WO2013087769A1

WO2013087769A1 - Drive mechanism, muscle- and weight-driven means of transportation, and method for muscle- and weight-driven transportation

Info

Publication number: WO2013087769A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/075385
Authority: WO
Inventors: Roland Hennig
Original assignee: Roland Hennig
Priority date: 2011-12-13
Filing date: 2012-12-13
Publication date: 2013-06-20
Also published as: DE102011088417A1; DE102011088417B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive mechanism (1) for the muscle- and weight-driven transportation of at least one person, comprising at least one force application element (2) that can be moved substantially in a first direction by the muscle force of the person and a seat (3) that can be moved substantially in a second direction by the weight force of the person, wherein the force application element (2) and the seat (3) are coupled to at least one driving wheel (4; 4a) in a force-transmitting manner without a crank in such a way that movement of the force application element (2) in the first direction causes a driving force (F_A) on the at least one driving wheel (4; 4a) and movement of the seat (3) in the second direction causes a driving force (F_A) on the at least one or an additional driving wheel (4; 4a). The invention further relates to a muscle- and weight-driven means of transportation (8) for at least one person comprising at least one such drive mechanism (1), and to a method for muscle- and weight-driven transportation.

Description

Drive Mechanism, Muscle and Weight Driven Vehicle, and Method of Muscle and Weight Driven Travel. FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a drive mechanism, a muscle and weight driven vehicle, and a method for muscle and weight driven travel.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Drive mechanisms for muscle-driven locomotion exist in various designs. The most common embodiment is found on bicycles. A bicycle is a one-lane land vehicle that is powered by muscle power by pedaling a crank. The drive mechanism provides via its crank a circular motion which must be described by the legs or feet of the person driving the bicycle. This circular movement contains two dead centers of the crank within one revolution, at which no force can be introduced into the mechanism. Furthermore, the crank passes through only in a small circle segment an optimal angular position, in which the effective lever arm corresponds to the pivot point of the crank approximately the crank length. In all other positions of the crank, the angular position for generating the drive torque is not optimal.

There are already approaches for alternative drive mechanisms. DD 204 671 A5 describes a drive mechanism for bicycles, in which lever with Pedals are provided. These are alternately kicked, similar to conventional crank pedals, alternately from the left and right leg of the person driving the bicycle. The driving force thus generated is reacted either via a related crank to the levers in a rotational movement for propulsion, ^'or it can be operated so that the hydraulic cylinder to provide a hydraulic pressure for a hydraulic motor, which generates a thrust. In this drive mechanism, as in conventional bicycles, an alternating lateral force introduction through the legs is necessary.

When transmitting power via the crank further dead points are available. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Against this background, the present invention has the object to provide an improved drive mechanism available. Furthermore, a means of locomotion and a method of locomotion are to be provided in which such a mechanism is used.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a mechanism having the features of claim 1 and / or a muscle and weight-driven means of locomotion with the features of claim 22 and / or by a method having the features of claim 25. Accordingly, it is provided:

A drive mechanism for the muscular and weight-driven movement of a person, with at least one of a person's muscular strength substantially in a first direction displaceable force introduction element, with a by weight of the person displaced in a substantially second direction seat, said at least one

The force introduction element and the seat are force-transmittingly coupled to at least one propulsion wheel such that displacement of the at least one force introduction element in the first direction causes a driving force on the at least one propulsion wheel and displacing the seat in the second direction drives a driving force on the at least one or another driving wheel causes.

A muscle and weight-driven means of locomotion for at least one person, in particular with at least one drive mechanism according to the invention.

A method for the musculoskeletal and weight-driven movement of a person, in particular with a drive mechanism according to the invention or a muscle and weight-driven means of transport according to the invention, with the steps: driving at least one propulsion wheel by muscle-power operated displacing at least one force-transmitting coupled to the at least one propulsion wheel crankless Force introduction element in a first direction, in particular in the direction of gravity, from a starting position into a displaced position; Displacing at least one force-transmitting with the at least one propulsion wheel crankless coupled seat and the body center of gravity of the person against a second direction, in particular the direction of gravity, from a starting position to a displaced position; Driving the at least one propulsion wheel through

Displacing the seat and the body center of gravity of the person in the second direction from the displaced position to the starting position by means of a weight force introduced into the seat by the weight of the person; Returning the at least one Force introduction element from the displaced position to the starting position.

The invention / idea underlying the present invention is to eliminate the losses of conventional crank mechanisms by dispensing with a crank mechanism in the drive mechanism and instead generating a torque either directly on a propulsion wheel or without transferring it to the propulsion wheel without an intermediate crank , In addition, this moment should not, as hitherto customary, only be applied by the muscular strength of one leg, but alternately by the muscular strength of both legs and / or arms and the weight of a person in two phases, a working phase and a resting phase. The drive mechanism can thereby optimally use both the muscle power and the weight of the driver and crankless, d. H. Without having to overcome dead centers of a crank, evenly transferred to the propulsion wheel. In each case, the muscular force and the weight force can be introduced substantially constantly and converted into a substantially constant propulsion force. In the working phase, the person rises from the seat and thus at least partially shifts his weight to the force introduction elements, which are thereby displaced in the first direction. Thus, the propulsion wheel is driven via a force-transmitting coupling. This can be done with two extremities of the person at the same time on a common force introduction element or on each extremity individually provided force introduction elements. This is conceivable

Introducing the muscle force with one, two, three or four extremities of the person, on a force introduction element or on two, three or four force introduction elements, depending on the respective number together, partially alone or alone. The actuation of the force introduction elements can be done by repelling, pressing, lifting, pulling or another movement. In the meantime, the seat, which is at least partially relieved of it, lifts up. As a result of the fact that the person has risen, at the same time as working to displace the force introduction element, he has also lifted his center of gravity against the gravitational direction. The heightened energy level is used in the resting phase by the person sits on the seat also raised and thus affects the weight of their body weight on the seat. By this weight, the seat is displaced in the second direction, thereby driving the propulsion wheel. During this, the thereby relieved force application elements lift and the process described can start from scratch.

The mechanism is not limited to use in means of transport. An application of the mechanism according to the invention is also conceivable for other motion concepts such as exercise trainer, ergometer and the like.

