WO2013107203A1 - 波形护栏板 - Google Patents

波形护栏板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013107203A1
WO2013107203A1 PCT/CN2012/083771 CN2012083771W WO2013107203A1 WO 2013107203 A1 WO2013107203 A1 WO 2013107203A1 CN 2012083771 W CN2012083771 W CN 2012083771W WO 2013107203 A1 WO2013107203 A1 WO 2013107203A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
corrugated
substrate
layer
guardrail
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/083771
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐菊娣
Original Assignee
湖南金鸿科技工业股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 湖南金鸿科技工业股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖南金鸿科技工业股份有限公司
Publication of WO2013107203A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013107203A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0453—Rails of materials other than metal or concrete, e.g. wood, plastics; Rails of different materials, e.g. rubber-faced metal profiles, concrete-filled steel tubes

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of road traffic safety facilities, and relates to a guardrail board, in particular to a wave guardrail board.
  • guardrails are used in a wide range of fields, including transportation, agriculture, entertainment, industry, construction, etc.
  • guardrails are often used for livestock keeping in agriculture, large residential areas, Safe collision avoidance facilities for highways, bridges, large industrial bases and large entertainment venues such as racetracks and race tracks.
  • guardrails are needed.
  • the main function of guardrails is to protect the driving vehicles and prevent the loss of more people and vehicles when the vehicles are accidentally rushed out of the road.
  • the existing guardrail basically adopts a corrugated beam steel guardrail.
  • the guardrail usually adopts a corrugated cold-rolled steel plate with 2 ⁇ 3 half-waves as a guardrail board.
  • the guardrail boards are overlapped with each other or are connected to each other by a connecting piece and are connected by a column.
  • the surface of the guardrail of such a steel beam is apt to be rusted, and its appearance is short and the service life is short. Even if it is intact, it should be regularly and comprehensively maintained, and the overall cost and maintenance cost are high.
  • the guardrail plate made of steel beam has high hardness and rigidity, and the contact time between the uncontrolled vehicle and the slab is short, so the energy absorbing ability is poor, and the damage to the vehicle and the occupant is large.
  • a guardrail plate made of "plastic-made steel” has appeared, such as the Chinese patent "a flexible road guardrail” with the publication number CN2350430A, which discloses a "B-plasticized plastic material”. "Glyph hollow structure to improve the vibration damping and flexibility of the guardrail.
  • the Chinese patent “resin guardrail” disclosed in CN101023222A discloses a hollow honeycomb plate-like substrate which is formed by resin molding and has a wave-shaped cross section and lateral ribs alternately arranged, so that the guardrail board has high strength and shock absorption function.
  • the technical solution of the above-mentioned guardrail "to replace the steel” has solved the problem that the steel guardrail is easy to rust, has poor appearance, short service life, poor energy absorbing ability, and great harm to vehicles and occupants, but To prevent the vehicle from getting out of the road, it is necessary to have the mechanical strength and rigidity of the guardrail to resist the collision of the vehicle.
  • the elastic modulus of the plastic is only one-twentieth of the steel (for example, the elastic modulus of the carbon steel is 190000 Mpa). Left and right, the elastic modulus of polyethylene (PE) is about 800Mpa).
  • PE polyethylene
  • Step-plastic composite is another solution.
  • the Chinese patent “Composite Material Guardrail and Its Production Method” with the publication number CN1393600A proposes a built-in steel bar or steel mesh, and is molded with a composite of unsaturated resin, auxiliary material and glass cloth layer.
  • the Chinese patent “Road guardrail member” with the publication number CN2644499A proposes to cover the composite extruded polymer material layer on the surface of the corrugated guardrail plate formed by cold bending of steel plate or strip.
  • the method of molding compounding is not The continuous production of the method leads to low production efficiency; the surface of the corrugated steel guardrail is extruded, and the process is complicated and the cost is increased. More importantly, there is a problem of compatibility between the plastic steel in the existing plastic steel guardrail products.
  • the peel strength between the plastic steels is low, and it is easy to separate due to the plastic steel during use and installation, so that the strength and toughness are insufficient. It is not easy to use and is prone to breakage; and the shrinkage coefficient of plastic steel expansion and contraction is different. After thermal expansion and contraction between plastic steel, there will be relative slip between the two materials, so that there is a gap between the two joints, which will lead to wetness.
  • the above-mentioned plastic steel guardrails are all hard guardrails, or the plastic steel is easy to be separated and cannot be wound up and bent, which causes inconvenience in transportation and storage, and because the length of the guardrail board is limited, many accessories are required for installation, which makes the installation complicated.
  • the above-mentioned plastic steel guardrail is mainly composed of an intermediate steel structural material, and the external composite plastic is only used to improve the corrosion resistance of the guardrail and reduce the maintenance requirement, and the hardness of the guardrail is not well reduced, and the transmission is not well reduced. Give the vehicle a collision energy.
  • the steel guardrail plate has the defects of being easy to corrode, high in hardness, and poor in collision energy absorption; the plastic material of the all-plastic guardrail plate has small elastic modulus, large volume, and cost. High defects; and the complex production process of steel-plastic composite guardrails and the relatively poor impact energy absorption, providing a wave guardrail that resists corrosion, reduces the difficulty of maintenance, and absorbs collision energy to reduce damage to vehicles and personnel. .
  • a wave guardrail plate comprising a substrate fixedly connected to the anti-blocking block or the column, wherein a corrugated plate is respectively extended at two lateral ends of the substrate, the substrate and the corrugated plate
  • the corrugated plate protrudes to the same side of the substrate plate surface and extends beyond the substrate plate surface, and the substrate smoothly transitions to the corrugated plate; the substrate and the corrugated plate both extend in the longitudinal direction of the fender plate, and the substrate and the substrate
  • the corrugated plates are each a thermoplastic composite panel, and the thermoplastic composite panel includes a reinforcing skeleton, and the reinforcing skeleton is coated with a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • the corrugated plates disposed at the lateral ends of the substrate are respectively corrugated plates having at least one peak, and the wave crests of the corrugated plates extend along the longitudinal direction of the substrate to form outward ribs.
  • the corrugated plates at the lateral ends of the substrate are symmetrically disposed about the central axis of the substrate, and the connecting holes are formed on the central axis of the substrate and the side walls of the corrugated plate.
  • the corrugated board includes a top wall of the wave crest and an inner side wall plate and an outer side wall plate extending gradually toward the trough on both sides of the top plate, and the inner side wall plate is integrated with the substrate.
  • the outer side wall plate extends outwardly with a flange plate, and the flange plate is bent toward a central axis of the substrate, and the flange plate is a thermoplastic composite plate.
  • the reinforcing skeleton in the substrate and the corrugated board is an uninterrupted integral structural profile.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing skeleton in the top plate of the corrugated plate is arched, M-shaped, and in-line.
  • the V shape is either inverted or omega.
  • the reinforcing skeleton in the substrate and the corrugated board includes a plurality of spaced apart assembly profiles.
  • a plurality of assembly profiles are arranged in the corrugated board, and the profiled profiles in the top plate of the corrugated board are arranged in an arch shape, a dome shape, a dome shape, a V shape or An inverted omega-shaped reinforcing skeleton.
  • the outer side wall plate and the inner side wall plate of the corrugated plate are plate-shaped reinforcing frames, and the transfer portion between the substrate and the inner side wall plate is provided with a thickened and enlarged strip profile. Or a stranded profile, the reinforcing skeleton in the substrate being a thickened profile.
  • the exposed portion of the reinforcing skeleton in the connecting hole is covered with a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • thermoplastic material layer of the thermoplastic composite panel is a two-layer structure or a three-layer structure that is not separated from each other;
  • the two-layer structure is a flexible impact-resistant and non-broken buffer layer of the inner layer, and an anti-aging and wear-resistant protective layer of the outer layer; or the two-layer structure is a bonding layer adhered to the reinforcing skeleton and Protective layer
  • the three-layer structure is a bonding layer which is adhered to the reinforcing skeleton in order from the inside to the outside, a flexible impact-resistant and non-broken buffer layer, and an anti-aging and abrasion-resistant protective layer.
  • the bonding layer is an adhesive resin material which is compatible with and adheres to the chemical characteristics of the reinforcing skeleton and the buffer layer;
  • the buffer layer is made of a flexible and impact-free polymer material.
  • the protective layer is made of a polymer material having anti-aging properties.
  • the reinforcing skeleton is a profile that selects a tensile strength much higher than that of the thermoplastic material layer; the ratio of the tensile strength of the reinforcing skeleton to the tensile strength of the thermoplastic material layer is 1:10. -1: 150.
  • thermoplastic material layer of the thermoplastic composite board and the reinforcing skeleton are integrated into one body without gaps, and between 20 and 10 ° C, the reinforcing skeleton and the thermoplastic material layer are The peel strength is greater than 75 N/cm.
  • the outer side of the reinforcing frame in the corrugated plate is provided with a thermoplastic material layer, and the inner side of the reinforcing frame is provided with a protective layer.
  • the reinforcing skeleton is composed of two layers of plate-shaped profiles which are spaced apart, and are filled with a cushioning material therebetween.
  • the invention adopts the guardrail plate, and the wave structure deformation of the corrugated plate enhances the impact resistance and the buffering capacity of the guardrail plate, and the substrate and the corrugated plate are integrated structures and both adopt the thermoplastic composite plate with the reinforcing skeleton, so at the same time have strong Flexibility and cushioning ability; thus creatively solves the two functional requirements of the impact resistance and flexibility of the barrier plate design, and can achieve high efficiency and continuous production.
  • the corrugated board Since the corrugated plates at both ends of the substrate face the lane at the same time, since the corrugated plate protrudes from the substrate, after the collision of the vehicle, the first First, the corrugated board will be touched. After the collision, the corrugated board will undergo deformation to slow down the impact force of the uncontrolled vehicle, prolong the contact time between the vehicle and the guardrail, and reduce the impact peak.
  • the substrate and the corrugated plate are thermoplastic composite plates
  • the thermoplastic composite plate comprises a layer of thermoplastic material reinforcing the skeleton and reinforcing the outer coating of the skeleton, the reinforcing skeleton has considerable rigidity and strength, and the thermoplastic material layer has flexibility, impact resistance and no Broken, the resulting thermoplastic composite panel has considerable rigidity and flexibility, and the flexibility and rigidity of the thermoplastic composite panel play a role in a product at different stages of the collision protection process.
  • the corrugated plate gradually deforms and expands, and the corrugated plate acts on the collision vehicle to absorb the collision energy through deformation.
  • the contact time between the vehicle and the guardrail is prolonged, the impact peak is reduced, and the impact force of the uncontrolled vehicle is slowed down.
