WO2013051430A1 - 光学フィルム及びそれを備える液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
光学フィルム及びそれを備える液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013051430A1 WO2013051430A1 PCT/JP2012/074557 JP2012074557W WO2013051430A1 WO 2013051430 A1 WO2013051430 A1 WO 2013051430A1 JP 2012074557 W JP2012074557 W JP 2012074557W WO 2013051430 A1 WO2013051430 A1 WO 2013051430A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- molten resin
- tensile strength
- optical film
- acrylate monomer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 269
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 67
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- CEXQWAAGPPNOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 CEXQWAAGPPNOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- -1 alkyl methacrylate Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- DSESELHEBRQXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F DSESELHEBRQXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFOTXPDZONRJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1F WFOTXPDZONRJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEWJUQWKGAHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-phenylphenyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QUEWJUQWKGAHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(F)(F)F QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PITLEXLWAKFCAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-1-phenoxyethanol;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.OCCOCC(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 PITLEXLWAKFCAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVINYQDSSQUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 RZVINYQDSSQUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical class CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N [(1s,3s,4s)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(=C)C)C[C@H]1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940119545 isobornyl methacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NWAHZAIDMVNENC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octahydro-1h-4,7-methanoinden-5-yl methacrylate Chemical compound C12CCCC2C2CC(OC(=O)C(=C)C)C1C2 NWAHZAIDMVNENC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/0074—Production of other optical elements not provided for in B29D11/00009- B29D11/0073
- B29D11/00788—Producing optical films
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1807—C7-(meth)acrylate, e.g. heptyl (meth)acrylate or benzyl (meth)acrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92209—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/911—Cooling
- B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
- B29C48/914—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means cooling drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
- B29K2033/08—Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0002—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
- B29L2031/3475—Displays, monitors, TV-sets, computer screens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical film and a liquid crystal display device including the same.
- a film-like optical member for example, a film used in a liquid crystal display device or a prism sheet substrate
- an optical film is generally called an “optical film”.
- One of the important optical properties of this optical film is birefringence. That is, it may not be preferable that the optical film has a large birefringence.
- the presence of a film having a large birefringence adversely affects image quality. Therefore, it is desired to use an optical film with a birefringence suppressed as much as possible.
- Patent Document 1 is composed only of a copolymer having an yuan of 3 or more, or at least capable of being oriented in a polymer having an anisotropy of polarizability and a copolymer having an yuan of 2 or more.
- a non-birefringent optical resin material composed of one kind of low-molecular organic compound and having a component ratio selected so that orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence are simultaneously canceled is described.
- Patent Document 2 describes an optical film made of an acrylic resin having a ring structure in the main chain and biaxially stretched.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses that by randomly copolymerizing a monomer constituting a homopolymer showing positive birefringence and a monomer constituting a homopolymer showing negative birefringence at an appropriate ratio. Describes a method of offsetting the birefringence of the polymer chain.
- a polymer film that simultaneously cancels orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence can be produced by adjusting the blending ratio of three or more raw materials.
- a lot of equipment is required to input raw materials, and it is difficult to adjust and manage the input amounts of many raw materials. Therefore, it is industrially valuable to make a low birefringence film from two monomers from the viewpoint of production cost.
- Patent Document 2 in a film made of a polymer made of an acrylic resin having a ring structure in the main chain, the mechanical properties of the film can be improved to a level that causes no practical problem if biaxial stretching is performed. .
- a film made of a polymer other than an expensive and special acrylic resin having a ring structure in the main chain has a problem that it is difficult to achieve both low birefringence and mechanical properties.
- Non-Patent Document 1 has a problem that mechanical properties such as bending resistance and crack resistance as an optical film are extremely low.
- the birefringence exhibited by the optical film includes “orientation birefringence” whose main cause is the orientation of the polymer main chain and “photoelastic birefringence” caused by the stress applied to the film.
- the signs of orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence are derived from the chemical structure of the polymer and are unique to each polymer.
- Oriented birefringence is birefringence that is generally manifested by the orientation of the main chain of a chain polymer, and the orientation of the main chain is accompanied by the flow of materials such as extrusion and stretching processes during polymer film production. It occurs in the process and it remains fixed to the film.
- photoelastic birefringence is birefringence caused by elastic deformation of the film.
- elastic stress remains in the film due to volume shrinkage that occurs when the polymer is cooled from around the glass transition temperature to a temperature lower than that, which causes photoelastic birefringence.
- an external force received when the optical film is fixed to the device at a normal temperature also generates stress in the film, and photoelastic birefringence is exhibited.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an optical film having both small orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence, and excellent mechanical properties such as flex resistance, crack resistance, and tensile strength, and a method for producing the same. Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device provided with the said optical film.
