889931B2 (ja) | 2001-01-26 | 2007-03-07 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 軸受材料 |
JP2007224410A (ja) | 2006-01-24 | 2007-09-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 伸線性に優れた軸受鋼線材およびその製造方法 |
JP2007231345A (ja) | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Jfe Steel Kk | 軸受用鋼部品およびその製造方法 |
JP2009084647A (ja) | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 転動疲労寿命の安定性に優れた軸受用鋼材 |
JP2011111668A (ja) | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 転動疲労寿命の安定性に優れた鋼材 |
JP2012062515A (ja) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-29 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 冷間加工性、耐摩耗性、及び転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3556968B2 (ja) | 1994-06-16 | 2004-08-25 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 高炭素系高寿命軸受鋼 |
FR2761699B1 (fr) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-05-14 | Ascometal Sa | Acier et procede pour la fabrication d'une piece pour roulement |
JP3405277B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-03 | 2003-05-12 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 被削性に優れた軸受要素部品用の鋼線材、棒鋼及び鋼管 |
JP2003328081A (ja) | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-19 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 高面圧疲労強度部材および高面圧疲労強度部材の製造方法 |
CN100344784C (zh) * | 2003-01-30 | 2007-10-24 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | 轴承零件用钢管、其制造方法及切削方法 |
JP4252837B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-16 | 2009-04-08 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 転動疲労寿命の優れた鋼材及びその製造方法 |
CN101397628B (zh) * | 2007-09-25 | 2011-04-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 连铸轴承钢圆钢及其制造方法 |
JP5380001B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-15 | 2014-01-08 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 軸受鋼鋼材の製造方法 |
JP4958966B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-03 | 2012-06-20 | 株式会社鷺宮製作所 | 切換弁 |
JP5582855B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-14 | 2014-09-03 | 高周波熱錬株式会社 | 機械構造部品の製造方法 |
CN102337462B (zh) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-02-13 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 一种GCr15轴承钢管的生产方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-03-30 JP JP2012083067A patent/JP5820326B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-03-05 CN CN201380017474.0A patent/CN104220625B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-03-05 US US14/384,065 patent/US9624559B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-03-05 WO PCT/JP2013/056009 patent/WO2013146124A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-03-05 EP EP13768602.8A patent/EP2832893B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-03-05 ES ES13768602.8T patent/ES2628637T3/es active Active
- 2013-03-05 KR KR1020147027338A patent/KR101527336B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-03-22 TW TW102110270A patent/TWI485267B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09165643A (ja) | 1995-12-12 | 1997-06-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 転動疲労特性に優れた軸受鋼 |
JP3889931B2 (ja) | 2001-01-26 | 2007-03-07 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 軸受材料 |
JP2006063402A (ja) | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 転がり疲労寿命に優れた機械用部品に使用される鋼 |
JP2007224410A (ja) | 2006-01-24 | 2007-09-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 伸線性に優れた軸受鋼線材およびその製造方法 |
JP2007231345A (ja) | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Jfe Steel Kk | 軸受用鋼部品およびその製造方法 |
JP2009084647A (ja) | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 転動疲労寿命の安定性に優れた軸受用鋼材 |
JP2011111668A (ja) | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 転動疲労寿命の安定性に優れた鋼材 |
JP2012062515A (ja) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-29 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 冷間加工性、耐摩耗性、及び転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2832893A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105624560A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-01 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 一种具有改进的耐疲劳性的轴承钢及其制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104220625A (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
KR101527336B1 (ko) | 2015-06-09 |
CN104220625B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
EP2832893A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
KR20140123115A (ko) | 2014-10-21 |
JP2013213241A (ja) | 2013-10-17 |
US20150047750A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
EP2832893B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
US9624559B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 |
ES2628637T3 (es) | 2017-08-03 |
JP5820326B2 (ja) | 2015-11-24 |
TWI485267B (zh) | 2015-05-21 |
EP2832893A4 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
TW201404896A (zh) | 2014-02-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5820326B2 (ja) | 転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材およびその製造方法 | |
KR101413902B1 (ko) | 기소강 및 그의 제조 방법 | |
JP5742801B2 (ja) | 熱間圧延棒鋼または線材 | |
JP5556151B2 (ja) | 異物環境下での転動疲労特性に優れた軸受部品の製造方法 | |
JP5385656B2 (ja) | 最大結晶粒の縮小化特性に優れた肌焼鋼 | |
WO2012029212A1 (ja) | 転動疲労寿命特性に優れた軸受鋼、軸受用造塊材並びにそれらの製造方法 | |
JP2009215597A (ja) | 転動部品及びその製造方法 | |
JPWO2015098528A1 (ja) | 熱間鍛造用鋼材およびその製造方法ならびにその鋼材を用いた熱間鍛造素形材の製造方法 | |
JP5503170B2 (ja) | 最大結晶粒の縮小化特性に優れた肌焼鋼 | |
JP4569961B2 (ja) | ボールネジまたはワンウェイクラッチ用部品の製造方法 | |
JP2010236049A (ja) | 異物環境下での転動疲労特性に優れた軸受部品の製造方法 | |
JP5739689B2 (ja) | 機械構造部材 | |
WO2018212196A1 (ja) | 鋼及び部品 | |
JP5601861B2 (ja) | ボロン鋼圧延焼鈍鋼板の製造法 | |
JP2022170056A (ja) | 鋼材 | |
JP5976581B2 (ja) | 転動疲労特性に優れた軸受用鋼材、および軸受部品 | |
JP2013185204A (ja) | 冷間加工性に優れた肌焼用条鋼 | |
WO2017146057A1 (ja) | 転動疲労寿命の安定性に優れた鋼材および浸炭鋼部品、並びにそれらの製造方法 | |
TWI480387B (zh) | 冷加工性優異之軸承用鋼材及其製造方法 | |
TW201843317A (zh) | 滾動疲勞壽命的穩定性優異的鋼材、及滲碳鋼零件以及這些的製造方法 | |
JP2024114621A (ja) | 切削浸炭用鋼材及び切削浸炭用鋼材の製造方法 | |
JP2014189895A (ja) | 転動疲労特性に優れた肌焼鋼 | |
JP2020105603A (ja) | 浸炭鋼部品用鋼材 | |
JP2014015632A (ja) | 軸受鋼 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13768602 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14384065 Country of ref document: US |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2013768602 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2013768602 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20147027338 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112014023955 Country of ref document: BR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112014023955 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20140926 |