WO2013087769A1 - Mécanisme d'entraînement, moyen de déplacement à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids et procédé de déplacement à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids - Google Patents

Mécanisme d'entraînement, moyen de déplacement à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids et procédé de déplacement à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013087769A1
WO2013087769A1 PCT/EP2012/075385 EP2012075385W WO2013087769A1 WO 2013087769 A1 WO2013087769 A1 WO 2013087769A1 EP 2012075385 W EP2012075385 W EP 2012075385W WO 2013087769 A1 WO2013087769 A1 WO 2013087769A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
force
seat
introduction element
drive mechanism
coupled
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Application number
PCT/EP2012/075385
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Hennig
Original Assignee
Roland Hennig
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Publication date
Application filed by Roland Hennig filed Critical Roland Hennig
Publication of WO2013087769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013087769A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drive mechanism, a muscle and weight driven vehicle, and a method for muscle and weight driven travel.
  • a bicycle is a one-lane land vehicle that is powered by muscle power by pedaling a crank.
  • the drive mechanism provides via its crank a circular motion which must be described by the legs or feet of the person driving the bicycle. This circular movement contains two dead centers of the crank within one revolution, at which no force can be introduced into the mechanism.
  • the crank passes through only in a small circle segment an optimal angular position, in which the effective lever arm corresponds to the pivot point of the crank approximately the crank length. In all other positions of the crank, the angular position for generating the drive torque is not optimal.
  • DD 204 671 A5 describes a drive mechanism for bicycles, in which lever with Pedals are provided. These are alternately kicked, similar to conventional crank pedals, alternately from the left and right leg of the person driving the bicycle. The driving force thus generated is reacted either via a related crank to the levers in a rotational movement for propulsion, 'or it can be operated so that the hydraulic cylinder to provide a hydraulic pressure for a hydraulic motor, which generates a thrust.
  • this drive mechanism as in conventional bicycles, an alternating lateral force introduction through the legs is necessary.
  • the present invention has the object to provide an improved drive mechanism available. Furthermore, a means of locomotion and a method of locomotion are to be provided in which such a mechanism is used.
  • this object is achieved by a mechanism having the features of claim 1 and / or a muscle and weight-driven means of locomotion with the features of claim 22 and / or by a method having the features of claim 25. Accordingly, it is provided:
  • a drive mechanism for the muscular and weight-driven movement of a person with at least one of a person's muscular strength substantially in a first direction displaceable force introduction element, with a by weight of the person displaced in a substantially second direction seat, said at least one
  • the force introduction element and the seat are force-transmittingly coupled to at least one propulsion wheel such that displacement of the at least one force introduction element in the first direction causes a driving force on the at least one propulsion wheel and displacing the seat in the second direction drives a driving force on the at least one or another driving wheel causes.
  • a muscle and weight-driven means of locomotion for at least one person in particular with at least one drive mechanism according to the invention.
  • a method for the musculoskeletal and weight-driven movement of a person in particular with a drive mechanism according to the invention or a muscle and weight-driven means of transport according to the invention, with the steps: driving at least one propulsion wheel by muscle-power operated displacing at least one force-transmitting coupled to the at least one propulsion wheel crankless Force introduction element in a first direction, in particular in the direction of gravity, from a starting position into a displaced position; Displacing at least one force-transmitting with the at least one propulsion wheel crankless coupled seat and the body center of gravity of the person against a second direction, in particular the direction of gravity, from a starting position to a displaced position; Driving the at least one propulsion wheel through
  • the invention / idea underlying the present invention is to eliminate the losses of conventional crank mechanisms by dispensing with a crank mechanism in the drive mechanism and instead generating a torque either directly on a propulsion wheel or without transferring it to the propulsion wheel without an intermediate crank ,
  • this moment should not, as hitherto customary, only be applied by the muscular strength of one leg, but alternately by the muscular strength of both legs and / or arms and the weight of a person in two phases, a working phase and a resting phase.
  • the drive mechanism can thereby optimally use both the muscle power and the weight of the driver and crankless, d. H. Without having to overcome dead centers of a crank, evenly transferred to the propulsion wheel.
  • the muscular force and the weight force can be introduced substantially constantly and converted into a substantially constant propulsion force.
  • the person rises from the seat and thus at least partially shifts his weight to the force introduction elements, which are thereby displaced in the first direction.
  • the propulsion wheel is driven via a force-transmitting coupling. This can be done with two extremities of the person at the same time on a common force introduction element or on each extremity individually provided force introduction elements. This is conceivable
  • the mechanism is not limited to use in means of transport.
  • An application of the mechanism according to the invention is also conceivable for other motion concepts such as exercise trainer, ergometer and the like.
  • a two-wheeled vehicle in a lane for an individual is described in the embodiments. Unlike a conventional bicycle, the person driving the vehicle thus performs a movement similar to a riding movement or the movements made in squats.