- One aspect of the present invention is an optical film formed by continuously discharging a molten resin from a die lip of an extruder onto a cast roll, and the molten resin is a negative intrinsic compound when formed as a homopolymer.
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 of the surface speed V 2 (m / min) of the cast roll to the discharge speed V 1 (m / min) of the molten resin from the die lip is 1.2 or more and 15 The following relates to the optical film.
- the optical film has small orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence, and is excellent in mechanical properties such as bending resistance, crack resistance, and tensile strength. Therefore, the said optical film can be used conveniently as an optical member used for optical related apparatuses, such as a liquid crystal display device.
- the sign of the photoelastic coefficient when the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) is a homopolymer, and the sign of the photoelastic coefficient when the (meth) acrylate monomer (B) is a homopolymer is preferred.
- the absolute value of the in-plane retardation Re and the absolute value of the thickness direction retardation Rth are both 8 nm or less.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient is 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less.
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction by the cast roll and the tensile strength in the width direction perpendicular to the transport direction is 140 MPa or more and 330 MPa or less.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device including the optical film. Since the optical film has small orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence, the adverse effect on image quality can be sufficiently reduced. Therefore, according to the liquid crystal display device, good image quality is realized.
- another aspect of the present invention includes a film forming step of continuously discharging a molten resin from a die lip of an extruder onto a cast roll, and the molten resin has a negative intrinsic birefringence when it is a homopolymer.
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 of the surface speed V 2 (m / min) of the cast roll to the discharge speed V 1 (m / min) of the molten resin from the die lip is 1.2 to 15
- the present invention relates to an optical film manufacturing method.
- an optical film having both small orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence and excellent mechanical properties such as flex resistance, crack resistance characteristics, and tensile strength can be easily produced.
- an optical film having both small orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence and excellent mechanical properties such as flex resistance, crack resistance, and tensile strength, and a method for producing the same are provided.
- a liquid crystal display device provided with the said optical film is provided.
- the optical film according to the present embodiment is a film formed by continuously discharging a molten resin from a die lip of an extruder onto a cast roll.
- the molten resin is 75 to 99% by mass (preferably 80 to 95% by mass, more preferably 85% by mass) of the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) that exhibits a negative intrinsic birefringence when it is a homopolymer.
- (Meth) acrylate monomer (B), which exhibits a positive intrinsic birefringence when it is a homopolymer, is 1 to 25% by mass (preferably 5 to 20% by mass, more preferably 5 to 15% by mass). %) And a copolymer.
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 of the surface speed V 2 (m / min) of the cast roll to the discharge speed V 1 (m / min) of the molten resin from the die lip is 1.2. It is 15 or less.
- Such an optical film has small orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence, and is excellent in mechanical properties such as bending resistance, crack resistance, and tensile strength. Therefore, the said optical film can be used conveniently as an optical member used for optical related apparatuses, such as a liquid crystal display device.
- (Meth) acrylate monomer (A) is a monomer component in which the homopolymer exhibits a negative intrinsic birefringence.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) include alkyl methacrylate. Specifically, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl methacrylate, ethyl adamantyl methacrylate, methyl adamantyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, Examples thereof include butyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate. Of these, methyl methacrylate, which is produced in large quantities as a raw material for a general-purpose resin called acrylic glass, is inexpensive and preferable.
- (Meth) acrylate monomer (B) is a monomer whose homopolymer exhibits a positive intrinsic birefringence.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate monomer (B) include benzyl methacrylate, phenoxyethyl methacrylate, phenoxydiethylene glycol methacrylate, biphenyl methacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, pentafluorobenzyl methacrylate, trifluorophenyl methacrylate, and trihydroperfluoro.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, propyl methacrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, and (meth) acrylic acid esters of fluorine-substituted aromatic groups.
- methyl methacrylate as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) exhibiting negative intrinsic birefringence
- (meth) acrylate monomer exhibiting positive intrinsic birefringence ( B) can be appropriately selected from the above examples.
- benzyl methacrylate or phenoxyethyl methacrylate is preferably used as the (meth) acrylate monomer (B).
- a combination of methyl methacrylate / benzyl methacrylate or methyl methacrylate / phenoxyethyl methacrylate has a polymerization reactivity ratio of about 1, and is a particularly preferable combination.
- the reactivity ratio is different, the copolymerization ratio is different between the early stage of polymerization and the late stage of polymerization, and a micro-inhomogeneous structure is easily formed. If the difference in copolymer composition is large, the same phenomenon as in blends of different polymers is likely to occur in the copolymer. If the difference is significantly large, the polymer may become cloudy and not suitable for optical applications.
