WO2013132762A1 - 発光素子およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
発光素子およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013132762A1 WO2013132762A1 PCT/JP2013/000935 JP2013000935W WO2013132762A1 WO 2013132762 A1 WO2013132762 A1 WO 2013132762A1 JP 2013000935 W JP2013000935 W JP 2013000935W WO 2013132762 A1 WO2013132762 A1 WO 2013132762A1
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- light emitting
- emitting element
- substrate
- light
- layer
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
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- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/20—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
- H01L33/22—Roughened surfaces, e.g. at the interface between epitaxial layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/20—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0075—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds comprising nitride compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/16—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
- H01L2224/161—Disposition
- H01L2224/16151—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/16221—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/16225—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2933/00—Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
- H01L2933/0008—Processes
- H01L2933/0033—Processes relating to semiconductor body packages
- H01L2933/0058—Processes relating to semiconductor body packages relating to optical field-shaping elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light emitting device in which a semiconductor layer including a light emitting layer is laminated on a substrate, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a light-emitting element in which a semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer is stacked on a substrate, it is important to improve light extraction efficiency in order to achieve high luminance.
- light from the light-emitting layer is totally reflected on the substrate surface opposite to the side on which the semiconductor layer is stacked, which is the main light-emitting surface, and becomes return light.
- a conventional light emitting element described in Patent Document 1 is known.
- the GaN-based light-emitting thin-film semiconductor element described in Patent Document 1 is a one in which a one-dimensional or two-dimensional convex ridge is formed on the second main surface of a multilayer structure. Examples include truncated pyramids and truncated cones.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a light emitting device capable of further improving the light extraction efficiency and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the light-emitting element of the present invention is a light-emitting element in which a semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer is stacked on a substrate, and the substrate surface opposite to the side on which the semiconductor layer is stacked is a main light emitting surface. Protruding portions arranged continuously are formed on the light exit surface of the light emitting surface, and the protruding portions are formed in a direction in which the standing direction is deviated from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers. It is.
- the protruding portion is formed in a direction deviating from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers because the center of gravity of the bottom surface of the protruding portion or the center of gravity line connecting the center of gravity is connected to the apex or apex of the protruding portion. That is, the direction to the top line where the lines are connected is not parallel to the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers (direction perpendicular to the substrate surface) and has a predetermined angle.
- the protrusion is a quadrangular pyramid
- the line connecting the center of gravity and the apex of the bottom surface parallel to the substrate surface (the direction in which this line extends is the standing direction) is not parallel to the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers, It is.
- the method for manufacturing a light-emitting element of the present invention includes a stacking step of stacking a semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer on a substrate, and a substrate on the side opposite to the side on which the semiconductor layer is stacked by moving the cutting means in a lattice shape. Protruding portions that are erected in a direction deviating from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers by forming grooves in which the inclination angle of one groove wall is reduced and the other inclination angle is increased on the main light exit surface And a processing step for continuously forming the film.
- the projecting portion is a solid body in which an inclined surface with a small inclination angle and an inclined surface with a large inclination angle are combined, the light reaching the main light exit surface of the substrate from the light emitting layer is within the critical angle. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.
- Sectional drawing which shows the light emitting element which concerns on embodiment of this invention is a diagram showing a main light emitting surface for explaining the projecting portion shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA, and (c) is a diagram showing a standing direction of the projecting portion.
- (A) is a diagram showing a case where the defocus is made small in order to explain a case where the projecting portion of the light emitting element shown in FIG. 1 is formed by a laser scribing device
- (b) is a diagram showing a case where the defocus is made large.
- the figure for demonstrating the case where the protrusion part of the light emitting element shown in FIG. 1 is formed with a dicer apparatus.
- (A) is a cross-sectional view before roughing to explain the case where the surface of the protruding portion is roughened
- (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the inclined surface having a small inclination angle is roughened.