  • the mechanism according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be used for any type of person-conveying means of locomotion.
  • means of transportation with two wheels for several people means of transportation with three or four wheels for one or more persons, to passenger buses for 4 to 50 or more persons are conceivable, wherein a drive mechanism may be provided for each person can.
  • each individual person in a means of transportation themselves contribute to the propulsion of the means of transport.
  • locomotion means with at least three wheels, in particular in locomotion for a person such as wheelchairs, at least two drive mechanisms and propulsion wheels according to the invention can be provided per person. These can each be coupled with separate force introduction elements, so that the vehicle can be steered by different application of force and / or by different braking.
  • a force-transmitting coupling of the force introduction element and / or the seat with a propulsion wheel may comprise any type of mechanical power transmission but also an electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic and / or other energy-transporting and convertible into driving force transmission.
  • Seat receptacles may have any correspondingly adapted design, for example pneumatic or hydraulic pistons in a cylinder for a pneumatic or hydraulic power transmission or a type of mechanical device such as a rack arranged in the gravitational direction in conjunction with a cardan shaft, a pull chain bracket with pull chain, a rod-translated Lever, a simple lever or the like or a combination thereof.
  • the seat does not have to be with the same propulsion wheel as the
  • Force introduction elements or levers coupled to transmit power may be coupled to another or additional propulsion wheel.
  • this may be a flywheel or a spring in the case of mechanical power transmission, a pressure vessel in the case of pneumatics, a bladder accumulator in the case of a hydraulic system, a battery in the case of electrical power transmission, and the like.
  • the at least one force introduction element, the seat and the drive wheel are coupled in a force-transmitting manner such that the displacement of the at least one force introduction element in the first ridge from a starting position into a displaced position simultaneously causes a driving force and a displacement of the seat causes against the second direction from an initial position to a displaced position. This restores the seat to the displaced position after a rest period.
  • This retrieval of the seat can be realized in a variety of ways, depending on the principle provided for the transmission. In a mechanical power transmission, the seat can with the
  • Force introduction elements to be mechanically coupled, for example via an additional mechanism to a freewheel and / or at least one kinematically suitably designed additional rod and / or a toothed or Kettenradcruung and / or a pull chain or the like.
  • a return spring for the seat may be provided.
  • an additional drive can be provided for this purpose.
  • the first direction in which the at least one force introduction element is displaceable and / or the second direction in which the seat is displaceable is substantially equal to the direction of gravity. "Equal gravity direction" is to be understood as perpendicular to a horizontal plane.
  • left and right force introduction elements are provided for simultaneously displacing substantially in the first direction.
  • at least two extremities of the person can simultaneously introduce muscle power into the mechanism independently of each other.
  • the at least one force introduction element is designed for leg actuation.
  • Dem- corresponding pedals, treads or anchoring devices for hanging or otherwise anchoring of one or both feet or shoes are provided.
  • the at least one force introduction element is designed for arm actuation. Accordingly, handles, elbow support surfaces or other devices designed to introduce force from one or both arms and / or one or both hands are provided. Force introduction elements can also be designed for arm and leg actuation. In a preferred embodiment, these are at least one
  • Force introduction element and the seat together or individually coupled to at least one hydraulic pressure generating device which converts the muscle and weight of the person in hydraulic pressure and at least one hydraulically coupled to a hydraulic motor, wherein the driving force is caused by means of the at least one hydraulic motor by the hydraulic pressure on at least one propulsion wheel.
  • a hydraulic accumulator for storing energy can additionally be provided between the pressure generating device and the hydraulic motor.
  • the retrieval of the seat and / or a retrieval of the at least one force introduction element can be realized hydraulically in this case by a back pressure in the respective pump and / or by a return spring. Analogous to hydraulic components and pneumatic components can be provided.
  • the at least one force introduction element is designed as a lever, which is formed at a first end for introducing force and at a second end with at least one driving wheel is coupled force-transmitting.
  • the force-transmitting coupling of the lever with the propulsion wheel depending on the principle provided for the power transmission, providable in various ways.
  • mechanical coupling for example, a freewheel or a centrifugal clutch is conceivable.
  • hydraulic coupling would be suitable for a torque converter.
  • a hydraulic accumulator or pressure cylinder downstream of the lever would be possible in combination with a corresponding drive motor.
  • an energy buffer adapted to the respective principle can be provided between the lever and the propulsion wheel.
  • the forces are introduced into the propulsion wheel on both sides of the propulsion wheel in order to avoid unilateral skewing of the levers.
  • the lever is rotatably coupled to the at least one propulsion wheel via a freewheel and describes when displacing the lever end a circular segment, with a circular arc segment extending substantially in the first direction.
  • the center of the arc is, for example, in the center of the freewheel, which is preferably also the center of the propulsion wheel. Alternatively, the freewheel can also be arranged at a different position and the force can be transmitted from this position via an additional force transmission element to the propulsion wheel.