  • the flange plate is bent toward the central axis of the substrate. It is beneficial to the formation of the corrugated sheet to one side.
  • the filled foaming material or elastic material of the thermoplastic composite sheet can also prevent the broken fence and its parts from piercing the vehicle body, endangering the occupants.
  • the substrate and the corrugated board extend along the length direction of the guardrail board, and can be laid without a long distance without interruption, which is advantageous for the uncontrolled vehicle to be exported along the guardrail at a small angle without hindrance, and the vehicle movement track is corrected, so that It returns to the driving lane.
  • the corrugated board and the substrate are all made of a thermoplastic composite board, so that the whole of the guardrail board has considerable strength and rigidity, and also has certain flexibility, and can continuously produce a long and uninterrupted guardrail board, and the guardrail
  • the panels can be rolled into rolls for transport and long distances of any length.
  • the wave guardrail board of the invention not only improves the safety of the guardrail, but also improves the installation efficiency of the guardrail; the long-distance one-time laying also reduces the guardrail joint and saves cost. Moreover, the guardrail board that is damaged by the out-of-control vehicle can be cut off and replaced on the spot, and the exposed metal covering of the cut-off portion is coated with anti-corrosion, and is lined and connected by a connecting member.
  • the wave guardrail panel of the invention is moderately flexible, and is also convenient for setting and installing the guardrail at the road bend.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • thermoplastic composite panel 7 is a schematic structural view of a two-layer structure of a thermoplastic composite panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • thermoplastic composite panel 8 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a three-layer structure of a thermoplastic composite panel according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 9 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a three-layer structure of a thermoplastic composite panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a wave guardrail plate includes a substrate 10 fixedly connected to the block 100 and the column 200.
  • a corrugated plate 20 extends from a lateral end of the substrate 10, and the substrate 10 and the waveform are respectively
  • the board 20 is of a unitary structure, and the corrugated board 20 disposed at the lateral ends of the substrate 10 respectively protrudes to the same side of the board surface of the board 10, and the board 10 smoothly transitions to the corrugated board 20; the board 10 and the corrugated board 20 are both
  • the fence plate extends in the longitudinal direction, and the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are thermoplastic composite plates, and the thermoplastic composite plate includes a reinforcing frame 4, and the reinforcing frame 4 is coated with a layer of thermoplastic material. That is, the wave guardrail plate of the present invention is a plate material in which the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are continuously extended in the same direction and are wound into a roll or cut into a block.
  • the thermoplastic composite panel comprises a reinforcing skeleton 4, and the reinforcing skeleton 4 is coated with a thermoplastic material layer, and the thermoplastic material layer is integrated with the reinforcing skeleton 4 without gaps, and the thermoplastic material layer and reinforcement are required.
  • the peel strength of the skeleton 4 is greater than 75 N/cm (at 20 ° C ⁇ 5 ° C).
  • the test method for the peel strength is:
  • thermoplastic material layer in the same direction with a width of 15 mm-25 mm and a length of 120 mm or more. When cutting, the joint between the thermoplastic material and the reinforcing frame 4 should be cut and picked up. One end.
  • the two-layer structure or the thermoplastic material layer adopting the three-layer structure has high peeling strength, the peeling strength of the two-layer structure is 80 N/cm, and the peeling strength of the three-layer structure is 85 N/cm or more. .
  • the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 extend along the length of the fender panel, and thus can be continuously produced by means of thermoplastic co-extrusion.
  • the peeling strength is high, and the relative slip between the material layers is not generated after the force and the thermal expansion and contraction, so that the advantages of the thermoplastic composite material can be fully utilized, and the strength and toughness are high in use.
  • the layers of thermoplastic material are not easily separated, which is convenient for winding, unwinding and bending, and is convenient for transportation, storage and installation.
  • the corrugated guardrail board of the invention can produce the guardrail board of any length according to the continuous uninterrupted production, and can be cut according to the conventional fixed order length of 4m, or can be wound into a roll, which is convenient for transportation and on-site laying. When laying on site, the roll guardrail can be unrolled or flattened according to the installation requirements. According to the "Technical Specification for Design and Construction of Expressway Traffic Safety Facilities JTJ074-94": The minimum length of the guardrail should not be less than 70m.
  • the invention mainly considers the overall function of the guardrail, and preferably adopts a long-length guardrail board, and the length of the guardrail board is long, which not only simplifies the installation and connection process, but also makes the guardrail board as a continuous beam to exert the overall effect well, and is beneficial to the runaway vehicle. Unobstructed along the guardrail at a small angle Unfortunately, the length of contact between the collision vehicle and the guardrail is extended, thereby prolonging the collision time, reducing the deceleration of the vehicle, improving the anti-collision performance of the guardrail, and reducing passenger casualties and vehicle damage. If the length of the guardrail is short, it is not convenient to play the guiding function of the guardrail, which increases the risk of collision of the out-of-control vehicle.
  • the corrugated plate 20 is disposed at both lateral ends of the substrate 10 and is integrated with the substrate 10.
  • the integrated structure enhances the connection strength between the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20, and the corrugated plate 20 is a fender plate.
  • the main function of the corrugated board 20 is to intercept and buffer the impacting vehicle. The vehicle impact first contacts the corrugated board 20, and is firstly deformed and extended by the corrugated board 20, and the corrugated board 20 functions to absorb the collision energy by deformation.
  • thermoplastic composite plate Through the buffering effect of the thermoplastic composite plate, the contact time between the vehicle and the guardrail can be prolonged, the impact peak is reduced, and the impact force of the uncontrolled vehicle is reduced, and the flange bent toward the central axis of the substrate during the deformation phase of the collision process
  • the plate facilitates the formation of the corrugated sheet to one side, and the foamed or elastic material of the thermoplastic composite sheet can also prevent the broken fence and its parts from piercing the vehicle body, endangering the occupant.
  • the damping effect of the thermoplastic material layer makes the entire guardrail have a good cushioning and damping function, which can prevent the vehicle from crossing the guardrail or overturning on the guardrail.
  • the main function of the substrate 10 is for supporting and fixing, so that the guardrail plate is directly connected to the column, or is connected and connected by the anti-blocking block and the column to support and fix.
  • the substrate 10 may be provided one or more, adjacent to each other. Between the substrates 10 is a corrugated plate 20, and the corrugated plates 20 between the substrates 10 may be provided one or more.
  • a connecting hole 50 is formed on the substrate 10 in the longitudinal direction (the length direction of the guardrail plate). The connecting hole 50 is disposed at a position on the central axis of the substrate 10, and is engaged in the connecting hole 50 by the bolt 11 and the anti-block or the column can be Remove the fixed connection.
  • the shape of the substrate 10 is various structures such as a flat plate, a curved plate, and a shaped plate, and a flat plate is preferable. Due to the supporting action of the substrate 10, the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the substrate 10 is preferably an integral plate-like structure.
  • the corrugated plates 20 at the lateral ends of the substrate 10 are respectively corrugated plates 20 having at least one peak, and the crests of the corrugated plates 20 extend longitudinally along the substrate 10 to form outward ribs. That is, the corrugated board 20 is disposed on the same side of the board surface of the substrate 10, and all protrudes toward the road.
  • the corrugated board 20 on each side of the board 10 in the lateral direction of the board 10 may be a corrugated board 20 of a peak, or may be a corrugated board 20 of a plurality of peaks.
  • a wave plate 20 of a peak is preferred.
  • the corrugated plates 20 at the lateral ends of the substrate 10 may be symmetrically arranged or may not be symmetrically arranged, and the shape and size of the corrugated plates 20 may be the same or different. It is preferable that the corrugated plates 20 at both lateral ends of the substrate 10 have the same shape and are symmetrically arranged.
  • a plurality of substrates 10 may be disposed. The plurality of substrates 10 are disposed between the plurality of corrugated plates 20, for example, three corrugated plates 20 and two substrates 10 are smoothly connected to form a three-corrugated waveform.
  • fence board is disposed between the plurality of corrugated plates 20, for example, three corrugated plates 20 and two substrates 10 are smoothly connected to form a three-corrugated waveform.
  • the corrugated plate 20 includes an inner wall plate 23 and an outer side wall plate which are gradually extended toward the trough on both sides of the top plate 22 and the top plate 22 at the crest, and the top plate 22 and the outer side wall plate 21 and the inner side wall plate 23 form a half-wave shape, the inner side wall plate 23 is integrated with the substrate 10, and the substrate 10 is located at the trough of the corrugated plate 20. Since the impact wave plate 20 is deformed and deformed in the same direction, the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are smoothly transitioned without sharp edges to prevent breakage at the corners when subjected to impact. The distance from the top plate 22 of the corrugated plate 20 to the substrate 10 is 65-125 mm, so that the corrugated plate 20 has a sufficiently deformed and extended space, which can enhance the impact resistance and Enhance buffering.
  • the outer side wall panel 21 extends outwardly with a flange plate 30 which is bent toward the central axis of the substrate 10, and the flange plate 30 is a thermoplastic composite plate.
  • the flange plate 30 is an extension of the outer side wall panel 21, and the two are integrally formed.
  • the shape of the flange plate 30 is not limited, and may be various shapes such as a flat plate, a curved plate or a semi-cylindrical plate.
  • the function of the flange plate 30 is to adjust the stress variations at the corners of the reinforcing profile to facilitate the flattening of the corrugated plate 20 during impact deformation.
  • the thermoplastic composite panel includes a reinforcing skeleton 4 and a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 is formed such that the tensile strength is much higher than the longitudinal or/and transverse direction of at least one of the profiles of the thermoplastic material.
  • the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are of a unitary structure, mainly because the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are both made of a layer of thermoplastic material, and both are produced by one-time molding, and the thermoplastic material layer is on the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate.
  • the structure of 20 may be the same or different.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the substrate 10 and the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the corrugated sheet 20 are of two types, and actually have various structures in each type.
  • the reinforcing frame 4 in the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 is an uninterrupted integral structural member. That is, an integral profile is provided in the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 as the reinforcing frame 4, and the substrate 10 is partially reinforced by the cold rolling forming of the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 is partially reinforced by the skeleton 4.
  • the flange plate 30 is provided, At the same time, the reinforcing skeleton 4 of the flange plate 30 portion is cold-rolled.
  • the overall profile is a plate structure.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing frame 4 in the top plate 22 of the corrugated plate 20 is arched, M-shaped, in-line, V-shaped or inverted ⁇ -shaped.
  • a variety of different shape functions are used to enhance the impact resistance, buffer capacity, especially M-shaped, V-shaped or inverted omega shape, increasing the space width occupied by the top plate 22 to enhance the skeleton 4, so that the cladding reinforcement skeleton
  • the overall thickness of the thermoplastic material layer of 4 is also correspondingly increased, and the flexibility and rigidity of the top plate 22 are improved, and the overall impact resistance is enhanced.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 of the above-described shapes is formed by integrally molding the reinforcing skeleton 4 of other portions by means of cold rolling or the like.