- (A) is a table for comparing the luminance (relative value) between the inventive product and the conventional light emitting device (comparative product) in order to explain the effect of the light emitting device (inventive product) according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- (B) is a graph showing the relationship between the tilt angle and the luminance (relative value).
- (A) is a figure which shows the main light emission surface in order to demonstrate the 1st modification of the light emitting element which concerns on embodiment, (b) is the BB sectional drawing of (a).
- (A) is a figure which shows the main light emission surface in order to demonstrate the 2nd modification of the light emitting element which concerns on embodiment, (b) is CC sectional view taken on the line of (a).
- (A) is a top view which shows the light emitting element which concerns on a 4th modification,
- (b) is DD sectional view taken on the line.
- (A) is a top view which shows the light emitting element which concerns on a 5th modification
- (b) is EE sectional view taken on the line
- (c) is sectional drawing of a light-emitting device.
- (A) is a top view which shows the light emitting element which concerns on a 6th modification
- (b) is FF sectional view taken on the line.
- (A) is the figure which showed the relationship between chip
- (b) is a top view of a triangular-shaped light emitting element
- (c) is a GG sectional view
- (d) is a hexagon.
- (E) is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH.
- (A) is an enlarged cross-sectional view (photograph) of fine irregularities
- (b) is a diagram showing the crystal structure of the Ga substrate
- (c) is a diagram (photograph) showing the N surface of the Ga substrate
- (D) is a partially enlarged view (photograph) of (c)
- (f) is a view (photograph) showing a surface on which a protruding portion of a Ga substrate is formed
- (g) is (f).
- Partial enlarged view (photo) Sectional drawing which shows the light emitting element which concerns on a certain preferable embodiment. The figure which shows the modification which provided the area
- a light-emitting device is a light-emitting device in which a semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer is stacked on a substrate, and a substrate surface opposite to the side on which the semiconductor layer is stacked is a main light emitting surface. Protruding portions arranged continuously are formed on the light emission surface, and the protruding portions are formed in a direction in which the standing direction is deviated from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers.
- the protruding portion is formed in a direction deviating from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers, so that the protruding portion has a gentle inclined surface (an inclined surface with a small inclination angle) and a steep inclination. Since the surface is combined with a surface (an inclined surface having a large inclination angle), the probability that the light reaching the main light exit surface of the substrate from the light emitting layer is within the critical angle can be increased.
- the projecting portion has a fine irregular surface formed on at least an inclined surface having a small inclination angle.
- the protruding portion when the protruding portion is formed in a direction deviating from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers, the protruding portion has a wide inclined surface with a small inclination angle and a large inclination angle.
- the surface is a narrow solid. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency can be further increased by forming a fine uneven surface on the inclined surface on the side where the inclination angle is small.
- the protrusions are arranged in a matrix of columns and rows, and the column direction and / or the row direction of the protrusions are formed non-parallel to the end face of the substrate.
- the scribe groove for partitioning each light emitting element is formed, and when breaking and separating into pieces, the projections in the column direction and / or Since the row direction is formed non-parallel to the end face of the substrate, it can be prevented that the protrusions are accidentally cracked by braking.
- the protrusion is formed in a pointed shape or a truncated shape.
- the projecting portion when the projecting portion is formed in a pointed shape, there is no parallel surface with the light emitting layer (lamination surface of the semiconductor layers), and a wider inclined surface is ensured than a truncated shape. Therefore, it is possible to further increase the probability that the light reaching the main light exit surface is within the critical angle.
- a horizontal surface is formed at the top of the head, so the horizontal surface is in close contact with the adsorption surface of the collet, so that the light emitting element is stable when adsorbed and transferred by the collet. Transfer can be performed.
- the protrusion is formed in a pyramid shape.
- the projecting portion when the projecting portion is formed in a pyramid shape decentered from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers, it becomes a solid that combines an inclined surface with a small inclination angle and an inclined surface with a large inclination angle.
