WO2013078816A1 - 单缸插销油缸及具有该油缸的伸缩臂装置、起重机 - Google Patents

单缸插销油缸及具有该油缸的伸缩臂装置、起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013078816A1
WO2013078816A1 PCT/CN2012/074223 CN2012074223W WO2013078816A1 WO 2013078816 A1 WO2013078816 A1 WO 2013078816A1 CN 2012074223 W CN2012074223 W CN 2012074223W WO 2013078816 A1 WO2013078816 A1 WO 2013078816A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
oil
self
pin
arm
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PCT/CN2012/074223
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任利有
赵彬章
阳平
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湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一汽车起重机械有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2013078816A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013078816A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/705—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by hydraulic jacks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a single cylinder latch cylinder.
  • the present invention also relates to a telescopic arm device and a crane including the above single cylinder pin cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a single cylinder pin cylinder in a prior art single cylinder latch type telescopic arm device.
  • the single cylinder latch telescopic arm device mainly comprises a plurality of sections of telescopic arms and a telescopic cylinder, that is, a single cylinder latch cylinder, and the cylinder 11 of the single cylinder latch cylinder has a cylinder pin cylinder 111 and an arm pin cylinder 112, and a single cylinder latch
  • the cylinder is selectively coupled to any of the telescopic arms by the cylinder pin cylinder 111, and the end of the lever 12 of the single cylinder latch cylinder is fixed to the arm tail of the basic arm.
  • the adjacent telescopic arms are connected by arm pins, and the telescopic expansion of the arm pin cylinders 112 drives the insertion and removal members to lock the arm pins to the adjacent arms or to unlock them.
  • the working principle of the telescopic arm device is as follows:
  • the cylinder pin is first locked with the distal arm, and the arm pin between the distal arm and the adjacent pitch arm is opened, the other arm pins are locked, and the cylinder 11 is extended.
  • driving the end arm to extend after the last arm reaches the predetermined position, the arm pin between the last arm and the adjacent arm is re-locked, the cylinder pin is unlocked, the cylinder 11 is retracted, and the cylinder pin is locked adjacent to the last arm.
  • the pitch arm adjacent to the last arm extends with respect to the base arm; the above process is repeated to realize the sequential extension of each arm.
  • the retraction of the telescopic arms of the respective sections relative to the basic arms can be achieved by the same principle.
  • both the pin cylinder 111 and the arm pin cylinder 112 are inside the telescopic arm and are fixed to the single cylinder latch cylinder and expand and contract with the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 11, the pin cylinder 111 and the arm pin cylinder 112 are connected to the tube of the external oil source.
  • the road is difficult to arrange.
  • the conventional method is to provide a pipe 121 and a core pipe 13 inside the single cylinder pin cylinder to form an internal oil passage of the single cylinder pin cylinder, and the core pipe 13 expands and contracts with the expansion and contraction of the cylinder barrel 11.
  • the oil of the external oil source flows through the core tube 13 to the external pipe of the cylinder tube 11, the cylinder tube
  • the external line of 11 communicates with the pin cylinder 111 and the arm pin cylinder 112, and further supplies oil to the arm pin cylinder 111 and the pin cylinder 112.
  • the core tube 13 is disposed inside the cylinder, and the processing difficulty of processing the single cylinder plug cylinder is high, resulting in high manufacturing cost;
  • the core tube 13 may be bent, which may cause the cylinder rod 12 of the telescopic cylinder to be unable to expand and contract with respect to the cylinder barrel 11, thereby affecting the performance of the telescopic cylinder, and the working stability of the bolt and the arm pin is also limited. The extent of the impact.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a single cylinder latch cylinder, which is provided with a self-immersing oil source, so that the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder do not need to be connected with an external oil source, so there is no need to provide a core tube inside the single cylinder latch cylinder.
  • the structure of the single-cylinder pin cylinder is cylindricalized, the performance of the cylinder expansion and contraction is improved, and the performance of the pin and the arm pin is more stable, and the response speed is improved.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a telescopic arm device and a crane including the above-described single cylinder latch cylinder.
