WO2012048589A1 - 伸缩臂式起重机用单缸插拔销机构 - Google Patents

伸缩臂式起重机用单缸插拔销机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012048589A1
WO2012048589A1 PCT/CN2011/076386 CN2011076386W WO2012048589A1 WO 2012048589 A1 WO2012048589 A1 WO 2012048589A1 CN 2011076386 W CN2011076386 W CN 2011076386W WO 2012048589 A1 WO2012048589 A1 WO 2012048589A1
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Prior art keywords
pin
cylinder
puller
pull
telescopic
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PCT/CN2011/076386
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任利有
黄丰杰
何玄霏
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一汽车起重机械有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2012048589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012048589A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64Jibs
    • B66C23/70Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/708Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of construction machinery, and in particular to a single cylinder plug pin mechanism for a telescopic crane and a telescopic boom crane having the plug pin mechanism.
  • the telescopic mechanism is a key component of the telescopic crane.
  • large-tonnage cranes at home and abroad generally use a single-cylinder plug-and-pin boom telescopic mechanism.
  • These types of telescopic mechanisms mainly include: telescopic cylinders, pin-and-pin mechanisms, arm pins on arms, and other accessories.
  • the plug-and-pin mechanism is a key component of the telescopic mechanism.
  • the insertion and extraction pin mechanism plays more frequently during the telescopic process of the boom, and the working condition is complicated. The stability of the movement directly affects the expansion and contraction efficiency of the arm.
  • the lifting weight and the lifting height are increasing, and the weight of the boom telescopic cylinder is also increasing.
  • the diameter of the telescopic cylinder and the specification of the cylinder pin need to be increased, so that the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism has a large outer shape and is inconvenient to install and maintain.
  • the cylinder pin and the arm pin insertion and extraction mechanism share one main body part, and the main part has high precision, high processing difficulty and high cost.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a single cylinder insertion and extraction pin mechanism which is compact in structure and convenient in installation and maintenance.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a telescopic arm having a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism Crane.
  • an aspect of the present invention provides a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism including: a cylinder head seat on a telescopic cylinder having left and right cylinder pins symmetrically disposed on both sides of the telescopic cylinder; and left a pin puller and a right pin puller are mounted on the top of the cylinder head seat, wherein the axis of the left pin puller and the axis of the right pin puller are parallel to the axis of the left and right cylinder pins, and regarding the left pin And the axis of the right rainbow pin is arranged one after the other.
  • the left pin puller includes: a pin pull seat mounted on the cylinder head seat; a limit plate located at a rear portion of the pin pull seat; and a pin pull member whose shaft portion passes through the pin pull seat from the front portion of the pin pin seat And fixedly connected with the limiting plate; at least one pin cylinder, each of the pin cylinders has the same telescopic direction as the direction of movement of the pin-out member; and a return spring sleeved on the shaft portion of the pin-out member to bias the pin-out member .
  • the left pin puller includes a first pin cylinder and a second pin cylinder symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shaft portion of the pin pull member, and the cylinder tube of each pin cylinder is formed at the pin holder.
  • left pin puller and the right pin puller have the same structure.
  • first interlocking mechanism is formed between the left pin puller and the right cylinder pin
  • second interlocking mechanism is formed between the right pin puller and the left cylinder pin
  • the first interlocking mechanism includes: a first rack fixedly connected to the limiting plate; a first gear and a second gear disposed coaxially, wherein the first gear meshes with the first rack; and The two racks are meshed with the second gear and are movably disposed on the retracting path of the right cylinder pin.
  • a pin puller for a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism comprising: a pin holder, a top portion of a cylinder head seat mounted on a telescopic cylinder; a limit plate located at a rear portion of the pin holder
  • the pin member has a shaft portion extending from the front portion of the pin holder through the pin holder and fixedly connected with the limiting plate; at least one pin cylinder, the telescopic direction of each pin cylinder is the same as the direction of movement of the pin member;
  • the spring is sleeved on the shaft portion of the pin pull member and biased toward the pin pull member.
  • the left pin puller includes a first pin cylinder and a second pin cylinder symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shaft portion of the pin pull member, and the cylinder tube of each pin cylinder is formed at the pin holder.