A two-wheeled vehicle in a lane for an individual is described in the embodiments. Unlike a conventional bicycle, the person driving the vehicle thus performs a movement similar to a riding movement or the movements made in squats. The mechanism according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be used for any type of person-conveying means of locomotion. Likewise, means of transportation with two wheels for several people, means of transportation with three or four wheels for one or more persons, to passenger buses for 4 to 50 or more persons are conceivable, wherein a drive mechanism may be provided for each person can. In this case, each individual person in a means of transportation themselves contribute to the propulsion of the means of transport. There are also such means of transport for transporting loads conceivable. In locomotion means with at least three wheels, in particular in locomotion for a person such as wheelchairs, at least two drive mechanisms and propulsion wheels according to the invention can be provided per person. These can each be coupled with separate force introduction elements, so that the vehicle can be steered by different application of force and / or by different braking.

A force-transmitting coupling of the force introduction element and / or the seat with a propulsion wheel may comprise any type of mechanical power transmission but also an electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic and / or other energy-transporting and convertible into driving force transmission. Force introduction elements and the

Seat receptacles may have any correspondingly adapted design, for example pneumatic or hydraulic pistons in a cylinder for a pneumatic or hydraulic power transmission or a type of mechanical device such as a rack arranged in the gravitational direction in conjunction with a cardan shaft, a pull chain bracket with pull chain, a rod-translated Lever, a simple lever or the like or a combination thereof. The seat does not have to be with the same propulsion wheel as the

Force introduction elements or levers coupled to transmit power, but may be coupled to another or additional propulsion wheel. In all types of Kraftüber ragung also provided between the force application element and the propulsion energy buffer is conceivable. For example, this may be a flywheel or a spring in the case of mechanical power transmission, a pressure vessel in the case of pneumatics, a bladder accumulator in the case of a hydraulic system, a battery in the case of electrical power transmission, and the like.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments will become apparent from the other dependent claims and from the description with reference to the figures of the drawing.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one force introduction element, the seat and the drive wheel are coupled in a force-transmitting manner such that the displacement of the at least one force introduction element in the first ridge from a starting position into a displaced position simultaneously causes a driving force and a displacement of the seat causes against the second direction from an initial position to a displaced position. This restores the seat to the displaced position after a rest period. This retrieval of the seat can be realized in a variety of ways, depending on the principle provided for the transmission. In a mechanical power transmission, the seat can with the

Force introduction elements to be mechanically coupled, for example via an additional mechanism to a freewheel and / or at least one kinematically suitably designed additional rod and / or a toothed or Kettenradpaarung and / or a pull chain or the like. Alternatively, a return spring for the seat may be provided. In the case of pneumatic and / or hydraulic and / or electrical power transmission, an additional drive can be provided for this purpose. In a preferred embodiment, the first direction in which the at least one force introduction element is displaceable and / or the second direction in which the seat is displaceable is substantially equal to the direction of gravity. "Equal gravity direction" is to be understood as perpendicular to a horizontal plane.

In a preferred embodiment, left and right force introduction elements are provided for simultaneously displacing substantially in the first direction. Thus, at least two extremities of the person can simultaneously introduce muscle power into the mechanism independently of each other.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one force introduction element is designed for leg actuation. Dem- corresponding pedals, treads or anchoring devices for hanging or otherwise anchoring of one or both feet or shoes are provided.

In a further embodiment, the at least one force introduction element is designed for arm actuation. Accordingly, handles, elbow support surfaces or other devices designed to introduce force from one or both arms and / or one or both hands are provided. Force introduction elements can also be designed for arm and leg actuation. In a preferred embodiment, these are at least one

Force introduction element and the seat together or individually coupled to at least one hydraulic pressure generating device which converts the muscle and weight of the person in hydraulic pressure and at least one hydraulically coupled to a hydraulic motor, wherein the driving force is caused by means of the at least one hydraulic motor by the hydraulic pressure on at least one propulsion wheel. In this case, a hydraulic accumulator for storing energy can additionally be provided between the pressure generating device and the hydraulic motor. The retrieval of the seat and / or a retrieval of the at least one force introduction element can be realized hydraulically in this case by a back pressure in the respective pump and / or by a return spring. Analogous to hydraulic components and pneumatic components can be provided.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one force introduction element is designed as a lever, which is formed at a first end for introducing force and at a second end with at least one driving wheel is coupled force-transmitting. The force-transmitting coupling of the lever with the propulsion wheel, depending on the principle provided for the power transmission, providable in various ways. For mechanical coupling, for example, a freewheel or a centrifugal clutch is conceivable. For hydraulic coupling would be suitable for a torque converter. In other types of hydraulic o or pneumatic coupling, a hydraulic accumulator or pressure cylinder downstream of the lever would be possible in combination with a corresponding drive motor. Here as well, optionally an energy buffer adapted to the respective principle can be provided between the lever and the propulsion wheel. Preferably, the forces are introduced into the propulsion wheel on both sides of the propulsion wheel in order to avoid unilateral skewing of the levers. In a preferred embodiment, the lever is rotatably coupled to the at least one propulsion wheel via a freewheel and describes when displacing the lever end a circular segment, with a circular arc segment extending substantially in the first direction.

The working angle is preferably approximately α = ± 15 ° to a reference plane oriented perpendicular to the first direction, in particular the horizontal plane. The opening angle of the arcuate segment that has been traversed by the lever during a complete movement thus amounts to a total of approximately 2a = 30 °. The effective lever arm is at least about 96% (= cos (15 °)) of total lift depending on the trigonometric relationship of effective lever arm / lever length = cos (a) at all times. The center of the arc is, for example, in the center of the freewheel, which is preferably also the center of the propulsion wheel. Alternatively, the freewheel can also be arranged at a different position and the force can be transmitted from this position via an additional force transmission element to the propulsion wheel. The predetermined working angle can be changed so that it can be adapted to the respective requirements, depending on the type of use and / or purpose of the mechanism. The reference plane can be any plane where an ergonomically sensible movement is possible to force the person normal to the plane. When relocating the

Force application element in the direction of gravity, this is the horizontal plane. For example, but this can also to be a vertical plane. In that case, that would

Force introduction element displaced in a substantially horizontal direction. The horizontal force transmission can act directly on the freewheel and / or the propulsion wheel. Optionally or additionally, the horizontal introduction of force, if appropriate via further force-transmitting elements, can be diverted in a vertical direction and act vertically on the freewheel and / or the propulsion wheel. In a preferred embodiment, the lever is provided with a return device, in particular a return spring, for returning the lever against the first direction from a displaced position to a starting position. Alternatively, a coupling between the seat and lever for returning the lever when displacing the seat in the second direction may be provided. This coupling can be realized in a variety of ways analogous to the coupling for returning the seat, depending on the principle provided for the transmission. The respective couplings of the seat and the lever may also be provided as a common coupling for returning the seat and the lever alternately in the respective phases or positions of the mechanism. For example, lever and seat could be optionally or additionally coupled via a kinematics. Thus, the entire movement would be kinematically related.

