WO2013102332A1 - 一种插拔销机构、插销式伸缩臂及起重机 - Google Patents

一种插拔销机构、插销式伸缩臂及起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013102332A1
WO2013102332A1 PCT/CN2012/074250 CN2012074250W WO2013102332A1 WO 2013102332 A1 WO2013102332 A1 WO 2013102332A1 CN 2012074250 W CN2012074250 W CN 2012074250W WO 2013102332 A1 WO2013102332 A1 WO 2013102332A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pin
cylinder
arm
telescopic
boom
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PCT/CN2012/074250
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄丰杰
阳平
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一汽车起重机械有限公司
任利有
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Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一汽车起重机械有限公司, 任利有 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2013102332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013102332A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/22Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with tiltable platforms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/065Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plug-in pin mechanism, a pin-type telescopic arm and a crane.
  • the application request is submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on January 4, 2012, and the application number is 201210000683.1.
  • the priority of the Chinese Patent Application the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a plug-and-pin mechanism, a pin-type telescopic arm and a crane.
  • the telescopic arm has only one telescopic cylinder, and the movable end of the telescopic cylinder is provided with a cylinder head, and two cylinder pins are provided on opposite sides of the cylinder head.
  • the central axes of the two cylinder pins are coplanar with the central axis of the telescoping cylinder, and the telescoping cylinders selectively lock or release their relative positions with either of the telescoping arms when the cylinder pins are extended or retracted.
  • an arm pin is disposed between the adjacent telescopic arms and between the basic arm and the first telescopic arm, and the arm pin is disposed on the top side of the arm, between the adjacent telescopic arms and the basic arm and The relative position between the first section telescopic arms can be selectively locked or released by the arm pins.
  • the telescopic cylinder can be first locked with the last telescopic arm, and at the same time, the telescopic arm and the penultimate telescopic arm are released by the retracting arm pin, and the telescopic cylinder can take the telescopic arm out; the telescopic arm reaches the predetermined position. Then re-lock it with the penultimate section telescopic arm, retract the telescopic cylinder and lock it with the penultimate section telescopic arm, and then release the penultimate section telescopic arm and the penultimate section of the telescopic arm.
  • the telescopic cylinder can take out the penultimate section of the telescopic arm, and so on, the extension of each section of the telescopic arm can be realized.
  • the insertion and removal of the cylinder pin and the arm pin are generally controlled by two sets of cylinders.
  • a fork, a dovetail groove and the like are generally adopted to ensure that the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder cannot simultaneously operate. That is, when the piston rod of the arm pin cylinder moves downward, the dovetail groove structure and the fork move downward together, and the cylinder pin is locked while the arm pin is unlocked, thereby preventing the cylinder pin from being mishandled.
  • the present invention aims to provide a plug-and-pin mechanism, a pin-type telescopic arm and a crane to solve the problem that the conventional plug-and-pin mechanism is too complicated in structure and the machining process and installation accuracy are too high.
  • the present invention provides a plug pin mechanism including a telescopic cylinder disposed in the telescopic arm, a movable end of the telescopic cylinder is provided with a cylinder head, and both sides of the cylinder head are provided
  • the cylinder pin that is locked with the telescopic arm also includes:
  • An arm pin slidably disposed on a side wall of the telescopic arm for locking with another telescopic arm when the slide is extended;
  • the swinging rod is fixedly coupled to the side wall of the telescopic arm, one end of which is connected to the arm pin, and the other end is urged by the cylinder pin.
  • the returning mechanism is a first spring disposed around the circumferential direction of the arm pin, one end of which is connected to the arm pin and the other end of which is connected to the side wall of the telescopic arm.
  • one end of the swinging rod is provided with an elongated hole
  • the arm pin is provided with a pin
  • the swinging rod and the arm pin are hinged through the elongated hole and the pin.
  • the cylinder pin is provided with an axially slidable ram, and the ejector pushes the other end of the oscillating rod when extended.
  • the other end of the swinging rod is provided with an arc-shaped force receiving groove for contacting with the protruding end of the jack.
  • a locking mechanism is disposed between the cylinder head, the cylinder pin and the jack, and the locking mechanism comprises:
  • first positioning body and a second positioning body slidably disposed in the mounting hole, wherein the first positioning body and the second positioning body are connected by a second spring;
  • the first limiting slot for receiving the first positioning body, the first limiting slot is disposed on an inner wall of the cylinder head facing the cylinder pin;
  • the second limiting slot for receiving the second positioning body, the second limiting slot is disposed on an outer wall of the jack facing the cylinder pin. Further, the extending direction of the arm pin and the extending direction of the cylinder pin are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the pendulum.
  • the side wall of the telescopic arm is provided with an arm pin chute, a swinging area and a cylinder pin receiving area, and the arm pin is disposed in the arm pin chute, and the swing rod is disposed in the swinging region.
  • the cylinder pin is located within the cylinder pin receiving area when extended.
