WO2013137160A1 - 潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013137160A1 WO2013137160A1 PCT/JP2013/056556 JP2013056556W WO2013137160A1 WO 2013137160 A1 WO2013137160 A1 WO 2013137160A1 JP 2013056556 W JP2013056556 W JP 2013056556W WO 2013137160 A1 WO2013137160 A1 WO 2013137160A1
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- lubricating oil
- oil composition
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- sulfur
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
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- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/083—Dibenzyl sulfide
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- C10M2219/085—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
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- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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- C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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- C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/26—Waterproofing or water resistance
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/36—Seal compatibility, e.g. with rubber
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, and more particularly to a lubricating oil composition for hydraulic equipment used in industrial machines, that is, construction machines, machine tools, plastic processing machines, mining machines, wind-hydraulic power generation machines and the like.
- the pressure of the hydraulic device is increasing year by year, and troubles such as galling of the hydraulic pump are increasing. For this reason, the FZG scoring test has been adopted in the ISO standard.
- an acidic phosphate ester or an amine salt thereof or an active sulfur compound for example, see Patent Document 1.
- the base oil contains (a) 0.01 to 5% by mass of a phosphate ester, (b) 0.005 to 1% by mass of an amine salt of an acidic phosphate ester, and (c) a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent 0.
- a lubricating oil composition containing 0.01 to 1% by mass is proposed.
- Examples of not using an amine salt or an alkenyl succinic acid ester of an acidic phosphate ester include: (A) a phosphate ester or thiophosphate ester in the base oil in a phosphorus amount of 150 to 3000 mass ppm, and (B) a dithiol in the molecule. 0.02 to 0.5 mass% of a sulfur compound having a bond as a sulfur amount, (C) 0.05 to 0.5 mass% of a metal sulfonate, and (D) an overbased metal salicylate or an overbased metal finate.
- a hydraulic fluid composition containing 0.01 to 0.5% by mass has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition that is excellent in wear resistance such as scoring resistance, suppresses the generation of sludge, prevents deterioration of a rubber seal material, and is also excellent in rust prevention.
- the present invention provides the following lubricating oil composition.
- a base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 10 mm 2 / s to 1000 mm 2 / s (A) at least one of phosphorus compounds represented by the following formula (1) is 0.001 in phosphorus % By mass to 0.3% by mass,
- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms
- X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- R 3 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are each independently A divalent oxygen atom or a sulfur atom
- X 1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom
- at least one sulfur atom is contained in the above formula.
- D A lubricating oil composition comprising 0.01% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less of a succinimide derivative.
- the above lubricating oil composition further comprising (C) 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass of a carboxylic acid amide having an acid value of 10 mg KOH / g or less.
- Oil composition [3] A lubricating oil composition comprising the above lubricating oil composition, further comprising (C ′) carboxylic acid amide in such an amount that the pH of the extracted water according to JIS Z 8802 is from 6 to 8. object.
- the content of the sulfur compound having a polythio bond equal to or higher than the trithio (—SS—S—) bond in the component (B-2) is the component (B-2).
- a lubricating oil composition characterized by being 1% by mass or less based on the total amount.
- the component (D) has an alkyl group or an alkenyl group in the side chain, and the number average molecular weight of the side chain is 500 or more and 3000 or less.
- Oil composition [6] The lubricating oil composition described above, wherein the base oil is a base oil belonging to Group II or Group III of the base oil category defined by API.
- the base oil is poly ⁇ -olefin (PAO).
- a lubricating oil composition described above, wherein the acid value of the composition is 0.01 mgKOH / g or more and 0.05 mgKOH / g or less.
- a lubricating oil composition, wherein the lubricating oil composition is a hydraulic fluid.
- a lubricating oil composition, wherein the lubricating oil composition is a hydraulic fluid for a hydraulic drive train of a wind power generator.
- the present invention it is excellent in wear resistance such as scoring resistance, heat resistance is good and the generation of sludge is suppressed, the deterioration of the rubber seal material (packing) is prevented, and the antirust property is achieved.
- an excellent lubricating oil composition can be provided.
- the present invention is a lubricating oil composition
- a lubricating oil composition comprising (A) a specific phosphorus compound, (B) a specific sulfur compound, and (D) a succinimide derivative in a base oil. It is preferable to blend the component (C ′). Details will be described below.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as "the present composition”.)
- the base oil used in is not particularly limited, kinematic viscosity at 40 °C is 10 mm 2 / s or more 1000 mm 2 / s or less in Those are preferred.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 10 mm 2 / s or more, the evaporation loss is small, and when it is 1000 mm 2 / s or less, the power loss due to viscous resistance does not become too large. More preferably, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is in the range of 10 mm 2 / s to 460 mm 2 / s.
- the base oil preferably has a viscosity index of 80 or more. When the viscosity index is 80 or more, a change in viscosity due to a change in temperature is small, and a necessary viscosity at a high temperature is maintained.
- the viscosity index is more preferably 100 or more, and further preferably 120 or more.
- the saturated content of the base oil is preferably 90% by mass or more. When the saturated content is 90% by mass or more, the oxidation stability of the composition is improved.
- the saturated content is more preferably 95% by mass or more, and still more preferably 97% by mass or more.
- the sulfur content of the base oil is preferably 0.03% by mass or less.
- the oxidation stability of this composition improves more that the sulfur content of a base oil is 0.03 mass% or less.
- the sulfur content is a value measured according to JIS K2541, and the saturated content is a value measured according to ASTM D 2007.
- the pour point of the base oil is preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower. When the pour point is ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower, the composition has sufficient fluidity even at a low temperature.
- the pour point is more preferably ⁇ 15 ° C. or less, further preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or less, and particularly preferably ⁇ 25 ° C. or less.
