WO2013054526A1 - コークスの製造方法 - Google Patents
コークスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013054526A1 WO2013054526A1 PCT/JP2012/006526 JP2012006526W WO2013054526A1 WO 2013054526 A1 WO2013054526 A1 WO 2013054526A1 JP 2012006526 W JP2012006526 W JP 2012006526W WO 2013054526 A1 WO2013054526 A1 WO 2013054526A1
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- coal
- coke
- interfacial tension
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- surface tension
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 317
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/366—Powders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing high strength blast furnace coke.
- Blast furnace coke is used as a reducing material, heat source, and support material for maintaining air permeability in the blast furnace, and in recent years, it has been operated stably under a low reducing material ratio. In order to achieve this, the production of high-strength coke is directed.
- coke strength estimation methods manufactured using blended coal (blended coal) as a raw material have been studied. It has been. For example, the following methods (a) to (c) are known.
- (C) Coke strength estimation method using blending effect coefficient as an index Coal has different properties in the country of origin, coal mine, and coal seam, but when coke is produced by blending different types of coal, there is an interaction between the coals. Has been pointed out.
- the coke strength when two types of coal are blended is estimated by the weighted average value of each physical property value.
- the improvement effect that is, the blending effect is often not included.
- the coke characteristics of a blended coal composed of multiple types of coal which is a method for estimating the blending effect, is a set of two types of combinations of each coal, and the weighted average of the coke characteristics and each single coal coke characteristic.
- a method of creating a coke strength estimation formula using a deviation from the blending effect coefficient as known see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the blending effect coefficient can be obtained by actual measurement or estimation.
- JP 2002-294250 A JP-A-9-255966
- the above-described method has been proposed as a method for estimating coke strength for producing high-strength coke.
- the vitrinite average maximum reflectance (Ro) ) And Gieseller Plastometer high coal (MF) high coal is required.
- Ro vitrinite average maximum reflectance
- MF Gieseller Plastometer high coal
- the method (b) focuses on the fluidity and viscosity of coal, and is ultimately an index that improves the detection sensitivity of the maximum fluidity (MF). Problems arise. Further, the device itself is expensive and special, and lacks simplicity.
- the method (c) it is possible to estimate the coke strength more accurately by using the blending effect coefficient.
- the range of the conventional method is still used. It's not a way to get rid of, but it can't solve the cost problem.
- the evaluation of coal particle interaction is not based on physical properties related to coal adhesion, the strength estimation accuracy is not sufficient, and the blending effect coefficient is obtained by actual measurement. Has the problem of lack of simplicity.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a coke production method capable of suppressing an increase in raw material cost of coal blend and simultaneously increasing coke strength. That is.
- the features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows. (1) In a method for producing coke in which two or more kinds of coal are blended to form a blended coal and carbonize the blended coal, the interfacial tension between the coals is determined to determine the blending ratio of the coal during the blending. A method for producing coke, which is used as an index. (2) Determination of the blending ratio of the coal derives the interfacial tension between the coals using the surface tension of each coal, and the interfacial tension of the blended coal in which two or more kinds of coal are blended in advance, and the coal blend is carbonized. And determining the blending ratio of coal so that the interfacial tension of the blended coal is within the range showing the desired coke strength (1).
- a method for producing coke according to (1) A method for producing coke according to (1).
- (3) The surface tension of the coke according to (2) is obtained by measuring the coal cooled in an inert atmosphere as a sample after heating to a softening and melting start temperature or higher and a coking temperature or lower. Production method.
- (4) The method for producing coke according to (3) which is obtained by measuring the surface tension of the coal at 350 ° C. to 800 ° C. and then cooling the coal under an inert atmosphere as a sample.
- the derivation of the interfacial tension between the coals comprises deriving the interfacial tension ⁇ inter from the following equation (1) using the surface tension of each coal: (2) to (4) Coke production method.
- Deriving the interfacial tension between the coals includes deriving the interfacial tension ⁇ inter from the following equation (2) using the surface tension of each coal: (2) to (4) Coke production method. (7) The method for producing coke according to (5) or (6), wherein the blending ratio of coal is determined so that the interfacial tension ⁇ inter is 0.03 mN / m or less. (8) A blended coal in which the weighted average Ro of the blended coal is in the range of 0.90 to 1.30% and the weighted average log MF of the blended coal is in the range of 2.3 to 2.8 (7) A method for producing coke as described in 1. Here, Ro is an average maximum reflectance, and MF is a Gieseler maximum fluidity.
- the coke strength is estimated in consideration of the adhesive strength due to the surface tension between coal particles, and the blending ratio of coal for each brand is determined using this estimation method. That is, the method of the present invention produces coke using an index different from the conventional one. Therefore, it has the following effects.
- A) The estimation accuracy of the coke strength estimation formula is increased, and coke can be produced under blending conditions that cannot be recalled with conventional coal property parameters.
- C Furthermore, since the method of the present invention can also be applied to non-slightly caking coal with low fluidity that is difficult to evaluate using a Gisela plastometer, the degree of freedom of blending raw coal can be further increased. .
- Coal is softened and melted by dry distillation and fused together to produce coke. Therefore, it is considered that the adhesive strength between the coal particles has an influence on the coke strength.
- the adhesion strength between coal particles improves as the interfacial tension at the adhesion interface decreases.
- Interfacial tension can be considered as free energy existing at the interface, as can be seen from the fact that the unit is mN / m. Therefore, the presence of interfacial tension means that there is free energy that can act as a force at the interface. Therefore, a large interfacial tension leads to easy breakage at the adhesive interface.
- the present invention considers that the interfacial tension has an influence on the bond strength between coal particles, and evaluates the bond strength between coal particles using the interfacial tension as an index, but it is difficult to measure the interfacial tension. Is a problem.