  • the invention also provides a telescopic crane with telescopic oil in the telescopic arm a cylinder, the telescopic cylinder is provided with a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism of the above configuration.
  • the insertion and extraction pin action in the invention can be completed in a short time to ensure high efficiency and high reliability of the mechanism, and the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism of the present invention is easy to realize, and the single cylinder insertion and pin mechanism is installed. Easy to maintain.
  • FIG 1 is a plan view of a single cylinder plug pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a left pin puller of a single cylinder plug pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. ;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a top plan view of a single cylinder plug pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the interlocking mechanism of a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 shows a front view of a single cylinder plug pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of a single cylinder plug pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the left pin puller 3 and the right pin puller 4 are identical in structure, are mounted on the cylinder head base 8 of the telescopic cylinder 9, and are respectively disposed in the cylinder head. Above the left cylinder pin 1 and the right cylinder pin 6 in the seat 8.
  • the left pin puller 3 and the right pin puller 4 are arranged in parallel with each other.
  • the axis of the left pin puller 3 is different from the axis of the right pin puller 4, but the left pin puller 3 and the right pin puller 4 are both right and left.
  • Rainbow pin 1 The axes of 6 are parallel and the direction of motion is the same as that of the left and right cylinder pins.
  • the left pin puller 3 is used to pull the left arm pin 2 when retracted, and vice versa for inserting the left arm pin 2
  • the right pin puller 4 is used to pull the right arm pin 5 when retracting, and vice versa. Arm pin 5.
  • the structure of the left pin puller will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • the right pin puller 4 and the left pin puller 3 have the same structure except that the mounting position and the moving direction are different.
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing the structure of a left pin puller of a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the left pin puller 3 includes a pull pin cylinder 304, a pull pin member 301 having a pin pull groove, a return spring 302, a pin pull seat 303, and a limit plate 305.
  • the pullout cylinder 304 is connected to the limit plate 305.
  • the shaft of the pin pull member 301 is connected to the limit plate 305 through the center hole of the pin holder 303.
  • the return spring 302 is sleeved on the shaft of the pin pull member 301, and one end is placed in the hole of the pin pull seat 303, and one end is in contact with the side surface of the pin pull groove.
  • the pull cylinder 304 moves to the right, and the limit plate 305 is pushed to the right, thereby pulling the pin member 301 to the right until the left side of the pin holder 303 is contacted, and the spring is returned.
  • 302 is compressed and the first rack 306 is moved to the right.
  • the left arm pin 2 is moved to the right under the pulling of the pin puller 301.
  • the right arm pin 5 is moved to the left to perform the pin pulling action.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the interlocking mechanism of a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first interlocking mechanism is formed between the left pin puller 3 and the right cylinder pin 6.
  • the first interlocking mechanism includes: a first rack 306 connected to the lower side of the limiting plate 305; a first gear 701 and a second gear 703, wherein the first gear 701 meshes with the first rack 306; and the second rack 702 is meshed with the second gear 703 and is movably disposed on the right cylinder pin 6 on the retraction path.
  • the rightward movement of the first rack 306 drives the first gear 701 to rotate in the direction shown in FIG. 4 by the meshing action, and then passes through the transmission of the gear shaft 704, and the second gear 703 also rotates in the same direction to drive the second rack 702. Moving downward along its guide groove to the lower side of the right cylinder pin 6, preventing the right cylinder pin 6 from retracting, to prevent the cylinder pin and the arm pin from being retracted at the same time, thereby realizing mechanical mutual pinning.
  • a second interlocking mechanism is also formed between the right pin puller and the left cylinder pin.
  • the second interlocking mechanism has the same structure as the first interlocking mechanism and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the compressed return spring 302 When the inner cavity of the pin holder 303 is unloaded, the compressed return spring 302 is retracted and extended to push the pin member 301 to the left. At this time, the pin member 301 is separated from the left arm pin 2, and the left arm pin is inside. Move to the left under the action of the return spring. In the same way, the right arm pin moves to the right to perform the latching action.
  • the limit plate 305 and the first rack 306 move to the left with the pull pin 301.