  • the present invention also provides a pin type telescopic arm, the pin type telescopic arm includes a basic arm and at least one telescopic arm sleeved in the basic arm, wherein any one of the telescopic arms is provided
  • the insertion and removal pin mechanism according to any of the above.
  • the present invention also provides a crane provided with the above-described pin type telescopic arm.
  • the invention provides a plug pin mechanism, a pin telescopic arm and a crane, which are provided with an arm pin, a returning mechanism and a lever between the cylinder pin and the arm pin on the side wall of the telescopic arm on both sides of the cylinder pin
  • the acting pendulum rod is such that when the cylinder pin is in the extended state (ie, the cylinder pin is in the locked state), the arm pin is in the retracted state, and when the cylinder pin is in the retracted state, the arm pin is in the extended state under the action of the return mechanism (ie The arm pin is in a locked state, thereby switching back and forth between the locked state of the cylinder pin and the locked state of the arm pin, so that not only the structural tube is arranged, but also the assembly is easy, and the required components are reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty in processing the components such as the cylinder head.
  • the mounting precision of the components such as the arm pin is also reduced; further, an axially slidable ram is provided in the cylinder pin, and the protruding end of the ram provides a driving force for the other end of the swing lever, thereby
  • the extension state of the ram is switched back and forth with the locked state of the arm pin, and a locking mechanism is arranged between the cylinder head, the cylinder pin and the ejector pin to realize the interlock function, so as to avoid the arm pin incomplete When the cylinder pin is fully retracted, greatly improving the security of stretching process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a plug-in pin mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a structural view of the plug-in pin mechanism shown in Figure 1 (the cylinder pin is not extended);
  • Figure 3 is the plug-in pin mechanism shown in Figure 2 when the cylinder pin is in the extended state (the jack is not extended) Schematic diagram of the time;
  • FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of the plug-in pin mechanism shown in FIG. 3 when the jack is in an extended state
  • FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of the latch mechanism of the plug-and-pin mechanism shown in FIG. 1 in a first state
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the locking mechanism of the plug-in pin mechanism shown in Figure 1 in the second state.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the locking mechanism of the insertion/discharge pin mechanism shown in Fig. 1 in the third state.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a plug-in pin mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is another view of the plug-in pin mechanism shown in FIG. 1 (the cylinder pin is not extended)
  • FIG. 3 is a structural schematic view of the plug pin mechanism shown in FIG. 2 when the cylinder pin is in an extended state (the top rod is not extended)
  • FIG. 4 is the plug pin mechanism shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view showing the locking mechanism of the plug-in pin mechanism shown in FIG. 1 in a first state
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the locking mechanism of the plug-in pin mechanism shown in FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the locking mechanism of the plug-and-pin mechanism shown in FIG. 1 in a third state.
  • the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the corresponding drawings, and it should be noted that the orientation words (such as left and right, etc.) referred to below are based on the scenarios shown in the drawings.
  • the insertion and extraction pin mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a cylinder head 1, a cylinder pin 2, a swing rod 3, a fixed shaft 4, an arm pin 5, a returning mechanism 6, and the like. , among them:
  • the cylinder head 1 is fixed to a movable end of a telescopic cylinder (not shown).
  • the telescopic cylinder is disposed in the telescopic arm 100, and the movable end thereof can push the cylinder head 1 to move back and forth in the telescopic arm 100; the cylinder pin 2 is disposed in the cylinder Both sides of the head 1 can protrude or retract in the direction of both sides of the cylinder head 1.
  • the cylinder head 1 is provided with a cylinder pin cylinder to control the extension or retraction of the cylinder pin 2, when the cylinder head 1 moves, The cylinder pin 2 is in the retracted state.
  • a ejector cylinder (not shown) may be disposed on the ram 7 as needed to control the extension or retraction of the ram 7;
  • Two box-shaped bodies are formed on the two side walls of the tail portion 101 of the telescopic arm 100.
  • the two box-shaped bodies are substantially symmetrically disposed on both sides of the cylinder head 1.
  • Each of the box-shaped bodies includes an arm pin chute that is vertically connected in sequence. 50.
  • the telescopic arm 100 is locked with the adjacent other telescopic arm, and the swing lever 3 is hinged to the swinging region 30 through the fixed shaft 4, and the cylinder pin receiving area 20 is for receiving the extended cylinder pin 2 and the top Rod 7;
  • the moving direction of the arm pin 5 and the extending direction of the red pin 2 are substantially perpendicular to the axis of the fixed shaft 4; one end (upper end) of the swinging rod 3 is provided with an elongated hole 31, and one end of the arm pin 5 is provided with a pin 51, pendulum One end of the rod 3 and one end of the arm pin 5 are hinged through the elongated hole 31 and the pin 51; the other end (lower end) of the swing rod 3 is provided with an arc-shaped force receiving groove 32 for being pushed by the protruding end of the jack 7;
  • the returning mechanism 6 is for holding the arm pin 5 in an extended state.