  • the predetermined working angle can be changed so that it can be adapted to the respective requirements, depending on the type of use and / or purpose of the mechanism.
  • the reference plane can be any plane where an ergonomically sensible movement is possible to force the person normal to the plane.
  • the horizontal force transmission can act directly on the freewheel and / or the propulsion wheel.
  • the horizontal introduction of force if appropriate via further force-transmitting elements, can be diverted in a vertical direction and act vertically on the freewheel and / or the propulsion wheel.
  • the lever is provided with a return device, in particular a return spring, for returning the lever against the first direction from a displaced position to a starting position.
  • a coupling between the seat and lever for returning the lever when displacing the seat in the second direction may be provided. This coupling can be realized in a variety of ways analogous to the coupling for returning the seat, depending on the principle provided for the transmission.
  • the respective couplings of the seat and the lever may also be provided as a common coupling for returning the seat and the lever alternately in the respective phases or positions of the mechanism.
  • lever and seat could be optionally or additionally coupled via a kinematics.
  • the entire movement would be kinematically related.
  • the seat is coupled in a force-transmitting manner via a fulcrum and / or via a freewheel with at least one propulsion wheel.
  • the seat is articulated to the frame via a seat post.
  • the fulcrum works analogous to the lever.
  • the seat is connected to a seat post. This is movable or firmly connected to the seat and in a leadership linear or with a slight rotational movement about as far as possible a pole substantially in the second direction, preferably in the direction of gravity displaced.
  • the seat post is pivotally connected to the fulcrum and thus transmits the seat weight force to the seat post.
  • the lever support should preferably describe a working angle of approx. + 15 ° or less relative to the reference plane, preferably to the horizontal plane, when moving the seat.
  • the force-transmitting coupling of the seat with the driving wheel is also depending on the principle provided for the power transmission in many different ways providable. Both the fulcrum and the lever (s) may be lockable so that they can be fixed in a state of free rolling of the propulsion wheel. It is also conceivable that only the lever or only the lever support is detected, while only the lever support or only the lever is still movable.
  • the seat is hinged to the frame via the seat post. Ie. the seat post is rotatably mounted about an axis on the frame and the rotation causes a displacement of the seat along an arc segment substantially in the second
  • the introduced via the seat force is transmitted for example hydraulically, via train chains and / or at least one chain drive on the propulsion wheel.
  • the lever forms a leverage arm which is longer than the lever support and which is effective for propulsion. That is, the lever for the legs and / or arms is preferably longer than the lever support for the weight of the person.
  • the mechanism is attached to it
  • the force introduced into the lever (s) in the working phase is smaller than the weight force applied in the resting phase.
  • the lever lengths of the lever and the fulcrum are ideally designed according to the ratio of the person's muscle power to the person's weight. It is therefore conceivable that different Hebelarmfurnbib be provided for different people.
  • levers and / or the fulcrum may be provided for length and / or angle adjustment for adjusting the lever arm length ratio.
  • the levers can then be adjusted independently of each other in the lever length and / or in a lever angle.
  • known locking mechanisms, telescopic arms, locking screws, lockable adjustable angle elements or the like may be provided on the levers.
  • the at least one force introduction element, the seat and the at least one propulsion wheel are coupled in such a force-transmitting manner that the displacement of the seat in the second direction from the displaced position into the starting position simultaneously causes a driving force and a displacement of the force introduction element against first direction from a displaced position in a starting position causes.
  • the seat and the force introduction element are kinematically coupled with each other. If this coupling works in both directions, ie the seat is also displaced when the force introduction element is displaced, the sequence of movements is clearly structured and predictable, which facilitates the handling of the drive mechanism. Furthermore, it is thus possible, if only little force is to be introduced into the mechanism, only with a partial discharge the seat or the force introduction element to generate a driving force.
  • the weight of the person in the working phase could only be shifted to the force introduction element in a proportion which must be more than 50% (eg 60%, 75% or 80%) and, at the same time, a driving force and a lifting of the seat be caused. The same is true in the resting phase with the introduction of force into the seat.
  • a proportion which must be more than 50% eg 60%, 75% or 80%
  • the tensile force transmitting element is designed as a deflected pull chain.
  • the pull chain is articulated at one end to the force introduction element and at the other end to the seat and is deflected by means of a chainring such that a displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction causes a tensile force on the pull chain, which is used to displace the seat against the second direction leads.
  • the displacement of the seat in the second direction leads to a displacement of the Kraf introducing element against the first direction.
  • an easy-to-implement kinematic coupling is thus created an easy-to-implement kinematic coupling.
  • the pull chain can also be coupled in a force-transmitting manner with a shaft which is coupled in a force-transmitting manner to the drive wheel, for example via two freewheels.
  • a force introduction element in the first direction and the displacement of the seat in the second direction in each case the shaft in a driving force on the propulsion wheel generating rotation.