In a preferred embodiment, the seat is coupled in a force-transmitting manner via a fulcrum and / or via a freewheel with at least one propulsion wheel. Alternatively or additionally, the seat is articulated to the frame via a seat post. The fulcrum works analogous to the lever. For example, in one embodiment, the seat is connected to a seat post. This is movable or firmly connected to the seat and in a leadership linear or with a slight rotational movement about as far as possible a pole substantially in the second direction, preferably in the direction of gravity displaced. The seat post is pivotally connected to the fulcrum and thus transmits the seat weight force to the seat post. This preferably takes place in a substantially vertical position of the seat post to the seat post, so that the maximum-acting lever arm can be used to build up the drive torque on the freewheel. Similar to the lever, the lever support should preferably describe a working angle of approx. + 15 ° or less relative to the reference plane, preferably to the horizontal plane, when moving the seat. The force-transmitting coupling of the seat with the driving wheel is also depending on the principle provided for the power transmission in many different ways providable. Both the fulcrum and the lever (s) may be lockable so that they can be fixed in a state of free rolling of the propulsion wheel. It is also conceivable that only the lever or only the lever support is detected, while only the lever support or only the lever is still movable. In an alternative embodiment, the seat is hinged to the frame via the seat post. Ie. the seat post is rotatably mounted about an axis on the frame and the rotation causes a displacement of the seat along an arc segment substantially in the second

Direction. The introduced via the seat force is transmitted for example hydraulically, via train chains and / or at least one chain drive on the propulsion wheel. In a further preferred embodiment, the lever forms a leverage arm which is longer than the lever support and which is effective for propulsion. That is, the lever for the legs and / or arms is preferably longer than the lever support for the weight of the person. Thus, the mechanism is attached to it For many people, the force introduced into the lever (s) in the working phase is smaller than the weight force applied in the resting phase. The lever lengths of the lever and the fulcrum are ideally designed according to the ratio of the person's muscle power to the person's weight. It is therefore conceivable that different Hebelarmlängenverhältnisse be provided for different people. Likewise, levers and / or the fulcrum may be provided for length and / or angle adjustment for adjusting the lever arm length ratio. For better ergonomic adaptation to the body dimensions of a person, the levers can then be adjusted independently of each other in the lever length and / or in a lever angle. For this purpose, for example, known locking mechanisms, telescopic arms, locking screws, lockable adjustable angle elements or the like may be provided on the levers.

In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one force introduction element, the seat and the at least one propulsion wheel are coupled in such a force-transmitting manner that the displacement of the seat in the second direction from the displaced position into the starting position simultaneously causes a driving force and a displacement of the force introduction element against first direction from a displaced position in a starting position causes. Thus, the seat and the force introduction element are kinematically coupled with each other. If this coupling works in both directions, ie the seat is also displaced when the force introduction element is displaced, the sequence of movements is clearly structured and predictable, which facilitates the handling of the drive mechanism. Furthermore, it is thus possible, if only little force is to be introduced into the mechanism, only with a partial discharge the seat or the force introduction element to generate a driving force. For example, the weight of the person in the working phase could only be shifted to the force introduction element in a proportion which must be more than 50% (eg 60%, 75% or 80%) and, at the same time, a driving force and a lifting of the seat be caused. The same is true in the resting phase with the introduction of force into the seat. In a further advantageous embodiment form are

Force introduction element and the seat via a traction-transmitting element kinematically coupled. Preferably, the tensile force transmitting element is designed as a deflected pull chain. In this case, the pull chain is articulated at one end to the force introduction element and at the other end to the seat and is deflected by means of a chainring such that a displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction causes a tensile force on the pull chain, which is used to displace the seat against the second direction leads. Conversely, the displacement of the seat in the second direction leads to a displacement of the Kraf introducing element against the first direction. Particularly advantageous is thus created an easy-to-implement kinematic coupling. Alternatively, however, another type of kinematic coupling, for example a belt, a linkage or the like may be provided instead of the pull chain. Furthermore, the pull chain can also be coupled in a force-transmitting manner with a shaft which is coupled in a force-transmitting manner to the drive wheel, for example via two freewheels. For example, the relocation of the

A force introduction element in the first direction and the displacement of the seat in the second direction in each case the shaft in a driving force on the propulsion wheel generating rotation. Thus, the kinematic coupling of the seat with the force introduction element advantageously combined in one element with the power transmission to the propulsion wheel.

In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one force introduction element, the seat and the at least one propulsion wheel are coupled in such a force-transmitting manner that a displacement of the force introduction element both in and against the first direction causes a drive force on the at least one propulsion wheel and a displacement the seat causes a driving force on the at least one or a further driving wheel both in and against the second direction. Thus, a drive mechanism is provided, in which the person can simultaneously transfer the weight of their body weight and an additional muscle force by counter-pressing or a counter-pull on the propulsion wheel. In the working phase, it is thus possible, simultaneously with the displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction, to pull the seat counter to the second direction (for example, upwards). Thus, a spread between seat and

Generates force introduction element, which can be used as additional driving force. For example, this can be done by an additional body extension of the upper body of the person who pulls or pushes the seat against the second direction while it pulls or pushes the force introduction element in the first direction. Furthermore, it is possible for the person to pull himself into the seat during the rest phase, for example by pulling on the force introduction element. Thus, in addition to the weight force in the seat one on the force introduction element against the first

Direction-acting force generated, which can be used as additional driving force. Preferably, for this embodiment, the first and second directions are essentially same and preferably also the same direction of gravity.

According to an advantageous embodiment, devices for coupling the legs and / or arms of the person to the force introduction element are provided on the force introduction element, which are designed such that forces can be introduced by the person in and against the first direction on the force introduction element. Thus, a firm connection of the person to the force introduction element can be provided, which creates more possible uses of the drive mechanism. In the event that the force introduction element is actuated via the legs of the person, the devices may be, for example, click pedals and corresponding shoes, or alternatively loops, straps or the like. For arming, for example, ergonomic grips formed in both directions for force introduction and, optionally or additionally, a hook-and-loop strap attached to the wrist are possible. Armrests and the like can also be supplemented.

In another embodiment, means for coupling the body of the person to the seat are provided on the seat, which are designed such that the person forces in and against the second direction on the seat can be introduced. Such devices may be formed, for example, as a hip belt, as harness with multiple straps, as a shoulder strap or shoulder straps. In one embodiment, the crankless force-transmitting coupling in the first or second direction comprises at least one chain drive with a chain extending between two sprockets in the first or second direction, at which the force introduction element or the seat by means of an articulated on the force application element or on the seat mounted coupling member is coupled force-transmitting. Thus, a simple-to-produce force-transmitting coupling is created, which is flexible. The chain can also be replaced with a belt or other equivalent element.