- the method of estimating interfacial tension based on the surface tension of each brand coal shown below is adopted, and the blending ratio of coal is determined using the interfacial tension.
- the conditions for measuring surface tension suitable for the purpose of coke strength estimation, the method for estimating the interfacial tension from the surface tension, and the degree of influence on the coke strength have yet to be elucidated. The inventors have studied these factors, found an effective method for estimating coke strength, and completed the present invention.
- the interfacial tension can be derived from the surface tension of the substance to be bonded.
- the interfacial tension between the substances A and B can be obtained from the surface tension of the substances A and B.
- equation (3) can be used using the Gifalco-Good equation: Is required.
- ⁇ A and ⁇ B are the surface tensions of the substances A and B
- ⁇ AB is the interfacial tension between the substances AB
- ⁇ is the interaction coefficient.
- ⁇ can be obtained by experiment and is known to vary depending on the substances A and B.
- Lee and Newman D. Li, A. W. Neumann et al. Assume that the value of ⁇ increases as the values of ⁇ A and ⁇ B increase, and the following equation (4) is extended from equation (3). Has proposed.
- ⁇ is a constant.
- ⁇ is a value derived from experiments, and Lee and Newman et al. calculated 0.0001247 (m 2 / mJ) 2 (see Non-Patent Document 1). Therefore, the interfacial tension between the coals A and B can be derived by measuring the surface tension of the coals A and B and substituting it into the equation (3) or (4).
- the value of ⁇ must be obtained from an experiment. Therefore, it is desirable to use the equation (4) that estimates the value of ⁇ in the sense of simplifying the derivation of the interfacial tension.
- the adhesive strength between coal particles in the coking process is influenced by the surface tension of the coal from the start of softening and melting until coking. Therefore, it is desirable to measure the surface tension of coal in the softened and melted state. However, it is difficult to measure the surface tension when coal is actually softened and melted.
- the inventors examined the surface tension of a sample that was shut down at a cooling rate of 10 ° C / sec or higher after the air was shut off to a temperature at which the coal softened and melted, that is, the coal was heated in an inert atmosphere. It was found that the surface tension of soft and molten coal can be estimated by measuring.
- the heating temperature of the coal is a temperature range from the idea that surface tension has an influence on the adhesion between coal particles, until the coal begins to soften and melt, adhere and solidify, and coking is completed. That is, it is appropriate to set the temperature range to 350 ° C. or higher at which softening and melting starts and up to 800 ° C. at which coking is completed.
- the temperature particularly contributing to adhesion is the temperature at the time of softening and melting, but the softening and melting temperature range of coal used for coke production is 350 to 500 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 480 to 520 ° C., particularly around 500 ° C.
- the surface tension of the heat-treated coal has a certain degree of correlation with the surface tension of the coal, the interfacial tension can be obtained using the surface tension of the coal.
- the reason why the heated coal is rapidly cooled is to maintain the molecular structure in the softened and melted state, and it is preferable to rapidly cool at a cooling rate of 10 ° C./sec or more, which is considered to be unchanged.
- Examples of the rapid cooling method include a method using an inert gas such as liquid nitrogen, ice water, water, and nitrogen gas. Gas cooling takes time to cool down to the inside of the sample, and distribution of the cooling rate occurs, and cooling with ice water or water affects the measurement of surface tension due to moisture adhesion, so liquid nitrogen is used. It is desirable to use and quench rapidly.
- Methods for measuring surface tension include sessile drop method, capillary rise method, maximum bubble pressure method, liquid weight method, hanging drop method, ring ring method, plate (Wilhelmy) method, expansion / contraction method
- a sliding method, a film floatation method, and the like are known.
- Coal is composed of various molecular structures, and its surface tension is expected to be non-uniform, so use the film flotation method (see Non-Patent Document 2) that can be expected to evaluate the surface tension distribution. Is particularly preferred.
- the film flotation method is a technique that can measure the surface tension of a solid.
- the surface tension distribution as shown in FIG. 2 is obtained by dropping the sample particles into various liquids having different surface tensions, obtaining the mass ratio of the suspended sample particles with respect to the respective liquids, and expressing the result in a frequency distribution curve. Can be obtained.
- the surface tension directly required by the film flotation method is the critical surface tension (liquid surface tension when the contact angle is 0 °). The tension can be determined.
- ⁇ S surface tension of solid (coal)
- ⁇ L surface tension of liquid
- ⁇ SL interfacial tension
- ⁇ C critical surface tension
- Equation (6) is obtained from Young's equation.
- ⁇ S ⁇ L cos ⁇ + ⁇ SL (6)
- equation (9) is obtained.
- the surface tension ⁇ S of coal can be obtained from the critical surface tension ⁇ C and ⁇ in equation (9).
- the structure of liquid and coal used in the film flotation method is greatly different, but compared to the difference, the difference depending on the type of coal (coal type) is considered to be small.
- the interaction coefficient ⁇ is a parameter affected by the mutual molecular structure
- the surface tension ⁇ S is expressed only by the critical surface tension ⁇ C when the interaction coefficient ⁇ is assumed to be constant regardless of the coal brand. Therefore, it can be said that the surface tension of coal can be evaluated only by the critical surface tension.
- the interaction coefficient ⁇ is considered to be 1
- the value of the surface tension ⁇ S of coal is considered to be equal to the critical surface tension ⁇ C.
- the conditions for the surface tension measurement by the film flotation method are described below.
- the liquid used in the film flotation method has a surface tension value in the range of 20 to 73 mN / m in coal and coal when softened and melted. Good.
- an organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, propanol, tert-butanol, or acetone
- a liquid having a surface tension of 20 to 73 mN / m can be prepared from an aqueous solution of these organic solvents.