  • the present invention provides a single cylinder latch cylinder having a cylinder barrel and a cylinder rod inserted in the cylinder barrel, wherein the cylinder barrel is provided with a pin cylinder and an arm pin cylinder.
  • the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder tube is fixed with a self-soaking oil source, and the self-immersing oil source comprises a self-immersing oil pump, an oil pot for placing the self-immersing oil pump, and a motor for driving the self-immersing oil pump; Both the pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder are in communication with the self-immersing oil pump.
  • the self-immersing oil source is installed at the pin cylinder or the arm pin cylinder.
  • the self-soaking oil source is mounted to the head of the cylinder.
  • the upper end of the oil can is hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder.
  • the bottom of the oil can is provided with a weight to keep the oil pot in a vertical state.
  • the self-soaking oil source further includes an accumulator, and the pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder are further in communication with the accumulator.
  • the single-cylinder pin cylinder provided by the invention adopts a self-immersing oil source, and the circuit of the motor that drives the self-immersing oil pump can be disposed inside the telescopic arm due to the small volume of the self-immersing oil source. (The power supply, the control harness, and other electronic components are small in size) can also be disposed inside the telescopic arm. Therefore, the oil source of the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder can be disposed inside the telescopic arm.
  • the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder do not need an external oil source for oil supply, so there is no need to provide a core tube and a corresponding pipe inside the single cylinder pin cylinder, and the weight of the structural cylinder and the cylinder can be reduced and facilitated.
  • the processing and manufacturing costs are lower; in addition, since the core tube is not provided inside the cylinder, the single cylinder latch cylinder is not easily deformed and the working reliability is high; in addition, the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder have a dedicated built-in self-immersing oil source, and the cylinder The operational reliability of the pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder is also improved.
  • the present invention further provides a telescopic arm device, a crane, a telescopic arm device having a nesting arm that is sequentially nested, and a single cylinder latch cylinder that drives each of the pitch arms to retract, the single cylinder
  • the latch cylinder is the telescopic arm device according to any one of the above.
  • the crane has a chassis and a telescopic arm device located above the chassis, and the telescopic arm device is the telescopic arm device described above. Since the above-described single-cylinder latch telescopic cylinder has the above-described technical effects, the telescopic arm device and the crane having the single-cylinder latch cylinder have the same technical effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a single cylinder latch cylinder in a prior art single cylinder latch type telescopic arm device
  • FIG. 2 is a structural schematic view of a specific embodiment of a single cylinder latch cylinder provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the single cylinder latch cylinder of FIG. 2 disposed in the telescopic arm;
  • Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the self-immersed oil source of Figure 3.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a single cylinder latch cylinder, which is provided with a self-immersing oil source, so that the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder do not need to be connected with an external oil source, so there is no need to provide a core tube inside the single cylinder latch cylinder.
  • the structure of the single-cylinder pin cylinder is cylindricalized, the performance of the cylinder expansion and contraction is improved, and the performance of the pin and the arm pin is more stable, and the response speed is improved.
  • Another core of the present invention is to provide a telescopic arm device and a crane including the above-described single cylinder latch cylinder.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a single cylinder latch cylinder provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the single cylinder latch cylinder disposed in the telescopic arm of FIG. 2 . Intention.
  • the single cylinder latch cylinder of this embodiment has a cylinder barrel 20 and a cylinder rod 40 inserted into the cylinder barrel 20, and the cylinder rod 40 is fixed to the basic arm 10 of the telescopic arm unit.
  • the cylinder barrel 20 is provided with a cylinder pin cylinder 201 and an arm pin cylinder 201 for connecting any cylinder of the cylinder barrel 20 and the telescopic arm device.
  • the cylinder cylinder 20 is driven and cylinderized when being expanded and contracted by hydraulic oil.