  • the returning mechanism 6 is specifically a first spring, which is disposed around the circumferential direction of the arm pin 5, one end thereof and the arm pin 5 Connected to the other end to the side wall of the tail 101.
  • the cylinder head 1 is first moved to the tail portion 101 of the telescopic arm 100 through the telescopic cylinder (as shown in FIG. 2), and then the cylinder pin cylinder is controlled to extend the cylinder pin 2 ( As shown in Fig. 3, the cylinder head 1 and the telescopic arm 100 are locked, and then the top rod cylinder is extended to project the jack 7 (as shown in Fig. 4), so that the protruding end of the jack 7 contacts the curved force.
  • the groove 32 generates a driving force for the lower end of the swinging rod 3, so that the swinging rod 3 swings around the fixed shaft 4 under the driving force, and the upper end of the swinging rod 3 moves in the direction of approaching the cylinder head 1, thereby driving the arm pin.
  • the cylinder pin 2 is prevented from being fully retracted when the arm pin 5 is not fully extended, and the corresponding locking mechanism can also be provided for the cylinder pin 2 and the jack 7 Referring to Figures 5, 6, and 7, as shown, the locking mechanism includes:
  • the mounting hole 13 is disposed on the cylinder pin 2;
  • a first positioning body 12 and a second positioning body 15 slidably disposed in the mounting hole 13, the first positioning body 12 and the second positioning body 15 are connected by the second spring 14; a first limiting slot 11 for receiving the first positioning body 12, the first limiting slot 11 is disposed on an inner wall of the cylinder head 1 facing the cylinder pin 2;
  • a second limiting slot 16 for receiving the second positioning body 15 is disposed on an outer wall of the jack 7 facing the cylinder pin 2 , the second limiting slot 16 is offset from the first limiting slot 11 by a distance.
  • the cylinder pin 2 is in the fully extended state, and the cylinder head 1 is locked with the telescopic arm 100, since the first positioning body 12 is subjected to The limit of the first limiting slot 1 1 , the second positioning body 15 is limited by the second limiting slot 16 , the cylinder pin 2 is in a non-extendable state relative to the cylinder head 1 , and the jack 7 is at a position relative to the cylinder pin 2 In the non-extendable state, the arm pin 5 is still in the locked state. If the second positioning body 15 is controlled to be disengaged from the second limiting slot 16, the ejector 7 can be extended to the state shown in FIG.
  • the arm Pin 5 is retracted (in unlocked state), ejector 7 is in retractable state, but cylinder 2 is still locked.
  • the jack 7 is retracted into the cylinder pin 2 (shown in Figure 2), the arm pin 5 is extended, and then the first positioning body 12 is controlled to be disengaged from the first limiting slot 11 by the control.
  • the cylinder pin 2 is retracted into the cylinder head 1. During the whole process, the cylinder pin 2 is completely retracted when the arm pin 5 is not fully extended.
  • the return mechanism 6 is a first spring, but in other embodiments, other elastic members well known to those skilled in the art may be used as the return mechanism.
  • the arrangement of the first spring is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment 5, for example, one end of the first spring may be connected to the lower end of the swing rod 3, and the other end may be connected to the side wall of the telescopic arm 100.
  • the direction of the force of the lower end of the rod 3 is opposite to the direction of the pushing force of the jack 7.
  • the arm pin chute 50 is substantially a straight groove, and the arm pin 50 slides in the arm pin chute 50, and one end thereof is connected to the elongated hole at the upper end of the swing rod 3 through a pin.
  • an arc groove may be adopted as needed, and the radius of curvature of the arc groove is substantially equal to the swing radius of the upper end of the swing rod 3, and at this time, the upper end of the swing rod 3 can directly pass through the round hole and the arm pin. 5 articulated.
  • the cylinder pin 2 is in contact with the lower end of the swing rod 3 through the jack 7, but in other embodiments, the cylinder pin 2 may be directly used to contact the lower end of the swing rod 3 as needed. There is no need to provide a jack 7 (and a corresponding locking mechanism), i.e., the cylinder pin 2 causes the swing lever 3 to oscillate while extending, thereby causing the arm pin 5 to retract.
  • the moving direction of the arm pin 5 and the extending direction of the cylinder pin 2 are substantially perpendicular to the axis of the fixed shaft 4, but in other embodiments, the movement of the arm pin 5 may be performed as needed.
  • the direction and the extending direction of the cylinder pin 2 are substantially at an angle to the axis of the fixed shaft 4, as long as the respective functions described above can be performed; further, in the above embodiment, the axis of the fixed shaft 4 is substantially parallel to the telescopic arm 100.
  • the axis may be at an angle to the extending direction of the telescopic arm 100 as needed, so that the above various functions can also be realized; further, in the above embodiment, the cylinder pin 2
  • the axis is substantially parallel to the axis of the arm pin 5, but in other embodiments, the axis of the cylinder pin 2 may be angled with the axis of the arm pin 5 as needed, as long as the various functions described above are not affected.