- the particle size of the sample for measuring the surface tension it is desirable to measure the surface tension when the contact angle is almost equal to 0 ° from the measurement principle, and the contact angle increases as the particle size of the crushed sample particles increases.
- the sample particles are less than 53 ⁇ m, the sample particles are likely to agglomerate, so the sample particles are preferably pulverized to a particle size of 53 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the film flotation method uses floating of a substance due to surface tension, it is necessary to perform measurement under conditions where the gravity of the substance can be ignored. This is because if the density of the substance is high, the contact angle becomes large due to the influence of gravity. Therefore, it is desirable to measure a substance having a density of 2000 kg / m 3 or less, which is considered that gravity does not affect the contact angle.
- the surface tension of all types of coal can be measured regardless of the type of coal, such as strongly caking coal, non-slightly caking coal, and anthracite coal. Further, additives such as pitch, oil coke, powder coke, dust, waste plastic, and other biomass can be measured in the same manner.
- coal is pulverized to a particle size of 200 ⁇ m or less, heated to 500 ° C. at 3 ° C./min, rapidly cooled with liquid nitrogen, pulverized to a particle size of 150 ⁇ m or less, and dried. There is a method of drying at 120 ° C. for 2 hours in the inert gas stream, and this method can be used.
- the pulverized particle size of coal is preferably 250 ⁇ m or less, which is the pulverized particle size in the industrial analysis of coal described in JIS M8812, from the viewpoint of producing a homogeneous sample from coal having a non-uniform structure and properties.
- the heating rate is 3 ° C./min because the heating rate when coke is produced in a coke oven is about 3 ° C./min. However, the heating rate when coke to be evaluated by interfacial tension is produced. It is desirable to change according to. Any drying method can be used as long as it can remove moisture adhering to the surface. In addition to the method of heating to 100 to 200 ° C. in an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, drying is performed under reduced pressure. It is possible to adopt a method to do so.
- Table 1 shows the results of measuring the surface tension by changing the cooling atmosphere in this measurement method.
- the cooling atmosphere was performed in two ways: cooling in an air atmosphere (20 ° C.) and cooling in an inert (nitrogen gas) atmosphere (20 ° C.).
- the difference between the two measurement results of cooling in the inert atmosphere (20 ° C.) is as small as 0.3, but the difference between the two measurement results of cooling in the air atmosphere (20 ° C.) is It turns out that it is 1.2 and big.
- the measurement error of this measurement method is 0.4
- cooling in an inert atmosphere using nitrogen gas is also effective in reducing variation. desirable.
- an atmosphere using a rare gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas can be used, but nitrogen gas is usually used.
- the index indicating the surface tension includes the average value of the surface tension distribution, the standard deviation of the surface tension distribution, the surface tension of the peak value of the surface tension distribution, and the maximum surface tension distribution. Examples include surface tension, minimum surface tension, and distribution function of surface tension distribution.
- the average value of the surface tension distribution (shown with ⁇ overlined) is expressed, for example, by the following equation (10).
- the surface tension at the peak value of the surface tension distribution and the minimum and maximum surface tensions of the surface tension distribution are as shown in 5, 6 and 7 of FIG.
- Examples of the distribution function of the surface tension include distributions similar in shape to the surface tension distribution, such as normal distribution, lognormal distribution, F distribution, chi-square distribution, exponential distribution, gamma distribution, and beta distribution.
- the measurement time of the surface tension is preferably measured within 7 days before the date of coal blending for coke production, and more preferably, just before the coke production if possible. This is because the surface tension is affected by the molecular structure of the coal, and the measured value of the surface tension may change depending on the storage state or weathering of the coal. Therefore, it is desirable that the time from measurement to blending is short. In addition, even with the same type of coal, the surface tension may vary depending on the property adjustment at the base and the degree of blending of the coal. Therefore, it is desirable to measure the surface tension at each arrival.
- the interfacial tensions of Coal A and Coal B are the interfacial tensions of the aa interface, the bb interface, and the ab interface.
- the value needs to be aggregated. Therefore, the interfacial tension of blended coal composed of A coal and B coal is defined as the sum of the product of the interfacial tension of each interface and the existence probability of each interface.
- a specific derivation formula is shown in the following formula (12).
- ⁇ AB p aa ⁇ aa + p ab ⁇ ab + p bb ⁇ bb (12)
- ⁇ AB Interfacial tension of blended coal consisting of A coal and B coal
- paa existence probability of aa interface
- pab existence probability of ab interface
- pbb existence probability of bb interface
- ⁇ aa the interfacial tension at the aa interface
- ⁇ ab the interfacial tension at the ab interface
- ⁇ bb the interfacial tension at the bb interface.
- the interfacial tension of each interface can be derived by substituting the average value of the surface tension distribution of coal A and coal B into equation (4).
- the existence probability of each interface is considered to change depending on the blending ratio of A coal and B coal. Therefore, the existence probability of each interface is derived from the product of the blending ratio of A coal and B coal. Details are shown below.
- aa interface Derived by multiplying A coal blending ratio and A coal blending ratio. Since A charcoal and B charcoal are blended 1: 1, the blending ratio is 50% for both. Therefore, the existence probability of the interface is 25% from the following equation (13).
- 0.5 ⁇ 0.5 0.25 (13)
- ab interface derived by multiplying the blending ratio of coal A and blending ratio of coal B. The ab interface and the ba interface are regarded as the same interface. The existence probability of the interface is 50% from the following equation (14).
- 0.5 ⁇ 0.5 + 0.5 ⁇ 0.5 0.5 (14)
- bb interface Derived by multiplying B charcoal blending ratio and B charcoal blending ratio. The existence probability of the interface is 25% from the following equation (15).