  • the kinematic coupling of the seat with the force introduction element advantageously combined in one element with the power transmission to the propulsion wheel.
  • the at least one force introduction element, the seat and the at least one propulsion wheel are coupled in such a force-transmitting manner that a displacement of the force introduction element both in and against the first direction causes a drive force on the at least one propulsion wheel and a displacement the seat causes a driving force on the at least one or a further driving wheel both in and against the second direction.
  • a drive mechanism is provided, in which the person can simultaneously transfer the weight of their body weight and an additional muscle force by counter-pressing or a counter-pull on the propulsion wheel. In the working phase, it is thus possible, simultaneously with the displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction, to pull the seat counter to the second direction (for example, upwards).
  • Generates force introduction element which can be used as additional driving force. For example, this can be done by an additional body extension of the upper body of the person who pulls or pushes the seat against the second direction while it pulls or pushes the force introduction element in the first direction. Furthermore, it is possible for the person to pull himself into the seat during the rest phase, for example by pulling on the force introduction element. Thus, in addition to the weight force in the seat one on the force introduction element against the first
  • Direction-acting force generated which can be used as additional driving force.
  • the first and second directions are essentially same and preferably also the same direction of gravity.
  • devices for coupling the legs and / or arms of the person to the force introduction element are provided on the force introduction element, which are designed such that forces can be introduced by the person in and against the first direction on the force introduction element.
  • a firm connection of the person to the force introduction element can be provided, which creates more possible uses of the drive mechanism.
  • the devices may be, for example, click pedals and corresponding shoes, or alternatively loops, straps or the like.
  • ergonomic grips formed in both directions for force introduction and, optionally or additionally, a hook-and-loop strap attached to the wrist are possible. Armrests and the like can also be supplemented.
  • means for coupling the body of the person to the seat are provided on the seat, which are designed such that the person forces in and against the second direction on the seat can be introduced.
  • Such devices may be formed, for example, as a hip belt, as harness with multiple straps, as a shoulder strap or shoulder straps.
  • the crankless force-transmitting coupling in the first or second direction comprises at least one chain drive with a chain extending between two sprockets in the first or second direction, at which the force introduction element or the seat by means of an articulated on the force application element or on the seat mounted coupling member is coupled force-transmitting.
  • the chain can also be replaced with a belt or other equivalent element.
  • the coupling member has a first pinion with freewheel and a first chain tensioner, and the chain drive and the pinion with freewheel are force-transmitting in a running direction.
  • the power transmission is advantageously limited to the advancing direction, so that the least possible friction arises when retrieving the force application element or the seat.
  • the freewheel thus blocks upon a displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction or a displacement of the seat in the second direction, so that the force introduced thereby is transmitted to the chain.
  • the chain is then coupled force-transmitting to the propulsion wheel, for example directly or with another chain drive.
  • the coupling member has a second pinion with freewheel and a second chain tensioner, which are arranged on the first pinion opposite side of the chain drive such that the force introduction element in a displacement against the first direction on the second pinion with the Chain drive is coupled in a force-transmitting manner in the first running direction or that the seat is coupled in a force-transmitting manner in a displacement in the second direction via the second pinion to the chain drive in the first running direction.
  • the force is allowed in and against the first direction by means of the force introduction element or in and against the second direction by means of the seat
  • the first and second directions are preferably the same or parallel to one another.
  • two chain drives are provided, wherein a first chain drive is coupled force-transmitting with the Kraftein ⁇ line element in and against the first direction and a second chain drive with the seat in and against the second direction is coupled force-transmitting.
  • This arrangement is advantageous so that a maximum stroke for the force introduction element and the seat can be made available and at the same time a first coupling element hinged to the force introduction element and a second coupling link articulated to the seat do not collide.
  • the chain drive is long enough or the stroke is rather short interpretation is also conceivable to provide only one chain drive and limit the stroke of the coupling links along the chain drive to a maximum of half the length of the chain drive.
  • the two chain drives are each coupled with a first sprocket via a respective freewheel with a sprocket, which is coupled to transmit power to the propulsion wheel.
  • Both chain drives are provided in the same first direction of force transmitting or free-rotating in the same second direction in the sprocket axis.
  • a kinematic system is provided, which makes it possible in any position of the mechanism at a force in the force application element or in the seat to implement the introduced force in a driving force on the propulsion wheel.
  • a second axis is provided, on which the two chain drives are mounted completely freely rotating, each with a second sprocket. At this axis se, if present, also be the deflection wheel for the pull chain mounted freely rotating.
  • a muscle and weight-driven means of transport at least one planetary gear and / or a double planetary gear with freewheel is provided on the at least one force introduction element for adjusting the ratio and / or gearshift.
  • the planetary gear and / or a double planetary gear can be provided and designed analogously to known hub gears for manual switching. It may additionally be provided a coupling.