  • the main body of the insertion/discharge pin mechanism is disposed at the tail portion 101 of the telescopic arm 100, but in other embodiments, it may be disposed at other positions of the telescopic arm 100 as needed.
  • An insertion and extraction pin mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention is provided with an arm pin, a returning mechanism, and a swing lever for leverping between the jack and the arm pin of the cylinder pin on the two side walls of the tail end of the telescopic arm
  • the arm pin is in the retracted state
  • the arm pin is in the extended state by the return mechanism.
  • the arm pin is in a locked state
  • the assembly is facilitated, and the required parts are reduced, thereby reducing the parts such as the cylinder head.
  • the difficulty of processing also reduces the installation accuracy of components such as the arm pin; in addition, a locking mechanism is provided between the cylinder head, the cylinder pin and the ejector pin to realize the interlock function to avoid the cylinder pin when the arm pin is not fully extended. Complete recovery, greatly improving the safety of the telescopic process.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a latch type telescopic arm, comprising: a basic arm and at least one telescopic arm sleeved in the basic arm, wherein a tail portion of any of the telescopic arms is provided with the plugging and unplugging
  • a latch type telescopic arm comprising: a basic arm and at least one telescopic arm sleeved in the basic arm, wherein a tail portion of any of the telescopic arms is provided with the plugging and unplugging

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

公开了一种插拔销机构、插销式伸缩臂及起重机。该插拔销机构包括设于伸缩臂(100)内的伸缩油缸,所述伸缩油缸的活动端设有缸头(1),所述缸头(1)的两侧设有用于与伸缩臂(100)锁定的缸销(2),所述插拔销机构还包括:臂销(5),可滑动地设于伸缩臂(100)的侧壁上,用于在滑动伸出时与另一伸缩臂锁定;回位机构(6),用于将所述臂销(5)保持在伸出状态;摆杆(3),定轴铰接于伸缩臂(100)的侧壁上,其一端与所述臂销(5)相连,另一端可受到所述缸销(2)的推动。该插拔销机构通过在伸缩臂尾部的两侧壁上设置臂销、回位机构以及起杠杆作用的摆杆,使得当缸销的顶杆处于伸出状态时臂销处于收回状态,当缸销的顶杆处于收回状态时臂销处于伸出状态,从而实现缸销的锁定状态与臂销的锁定状态的来回切换。该机构不仅结构简单,便于装配,而且所需零部件减少,既降低了缸头等零部件加工难度,也降低了臂销等零部件的安装精度。

Description

一种插拔销机构、 插销式伸缩臂及起重机 本申请要求于 2012 年 01 月 04 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210000683.1、 发明名称为 "一种插拔销机构、插销式伸缩臂及起重机" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械技术领域, 特别是涉及一种插拔销机构、 插销式 伸缩臂及起重机。