  • the limiting plate 305 moves to the right side of the contact pin holder 303, and the leftward movement of the first rack 306 passes through the transmission of the first gear 701, the gear shaft 704 and the second gear 703, driving the second rack 702 along the guide
  • the slot moves up to the top of the right cylinder pin 6.
  • the right cylinder pin 6 can freely expand and contract.
  • the left cylinder pin 1 can also be freely stretched.
  • the action of the plug-in pin can be completed in a short time, ensuring high efficiency and high reliability of the mechanism.
  • the left and right pin pullers and the cylinder pins do not share a main body part, and the single cylinder plug pin mechanism is easy to install and maintain, and the machining process is easy to implement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)

Description

伸缩臂式起重机用单缸插拔销机构 本申请要求于 2010年 10月 14 日提交中国专利局, 申请号为 201010507091.x , 发明名称为 "伸缩臂式起重机用单缸插拔销机构,, 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械领域,尤其涉及一种伸缩臂式起重机用单缸 插拔销机构和具有该插拔销机构的伸缩臂式起重机。 背景技术
伸缩机构是伸缩臂式起重机的关键部件。 目前, 国内外的大吨位 起重机普遍采用单缸插拔销式吊臂伸缩机构。 这类伸缩机构主要包 括: 伸缩油缸、 插拔销机构、 臂上的臂销以及其他附件。 其中, 插 拔销机构是伸缩机构的关键部件。插拔销机构在吊臂的伸缩过程中动 作比较频繁, 工作情况复杂, 其运动的稳动性直接影响 臂的伸缩效 率。
随着伸缩臂式起重机向大型化的进一步发展,起吊重量和起升高 度不断增加, 吊臂伸缩油缸所承载的重量也越来越大。 为了将伸缩油 缸和 ^臂可靠地锁定, 伸缩油缸的直径和缸销的规格需加大, 因此导 致单缸插拔销机构的外形尺寸较大, 安装维修不方便。 而且, 目前常 用的单缸插拔销机构中, 缸销和臂销插拔机构共用一个主体零件, 该 主体零件的精度要求较高, 加工难度大且成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构筒单紧凑、安装维修方便的单缸 插拔销机构。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种单缸插拔销机构的拔销器。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种具有单缸插拔销机构的伸缩臂 式起重机。
为此, 本发明一方面提供了一种单缸插拔销机构, 其包括: 位于 伸缩油缸上的缸头座,其具有对称布置在伸缩油缸两侧的左缸销和右 缸销; 以及左拔销器和右拔销器, 安装在缸头座的顶部, 其中, 左拔 销器的轴线和右拔销器的轴线均平行于左缸销和右缸销的轴线,并且 关于左虹销和右虹销的轴线一前一后布置。
进一步地, 上述左拔销器包括: 拔销座, 安装于缸头座上; 限位 板, 位于拔销座的后部; 拔销件, 其轴部自拔销座的前部贯穿拔销座 并且与限位板固定连接; 至少一拔销油缸, 各拔销油缸的伸缩方向与 拔销件的运动方向相同; 以及复位弹簧, 套设在拔销件的轴部, 向拔 销件偏压。
进一步地 ,上述左拔销器包括在拔销件的轴部两侧对称布置的第 一拔销油缸和第二拔销油缸, 各拔销油缸的缸筒形成于拔销座。
进一步地, 上述左拔销器和右拔销器的结构相同。
进一步地, 上述左拔销器和右缸销之间形成第一互锁机构, 右拔 销器和左缸销之间形成第二互锁机构。
进一步地, 上述第一互锁机构包括: 第一齿条, 与限位板固定连 接; 同轴设置的第一齿轮和第二齿轮, 其中, 第一齿轮与第一齿条啮 合传动; 以及第二齿条, 与第二齿轮啮合传动, 可移动地设置在右缸 销的回缩路径上。