- the copolymer can be obtained by, for example, selecting (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and (meth) acrylate monomer (B) one by one and copolymerizing them. A plurality of (meth) acrylate monomers (A) and (meth) acrylate monomers (B) can be selected and copolymerized to obtain a copolymer.
- the copolymer may be a copolymer obtained by adding another monomer to the selected (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and (meth) acrylate monomer (B).
- A selected (meth) acrylate monomer
- B selected (meth) acrylate monomer
- a methacrylic resin is copolymerized with an alkyl acrylate in the range of 1 to 5% by mass, thermal decomposition is suppressed. Therefore, when a methacrylate monomer is selected as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A), a part thereof may be replaced with an alkyl acrylate in the range of, for example, 1 to 5% by mass for the purpose of improving heat resistance.
- the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and the (meth) acrylate monomer (B) it is preferable to select monomers in which the signs of the photoelastic coefficients when the respective homopolymers are reversed.
- the copolymer obtained from the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and the (meth) acrylate monomer (B) thus selected tends to have a smaller photoelastic coefficient.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer is preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 or more, and more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 or more. According to such a copolymer, the polymer main chain is more easily oriented in the specific film-forming method of the present embodiment, so that more excellent mechanical properties can be obtained.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer is preferably at 4.0 ⁇ 10 5 or less and more preferably 3.0 ⁇ 10 5 or less. According to such a copolymer, since the melt viscosity is sufficiently low, film formation can be performed more easily.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer is measured by HLC-8220 GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation.
- the column was Super-Multipore HZ-M manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, and the measurement conditions were a flow rate of 0.35 ml / min and a column temperature of 40 ° C.
- any of bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and solution polymerization can be applied.
- the copolymerization method an embodiment when the suspension polymerization method is applied will be described in detail.
- the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and the (meth) acrylate monomer (B) are weighed so as to obtain a desired weight ratio, and then charged into the suspension polymerization apparatus.
- the unit “mass part” of the input amount is the weight ratio of each additive to the total amount of 100 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and the (meth) acrylate monomer (B).
- the kind and input amount of the above-mentioned polymerization initiator, chain transfer agent, dispersant and buffer solution are merely examples, and are not limited to the above.
- polymerization is performed at 65 ° C. for 2 hours and then at 85 ° C. for 1 hour, so that the weight average molecular weight is 5.0 ⁇ .
- a copolymer of 10 4 or more and 4.0 ⁇ 10 5 or less can be obtained.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer can be appropriately adjusted by changing the type and amount of the polymerization initiator and chain transfer agent, and the reaction temperature and reaction time in the suspension polymerization apparatus.
- the copolymer obtained in this embodiment is a powder or a granule, and after filtration, it is sufficiently washed and can be used in a film forming process described later.
- the molten resin may contain components other than the copolymer.
- examples of such components include antioxidants, lubricants, ultraviolet absorbers, stabilizers, and the like.
- the content of the copolymer in the molten resin is preferably 95 to 100% by mass and more preferably 99 to 100% by mass with respect to the total amount of the molten resin.
- the optical film according to the present embodiment can be obtained by a manufacturing method including a film forming process in which a molten resin is continuously discharged from a die lip of an extruder onto a cast roll to form a film.
- a manufacturing method including a film forming process in which a molten resin is continuously discharged from a die lip of an extruder onto a cast roll to form a film.
- the extruder includes a die lip (T die) for discharging molten resin, and continuously discharges the molten resin from the die lip onto the cast roll with a predetermined thickness.
- the molten resin discharged from the die lip is transported by a cast roll, and film-formed (film-formed) by being cooled as necessary.
- the extruder can extrude the molten resin at a desired temperature.
- the extrusion temperature is preferably 130 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 150 ° C. or higher and 280 ° C. or lower.
- the extrusion temperature is 130 ° C. or higher, the molten resin containing the copolymer is sufficiently melt-kneaded, so that the unmelted product is prevented from remaining in the film, and the production efficiency is further improved.
- the extrusion temperature is 300 ° C. or lower, it is possible to prevent coloring of the film due to thermal decomposition and adhesion of the thermal decomposition product to the die lip.
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 is 1.
- the screw rotation speed of the extruder, the rotation speed of the cast roll, and the clearance between the lips of the die lip are adjusted so that they are 2 or more and 15 or less.
- the molten resin between the die lip and the landing point on the cast roll is stretched and deformed by increasing the take-up speed of the molten resin by the cast roll rather than the discharge speed of the molten resin.
- the film cooled and solidified on the cast roll becomes difficult to break and can be stably conveyed.
- This mechanism is considered to be because the polymer main chain of the copolymer is oriented parallel to the film surface in the process of the molten resin stretching and deforming between the die lip and the landing point on the cast roll. And by adopting such a method for the molten resin, it is possible to improve crack resistance while suppressing an increase in the orientation birefringence as compared with the case where the polymer main chain is oriented by stretching. Excellent effect is obtained.