背景技术
近年来出现了一种单缸插销式伸缩臂,这种伸缩臂只有一个伸缩油缸, 且该伸缩油缸的活动端设有缸头, 缸头的两侧设有相对应的两个缸销, 该 两个缸销的中心轴与所述伸缩油缸的中心轴共面, 所述伸缩油缸可在上述 缸销伸出或者收回时选择性地锁定或者释放其与任一节伸缩臂的相对位 置。 此外, 相邻的各节伸缩臂之间以及基本臂与第一伸缩臂之间均设有臂 销, 该臂销设于臂部的顶侧上, 相邻的伸缩臂之间以及基本臂与第一节伸 缩臂之间的相对位置可通过该臂销选择性地锁定或者释放。
所述伸缩油缸可以首先与末节伸缩臂锁定, 同时通过收回臂销将末节 伸缩臂与倒数第二节伸缩臂释放,此时所述伸缩油缸可将末节伸缩臂带出; 末节伸缩臂到达预定位置后将其与倒数第二节伸缩臂重新锁定, 收回所述 伸缩油缸并将其与倒数第二节伸缩臂锁定, 接着将倒数第二节伸缩臂与倒 数第三节伸缩臂释放, 此时所述伸缩油缸可将倒数第二节伸缩臂带出, 依 次类推即可实现各节伸缩臂的依次伸出。
在上述方案中, 缸销和臂销的插拔动作一般通过两组油缸予以控制, 为了防止系统误操作, 通常采用拨叉、 燕尾槽等结构以保证缸销油缸和臂 销油缸不能同时动作, 即当臂销油缸的活塞杆向下动作时带动燕尾槽结构 和拨叉一起向下动作, 在臂销解锁的同时对缸销进行锁死, 防止缸销误操 作。
但这种插拔销机构的结构较为复杂, 对缸头等零部件的加工工艺要求 较高, 且对臂销等零部件的安装精度的要求非常高。 因此, 如何针对现有 的插拔销机构进行改进, 以更加适应使用需要, 是本领域技术人员亟待解 决的技术难题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明旨在提出一种插拔销机构、插销式伸缩臂和起重机, 以解决现有的插拔销机构因结构过于复杂进而造成加工工艺和安装精度过 高的问题。
一方面, 本发明提供了一种插拔销机构, 该插拔销机构包括设于伸缩 臂内的伸缩油缸, 所述伸缩油缸的活动端设有缸头, 所述缸头的两侧设有 用于与伸缩臂锁定的缸销, 还包括:
臂销, 可滑动地设于伸缩臂的侧壁上, 用于在滑动伸出时与另一伸缩 臂锁定;
回位机构, 用于将所述臂销保持在伸出状态;
摆杆, 定轴铰接于伸缩臂的侧壁上, 其一端与所述臂销相连, 另一端 可受到所述缸销的推动。
进一步地, 所述回位机构为第一弹簧, 该第一弹簧围绕布置于所述臂 销的周向上, 其一端与臂销相连, 另一端与伸缩臂的侧壁相连。
进一步地, 所述摆杆的一端设有长形孔, 所述臂销上设有销釘, 所述 摆杆与所述臂销通过该长形孔及该销釘铰接。
进一步地, 所述缸销内设有可轴向滑动的顶杆, 所述顶杆在伸出时推 动所述摆杆的另一端。
进一步地, 所述摆杆的另一端设有弧形受力槽, 用于与所述顶杆的伸 出端接触。
进一步地, 所述缸头、 所述缸销和所述顶杆之间设有锁定机构, 该锁 定机构包括:
穿设于缸销上的安装孔;
可滑动地设于该安装孔内的第一定位体和第二定位体, 所述第一定位 体与所述第二定位体通过第二弹簧相连;
用于容纳所述第一定位体的第一限位槽, 所述第一限位槽设于所述缸 头面向所述缸销的内壁上;
用于容纳所述第二定位体的第二限位槽, 所述第二限位槽设于所述顶 杆面向所述缸销的外壁上。 进一步地, 所述臂销的伸出方向和所述缸销的伸出方向与所述摆 的 转动轴线相垂直。
进一步地,所述伸缩臂的侧壁上设有臂销滑槽、摆动区和缸销容纳区, 所述臂销设于该臂销滑槽内, 所述摆杆设于该摆动区内, 所述缸销在伸出 时位于该缸销容纳区内。
另一方面, 本发明还提供了一种插销式伸缩臂, 该插销式伸缩臂包括 基本臂以及套接于所述基本臂中的至少一节伸缩臂, 其中, 任一节伸缩臂 上设有上述任一项所述的插拔销机构。
再一方面, 本发明还提供了一种起重机, 该起重机设有上述的插销式 伸缩臂。
本发明提供的一种插拔销机构、 插销式伸缩臂及起重机, 通过在缸销 两侧的伸缩臂侧壁上设置臂销、 回位机构以及用于在缸销和臂销之间起杠 杆作用的摆杆, 使得当缸销处于伸出状态时(即缸销处于锁定状态)臂销 处于收回状态, 当缸销处于收回状态时臂销在回位机构的作用下处于伸出 状态 (即臂销处于锁定状态) , 从而实现缸销的锁定状态与臂销的锁定状 态的来回切换, 如此设置不仅结构筒单, 便于装配, 而且所需零部件减少, 既降低了缸头等零部件加工难度, 也降低了臂销等零部件的安装精度; 进 一步地, 在缸销内设有可轴向滑动的顶杆, 通过该顶杆的伸出端为摆杆的 另一端提供推动力, 从而可实现顶杆的伸出状态与臂销的锁定状态来回切 换, 且在缸头、 缸销和顶杆之间设置锁定机构, 实现互锁功能, 以避免臂 销在未全伸时缸销完全收回, 大大提高了伸缩过程的安全性。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明实施例提供的一种插拔销机构的结构示意图;
图 2 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的另一视角(缸销未伸出)的结构示意图; 图 3 为图 2 所示插拔销机构在缸销处于伸出状态 (顶杆未伸出) 时的 结构示意图;