- the probability that the light reaching the main light exit surface of the substrate from the light emitting layer is within the critical angle can be increased.
- an inclined surface can be easily formed by cutting with a laser or a dicer.
- a manufacturing method of a light emitting device includes a stacking step of stacking a semiconductor layer including a light emitting layer on a substrate, and a side opposite to the side on which the semiconductor layer is stacked by moving the cutting means in a lattice shape.
- the substrate surface of this is a projection that is erected in a direction deviating from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers by forming a groove with a small inclination angle of one groove wall and a large inclination angle of the other groove wall on the main light exit surface And a processing step of continuously forming the portion.
- the cutting means is moved in a lattice pattern to form a groove in which the inclination angle of one groove wall is reduced and the other inclination angle is increased, so that the standing direction from the stacking direction of the semiconductor layers A projecting portion in a direction shifted can be formed.
- the laser device as a cutting means irradiates the main light emitting surface with laser light to form a V-shaped groove, and then the defocus of the condenser lens is large. In this way, one of the groove walls is gradually reduced in depth as it goes in the direction orthogonal to the groove direction to form a widened groove.
- the projecting portion can be formed by irradiating the main light emitting surface with laser light while adjusting the defocus of the condenser lens.
- the cutting rotary disk blade as the cutting means is moved in a state where the inclination angle with respect to the main light exit surface is inclined at different angles between the blade edge surface and the blade side surface. Grooves are formed.
- the projecting portion can be formed by adjusting and moving the inclination angle of the cutting rotary disk blade.
- the cutting means in the machining step, when the grooves are formed by moving the cutting means in a lattice shape, the cutting means is moved non-parallel to the scribe grooves that are the end faces of the substrate.
- the scribe groove for partitioning each light emitting element is formed, and when breaking into pieces, the vertical direction and / or the row of the protrusions Since the direction is formed non-parallel to the end face of the substrate, it is possible to prevent the protrusions from being accidentally cracked by braking.
- the light emitting element 10 is a flip-chip type LED in which a semiconductor layer is stacked on a light-transmitting substrate and an electrode for supplying power is formed.
- the substrate has a thickness of about 100 ⁇ m, and a C-plane GaN substrate 11 is provided. If the substrate is too thin, chip cracking is likely to occur in the processing / mounting process. Therefore, the thickness is preferably 70 ⁇ m or more.
- an n-type N-GaN layer 12a, a light emitting layer 12b, and a p-type P-GaN layer 12c are stacked as a semiconductor layer 12.
- a buffer layer may be provided between the GaN substrate 11 and the N-GaN layer 12a.
- the n-type dopant for the N-GaN layer 12a Si or Ge can be preferably used.
- the N-GaN layer 12a is formed with a film thickness of about 2 ⁇ m.
- the light emitting layer 12b contains at least Ga and N, and a desired emission wavelength can be obtained by containing an appropriate amount of In as necessary. Further, the light emitting layer 12b may have a single layer structure. For example, the light emitting layer 12b may have a multiple quantum well structure in which at least a pair of InGaN layers and GaN layers are alternately stacked. The luminance can be further improved by forming the light emitting layer 12b with a multiple quantum well structure.
- the P-GaN layer 12c can be an AlGaN layer having a thickness of about 120 nm.
- the semiconductor layer 12 can be formed on the GaN substrate 11 by an epitaxial growth technique such as the MOVPE method. It is also possible.
- n electrode 13 and a p electrode 14 are formed on the semiconductor layer 12.
- the n-electrode 13 is provided in a region on the N-GaN layer 12a obtained by etching the P-GaN layer 12c, the light emitting layer 12b, and a part of the N-GaN layer 12a.
- the n-electrode 13 is formed by laminating an Al layer 13a, a Ti layer 13b, and an Au layer 13c.
- the p-electrode 14 is stacked on the remaining etched P-GaN layer 12c.
- the p electrode 14 is formed by laminating a Ni layer 14a and an Ag layer 14b.