- the density ⁇ 1 (g / cm 3 ) of the film at room temperature of 25 ° C. can be measured by a generally widely known method such as an underwater substitution method or a pycnometer method.
- the density ⁇ 2 (g / cm 3 ) of the molten resin at the temperature when discharged from the die lip is determined using a melt indexer F-F01 manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd., which is a melt mass flow rate or melt volume flow rate measuring device. Can be measured.
- the die lip is discharged from the die lip according to the following equation (3) using the opening cross-sectional area A (m 2 ) at the tip of the die lip.
- the molten resin discharge speed V 1 (m / min) can be calculated.
- V 1 VO / A (3)
- the surface speed V 2 (m / min) of the cast roll is determined by the peripheral speed of the cast roll, and is equivalent to the transport speed of the film cooled and solidified on the cast roll.
- the die lip of an extruder is usually provided with a mechanism that can arbitrarily adjust a clearance between lips by a push-pull bolt.
- a mechanism that can arbitrarily adjust a clearance between lips by a push-pull bolt.
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 is 1.2 or more and 15 or less, more preferably 1.3 or more and 10 or less, and more preferably 1.4 or more and 8 or less. If the ratio V 2 / V 1 is less than 1.2, the film cooled and solidified on the cast roll is fragile, so it breaks during line conveyance, and the film cannot be wound up, or the film forming process and the after-mentioned process When the stretching process to be performed is a consistent line, there arises a problem that the raw film cannot be provided to the stretching process. That is, when the ratio V 2 / V 1 is smaller than 1.2, an optical film using the molten resin cannot be stably produced. On the other hand, if the ratio V 2 / V 1 is greater than 15, problems such as uneven thickness of the raw film increase and holes are formed in the molten resin discharged from the die lip.
- the film formed by the film forming process can be subjected to a stretching process as necessary.
- a stretching process for example, when the tensile strength of a film that has undergone a film forming process is measured, when the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction of the film and the tensile strength in the width direction is less than 140 MPa, the film is obtained in order to obtain better crack resistance. It is preferable to use for an extending process. If the sum is 140 MPa or more, the stretching step is not necessarily required.
- the film formed in the film forming process is stretched.
- the stretching method include longitudinal stretching between rolls using a peripheral speed difference and lateral stretching using a tenter device, and a sequential biaxial stretching method combining these can also be applied.
- a simultaneous biaxial stretching apparatus in which the clip interval for gripping the film end part extends also in the film transport direction may be used.
- the stretching apparatus may be an integrated line with an extrusion film forming machine, or may be a method in which the raw material wound up by the extrusion film forming machine is sent off-line to a stretching apparatus for stretching.
- the stretching temperature is preferably Tg + 2 ° C. or more and Tg + 20 ° C. or less, more preferably Tg + 5 ° C. or more and Tg + 15 ° C. or less when the glass transition temperature of the raw film is Tg (° C.).
- Tg + 2 ° C. the film may be broken during stretching or the haze of the film is likely to increase.
- the stretching temperature is higher than Tg + 20 ° C., the polymer main chain is difficult to be oriented. Even in such a case, a sufficient degree of polymer main chain orientation may not be obtained.
- the stretching ratio is preferably in the range of 1.1 to 3 times with respect to at least one direction.
- the draw ratio is less than 1.1, there is little effect of orienting the polymer main chain and improving the crack resistance of the film.
- the draw ratio is larger than 3, problems such as cloudiness of the film or breakage of the film may occur.
- the film thickness of the optical film is preferably from 10 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, more preferably from 15 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m, and still more preferably from 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the optical film is 10 ⁇ m or more, the handleability of the optical film becomes better when the optical film is bonded to a polarizing plate.
- the film thickness is 150 ⁇ m or less, an increase in haze can be sufficiently suppressed, and an increase in material cost per unit area can also be suppressed.
- the orientation birefringence of the optical film can be evaluated by measuring retardation (Re) which is an in-plane retardation value of the film and Rth which is a thickness direction retardation value with an Axoscan apparatus manufactured by Axometrics.
- the image quality improves as the absolute values of Re and Rth decrease.
- the absolute values of Re and Rth are both preferably 8 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or less, and even more preferably 3 nm or less.
- the types of (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and (meth) acrylate monomer (B) are selected so that the absolute values of Re and Rth are, for example, 8 nm or less, and the copolymerization ratio is adjusted.
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 can be adjusted, and the stretching ratio in the stretching step can be adjusted as necessary.