  • the telescopic arm connected by the cylinder pin expands and contracts, and the arm pin cylinder 202 is connected to the insertion/removal member 203.
  • the telescopically movable/detachable member 203 of the arm pin cylinder 202 is inserted and removed, thereby locking the adjacent arm or unlocking.
  • Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the self-immersed oil source in Figure 3.
  • the self-immersing oil source 30 mainly includes a self-immersing oil pump 302, an oil can 301 for placing the self-immersing oil pump 302, and a motor (not shown) for driving the self-immersing oil pump 302.
  • the self-immersing oil pump 302 is located in the oil sump 301, and directly draws hydraulic oil from the oil sump 301 and pumps hydraulic oil to the actuator connected thereto.
  • the self-immersing oil pump 302 of this type can adopt a small oil pump (cylinder)
  • the hydraulic oil demand of the pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 is small) and the oil pot 301 matched thereto.
  • the self-immersing oil pump 302 Since the self-immersing oil pump 302 is placed in the oil pot 301, the overall volume of the self-immersing oil source 30 is small.
  • the self-immersing oil pump 302 is driven by a motor, and the motor can be a small-sized small motor, and the motor output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft 304 of the self-immersing oil pump 302 to transmit power.
  • the self-immersing oil source 30 is fixed to the cylinder 20 of the single cylinder latch cylinder, i.e., the self-immersing oil source 30 is located at the gap between the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder 20 and the inner peripheral wall of the telescopic arm.
  • the self-immersing oil source 30 on the outer peripheral wall is driven to expand and contract, and the self-immersing oil source 30 shown in Fig. 3 operates along the guide rail 101 of the cylinder 20 telescopically.
  • the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 are both in communication with the self-immersing oil pump 302.
  • the self-immersing oil pump 302 drives the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 to operate, since the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 are both disposed in the cylinder barrel. 20, the self-immersing oil source 30, the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 all operate synchronously with the cylinder 20, ensuring the pipeline between the self-immersing oil source 30 and the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202. In a more stable state.
  • the single-cylinder pin cylinder in this embodiment adopts a self-immersing oil source 30. Since the self-immersed oil source 30 has a small volume, it can be disposed inside the telescopic arm and drive the circuit of the motor of the self-immersing oil pump 302. (Power supply, control harness 303 and other electronic components and other small size) can also be arranged Inside the telescopic arm, the oil source of the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 can be disposed inside the telescopic arm. Compared with the prior art, the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 do not need an external oil source for oil supply.
  • the self-immersed oil source 30 has a small volume, it can be disposed inside the telescopic arm and drive the circuit of the motor of the self-immersing oil pump 302. (Power supply, control harness 303 and other electronic components and other small size) can also be arranged Inside the telescopic arm, the oil source of the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the
  • the inside of the single cylinder latch cylinder does not need to be provided with a core tube and a corresponding pipe, and the structure of the cylinder and the weight of the cylinder
  • the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder 202 have a dedicated built-in self. With the immersion oil source 30, the operational reliability of the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 is also improved.
  • the self-immersing oil source 30 may be mounted at the cylinder pin cylinder 201 or the arm pin cylinder 202. Continuing to see 2, there is a certain distance between the arm pin cylinder 202 and the cylinder pin cylinder 201.
  • the self-immersing oil source 30 can be close to the arm pin cylinder 202 or close to the cylinder pin cylinder 201.
  • the pipe to the cylinder pin cylinder 201 is short, the pressure loss is small, and the back pressure is also small, the cylinder pin cylinder 201 has a fast response and a short reset time.
  • the locking and unlocking of the arm in the telescopic arm and the cylinder 20 are more sensitive; when the self-immersing oil source 30 is close to the arm pin cylinder 202, the arm pin cylinder 202 is responsive, and the sections are fast. The unlocking and locking between the arms is also more sensitive.
  • the self-immersing oil source 30 can be mounted to the cylinder barrel. At the head 201.