- the p electrode 14 functions as a reflective electrode by including the Ag layer 14b having a high reflectance.
- the Ni layer 14a functions as an adhesive layer that improves the degree of adhesion between the P-GaN layer 12c and the Ag layer 14b.
- the film thickness of the Ni layer 14a can be in the range of 0.1 nm to 5 nm.
- a protective layer is formed by laminating an SiO 2 layer 15 around the p-electrode 14 and on the side surface of the P-GaN layer 12c, the side surface of the light emitting layer 12b, and the surface of the N-GaN layer 12a exposed by etching. Is formed.
- a first Ti layer 16 in which Ti that functions as a barrier electrode is laminated is laminated to a thickness of about 400 nm.
- the first Ti layer 16 is formed in a wider range than the p electrode 14.
- the first Ti layer 16 can be formed as follows. After the SiO 2 layer 15 is laminated and the p electrode 14 is laminated, the mask pattern for forming the p electrode 14 is removed, Ti is laminated, and the first Ti layer 16 is made wider than the Ag layer 14b by wet etching. Form. By doing so, the first Ti layer 16 having a wider contour shape than the p-electrode 14 is formed.
- a second Ti layer 17 is formed on the SiO 2 layer 15 as a protective layer and the first Ti layer 16 functioning as a barrier electrode.
- the second Ti layer 17 is formed with a thickness of about 150 nm.
- an Al layer may be formed between the first Ti layer 16 and the second Ti layer 17.
- a cover electrode is formed by laminating the Au layer 18 on the second Ti layer 17 and the SiO 2 layer 15.
- the Au layer 18 is formed with a thickness of about 1300 nm.
- the surface of the GaN substrate 11 on the side opposite to the side on which the semiconductor layer 12 is stacked is the main light exit surface S.
- the projecting portions 11a arranged continuously are formed.
- the protruding portion 11a is formed in a direction (inclined with respect to F1) in which the standing direction is deviated from the stacking direction F1 of the semiconductor layer 12 (indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 1).
- the protruding portions 11a are formed in a pyramid shape in which the protruding portions 11a are eccentric from the stacking direction F1 of the semiconductor layer 12 (inclined with respect to F1), and are arranged in columns and rows. Arranged in a matrix.
- the protruding portion 11a is formed in a pointed quadrangular pyramid.
- the protruding portion 11a is formed in an eccentric quadrangular pyramid formed in a direction deviating from the stacking direction F1 of the semiconductor layer 12 so that the protruding portion 11a is formed as shown in FIG.
- a triangular pyramid is formed by combining a triangular surface S1 having a small inclination angle ⁇ 1 and a large area and a triangular surface S2 having a large inclination angle ⁇ 2 and a small area. Therefore, the projecting portion 11a has an asymmetric shape.
- the standing direction refers to a direction from the center of the bottom surface of the protruding portion 11a toward the top of the head (in FIG. 2 (c), the standing direction F2 is indicated by an arrow).
- the protruding portion 11a has a rough surface by forming a fine uneven surface on the inclined surface.
- the protruding portion 11a is formed by a machining process. In the processing step, the protruding portion 11a can be formed by the laser scribing device 20 shown in FIG.
- the condensing lens 22 is adjusted so that the defocus DF gradually increases while irradiating the laser beam, and one groove wall of the V-shaped linear groove 11x is shown in FIG.
- the linear groove 11y having a wider width is formed by moving and cutting by a moving means (not shown) so that the depth gradually decreases in the direction perpendicular to the groove direction.
- Metal Ga residues and damaged layers are formed on the surfaces of the triangular surfaces S1 and S2 produced by the laser device, and these can be removed by wet etching treatment with hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid solution, or ICP or RIE dry etching treatment.
- this protrusion 11a can also be formed by the dicer apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 4 which is an example of a cutting means.
- the cutting rotary disk blade 31 is inclined.