- w i: 1,2, ⁇ , i is a blended rate of ⁇ n charcoal.
- the existence probability of the ij interface formed by i char and j char is represented by the product of w i and w j . Since the total sum of the product of the existence probability of the interface and the interfacial tension of the interface is defined as the interfacial tension of the blended coal, the interfacial tension of the blended coal is expressed as in equation (18).
- the present inventors have found a method for estimating the interfacial tension from the dispersion of the surface tension of each coal constituting the blended coal instead of using the equation (20).
- This is an application of the extremely high correlation between the interfacial tension derived from equation (20) and the dispersion of the surface tension of each coal that makes up the blended coal, compared to the blend that was adopted in actual operation in the past two years. It is.
- a correlation diagram is shown in FIG.
- an equation for deriving the dispersion of the surface tension of each coal constituting the blended coal is shown in the following equation (24), and a correlation equation is shown in the following equation (25).
- the problem is how to control the interfacial tension value of the blended coal, which is determined by the blending composition of the coal used. Theoretically, it is desirable to minimize the interfacial tension in order to increase the bond strength between coals and improve the coke strength. However, in actual operation, a desired coke strength may be obtained even if it is not necessarily the minimum value. Therefore, a plurality of blends with different interfacial tensions are prepared, a coke strength test is performed, a relationship between the interfacial tension and the coke strength is obtained in advance, and the interface of the blended coal is within the range of the interfacial tension that provides the desired coke strength.
- the method of configuring the blending so that the tension value can be accommodated is suitable as a method of producing high strength coke by using the interfacial tension, since the degree of freedom of the blending configuration is high.
- the weighted average of vitrinite average maximum reflectance (Ro) of coal used for blending is in the range of 0.90 to 1.30, and the maximum fluidity (log MF) of the Gisela plastometer is The weighted average value by the blending ratio is controlled within the range of 2.3 to 2.8 to determine the blending. By further controlling the interfacial tension within this control range, it becomes possible to increase the accuracy of coke strength estimation and produce coke with higher strength.
- the present inventors derived by using the equation (20) while keeping the blended coal average value of the vitrinite average maximum reflectance (Ro) and the blended coal average value of the maximum fluidity (log MF) of the Gisela plastometer constant. It was found that when the interfacial tension ⁇ inter increased, when ⁇ inter exceeded 0.03 mN / m, the coke strength decreased as ⁇ inter increased. Therefore, when the blended coal average value of vitrinite average maximum reflectance (Ro) and the blended coal average value of maximum flow rate (log MF) of the Gisela plastometer are used as blending indices, the coke strength is improved as compared with the conventional method. Therefore, it can be said that it is preferable to keep ⁇ inter at 0.03 mN / m or less.
- the present inventors specifically have a ratio of coal having a log MF value of 1.4 or less of 30 mass% or more. In the case of, it was found that the influence of interfacial tension on coke strength is increased. This cause will be described below.
- coal type classification by brand name sold by Yamamoto can be used. However, depending on the mountain, there are cases where coals mined from different production locations and coal seams are sold as the same brand, and when the production locations and coal seams are different, the coal properties generally differ, so in the present invention the production location It is preferable to treat the coal as different types for each coal bed.
- the “coal type (coal type)” referred to in the present invention is not limited to the brand name, and various types of coal, even one brand coal sold by Yamamoto.
- the present invention can be applied by treating it as two or more kinds of coals.
- the coal seam refers to each layer of coal that is generally divided into a plurality of layers in the formation at a certain point and exists in layers. If the coal is produced from a coal seam close to a nearby point and it is judged that there is no substantial difference in its properties, it may be evaluated as the same type of coal.
- the method of the present invention can be applied not only to blending of ordinary coal but also to blending of coal.
- the method of the present invention can be similarly applied when a small amount of pitch, oil coke, powdered coke, dust, waste plastic, other biomass, or the like is added as an additive.
- the addition of a small amount means that an additive is added at a maximum of about 10 mass%, usually 5 mass% or less, with respect to the total amount of coal. Since it is a small amount of addition, in carrying out the method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a management index for determining the blending ratio of coal from only the interfacial tension between coals regardless of the presence or absence of the additive.
- the interfacial tension of coal can be suitably used as an index for evaluating the adhesion strength between coals and further the coke strength.
- the relationship between interfacial tension and coke strength is determined in advance, and the coal is blended so that the interfacial tension of the blended coal is within the range of interfacial tension exhibiting the desired coke strength, thereby increasing the bond strength between the coals.
- Coke strength can be improved.
- this interfacial tension as a new parameter into the coke strength estimation formula, it is possible to estimate the coke strength from a viewpoint different from the conventional index. Therefore, by considering the interfacial tension, it becomes possible to produce high-strength coke without significantly increasing the cost.
- Example 1 The example which manufactured the high intensity
- experiments were conducted under the condition that the conventional coal property parameters were kept constant. 13 types of coal (coal types A to M) are prepared.
- a property test is performed on these coals, and the conventional coal property parameters, vitrinite average maximum reflectance (Ro), the highest of the Gisela plastometer The fluidity (log MF) and the surface tension by the film flotation method were measured.
- the average maximum reflectance was measured by the method of JISM8816 (average maximum reflectance of coal vitrinite) and the Gieseler maximum fluidity was measured by the method of JISM8801.
- coal is pulverized to a particle size of 200 ⁇ m or less, heated to 500 ° C. at 3 ° C./min, quenched with liquid nitrogen, pulverized to 150 ⁇ m or less, and in a dry nitrogen stream A sample dried in vacuum at 120 ° C. for 2 hours was used.
- the liquid used for the surface tension measurement by the film flotation method was ethanol that was inexpensive and easy to handle.