  • the profile of the flat sheet is formed by cold rolling.
  • a reinforcing profile comprising a plurality of spaced apart arrangements of the skeleton 4.
  • the assembled profiles are spaced apart by a plurality of profiles of the same or different structures, the same or different sizes, for example, the top plate 22 is of a structure and size, and the inner side wall panel 23 and the outer side wall panel 21 are of the same structure or another structure.
  • the flange plate 30 can also be formed from profiles of the same or different construction and dimensions.
  • a plurality of assembly profiles are arranged in the top plate 22 of the corrugated plate 20, and the assembly profiles are arranged in an arched, T-shaped, M-shaped, V-shaped or inverted ⁇ -shaped reinforcing skeleton. 4.
  • the assembly profiles are strip-shaped, strand-shaped, spaced apart or adjacent to the arrangement to form an arched, T-shaped, M-shaped, V-shaped or inverted omega-shaped reinforcing skeleton 4.
  • the impact portion is the top plate 22.
  • the stress concentration position of the corrugated plate 20 subjected to impact deformation is the connection between the top plate 22 and the substrate 10, and the connection between the substrate 10 and the anti-blocking block 100. In order to improve the overall impact resistance, Increase its rigidity, then The above position increases the thickness and size of the reinforcing frame 4 to ensure the strength of the reinforcing frame 4.
  • the outer side wall plate 21 and the inner side wall plate 23 of the corrugated plate 20 are plate-shaped reinforcing frames 4, and the rotation between the substrate 10 and the inner side wall plate 23
  • the connecting portion is provided with a thickened strip profile or a larger stranded strand profile
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the substrate 10 is a thickened profile, for example, a thickened profile or a two-layer spaced profile.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 is composed of two layers of sheet-like profiles which are spaced apart from each other with a cushioning material interposed therebetween, and the cushioning material is a foaming material or an elastic material.
  • the foaming material is foamed plastic, foamed rubber, and the elastic material is rubber, shock absorbing cotton, and the like.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 plays a supporting and impact-resistant role in the entire plate of the thermoplastic composite panel. Therefore, the reinforcing skeleton 4 has a modulus of elasticity greater than that of the thermoplastic material layer.
  • a profile of elastic modulus, a profile is an object of a certain geometry made by processes such as rolling, extrusion, casting, and the like.
  • the ratio of the tensile strength of the reinforcing skeleton 4 to the tensile strength of the thermoplastic material layer is 1:10-1:150, and any data within this range may be used only for materials of different tensile strengths. Choice of thickness and shape.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 has a tensile strength of more than 120 MPa.
  • the preferred tensile strength of the present invention is much larger than that of the thermoplastic material layer.
  • the profile may be selected from a metal profile, an organic reinforcement profile, and an inorganic reinforcement profile. When used, a profile may be used alone, or a plurality of shapes and materials may be different. Profiles are used together.
  • Metal profiles can be selected from steel strips and steel wires with a certain width. They can also be steels of suitable thickness (such as round, square, angle, I-beam, channel steel, etc.), and pipe steel (such as garden tubes, square tubes, and shaped tubes).
  • metal fibers such as boron fibers and metal whiskers such as aluminum, titanium, calcium, etc.
  • organic and inorganic reinforcing materials including inorganic fibers (such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, whisker, quartz fiber, graphite fiber and ceramic fiber) Or), profiles, organic fibers (such as PAN fibers, polyethylene fibers, PA fibers, PC fibers, PVA fibers, polyester fibers, etc.) or profiles, preferably woven sheet structures or stranded reinforcing fibers that facilitate continuous production.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 of the present invention is a plate-like or tubular integral profile, or a plurality of plate-like, strip-shaped, tubular, linear or bundle-shaped profiles are formed in groups. That is, a plurality of profiles are arranged longitudinally, laterally, or longitudinally and laterally woven into a sheet shape. Multiple profile spacings save material, reduce cost and enhance cushioning while maintaining strength.
  • the width and length of the plate-shaped profile are adapted to the width and length of the thermoplastic composite panel, and cannot be too narrow or too short to support and impact.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 may be arranged in a plurality of manners such as parallel, stranding, and the like as needed.
  • the weight percentage of the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the thermoplastic composite sheet is 10% to 90% according to the tensile strength of the reinforcing skeleton 4, the thickness of the bonding layer 3 is 0.1 to 0.25 mm, and the thickness of the buffer layer 2 is 0.5 cm. ⁇ 3cm, the thickness of the special top plate position buffer layer 2 may be 1.5 to 2 times the thickness.
  • the thickness of the protective layer 1 is greater than 0.8 mm, and the thickness of the material mainly depends on the strength requirements of the composite panel and the functional requirements such as impact resistance, impact crush resistance and the material properties used.
  • the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are made of a three-layer thermoplastic composite plate as shown in Figs.
  • a two-layer thermoplastic composite plate as shown in Fig. 7 can also be used.
  • another embodiment of the corrugated plate 20 may be: a reinforcing material layer is disposed outside the reinforcing frame 4, and a protective layer is disposed inside the reinforcing frame 4, that is, a thermoplastic is disposed outside the corrugated plate 20 facing the road. The material layer, only the protective layer is provided inside the corrugated plate 20 facing away from the road.
  • the thermoplastic composite panel is a two-layer structure which is composed of an external anti-aging wear-resistant protective layer 1 and a flexible and impact-resistant and non-broken buffer layer 2 in the protective layer 1;
  • the thermoplastic composite panel may also be a two-layer structure including only the bonding layer 3 and the protective layer 1 adhered to the reinforcing skeleton 4.
  • the buffer layer 2 is the main structure of the entire thermoplastic composite board, and the intercepting and buffering function of the entire guardrail board is realized by the buffer layer 2. Therefore, the material of the buffer layer 2 must be strong in impact resistance and high in flexibility and elasticity. Molecular material. In the actual selection process, the softness and flexibility of the base resin and the appropriate addition of high impact resin, rubber elastomer, rigid filler, foaming agent and flame retardant can be selected according to the anti-collision level of the guardrail and comprehensive consideration of economic cost.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer 2 is relatively thick with respect to the protective layer 1.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer 2 may vary according to the site requirements of the enclosure and comprehensively consider economic costs.
  • the buffer layer generally used for road barriers preferably has a thickness of 0.5 cm to 3 cm. Also choose buffer layer thickness higher than 3cm 0
  • the protective layer 1 is made of a polymer material which is composited outside the buffer layer and has anti-aging properties.
  • the main function of the protective layer 1 is to protect the inner layer material.
  • the priority is to solve the problem that the outermost material of the whole guardrail board is easy to age and wear. Therefore, it is necessary to use a flexible and wear-resistant base resin material, and add anti-resistance to the base resin material.
  • Anti-aging materials such as oxidants and light stabilizers can also be added with antibacterial agents and nano self-cleaning materials to keep them clean and hygienic. It is also possible to add auxiliary materials for improving rigidity and wear resistance.
  • the material of the protective layer 1 also contains a beautiful and eye-catching color matching, as well as a photoluminescent material.
  • the protective layer 1 may also contain a material that enhances the printability of the surface of the material as needed.
  • the thickness of the protective layer 1 is generally not thick, and it can be 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • thermoplastic material layer is a three-layer structure which is not separated from each other, and is bonded to the reinforcing layer 4 in order from the inside to the outside, which is flexible and impact-resistant and not broken.
  • the bonding layer 3 is an adhesive resin material which is compatible with and adheres to the material chemistry of the reinforcing skeleton 4 and the buffer layer 2.
  • the adhesive resin material selected for the bonding layer 3 simultaneously has a bonding effect on the material of the reinforcing skeleton 4 and the polymer material of the buffer layer 2, and the material and properties of the buffer layer 2 and the reinforcing skeleton 4 are simultaneously considered in the selection of the bonding layer 3.
  • the material of the reinforcing skeleton 4 of the present invention is a metal, another inorganic material or an organic material, and the buffer layer 2 selects a polymer material
  • the bonding layer 3 is selected from a plurality of materials such as a metal, an inorganic material, an organic material, and a polymer material.
  • the buffer layer 2 is made of a polyolefin (PO) type material, such as polypropylene (PP) and linear polyethylene (LLDPE), and when the reinforcing skeleton 4 is selected as a steel strip, the bonding layer 3 may be selected from polyethylene or may be selected.
  • PO polyolefin
  • PP polypropylene
  • LLDPE linear polyethylene
  • the bonding layer 3 may be selected from polyethylene or may be selected.
  • ethylene acrylic acid copolymer or other materials which are completely compatible with metal and polyolefin plastics as shown in Fig. 6, for the reinforcing skeleton 4 of a single metal profile or polymer material profile, the bonding layer 3 is bonded to the metal.
  • the outer surface of the profile or polymer material profile as shown in Fig. 8, if a plurality of profiles are selected to form the reinforcing skeleton 4, the surface of each of the exposed profiles is bonded to the bonding layer 3.
  • the buffer layer 2 is coated outside the bonding layer 3 and is made of a polymer material which is resistant to impact and is not broken.
  • the buffer layer 2 is the same as the buffer layer 2 material in the thermoplastic composite panel of Fig. 7, and will not be described herein.
  • the protective layer 1 is made of a polymer material which is composited outside the buffer layer 2 and has anti-aging properties.
  • the protective layer 1 preferentially overcomes the defects of aging and wear of materials.
  • the protective layer 1 is the same as the protective layer 1 in the thermoplastic composite panel of Fig. 7, and will not be described herein.
  • thermoplastic composite panel is mainly used for a position where it does not contact the collision, such as the corrugated plate 20 or the substrate 10 facing away from the inside of the road, only when the bonding layer and the protective layer adhered to the reinforcing frame 4 are adhered.
  • the substrate 10 is generally connected to the spaced-apart anti-blocks through the connection holes 50, and the anti-block 100 is connected to the posts fixed on the ground to form a guard rail.
  • the function of the anti-blocking block 100 is to prevent the stab from hindering the sliding of the vehicle to the guardrail, preventing the sudden stop of the collision between the body and the column, or rebounding to cause serious consequences.
  • the substrate 10 has a plate-like structure and may be various plate types such as a flat plate, a curved plate, a hollow plate, and a profiled plate.
  • a connecting hole 50 is formed on the substrate 10 along the longitudinal direction of the guard rail, that is, the longitudinal direction of the substrate 10, and the connecting hole 50 is detachably and fixedly connected to the blocking block 100 or the column 200.
  • the position of the connecting hole 50 is not limited, and is preferably disposed in the substrate 10.