- the base oil used in the composition is preferably a base oil belonging to groups II, III, and IV of the base oil category defined by the American Petroleum Institute (API) or a base oil mixed with two or more of them. is there.
- Group II is a base oil having a viscosity index of 80 or more and 120 or less, a sulfur content of 0.03 mass% or less, and a saturation content of 90 mass% or more
- Group III is a viscosity index of 120 or more and sulfur content of 0.03 mass% or less.
- the base oil has a saturated content of 90% by mass or more
- Group IV is a polyalphaolefin (PAO).
- any of mineral oil and synthetic oil can be used as long as it has the above-mentioned preferred properties.
- mineral oil include paraffin-based mineral oil, intermediate-based mineral oil obtained by purification methods such as solvent refining, hydrogenation refining, hydrocracking, or the like.
- a naphthenic base mineral oil is mentioned.
- Synthetic oils include, for example, poly ⁇ -olefin (PAO), ⁇ -olefin copolymer, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyol ester, dibasic acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene glycol ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol ether.
- slack wax, isomerized products of GTL WAX, and the like can be mentioned.
- hydrorefined mineral oil, hydrocracked mineral oil, slack wax, isomerized GTL WAX (wax isomerized mineral oil), and poly ⁇ -olefin are preferable.
- a base oil belonging to Group II of the base oil category defined by the API or a poly ⁇ -olefin (PAO) as the base oil.
- the base oil one kind of the above mineral oil may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the said synthetic oil may be used 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- one or more mineral oils and one or more synthetic oils may be used in combination.
- Component (A) The phosphorus compound used as the component (A) in the present composition is a triaryl phosphate represented by the following formula (1) or a triaryl thiophosphate.
- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms
- X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- Three Rs in the formula (1) may be the same or different.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and an isopropyl group.
- the phosphorus compound represented by the formula (1) preferably has an acid value of 10 mgKOH / g or less. When the acid value is 10 mgKOH / g or less, when the lubricating oil composition is obtained, the heat resistance is more excellent and the generation of sludge can be suppressed.
- the acid value is more preferably 5 mgKOH / g or less, and still more preferably 1 mgKOH / g or less.
- the acid value is a value measured according to JIS K 2501.
- Examples of the phosphorus compound represented by the formula (1) include triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl thiophosphate, tricresyl thiophosphate, and the like. In particular, tricresyl phosphate and triphenyl phosphorothioate are preferable.
- the phosphorus compound described above as the component (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compounding quantity is 0.001 mass% or more and 0.3 mass% or less as phosphorus content on the basis of the composition whole quantity. If the phosphorus content is less than 0.001% by mass, the wear resistance is insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.3% by mass, an improvement in the effect commensurate with the content cannot be obtained, which is economically disadvantageous. is there. Moreover, it becomes easy to precipitate at low temperature. More preferable phosphorus content is 0.01 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less.
- the sulfur compound used as the component (B) in this composition has a thiophosphate compound (B-1) represented by the following formula (2) or a dithio (—S—S—) bond in the molecule.
- a thiophosphate compound (B-1) represented by the following formula (2) or a dithio (—S—S—) bond in the molecule.
- JIS K 2513, measurement condition: 3 hours at 100 ° C. when 1% by mass is added to the above base oil, it is 2 or less sulfur compound (B-2).
- R 1 , R 2 and R 4 are each independently a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having a straight chain or branched chain having 1 to 18 carbon atoms. Or a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a branch.
- R 3 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are each independently an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- X 1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. In the above formula, at least one sulfur atom is contained.
- Such a sulfur compound has a sulfur atom and a phosphorus atom in the molecule, it can enhance wear resistance such as scoring resistance.
- Specific examples include thiophosphate compounds and dithiophosphate compounds.
- the thiophosphate compound include tributyl phosphorothioate, tripentyl phosphorothionate, trihexyl phosphorothionate, triheptyl phosphorothionate, trioctyl phosphorothionate, trinonyl phosphorothionate, Tridecyl phosphorothioate, triundecyl phosphorothionate, tridodecyl phosphorothionate, tritridecyl phosphorothionate, tritetradecyl phosphorothionate, tripentadecyl phosphorothionate, trihexadecyl phosphorothioate Thionate, triheptadecyl phosphorothionate, triocta
- dithiophosphate compound examples include dihexyl dithiophosphate, dioctyl dithiophosphate, di (2-ethylhexyl) dithiophosphate, didodecyl dithiophosphate, dihexadecyl dithiophosphate, di (hexylthioethyl) dithiophosphate, di (octyl dithiophosphate).
- the sulfur compound of the component (B-2) a sulfur compound having a dithio (—S—S—) bond in the molecule is used. Such a sulfur compound having a dithio (—S—S—) bond can also improve wear resistance such as scoring resistance as the composition.
- the sulfur compound of component (B-2) has a dithio (—S—S—) bond in the molecule and a polythio bond equal to or greater than trithio (—S—S—S—) in the sulfur compound.
- the content of the sulfur compound is preferably 1% by mass or less based on the total amount with the compound having a dithio (—S—S—) bond. If the content of the sulfur compound having a polythio bond equal to or higher than trithio (—SS—S—) of the sulfur compound is 1% by mass or less, the composition has the effect of increasing the heat resistance and suppressing the generation of sludge.
- the sulfur compound as the component (B-2) is preferably 2 or less in the copper plate corrosion test (measurement conditions: 100 ° C., 3 hours) specified in JIS K2513. If the copper plate corrosion test is a sulfur compound of 2 or less, the hydraulic fluid composition has good heat resistance and has an effect of suppressing the generation of sludge. If the copper plate corrosion test is 1, it is more preferable.
- Suitable sulfur compounds having a dithio (—S—S—) bond used as the component (B-2) in the present composition include, for example, (b-1) bis (alkyldithio) -thiadiazole, (b-2) ) Dialkyldithioglycolate, (b-3) dihydrocarbyl disulfide, and (b-4) tetraalkylthiuram disulfide.