  • a planetary gear is not limiting. It may optionally or additionally be provided a continuously variable and / or automatic transmission and / or any other type of transmission, which serves to adapt the translation.
  • a storage medium for storing energy and at least one drive for converting stored energy into propulsion are provided.
  • a drive mechanism according to the invention as a kind of hybrid drive.
  • any principle mentioned in connection with the drive mechanism for power transmission can be used.
  • all possible arrangements of hybrid variants are conceivable.
  • the drive can be integrated into the freewheel and / or in the transmission and / or act on the same propulsion wheel as the drive mechanism and / or act on at least one other and / or at least one additional propulsion wheel.
  • a range extender embodiment of the drive mechanism of this be designed and provided to load or fill the storage medium directly, so that the driving force is generated on the propulsion wheel only via the drive.
  • the force introduced via the drive mechanism in this case causes a drive force buffered by the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can be loaded in advance of a trip, so that by operating the drive mechanism, the range of the means of transport is increased.
  • only the work introduced via the drive mechanism on the drive can be converted into propulsion.
  • the storage medium can also serve as an energy buffer, and absorb, for example, when braking or when driving downhill excess energy, and give it back as needed, for example, on a slope or to increase the speed of travel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a mechanism according to the invention and a means of transport according to the invention; the mechanism and the means of transportation in a different position;
  • Lever and the fulcrum an embodiment of the means of locomotion; a mechanism according to the invention and a means of transport according to the invention; a flow chart of a method according to the invention; a flow chart of a method according to the invention; a chain drive for a force introduction element;
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a mechanism 1 according to the invention and a locomotion means 8 according to the invention.
  • the locomotion means comprises a fixed frame 6 and a driving wheel 4 fastened to the fixed frame via a hub.
  • a freewheel 5 is present at the hub.
  • a lever 2 and a fulcrum 7 are connected at the hub.
  • the fulcrum is connected by a hinge to one end of a saddle rod 12.
  • a boom rod 11 is coupled thereto by a hinge.
  • a saddle 3 is attached to the linkage.
  • the boom rod 11 is also coupled to the fixed frame 6 via a hinge.
  • a return device for the saddle 3 is shown as a return spring 14 in its relaxed state.
  • the lever 2 and the lever support 7 are coupled to the freewheel 5 such that both within a certain Angular segment ⁇ in a rotation direction around the hub can move freely. In the other direction of rotation, they can move only under force or torque transfer to the propulsion wheel 4 to the hub.
  • FIG. 2 shows a displaced position B of the mechanism 1.
  • a person by their body weight generate a force or torque transfer to the propulsion wheel 4 by sitting on the saddle 3.
  • the weight of the body weight is transmitted from the saddle 3 to the seat post 12 and from the seat post 12 to the fulcrum 7.
  • the force is introduced approximately perpendicular to the fulcrum 7 substantially in the direction of gravity g in the fulcrum 7, so that thereby approximately applied to the freewheel 5 a maximum transmittable moment.
  • This moment is transmitted via the freewheel 5 on the propulsion wheel 4 and converted into a rotation of the propulsion wheel 4.
  • a driving force F A at the rolling point of the driving wheel 4 is transmitted to the ground.
  • the force introduced at the lever end 2a is introduced by the person approximately perpendicularly to the lever 2 in the direction of gravitation g into the lever 2, so that thereby an approximately maximum local moment is applied to the freewheel 5. This moment is transmitted via the freewheel 5 on the propulsion wheel 4 and converted into a rotation of it.
  • the propulsion wheel 4 progresses under power transmission from the lever 2, its end 2a descends predominantly in the direction of gravity g, with the lever 2 rotating as a whole with a rotational movement about the freewheel.
  • the lever end 2a is at its lowest point, the displaced position B of the mechanism shown in FIG. 1 is reached again and the sequence of movements can start again from the beginning.
  • levers 2 in different positions A, B and a return spring 13 for the lever are shown in the form of a helical spring.
  • starting position A is the lever end 2a at its highest point.
  • the lever is at a mathematically negative angle -a to the same.
  • displaced position B shown in a solid line, the lever is relative to the horizontal in a mathematically positive angle ⁇ to the same.
  • the return spring 13 is relaxed in the starting position A and stretched in the displaced position B.
  • the lever is returned at discharge from the displaced position B by the spring force of the return spring 13 to the starting position A.
  • the saddle 3, the seat post 12 and the fulcrum 7 are shown in the positions A and B.
  • the dashed position shown starting position A is the saddle 3 at its lowest point, that is in one Distance H A in the direction of gravity to a horizontal plane through the lowest point of the Vorriebsrades 4, ie the roller plane.
  • a propulsion must now be generated again by pedaling the lever 2.
  • the saddle 3 is at its highest point. A propulsion can then be generated by weight on the saddle 3 by putting on the person.
  • FIG. 4 shows the lever 2 and the lever support 7 in a preferred embodiment, in which the lever 2 is longer than the lever support 7.