- the inclination angle with respect to the main light emitting surface is moved in a lattice shape with the cutting edge surface 31a and the blade side surface 31b being inclined at different angles to form grooves.
- the triangular surface S1 with a small inclination angle and the protruding portion 11a of the triangular surface S2 with a large inclination angle of the adjacent protruding portion 11a can be formed.
- the triangular surface S1 having a small inclination angle ⁇ 1 is a triangular surface having a large inclination angle ⁇ 2. Since the area is larger than that of S2, an effect can be obtained if an uneven surface is formed on the triangular surface S1 having at least a small inclination angle ⁇ 1.
- a fine uneven surface can be formed by etching with KOH. Etching with KOH results in a rough surface due to the crystal plane, so that when the inclination angle of the inclined surface is too large, a fine uneven surface is not formed by etching (see FIG. 5B). However, if the tilt angle is within a range where the crystal plane can be exposed, the entire protrusion 11a can be roughened.
- FIG. 5E A cross-sectional SEM photograph after forming fine irregularities is shown in FIG. It can be confirmed that hexagonal pyramid-shaped fine irregularities are densely formed on the inclined surface inclined by 25 ° from the ⁇ C plane (N plane).
- N plane the ⁇ C plane
- hexagonal pyramid-shaped micro unevenness can be formed, but it is affected by the crystallinity of the substrate and the amount of impurity doping. As shown, hexagonal pyramid-shaped fine irregularities are generated in a sparse region, which is a factor in reducing light extraction efficiency.
- hexagonal pyramids can be formed densely on the inclined surface regardless of the crystallinity of the substrate and the amount of impurities, thereby suppressing the decrease in light extraction efficiency. Can do. Further, even in a GaN substrate other than the C-plane such as the m-plane, fine irregularities can be formed on the inclined surface, and the light extraction efficiency can be improved.
- the height of the protrusion 11a is set to be larger than the particle size (for example, 10 ⁇ m) of the phosphor 101, the phosphor serving as a heat source is brought close to the GaN substrate 102 having high thermal conductivity. This is advantageous for increasing the brightness of the white LED.
- a light emitting device having the GaN substrate 11 on which the protruding portion 11a having the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of 25 ° and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of 50 ° was formed, and the luminance was measured (invention product).
- a light emitting element in which the projecting portion with the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of 40 ° and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of 40 ° is made to coincide with the stacking direction is manufactured and the luminance is measured.
- the groove depth H is 20 ⁇ m in all cases.
- the pitch P is 80 ⁇ m for the inventive product and 50 ⁇ m for the comparative product.
- FIG. 6A when the luminance of the comparative product is 1, the luminance of the inventive product is 1.06. It can be confirmed that the brightness of the invention product is higher than that of the comparative product.
- the change in luminance when the inclination angle ⁇ 1 was fixed at 25 ° and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 was changed from 25 ° to 80 ° was simulated and graphed.
- FIG. 6B when the inclination angle ⁇ 1 and the inclination angle ⁇ 2 are equal to 1, the peak is obtained when the inclination angle ⁇ 2 is 50 °, which is about 1.09. This result was 1.06 in FIG. 6A, which was different from the case where the light emitting element was actually manufactured.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 2 is changed to the inclination angle ⁇ 1. It can be seen that the luminance tends to be improved by setting different values.
- the inclined surface formed on the protruding portion 11a has a different inclination angle, a smooth triangular surface (inclined surface) S1 and a steep triangular surface (inclined surface) S2 are combined. Since the probability that the light reaching the main light emitting surface S of the GaN substrate 11 from the light emitting layer 12b is within the critical angle can be increased, the conventional light emitting element described in Patent Document 1, for example, has the same inclination angle. Compared to the above, it is possible to further improve the light extraction efficiency.
- the projecting portion 11a is formed in a pointed shape, there is no parallel surface with the light emitting layer 12b, and it is possible to ensure a wide inclined surface by using a pointed shape. The probability that the light reaching S is within the critical angle can be further increased.