  • the side walls of the corrugated plate 20, that is, the inner side wall plate 23 and the outer side wall plate 21 are also provided with connecting holes 50.
  • the connecting holes 50 serve to make the guard rails formed by the fixed length cutting or overlapping with each other through the connecting members. Beam structure.
  • the connecting hole 50 on the substrate 10 is disposed on the reinforcing frame 4 of the thermoplastic composite plate to ensure the connection strength between the guardrail and the blocking block 100, and enables the guardrail and the column 200 when the entire column 200 starts to fall downward. Detach to prevent the guardrail from falling down with the column 200, causing the out-of-control vehicle to rush out of the guardrail.
  • the reinforcing frame 4 made of a corrosive material In order to prevent moisture from entering the reinforcing frame 4 from the connecting hole 50 and causing corrosion of the reinforcing skeleton 4 made of a corrosive material, when the reinforcing frame 4 made of a corrosive material is used, the corresponding corrodible material in the connecting hole 50
  • the slit of the reinforcing skeleton 4 is covered with a layer of thermoplastic material, that is, the exposed portion of the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the connecting hole 50 is covered with a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 is completely covered inside the thermoplastic material layer to prevent rust damage.
  • Embodiment 1 in the wave guardrail plate shown in FIG. 1, the substrate 10 is a flat thermoplastic composite plate.
  • a plurality of connecting holes 50 are spaced apart from the central axis of the substrate 10.
  • the connecting holes 50 are internally provided with bolts 11 for fixedly connecting the blocking block 100 and the column 200 together.
  • a corrugated plate 20 is extended on each of the two ends of the substrate 10, and the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are integrally formed.
  • the corrugated plate 20 protrudes from the same side of the substrate 10 and extends beyond the plate surface of the substrate 10.
  • the substrate 10 smoothly transitions to the corrugated plate 20; the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 both extend in the longitudinal direction of the fender, the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 are thermoplastic composite plates, and the thermoplastic composite plate includes a reinforcing skeleton 4, and the reinforcing skeleton 4 is covered with heat. Plastic material layer.
  • the corrugated plates 20 on the lateral sides of the substrate 10 are respectively corrugated plates 20 having at least one peak, and the crests of the corrugated plates 20 extend longitudinally along the substrate 10 to form outward ribs. In the present embodiment, only one peak is formed in the corrugated plate 20 on the side of the substrate 10, and a half-wave structure is formed.
  • the corrugated plate 20 includes a top plate 22 of a wave crest and an inner side wall plate 23 and an outer side wall plate 21 which are gradually extended toward the trough on both sides of the top plate 22, and the inner side wall plate 23 is formed integrally with the substrate 10.
  • a connecting hole 50 is defined in the side wall of the corrugated plate 20, that is, the inner side wall plate 23 and the outer side wall plate 21 are respectively spaced apart by a connecting hole 50 for cutting the guardrail plates made by the fixed length Lap or spliced into a continuous beam structure by connectors.
  • Both the corrugated plate 20 and the substrate 10 are made of a thermoplastic composite plate, and the reinforcing plate 4 in the corrugated plate 20 and the substrate 10 is an uninterrupted integral structural profile, and the reinforcing skeleton 4 is preferably a reinforced metal strip which is formed by cold rolling.
  • the reinforcing metal strip is preferably steel, aluminum or other suitable metallic material.
  • the reinforcing frame 4 is formed into an arched structure in the top plate 22, and the arched top plate 22 is also arched in the direction of the road.
  • thermoplastic material layer on the inner side and the outer side of the reinforcing skeleton 4 adopts a three-layer structure including a bonding layer, a buffer layer and a protective layer.
  • the layer of thermoplastic material on the inside of the reinforced frame 4 can also be omitted as having only one layer of protection.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer coated on the outer side of the reinforcing frame 4 facing the road, especially the thickness of the buffer layer in the top plate 22 is 1.5 to 2 times or more of the other positions.
  • the outer side wall plate 21 of the corrugated plate 20 extends with a variable angle flange plate 30.
  • the flange plate 30 is bent toward the central axis of the substrate 10.
  • the flange plate 30 is also a thermoplastic composite plate, and the thermoplastic composite plate is specifically The structure is the same as that of the outer side wall panel 21.
  • the reinforcing frame 4 in the flange plate 30 has the same shape and structure as the outer side wall plate 21, and the two are integrally formed, that is, the reinforcing frame 4 in the flange plate 30 is extended by the outer side wall plate 21.
  • connection hole 50 is filled with a layer of thermoplastic material 41 to enclose the reinforcing frame 4.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 is composed of two layers of plate-shaped profiles which are spaced apart, and are filled with a cushioning material, and the cushioning material is a foaming material or Elastic material.
  • the foamed material is foamed plastic, foamed rubber, and the elastic material is rubber, shock absorbing cotton, and the like.
  • the guardrail panel shown in FIG. 2 is an improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1, that is, the top plate 22 of the corrugated plate 20 is changed from an outwardly protruding arch shape to a flat shape, and the top plate 22 is in a thermoplastic material layer.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer is 1.5 to 2 times that of other positions.
  • the flange plate 30 is not provided in this embodiment, and the thermoplastic material layer at the edge of the outer side wall plate 21 is semi-cylindrical. The rest of the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.
  • Embodiment 3 the fender panel shown in FIG. 3 is an improvement based on Embodiment 2, the substrate 10 remains unchanged, and the reinforcing frame 4 in the top plate 22 of the corrugated plate 20 is M-shaped or V-shaped.
  • the depression is filled with a buffer layer of a layer of thermoplastic material, where the buffer is The layer thickness is 1.5 to 2 times other positions.
  • Such a top plate 22 structure greatly increases the thickness of the thermoplastic material layer on the outer side of the reinforcing frame 4 at the top plate 22, reinforcing the flexibility and cushioning ability of the top plate 22.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 2 and will not be described herein.
  • the guardrail plate shown in FIG. 4 is an improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1, the substrate 10 remains unchanged, and the reinforcing frame 4 in the substrate 10 and the corrugated plate 20 is also an integral structure, but only in the corrugated plate 20
  • the shape of the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the top plate 22 becomes an inverted ⁇ shape.
  • the depression is filled with a buffer layer of a layer of thermoplastic material, where the thickness of the buffer layer is 1.5 to 2 times that of other locations.
  • Such a top plate 22 structure provides a large increase in the thickness of the overall thermoplastic material layer at the top plate 22, enhancing the flexibility and cushioning capacity of the top plate 22.
  • the reinforcing frame 4 of the shape is first unfolded by the impact, and the rest of the structure is not described herein again with the embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 5 The fence panel shown in Fig. 5 is an improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1, and includes a substrate 10 of a flat structure.
  • the shape of the top plate 22 in the corrugated plate 20 is arched, and the reinforcing frame 4 in the top plate 22 is a T-shaped structure which is arranged by a plurality of assembled profiles, and the assembled profiles are stranded profiles or circular or polygonal in cross section.
  • a strip-shaped profile of equal shape, the stranded profile is formed by twisting together a plurality of linear materials.
  • the number of the arrangement profiles is determined according to the shape of the corrugated plate 20, and the cocoa can be more or less.
  • a plurality of groups are arranged at the top to form an arc-shaped or straight-line arrangement.
  • a stranded profile is used, and the top plate 22 is used.
  • Four sets of stranded strands are arranged at intervals, two sets of stranded strands are arranged below, and the top four sets are in the form of straight lines arranged in sections, or may be arranged in an arc shape, which is the same as the shape of the top plate 22.
  • the T-shaped arrangement of the assembled profiles forms a reinforcing skeleton 4 of the top plate 22, and the assembled profiles are surrounded by a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • the thermoplastic material layer is a three-layer structure including a bonding layer, a buffer layer, and a protective layer, and may also include a two-layer structure of a buffer layer and a protective layer.
  • the reinforcing frame 4 in the outer wall plate 21 and the inner side wall plate 23 of the corrugated plate 20 in the substrate 10 is a plate-like or strip-shaped structure, and the assembled profiles of the upper portion of the T-shaped structure in the top plate 22 are sequentially arranged to form a smooth transition. .
  • the reinforcing frame 4 in the outer peripheral wall plate 21 and the inner side wall plate 23 of the corrugated plate 20 in the substrate 10 is made of a thickened profile to increase the strength, and in particular, the position at which the connecting hole 50 is provided is increased in thickness.
  • the thickness of the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the substrate 10 is larger than the thickness of the reinforcing skeleton 4 in the outer side wall panel 21 and the inner side wall panel 23 of the corrugated board 20.
  • the reinforcing skeleton 4 is preferably a metal profile such as a steel strip, a steel sheet, an aluminum strip, an aluminum plate, an alloy plate or the like.
  • the outer side wall panel 21 extends with a flange plate 30.
  • the reinforcing frame 4 of the flange plate 30 is formed by a plurality of sets of stranded profiles or strip-shaped profiles having a circular or polygonal cross section. Two sets of stranded profiles are disposed in the flange plate 30, and the two sets of stranded profiles are spaced apart, and the outer portions are provided with a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • At the junction of the substrate 10 and the inner side wall plate 23 at least one set of stranded profiles and strip-shaped profiles having a circular or polygonal cross section are provided, and the profile size adopted therein is increased to strengthen the strength of the strip. And flexibility.
  • a set of stranded profiles is preferred in this embodiment. The rest of the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.
  • the guardrail plate shown in FIG. 6 is an improvement based on Embodiment 5, the substrate 10 remains unchanged, and the reinforcing frame 4 in the top plate 22 of the corrugated plate 20 is a stranded profile, the cross section is circular or An M-shaped or V-shaped shape formed by strips of a polygonal shape or the like. At least one set of stranded profiles and a circular or polygonal cross section are provided at the junction of the substrate 10 and the inner side wall panel 23.
  • the strip profile, the profile is arranged in an arc shape, and the profile size used here is increased to strengthen the strength and flexibility of the profile.
  • three sets of stranded profiles are preferably arranged at intervals.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer is 1.5 to 2 times that of other positions.
  • Such a top plate 22 structure greatly increases the thickness of the thermoplastic material layer on the outer side of the reinforcing frame 4 at the top plate 22, reinforcing the flexibility and cushioning ability of the top plate 22.
  • the composite profile is wrapped around a layer of thermoplastic material.
  • the thermoplastic material layer is a three-layer structure including a bonding layer, a buffer layer, and a protective layer, and may also include a two-layer structure of a buffer layer and a protective layer.