- An average value of the surface tension distribution was derived from the measured surface tension distribution using the equation (10), and this average value of the surface tension distribution was used as an index of the surface tension of coal ( ⁇ ). Based on the results of the property test, four levels of blending (blending AD) with different interfacial tension values were determined. In order to exclude the influence of other parameters that affect the coke strength, the blended weight weighted average value of Vitrinite average maximum reflectance (Ro), which is a parameter conventionally used for coke strength estimation, the maximum flow of the Gieseler plastometer The blending ratio of coal from A to M was adjusted so that the weighted average value of blended coal in degrees (log MF) was constant at each level.
- Ro Vitrinite average maximum reflectance
- Equation (20) was used to derive the interfacial tension ( ⁇ inter ).
- Table 2 shows the properties of the 13 types of coal
- Table 3 shows the blending ratio
- Table 4 shows the properties of the blended coal.
- the strength of coke after CO 2 reaction is, for example, 64.5 for formulation B and 63.4 for formulation C, with the strength exceeding the interfacial tension of 0.03 mN / m. Declined. Therefore, it can be seen that in order to sufficiently improve the coke strength by the interfacial tension, at least the interfacial tension should be controlled to 0.03 mN / m or less. That is, when producing coke by blending a plurality of coals, by adjusting the conventional coal property parameters and blending at least 0.03 mN / m or less so as to reduce the interfacial tension of the blended coal, It was shown that coke with higher strength than before can be produced. From the above results, it became clear that coke having higher strength than conventional can be produced by determining the blending conditions using the method of the present invention.
- Example 2 An example in which high-strength coke is produced by controlling the interfacial tension under blending conditions with a high blending ratio of low MF charcoal will be shown.
- Eight types of coal were prepared, and a property test was first performed on these coals.
- the measurement items were Ro (maximum average reflectance), log MF, and surface tension, as in [Example 1] above.
- the measurement method is the same as in [Example 1].
- An average value of the surface tension distribution was derived from the measured surface tension distribution using the equation (10), and the average value of the surface tension distribution was used as an index of the surface tension of coal ( ⁇ ). Based on the property test results, five levels of blending (blending E to I) with different interfacial tensions were determined.
- the blended coal weighted average value of Ro and the log MF blended coal weighted average value which are parameters conventionally used for coke strength estimation, are constant at each level.
- the blending ratio of each coal was adjusted. Further, the formulation was determined so that the proportion of coal with a log MF value of 1.4 or less was 30 mass% or more.
- the value of the blended coal weighted average value of the average value of Ro and the value of the blended coal weighted average value of log MF were the values adopted in the actual operation.
- ⁇ inter defined by equation (20) was used as the interfacial tension. Table 5 shows the properties of the eight types of coal, Table 6 shows the blending ratio, and Table 7 shows the properties of the blended coal.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the interfacial tension ( ⁇ inter ) and the drum strength.
- Example 3 An example is shown in which high-strength coke is manufactured by estimating the interfacial tension from the dispersion of the surface tension of each coal constituting the blended coal and controlling the interfacial tension.
- equation (25) is used only for deriving the interfacial tension.
- Table 8 shows the results of deriving the interfacial tension using the formula (25) in the blends A to I.
- Table 8 also shows ⁇ inter derived by equation (20) for reference.
- (20) the derived gamma inter and (25) gamma inter derived in equation be substantially matched can be confirmed from Table 8 in formula. Therefore, it is considered that the relationship between the interfacial tension and the drum strength estimated by the equation (25) is almost the same as [Example 1] and [Example 2]. From the above results, it was clarified that coke having higher strength than conventional can be produced by estimating the interfacial tension by the equation (25) and determining the blending conditions.
- Example 4 The effect of the blended coal surface tension on the coke strength under the condition that the fluidity of the blended coal was low was investigated using 18 kinds of coals of different brands or different lots from Examples 1 to 3. Table 9 shows the properties of the coal used.
- the log MF blended coal average values are 2.00, 2.30, and 2.50, respectively, and the interfacial tension is 0.01 to 0.02 mN / m for each level.
- a total of 6 blending levels from 0.04 to 0.05 mN / m were determined.
- ⁇ inter defined by the equation (1) was used as the interfacial tension.
- the blended coal average value of vitrinite average reflectance (Ro) which is a parameter conventionally used for coke strength estimation, is made constant at each level.
- the blending ratio of coal from P charcoal to g charcoal was adjusted.
- the weighted average value of Ro or log MF of the blended coal is obtained by Expression (26).
- Coke was produced in the same manner as in the above examples, and the coke strength was evaluated.
- Example 5 In the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4, a plurality of types of coal were combined to prepare blended coals having various weighted average Ro, weighted average logMF, and interfacial tension, and coke was produced to evaluate the coke strength. At this time, the interfacial tension of the blended coal was calculated based on the formula (2). Table 11 shows the blended charcoal properties and the strength measurement results of the obtained coke.
- Example 6 When the heat treatment temperature of the coal was changed and a sample of the heat treated coal was prepared in the same manner as in the method of Example 1 and the surface tension was measured, the higher the heat treatment temperature, the higher the surface tension value in the temperature range above the softening and melting temperature. A tendency to increase was observed.
- the heat treatment temperature is 400 ° C., 450 ° C., 500 ° C., 600 ° C., and 800 ° C.
- the surface tension of C charcoal is 33.0, 35.5, 41.1
- the surface tension of M coal was 30.4, 32.4, 37.6, 42.2, 48.7 mN / m.
- the other coals shown in Table 2 also had values between the surface tensions of C and M coals at each temperature.
- the surface tension of the heat-treated coal tends to increase monotonously with the increase of the heat-treatment temperature.
- Accompanied by a monotonically increasing tendency of surface tension prone to a first-order correlation with temperature.