- the photoelastic birefringence of the optical film is measured by measuring the amount of change caused by the stress applied to the retardation (Re) film, which is the retardation value of the film, using an Axoscan apparatus manufactured by Axometrics, as with the orientation birefringence. 1 / Pa].
- the specific calculation method of the photoelastic coefficient C is as the following formula (6).
- C ⁇ Re / ( ⁇ ⁇ t) (6)
- ⁇ is the amount of change in stress applied to the film in units of [Pa]
- t is the film thickness in units of [m]
- ⁇ Re is the amount of change in the in-plane retardation corresponding to the amount of change in stress of ⁇ .
- the unit is [m].
- the photoelastic coefficient C is preferably 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less, and further preferably 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less. It is.
- the types of (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and (meth) acrylate monomer (B) are selected so that the photoelastic coefficient C is, for example, 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (/ Pa) or less,
- the copolymerization ratio is adjusted, the ratio V 2 / V 1 is adjusted, and the draw ratio in the drawing step can be adjusted as necessary.
- the tensile strength of the optical film can be measured in accordance with the standard of JIS K7161 using a strograph EII and model EII-L05 manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.
- Tensile strength is the maximum tensile stress applied during a tensile test and is also called tensile strength. The unit is (MPa).
- the tensile strength of a polymer film not only changes depending on the type of monomer and the copolymerization ratio, but also changes depending on the orientation state of the polymer main chain. For example, the tensile strength in the direction in which the polymer main chain is oriented increases, and the tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the polymer main chain is oriented decreases.
- a film in which the polymer main chain is oriented in parallel to the film surface has an increased tensile strength in both the film transport direction and the width direction. Therefore, the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction of the film is an index for knowing how much the polymer main chain is oriented parallel to the surface of the film.
- the sum of the transport direction tensile strength and the width direction tensile strength of the optical film is preferably 140 MPa or more and 330 MPa or less, more preferably 150 MPa or more and 310 MPa or less, and further preferably 160 MPa or more and 300 MPa or less. .
- a heat shock test is known in which a film is bonded to a glass substrate through glue, the temperature is raised in the range of ⁇ 20 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the temperature is lowered for 500 cycles at intervals of 30 minutes.
- the sum of the number of bendings that breaks in the above-described bending test is 10 times or more, the occurrence of cracks is sufficiently suppressed even in the heat shock test.
- the optical film has better crack resistance.
- Example 1 Select methyl methacrylate as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and benzyl methacrylate as the (meth) acrylate monomer (B), and copolymerize 98% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 2% by mass of benzyl methacrylate by the suspension polymerization method described above.
- a particulate polymer hereinafter sometimes referred to as “polymer (A-1)”
- polymer (A-1) a particulate polymer
- the particulate polymer (A-1) was formed into a film using a twin screw extruder KZW-30MG manufactured by Technobel.
- the screw diameter of the biaxial extruder is 15 mm and the effective screw length (L / D) is 30, and a hanger coat type T-die is installed in the extruder via an adapter.
- the lip portion of the T die is provided with a mechanism that can arbitrarily adjust the clearance between the lips within a range of 20 ( ⁇ m) to 1000 ( ⁇ m) by a push-pull bolt. Even if the ratio between the molten resin discharge speed V 1 (m / min) and the cast roll surface speed V 2 (m / min) is changed by this clearance adjustment mechanism between the lips, a film having a constant film thickness can be obtained.
- a film can be formed. From the T-die lip, the polymer melt becomes a curtain and is discharged onto a cooling roll, transported while being cooled to room temperature, and taken up on a take-up roll to form a film.
- Tp the extrusion temperature
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.4 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min)
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 was 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m)
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was ⁇ 4.0 (nm)
- the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 3.5 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was ⁇ 3.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction was 143 (MPa).
- the sum of the number of times of bending that was broken when folded in the film conveyance direction and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction was 10 (times).
- Example 2 The discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.25 (m / min), the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min), and the ratio V 2 / V 1 is A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4 (-) was used.
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m), the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was ⁇ 8.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 7.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was ⁇ 3.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 166 (MPa), the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film, and the number of times of fracture when folded in the width direction The sum was 18 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 3 Select methyl methacrylate as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and benzyl methacrylate as the (meth) acrylate monomer (B), and copolymerize 92% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 8% by mass of benzyl methacrylate by the suspension polymerization method described above. This is referred to as a particulate polymer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “polymer (A-2)”). ) As a result of measuring the weight average molecular weight of the obtained polymer (A-2) by gel permeation chromatography, it was 1.8 ⁇ 10 5 . Moreover, it was 103 degreeC as a result of measuring glass transition temperature by differential scanning calorimetry.
- Example 3 A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer (A-2) was used instead of the polymer (A-1).
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.4 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min).