  • the pipeline between the self-soaking oil source 30 and the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 can be made shorter and substantially equivalent, and the response speeds of the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 are identical, so that the cylinder barrel 20 and The movement between the knuckle arm, the knuckle arm and the knuckle arm is more coordinated to match the single cylinder latch cylinder to drive the telescopic arm to expand and contract.
  • the upper end of the oil can 301 can be hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder tube 20. Since the telescopic arm is operated, the tilting may be reversed, and the oil can 301 is also in an inverted tilt state, resulting in the self-immersing oil pump 302. There may be a phenomenon of back suction, especially when the hydraulic oil in the oil can 301 is small, after the oil pot is turned over 301, the oil suction line of the self-immersed oil pump 302 may not be in surface contact with the hydraulic oil.
  • the oil can 301 After the oil can 301 is hinged to the cylinder 20, even if the cylinder 20 is turned over with the telescopic arm, the oil can 301 can be kept in a vertical state by gravity to prevent the self-immersing oil pump 302 from sucking back.
  • the oil can 301 is hinged, it can be in a vertical state under the action of gravity, but when the telescopic arm is turned over and the amplitude is large, the oil can 301 may overcome the gravity reversal, so that the balance block 3011 can also be disposed at the bottom of the oil can 301.
  • the weight block 3011 is an object with a certain weight, fixed to the oil
  • the bottom of the kettle 301 is such that the center of gravity of the oil can 301 is biased to the bottom of the oil can 301.
  • the oil pot 301 of the structure In the oil pot 301 of the structure, during the flipping of the telescopic arm, since the weight 3011 is disposed at the bottom of the oil pot 301, the oil pot 301 can always be in a substantially vertical state under the action of gravity (the oil pot 301 is turned over in the telescopic arm) When tilting, there may be a slight swing) to prevent the oil can 301 from reversing, ensuring that the self-immersing oil pump 302 can always draw hydraulic oil.