- Specific examples of the thiadiazole of (b-1) include 2,5-bis (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanedithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (t-octyl).
- dialkyldithioglycolate of (b-2) examples include diethyl dithioglycolate, di-n-butyldithioglycolate, di-iso-butyldithioglycolate, di-n-octyldithioglycolate, di-iso- Examples include octyl dithioglycolate, di (2-ethylhexyl) dithioglycolate, didecyl dithioglycolate, diundecyl dithioglycolate, ditetradecyl dithioglycolate, and dioctadecyl dithioglycolate.
- the dihydrocarbyl disulfide of (b-3) includes di-tert-butyl disulfide, dioctyl disulfide, di-tert-nonyl disulfide, didodecyl disulfide, dibenzyl disulfide, diphenyl disulfide, and dicyclohexyl disulfide. Sulfide etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the tetraalkylthiuram disulfide of (b-4) include tetramethylthiuram disulfide and tetraethylthiuram disulfide.
- dialkyldithioglycolate (b-2) and the dihydrocarbyl disulfide (b-3) are preferable from the viewpoint of effects.
- di-n-butyl dithioglycolate, di-iso-butyl dithioglycolate, and dibenzyl disulfide are preferable.
- the above-described sulfur compound may be used alone as the component (B), or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the blending amount of the component (B) is preferably in the range of 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass as the sulfur content on the basis of the total amount of the composition. If the blending amount is less than 0.01% by mass, the anti-wearing effect (extreme pressure property) may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, even if it exceeds 0.5% by mass, the effect commensurate with the blending may not be obtained. .
- a more preferable blending amount is 0.02% by mass or more and 0.2% by mass or less.
- Component (C) In this composition, it is preferable to use a carboxylic acid amide having an acid value of 10 mgKOH / g or less as the component (C).
- the acid value exceeds 10 mgKOH / g, the rust prevention property is improved, but the heat resistance is poor and sludge is liable to be generated, and the pH of the extraction water is lowered. Therefore, when water is present, the urethane rubber is easily deteriorated.
- Such carboxylic acid amides include, for example, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, zomarinic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid It can be obtained by reacting a carboxylic acid such as acid, gadrenic acid, erucic acid, ceracolonic acid, ricinoleic acid and hydroxystearic acid with an amine (ammonia).
- a carboxylic acid alkanolamide is also suitable.
- Examples include lauric acid diethanolamide, oleic acid diethanolamide, stearic acid diethanolamide, oleic acid monoethanolamide, oleic acid monopropanolamide, and oleic acid dipropanolamide.
- carboxylic acid amide in the present composition oleic acid diethanolamide is particularly suitable in terms of rust prevention and solubility.
- the above-described carboxylic acid amide may be used alone as the component (C), or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the compounding quantity of a component is 0.01 mass% or more and 0.5 mass% or less. If the blending amount is less than 0.01% by mass, there is a possibility that the antirust property cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, if the blending amount exceeds 0.5% by mass, heat resistance is poor and sludge may be easily generated.
- [(C ′) component] it is preferable to blend the carboxylic acid amide as the component (C ′) in such an amount that the pH of the extracted water according to JIS Z 8802 is from 6 to 8.
- the extraction water pH of the composition is 6 or more and 8 or less, deterioration of urethane rubber or the like used in a hydraulic device or the like as a material for packing seals or paints can be suppressed, and good sealing performance can be maintained.
- a succinimide derivative is used as the component (D).
- This component has both a rust prevention effect and a sludge dispersion effect.
- a succinimide derivative a succinimide having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, which is known as an ashless dispersant, in the side chain can be suitably used.
- a succinimide having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to 3000 in the side chain is preferred. When the number average molecular weight of the side chain is less than 500, the dispersibility in the base oil may be deteriorated.
- succinimides such as succinimide having a polybutenyl group or a polyisobutenyl group.
- the polybutenyl group mentioned here is obtained as a mixture of 1-butene and isobutene, a polymer obtained by polymerizing high-purity isobutene, or a product obtained by hydrogenating a polyisobutenyl group.
- the succinimide may be a so-called monotype alkenyl or alkyl succinimide, or a so-called bis type alkenyl or alkyl succinimide. Among these, polybutenyl succinimide is preferable.
- boron polyborenyl succinic acid can be obtained by adding the above-mentioned polyamine, polybutenyl succinic acid (anhydride) and boron compound such as boric acid to an organic solvent such as alcohols, hexane, xylene and heating under appropriate conditions.
- An imide can be obtained.
- examples of the boron compound include boric anhydride, boron halide, boric acid ester, boric acid amide, and boron oxide. Of these, boric acid is particularly preferable.
- the boron content is preferably 50 ppm to 3000 ppm, more preferably 50 ppm to 2500 ppm, based on the total amount of the composition.
- the heat resistance when it is set as a lubricating oil composition as boron is 50 mass ppm or more improves.
- limiting in particular in the boron content in the boron derivative mentioned above Usually, 0.05 mass% or more and 5 mass% or less, Preferably it is 0.1 mass% or more and 3 mass% or less.
- the blending amount of the component (D) is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the composition. If the blending amount is less than 0.01% by mass, the effect is hardly exhibited, and even if it exceeds 1% by mass, an effect commensurate with the blending amount cannot be obtained. Moreover, when too large, there exists a possibility that water-separability may fall.