In an advantageous embodiment, the coupling member has a first pinion with freewheel and a first chain tensioner, and the chain drive and the pinion with freewheel are force-transmitting in a running direction. Thus, the power transmission is advantageously limited to the advancing direction, so that the least possible friction arises when retrieving the force application element or the seat. The freewheel thus blocks upon a displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction or a displacement of the seat in the second direction, so that the force introduced thereby is transmitted to the chain. The chain is then coupled force-transmitting to the propulsion wheel, for example directly or with another chain drive.

In a preferred embodiment, the coupling member has a second pinion with freewheel and a second chain tensioner, which are arranged on the first pinion opposite side of the chain drive such that the force introduction element in a displacement against the first direction on the second pinion with the Chain drive is coupled in a force-transmitting manner in the first running direction or that the seat is coupled in a force-transmitting manner in a displacement in the second direction via the second pinion to the chain drive in the first running direction. Thus, the force is allowed in and against the first direction by means of the force introduction element or in and against the second direction by means of the seat For this purpose, the first and second directions are preferably the same or parallel to one another.

In a preferred embodiment, two chain drives are provided, wherein a first chain drive is coupled force-transmitting with the Kraftein ^¬ line element in and against the first direction and a second chain drive with the seat in and against the second direction is coupled force-transmitting. This arrangement is advantageous so that a maximum stroke for the force introduction element and the seat can be made available and at the same time a first coupling element hinged to the force introduction element and a second coupling link articulated to the seat do not collide. Alternatively, if the chain drive is long enough or the stroke is rather short interpretation is also conceivable to provide only one chain drive and limit the stroke of the coupling links along the chain drive to a maximum of half the length of the chain drive. In an advantageous embodiment, the two chain drives are each coupled with a first sprocket via a respective freewheel with a sprocket, which is coupled to transmit power to the propulsion wheel. Both chain drives are provided in the same first direction of force transmitting or free-rotating in the same second direction in the sprocket axis. Overall, therefore, a kinematic system is provided, which makes it possible in any position of the mechanism at a force in the force application element or in the seat to implement the introduced force in a driving force on the propulsion wheel. In this case, a second axis is provided, on which the two chain drives are mounted completely freely rotating, each with a second sprocket. At this axis se, if present, also be the deflection wheel for the pull chain mounted freely rotating.

In a preferred embodiment of a muscle and weight-driven means of transport at least one planetary gear and / or a double planetary gear with freewheel is provided on the at least one force introduction element for adjusting the ratio and / or gearshift. Thus, the final translation can be adapted to the forces introduced by the person and to the resistance forces while moving. The planetary gear and / or a double planetary gear can be provided and designed analogously to known hub gears for manual switching. It may additionally be provided a coupling. However, a planetary gear is not limiting. It may optionally or additionally be provided a continuously variable and / or automatic transmission and / or any other type of transmission, which serves to adapt the translation. In a further embodiment of a muscle and weight-driven locomotion means, at least one storage medium for storing energy and at least one drive for converting stored energy into propulsion are provided. These are combined with a drive mechanism according to the invention as a kind of hybrid drive. In this case, any principle mentioned in connection with the drive mechanism for power transmission can be used. Furthermore, all possible arrangements of hybrid variants are conceivable. Thus, for example, the drive can be integrated into the freewheel and / or in the transmission and / or act on the same propulsion wheel as the drive mechanism and / or act on at least one other and / or at least one additional propulsion wheel. Furthermore, in a range extender embodiment of the drive mechanism of this be designed and provided to load or fill the storage medium directly, so that the driving force is generated on the propulsion wheel only via the drive. The force introduced via the drive mechanism in this case causes a drive force buffered by the storage medium. The storage medium can be loaded in advance of a trip, so that by operating the drive mechanism, the range of the means of transport is increased. Alternatively, only the work introduced via the drive mechanism on the drive can be converted into propulsion. The storage medium can also serve as an energy buffer, and absorb, for example, when braking or when driving downhill excess energy, and give it back as needed, for example, on a slope or to increase the speed of travel.

The above embodiments and developments can, if appropriate, combine with each other as desired. Further possible refinements, further developments and implementations of the invention also include combinations of features of the invention which have not been explicitly mentioned above or described below with regard to the exemplary embodiments. In particular, the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the present invention.

CONTENT OF THE DRAWING

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments indicated in the schematic figures of the drawing. It shows:

1 shows a mechanism according to the invention and a means of transport according to the invention; the mechanism and the means of transportation in a different position;

Levers in different positions; a seat with a fulcrum in different positions;

Lever and the fulcrum; an embodiment of the means of locomotion; a mechanism according to the invention and a means of transport according to the invention; a flow chart of a method according to the invention; a flow chart of a method according to the invention; a chain drive for a force introduction element;

A chain drive for a seat;

An embodiment of a drive mechanism according to the invention;

Sees the drive mechanism of Figure 11 in a plan;

A means of locomotion with a Antriebsmechanis mechanism according to Figure 11 and 12th The accompanying figures of the drawing are intended to convey a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention. They illustrate the embodiments and serve in conjunction with the description of the explanation of principles and concepts of. Invention. Other embodiments and many of the stated advantages will become apparent with reference to the drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale to each other.

In the figures of the drawing are the same, functionally identical and same-acting elements, features and components - unless otherwise stated - each provided with the same reference numerals.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a mechanism 1 according to the invention and a locomotion means 8 according to the invention. The locomotion means comprises a fixed frame 6 and a driving wheel 4 fastened to the fixed frame via a hub. At the hub a freewheel 5 is present. With the freewheel, a lever 2 and a fulcrum 7 are connected. The fulcrum is connected by a hinge to one end of a saddle rod 12. At the other end of the seat post

12, a boom rod 11 is coupled thereto by a hinge. At this hinge, a saddle 3 is attached to the linkage. The boom rod 11 is also coupled to the fixed frame 6 via a hinge. A return device for the saddle 3 is shown as a return spring 14 in its relaxed state.

The lever 2 and the lever support 7 are coupled to the freewheel 5 such that both within a certain Angular segment ± in a rotation direction around the hub can move freely. In the other direction of rotation, they can move only under force or torque transfer to the propulsion wheel 4 to the hub.