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Abstract

一种波形护栏板，包括与防阻块（100）或立柱（200）固定连接的基板（10），在基板（10）两侧分别延伸有波形板（20），基板（10）与波形板（20）为一体结构，波形板（20）向基板（10）板面的同侧突出并超出基板（10）板面，基板（10）平滑过渡到波形板（20）；基板（10）和波形板（20）都在护栏板长度方向上延伸，基板(10）和波形板（20）为热塑复合板，所述热塑复合板包括增强骨架（4），在增强骨架（4）外包覆有热塑材料层。该波形护栏板耐腐蚀、刚性和柔韧性配合适当，冲撞能量吸收好。

Description

波形护栏板
技术领域
本发明属于道路交通安全设施技术领域， 涉及一种护栏板， 尤其涉及一种波形护栏板。
背景技术
高速交通围护、 大型场地围护常需要使用防护板或护栏， 使用领域广泛， 涉及交通、 农业、 娱 乐、 工业、 建筑等多个行业， 例如护栏常用于农业上的牲畜圈养、 大型居住区、 高速公路、 桥梁、 大型工业基地和大型娱乐场所如赛马场、 赛车场等的安全防撞设施。
其中， 最为重要的安全防护是交通， 特别是高速公路、 快速路和桥梁， 都需要护栏， 护栏的主 要作用是对行驶车辆防护， 防止车辆出现意外时冲出道路造成更大人员和车辆损失。现有的护栏基 本上采用波形梁钢护栏， 这种护栏通常采用带有 2~ 3个半波的波纹状冷轧钢板作为护栏板， 该护 栏板相互搭接或通过连接件相互拼接并由立柱支撑，或通过防阻块与立柱连接组成连续的道路防撞 护栏结构， 并利用土基、 立柱、 防阻块、 波形护栏板的变形来逐步吸收碰撞能量， 迫使失控车辆改 变方向。但这种钢梁的护栏板表面容易锈蚀， 其外观差、使用寿命短， 即使完好无损也要定期全面 维护， 综合造价与维修费用较高。 并且钢梁制成的护栏板硬度高、 刚性大， 失控车辆与栏板相撞的 接触时间短， 因此吸能能力较差， 对车辆和乘员的危害较大。
基于钢护栏的上述缺陷， 出现了 "以塑代钢"制成的护栏板， 如公开号为 CN2350430A 的中 国专利 《一种柔性道路护栏》， 公开了采用 PE塑胶材料搪塑而成的 "B" 字形空心结构来提高护栏 板的减振性和柔性。公开号为 CN101023222A的中国专利《树脂护栏》公开了通过树脂模压制成， 波浪形截面、横肋交替排列的空心蜂窝板状基体， 使护栏板具有较高强度和减震功能。上述护栏板 "以塑代钢" 的技术解决方案虽然解决了钢护栏容易锈蚀、 外观差、 使用寿命短、 吸能能力较差、 对车辆和乘员的危害较大的问题，但由于要做到防止车辆越出路外，必然要求护栏具有相当的力学 强度和刚度， 才能抵挡车辆的冲撞， 而塑料的材料弹性模量只有钢的 200 分之一 （如碳素钢的材 料弹性模量在 190000 Mpa左右， 聚乙烯 （PE) 的材料弹性模量在 800Mpa左右）， 这种全塑料 结构的护栏就需要耗用较多的材料才能达到钢护栏要求的强度，因此全塑护栏的体积大、成本很高， 不利于推广使用。
"钢塑复合"是另一种解决方案。 如公开号为 CN1393600A的中国专利 《复合材料公路护栏及 其生产方法》提出了内埋钢筋或钢丝网， 并与不饱和树脂、辅料、玻璃丝布层模压复合的护栏。 公 开号为 CN2644499A 的中国专利 《道路护栏构件》 提出在钢板或带钢通过冷弯加工成型的波形护 栏板表面覆盖复合挤出成型的高分子材料层。上述钢塑复合材料的护栏方案中，模压复合的方式无 法连续生产， 导致生产效率较低； 在波形钢护栏板表面挤塑， 其工艺较为复杂使其成本上升。 更为 重要的是现有的塑钢护栏产品中塑钢之间存在相容性的问题，塑钢之间的剥离强度较低，在使用和 安装过程中易因塑钢分离， 使其强度和韧性不足， 达不到使用要求并易出现破损； 且塑钢热胀冷縮 的收縮系数不同，塑钢之间热胀冷縮后两种材料之间会出现相对滑移使二者的接合面存在空隙，将 导致湿气从材料表面的破损处沿接合面的空隙进入腐蚀内部的钢材， 降低护栏板的使用寿命， 并造 成安全隐患。并且上述塑钢护栏都是硬质护栏， 或因塑钢易分离不能收卷和弯曲， 造成运输和储存 不便， 且因护栏板长度有限， 安装所需配件较多， 使其安装繁琐。 并且上述塑钢护栏还是以中间钢 结构材料为主要支撑部件， 其外部复合的塑料只用于提高护栏耐腐蚀、减少养护要求的作用， 不能 很好地减少护栏板硬度， 也不能很好地降低传递给车辆的冲撞能量。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于， 针对现有技术中钢制护栏板存在易腐蚀、 硬度高、 对冲撞能 量吸收差的缺陷； 全塑护栏板的全塑材料弹性模量小、体积大、成本高的缺陷； 以及钢塑复合护栏 板生产工艺复杂、冲撞能量吸收相对较差的缺陷， 提供一种耐腐蚀、减轻养护难度、 能很好吸收冲 撞能量来减少对车辆和人员伤害的波形护栏板。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是： 一种波形护栏板， 包括与防阻块或立柱固定连 接的基板， 在基板横向两端分别延伸有波形板， 所述基板与所述波形板为一体结构， 所述波形板向 基板板面的同侧突出并超出基板板面，所述基板平滑过渡到波形板；所述基板和波形板都在护栏板 长度方向上延伸， 所述基板和波形板都分别为热塑复合板， 所述热塑复合板包括增强骨架， 在所述 增强骨架外包覆有热塑材料层。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述基板横向两端设置的波形板都分别是至少有一个波峰的波形板， 所述波形板的波峰沿基板纵向延伸形成向外的凸棱。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述基板横向两端的波形板关于基板中轴线对称设置， 在基板中轴线 上和波形板的侧壁上开有连接孔。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述波形板包括波峰的顶板和顶板两侧逐步向波谷延伸的内侧壁板和 外侧壁板， 所述内侧壁板与基板成一体结构。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述外侧壁板向外延伸有凸缘板， 所述凸缘板向基板的中轴线方向弯 折， 所述凸缘板为热塑复合板。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述基板与波形板中的增强骨架为不间断的一体结构型材。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述波形板的顶板内增强骨架的横截面形状为拱形、 M 形、 一字形、 V形或者是倒放 Ω形。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述基板、 波形板内的增强骨架包括多个间隔设置的组配型材。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述波形板内间隔设置有多个组配型材， 所述波形板的顶板内组配型 材排布成横截面为拱形、 Τ形、 Μ形、 V形或倒放的 Ω形的增强骨架。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述波形板的外侧壁板和内侧壁板为板状的增强骨架， 所述基板与内 侧壁板之间的转接部分设有加厚加大的条形型材或绞股型材， 所述基板内的增强骨架为加厚型材。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述连接孔内的增强骨架裸露处包覆有热塑材料层。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述热塑复合板的热塑材料层为复合在一起不分离的两层结构或三层 结构；
所述的两层结构是内层的柔韧抗冲击且无破碎的缓冲层、 外层的抗老化耐磨的防护层； 或者 所述的两层结构是粘接附着在增强骨架上的结合层和防护层；
所述三层结构是由内到外依次为粘接附着在增强骨架上的结合层、柔韧抗冲击且无破碎的缓冲 层和抗老化耐磨的防护层。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述结合层为与增强骨架和缓冲层的化学特性相容并相互粘结的粘合 性树脂材料；所述缓冲层由柔韧且冲击无破碎的高分子材料制成；所述防护层为具有抗老化性能的 高分子材料制成。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述增强骨架是选择拉伸强度远高于热塑材料层的型材； 所述增强骨 架的拉伸强度与热塑材料层的拉伸强度之比为 1 : 10-1： 150。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述热塑复合板的热塑材料层与增强骨架之间无间隙复合成一体， 在 20°C ±5°C条件下， 增强骨架与热塑材料层之间的剥离强度大于 75N/cm。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述波形板中的增强骨架外侧设有热塑材料层、 增强骨架内侧设有防 护层。
所述的波形护栏板中， 所述增强骨架由两层间隔设置的板状型材组成， 二者之间填充有缓冲 材料。
本发明采用护栏板中， 波形板的波形结构变形增强护栏板的抗冲击能力和缓冲能力， 基板和 波形板为一体结构并都采用带有增强骨架的热塑复合板， 因此同时具有较强的柔韧性和缓冲能力； 从而创造性解决了护拦板设计时抗冲击能力和柔韧性相互矛盾的两种功能要求，并可实现高效率连 续生产。
由于基板横向两端的波形板都同时面向车道， 由于波形板突出基板， 在车辆发生碰撞后， 首 先会接触到波形板，碰撞后波形板发生延展变形减缓失控车辆所受到的撞击力，延长车辆与护栏的 接触时间， 降低冲击峰值。 同时基板和波形板是热塑复合板， 热塑性复合板包括增强骨架和增强骨 架外包覆的热塑材料层， 增强骨架具有相当的刚性和强度， 热塑材料层具有柔韧性， 抗冲击并且无 破碎， 因此制成的热塑复合板具有相当的刚性和一定的柔韧性，热塑复合板的柔韧性和刚性在一个 产品中创造性地在冲撞保护过程的不同阶段分别发挥其作用。