- (D) component may be used individually or in combination of 2 or more type, as long as said amount is mix
- this composition is obtained by mix
- known additives such as metal detergents, antioxidants, metal deactivators, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants and antifoaming agents are added to the present invention. It can mix
- Preferred combinations of these (A) component, (B) component, (C) component, and (D) component include (I) tricresyl phosphate ((A) component), dithiophosphate compound ((B) Component), oleic acid diethanolamide (component (C)), polybutenyl succinimide (component (D)), (II) triphenyl phosphorothioate (component (A)), dithiophosphoric acid compound ((B) Component), oleic acid diethanolamide (component (C)), polybutenyl succinimide (component (D)), (III) triphenyl phosphorothioate (component (A)), dibutyl dithioglycolate ((B ) Component), oleic acid diethanolamide (component (C)), polybutenyl succinimide (component (D)), and (IV) triphenyl phosphorothio (B) component, oleic acid diethanolamide (
- metal detergent metal sulfonate, metal salicylate, and metal finate are preferable. These have the effect of suppressing deterioration of the packing seal material such as urethane rubber by enhancing the rust prevention performance of the lubricating oil composition and suppressing the decrease in pH of water present or mixed in the lubricating oil.
- Metal sulfonates can be used regardless of neutrality, basicity or overbasing. Among these, neutral alkaline earth metal sulfonates are preferable, and neutral Ca sulfonate is particularly preferable.
- metal salicylates and metal finates are preferably used as overbased metal salicylates and overbased metal finates. Moreover, it is preferable to mix
- a phenol-based antioxidant and an amine-based antioxidant can be used as the antioxidant. These antioxidants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- phenolic antioxidants include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, octadecyl 3- (3.5-di- monophenolic compounds such as tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 4,4′-methylenebis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-tert- And diphenolic compounds such as butylphenol).
- amine antioxidants include monoalkyl diphenylamine compounds such as monooctyl diphenylamine and monononyl diphenylamine, 4,4′-dibutyldiphenylamine, 4,4′-dipentyldiphenylamine, 4,4′-dihexyldiphenylamine, 4 , 4'-diheptyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine, dialkyldiphenylamine compounds such as 4,4'-dinonyldiphenylamine, polyalkyl such as tetrabutyldiphenylamine, tetrahexyldiphenylamine, tetraoctyldiphenylamine, tetranonyldiphenylamine Diphenylamine compounds, ⁇ -naphthylamine, phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, butylphenyl- ⁇ -naph
- one type of the phenolic antioxidant may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the said amine antioxidant may be used 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the preferable compounding quantity of this antioxidant is 0.05 mass% or more and 2 mass% or less based on the composition whole quantity basis, More preferably, it is 0.1 mass% or more and 1 mass% or less.
- Examples of the metal deactivator include benzotriazole and thiadiazole.
- the preferred compounding amount of these metal deactivators is about 0.005% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.007% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition.
- Examples of the viscosity index improver include polymethacrylate, dispersed polymethacrylate, olefin copolymer (for example, ethylene-propylene copolymer), dispersed olefin copolymer, styrene copolymer (for example, Styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymer, etc.).
- the compounding quantity of a viscosity index improver is not specifically limited, 0.5 mass% or more and 15 mass% or less are preferable on the basis of the composition whole quantity, and 1 mass% or more and 10 mass% or less are more preferable.
- the pour point depressant polymethacrylate having a mass average molecular weight of about 50,000 to 150,000 can be used.
- a preferred blending amount of the pour point depressant is 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the composition.
- the antifoaming agent a high molecular silicone antifoaming agent or a polyacrylate antifoaming agent can be used.
- a preferable blending amount of the antifoaming agent is 0.0001% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.0005% by mass or more and 0.3% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition.
- the composition has the composition described above, but the extraction water pH of the composition is preferably 6 or more and 8 or less.
- the extraction water pH of the composition is 6 or more and 8 or less, deterioration of urethane rubber or the like used in a hydraulic device or the like as a material for packing seals or paints can be suppressed, and good sealing performance can be maintained.
- the acid value (mgKOH / g) as a composition is a value measured by a potentiometric method in accordance with the “lubricating oil neutralization test method” defined in JIS K2501 from the viewpoint of rust prevention and heat resistance. It is preferably 0.01 mgKOH / g or more and 0.05 mgKOH / g or less, more preferably 0.02 mgKOH / g or more and 0.04 mgKOH / g or less.
- This composition is excellent in wear resistance such as scoring resistance, has good heat resistance, suppresses sludge generation, prevents deterioration of sealing materials (packing) such as urethane rubber, and has anti-rust properties. Also excellent. Therefore, this composition is suitably used for various lubricating oil applications. In particular, it is suitably used as a hydraulic fluid for construction machinery, injection molding machines, machine tools, steelmaking facilities, etc., and as a hydraulic fluid for other hydraulic equipment, such as industrial robots, hydraulic equipment such as hydraulic elevators, etc. Also shows good performance.
- the present composition is suitable for a hydraulic fluid for a wind power generator of a wind power generator that requires a longer life and a hydraulic fluid for a wind power generator that includes the hydraulic drive train. It is suitable as.
- Rust prevention It measured based on JISK2510 (B method, artificial seawater method).
- (3) Extracted water pH The test oil and ion-exchanged water were mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 1, and after standing, the pH of the water was measured (JIS Z 8802).
- Heat resistance sludge amount after oxidation test
- the amount of sludge generated was collected by a Millipore filter and measured in mg / 100 mL by an oxidation stability test (ISOT) for lubricating oil for internal combustion engines according to JIS K 2514-1996.
- the test temperature is 150 ° C. and the test time is 168 hours.
- Rubber deterioration prevention (urethane rubber immersion test) 90 mL of test oil and 10 mL of ion-exchanged water were collected in a glass beaker, a JIS No. 3 dumbbell of urethane rubber (described in JCMAS P041) was immersed, and an immersion test was performed at 93 ° C. for 120 hours while stirring. The tensile strength of the urethane rubber dumbbell after immersion was measured, and the change rate (%) of the tensile strength from the urethane rubber before the immersion test was determined.