  • the self-immersing oil source 30 may further include an accumulator 305 in which a predetermined amount of hydraulic oil is stored, and the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202 are also in communication with the accumulator 305.
  • the accumulator 305 can continue to supply oil to the cylinder pin cylinder 201 and the arm pin cylinder 202, that is, as an emergency oil pump, further improving the operational reliability of the single-cylinder bolt cylinder.
  • the present invention also provides a crane having a chassis and a telescopic arm device located above the chassis, the telescopic arm device being the telescopic arm device of any of the above. Since the above-described telescopic arm device has the above-described technical effects, the crane having the telescopic arm device also has the same technical effects, and will not be described herein.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
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Abstract

一种单缸插销油缸及具有该油缸的伸缩臂装置、起重机，单缸插销油缸具有缸筒（20）和插装于缸筒（20）内的缸杆（40），缸筒（20）上设有缸销油缸（201）和臂销油缸（202），缸筒（20）的外周壁固定有自浸式油源（30），自浸式油源（30）包括自浸式油泵（302）、置放自浸式油泵（302）的油壶（301）、驱动自浸式油泵（302）的电机；缸销油缸（201）和臂销油缸（202）均与自浸式油泵（302）连通。该单缸插销油缸采用了自浸式油源（30），由于自浸式油源（30）体积较小，可以设置于伸缩臂内部，因此，缸销油缸（201）和臂销油缸（202）的油源可以设置于伸缩臂的内部，相较于现有技术，缸销油缸（201）和臂销油缸（202）无需外部油源供油，单缸插销油缸的内部无需设置芯管和相应的管道，结构简单、便于加工；另，由于未设置芯管，单缸插销油缸不易变形，工作可靠度高；此外，缸销油缸（201）和臂销油缸（202）具有专用的自浸式油源（30），工作可靠性也得以提高。

Description

单缸插销油缸及具有该油缸的伸缩臂装置、 起重机 本申请要求于 2011 年 11 月 29 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110387845.7、 发明名称为 "单缸插销油缸及具有该油缸的伸缩臂装置、 起重机"的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械技术领域， 特别涉及一种单缸插销油缸。 本发明 还涉及一种包括上述单缸插销油缸的伸缩臂装置、 起重机。
背景技术
多数工程机械中具有伸缩臂装置， 以起重机为例， 伸缩臂装置通常为 起重机的重要部件。 较大吨位的起重机一般采用单缸插销式伸缩臂装置。
请参考图 1 , 图 1为现有技术中单缸插销式伸缩臂装置中驱动单缸插 销油缸的液压原理图。
单缸插销伸缩臂装置主要包括多节依次嵌套的伸缩臂和一根伸缩油 缸， 即单缸插销油缸， 单缸插销油缸的缸筒 11具有缸销油缸 111和臂销油 缸 112, 单缸插销油缸通过缸销油缸 111驱动缸销与任一节伸缩臂可选择 地连接，且单缸插销油缸的杠杆 12末端固定于基本臂的臂尾。相邻伸缩臂 之间通过臂销连接， 臂销油缸 112的伸缩驱动插拔部件， 以使臂销锁定相 邻节臂或解锁。 该种伸缩臂装置的工作原理如下：