FIG. 2 shows a displaced position B of the mechanism 1. In this position, a person by their body weight generate a force or torque transfer to the propulsion wheel 4 by sitting on the saddle 3. The weight of the body weight is transmitted from the saddle 3 to the seat post 12 and from the seat post 12 to the fulcrum 7. The force is introduced approximately perpendicular to the fulcrum 7 substantially in the direction of gravity g in the fulcrum 7, so that thereby approximately applied to the freewheel 5 a maximum transmittable moment. This moment is transmitted via the freewheel 5 on the propulsion wheel 4 and converted into a rotation of the propulsion wheel 4. As a result, a driving force F _A at the rolling point of the driving wheel 4 is transmitted to the ground. With progressive rotation of the propulsion wheel 4 under power transmission from the saddle 3, this lowers, with a predetermined by the kinematics of the rods involved movement, mainly in the gravitational direction g. With this lowering of the saddle 3, the angle of the lever support 7 to the horizontal H. If the fulcrum 7 in the maximum desired angle α to the horizontal H, the initial position A shown in Figure 2 of the mechanism is achieved in which the saddle 3 its lowest point has reached. The return spring 14 is now stretched and ensures relief of the saddle 3 that this is brought back into the starting position. In this initial position A, a person can generate by force of force a force or torque transmission to the propulsion wheel 4 by acting on the lever 2 at the end 2a of the lever 2 and thus automatically mentally relieves the saddle 3. The force introduced at the lever end 2a is introduced by the person approximately perpendicularly to the lever 2 in the direction of gravitation g into the lever 2, so that thereby an approximately maximum local moment is applied to the freewheel 5. This moment is transmitted via the freewheel 5 on the propulsion wheel 4 and converted into a rotation of it. As the propulsion wheel 4 progresses under power transmission from the lever 2, its end 2a descends predominantly in the direction of gravity g, with the lever 2 rotating as a whole with a rotational movement about the freewheel. When the lever end 2a is at its lowest point, the displaced position B of the mechanism shown in FIG. 1 is reached again and the sequence of movements can start again from the beginning.

In FIG. 3A, levers 2 in different positions A, B and a return spring 13 for the lever are shown in the form of a helical spring. In the dashed position shown starting position A is the lever end 2a at its highest point. Relative to the horizontal H, the lever is at a mathematically negative angle -a to the same. In the displaced position B shown in a solid line, the lever is relative to the horizontal in a mathematically positive angle α to the same. The return spring 13 is relaxed in the starting position A and stretched in the displaced position B. The lever is returned at discharge from the displaced position B by the spring force of the return spring 13 to the starting position A.

In Figure 3B, the saddle 3, the seat post 12 and the fulcrum 7 are shown in the positions A and B. In the dashed position shown starting position A is the saddle 3 at its lowest point, that is in one Distance H _A in the direction of gravity to a horizontal plane through the lowest point of the Vorriebsrades 4, ie the roller plane. At this point, there is no potential energy for propulsion through weight left. A propulsion must now be generated again by pedaling the lever 2. In the displaced position B shown in a solid line, the saddle 3 is at its highest point. A propulsion can then be generated by weight on the saddle 3 by putting on the person.

FIG. 4 shows the lever 2 and the lever support 7 in a preferred embodiment, in which the lever 2 is longer than the lever support 7. As a result, also the effective lever arm Li of the lever 2 is longer than the effective lever arm L2 of the fulcrum 7. This means that the different high forces are translated differently. This is ergonomically favorable, because the applied muscle force is less than the applicable weight force in most people, at least for a longer load duration. Thus, a substantially constant propulsion force on the propulsion wheel 4 can be made possible in the working and rest phases. In addition, the duration of the rest phase can be adjusted, preferably slightly longer than the duration of the work phase.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the means of locomotion 8 with a drive mechanism 1 according to the invention, an additional drive 10 and a storage medium 9 combined therewith. The drive 10 can be, for example, an electric motor which rolls into the brake or downhill wheels

Generator operation are switched, and so the storage medium 9, in this case a battery, charging. Of course, this can also be loaded in advance of a trip. If necessary the drive 10 can be switched on and provide an additional driving force F _A on the driving wheel 4a available.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the locomotion means 8 with a drive mechanism 1 according to the invention. Hydraulic pumps 15, 16 and hydraulic motors 17, 18 are provided therein. The hydraulic components are hydraulically coupled with each other and accordingly filled pressure-tight with a hydraulic fluid. Hydraulic lines are not shown for clarity. The pump 15 is coupled to the hydraulic motor 17 and the pump 16 is coupled to the hydraulic motor 18. The pump 16 is connected in a force-transmitting manner to the lever 2, the pump 16 being arranged on the end 2 b of the lever 2 designed for the transmission of force. It is still in front of the pivot point of the lever 2, which is located on the hub of the propulsion wheel 4, arranged. Thus, the lever 2 acts with its effective lever arm Li to generate pressure on the pump 16. The lever arm Li results from the distances between the end 2a of the lever 2, the pump 16 and the pivot point of the lever 2. In the working phase is by moving the Force introduction trained end 2a of the lever 2 substantially in the gravitational direction g from the initial position A in the illustrated displaced position B generates a hydraulic pressure in the pump 16. This pressure is conducted to the hydraulic motor 18, which converts the hydraulic pressure into a moment on the propulsion wheel 4 and thus into a driving force. Has the lever 2 reaches the displaced position B, it is in the unloaded state in the resting phase of a residual pressure in the pump 16 and / or a via a bypass line from the pump 15 into the pump 16 introduced pressure and / or by the spring force of a Return spring 13, not shown, brought from the illustrated displaced position B in the initial position A. The saddle 3 is connected to the lever rod 11, which in this embodiment has its pivot point on the front frame 6. The lever rod 11 is connected to transmit power to the pump 15. The pump 15 is arranged between the fulcrum of the lever rod 11 and the saddle 3. Thus, effective from the respective distances effective lever arm L2 of the lever rod 11 acts on the pump 15. In the resting phase by displacing the saddle 3 substantially in the gravitational direction g from the illustrated displaced position B to the starting position A, a hydraulic pressure in the pump 15th generated as a result of the weight of the person. A pressure resulting therefrom is conducted to the hydraulic motor 17 where it is converted into a moment or a drive force F _A on the propulsion wheel 4 a. During which the saddle 3 moves to the starting position A. When the starting position is reached and when the person in the working phase again the lever 2 loaded, the saddle 3 is in the unloaded state of a residual pressure in the pump 15 and / or by a brought via a bypass line from the pump 16 into the pump 15 introduced pressure and / or by the spring force of a return spring 14, not shown in the illustrated displaced position. FIGS. 7 and 8 each show a flow chart of a method according to the invention. The method is provided for the muscle- and weight-driven movement of at least one person, in particular with at least one inventive drive mechanism or a muscle and weight-driven locomotion device according to the invention. In this case, a first step S1 includes driving at least one propulsion wheel by means of force-actuated displacement of at least one force-transmitting element, which is coupled to the propulsion wheel in a crank-free manner in a first directional motion. tion, in particular in the direction of gravity, from a starting position to a displaced position. A second