- Base oil hydrorefined mineral oil corresponding to API classification group II, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 46 mm 2 / s 2) Phosphorus compound 1 (component (A)): tricresyl phosphate 3) Phosphorus compound 2 (component (A)): triphenyl phosphorothioate 4) Phosphorus compound 3: amine salt of acidic phosphate ester (VANLUBE672 manufactured by Vanderbilt) ) 5) Sulfur compound 1 (component (B-1)): dithiophosphate compound (IRGALUBE63 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 6) Sulfur compound 2 (component (B-2)): dibenzyl disulfide (copper plate corrosion test 1 (1b)) 7) Sulfur compound 3 (component (B-2)): dibutyldithioglycolate (copper plate corrosion test 2 (2C)) 8) Sulfur compound 4 (component (B-2))
- Acid value Measured by potentiometric method in accordance with “Lubricating oil neutralization test method” defined in JIS K2501. 20) P min: Measured according to JPI-5S-38-92. 21) S min: measured in accordance with JIS K2541.
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Abstract
Description
酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩やアルケニルコハク酸エステルを使用しない例としては、基油に、(A)リン酸エステルまたはチオリン酸エステルをリン量で150~3000質量ppm、(B)分子中にジチオ結合を有する硫黄化合物を硫黄量として0.02~0.5質量%、(C)金属スルフォネートを0.05~0.5質量%、(D)過塩基性金属サリシレートまたは過塩基性金属フィネートを0.01~0.5質量%含む油圧作動油組成物が提案されている(特許文献2参照)。
(2)
(R1、R2、R4は各々独立に、炭素数1から18までの直鎖若しくは分岐を有する飽和若しくは不飽和の脂肪族炭化水素基、あるいは、分岐を有していてもよい炭素数5から18までの飽和若しくは不飽和の環状炭化水素基である。R3は炭素数1から6までの直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のアルキレン基である。X2、X3、X4は各々独立に2価の酸素原子または硫黄原子である。X1は酸素原子または硫黄原子である。上記式中に硫黄原子は少なくとも一つ含まれる。)
(D)コハク酸イミド誘導体を0.01質量%以上1質量%以下配合してなることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔3〕上述の潤滑油組成物において、さらに(C’)カルボン酸アミドを、JIS Z 8802による抽出水のpHが6から8までとなる量を配合してなることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔4〕上述の潤滑油組成物において、前記(B-2)成分におけるトリチオ(-S-S-S-)結合以上のポリチオ結合を有する硫黄化合物の含有量が、前記(B-2)成分全量基準で1質量%以下であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔5〕上述の潤滑油組成物において、前記(D)成分は、アルキル基またはアルケニル基を側鎖に有し、前記側鎖の数平均分子量が500以上3000以下であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔6〕上述の潤滑油組成物において、前記基油が、APIによって定義されたベースオイルカテゴリーのグループIIまたはグループIIIに属する基油であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔7〕上述の潤滑油組成物において、前記基油が、ポリα-オレフィン(PAO)であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔8〕上述の潤滑油組成物において、該組成物の酸価が、0.01mgKOH/g以上0.05mgKOH/g以下であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔9〕上述の潤滑油組成物が油圧作動油であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
〔10〕上述の潤滑油組成物が風力発電機の油圧ドライブトレイン用油圧作動油であることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
本発明の潤滑油組成物(以下、「本組成物」ともいう。)に用いられる基油としては、特に制限はないが、40℃における動粘度が10mm2/s以上1000mm2/s以下のものが好適である。40℃における動粘度が10mm2/s以上であると蒸発損失が少なく、1000mm2/s以下であると粘性抵抗による動力損失が大きくなりすぎることもない。より好ましくは40℃における動粘度は、10mm2/s以上460mm2/s以下の範囲のものである。
さらに、当該基油の流動点は、-10℃以下が好ましい。流動点が-10℃以下であると、本組成物は低温においても十分な流動性を有する。流動点は、より好ましくは-15℃以下、さらに好ましく-20℃以下、特に好ましくは-25℃以下である。
また、合成油としては、例えば、ポリα-オレフィン(PAO),α-オレフィンコポリマー,ポリブテン,アルキルベンゼン,ポリオールエステル,二塩基酸エステル,ポリオキシアルキレングリコール,ポリオキシアルキレングリコールエステル,ポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル,ヒンダードエステル,シリコーンオイルなどが挙げられる。さらには、スラックワックスやGTL WAXの異性化物などが挙げられる。
中でも、水素化精製鉱油、水素化分解鉱油、スラックワックスやGTL WAXの異性化物(ワックス異性化鉱油)、およびポリα-オレフィンが好適である。特に入手容易性の観点からは、前記APIによって定義されたベースオイルカテゴリーのグループIIに属する基油、あるいはポリα-オレフィン(PAO)を基油として用いることが好ましい。
本発明においては、基油として、上記鉱油を1種用いてもよく、2種以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、上記合成油を1種用いてもよく、2種以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。さらには、鉱油1種以上と合成油1種以上とを組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本組成物において(A)成分として用いられるリン化合物は、下記式(1)で示されるトリアリールフォスフェート、あるいはトリアリールチオフォスフェートである。