当需要各节伸缩臂相对于基本臂伸出时， 缸销首先与末节臂锁定， 且 末节臂与相邻节臂之间的臂销打开， 其他各臂销均锁定， 缸筒 11伸出， 从 而带动末节臂伸出； 末节臂达到预定的位置后， 重新锁住末节臂与相邻节 臂之间的臂销， 缸销解锁， 缸筒 11收回， 再使缸销锁定与末节臂相邻的节 臂， 通过同样的方式， 使与末节臂相邻的节臂相对于基本臂伸出； 重复以 上过程， 即可实现各节臂的依次伸出。 以相同的原理可以实现各节伸缩臂 相对于基本臂的缩回。
由于插销油缸 111和臂销油缸 112均处于伸缩臂内部， 且固定于单缸 插销油缸上， 随缸筒 11的伸缩而伸缩， 故将插销油缸 111和臂销油缸 112 连通外置油源的管路难以布置。 现有的方式为在单缸插销油缸的内部设置 管道 121和芯管 13, 形成单缸插销油缸的内部油道， 芯管 13随缸筒 11的 伸缩而伸缩。 外部油源的油液通过芯管 13流至缸筒 11的外部管路， 缸筒 11的外部管路连通插销油缸 111和臂销油缸 112, 进而为臂销油缸 111和 插销油缸 112供油。
然而， 在单缸插销油缸内部设置芯管 13 供油的方式存在下述技术问 题：
第一、 在油缸内部设置芯管 13, 加工了单缸插销油缸的加工难度、 导 致制造成本较高；
第二、 在工作过程中， 芯管 13 可能产生弯曲， 导致伸缩油缸的缸杆 12可能无法相对缸筒 11伸缩， 进而影响伸缩油缸的动作性能， 插销和臂 销的工作稳定性也会受到一定程度的影响。
有鉴于此， 如何改进伸缩臂装置中插销油缸和臂销油缸的油路结构是 本领域技术人员需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的为提供一种单缸插销油缸， 该油缸缸筒上设置自浸式油 源， 则其缸销油缸和臂销油缸无需连通外部油源， 故单缸插销油缸内部无 需设置芯管， 从而筒化了单缸插销油缸的结构， 提高了油缸伸缩的动作性 能， 且插销和臂销的性能也更为稳定， 响应速度得以提高。 本发明的另一 目的是提供一种包括上述单缸插销油缸的伸缩臂装置、 起重机。
为达到本发明的第一目的， 本发明提供一种单缸插销油缸， 具有缸筒 和插装于所述缸筒内的缸杆， 所述缸筒上设有插销油缸和臂销油缸， 所述 缸筒的外周壁固定有自浸式油源， 所述自浸式油源包括自浸式油泵、 置放 所述自浸式油泵的油壶、 驱动所述自浸式油泵的电机； 所述插销油缸和所 述臂销油缸均与所述自浸式油泵连通。
优选地， 所述自浸式油源安装于所述插销油缸或所述臂销油缸处。 优选地， 所述自浸式油源安装于所述缸筒的头部。
优选地， 所述油壶的上端铰接于所述缸筒的外周壁。
优选地， 所述油壶的底部设有平衡块， 以使所述油壶处于竖直状态。 优选地， 所述自浸式油源还包括蓄能器， 所述插销油缸和所述臂销油 缸还与所述蓄能器连通。
该发明提供的单缸插销油缸采用了自浸式油源， 由于自浸式油源的体 积较小， 可以设置于伸缩臂的内部， 且驱动自浸式油泵的电机的电路系统 (电源、控制线束及其他电子元件等体积较小）也可以布置于伸缩臂内部， 因此， 缸销油缸和臂销油缸的油源可以设置于伸缩臂的内部。 相较于现有 技术， 缸销油缸和臂销油缸无需外部油源供油， 故该单缸插销油缸的内部 无需设置芯管和相应的管道， 结构筒单、 油缸的重量得以减低， 且便于加 工、 制造成本较低； 另， 由于油缸内部未设置芯管， 单缸插销油缸不易变 形， 工作可靠度高； 此外， 缸销油缸和臂销油缸具有专用的内置自浸式油 源， 则缸销油缸和臂销油缸的工作可靠性也得以提高。
为达到本发明的另一目的， 本发明还提供一种伸缩臂装置、 起重机， 伸缩臂装置具有依次嵌套的节臂， 以及驱动各所述节臂伸缩的单缸插销油 缸， 所述单缸插销油缸为上述任一项所述的伸缩臂装置。 起重机， 具有底 盘和位于所述底盘之上的伸缩臂装置， 所述伸缩臂装置为上述所述的伸缩 臂装置。 由于上述单缸插销伸缩油缸具有上述技术效果， 具有该单缸插销 油缸的伸缩臂装置、 起重机也具有相同的技术效果。
附图说明
图 1为现有技术中单缸插销式伸缩臂装置中驱动单缸插销油缸的液压 原理图；
图 2为本发明所提供单缸插销油缸一种具体实施方式的结构原理图； 图 3为图 2中单缸插销油缸设置于伸缩臂内的结构示意图；
图 4为图 3中自浸式油源的一种结构原理图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心为提供一种单缸插销油缸， 该油缸缸筒上设置自浸式油 源， 则其缸销油缸和臂销油缸无需连通外部油源， 故单缸插销油缸内部无 需设置芯管， 从而筒化了单缸插销油缸的结构， 提高了油缸伸缩的动作性 能， 且插销和臂销的性能也更为稳定， 响应速度得以提高。 本发明的另一 核心是提供一种包括上述单缸插销油缸的伸缩臂装置、 起重机。
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案， 下面结合附 图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。为便于理解和描述的筒洁， 下文将单缸插销油缸结合于伸缩臂装置进行描述，有益效果不再重复论述。