在冲撞过程的初始阶段，由于基板和波形板的热塑材料层较好的抗冲击柔性，在车辆撞击中， 波形板顺势逐步变形延展，波形板对碰撞车辆作用是通过变形来吸收碰撞能量， 并通过热塑性复合 板的缓冲， 来延长车辆与护栏的接触时间， 降低冲击峰值， 减缓了失控车辆所受到的撞击力， 在冲 撞过程的变形阶段， 向基板的中轴线方向弯折的凸缘板有利于波形板形成向一侧的延展，热塑性复 合板的填充发泡料或弹性料还能够避免护栏破碎及其零部件刺穿车体， 危及乘员。
本发明护栏板中， 基板和波形板沿护栏板的长度方向延伸能， 可长距离无间断敷设， 有利于 失控车辆以较小的角度沿护栏无阻碍顺势导出， 对车辆运动轨迹进行校正， 让其回到行驶车道。
本发明护栏板中， 波形板和基板都采用热塑复合板使得护栏板的整体具有相当的强度和刚性， 也具有一定的柔韧性，可连续生产出长度很长不间断的护栏板，并且护栏板能收卷成卷以便于运输 和做到任意长度的长距离敷设。
本发明的波形护栏板不仅提高护栏的安全性， 还能提高护栏的安装效率； 长距离一次性敷设还 减少了护栏板连接件， 节约成本。 并且对失控车辆撞损的护栏板则可现场切断、 更换， 切断处的裸 露金属包覆防腐， 并用连接件垫衬和连接。本发明波形护栏板柔性适中， 还方便道路弯曲处的护栏 设置和安装。 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明， 附图中：
图 1是本发明实施例 1的结构示意图；
图 2是本发明实施例 2的结构示意图；
图 3是本发明实施例 3的结构示意图；
图 4是本发明实施例 4的结构示意图；
图 5是本发明实施例 5的结构示意图；
图 6是本发明实施例 6的结构示意图；
图 7是本发明实施例热塑复合板两层结构的结构示意图；
图 8是本发明实施例热塑复合板三层结构的第一种实施方式的结构示意图； 图 9是本发明实施例热塑复合板三层结构的第二种实施方式的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、 目的和效果有更加清楚的理解， 现对照附图详细说明本发明的具 体实施方式。
如图 1〜9所示， 一种波形护栏板， 包括与防阻块 100和立柱 200固定连接的基板 10， 在基 板 10横向两端分别延伸有波形板 20， 所述基板 10与所述波形板 20为一体结构， 分别设置在基板 10横向两端的所述波形板 20向基板 10板面的同侧突出，所述基板 10平滑过渡到波形板 20;所述 基板 10和波形板 20都在护栏板长度方向上延伸，所述基板 10和波形板 20为热塑复合板，所述热 塑复合板包括增强骨架 4， 在所述增强骨架 4外包覆有热塑材料层。 即本发明的波形护栏板是基板 10和波形板 20同向连续延伸并收制成卷或者切割成块的板材。
所述热塑复合板包括增强骨架 4， 在所述增强骨架 4外包覆有热塑材料层， 所述热塑材料层 与增强骨架 4无间隙复合成一体， 且要求热塑材料层与增强骨架 4的剥离强度大于 75N/cm (20°C ± 5 °C下）。
所述剥离强度的测试方法为：
a)将热塑材料层沿同一方向划开宽度为 15 mm-25 mm、 长 120 mm以上的长条， 划开时应划 透热塑材料与增强骨架 4之间的接合面， 并撬起一端。
b) 用材料试验机以小于等于 12 mm/min的速率垂直热塑材料层表面匀速拉起热塑材料层， 记录测力计数值。将测定时记录的力值除以热塑材料层的剥离宽度，即为剥离强度，单位为 N/cm。 本发明中采用两层结构或者是采用三层结构的热塑材料层都具有较高的剥离强度，二层结构的剥离 强度为 80 N/cm， 三层结构的剥离强度为 85 N/cm以上。
所述基板 10和波形板 20沿护栏板的长度方向延伸， 因此可采用热塑共挤出复合的方式连续 生产。其剥离强度较高， 受力和热胀冷縮后不会产生材料层之间的相对滑移， 使其能充分发挥热塑 复合材料的优点， 在使用中具有较高的强度和韧性。在制造和安装过程中， 热塑材料层之间不易分 离， 便于收卷、 开卷矫直和弯弧铺设， 方便了运输、 储存和安装。 本发明的波形护栏板由于能连续 不间断生产， 可以生产出任意长度的护栏板， 根据实际订货需要可按常规定长 4m切断， 也可收卷 成卷， 便于运输和现场铺设。现场铺设时可以根据安装需要对成卷护栏板开卷矫平或弯弧铺设。根 据《高速公路交通安全设施设计及施工技术规范 JTJ074-94》： 护栏最小设置长度不宜小于 70m。本 发明主要考虑护栏的整体作用， 优选采用较长长度的护栏板， 护栏板长度较长， 不仅简化了安装连 接过程，还可使护栏板作为连续梁很好地发挥整体效果，有利于失控车辆以较小的角度沿护栏无阻 碍顺势导出， 延长碰撞车辆与护栏的接触长度， 从而延长碰撞时间， 减少车辆的减加速度， 提高护 栏的防撞性能，减少乘客伤亡和车辆损坏。如果护栏设置长度较短，则不便于发挥护栏的导向功能， 增加了失控车辆发生碰撞的危险性。
如图 1〜6所示， 波形板 20是设置在基板 10的横向两端并与基板 10为一体结构， 一体结构 增强了基板 10和波形板 20之间的连接强度，波形板 20是护栏板上的重要结构，波形板 20主要功 能是拦截并对撞击车辆进行缓冲， 车辆撞击首先接触波形板 20， 先通过波形板 20顺势逐步变形延 展， 波形板 20的作用是通过变形来吸收碰撞能量， 并通过热塑性复合板的缓冲作用， 能延长车辆 与护栏的接触时间， 降低冲击峰值， 减缓了失控车辆所受到的撞击力， 在冲撞过程的变形阶段， 向 基板的中轴线方向弯折的凸缘板有利于波形板形成向一侧的延展，热塑性复合板的填充发泡料或弹 性料还能够避免护栏破碎及其零部件刺穿车体， 危及乘员。其中热塑材料层的阻尼作用， 使得整个 护栏具有较好的缓冲减震功能， 能够防止车辆穿越护栏或倾覆于护栏上。
基板 10的主要作用是用于支撑和固定， 使护栏板通过与立柱直接连接， 或通过防阻块与立柱 连接组成以支撑和固定， 基板 10可以设置一个， 也可以设置多个， 相邻的基板 10之间是波形板 20， 基板 10之间的波形板 20可以设置一个， 也可以设置多个。 在基板 10上沿纵向 （护栏板的长 度方向） 开设有连接孔 50， 连接孔 50设置位置优选设置在基板 10的中轴线上， 通过螺栓 11配合 在连接孔 50内与防阻块或立柱可拆卸固定连接。基板 10形状是平板、弧形板、异形板等多种结构， 优选平板。 由于基板 10的支撑作用， 基板 10中的增强骨架 4优选一体的板状结构。
所述基板 10横向两端的波形板 20都分别是至少有一个波峰的波形板 20， 所述波形板 20的 波峰沿基板 10纵向延伸形成向外的凸棱。 即所述波形板 20在基板 10板面的同侧设置， 都是向道 路突出， 基板 10横向每侧的波形板 20可以是一个波峰的波形板 20， 也可以是多个波峰的波形板 20， 优选一个波峰的波形板 20。 基板 10横向两端的波形板 20可以是对称设置的， 也可以不是对 称设置， 波形板 20的形状和大小可以相同， 也可以不同。 优选基板 10横向两端的波形板 20形状 相同且对称设置。 根据护栏板的防护等级不同， 可以设置多个基板 10， 多个基板 10设置在多个波 形板 20之间， 比如由三个波形板 20和二个基板 10光滑连接还可组成三波纹的波形护栏板。
波形板 20包括波峰处的顶板 22和顶板 22两侧逐步向波谷延伸的内侧壁板 23和外侧壁板， 顶板 22与外侧壁板 21和内侧壁板 23组成一个半波形， 所述内侧壁板 23与基板 10成一体结构， 则基板 10位于波形板 20的波谷处。由于在受到撞击波形板 20要顺势变形延展，则基板 10与波形 板 20之间是平滑过渡， 没有尖锐的棱角， 防止在受到撞击时在棱角处断裂。 波形板 20的顶板 22 到基板 10的距离为 65-125mm， 这样波形板 20具有充分变形延展的空间， 能有利于增强抗冲击和 增强缓冲作用。
所述外侧壁板 21 向外延伸有凸缘板 30， 所述凸缘板 30向基板 10的中轴线方向弯折， 所述 凸缘板 30为热塑复合板。 凸缘板 30是外侧壁板 21的延伸， 二者一体结构， 凸缘板 30的形状不作 限定， 可以是平板、 曲面板或者是半圆柱板等多种形状。 凸缘板 30的作用是调节增强型材转折处 的应力变化， 从而有利于波形板 20在撞击变形过程中的展平。
如图 7、 8、 9所示， 热塑复合板包括增强骨架 4和热塑材料层。 所述增强骨架 4为拉伸强度 远高于热塑材料的至少一件型材纵向或 /和横向排列而成。
基板 10与波形板 20是一体结构， 这主要由于基板 10和波形板 20都是由热塑材料层制成， 并且二者是一次性成型同时制得， 热塑材料层在基板 10和波形板 20的结构可以相同也可以不同。
基板 10中的增强骨架 4和波形板 20中的增强骨架 4有两种类型， 并且每种类型中实际上有 多种结构。
增强骨架 4的一种类型是： 所述基板 10与波形板 20中的增强骨架 4为不间断的一体结构型 材。 即基板 10和波形板 20中设置一个整体的型材作为增强骨架 4， 型材通过冷轧成型为一体结构 的基板 10部分增强骨架 4和波形板 20部分增强骨架 4， 在有凸缘板 30时， 也同时冷轧出凸缘板 30部分的增强骨架 4。 一般整体的型材为板式结构。
由于波形板 20中的顶板 22是直接受到车辆冲击的部位， 所述波形板 20的顶板 22内增强骨 架 4的横截面形状为拱形、 M形、 一字形、 V形或者是倒放 Ω形， 多种不同的形状作用是用于增 强抗冲击能力、 缓冲能力， 特别是 M形、 V形或者是倒放 Ω形， 增加了顶板 22增强骨架 4所占 的空间宽度， 使得包覆增强骨架 4的热塑材料层整体厚度也相应增加， 同时提高了顶板 22柔韧性 和刚性，增强了整体的抗冲击能力。上述这些形状的增强骨架 4都是通过冷轧等手段与其它部分的 增强骨架 4一体成型制得。 优选是将平板的型材经过冷轧形成的。
增强骨架 4另一种实施方式是： 增强骨架 4的包括多个间隔设置的组配型材。 组配型材是采 用多种相同或不同结构、 相同或不同尺寸的型材间隔配合， 例如顶板 22采用一种结构和尺寸的型 材， 内侧壁板 23和外侧壁板 21采用相同结构或另一种结构和尺寸的型材， 凸缘板 30也可以采用 相同或不同结构和尺寸的型材。所述波形板 20的顶板 22内间隔设置有多个组配型材，所述组配型 材的排布成横截面为拱形、 T形、 M形、 V形或倒放的 Ω形的增强骨架 4， 例如组配型材为条形、 绞股状， 间隔或紧邻排布形成拱形、 T形、 M形、 V形或倒放的 Ω形的增强骨架 4。