图 4 为图 3 所示插拔销机构在顶杆处于伸出状态时的结构示意图; 图 5 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的锁定机构处于第一状态时的结构示意 图;
图 6 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的锁定机构处于第二状态时的结构示意 图;
图 7 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的锁定机构处于第三状态时的结构示意意 图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案, 下面结合附图 和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。 应当指出, 本部分中对具体 结构的描述及描述顺序仅是对具体实施例的说明, 不应视为对本发明的保 护范围有任何限制作用。
请参考图 1 至图 7 ,其中, 图 1 为本发明实施例提供的一种插拔销机构 的结构示意图, 图 2 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的另一视角 (缸销未伸出) 的 结构示意图, 图 3 为图 2 所示插拔销机构在缸销处于伸出状态 (顶杆未伸 出) 时的结构示意图, 图 4 为图 3 所示插拔销机构在顶杆处于伸出状态时 的结构示意图, 图 5 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的锁定机构处于第一状态时的 结构示意图, 图 6 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的锁定机构处于第二状态时的结 构示意图, 图 7 为图 1 所示插拔销机构的锁定机构处于第三状态时的结构 示意意图。 下面根据描述的需要同时结合相应的附图对本发明实施例作详 细描述, 应当指出, 下面所述涉及的方位词 (如上下左右等) 以图中所示 情景为依据。
请同时参考图 1 至图 4 ,如图所示,本发明实施例的插拔销机构主要包 括缸头 1、 缸销 2、 摆杆 3、 定轴 4、 臂销 5 和回位机构 6 等, 其中:
缸头 1 固设于伸缩油缸(图未示出) 的活动端, 该伸缩油缸设于伸缩 臂 100 内, 其活动端可推动缸头 1 在伸缩臂 100 内来回移动; 缸销 2 设于 缸头 1 的两侧, 可沿着缸头 1 的两侧的方向伸出或者收回, 缸头 1 内设有 缸销油缸以控制缸销 2 的伸出或者收回动作, 当缸头 1 移动时, 缸销 2 处 于收回状态, 当缸头 1 移动至伸缩臂 100的相应位置时,通过缸销油缸控制 缸销 2 处于伸出状态, 可实现缸头 1 与伸缩臂 100 的锁定; 缸销 2 内进一 步设有可轴向滑动的顶杆 7 ,可根据需要为该顶杠 7 设置一个顶杆油缸(图 未示出) 以控制顶杆 7 的伸出或者收回;
在伸缩臂 100 的尾部 101 的两侧壁上形成两个箱型体, 该两个箱形体 大体对称设置于缸头 1 的两侧, 各箱型体均包括上下依次相通的臂销滑槽 50、 摆动区 30 和缸销容纳区 20 , 其中, 臂销滑槽 50 与伸缩臂 100 的外面 相通, 臂销 5 可滑动地设于臂销滑槽 50 内, 当臂销 5 处于伸出状态(即锁 定状态)时,将伸缩臂 100 与相邻的另一伸缩臂锁定,摆杆 3 通过定轴 4 铰 接于摆动区 30 , 缸销容纳区 20 用于容纳伸出的缸销 2 及顶杆 7;
臂销 5 的移动方向和紅销 2 的伸出方向大体与定轴 4 的轴线垂直; 摆 杆 3 的一端 (上端)设有长形孔 31 , 臂销 5 的一端设有销釘 51 , 摆杆 3 的 一端与臂销 5 的一端通过长形孔 31 及销釘 51 铰接; 摆杆 3 的另一端 (下 端)设有弧形受力槽 32 , 用于受到顶杆 7 伸出端的推动;
回位机构 6 用于将臂销 5 保持在伸出状态, 具体而言, 回位机构 6 具 体为第一弹簧, 该第一弹簧围绕布置于臂销 5 的周向上, 其一端与臂销 5 相连, 另一端与尾部 101 的侧壁相连。
在工作过程中, 当需要推动伸缩臂 100 移动时, 首先通过伸缩油缸将 缸头 1 移动至伸缩臂 100 的尾部 101 (如图 2 所示), 然后控制缸销油缸将 缸销 2 伸出 (如图 3 所示) , 实现缸头 1 与伸缩臂 100 的锁定, 再控制顶 杆油缸将顶杆 7 伸出 (如图 4 所示) , 使顶杆 7 的伸出端接触弧形受力槽 32 , 对摆杆 3 的下端产生一个推动力, 使摆杆 3 在该推动力的作用下围绕 定轴 4 摆动,摆杆 3 的上端沿着靠近缸头 1 的方向移动,从而带动臂销 5 沿 着臂销滑槽 50 作收回动作, 当顶杆 7 完全伸出时,臂销 5 完全收回,此时, 缸头 1 与伸缩臂 100 锁定, 伸缩臂 100 与相邻的另一伸缩臂解锁, 最后通 过伸缩油缸将伸缩臂 100 移动至相应位置, 从而完成伸缩臂 100 的移动过 程; 当伸缩臂 100 到达相应位置后, 通过依次控制顶杆油缸和缸销油缸实 现顶杆 7 和缸销 2 的依次收回, 当顶杆 7 完全收回时, 摆杆 3 的下端不再 受到推动力的作用,臂销 5 将在回位机构 6 的作用下沿着臂销滑槽 50 移动 并最终恢复至伸出状态, 使得摆 4干 5 3 也恢复至最初状态。