- the accuracy of surface tension at any temperature within the range of the heat treatment temperature can be determined from the correlation between the surface tension measured with a sample prepared at two or more heat treatment temperatures and the heat treatment temperature. It is possible to estimate well. Therefore, the surface tension of a heat-treated coal may be estimated in this way.
- the interfacial tension ⁇ inter of the blended coal when the heat treatment temperature is changed is calculated, as shown in Table 13, from the surface tension value of each coal obtained from the heat treated coal treated at 400 ° C., the equation (20)
- the interfacial tension ⁇ inter of the obtained blended coal B is 0.023 mN / m, and 0.023 mN / m, 0.025 mN / m, and 0.026 mN / m in the case of 450 ° C., 600 ° C., and 800 ° C. heat treatment, respectively.
- a large difference depending on the heat treatment temperature was not recognized.
- the interfacial tensions of the blended coal obtained from the surface tension of the heat-treated coal at 400 ° C., 450 ° C., 600 ° C., and 800 ° C. are 0.034 mN / m, 0.036 mN / m, and. 039 mN /, 0.039 mmN / m, and no significant difference depending on the heat treatment temperature was observed. That is, even when the heat treatment temperature is changed, it can be seen that high strength coke can be produced by blending the blended coal with the interfacial tension of 0.03 mN / m or less. Since the surface tension value of the heat-treated coal is affected by the heat treatment temperature as described above, the interfacial tension of the blended coal was calculated for samples treated at the same heat treatment temperature for all brands of coal, or It is necessary to calculate using the estimated surface tension value.
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Abstract
Description
石炭性状としてビトリニット平均最大反射率(Roの平均値、以下単にRoと記す)とギーセラープラストメーターの最高流動度(MF)の2つの指標をパラメータとしてコークス強度を推定する配合理論であり、現在一般的に使用されている。
NMR(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)により測定した石炭の粘結成分量を示す指標と石炭の粘結成分の粘度を示す指標を用いたコークス強度推定法である(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
石炭は産出国、炭鉱、炭層においてその性質が異なるが、異種石炭を配合してコークスを製造した際、石炭間には相互作用があることが指摘されている。
上記(イ)、(ロ)等で用いている通常のコークス強度推定式では、2種類の石炭を配合したときのコークス強度は各物性値の加重平均値で推定されるため、相互作用による強度向上効果、つまり配合効果は含まれない場合が多い。これに対して、配合効果を推定する方法である、複数種の石炭からなる配合炭のコークス特性を各石炭の2種類の組み合わせの集合として、そのコークス特性と各単味炭コークス特性の加重平均からのずれを配合効果係数としてコークス強度推定式を作成する方法が知られている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。配合効果係数は実測または推測して求めることができる。
(1)2種以上の石炭を配合して配合炭を形成し、前記配合炭を乾留するコークスの製造方法において、石炭間の界面張力を、前記配合の際の石炭の配合割合を決定する管理指標として用いることを特徴とするコークスの製造方法。
(2)前記石炭の配合割合の決定が、石炭間の界面張力を各石炭の表面張力を用いて導出し、予め2種以上の石炭を配合した配合炭の界面張力と、前記配合炭を乾留して製造したコークスのコークス強度との関係を求め、該関係を用いて配合炭の界面張力が所望のコークス強度を示す範囲内となるように、石炭の配合割合を決定することからなる(1)に記載のコークスの製造方法。
(3)前記石炭の表面張力が、軟化溶融開始温度以上、コークス化温度以下に加熱後、不活性雰囲気下で冷却した前記石炭を試料として測定することで得られる(2)に記載のコークスの製造方法。
(4)前記石炭の表面張力が、350℃~800℃に加熱後、不活性雰囲気下で冷却した石炭を試料として測定することで得られる(3)に記載のコークスの製造方法。
(5)前記石炭間の界面張力の導出が、各石炭の表面張力を用いて下記(1)式より界面張力γinterを導出することからなる(2)ないし(4)のいずれかに記載のコークスの製造方法。