请参考图 2和图 3 , 图 2为本发明所提供单缸插销油缸一种具体实施 方式的结构原理图； 图 3为图 2中单缸插销油缸设置于伸缩臂内的结构示 意图。
该具体实施方式中的单缸插销油缸， 具有缸筒 20和插装于缸筒 20内 的缸杆 40, 缸杆 40与伸缩臂装置的基本臂 10固定。 缸筒 20上设有缸销 油缸 201和臂销油缸 202,缸销油缸 201用于连接缸筒 20和伸缩臂装置的 任一节臂， 缸筒 20在液压油作用下伸缩时驱动与缸筒 20通过缸销连接的 节臂伸缩， 臂销油缸 202连接插拔部件 203 , 臂销油缸 202的伸缩带动插 拔部件 203插拔， 从而锁定相邻节臂或解除锁定。
与现有技术不同的是，该实施例中单缸插销油缸缸筒 20的外周壁固定 有自浸式油源 30。 请参考图 4, 图 4为图 3中自浸式油源的一种结构原理 图。
自浸式油源 30主要包括自浸式油泵 302、 置放自浸式油泵 302的油壶 301 , 以及驱动自浸式油泵 302的电机（图中未示出）。 自浸式油泵 302位 于油壶 301内， 直接自油壶 301内吸取液压油并向与之连接的执行元件泵 送液压油， 该种结构形式的自浸式油泵 302可以采用小型的油泵（缸销油 缸 201和臂销油缸 202的液压油需求较小）和与之配合的油壶 301 , 由于 将自浸式油泵 302置于油壶 301内，自浸式油源 30的整体体积较小，此外， 该自浸式油泵 302由电机驱动， 电机可以采用体积较小的小型电机， 电机 输出轴连接自浸式油泵 302的旋转轴 304以传输动力。
请继续参考图 3 , 自浸式油源 30固定于单缸插销油缸的缸筒 20上， 即实际上，自浸式油源 30位于缸筒 20外周壁和伸缩臂内周壁之间空隙处。 缸筒 20伸缩时， 带动外周壁上的自浸式油源 30伸缩， 图 3中示出的自浸 式油源 30沿缸筒 20伸缩运行的导轨 101运行。 缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202均与自浸式油泵 302连通， 自浸式油泵 302驱动缸销油缸 201和臂销 油缸 202动作， 由于缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202均设于缸筒 20上， 则自 浸式油源 30与缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202均随缸筒 20同步动作， 保证 自浸式油源 30与缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202之间的管路处于较为稳定的 状态。
该实施例中的单缸插销油缸采用了自浸式油源 30,由于自浸式油源 30 的体积较小， 可以设置于伸缩臂的内部， 且驱动自浸式油泵 302的电机的 电路系统（电源、 控制线束 303及其他电子元件等体积较小 )也可以布置 于伸缩臂内部， 因此， 缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202的油源可以设置于伸 缩臂的内部。 相较于现有技术， 缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202无需外部油 源供油， 故该实施例中单缸插销油缸的内部无需设置芯管和相应的管道， 结构筒单、 油缸的重量得以减低， 且便于加工、 制造成本较低； 另， 由于 油缸内部未设置芯管， 单缸插销油缸不易变形， 工作可靠度高； 此外， 缸 销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202具有专用的内置自浸式油源 30,则缸销油缸 201 和臂销油缸 202的工作可靠性也得以提高。
进一步地， 自浸式油源 30可以安装于缸销油缸 201或臂销油缸 202 处。 继续参见 2, 臂销油缸 202和缸销油缸 201之间具有一定距离， 自浸 式油源 30可以靠近臂销油缸 202, 也可以靠近缸销油缸 201。 当自浸式油 源 30靠近缸销油缸 201时， 至缸销油缸 201的管路较短， 压力损失较小， 背压也较小， 则缸销油缸 201的响应快， 复位时间短， 具有较高的动作灵 敏度， 则伸缩臂中节臂与缸筒 20 的锁定和解锁更为灵敏； 当自浸式油源 30靠近臂销油缸 202时， 同理， 臂销油缸 202响应快， 各节臂之间的解锁 和锁定也更为灵敏。
由于缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202通常处于单缸插销油缸缸筒 20的缸 筒头部 201 (缸筒 20靠近基本臂 10尾部的一端 ) , 可以将自浸式油源 30 安装于缸筒头部 201处。则可以使自浸式油源 30与缸销油缸 201和臂销油 缸 202之间的管路均较短且大致相当， 缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202的响 应速度一致， 使得缸筒 20和节臂、 节臂和节臂之间的动作更加协调， 以配 合单缸插销油缸带动节臂伸缩。