  • the effective lever arm Li of the lever 2 is longer than the effective lever arm L2 of the fulcrum 7.
  • the different high forces are translated differently.
  • This is ergonomically favorable, because the applied muscle force is less than the applicable weight force in most people, at least for a longer load duration.
  • the duration of the rest phase can be adjusted, preferably slightly longer than the duration of the work phase.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the means of locomotion 8 with a drive mechanism 1 according to the invention, an additional drive 10 and a storage medium 9 combined therewith.
  • the drive 10 can be, for example, an electric motor which rolls into the brake or downhill wheels
  • the storage medium 9 in this case a battery, charging.
  • this can also be loaded in advance of a trip.
  • the drive 10 can be switched on and provide an additional driving force F A on the driving wheel 4a available.
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the locomotion means 8 with a drive mechanism 1 according to the invention.
  • Hydraulic pumps 15, 16 and hydraulic motors 17, 18 are provided therein.
  • the hydraulic components are hydraulically coupled with each other and accordingly filled pressure-tight with a hydraulic fluid. Hydraulic lines are not shown for clarity.
  • the pump 15 is coupled to the hydraulic motor 17 and the pump 16 is coupled to the hydraulic motor 18.
  • the pump 16 is connected in a force-transmitting manner to the lever 2, the pump 16 being arranged on the end 2 b of the lever 2 designed for the transmission of force. It is still in front of the pivot point of the lever 2, which is located on the hub of the propulsion wheel 4, arranged.
  • the lever 2 acts with its effective lever arm Li to generate pressure on the pump 16.
  • the lever arm Li results from the distances between the end 2a of the lever 2, the pump 16 and the pivot point of the lever 2.
  • In the working phase is by moving the Force introduction trained end 2a of the lever 2 substantially in the gravitational direction g from the initial position A in the illustrated displaced position B generates a hydraulic pressure in the pump 16.
  • This pressure is conducted to the hydraulic motor 18, which converts the hydraulic pressure into a moment on the propulsion wheel 4 and thus into a driving force.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 each show a flow chart of a method according to the invention.
  • the method is provided for the muscle- and weight-driven movement of at least one person, in particular with at least one inventive drive mechanism or a muscle and weight-driven locomotion device according to the invention.
  • a first step S1 includes driving at least one propulsion wheel by means of force-actuated displacement of at least one force-transmitting element, which is coupled to the propulsion wheel in a crank-free manner in a first directional motion. tion, in particular in the direction of gravity, from a starting position to a displaced position.
  • a second step S1 includes driving at least one propulsion wheel by means of force-actuated displacement of at least one force-transmitting element, which is coupled to the propulsion wheel in a crank-free manner in a first directional motion. tion, in particular in the direction of gravity, from a starting position to a displaced position.
  • a second step S1 includes driving at least one propulsion wheel by means of force-actuated displacement of at
  • Step S2 may, as shown in Figure 7, parallel to the first step Sl or alternatively, as shown in Figure 8, take place after the first step Sl.
  • the second step S2 includes the displacement of at least one force-transmitting with the drive wheel crankless coupled seat and the body center of gravity of the person against a second direction, in particular the direction of gravity, from a starting position in a displaced position.
  • a third step S3, which occurs after the second step S2, includes driving the propulsion wheel by displacing the seat and the center of gravity of the person in the second direction from the displaced position to the starting position by means of weight introduced from the weight of the person into the seat.
  • a fourth step S4 can, as shown in FIG. 7, take place in parallel with the third step S3 or alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, after the third step S3.
  • the fourth step S4 includes retrieving the at least one force introduction element from the displaced position into the
  • FIG. 9 shows a chain drive 30 for a force introduction element 2.
  • the chain drive has two chain wheels 31, 32 and a chain 33 extending therebetween in the direction of gravitation g.
  • On the chain 33 a hingedly mounted on the force transmission element 2 coupling member 34 for driving the chain 33 is provided.
  • the coupling member 34 is formed as a rod and has at the end facing the chain 33 a
  • Crosspiece on which a first pinion 35 with freewheel and a first chain tensioner 36 are mounted. Further, on the cross piece on the side opposite the first pinion 35 side of the chain drive 30 and a second pinion 39th arranged with freewheel and a second chain tensioner 40. Both pinions 35, 39 with freewheel are connected to the chain 33 in operative connection.
  • the chain 33 can be rotated by application of force only a first direction 37. In the first running direction 37, forces can be transmitted from the coupling member 34 via its freewheel pinions 35, 39 to the chain 33, and from the chain 33 to the first sprocket 31.
  • the force introduction element 2 can be displaced either upwards, counter to the gravitational direction g, or downwards, in the direction of gravitation g.
  • the force introduction element 2 When moving the force introduction element 2 down locks the freewheel of the first pinion 35, so that the introduced force is transmitted from the force introduction element 2 via the coupling member 34 on the first pinion 35 on the chain 33.