前記式(1)で示されるリン化合物は、酸価が10mgKOH/g以下のものが好ましい。酸価が10mgKOH/g以下であると、潤滑油組成物としたときに耐熱性がより優れ、スラッジの発生を抑制することができる。酸価は、より好ましくは5mgKOH/g以下、さらに好ましくは1mgKOH/g以下である。なお、酸価は、JIS K 2501によって測定した値である。
前記式(1)で示されるリン化合物としては、トリフェニルフォスフェート、トリクレジルフォスフェート、トリフェニルチオフォスフェート、およびトリクレジルチオフォスフェート等が挙げられる。特に、トリクレジルフォスフェートおよびトリフェニルホスホロチオエートが好ましい。
本組成物において(B)成分として用いられる硫黄化合物は、下記式(2)で示されるチオリン酸エステル化合物(B-1)、または、分子中にジチオ(-S-S-)結合を有し、上記の基油に1質量%添加した場合の銅板腐食試験(JIS K 2513、測定条件:100℃で3時間)で2以下の硫黄化合物(B-2)である。
このような硫黄化合物は、分子中に硫黄原子とリン原子を有するため、耐スコーリング性などの耐摩耗性を高めることができる。具体的には、チオリン酸エステル化合物やジチオリン酸エステル化合物が挙げられる。
チオリン酸エステル化合物としては、たとえば、トリブチルホスフォロチオネート、トリペンチルホスフォロチオネート、トリヘキシルホスフォロチオネート、トリヘプチルホスフォロチオネート、トリオクチルホスフォロチオネート、トリノニルホスフォロチオネート、トリデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリウンデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリドデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリトリデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリテトラデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリペンタデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリヘキサデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリヘプタデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリオクタデシルホスフォロチオネート、トリオレイルホスフォロチオネート、トリフェニルホスフォロチオネート、トリクレジルホスフォロチオネート、トリキシレニルホスフォロチオネート、クレジルジフェニルホスフォロチオネート、キシレニルジフェニルホスフォロチオネート、トリス(n-プロピルフェニル)ホスフォロチオネート、トリス(イソプロピルフェニル)ホスフォロチオネート、トリス(n-ブチルフェニル)ホスフォロチオネート、トリス(イソブチルフェニル)ホスフォロチオネート、トリス(s-ブチルフェニル)ホスフォロチオネート、およびトリス(t-ブチルフェニル)ホスフォロチオネート等が挙げられる。
発明の効果の観点からは、チオリン酸エステル化合物よりも、ジチオリン酸エステル化合物が好ましい。
また、(B-2)成分の硫黄化合物は、分子中にジチオ(-S-S-)結合を有するとともに、当該硫黄化合物中のトリチオ(-S-S-S-)以上のポリチオ結合を有する硫黄化合物の含有量が、前記ジチオ(-S-S-)結合を有する化合物との合計量を基準として1質量%以下であることが好ましい。硫黄化合物のトリチオ(-S-S-S-)以上のポリチオ結合を有する硫黄化合物の含有量が1質量%以下であれば、組成物の耐熱性を高めスラッジの発生を抑制する効果を有する。
(b-1)のチアジアゾールの具体例としては、2,5-ビス(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブタンジチオ)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール、2,5-ビス(t-オクチルジチオ)1,3,4-チアジアゾール、2,5-ビス(n-ノニルジチオ)1,3,4-チアジアゾール、および2,5-ビス(n-ドデシルジチオ)1,3,4-チアジアゾール等が挙げられる。(b-2)のジアルキルジチオグリコレートの具体例としては、ジエチルジチオグリコレート、ジn-ブチルジチオグリコレート、ジ-イソ-ブチルジチオグリコレート,ジn-オクチルジチオグリコレート、ジ-イソ-オクチルジチオグリコレート,ジ(2-エチルヘキシル)ジチオグリコレート、ジデシルジチオグリコレート、ジウンデシルジチオグリコレート、ジテトラデシルジチオグリコレート、およびジオクタデシルジチオグリコレート等が挙げられる。(b-3)のジヒドロカルビルジサルファイドとしては、ジ-tert-ブチルジサルファイド、ジオクチルジサルファイド、ジ-tert-ノニルジサルファイド、ジドデシルジサルファイド、ジベンジルジサルファイド、ジフェニルジサルファイド、およびジシクロヘキシルジサルファイド等が挙げられる。(b-4)のテトラアルキルチウラムジスルフィドとしては、テトラメチルチウラムジスルフィドやテトラエチルチウラムジスルフィド等が挙げられる。
本発明においては、効果の点で、(b-2)のジアルキルジチオグリコレート、および(b-3)のジヒドロカルビルジサルファイドが好ましい。具体的には、ジn-ブチルジチオグリコレート、ジ-イソ-ブチルジチオグリコレート、およびジベンジルジサルファイドが好ましい。
前記(B)成分の配合量は、組成物全量基準で、硫黄含有量として0.01質量%以上0.5質量%以下の範囲が好ましい。この配合量が0.01質量%未満では、摩耗防止効果(極圧性)が十分得られないおそれがあり、一方0.5質量%を超えても配合に見合った効果が得られないことがある。より好ましい配合量は、0.02質量%以上0.2質量%以下である。
本組成物では、(C)成分として、酸価が10mgKOH/g以下であるカルボン酸アミドを用いることが好ましい。酸価が10mgKOH/gを超えると、防錆性は向上するが、耐熱性が劣りスラッジが発生しやすくなり、抽出水pHを低下させるため、水分が存在した場合にウレタンゴムを劣化させやすい。
このようなカルボン酸アミドは、たとえば、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキン酸、ベヘン酸、リグノセリン酸、ゾーマリン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、ガドレン酸、エルカ酸、セラコレイン酸、リシノレイン酸、およびヒドロキシステアリン酸等のカルボン酸と、アミン(アンモニア)とを反応させて得ることができる。
また、カルボン酸アミドとしては、カルボン酸アルカノールアミドも好適である。たとえば、ラウリン酸ジエタノールアミド、オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド、ステアリン酸ジエタノールアミド、オレイン酸モノエタノールアミド、オレイン酸モノプロパノールアミド、およびオレイン酸ジプロパノールアミド等が挙げられる。
本組成物におけるカルボン酸アミドとしては、オレイン酸ジエタノールアミドが防錆性と溶解性の点で特に好適である。
本組成物においては、(C)成分として前記したカルボン酸アミドを1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組合せて用いてもよい。
(C)成分の配合量は、0.01質量%以上0.5質量%以下である。配合量が0.01質量%未満では、防錆性を発揮できないおそれがある。一方、配合量が0.5質量%を超えると耐熱性が悪くスラッジが生成しやすくなるおそれがある。