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 is 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m), the results of measuring the front phase difference Re were ⁇ 1.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 1.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa). Further, the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 160 (MPa), and the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction The sum was 20 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 4 When the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.25 (m / min) and the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 3.75 (m / min), the ratio V 2 / V 1 is A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 15 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m), the results of measuring the in-plane retardation Re were ⁇ 5.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 3.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa). Further, the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 180 (MPa), the number of folding times when the film is folded in the conveyance direction, and the number of times when the film is broken when folded in the width direction. was 40 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 5 The discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 1.0 (m / min), the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.2 (m / min), and the ratio V 2 / V 1 is A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 1.2 ( ⁇ ) was used. The film thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m). As a result of measuring the tensile strength of the film, the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction was less than 140 (MPa).
- the obtained film was subjected to free end uniaxial stretching with a film stretching machine IMC-190A manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd. to obtain a stretched film.
- the draw ratio was 1.2 times (-) in the conveying direction, the draw speed was 2.9 times / minute, and the draw temperature was 112 ° C so that (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C.
- the film thickness after stretching was 40 ⁇ m.
- the obtained stretched film had an in-plane retardation Re of ⁇ 6.5 (nm) and a thickness direction retardation Rth of ⁇ 4.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 165 (MPa)
- the number of times of rupture when folded in the direction of transport of the film was 20 (times).
- the obtained stretched film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 6 A stretched film was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the stretching method in the stretching step was biaxial stretching and the transport direction and the width direction were stretched at a stretch ratio of 1.2 times at the same time.
- Example 6 the screw speed of the extruder and the T die were adjusted so that the ratio V 2 / V 1 in the film forming process was 1.2 ( ⁇ ) and the film thickness was 40 ( ⁇ m) after stretching.
- the inter-lip clearance was adjusted.
- the stretching speed was 2.9 times / min in both the transport direction and the width direction, and the stretching temperature was 112 ° C. so that (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C.
- the obtained stretched film had an in-plane retardation Re of -1.0 (nm) and a thickness direction retardation Rth of -8.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 200 (MPa), and the number of folding times when the film is folded in the conveyance direction and the number of times when the film is broken in the width direction The sum was 66 (times).
- the obtained stretched film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 7 Select methyl methacrylate as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and benzyl methacrylate as the (meth) acrylate monomer (B), and copolymerize 82% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 18% by mass of benzyl methacrylate by the suspension polymerization method described above.
- a particulate polymer hereinafter sometimes referred to as “polymer (A-3)
- polymer (A-3) a particulate polymer
- a film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer (A-3) was used instead of the polymer (A-1).
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.4 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min)
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 was 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m)
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was 0.5 (nm)
- the thickness direction retardation Rth was 0.5 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 6.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 160 (MPa), and the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction The sum was 22 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 8 The discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 1.0 (m / min), the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.2 (m / min), and the ratio V 2 / V 1 is A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that 1.2 (-) was used.
- the film thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction was less than 140 (MPa).
- the obtained film was subjected to simultaneous biaxial stretching with a film stretching machine IMC-190A manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd. to obtain a stretched film.
- the draw ratio is 1.8 times (-) in both the transport direction and the width direction, the draw speed is 2.9 times / minute, and the draw temperature is 110 ° C. so as to be (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C.
- the thickness was 40 ( ⁇ m).
- the obtained stretched film had an in-plane retardation Re of 1.0 (nm) and a thickness direction retardation Rth of 2.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 6.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 325 (MPa), the number of folding times when the film is folded in the conveyance direction, and the number of times when the film is broken when folded in the width direction. The sum was 289 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Methyl methacrylate is selected as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A) and phenoxyethyl methacrylate is selected as the (meth) acrylate monomer (B), and 92% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 8% by mass of phenoxyethyl methacrylate are combined by the suspension polymerization method described above. Polymerization was performed to obtain a particulate polymer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “polymer (B-1)”). As a result of measuring the weight average molecular weight of the obtained polymer (B-1) by gel permeation chromatography, it was 1.8 ⁇ 10 5 . Moreover, it was 103 degreeC as a result of measuring glass transition temperature by differential scanning calorimetry.
- a film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer (B-1) was used instead of the polymer (A-1).
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.4 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min)
- the ratio V2 / V1 was 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m).
- the in-plane retardation Re was measured to be ⁇ 2.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 2.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 160 (MPa), and the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction The sum was 18 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 10 The discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 1.0 (m / min), the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.2 (m / min), and the ratio V 2 / V 1 is A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 9 except that 1.2 (-) was used.
- the film thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction was less than 140 (MPa).
- the obtained film was subjected to free end uniaxial stretching with a film stretching machine IMC-190A manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd. to obtain a stretched film.