优选地, 为了为保证伸缩臂 100 在伸缩时的安全性, 防止臂销 5 在未 全伸时,缸销 2 完全缩回,还可以为缸销 2 和顶杆 7 设置相应的锁定机构, 请参考图 5、 图 6 和图 7 , 如图所示, 该锁定机构包括:
安装孔 13 , 穿设于缸销 2 上;
可滑动地设于该安装孔 13 内的第一定位体 12 和第二定位体 15 , 第一 定位体 12 与第二定位体 15 通过第二弹簧 14 相连; 用于容纳第一定位体 12 的第一限位槽 11 , 所述第一限位槽 11 设于所 述缸头 1 面向所述缸销 2 的内壁上;
用于容纳所述第二定位体 15 的第二限位槽 16 ,所述第二限位槽 16设于 所述顶杆 7 面向所述缸销 2 的外壁上,所述第二限位槽 16 与所述第一限位 槽 11 相互错开一段距离。
在工作过程中, 如图 5 所示, 此时, 缸销 2 和顶杆 7 均未伸出, 臂销 5 处于伸出状态 (锁定状态) , 由于第一定位体 12 未受到第一限位槽 11 的 限位, 而第二定位体 15 受到第二限位槽 16 的限位, 缸销 2 以及缸销 2 内 的顶杆 7 整体相对于缸头 1 处于可伸出状态, 可将缸销 2 以及缸销 2 内的 顶杆 7 整体伸出至图 6 所示的状态,此时,缸销 2 处于全伸状态,缸头 1 与 伸缩臂 1 00 锁定, 由于第一定位体 12 受到第一限位槽 1 1 的限位, 第二定 位体 15 受到第二限位槽 16 的限位, 缸销 2 相对于缸头 1 处于不可伸出状 态, 顶杆 7 相对于缸销 2 处于不可伸出状态, 臂销 5 依旧处于锁定状态, 若通过控制第二定位体 15 使其脱离第二限位槽 16 , 可将顶杆 7 伸出至图 7 所示的状态, 此时, 臂销 5 收回 (处于解锁状态) , 顶杆 7 处于可收回状 态,但缸销 2 依旧处于锁定状态, 当顶杆 7 重新收回至缸销 2 内时(图 2 所 示),臂销 5 伸出,此时再通过控制第一定位体 12 使其脱离第一限位槽 11 , 最终将缸销 2 收回至缸头 1 内,在整个过程中,避免了臂销 5 在未全伸时, 缸销 2 完全缩回的现象。
需要说明的是, 上述实施例中, 回位机构 6 为第一弹簧, 但在其他实 施例中, 也可以采用本领域技术人员熟知的其他弹性件作为回位机构, 此 夕卜, 第一弹簧的设置方式也不局限于上述实施 5 例所述, 例如, 还可以将 该第一弹簧的一端与摆杆 3 的下端相连,另一端与伸缩臂 100 的侧壁相连, 该第一弹簧对摆杆 3 的下端的作用力的方向与顶杆 7 的推动力的方向相 反。
需要说明的是, 上述实施例中, 臂销滑槽 50 大体为直形槽, 臂销 50 在该臂销滑槽 50 内滑动, 且其一端通过销釘与摆杆 3 上端的长形孔相连, 在其他实施例中, 也可以根据需要采用弧形槽, 该弧形槽的曲率半径与摆 杆 3 上端的摆动半径大体相等, 此时, 摆杆 3 的上端可直接通过圓孔与臂 销 5 铰接。 需要说明的是, 上述实施例中, 缸销 2 通过顶杆 7 与摆杆 3 的下端接 触, 但在其他实施例中, 也可以根据需要使用缸销 2 直接与摆杆 3 的下端 接触, 而无需设置顶杆 7 (及相应的锁定机构), 即缸销 2 在伸出的同时促 使摆杆 3 发生摆动, 进而促使臂销 5 收回。
需要说明的是, 上述实施例中, 臂销 5 的移动方向和缸销 2 的伸出方 向大体与定轴 4 的轴线垂直,但在其他实施例中,也可以根据需要使臂销 5 的移动方向和缸销 2 的伸出方向大体与定轴 4 的轴线成一定角度, 只要能 上述各相应功能即可; 再者, 上述实施例中, 定轴 4 的轴线大体平行于伸 缩臂 1 00 的延伸方向, 但在其他实施例中, 也可以根据需要使其轴线与伸 缩臂 1 00 的延伸方向成一定角度, 如此也能实现上述各种功能; 此外, 在 上述实施例中, 缸销 2 的轴线与臂销 5 的轴线大体平行, 但在其他实施例 中, 也可以根据需要使缸销 2 的轴线与臂销 5 的轴线成一定角度, 只要不 影响上述各种功能的实现即可。
需要说明的是, 上述实施例中, 插拔销机构的主体设于伸缩臂 1 00 的 尾部 1 01 ,但在其他实施例中,也可以根据需要将其设于伸缩臂 1 00 的其他 位置。
本发明实施例提供的一种插拔销机构, 通过在伸缩臂尾部的两侧壁上 设置臂销、回位机构以及用于在缸销的顶杆和臂销之间起杠杆作用的摆杆, 使得当缸销的顶杆处于伸出状态时 (即缸销处于锁定状态)臂销处于收回 状态, 当缸销的顶杆处于收回状态时臂销在回位机构的作用下处于伸出状 态 (即臂销处于锁定状态) , 从而实现缸销的锁定状态与臂销的锁定状态 的来回切换, 如此设置不仅结构筒单, 便于装配, 而且所需零部件减少, 既降低了缸头等零部件加工难度, 也降低了臂销等零部件的安装精度; 此 夕卜, 在缸头、 缸销和顶杆之间设置锁定机构, 实现互锁功能, 以避免臂销 在未全伸时缸销完全收回, 大大提高了伸缩过程的安全性。