- the protruding portion 11b is a truncated quadrangular pyramid. If the protruding portion 11b is formed in a truncated shape, a horizontal surface 11s is formed at the top of the head.
- the horizontal surface 11s is in close contact with the adsorption surface of the collet, so that stable transfer can be performed. If the area of the horizontal surface 11s is large, the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency is lowered. Therefore, the total area of the horizontal surface 11s is preferably 30% or less of the chip area.
- the projecting portion 11c is a pointed quadrangular pyramid, but the triangular surfaces S1 that are inclined surfaces having a small inclination angle ⁇ 1 face each other. Furthermore, the triangular surfaces S2 having a large inclination angle ⁇ 2 are arranged so as to face each other.
- the inclined surfaces having the same inclination angle are in the same direction, the inclination of the light emitted from the protruding portion 11a may be biased.
- the inclined surfaces having the same inclination angle face in opposite directions, so that the light emitted from the protruding portion 11c can be made uniform.
- the column direction and the row direction of the protrusions 11 a arranged in a matrix of columns and rows are formed in non-parallel to the end face of the GaN substrate 11.
- the column direction and the row direction of the protrusions 11 a are inclined by 15 ° from the end face of the GaN substrate 11.
- the wafer is formed when grooves are formed by the laser device 21 shown in FIG. 3 or the dicer device 30 shown in FIG. Inclined and moved from the scribe groove when dividing.
- the semiconductor layer 12 is laminated on the wafer to be the GaN substrate 11, the scribe groove partitioning each light emitting element 10 is formed, and braking is performed to provide individual pieces. When it becomes, it can prevent that it breaks accidentally between the protruding parts 11a by braking.
- the bottom surface of the projecting portion 11 a is formed in a substantially square shape, and the GaN substrate 11 is formed in a substantially square shape.
- the direction inclination angle is the same, but different angles may be used. Further, only one of the column direction and the row direction may be non-parallel.
- the projecting portion 11d is a pointed quadrangular pyramid, and the apexes of the quadrangular pyramid are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the chip center.
- the inclined surfaces having the same inclination angle are in the same direction, and therefore the inclination of the light emitted from the protruding portion 11a may be biased.
- the light emitted from the protruding portion 11d can be made symmetrical.
- the unprocessed portion 110 is provided along the outer periphery of the chip.
- a resin (underfill 114) mixed with a high refractive index material is applied around the chip 113 as shown in FIG. There is.
- the LED chip 113 is provided with the phosphor layer 111 on the light emitting surface 112 facing upward, and is mounted on the mounting substrate 116 with Au bumps 115, for example.
- the underfill can be prevented from flowing onto the chip by the unprocessed portion 110 provided on the outer periphery of the chip.
- the width of the unprocessed portion 110 is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and the area of the unprocessed portion 110 is preferably 30% or less of the chip area to ensure the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency.
- protrusions are formed only in the column direction or the row direction. Also in this structure, the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency is obtained, and the processing time can be further shortened.
- Fig. 13 (a) shows the result of calculating the relationship between the chip shape and the light extraction efficiency.
- the chip area is all 8 mm ⁇ 0.8 mm, and the chip thickness is 100 ⁇ m. If a triangular or hexagonal shape is used, light extraction from the side surface of the chip can be increased, and light extraction efficiency can be increased as compared with a quadrangle. If the present invention is applied to a triangular or hexagonal chip as shown in FIGS. 5B to 5E, even higher light extraction efficiency can be realized.
- 16 (a) to 16 (h) show modifications in which a region in which a quadrangular pyramid is not formed (a quadrangular pyramid-unformed region) is provided in a part of the chip.
- a quadrangular pyramid-unformed region By providing the quadrangular pyramid-unformed regions continuously, the rigidity of the chip can be increased, and chip cracking defects can be suppressed.
- the cross section of the quadrangular pyramid-free region can be, for example, trapezoidal, corrugated, circular, rectangular, or the like.