- the draw ratio is 1.2 times (-) in the conveying direction, the draw speed is 2.9 times / min, the draw temperature is 112 ° C. so that it becomes (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C., and the film thickness after drawing is 40 ⁇ m. Met.
- the obtained stretched film had an in-plane retardation Re of ⁇ 4.0 (nm) and a thickness direction retardation Rth of ⁇ 3.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 160 (MPa), and the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction The sum was 15 (times).
- the obtained stretched film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Methyl methacrylate is selected as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A), and phenoxyethyl methacrylate is selected as the (meth) acrylate monomer (B).
- a particulate polymer hereinafter sometimes referred to as “polymer (B-2)”.
- polymer (B-2) As a result of measuring the weight average molecular weight of the obtained polymer (B-2) by gel permeation chromatography, it was 1.8 ⁇ 10 5 . Moreover, it was 101 degreeC as a result of measuring glass transition temperature by differential scanning calorimetry.
- a film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer (B-2) was used instead of the polymer (A-1).
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.4 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min)
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 was 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m)
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was 1.0 (nm)
- the thickness direction retardation Rth was 0.5 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 4.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 145 (MPa), the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film, and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction was 11 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 12 The discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 1.0 (m / min), the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.2 (m / min), and the ratio V 2 / V 1 is A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 11 except that 1.2 ( ⁇ ) was used.
- the film thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m), but as a result of measuring the tensile strength of the film after the film forming process, the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction was less than 140 (MPa). there were.
- the obtained film was subjected to simultaneous biaxial stretching with a film stretching machine IMC-190A manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd. to obtain a stretched film.
- the draw ratio is 1.2 times (-) in both the transport direction and the width direction, the draw speed is 2.9 times / minute, and the draw temperature is 110 ° C. so as to be (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C.
- the thickness was 40 ⁇ m.
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re of the obtained stretched film was 1.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was 2.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 4.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 200 (MPa), and the number of folding times when the film is folded in the conveyance direction and the number of times when the film is broken in the width direction The sum was 150 (times).
- the obtained stretched film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Methyl methacrylate is selected as the (meth) acrylate monomer (A), and phenoxyethyl methacrylate is selected as the (meth) acrylate monomer (B).
- a particulate polymer hereinafter sometimes referred to as “polymer (B-3)”.
- polymer (B-3) As a result of measuring the weight average molecular weight of the obtained polymer (B-3) by gel permeation chromatography, it was 1.8 ⁇ 10 5 . Moreover, it was 95 degreeC as a result of measuring glass transition temperature by differential scanning calorimetry.
- a film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer (B-3) was used instead of the polymer (A-1).
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.4 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min)
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 was 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m)
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was 6.0 (nm)
- the thickness direction retardation Rth was 5.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 7.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 140 (MPa), the number of folding times when the film is folded in the conveyance direction, and the number of times when the film is broken when folded in the width direction. Was 11 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 14 Using the same polymer (B-3) as in Example 13, adjusting the extruder screw rotation speed and the clearance between lips of the T die in the film forming process so that the film thickness after the stretching process is 40 ( ⁇ m), A film was produced.
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.4 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min)
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 is 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- the obtained film was subjected to simultaneous biaxial stretching with a film stretching machine IMC-190A manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd. to obtain a stretched film.
- the draw ratio was 1.2 ° ( ⁇ ) in both the transport direction and the width direction, the draw speed was 2.9 times / minute, and the draw temperature was 104 ° C. so that (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C.
- the film thickness after stretching was 40 ⁇ m.
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re of the obtained stretched film was 7.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was 8.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 7.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 150 (MPa), and the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction The sum was 18 (times).
- the obtained stretched film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- Example 15 The discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.25 (m / min), the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min), and the ratio V 2 / V 1 is A film was produced in the same manner as in Example 13 except that 4.0 (-) was used.
- the in-plane retardation Re of the obtained film was 8.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was 7.5 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 7.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 150 (MPa), and the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction The sum was 18 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency and was an optical film having both low birefringence and crack resistance.
- a film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained homopolymer.
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 1.0 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.2 (m / min)
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 was set to 1.2 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m)
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was ⁇ 3.0 (nm)
- the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 2.5 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was ⁇ 4.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction was 130 (MPa).
- the sum of the number of times of bending that was broken when folded in the film transport direction and the number of times of being broken when folded in the width direction was 4 (times).
- both the absolute values of Re and Rth of the film are 8 (nm) or less, and the photoelastic coefficient C is 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa ) Because of the following, deterioration in image quality was not observed even when used as a polarizing plate protective film for a liquid crystal display device.