Step S2 may, as shown in Figure 7, parallel to the first step Sl or alternatively, as shown in Figure 8, take place after the first step Sl. The second step S2 includes the displacement of at least one force-transmitting with the drive wheel crankless coupled seat and the body center of gravity of the person against a second direction, in particular the direction of gravity, from a starting position in a displaced position. A third step S3, which occurs after the second step S2, includes driving the propulsion wheel by displacing the seat and the center of gravity of the person in the second direction from the displaced position to the starting position by means of weight introduced from the weight of the person into the seat. A fourth step S4 can, as shown in FIG. 7, take place in parallel with the third step S3 or alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, after the third step S3. The fourth step S4 includes retrieving the at least one force introduction element from the displaced position into the

Starting position. The method of locomotion can now start over.

FIG. 9 shows a chain drive 30 for a force introduction element 2. The chain drive has two chain wheels 31, 32 and a chain 33 extending therebetween in the direction of gravitation g. On the chain 33 a hingedly mounted on the force transmission element 2 coupling member 34 for driving the chain 33 is provided. The coupling member 34 is formed as a rod and has at the end facing the chain 33 a

Crosspiece on which a first pinion 35 with freewheel and a first chain tensioner 36 are mounted. Further, on the cross piece on the side opposite the first pinion 35 side of the chain drive 30 and a second pinion 39th arranged with freewheel and a second chain tensioner 40. Both pinions 35, 39 with freewheel are connected to the chain 33 in operative connection. The chain 33 can be rotated by application of force only a first direction 37. In the first running direction 37, forces can be transmitted from the coupling member 34 via its freewheel pinions 35, 39 to the chain 33, and from the chain 33 to the first sprocket 31.

In order to apply force to the chain 33, the force introduction element 2 can be displaced either upwards, counter to the gravitational direction g, or downwards, in the direction of gravitation g. When moving the force introduction element 2 down locks the freewheel of the first pinion 35, so that the introduced force is transmitted from the force introduction element 2 via the coupling member 34 on the first pinion 35 on the chain 33. The second pinion 39 runs freely with this movement in his freewheeling direction. When the force introduction element 2 is displaced upwards, the freewheeling of the second pinion 39 is blocked and the first pinion 35 runs freely, so that during this movement the force is introduced into the chain 33 on the second pinion 39. Thus, the chain is always rotated in a displacement of the force introduction element in the first direction 37.

The force introduction element 2 is arranged substantially horizontally and rotatably mounted at a pivot point 43, which may preferably be provided on the hub of the propulsion wheel 4. Thus, in the region of the point of articulation on which the coupling member 34 is articulated, it can be displaced substantially in the direction of gravitation g when it is rotated about the pivot point 43, in which case it actually leaves a small arc segment. Analogous to the angles described with reference to FIGS. 1-4, a non-illustrated working angle .alpha..sub.a is also provided which is preferably in the range a <25.degree., Particularly preferably in the range 10.degree. To 20.degree. The sprocket axle 41 is coupled in a force-transmitting manner, for example via a further drive chain 42, to the propulsion wheel 4, which is discussed with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13.

Fig. 10 shows a chain drive 30 'for a seat 3. This works essentially analogous to chain drive 30 for the force introduction element. An essential difference is that the coupling member 3 ^v with the seat 3 (instead of the force introduction element 2) and the seat post 11, on which the seat 3 is fixed, is hingedly connected. The seat post 11 is substantially (ie with the working angles as deviation) arranged horizontally and rotatably mounted at a pivot point 44, which may be preferably provided in the front region of a frame 51. Furthermore, the coupling member 34 is formed bent ^λ . The cranking serves not to collide with the second sprocket 32, which is arranged vertically above the first sprocket 31.

Same as the coupling member 34 lock the freewheels of the pinion 35, 39 of the coupling member 34 ^x each with displacement of the seat 3, wherein the first pinion 35 upon displacement downwards, ie in the gravitational direction g, blocks and the second

Pinion 39 locks up when moving upwards.

11 shows an embodiment of a drive mechanism according to the invention in which two parallel arranged chain drives 30, 30 'are provided. These are the chain drives 30, 30 * shown individually in FIGS. 9 and 10. These are arranged side by side, so that they overlap in the illustrated side view. The first and the second direction, in which the force introduction element and the seat are displaceable, in this example both correspond to the direction of gravitation g. The two chain drives are kinematically coupled to each other via a pull chain 20. This is fixed to the force introduction element 2 and the coupling member 34 ^{λ of} the seat 3 and also serves as a compensation and return element. When the seat 3 is displaced in the direction of gravitation g, the pull-in chain 20 simultaneously pulls the force introduction element 2 upwards, ie counter to the direction of gravitation g. Likewise, when the force introduction element 2 is displaced in the gravitational direction g, the seat 3 mounted on the seat post 11 is automatically pulled upwards by the pull chain 20. Thus, only by a weight shift of the person between the seat 3 and the force introduction element 2 already take place a drive on the propulsion wheel, not shown. This kinematic coupling allows the drive mechanism to operate in different modes. It is possible in a first mode, by partially relieving the seat in the working phase and partial relief of the force introduction element in the resting phase, ie in each case essentially by shifting the person by more than half their body weight, a driving force on the propulsion wheel with relatively little use of force produce. For the driving force, the difference between the force acting on the seat and the force introduction element weight forces for a displacement of the seat or the

Force introduction element used in the direction of gravity. In a second mode of operation, the full body weight of the person can be used to shift the force introduction element 2 or, in the resting phase, the seat 3 in the direction of movement g in the work phase. Thus, a high driving force, which is generated by displacement of the seat 3 or of the force introduction element 2 with the total weight of the person's body weight, can be transferred to the propulsion wheel 4. In a third mode of operation, an additional force can be introduced in addition to the full body weight. This is achieved by the force coupling of the legs and the body trunk of the person in and against the gravitational direction g. Thus, in the resting phase, when the person shifts their full body weight on the seat 3 in addition to the click pedals 21, the force introduction element 2 are pulled upwards. Thus, at both chain drives 30, 30 * simultaneously initiated a force. The person pulls the mechanism together so to speak. Furthermore, in the working phase, when the person shifts their entire body weight onto the force introduction element 2, the person can additionally introduce a force pulling the seat 3 upwards over the hip belt 22. The person braces himself so to speak between the force introduction element 2 on the pedals 21 and the seat 3 on the hip belt 22 and thus spreads the mechanism. Thus, a force is simultaneously introduced at both chain drives 30, 30 ^λ in this phase. The forces thus introduced into the two chain drives 30, 30 'are in each case added to the sprocket axle 41, so that a force exceeding the weight force acts on the sprocket axle 41. This force can be transmitted to the propulsion wheel 4 via a drive chain 42. For transmitting power from the sprocket axle 41 to the propulsion wheel 4, a separate chain drive 42 is provided here. This leads to the hub of the propulsion wheel, on which further force conversion elements, for example, a hub or Ket- tengangschaltung, can be provided.