本組成物では、(C’)成分としてカルボン酸アミドを、JIS Z 8802による抽出水のpHが6から8までとなる量を配合することが好ましい。本組成物の抽出水pHが6以上8以下であると、パッキンシール・塗料等の材料として油圧装置などに用いられるウレタンゴムなどの劣化を抑制し、シール性を良好に保つことができる。
本発明においては、(D)成分としてコハク酸イミド誘導体を用いる。この成分は、防錆効果とスラッジ分散効果を兼ね備えている。コハク酸イミド誘導体としては、無灰系分散剤として知られるアルキル基またはアルケニル基を側鎖に有するコハク酸イミドを好適に使用できる。特に、数平均分子量500以上3000以下程度のアルキル基またはアルケニル基を側鎖に有するコハク酸イミドが好ましい。側鎖の数平均分子量が500未満であると、基油への分散性が悪化するおそれがある。一方、この側鎖の数平均分子量が3000を超えると、潤滑油組成物を調製する際のハンドリング性が悪化する。また、組成物の粘度が上がり過ぎて、例えば油圧装置に使用する場合に、その作動特性が悪化するおそれがある。
これら(A)成分、(B)成分、(C)成分、および(D)成分の好適な組合せとしては、(I)トリクレジルフォスフェート((A)成分)、ジチオリン酸化合物((B)成分)、オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド((C)成分)、ポリブテニルコハク酸イミド((D)成分)としたもの、(II)トリフェニルホスホロチオエート((A)成分)、ジチオリン酸化合物((B)成分)、オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド((C)成分)、ポリブテニルコハク酸イミド((D)成分)としたもの、(III)トリフェニルホスホロチオエート((A)成分)、ジブチルジチオグリコレート((B)成分)、オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド((C)成分)、ポリブテニルコハク酸イミド((D)成分)としたもの、および(IV)トリフェニルホスホロチオエート((A)成分)、ジベンジルジサルファイド((B)成分)、オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド((C)成分)、ポリブテニルコハク酸イミド((D)成分)としたもの、などが挙げられる。
アミン系酸化防止剤としては、例えば、モノオクチルジフェニルアミン、モノノニルジフェニルアミンなどのモノアルキルジフェニルアミン系化合物、4,4’-ジブチルジフェニルアミン、4,4’-ジペンチルジフェニルアミン、4,4’-ジヘキシルジフェニルアミン、4,4’-ジヘプチルジフェニルアミン、4,4’-ジオクチルジフェニルアミン、4,4’-ジノニルジフェニルアミンなどのジアルキルジフェニルアミン系化合物、テトラブチルジフェニルアミン、テトラヘキシルジフェニルアミン、テトラオクチルジフェニルアミン、テトラノニルジフェニルアミンなどのポリアルキルジフェニルアミン系化合物、α-ナフチルアミン、フェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、ブチルフェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、ペンチルフェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、ヘキシルフェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、ヘプチルフェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、オクチルフェニル-α-ナフチルアミン、ノニルフェニル-α-ナフチルアミンなどのナフチルアミン系化合物が挙げられる。
粘度指数向上剤としては、例えば、ポリメタクリレート、分散型ポリメタクリレート、オレフィン系共重合体(例えば、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体など)、分散型オレフィン系共重合体、スチレン系共重合体(例えば、スチレン-ジエン水素化共重合体など)などが挙げられる。粘度指数向上剤の配合量は、特に限定されないが、組成物全量基準で、0.5質量%以上15質量%以下が好ましく、1質量%以上10質量%以下がより好ましい。
流動点降下剤としては、質量平均分子量が5万以上15万以下程度のポリメタクリレートなどを用いることができる。流動点降下剤の好ましい配合量は組成物全量基準で、0.1質量%以上5質量%以下、より好ましくは0.2質量%以上2質量%以下である。
消泡剤としては、高分子シリコーン系消泡剤、ポリアクリレート系消泡剤を用いることができる。消泡剤の好ましい配合量は、組成物全量基準で、0.0001質量%以上0.5質量%以下であり、0.0005質量%以上0.3質量%以下配合することがより好ましい。
また、組成物としての酸価(mgKOH/g)は、防錆性と耐熱性の観点から、JIS K2501に規定される「潤滑油中和試験方法」に準拠し、電位差法により測定した値が、0.01mgKOH/g以上0.05mgKOH/g以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.02mgKOH/g以上0.04mgKOH/g以下である。
(1)耐摩耗性(FZG耐スコーリング試験)
FZGギヤ試験機を用い、DIN 51354-2に準拠し、規定に沿って段階的に荷重を上げ、スコーリングが発生した荷重のステージで表示した。
JIS K 2510(B法、人工海水法)に準拠して、測定した。
(3)抽出水pH 供試油とイオン交換水を質量比1:1で混合し、静置後水分のpHを測定した(JIS Z 8802)。
(4)耐熱性(酸化試験後のスラッジ量)
JIS K 2514-1996に準じる内燃機関用潤滑油酸化安定度試験(ISOT)により、発生したスラッジ量をミリポアフィルターで捕集してその量(mg/100mL)を測定した。試験温度は150℃であり、試験時間は168時間である。
(5)ゴム劣化防止性(ウレタンゴム浸漬試験)
供試油90mLとイオン交換水10mLをガラスビーカーに採取し、ウレタンゴム(JCMAS P041に記載)のJIS3号ダンベルを浸漬し、攪拌しながら93℃で、120時間の浸漬試験を行った。浸漬後のウレタンゴムダンベルの引張強度を測定し、浸漬試験前のウレタンゴムからの引張強度の変化率(%)を求めた。
表1に示すように、基油に各添加剤を配合し、実施例および比較例の試料油を調製し、それぞれの性能を評価した。結果も表1に示す。
2)リン化合物1((A)成分):トリクレジルフォスフェート
3)リン化合物2((A)成分):トリフェニルホスホロチオエート
4)リン化合物3:酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩(Vanderbilt社製VANLUBE672)
5)硫黄化合物1((B-1)成分):ジチオリン酸化合物(チバスペシャリティーケミカルズ社製IRGALUBE63)
6)硫黄化合物2((B-2)成分):ジベンジルジサルファイド(銅板腐食試験1(1b))
7)硫黄化合物3((B-2)成分):ジブチルジチオグリコレート(銅板腐食試験2(2C))
8)硫黄化合物4((B-2)成分):2,5-ビス(n-ドデシルジチオ)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール(銅板腐食試験1(1A))
9)硫黄化合物5:硫化オレフィン含有硫黄化合物(アフトンケミカルズ社製HITEC343)
10)カルボン酸アミド1((C)成分):オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド(酸価 0.6mg KOH/g)