(8)配合炭の加重平均Roが0.90~1.30%の範囲であり、かつ配合炭の加重平均logMFが2.3以上2.8以下の範囲である配合炭を用いる(7)に記載のコークスの製造方法。ここで、Roは平均最大反射率であり、MFはギーセラー最高流動度である。
(9)配合炭の加重平均Roが0.90~1.30%の範囲であり、かつ配合炭の加重平均logMFが2.0以上2.3未満の範囲である配合炭の場合には、界面張力γinterが0.02mN/m以下となるように前記石炭の配合割合を決定することを特徴とする(5)または(6)に記載のコークスの製造方法。ここで、Roは平均最大反射率であり、MFはギーセラー最高流動度である。
(10)logMF値が1.4以下の石炭の配合率が30mass%以上の場合には、界面張力γinterが0.01mN/m以下となるように前記石炭の配合割合を決定することを特徴とする(5)または(6)に記載のコークスの製造方法。ここで、MFはギーセラー最高流動度である。
(a)コークス強度推定式の推定精度が高まり、従来の石炭性状パラメータでは想起できない配合条件でコークスを製造することができる。
(b)また、石炭性状パラメータが増えることにより原料購買の自由度が高まり、原料コストを増加させることなくコークス強度を高めることが可能となる。
(c)またさらに、本発明方法はギーセラープラストメーターを用いた評価が困難である流動性の低い非微粘結炭にも適用できるので、原料炭配合の自由度をより一層高めることができる。
また、リーとニューマン(D.Li、A.W.Neumann)らは、φの値がγA、γBの値が離れるほど大きくなると仮定し、(3)式を拡張した下記(4)式を提案している。
前記石炭の加熱温度は、石炭粒子間の接着に表面張力が影響を及ぼしているという考えから、石炭が軟化溶融を開始し、接着、固化し、コークス化が完了するコークス化温度までの温度域、つまり軟化溶融を開始する350℃以上で、かつ、コークス化が完了する800℃までの温度域とすることが適当である。加熱温度である350℃~800℃において、特に接着に寄与している温度は軟化溶融時の温度であるが、コークス製造に用いられる石炭の軟化溶融温度域は350~500℃であり、全ての種類の石炭が軟化溶融しているといえる温度は500℃となるので、加熱温度としては特に500℃近傍として480~520℃が好ましい。なお、熱処理した石炭の表面張力は石炭の表面張力とある程度の相関があるため、石炭の表面張力を用いて界面張力を求めることも可能である。
γSL=γS+γL-2φ(γSγL)0.5 ・・・(5)
ヤング(Young)の式より、(6)式が得られる。
γS=γLcosθ+γSL ・・・(6)
(5)、(6)式より、(7)式が導かれる。
1+cosθ=2φ(γS/γL)0.5 ・・・(7)
(7)式にθ=0°とγL=γCを代入すると、(8)式が得られる。
1+1=2φ(γS/γC)0.5 ・・・(8)
(8)式の両辺を2乗すると、(9)式が得られる。
φ2γS=γC ・・・(9)
(9)式の臨界表面張力γCとφより石炭の表面張力γSを求めることができる。フィルム・フローテーション法で用いる液体と石炭の構造は大きく異なるが、その違いに比べると石炭の種類(炭種)による違いは小さいものと考えられる。相互作用係数φは互いの分子構造に影響を受けるパラメータであるため、相互作用係数φは石炭銘柄によらず一定と仮定すると、表面張力γSは臨界表面張力γCのみで表される。よって、石炭の表面張力は臨界表面張力のみでも評価できると言える。本発明においては、相互作用係数φを1と考え、石炭の表面張力γSの値は臨界表面張力γCと等しいと考える。
γAB=paaγaa+pabγab+pbbγbb ・・・(12)
但し、γAB:A炭、B炭からなる配合炭の界面張力、paa:a-a界面の存在確率、pab:a-b界面の存在確率、pbb:b-b界面の存在確率、γaa:a-a界面の界面張力、γab:a-b界面の界面張力、γbb:b-b界面の界面張力である。各界面の界面張力はA炭、B炭の表面張力分布の平均値を(4)式に代入して導出できるものとする。各界面の存在確率はA炭、B炭の配合率により変化するものと考えられる。そこで各界面の存在確率をA炭、B炭の配合率の積より導出されるものとした。以下に詳細を示す。
0.5×0.5=0.25 ・・・(13)
a-b界面:A炭配合率とB炭配合率を乗じて導出する。a-b界面とb-a界面を同じ界面とみなす。界面の存在確率は以下の(14)式より50%となる。
0.5×0.5+0.5×0.5=0.5 ・・・(14)
b-b界面:B炭配合率とB炭配合率を乗じて導出する。界面の存在確率は以下の(15)式より25%となる。
0.5×0.5=0.25 ・・・(15)
以上をまとめ、(12)式中の界面の存在確率を配合率に書き改めた、界面張力の導出式を下記(16)式に示す。
γAB=wawaγaa+wbwbγbb+2wawbγab ・・・(16)
但し、wa:A炭の配合率、wb:b炭の配合率である。
γij=γji ・・・(19)
である。(18)式を行列で書き表すと、(20)式~(22)式になる。 なお、tは転置行列を表す記号である。
γA=γB ・・・(23)
である。つまり表面張力が等しい石炭を配合した場合、界面張力が最小となる。これより、(20)式を用いて界面張力の小さい配合を決定することは、石炭表面張力値の炭種による差が小さくなるように配合を決定することと同じことであるといえる。
界面張力に基づき高強度コークスを製造した例を示す。従来の石炭性状パラメータには依存しない高強度コークスの製造条件を明らかにするため、従来の石炭性状パラメータを一定にした条件下で実験を行った。13種類の石炭(炭種A~M)を用意し、まずこれらの石炭に対して性状試験を実施し、従来の石炭性状パラメータであるビトリニット平均最大反射率(Ro)、ギーセラープラストメーターの最高流動度(logMF)、そしてフィルム・フローテーション法による表面張力を測定した。平均最大反射率はJISM8816(石炭ビトリニットの平均最大反射率)、ギーセラー最高流動度はJISM8801の方法で測定した。フィルム・フローテーション法による表面張力の測定には、石炭を粒径200μm以下に粉砕し、3℃/minで500℃まで加熱し、液体窒素で急冷後、150μm以下に粉砕し、乾燥窒素気流中120℃で2時間真空乾燥した試料を用いた。フィルム・フローテーション法での表面張力測定に利用する液体には安価かつ取り扱いが簡便なエタノールを用いた。測定した表面張力分布より(10)式を用いて表面張力分布の平均値を導出し、この表面張力分布の平均値を石炭の表面張力の指標とした(γ)。性状試験結果を元に、界面張力値の異なる4水準の配合(配合A~D)を決定した。コークス強度に影響を及ぼす他のパラメータの影響を除外するため、従来コークス強度推定に利用されているパラメータであるビトリニット平均最大反射率(Ro)の配合炭加重平均値、ギーセラープラストメーターの最高流動度(logMF)の配合炭加重平均値が各水準で一定となるよう、AからMまでの石炭の配合率を調整した。Roの配合炭平均値、logMFの配合炭平均値の値は、実操業で採用されている値とした。界面張力(γinter)の導出には(20)式を用いた。13種類の石炭の性状を表2、配合率を表3、配合炭の性状を表4に示す。