Fig. 12 shows the drive mechanism of Fig. 11 in a plan view. Therein, in particular the parallel arrangement of the chain drives 30 and 30 ^{λ is} illustrated. Furthermore, it is also shown that the pull chain 20 and the drive chain 42 are arranged on the chain drives 30, 30 ^x opposite side of the drive mechanism. The chain drives 30, 30 ^λ and the frame 51 are shown here only schematically for clarity. The plotted positions are therefore changeable. In particular, the outer chain drive 30 may be located closer to the center of the frame.

The force introduction element 2 and the seat post 11 are each formed as U-shaped tubes and respectively to the

Ends of the U-shape hingedly connected to the frame 51 and a fixed axis at the pivot points 43, 44. The click pedals 21 are attached to the outside of the force introduction element 2. The seat 3 is formed as a saddle with a hip belt, not shown, and arranged centrally above the chain drives 30, 30 ^x .

FIG. 13 shows a means of locomotion with a drive mechanism according to FIGS. 11 and 12. This is embodied here as an example of a bicycle 50. The bicycle 50 has a

Frame 51 on which all sprockets of the drive mechanism are mounted. Furthermore, it has a propulsion wheel 4 and a front wheel 52. The frame 51 has a front 53, on which the seat post 11 is loaded. is gert. Further, it has a rear 54, on which the Rafteinleitungselernent is stored.

Although the present invention has been fully described above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto but is modifiable in a variety of ways. The maximum working angle for displacing the force introduction element substantially in a first direction may be provided according to the desired efficiency of the drive mechanism. Essentially in one direction, it should be understood that the displacement may include straight line motion and / or rotation about a sufficiently far pole. Due to the distance from the pole, a sufficient stroke for displacing the force introduction element comes about even at a low angle of rotation. A conceivable smaller angle of, for example, a = 10 ° increases the efficiency of the mechanism, but shortens the stroke for the movement. Conversely, a likewise conceivable larger angle of, for example, a = 25 ° deteriorates the efficiency of the mechanism. The principle of the different lever length ratio is representative of each proposed principle of power transmission to be understood as a different power transmission of seat and force introduction element on the propulsion wheel.

Alternative movement sequences and / or methods are also conceivable. For example, in the working phase, only a first lever, and then a second lever are moved in the direction of gravity and only then the rest phase kick off. This successive displacement of the levers in the direction of gravity is also conceivable with three or four levers, it also being possible for two levers to be displaced together (eg two levers for arm actuation on two driving wheels) in one step. During rest, all levers could be returned to their original positions simultaneously or in the same order or in reverse order. Furthermore, a force in addition to the weight in the seat could be introduced in the resting phase by additional tightening or repelling the person in the seat into it.

In the case of the chain drives, a separate chain drive is provided for transmitting power from the sprocket axle to the driving wheel. Alternatively, it would also be conceivable to guide the chains to the region in which the coupling links run, by deflections directly to the hub. In this case, could also be dispensed with the lower first sprocket, but then, for example, additional sprocket instead of the sprocket would be necessary.

The means of transport with a drive mechanism is exemplified here as a bicycle. However, the principle of the drive mechanism is not limited to this, but can be applied to any type of muscle-powered means of locomotion or movement concept, in particular also to tricycles, wheelchairs, ergometers or also to multi-person vehicles. The force on the force introduction element can alternatively be introduced, for example, with the arms of a person. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

I drive mechanism

2 force transmission element, lever

2a formed for introduction of force end, lever end

2b for transmitting power to the propulsion wheel end formed

3 seat / saddle

4, 4a driving wheel

5 freewheel

6 fixed frame

7 fulcrum

8 means of transportation

9 storage medium

10 drive

II boom rod

12 seat post

13 return spring for force application element

14 Return spring for seat

Hydraulic pump, hydraulic Druckzeugungsein direction

hydraulic motor

Pull chain, traction element carrying element

Click pedals, device for coupling the legs and / or arms

Waist belt, means for coupling the body trunk 30, 30 ¹ crank drive

31, 32 sprocket

33 chain

34, 34 ^ coupling link

35, 39 pinion with freewheel 36, 40 chain tensioner

37 direction of travel

41 axis

42 drive chain

43, 44 pivot points

50 bicycle, vehicle

51 frames

52 front wheel

53 front construction

54 rear triangle

A starting position, starting position

B relocated position, relocated position

F _A driving force

g gravitational direction

H horizontal

H _A Seat height in starting position or position

H _B Seat height in displaced position or position Li Length of the lever

L2 length of the fulcrum

51 first step

52 second step

53 third step

S4 fourth step

α Angle of the lever to the reference plane

Claims

A drive mechanism (1) for moving a person with muscle and weight, comprising at least one force introduction element (2) displaceable in a first direction by muscular force of the person, with a seat displaceable in a second direction essentially by a weight force of the person (3 ), wherein the at least one force introduction element (2) and the seat (3) are coupled in a force-transmitting manner to at least one propulsion wheel (4; 4a) in such a way that a displacement of the at least one force introduction element (2) in the first direction F _A ) on the at least one propulsion wheel (4, 4a) causes and a displacement of the seat (3) in the second direction causes a driving force (F _A ) on the at least one or a further propulsion wheel (4, 4a).

2. Drive mechanism according to claim 1,

characterized ,

in that the at least one force introduction element (2), the seat (3) and the propulsion wheel (4; 4a) are coupled in a force-transmitting manner in such a way that the displacement of the at least one force introduction element (2) in the first direction is shifted from an initial position (A) into one Position (B) simultaneously causes a driving force (F _A ) and causes a displacement of the seat (3) against the second direction from a starting position (A) in a displaced position (B).

3. Drive mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized ,

in that the first direction in which the at least one force introduction element (2) is displaceable and / or the second direction in which the seat (3) is displaceable is substantially equal to the direction of gravitation (g).

4. Drive mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized ,

in that a left and a right force introduction element (2) are provided for simultaneously displacing substantially in the first direction.