  • the second pinion 39 runs freely with this movement in his freewheeling direction.
  • the force introduction element 2 is displaced upwards, the freewheeling of the second pinion 39 is blocked and the first pinion 35 runs freely, so that during this movement the force is introduced into the chain 33 on the second pinion 39.
  • the chain is always rotated in a displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction 37.
  • the force introduction element 2 is arranged substantially horizontally and rotatably mounted at a pivot point 43, which may preferably be provided on the hub of the propulsion wheel 4.
  • a pivot point 43 which may preferably be provided on the hub of the propulsion wheel 4.
  • a non-illustrated working angle .alpha..sub.a is also provided which is preferably in the range a ⁇ 25.degree., Particularly preferably in the range 10.degree. To 20.degree.
  • the sprocket axle 41 is coupled in a force-transmitting manner, for example via a further drive chain 42, to the propulsion wheel 4, which is discussed with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13.
  • Fig. 10 shows a chain drive 30 'for a seat 3.
  • This works essentially analogous to chain drive 30 for the force introduction element.
  • An essential difference is that the coupling member 3 v with the seat 3 (instead of the force introduction element 2) and the seat post 11, on which the seat 3 is fixed, is hingedly connected.
  • the seat post 11 is substantially (ie with the working angles as deviation) arranged horizontally and rotatably mounted at a pivot point 44, which may be preferably provided in the front region of a frame 51.
  • the coupling member 34 is formed bent ⁇ .
  • the cranking serves not to collide with the second sprocket 32, which is arranged vertically above the first sprocket 31.
  • Pinion 39 locks up when moving upwards.
  • FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of a drive mechanism according to the invention in which two parallel arranged chain drives 30, 30 'are provided. These are the chain drives 30, 30 * shown individually in FIGS. 9 and 10. These are arranged side by side, so that they overlap in the illustrated side view.
  • the first and the second direction, in which the force introduction element and the seat are displaceable, in this example both correspond to the direction of gravitation g.
  • the two chain drives are kinematically coupled to each other via a pull chain 20. This is fixed to the force introduction element 2 and the coupling member 34 ⁇ of the seat 3 and also serves as a compensation and return element.
  • the pull-in chain 20 When the seat 3 is displaced in the direction of gravitation g, the pull-in chain 20 simultaneously pulls the force introduction element 2 upwards, ie counter to the direction of gravitation g. Likewise, when the force introduction element 2 is displaced in the gravitational direction g, the seat 3 mounted on the seat post 11 is automatically pulled upwards by the pull chain 20. Thus, only by a weight shift of the person between the seat 3 and the force introduction element 2 already take place a drive on the propulsion wheel, not shown. This kinematic coupling allows the drive mechanism to operate in different modes.
  • Force introduction element used in the direction of gravity In a second mode of operation, the full body weight of the person can be used to shift the force introduction element 2 or, in the resting phase, the seat 3 in the direction of movement g in the work phase. Thus, a high driving force, which is generated by displacement of the seat 3 or of the force introduction element 2 with the total weight of the person's body weight, can be transferred to the propulsion wheel 4.
  • an additional force can be introduced in addition to the full body weight. This is achieved by the force coupling of the legs and the body trunk of the person in and against the gravitational direction g.
  • Fig. 12 shows the drive mechanism of Fig. 11 in a plan view. Therein, in particular the parallel arrangement of the chain drives 30 and 30 ⁇ is illustrated. Furthermore, it is also shown that the pull chain 20 and the drive chain 42 are arranged on the chain drives 30, 30 x opposite side of the drive mechanism.
  • the chain drives 30, 30 ⁇ and the frame 51 are shown here only schematically for clarity. The plotted positions are therefore changeable. In particular, the outer chain drive 30 may be located closer to the center of the frame.
  • the force introduction element 2 and the seat post 11 are each formed as U-shaped tubes and respectively to the
  • the click pedals 21 are attached to the outside of the force introduction element 2.
  • the seat 3 is formed as a saddle with a hip belt, not shown, and arranged centrally above the chain drives 30, 30 x .
  • FIG. 13 shows a means of locomotion with a drive mechanism according to FIGS. 11 and 12. This is embodied here as an example of a bicycle 50.
  • the bicycle 50 has a
  • Frame 51 on which all sprockets of the drive mechanism are mounted. Furthermore, it has a propulsion wheel 4 and a front wheel 52.
  • the frame 51 has a front 53, on which the seat post 11 is loaded. is gert. Further, it has a rear 54, on which the Raftein effetselernent is stored.
  • a separate chain drive is provided for transmitting power from the sprocket axle to the driving wheel.
  • the means of transport with a drive mechanism is exemplified here as a bicycle.
  • the principle of the drive mechanism is not limited to this, but can be applied to any type of muscle-powered means of locomotion or movement concept, in particular also to tricycles, wheelchairs, ergometers or also to multi-person vehicles.