本发明实施例还提供了一种插销式伸缩臂, 包括基本臂以及套接于所 述基本臂中的至少一节伸缩臂, 其中, 任一节伸缩臂的尾部设有上述所述 的插拔销机构, 由于上述的插拔销机构具有上述技术效果, 因此, 该起重 机也应具备相应的技术效果, 其具体实施过程与上述实施例类似, 兹不赘 述。 本发明实施例还提供了一种起重机, 该起重机设有上述的插销式伸缩 臂, 由于上述的插销式伸缩臂具有上述技术效果, 因此, 设有该插销式伸 缩臂的起重机也应具备相应的技术效果, 其具体实施过程与上述实施例类 似, 兹不赘述。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在 本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包 含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种插拔销机构, 包括设于伸缩臂(100) 内的伸缩油缸, 所述伸 缩油缸的活动端设有缸头 (1 ) , 所述缸头 (1 ) 的两侧设有用于与伸缩臂 (100)锁定的缸销 (2) , 其特征在于, 所述插拔销机构还包括:
臂销 (5) , 可滑动地设于伸缩臂(100) 的侧壁上, 用于在滑动伸出 时与另一伸缩臂锁定;
回位机构 ( 6 ) , 用于将所述臂销 ( 5 )保持在伸出状态;
摆杆(3) , 定轴铰接于伸缩臂(100) 的侧壁上, 其一端与所述臂销 (5 )相连, 另一端可受到所述缸销 (2) 的推动。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所述回位机构(6) 为第一弹簧, 该第一弹簧围绕布置于所述臂销(5)的周向上, 其一端与臂 销 (5)相连, 另一端与伸缩臂(100) 的侧壁相连。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所述摆杆(3) 的 一端设有长形孔( 31 ) , 所述臂销( 5 )上设有销釘( 51 ) , 所述摆杆 ( 3 ) 与所述臂销 ( 5 )通过该长形孔( 31 )及该销釘( 51 )铰接。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所述缸销 (2) 内 设有可轴向滑动的顶杆(7) , 所述顶杆(7)在伸出时推动所述摆杆 ( 3) 的另一端。
5、 如权利要求 4 所述的插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所述摆杆(3) 的 另一端设有弧形受力槽(32) , 用于与所述顶杆 (7) 的伸出端接触。
6、 如权利要求 4 所述的插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所述缸头 (1 ) 、 所述缸销 (2)和所述顶杆(7)之间设有锁定机构, 该锁定机构包括: 穿设于缸销 ( 2 )上的安装孔( 13 ) ;
可滑动地设于该安装孔( 13 )内的第一定位体( 12 )和第二定位体( 15 ), 所述第一定位体( U )与所述第二定位体( 15 )通过第二弹簧( I4 )相连; 用于容纳所述第一定位体(12) 的第一限位槽(11 ) , 所述第一限位 槽( 11 )设于所述缸头 ( 1 ) 面向所述缸销 ( 2 ) 的内壁上;
用于容纳所述第二定位体(15) 的第二限位槽(16) , 所述第二限位 槽( 16 )设于所述顶杆( 7 ) 面向所述缸销 ( 2 ) 的外壁上。
7、 如权利要求 1 至 6 任一项所述的插拔销机构, 其特征在于: 所述臂 销( 5 )的伸出方向和所述缸销( 2 )的伸出方向与所述摆 4干 ( 3 )的转动轴 线相垂直。
8、 如权利要求 1 至 6 任一项所述的插拔销机构, 其特征在于: 所述伸 缩臂(100)的侧壁上设有臂销滑槽(50) 、 摆动区(30) 5 和缸销容纳区
(20) , 所述臂销 ( 5 )设于该臂销滑槽( 50 ) 内, 所述摆杆 ( 3 )设于该 摆动区 (30) 内, 所述缸销 (2)在伸出时位于该缸销容纳区 (20) 内。
9、一种插销式伸缩臂, 包括基本臂以及套接于所述基本臂中的至少一 节伸缩臂, 其特征在于: 任一节伸缩臂上设有权利要求 1 至 8 任一项所述 的插拔销机构。
10、 一种起重机, 其特征在于, 所述起重机设有权利要求 9 所述的插 销式伸缩臂。
PCT/CN2012/074250 2012-01-04 2012-04-18 一种插拔销机构、插销式伸缩臂及起重机 WO2013102332A1 (zh)

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CN114029719A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-11 山东省公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 一种液压插拔销轴装置及其使用方法

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