11)カルボン酸アミド2:高級アルキル置換ドデシレンコハク酸アミド(酸価60mg KOH/g)
12)アルケニルコハク酸イミド((D)成分):ポリブテニルコハク酸イミド(LUBLIZOL社製 LZ6406)
13)アルケニルコハク酸エステル:LUBLIZOL社製 LZ859(アルケニルコハク酸多価アルコールエステル)
14)フェノール系酸化防止剤:2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール
15)アミン系酸化防止剤:ジフェニルアミン系(チバスペシャルティケミカルズ社製 IRGANOX-L57)
16)金属不活性化剤:ベンゾトリアゾール系(チバスペシャルティーケミカルズ社製 IRGAMET39)
17)消泡剤:LUBLIZOL社製 889D
18)40℃動粘度:JIS K 2283に準拠して測定した。
19)酸価:JIS K2501に規定される「潤滑油中和試験方法」に準拠し、電位差法により測定した。
20)P分:JPI-5S-38-92に準拠して測定した。
21)S分:JIS K 2541に準拠して測定した。
表1から分かるように、実施例1~5の試料油は、耐摩耗性(FZG耐スコーリング性)、耐熱性(スラッジ発生量)、防錆性が良好であり、さらにウレタンゴムの劣化防止性にも優れている。
一方、比較例1~6は、いずれも本発明の構成要素のいずれかが外れており、したがって、性能が実施例のものに比べて劣っている。
Claims (10)
- 40℃における動粘度が10mm2/s以上1000mm2/s以下である基油に、
(A)下記式(1)で示されるリン化合物のうち少なくとも1種をリン分で0.001質量%以上0.3質量%以下、
(1)
(Rは、水素原子または炭素数3以下のアルキル基、Xは酸素原子または硫黄原子を示す。)
(B)下記式(2)で示される硫黄化合物(B-1)、および、分子中にジチオ(-S-S-)結合を有し上記の基油に1質量%添加した場合の銅板腐食試験(JISK 2513、測定条件:100℃で3時間)で2以下の硫黄化合物(B-2)のうち少なくともいずれか1種を硫黄分で0.01質量%以上0.5質量%以下、および
(2)
(R1、R2、R4は各々独立に、炭素数1から18までの直鎖若しくは分岐を有する飽和若しくは不飽和の脂肪族炭化水素基、あるいは、分岐を有していてもよい炭素数5から18までの飽和若しくは不飽和の環状炭化水素基である。R3は炭素数1から6までの直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のアルキレン基である。X2、X3、X4は各々独立に酸素原子または硫黄原子である。X1は酸素原子または硫黄原子である。上記式中に硫黄原子は少なくとも一つ含まれる。)
(D)コハク酸イミド誘導体を0.01質量%以上1質量%以下配合してなる
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物において、
さらに、(C)酸価が10mgKOH/g以下のカルボン酸アミドを0.01質量%以上0.5質量%以下配合してなる
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物において、
さらに(C’)カルボン酸アミドを、JIS Z 8802による抽出水のpHが6から8までとなる量を配合してなる
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油組成物において、
前記(B-2)成分におけるトリチオ(-S-S-S-)結合以上のポリチオ結合を有する硫黄化合物の含有量が、前記(B-2)成分全量基準で1質量%以下である
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油組成物において、
前記(D)成分は、アルキル基またはアルケニル基を側鎖に有し、前記側鎖の数平均分子量が500以上3000以下である
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油組成物において、
前記基油が、APIによって定義されたベースオイルカテゴリーのグループIIまたはグループIIIに属する基油である
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油組成物において、
前記基油が、ポリα-オレフィン(PAO)である
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油組成物において、
該組成物の酸価が、0.01mgKOH/g以上0.05mgKOH/g以下である
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油組成物が油圧作動油である
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項9に記載の潤滑油組成物が風力発電機の油圧ドライブトレイン用油圧作動油である
ことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
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CN201380013124.7A CN104145010B (zh) | 2012-03-12 | 2013-03-11 | 润滑油组合物 |
EP13760927.7A EP2826847B1 (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2013-03-11 | Lubricating oil composition |
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EP (1) | EP2826847B1 (ja) |
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JP2016069408A (ja) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-05-09 | 三井化学株式会社 | 作動油用潤滑油組成物 |
JP2016121336A (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | グリース組成物 |
JP2018095814A (ja) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-21 | 出光興産株式会社 | 摺動面用潤滑油組成物 |
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JP6030631B2 (ja) | 2016-11-24 |
JPWO2013137160A1 (ja) | 2015-08-03 |
EP2826847B1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
US9410106B2 (en) | 2016-08-09 |
CN104145010B (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
EP2826847A1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
CN104145010A (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
EP2826847A4 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
US20150051128A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
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