低MF炭配合率が高い配合条件下において、界面張力を制御することによって高強度コークスを製造した例を示す。8種類の石炭を用意し、まずこれらの石炭に対して性状試験を実施した。測定項目は、上記の[実施例1]と同様に、Ro(最大平均反射率)、logMF、表面張力とした。測定方法も[実施例1]と同様である。測定した表面張力分布より(10)式を用いて表面張力分布の平均値を導出し、この表面張力分布の平均値を石炭の表面張力の指標とした(γ)。性状試験結果を元に、界面張力の異なる5水準の配合(配合E~I)を決定した。コークス強度に影響を及ぼす他のパラメータの影響を除外するため、従来コークス強度推定に利用されているパラメータであるRoの配合炭加重平均値、logMFの配合炭加重平均値は各水準で一定となるよう、各石炭の配合率を調整した。また、logMF値が1.4以下の石炭の割合が30mass%以上となるよう配合を決定した。Roの平均値の配合炭加重平均値、logMFの配合炭加重平均値の値は、実操業で採用されている値とした。界面張力として、(20)式で定義されるγinterを用いた。8種類の石炭の性状を表5、配合率を表6、配合炭の性状を表7に示す。
配合炭を構成する各石炭の表面張力の分散から界面張力を推定し、その界面張力を制御することによって高強度コークスを製造した例を示す。測定項目、強度試験結果は[実施例1]、[実施例2]と同じ値を用い、界面張力の導出のみ(25)式を用いるものとする。配合AからIにおいて、(25)式を用いて界面張力を導出した結果を表8に示す。
実施例1~3とは異なる銘柄または異なるロットの18種類の石炭を用いて配合炭の流動性が低い条件でのコークス強度への配合炭表面張力の影響を調査した。用いた石炭の性状を表9に示す。
実施例1~4と同様に、複数種類の石炭を組み合わせて種々の加重平均Ro、加重平均logMF、界面張力を持つ配合炭を調製し、コークスを製造してコークス強度の評価を行なった。この時配合炭の界面張力は(2)式に基づいて計算した。配合炭性状と、得られたコークスの強度測定結果を表11に示す。
石炭の熱処理温度を変えて実施例1の方法と同様に熱処理石炭の試料を調製し、その表面張力を測定すると、軟化溶融温度以上の温度域において、熱処理温度が高くなるほど、表面張力の値が大きくなる傾向が認められた。例えば、表12に示すように、熱処理温度を、400℃、450℃、500℃、600℃、800℃とした時、C炭の表面張力はそれぞれ33.0、35.5、41.1、45.2、52.3mN/mとなり、M炭の表面張力は、30.4、32.4、37.6、42.2、48.7mN/mとなった。表2に示した他の石炭も各温度において概ねC炭とM炭の表面張力の間の値となった。
2 液体
3 試料粒子
4 表面張力
5 表面張力分布のピーク値
6 表面張力分布の最小表面張力
7 表面張力分布の最大表面張力
8 石炭A
9 石炭B
10(10a、10b、10c、10d) 石炭同士の接触界面
11 石炭A、石炭Bからなる配合炭で製造したコークス内部の断面模式図
Claims (10)
- 2種以上の石炭を配合して配合炭を形成し、前記配合炭を乾留するコークスの製造方法において、石炭間の界面張力を、前記配合の際の石炭の配合割合を決定する管理指標として用いることを特徴とするコークスの製造方法。
- 前記石炭の配合割合の決定が、石炭間の界面張力を各石炭の表面張力を用いて導出し、予め2種以上の石炭を配合した配合炭の界面張力と、前記配合炭を乾留して製造したコークスのコークス強度との関係を求め、該関係を用いて配合炭の界面張力が所望のコークス強度を示す範囲内となるように、石炭の配合割合を決定することからなる請求項1に記載のコークスの製造方法。
- 前記石炭の表面張力が、軟化溶融開始温度以上、コークス化温度以下に加熱後、不活性雰囲気下で冷却した前記石炭を試料として測定することで得られる請求項2に記載のコークスの製造方法。
- 前記石炭の表面張力が、350℃~800℃に加熱後、不活性雰囲気下で冷却した石炭を試料として測定することで得られる請求項3に記載のコークスの製造方法。
- 前記界面張力γinterが0.03mN/m以下となるように石炭の配合割合を決定することを特徴とする請求項5または請求項6に記載のコークスの製造方法。
- 配合炭の加重平均Roが0.90~1.30%の範囲であり、かつ配合炭の加重平均logMFが2.3以上2.8以下の範囲である配合炭を用いる請求項7に記載のコークスの製造方法。ここで、Roは平均最大反射率であり、MFはギーセラー最高流動度である。
- 配合炭の加重平均Roが0.90~1.30%の範囲であり、かつ配合炭の加重平均logMFが2.0以上2.3未満の範囲である配合炭の場合には、界面張力γinterが0.02mN/m以下となるように前記石炭の配合割合を決定することを特徴とする請求項5または請求項6に記載のコークスの製造方法。ここで、Roは平均最大反射率であり、MFはギーセラー最高流動度である。
- logMF値が1.4以下の石炭の配合率が30mass%以上の場合には、界面張力γinterが0.01mN/m以下となるように前記石炭の配合割合を決定することを特徴とする請求項5または請求項6に記載のコークスの製造方法。ここで、MFはギーセラー最高流動度である。
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US20150047961A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
EP2767574B1 (en) | 2020-06-10 |
JPWO2013054526A1 (ja) | 2015-03-30 |
IN2014MN00818A (ja) | 2015-06-12 |
JP5505567B2 (ja) | 2014-05-28 |
RU2570875C1 (ru) | 2015-12-10 |
CN103987812A (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
TWI486431B (zh) | 2015-06-01 |
TW201319239A (zh) | 2013-05-16 |
US9463980B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
RU2014119377A (ru) | 2015-11-20 |
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