护栏板中， 受到冲撞部位是顶板 22， 波形板 20受到撞击变形的应力集中位置是顶板 22和与 基板 10连接处、基板 10与防阻块 100的连接处， 为了提高整体的抗冲击能力， 提高其刚性， 则在 上述位置增加增强骨架 4的厚度和尺寸， 以确保增强骨架 4的强度。增强骨架 4的选择有以下几种 方案： 一种是所述波形板 20的外侧壁板 21和内侧壁板 23为板状的增强骨架 4， 所述基板 10与内 侧壁板 23之间的转接部分设有加厚的条形型材或尺寸较大的绞股型材， 所述基板 10内的增强骨 架 4为加厚型材， 例如采用加厚型材或两层间隔设置的型材。
增强骨架 4实施方式的另一种是： 所述增强骨架 4由两层间隔设置的板状型材组成， 二者之 间填充有缓冲材料，缓冲材料为发泡料或弹性料。发泡料为的泡沫塑料、发泡橡胶，弹性料为橡胶、 减震棉等。
由于热塑复合板要具有相当的力学强度和刚度， 增强骨架 4在热塑复合板的整个板体中起到 支撑、抗冲撞作用， 因此， 增强骨架 4选择弹性模量大于热塑材料层的弹性模量的型材， 型材是指 通过轧制、挤出、铸造等工艺制成的具有一定几何形状的物体。所述增强骨架 4的拉伸强度与热塑 材料层的拉伸强度之比为 1 : 10-1： 150， 在这个范围内的任何数据都可以， 只是需要针对不同的 拉伸强度的材料进行厚度和形状的选择。 优选增强骨架 4的拉伸强度大于 120MPa。 本发明优选拉 伸强度远大于热塑材料层的型材，型材可以选择金属型材、有机增强型材和无机增强型材，使用时， 可以单独使用一种型材， 也可以将多种形状不同、 材质不同的型材搭配在一起使用。
金属型材可以选择具有一定宽度的钢带、 钢丝， 还可以是适宜厚度的型钢 （如园型、 方型、 角钢、 工字钢、 槽钢等）、 管钢 （如园管、 方管、 异型管等） 等或金属纤维 （如硼纤维及铝、 钛、 钙等金属晶须等）； 有机和无机增强型材包括无机纤维 （如玻璃纤维、 碳纤维、 晶须、 石英纤维、 石墨纤维及陶瓷纤维等）或型材， 有机纤维（如 PAN纤维、 聚乙烯纤维、 PA纤维、 PC纤维、 PVA 纤维及聚酯纤维等） 或型材， 优选便于连续生产的编织片状结构或绞股增强纤维。
本发明所述增强骨架 4为板状、 管状的整体型材， 或者是多个板状、 条形、 管状、 线形或束 状型材间隔组配在一起形成的。 即多个型材纵向排列、横向排列， 或者是纵向和横向交叉编织成片 状。 多个型材间距排列在保证强度的前提下可节约材料、 降低成本和增强缓冲作用。
板状的型材的宽度和长度与热塑复合板宽度和长度相适应， 不能过窄、 过短起不到支撑和抗 冲击的作用。 选择宽度较窄的分布单独条形的其他结构例如圆钢、 钢丝、 扁钢、 窄钢带、 增强纤维 时， 可以根据需要将型材平行、 绞股等多种方式排布形成增强骨架 4。
所述增强骨架 4在热塑复合板中的重量百分比按增强骨架 4的拉伸强度大小不同为 10%〜90%， 结合层 3厚度为 0.1〜0.25mm， 所述缓冲层 2厚度为 0.5cm〜3cm， 特殊的顶板位置缓冲层 2的厚度 可以是该厚度的 1.5〜2倍。远大于结合层 3和防护层 1的厚度，所述防护层 1厚度为大于 0.8mm， 材料厚度主要取决于复合板的强度要求和抗冲击柔性、 耐冲击破碎等功能要求和所用材料特性。 基板 10、 波形板 20采用如图 8、 9所示的三层的热塑复合板， 还可以采用如图 7所示的两层 结构的热塑复合板。 除了上述结构外， 波形板 20另一种实施方式还可以是： 增强骨架 4外侧设有 热塑材料层、 增强骨架 4内侧设有防护层， 即在朝向道路的波形板 20外侧设有热塑材料层， 背向 道路的波形板 20内侧只设置防护层。
如图 7所示， 所述热塑复合板为由外部的抗老化耐磨的防护层 1、 防护层 1内柔韧抗冲击且无 破碎的缓冲层 2复合在一起不分离的二层结构；或者所述热塑复合板还可以为只包括粘接附着在增 强骨架 4上的结合层 3和防护层 1的二层结构。
缓冲层 2是整个热塑复合板主体结构，整个护栏板的拦截和缓冲功能是通过缓冲层 2实现的， 因此缓冲层 2的材料必须是抗冲击能力较强并具有一定柔韧性和弹性的高分子材料。实际选择过程 中，可按护栏的防撞等级并综合考虑经济成本，选择软而柔韧的基体树脂和适当加入高抗冲击树脂、 橡胶弹性体、 刚性填料以及发泡剂、 阻燃剂制成。
相对于防护层 1， 缓冲层 2厚度较厚， 缓冲层 2厚度可根据围护的场地要求不同而不同并综 合考虑经济成本， 一般用于道路护栏的缓冲层优选厚度在 0.5cm〜3cm。 还可选择缓冲层厚度高于 3cm0
所述防护层 1为复合在缓冲层外且具有抗老化性能的高分子材料制成。 防护层 1主要作用是 对内层材料的防护， 优先解决是整个护栏板最外层材料易老化、磨损的问题， 因此需选用柔韧、 耐 磨损的基础树脂材料， 在基础树脂材料中添加抗氧化剂、光稳定剂等抗老化材料， 还可以添加抗菌 剂、纳米自洁材料保持其卫生清洁， 还可以添加提高刚度及耐磨性的辅料。 防护层 1的材料中还包 含美观醒目的配色、以及光致发光材料。需要时，防护层 1也可包含增强材料表面可印刷性的材料。 防护层 1的厚度一般不厚， 在 0.5〜lmm即可。
如图 8、 9所示， 所述热塑材料层为复合在一起不分离的三层结构， 由内到外依次为粘接附着 在增强骨架 4上的结合层 3、 柔韧抗冲击且无破碎的缓冲层 2和抗老化耐磨的防护层 1。
所述结合层 3为与增强骨架 4和缓冲层 2的材料化学特性相容并相互粘结的粘合性树脂材料。 结合层 3所选用的粘合性树脂材料同时对增强骨架 4的材料和缓冲层 2的高分子材料有粘结的作用， 结合层 3选材时同时考虑缓冲层 2和增强骨架 4的材料和性质，由于本发明增强骨架 4的选材为金 属、其他无机材料或有机材料， 缓冲层 2选择高分子材料， 则结合层 3就选择对金属、无机材料和 有机材料、 高分子材料等多种材料均具有良好的粘接性能， 且能与增强骨架 4、 高分子材料制成的 缓冲层 2紧密粘接复合在一起的任何材料。例如缓冲层 2采用聚烯烃 (PO)类材料， 如聚丙烯（PP) 与线性聚乙烯 （LLDPE) 共混、 增强骨架 4选择为钢带时， 结合层 3可以选用聚乙烯， 也可以选 用乙烯丙烯酸共聚物或其他与金属和聚烯烃类塑料完全相容的材料，如图 6所示，对于单独一件金 属型材或高分子材料型材的增强骨架 4，结合层 3就结合在该金属型材或高分子材料型材的外表面， 如图 8所示， 如果选择多件型材排列组合形成的增强骨架 4， 则每个裸露外表的型材的表面都结合 有结合层 3。
所述缓冲层 2包覆所述结合层 3外且由抗冲击无破碎的高分子材料制成。 缓冲层 2与图 7中 的热塑复合板中的缓冲层 2材料相同， 在此不再赘述。
所述防护层 1为复合在缓冲层 2外且具有抗老化性能的高分子材料制成。 防护层 1优先克服 材料易老化、 磨损的缺陷。 防护层 1与图 7中热塑复合板中的防护层 1材料相同， 在此不再赘述。
热塑复合板选用只有粘接附着在增强骨架 4上的结合层和防护层时， 主要用于不接触碰撞的 位置， 例如波形板 20或基板 10背向道路的内侧。
如图 1〜6所示， 基板 10—般通过连接孔 50与间隔设置的防阻块连接， 防阻块 100与固定在 地面上的立柱连接形成护栏。防阻块 100的作用是防止立柱对车辆顺护栏板滑行的阻绊， 防止车身 与立柱相撞后产生突然停止的危险， 或者反弹造成严重的后果。 所述基板 10为板状结构， 可以是 平板、 弧形板、 中空板、 异形板等各种板型。
所述基板 10上沿护栏板长度方向即基板 10纵向间隔开有用于与防阻块 100或立柱 200可拆卸 固定连接的连接孔 50， 连接孔 50的位置不作限定， 优选设置在基板 10的中轴线上。 波形板 20侧 壁即内侧壁板 23和外侧壁板 21上同样开有连接孔 50，该连接孔 50的作用是使定长切断制成的护 栏板相互搭接或通过连接件相互拼接成连续梁结构。基板 10上的连接孔 50设置在热塑复合板的增 强骨架 4上， 以保证护栏板与防阻块 100的连接强度， 并能在整个立柱 200开始向下倒伏时， 使 护栏板与立柱 200脱离以防止护栏板随立柱 200倒伏， 造成失控车辆冲出护栏。
为了防止湿气从连接孔 50内进入到增强骨架 4处造成易腐蚀材料制成的增强骨架 4锈蚀损坏， 采用易腐蚀材料制成的增强骨架 4时， 所述连接孔 50中对应易腐蚀材料的增强骨架 4的切口处包 覆有热塑材料层， 即所述连接孔 50内的增强骨架 4裸露处包覆有热塑材料层。 将增强骨架 4完全 包覆在热塑材料层的内部， 防止其锈蚀损坏。
以下列举几个具体实施方式， 将上述基板 10、 波形板 20的设置和排布进行具体描述： 实施例 1、 如图 1所示的波形护栏板中， 基板 10为平板状的热塑复合板， 基板 10的中轴线上 间隔开有多个连接孔 50， 连接孔 50内穿装有螺栓 11将防阻块 100和立柱 200固定连接在一起。 在基板 10横向两端分别延伸有波形板 20， 所述基板 10与所述波形板 20为一体结构， 所述波形板 20向基板 10板面的同侧突出并超出基板 10板面， 所述基板 10平滑过渡到波形板 20; 所述基板 10和波形板 20都在护栏板长度方向上延伸， 所述基板 10和波形板 20为热塑复合板， 所述热塑复 合板包括增强骨架 4， 在所述增强骨架 4外包覆有热塑材料层。 所述基板 10横向两侧的波形板 20 都分别是至少有一个波峰的波形板 20，所述波形板 20的波峰沿基板 10纵向延伸形成向外的凸棱。 本实施例中基板 10—侧的波形板 20中只有一个波峰， 形成一个半波形结构。 所述波形板 20包括 波峰的顶板 22和顶板 22两侧逐步向波谷延伸的内侧壁板 23和外侧壁板 21， 所述内侧壁板 23与 基板 10成一体结构。 在波形板 20的侧壁上开有连接孔 50， 即在内侧壁板 23和外侧壁板 21上分 别间隔开有连接孔 50，该连接孔 50用于使定长切断制成的护栏板相互搭接或通过连接件相互拼接 成连续梁结构。
波形板 20和基板 10都采用热塑复合板，波形板 20和基板 10中的增强骨架 4为不间断的一体 结构型材， 增强骨架 4优选采用为冷轧成型的增强金属带。增强金属带优选为钢材、铝材或其他适 用的金属材料。增强骨架 4在顶板 22部分成型为拱形结构，拱形的顶板 22也同样是向道路方向突 出的拱形。