在进一步的技术方案中， 油壶 301的上端可以铰接于缸筒 20的外周 壁， 由于伸缩臂作业时， 可能翻转倾斜， 油壶 301也随之处于翻转倾斜的 状态， 导致自浸式油泵 302可能出现倒吸现象， 尤其当油壶 301内的液压 油较少时， 油壶翻转 301后， 自浸式油泵 302的吸油管路可能不与液压油 液面接触。 油壶 301铰接于缸筒 20后， 即使缸筒 20随伸缩臂翻转， 油壶 301也可以在重力作用下保持竖直状态， 防止自浸式油泵 302倒吸。
虽然油壶 301铰接时， 在重力作用下可以处于竖直状态， 但伸缩臂翻 转速度和幅度较大时， 油壶 301可能克服重力反转， 故还可以在油壶 301 的底部设置平衡块 3011 , 平衡块 3011 为具备一定重量的物体， 固定于油 壶 301的底部， 使得油壶 301的重心偏于油壶 301的底部。 该种结构的油 壶 301 , 在伸缩臂翻转过程中， 由于平衡块 3011设置于油壶 301底部， 在 重力作用下， 油壶 301能够始终处于大致竖直的状态 （油壶 301在伸缩臂 翻转倾斜时， 可能具有轻微的摆动）， 防止油壶 301反转， 保证自浸式油泵 302始终可以吸取液压油。
具体地， 自浸式油源 30还可以包括蓄能器 305 , 蓄能器 305中存储一 定的液压油， 缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202还与蓄能器 305连通。 当自浸 式油泵 302产生故障时，蓄能器 305还可以为缸销油缸 201和臂销油缸 202 继续供油， 即作为应急油泵使用，进一步提高单缸插销油缸的工作可靠性。
除了上述单缸插销油缸和伸缩臂装置， 本发明还提供一种起重机， 具 有底盘和位于底盘之上的伸缩臂装置， 所述伸缩臂装置为上述任一项所述 的伸缩臂装置。 由于上述伸缩臂装置具有上述技术效果， 具有该伸缩臂装 置的起重机也具有相同的技术效果， 在此不赘述。
以上对本发明所提供的一种单缸插销油缸及具有该油缸的伸缩臂装 置、 起重机进行了详细介绍。 本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实 施方式进行了阐述， 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及 其核心思想。 应当指出， 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离 本发明原理的前提下， 还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰， 这些改进和 修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种单缸插销油缸， 具有缸筒（20)和插装于所述缸筒（20) 内的 缸杆（40), 所述缸筒 （20)上设有插销油缸（201 )和臂销油缸（202), 其特征在于， 所述缸筒（20)的外周壁固定有自浸式油源（30), 所述自浸 式油源（30) 包括自浸式油泵（ 302)、 置放所述自浸式油泵（ 302)的油壶 (301)、 驱动所述自浸式油泵（302) 的电机； 所述插销油缸（201 )和所 述臂销油缸（202) 均与所述自浸式油泵（302)连通。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插销油缸， 其特征在于， 所述自浸式油 源 （30)安装于所述插销油缸（201)或所述臂销油缸（202)处。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插销油缸， 其特征在于， 所述自浸式油 源 （30)安装于所述缸筒 （20) 的头部。
4、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的单缸插销油缸， 其特征在于， 所 述油壶（301) 的上端铰接于所述缸筒 （20) 的外周壁。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的单缸插销油缸，其特征在于，所述油壶（ 301 ) 的底部设有平衡块（3011), 以使所述油壶 （301 )保持竖直状态。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的单缸插销油缸， 其特征在于， 所述自浸式油 源（ 30 )还包括蓄能器（ 305 ),所述插销油缸（ 201 )和所述臂销油缸（ 202 ) 还与所述蓄能器（ 305 )连通。
7、 一种伸缩臂装置， 具有依次嵌套的节臂， 以及驱动各所述节臂伸缩 的单缸插销油缸， 其特征在于， 所述单缸插销油缸为权利要求 1至 6任一 项所述的伸缩臂装置。
8、 一种起重机， 具底盘和位于所述底盘之上的伸缩臂装置， 其特征在 于， 所述伸缩臂装置为权利要求 7所述的伸缩臂装置。
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