- the present invention can further improve the light extraction efficiency, it is suitable for a light emitting element in which a semiconductor layer including a light emitting layer is laminated on a substrate and a method for manufacturing the same.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態に係る発光素子を図面に基づいて説明する。
本発明の実施の形態に係る発光素子の変形例を図面に基づいて説明する。
11 GaN基板
11a,11b,11c 突状部
11s 水平面
11x 直線状溝
11y 直線状溝
12 半導体層
12a N-GaN層
12b 発光層
12c P-GaN層
13 n電極
13a Al層
13b Ti層
13c Au層
14 p電極
14a Ni層
14b Ag層
15 SiO2層
16 第1Ti層
17 第2Ti層
18 Au層
20 レーザスクライブ装置
21 レーザ装置
22 集光レンズ
30 ダイサー装置
31 切削用回転円盤刃
31a 刃先面
31b 刃側面
S 主の光出射面
S1, S2 三角面
θ1, θ2 傾斜角
F1 積層方向
F2 立設方向
Claims (11)
- 発光層を含む半導体層が基板に積層され、前記半導体層が積層された側とは反対となる側の基板面が主の光出射面となる発光素子において、
前記主の光出射面に、連続的に配置された突状部が形成され、
前記突状部の立設方向が、前記半導体層の積層方向からずれた方向に形成されていることを特徴とする発光素子。 - 前記突状部は、少なくとも傾斜角が小さい側の傾斜面に微細な凸凹面が形成されている請求項1記載の発光素子。
- 前記突状部は、縦列および横列に並べられたマトリクス状に配列され、
前記突状部の縦列方向および/または横列方向が、前記基板の端面と非平行に形成されている請求項1または2記載の発光素子。 - 前記突状部は、尖頭状または切頭状に形成されている請求項1から3のいずれかの項に記載の発光素子。
- 前記突状部は、前記半導体層の積層方向から偏心した角錐状に形成されている1から4のいずれかの項に記載の発光素子。
- 発光層を含む半導体層を基板に積層する積層工程と、
切削手段を格子状に移動させ、前記半導体層が積層された側とは反対となる側の基板面が主の光出射面に、一方の溝壁の傾斜角度を小さく、他方の傾斜角度を大きくした溝を形成することにより、前記半導体層の積層方向からずれた方向に立設した突状部を連続的に形成する加工工程とを含むことを特徴とする発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記加工工程では、前記切削手段としてのレーザ装置により、前記主の光出射面にレーザ光を照射して、V字状の溝を形成した後に、集光レンズのデフォーカスが大きくなるようにして、一方の溝壁を溝方向と直交する方向へ向かうに従って深さを徐々に浅くして拡げ、拡幅した溝を形成する請求項6記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記加工工程では、前記切削手段としての切削用回転円盤刃を、前記主の光出射面に対する傾斜角度が、刃先面と刃側面とで異なる角度に傾斜させた状態で移動させて溝を形成する請求項6記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記加工工程では、前記切削手段を格子状に移動させ溝を形成するときに、前記基板の端面となるスクライブ溝と非平行に移動させる請求項6から8のいずれかの項に記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記基板は、C面GaNで構成されていることを特徴とする1から5のいずれかの項に記載の発光素子。
- 前記突状部の傾斜面は-C面(N面)から傾斜した面で構成されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の発光素子。
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CN113517378A (zh) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-10-19 | 华灿光电(浙江)有限公司 | 增强侧面光强的发光二极管芯片及其制造方法 |
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US10326051B2 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2019-06-18 | Lumileds Llc | Light emitting device including shaped substrate |
JPWO2015146069A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-04-13 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 発光ダイオード素子 |
KR102673060B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-24 | 2024-06-10 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 마이크로 led 소자 및 마이크로 led 제조 방법 |
CN113903845B (zh) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-12-22 | 华灿光电(浙江)有限公司 | 微型发光二极管芯片及其制备方法 |
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