增强骨架 4内侧、 外侧的热塑材料层都采用三层结构， 包括结合层、 缓冲层、 防护层。 增强骨 架 4 内侧的热塑材料层还可省略为只有一层防护层。 为了增加缓冲性能， 朝向道路的增强骨架 4 外侧包覆的缓冲层厚度尤其是顶板 22中缓冲层的厚度为其它位置的 1.5〜2倍以上。
波形板 20的外侧壁板 21延伸有变角度的凸缘板 30，凸缘板 30向基板 10的中轴线方向弯折， 所述凸缘板 30也为热塑复合板， 热塑复合板具体结构与外侧壁板 21相同， 凸缘板 30中的增强骨 架 4与外侧壁板 21形状和结构相同， 二者一体结构， 即凸缘板 30中增强骨架 4是外侧壁板 21延 伸得到。
连接孔 50内补有热塑材料层 41将增强骨架 4封闭起来。
在上述结构的基础上， 增强骨架 4实施方式的另一种是： 所述增强骨架 4由两层间隔设置的 板状型材组成， 二者之间填充有缓冲材料， 缓冲材料为发泡料或弹性料。发泡料为的泡沫塑料、发 泡橡胶， 弹性料为橡胶、 减震棉等。
实施例 2、 如图 2所示的护栏板是实施例 1的基础上进行的改进， 即波形板 20的顶板 22由向 外突出的拱形改为一字形， 顶板 22中热塑材料层中缓冲层厚度是其它位置的 1.5〜2倍。本实施例 中未设置凸缘板 30， 在外侧壁板 21的边缘的热塑材料层为半圆柱状的。其余结构同实施例 1在此 不再赘述。
实施例 3、 如图 3所示的护栏板是实施例 2的基础上进行的改进， 基板 10保持不变， 波形板 20中的顶板 22中增强骨架 4为 M形或 V形。 其凹陷处被热塑材料层的缓冲层填平， 此处的缓冲 层厚度是其它位置的 1.5〜2倍。 这样的顶板 22结构使得顶板 22处增强骨架 4外侧的热塑材料层 厚度大大增加， 强化了顶板 22的柔韧性和缓冲能力。 其余结构同实施例 2在此不再赘述。
实施例 4、 如图 4所示的护栏板是实施例 1的基础上进行的改进， 基板 10保持不变， 基板 10 与波形板 20中增强骨架 4也同样是一体结构， 只是波形板 20中的顶板 22中增强骨架 4的形状变 为倒放的 Ω形。其凹陷处被热塑材料层的缓冲层填平，此处的缓冲层厚度是其它位置的 1.5〜2倍。 这样的顶板 22结构使得顶板 22处整体的热塑材料层厚度大增加， 强化了顶板 22的柔韧性和缓冲 能力。 且该形状的增强骨架 4受到撞击首先展开， 其余结构同实施例 1在此不再赘述。
实施例 5、如图 5所示的护栏板是实施例 1的基础上进行的改进， 包括平板结构的基板 10。波 形板 20中顶板 22的外形为拱形， 顶板 22内的增强骨架 4是由多个组配型材排布而成的 T形的结 构， 组配型材为绞股型材或截面为圆形、多边形等形状的条状型材， 绞股型材是多根线形材料绞合 在一起形成的。组配型材排布数量根据波形板 20形状而定，可可多可少，一般要在顶部排布多组， 形成截面为弧形或直线的排布， 本实施例中采用绞股型材， 顶板 22中间隔排布四组绞股型材， 下 方排布两组绞股型材， 顶部的四组为截面为直线排布的形式， 也可以是排布成弧形， 与顶板 22外 形相同。 组配型材的 T形排布形成顶板 22部分的增强骨架 4， 组配型材周围包裹有热塑材料层。 热塑材料层为包括结合层、缓冲层和防护层的三层结构，也可以只包含缓冲层和防护层的两层结构。
基板 10中和波形板 20的外侧壁板 21、 内侧壁板 23中的增强骨架 4为板状或带状结构， 与顶 板 22内 T形结构上部的组配型材顺次排布，形成平滑过渡。基板 10中和波形板 20的外侧壁板 21、 内侧壁板 23中的增强骨架 4采用加厚型材，提高了强度，特别是设置连接孔 50的位置增加更多厚 度。另外， 为了增强基板 10强度， 基板 10中的增强骨架 4厚度大于波形板 20的外侧壁板 21和内 侧壁板 23中增强骨架 4的厚度。 增强骨架 4优选金属型材， 例如钢带、 钢板、 铝带、 铝板、 合金 板等。
本实施例中外侧壁板 21延伸有凸缘板 30， 凸缘板 30中增强骨架 4为多组的绞股型材或截面 为圆形或多边形等形状的条状型材排布形成， 本实施例中在凸缘板 30中设置两组绞股型材， 两组 绞股型材间隔设置，它们外部设有热塑材料层。在基板 10和内侧壁板 23连接处设有至少一组绞股 型材、截面为圆形或多边形等形状的条状型材， 该处的采用的型材尺寸规格加大， 用于强化该处的 强度和柔韧性。 本实施例中优选一组绞股型材。 其余结构同实施例 1在此不再赘述。
实施例 6、 如图 6所示的护栏板是实施例 5的基础上进行的改进， 基板 10保持不变， 波形板 20中的顶板 22中增强骨架 4为绞股型材、 截面为圆形或多边形等形状的条状型材排布形成的 M 形或 V形。 在基板 10与内侧壁板 23连接处设有至少一组绞股型材、 截面为圆形或多边形等形状 的条状型材， 型材的排布成弧形， 该处采用的型材尺寸规格加大， 用于强化该处的强度和柔韧性。 本实施例中优选三组绞股型材间隔排布。
本实施例中由于采用了顶板增强骨架 4的凹陷处被热塑材料层的缓冲层填平，此处的缓冲层厚 度是其它位置的 1.5〜2倍。 这样的顶板 22结构使得顶板 22处增强骨架 4外侧的热塑材料层厚度 大大增加， 强化了顶板 22的柔韧性和缓冲能力。 组配型材周围包裹有热塑材料层。 热塑材料层为 包括结合层、 缓冲层和防护层的三层结构， 也可以只包含缓冲层和防护层的两层结构。
其余结构同实施例 5在此不再赘述。

Claims

1、 一种波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 包括与防阻块或立柱固定连接的基板， 在基板横向两端分 别延伸有波形板， 所述基板与所述波形板为一体结构， 所述波形板向基板板面的同侧突出并 超出基板板面，所述基板平滑过渡到波形板；所述基板和波形板都在护栏板长度方向上延伸， 所述基板和波形板都分别为热塑复合板， 所述热塑复合板包括增强骨架， 在所述增强骨架外 包覆有热塑材料层。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的波形护栏板，其特征在于，所述基板横向两端的波形板都分别是至 少有一个波峰的波形板， 所述波形板的波峰沿基板纵向延伸形成向外的凸棱。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的波形护栏板，其特征在于，所述基板横向两端的波形板关于基板中 轴线对称设置， 在基板中轴线上和波形板的侧壁上开有连接孔。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的波形护栏板，其特征在于，所述波形板包括波峰的顶板和顶板两侧 逐步向波谷延伸的内侧壁板和外侧壁板， 所述内侧壁板与基板成一体结构。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述外侧壁板向外延伸有凸缘板， 所述 凸缘板向基板的中轴线方向弯折， 所述凸缘板为热塑复合板。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述基板与波形板中的增强骨架为不 间断的一体结构型材。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的波形护栏板，其特征在于，所述波形板的顶板内增强骨架的横截面 形状为拱形、 M形、 一字形、 V形或者是倒放 Ω形。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述基板、波形板内的增强骨架包括多 个间隔设置的组配型材。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的波形护栏板，其特征在于，所述波形板内间隔设置有多个组配型材， 所述波形板的顶板内组配型材排布成横截面为拱形、 T形、 M形、 V形或倒放的 Ω形的增强 骨架。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述波形板的外侧壁板和内侧壁板为 板状的增强骨架， 所述基板与内侧壁板之间的转接部分设有加厚加大的条形型材或绞股型材， 所述基板内的增强骨架为加厚型材。
11、 根据权利要求 3所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述连接孔内的增强骨架裸露处包覆 有热塑材料层。
12、 根据权利要求 1〜11任意一项所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述热塑复合板的热塑 材料层为复合在一起不分离的两层结构或三层结构；
所述的两层结构是内层的柔韧抗冲击且无破碎的缓冲层、 外层的抗老化耐磨的防护层； 或 者所述的两层结构是粘接附着在增强骨架上的结合层和防护层；
所述三层结构是由内到外依次为粘接附着在增强骨架上的结合层、柔韧抗冲击且无破碎的 缓冲层和抗老化耐磨的防护层。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述结合层为与增强骨架和缓冲层 的化学特性相容并相互粘结的粘合性树脂材料； 所述缓冲层由柔韧且冲击无破碎的高分子材 料制成； 所述防护层为具有抗老化性能的高分子材料制成。
14、 根据权利要求 1〜11任意一项所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述增强骨架是选择拉 伸强度远高于热塑材料层的型材；所述增强骨架的拉伸强度与热塑材料层的拉伸强度之比为 1 : 10-1： 150。
15、 根据权利要求 1〜11任意一项所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述热塑复合板的热塑 材料层与增强骨架之间无间隙复合成一体，在 20°C ± 5 °C条件下，增强骨架与热塑材料层之间 的剥离强度大于 75N/cm。
16、 根据权利要求 1〜11任意一项所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述波形板中的增强骨 架外侧设有热塑材料层、 增强骨架内侧设有防护层。
17、 根据权利要求 1〜11任意一项所述的波形护栏板， 其特征在于， 所述增强骨架由两层间 隔设置的板状型材组成， 二者之间填充有缓冲材料。
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