进一步地, 上述第一互锁机构和第二互锁机构的结构相同。 本发明另一方面提供了一种单缸插拔销机构的拔销器, 其包括: 拔销座, 安装在伸缩油缸上的缸头座的顶部; 限位板, 位于拔销座的 后部; 拔销件, 其轴部自拔销座的前部贯穿拔销座并且与限位板固定 连接; 至少一拔销油缸, 各拔销油缸的伸缩方向与拔销件的运动方向 相同; 以及复位弹簧, 套设在拔销件的轴部, 向拔销件偏压。
进一步地 ,上述左拔销器包括在拔销件的轴部两侧对称布置的第 一拔销油缸和第二拔销油缸, 各拔销油缸的缸筒形成于拔销座。
本发明还提供了一种伸缩臂式起重机, 其伸缩臂内设有伸缩油 缸, 该伸缩油缸上设有上述构造的单缸插拔销机构。
本发明中的插拔销动作能在短时间内完成,以保证机构的高效率 和高可靠性, 本发明中的单缸插拔销机构加工工艺容易实现, 且该单 缸插拔销机构安装维护方便。
除了上面所描述的目的、 特征、 和优点之外, 本发明具有的其它 目的、 特征、 和优点, 将结合附图作进一步详细的说明。 附图说明
构成本说明书的一部分、用于进一步理解本发明的附图示出了本 发明的优选实施例, 并与说明书一起用来说明本发明的原理。 图中: 图 1示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的俯视图; 图 2 示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的左拔销 器的结构示意图;
图 3示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的俯视图; 以及
图 4 示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的互锁机 构的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明,但是本发明可以 由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
图 1示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的主视图, 图 3示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的俯视图。
在图 1和图 3所示的单缸插拔销机构中,左拔销器 3与右拔销器 4结构完全相同, 安装在伸缩油缸 9的缸头座 8上, 并且分别设置在 缸头座 8中的左缸销 1和右缸销 6的上方。
左拔销器 3和右拔销器 4平行相错布置,左拔销器 3的轴线与右 拔销器 4的轴线不同轴,但左拔销器 3和右拔销器 4均与左右虹销 1、 6的轴线平行, 运动方向与左右缸销相同。
左拔销器 3在缩回时用于拔左臂销 2, 反之则用于插左臂销 2, 右拔销器 4在缩回时用于拔右臂销 5 , 反之则用于插右臂销 5。
下面参照图 2对左拔销器的结构加以描述。右拔销器 4和左拔销 器 3的结构相同, 只是安装位置和运动方向不同。
图 2 示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的左拔销 器的结构示意图。 如图 2所示, 左拔销器 3包括拔销油缸 304、 带有 拔销槽的拔销件 301、 复位弹簧 302、 拔销座 303、 以及限位板 305。 其中, 拔销油缸 304与限位板 305连接。 拔销件 301的轴穿过拔销座 303的中心孔与限位板 305连接。 复位弹簧 302套在拔销件 301的轴 夕卜, 一端置于拔销座 303的孔内, 一端与拔销槽的侧面接触。
拔销座 303的腔内进油后, 拔销油缸 304向右运动, 推动限位板 305向右运动, 进而拉动拔销件 301向右运动直至接触拔销座 303左 侧面, 同时复位弹簧 302被压缩, 第一齿条 306向右运动。 左臂销 2 在拔销件 301的拉动下向右运动, 同理, 右臂销 5向左运动, 执行拔 销动作。
图 4 示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的互锁机 构的结构示意图。 如图 4所示, 左拔销器 3和右缸销 6之间形成第一 互锁机构, 该第一互锁机构包括: 第一齿条 306, 连接在限位板 305 的下方; 同轴设置的第一齿轮 701和第二齿轮 703 , 其中, 第一齿轮 701与第一齿条 306啮合传动; 以及第二齿条 702, 与第二齿轮 703 啮合传动, 可移动地设置在右缸销 6的回缩路径上。
第一齿条 306的向右运动通过啮合作用驱动第一齿轮 701按图 4 所示的方向转动, 再经过齿轮轴 704的传递, 第二齿轮 703也^ 同向 转动, 驱动第二齿条 702沿其导槽向下运动至右缸销 6的下方, 阻止 右缸销 6缩回, 以避免缸销和臂销同时缩回, 实现机械互销。
如果右缸销 6初始是缩回状态, 第二齿条 702则无法向下运动, 与其啮合的第二齿轮 703无法转动,同轴的第一齿轮 701也无法转动, 拔销器不能运动,无法执行拔销动作,同样避免缸销和臂销同时缩回, 实现机械互锁。
同时, 右拔销器和左缸销之间也形成第二互锁机构, 该第二互锁 机构与第一互锁机构结构相同, 在此不作详细说明。