5. Drive mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized ,

in that the at least one force introduction element (2) is designed for leg actuation and / or for arm actuation

6. Drive mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized ,

in that the at least one force introduction element (2) and the seat (3) are jointly or individually coupled to at least one hydraulic pressure generating device (15; 16) which converts the muscular and weight force of the person into hydraulic pressure and with at least one hydraulic motor (17; 18) is hydraulically coupled, wherein the driving force (F _A ) by means of the at least one hydraulic motor (17; 18) by the hydraulic pressure on at least one propulsion wheel (4; 4a) is caused.

7. Drive mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in that the at least one force introduction element (2) is designed as a lever (2), which is designed to introduce force at a first end (2a) and is coupled in a force-transmitting manner to at least one propulsion wheel (4; 4a) at a second end (2b) ,

8. Drive mechanism according to claim 7,

characterized ,

in that the lever (2) is rotatably coupled to the at least one propulsion wheel (4; 4a) via a freewheel (5) and when displacing the lever end (2a) a circular segment, with a circular arc segment extending substantially in the first direction, in particular with a Working angle () of ± 15 ° to a reference plane oriented perpendicular to the first direction describes.

9. Drive mechanism according to claim 7 or 8,

characterized ,

in that the lever (2) is provided with a return device (13), in particular a return spring, for returning the lever (2) against the first direction from a displaced position (B) to an initial position (A).

10. Drive mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized ,

in that the seat (3) is coupled in a force-transmitting manner via a lever support (7) and / or via a freewheel (5; 31, 33, 35, 41) to at least one propulsion wheel (4; 4a) and / or that the seat has a seat post (11) hinged to the frame.

11. Drive mechanism according to one of claims 7 to 9 and according to claim 10,

characterized ,

the lever (2) forms a lever arm (Li; L2) which is longer than the lever support (7) and which is effective for propulsion.

12. Drive mechanism according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized ,

in that the at least one force introduction element (2), the

Seat (3) and the at least one propulsion wheel (4; 4a) are coupled in such a force-transmitting manner that the displacement of the seat (3) in the second direction from the displaced position (B) to the starting position (A) at the same time a driving force ( F _A ) causes and a displacement of the force introduction element (2) against the first direction from a displaced position (B) in an initial position (A) causes.

13. Drive mechanism according to claim 12,

characterized ,

in that the force introduction element (2) and the seat (3) are coupled kinematically to one another via a tensile force-transmitting element (20), in particular a deflected pull chain (20).

14. Drive mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 5, 12 or 13,

characterized ,

the at least one force introduction element (2), the seat (3) and the at least one propulsion wheel (4, 4a) are coupled in a force-transmitting manner in such a way that a displacement of the force introduction element (2) both in and against the first direction has a driving force (F _A ) on the at least one propulsion wheel (4, 4a) causes and a displacement of the Seat (3) both in and against the second direction causes a driving force (F _A ) on the at least one or a further driving wheel (4, 4a).

15. Drive mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 5 o- 12 to 14,

characterized ,

in that means for coupling the legs and / or arms of the person to the force introduction element (2) are provided on the force introduction element (2), which are designed such that forces can be introduced by the person in and against the first direction on the force introduction element (2) are.

16. Drive mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 5 o- 12 to 15,

characterized ,

in that means (22) for coupling the body trunk of the person to the seat (3) are provided on the seat (3), which are designed such that forces can be introduced by the person in and against the second direction on the seat (3).

17. Drive mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 5 o- 12 to 16,

characterized,

the crankless, kra tübertragende coupling in the first or second direction at least one chain drive (30) with a between two sprockets (31, 32) in the first or second direction extending chain (33) on which the force introduction element (2) or the seat (3) is coupled in a force-transmitting manner by means of a coupling member (34) mounted in an articulated manner on the force introduction element (2) or on the seat (3).

18. Drive mechanism according to claim 17,

characterized ,

in that the coupling member (34) has a first pinion (35) with freewheel and a first chain tensioner (36) and the chain drive (30) and the first pinion (35) with freewheeling in a running direction (37) are designed to transmit force.

19. Drive mechanism according to claim 18,

characterized ,

in that the coupling member (34) has a second pinion (39) with free ^running and a second chain tensioner (40) which are arranged on the side of the chain drive (30) opposite the first pinion (35) such that the

Force introduction element (2) in a displacement against the first direction via the second pinion (39) with freewheel with the chain drive (30) in the first direction (37) is coupled force transmitting or that the seat (3) in a displacement against the second direction via the pinion (39) with freewheel with the chain drive (30) in the first direction (37) is coupled force-transmitting.

20. Drive mechanism according to claim 19,

characterized ,

in that two chain drives (30, 30 ') are provided, a first chain drive (30) being force-transmittingly coupled with the force introduction element (2) in and against the first direction and a second chain drive (30') with the seat (3) in and coupled in a force-transmitting manner against the second direction.

21. Drive mechanism according to claim 20,

characterized ,

that the two chain drives (30, 30 ¹ ) each have a first sprocket (31) via a freewheel with a chain sprocket (31). Wheel axle (41) are coupled, which is force-transmitting coupled to the at least one propulsion wheel (4, 4a).

22, muscle and weight-driven means of transportation (8) for at least one person, in particular with at least one drive mechanism (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

23. muscle and weight-driven means of transport according to claim 22,

characterized,

that at least one planetary gear and / or a double planetary gear with freewheel (5) on the at least one

Force introduction element (2) is provided for adjusting the ratio and / or gearshift.

24. Muscle and weight-driven means of transport according to claim 22 or 23,

characterized,

in that at least one storage medium (9) for storing

Energy and at least one drive (10) are provided for converting stored energy into propulsion.

25. A method for the muscular and weight-driven movement of a person, in particular with a drive mechanism (1) according to one of claims 1-21 or a muscle and weight-driven locomotion means (8) according to any one of claims 22-24, with the steps: Driving at least one drive wheel (4; 4a) by force-actuated displacement of at least one force-transmitting element (2) coupled to at least one drive wheel (4, 4a) without cranking in a first drive tion, in particular in the direction of gravity (g), from a starting position (A) to a displaced position (B);

Relocating a force-transmitting with the at least one or a further propulsion wheel (4; 4a) crankless coupled seat (3) and the body center of gravity of the person against a second direction, in particular the gravitational direction (g), from an initial position (A) a displaced position (B);

Driving the at least one or the further propulsion wheel (4) by displacing the seat (3) and the body center of gravity of the person in the second direction from the displaced position (B) to the starting position (A) by means of the person's weight in the seat (3) weight introduced; and

Returning the at least one force introduction element (2) from the displaced position (B) to the starting position (A).