  • the force on the force introduction element can alternatively be introduced, for example, with the arms of a person. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
  • Waist belt means for coupling the body trunk 30, 30 1 crank drive

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un mécanisme d'entraînement (1) pour le déplacement d'au moins une personne, à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids, comportant au moins un élément d'application de force (2) pouvant se déplacer sensiblement dans une première direction par la force musculaire de la personne, et un siège (3) pouvant se déplacer sensiblement dans une seconde direction par le poids de la personne, l'élément d'application de force (2) et le siège (3) étant accouplés sans bielle à au moins une roue de propulsion (4; 4a), avec transmission de la force, de telle manière qu'un déplacement de l'élément d'application de force (2) dans la première direction produit une force motrice (FA) sur la au moins une roue de propulsion (4; 4a) et un déplacement du siège (3) dans la seconde direction produit une force motrice (FA) sur la au moins une ou une autre roue de propulsion (4; 4a). La présente invention concerne également un moyen de déplacement (8) d'au moins une personne, à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids, comportant au moins un tel mécanisme d'entraînement (1) ainsi qu'un procédé de déplacement à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids.
PCT/EP2012/075385 2011-12-13 2012-12-13 Mécanisme d'entraînement, moyen de déplacement à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids et procédé de déplacement à entraînement par la force musculaire et par le poids WO2013087769A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011088417.3 2011-12-13
DE102011088417.3A DE102011088417B4 (de) 2011-12-13 2011-12-13 Antriebsmechanismus, muskel- und gewichtsangetriebenes Fortbewegungsmittel und Verfahren zum muskel- und gewichtsangetriebenen Fortbewegen

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WO2013087769A1 true WO2013087769A1 (fr) 2013-06-20

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CN111806616A (zh) * 2020-08-17 2020-10-23 公斌 一种骑马式液压自行车
CN112158291A (zh) * 2020-10-31 2021-01-01 陈桂军 一种利用扭矩增强提供瞬时动力的新型自行车

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GB155853A (en) * 1918-03-20 1921-01-06 Elijah Thomas Burgoyne New or improved means for propelling automobiles, bicycles and the like
DE661298C (de) * 1936-03-04 1938-06-15 Max Voigt Reitroller
US2144538A (en) * 1936-03-18 1939-01-17 Chester C Kaskell Drive means for vehicles and the like
US2252156A (en) * 1939-09-20 1941-08-12 Joseph D Bell Pressure drive mechanism
CH229114A (de) * 1942-11-23 1943-09-30 Diethelm Franz Antriebsvorrichtung an Fahrrädern.
FR974908A (fr) * 1948-11-16 1951-02-27 Dispositif remplaçant les manivelles sur les bicyclettes
DD204671A5 (de) 1982-10-27 1983-12-07 Peter Bortolin Getriebe zur umwandlung einer pendelbewegung in eine drehbewegung, insbesondere fahrradgetriebe

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DE202006009447U1 (de) * 2006-06-16 2006-11-16 Ostapenko, Konstantin Fahrrad
DE102008044817A1 (de) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-18 Fichin, Moussei, Dr. Ing. Fahrzeug (Varianten)
US20100282534A1 (en) * 2009-05-07 2010-11-11 Wei-Ting Lin Motorized Bicycle with Electric Generating Function

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR375815A (fr) * 1906-05-23 1907-07-24 Bernard Peducasse Système de transmission de mouvement avec changement de vitesse, pour cycles et autres applications
GB155853A (en) * 1918-03-20 1921-01-06 Elijah Thomas Burgoyne New or improved means for propelling automobiles, bicycles and the like
DE661298C (de) * 1936-03-04 1938-06-15 Max Voigt Reitroller
US2144538A (en) * 1936-03-18 1939-01-17 Chester C Kaskell Drive means for vehicles and the like
US2252156A (en) * 1939-09-20 1941-08-12 Joseph D Bell Pressure drive mechanism
CH229114A (de) * 1942-11-23 1943-09-30 Diethelm Franz Antriebsvorrichtung an Fahrrädern.
FR974908A (fr) * 1948-11-16 1951-02-27 Dispositif remplaçant les manivelles sur les bicyclettes
DD204671A5 (de) 1982-10-27 1983-12-07 Peter Bortolin Getriebe zur umwandlung einer pendelbewegung in eine drehbewegung, insbesondere fahrradgetriebe

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111806616A (zh) * 2020-08-17 2020-10-23 公斌 一种骑马式液压自行车
CN112158291A (zh) * 2020-10-31 2021-01-01 陈桂军 一种利用扭矩增强提供瞬时动力的新型自行车
CN112158291B (zh) * 2020-10-31 2022-04-12 泉州众联青创科技有限公司 一种利用扭矩增强提供瞬时动力的新型自行车

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