当拔销座 303的内腔卸油后, 被压缩的复位弹簧 302复位伸长, 推动拔销件 301向左运动, 此时拔销件 301与左臂销 2分离, 左臂销 在其内部复位弹簧的作用下向左运动。 同理, 右臂销向右运动, 执行 插销动作。
同时, 限位板 305和第一齿条 306随拔销件 301向左运动。 限位 板 305运动至接触拔销座 303右侧面,第一齿条 306的向左运动经过 第一齿轮 701、齿轮轴 704和第二齿轮 703的传递,驱动第二齿条 702 沿其导槽向上运动至右缸销 6上方。 此时, 右缸销 6可以自由伸缩。 同理, 左缸销 1也可以自由伸缩。
在上述结构的单缸插拔销机构中, 插拔销动作能在短时间内完 成, 保证机构的高效率和高可靠性。 另外, 左右拔销器和缸销不共用 一个主体零件, 单缸插拔销机构安装维护方便, 加工工艺容易实现。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于 本领域的技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明 的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含 在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求
1.一种单缸插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 包括:
位于伸缩油缸(9)上的缸头座(8), 其具有对称布置在所述伸 缩油缸(9) 两侧的左缸销 (1)和右缸销 (6); 以及
左拔销器( 3 )和右拔销器( 4 ), 安装在所述缸头座( 8 )的顶部, 其中, 所述左拔销器(3)的轴线和右拔销器(4)的轴线均平行于所 述左缸销 ( 1 )和右缸销 ( 6 ) 的轴线, 并且关于所述左缸销 ( 1 )和 右缸销 (6) 的轴线一前一后布置。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所述左 拔销器(3) 包括:
拔销座( 303 ), 安装于所述缸头座(8)上;
限位板(305 ), 位于所述拔销座( 303 ) 的后部;
拔销件(301), 其轴部自所述拔销座( 303 ) 的前部贯穿所述拔 销座( 303 ) 并且与所述限位板 ( 305 ) 固定连接;
至少一拔销油缸( 304), 各所述拔销油缸(304) 的伸缩方向与 所述拔销件(301) 的运动方向相同; 以及
复位弹簧( 302), 套设在所述拔销件(301 ) 的轴部, 一端置于 拔销座( 303 ) 的孔内, 向所述拔销件(301)偏压。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的单缸插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所 述左拔销器( 3 )包括在所述拔销件( 301 )的轴部两侧对称布置的第 一拔销油缸和第二拔销油缸,各所述拔销油缸的缸筒形成于所述拔销 座( 303 ) 中。
4.根据权利要求 2所述的单缸插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所述左 拔销器(3)和右拔销器(4) 的结构相同。
5. 根据权利要求 2所述的单缸插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所 述左拔销器(3)和右缸销(6)之间形成第一互锁机构, 所述右拔销 器(4)和左缸销 (1)之间形成第二互锁机构。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的单缸插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所 述第一互锁机构包括:
第一齿条(306), 与所述限位板( 305 ) 固定连接;
同轴设置的第一齿轮(701 )和第二齿轮(703 ), 其中, 所述第 一齿轮(701)与所述第一齿条(306)啮合传动; 以及
第二齿条(702), 与所述第二齿轮(703 )啮合传动, 可移动地 设置在所述右缸销 (6) 的回缩路径上。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的单缸插拔销机构, 其特征在于, 所 述第一互锁机构和第二互锁机构的结构相同。
8. 一种伸缩臂式起重机, 其伸缩臂内设有伸缩油缸, 其特征 在于,所述伸缩油缸上设有根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的单缸 插拔销机构。
PCT/CN2011/076386 2010-10-14 2011-06-27 伸缩臂式起重机用单缸插拔销机构 WO2012048589A1 (zh)

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