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is as low as 130 (MPa), and the number of times of folding breaks when folded in the conveyance direction of the film and breaks when folded in the width direction. The sum with the number of times was less than 10 (times), and as a result of the heat shock test of the polarizing plate, the film was cracked. That is, it was found that this film has low crack resistance and is difficult to use as an optical film.
- Comparative Example 2 The film made of the homopolymer of methyl methacrylate of Comparative Example 1 has a low crack resistance and is difficult to use as an optical film because the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is as low as 130 (MPa). I understood. Therefore, in Comparative Example 2, the film was stretched.
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 1.0 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.2 (m / min)
- the ratio V Adjusting the extruder screw rotation speed and the clearance between the lips of the T die in the film forming process so that the film thickness becomes 40 ( ⁇ m) after the stretching process with 2 / V 1 being 1.2 ( ⁇ ), A film was prepared.
- the obtained film was subjected to simultaneous biaxial stretching with a film stretching machine IMC-190A manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd. to obtain a stretched film sample.
- the draw ratio was 1.2 ° ( ⁇ ) in both the transport direction and the width direction, the draw speed was 2.9 times / min, and the draw temperature was 110 ° C. so that (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C.
- the film thickness after stretching was 40 ⁇ m.
- the in-plane retardation Re of the obtained stretched film was measured to be ⁇ 6.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 12.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was ⁇ 4.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the transport direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 139 (MPa), the number of times of folding when folded in the direction of transport of the film, and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction The sum was 9 (times).
- the absolute value of the thickness direction retardation Rth was larger than 8 (nm), and was used as a polarizing plate protective film for a liquid crystal display device. Occasionally, image quality deteriorated. Also, the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is less than 140 (MPa), and the number of folding times when the film is bent in the conveyance direction of the film is broken. Since the sum with the number of times was less than 10 (times), it was a film in which cracks occurred in the heat shock test of the polarizing plate. When a methyl methacrylate homopolymer was used as a material, even if the film was stretched, it was impossible to produce a film having both low birefringence and crack resistance necessary as a polarizing plate protective film.
- Comparative Example 3 The same methyl methacrylate homopolymer as in Comparative Example 1 was polymerized.
- the obtained methyl methacrylate homopolymer was extruded and formed by a method in which the polymer main chain was oriented on the film surface as compared with Comparative Example 1. That is, the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.25 (m / min), the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.0 (m / min), and the ratio V 2 / V 1 was set to 4 ( ⁇ ).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m), the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was ⁇ 9.0 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was ⁇ 8.5 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was ⁇ 4.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction was 140 (MPa).
- the sum of the number of times of folding that was broken when folded in the film conveyance direction and the number of times of breaking when folded in the width direction was 10 (times).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction of the obtained film is 140 (MPa), and the number of foldings that break when folded in the conveyance direction of the film and the fracture when folded in the width direction Since the sum of the number of times of the heat treatment was 10 (times), no cracks were generated in the heat shock test of the polarizing plate. However, in the visual inspection of the obtained film, it was not cloudy and excellent in transparency, but the absolute value of the in-plane retardation Re was larger than 8 (nm), and as a polarizing plate protective film for liquid crystal display devices Deterioration in image quality was observed when used.
- Example 4 In the same manner as in Example 3, a polymer (A-2) was obtained. This polymer (A-2) is put into an extruder, and the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 1.0 (m / min), and the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 1.15 ( m / min), and adjusting the screw rotation speed of the extruder and the clearance between the lips of the T die so that the ratio V 2 / V 1 is 1.15 ( ⁇ ), the thickness of the film having a thickness of 40 ( ⁇ m) Attempted film formation. However, while the film cooled and solidified on the cast roll is being conveyed by the pass roll, or while the film is being wound on the take-up roll, the film breaks, and the film can be stably produced. could not.
- Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 3, a polymer (A-2) was obtained. This polymer (A-2) was put into an extruder, and the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die was 0.24 (m / min), and the cast roll surface speed V 2 was 3.84 ( m / min), and adjusting the screw speed of the extruder screw and the clearance between the lips of the T die so that the ratio V 2 / V 1 is 16 ( ⁇ ), a film having a thickness of 40 ( ⁇ m) is formed. Tried. However, the molten resin between the lip end of the T-die and the cast roll is stretched and deformed unevenly, and the film with large thickness unevenness such as 80 ( ⁇ m) at the thick film and 10 ( ⁇ m) at the thin film. I could only create.
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 7, a polymer (A-3) was obtained.
- the polymer (A-3) was charged to the extruder, the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T-die 0.4 (m / min), the casting roll surface speed V 2 1.0 ( m / min), and a film was formed so that the ratio V 2 / V 1 was 2.5 ( ⁇ ).
- biaxial stretching was performed with the same apparatus as Example 8, and the stretched film sample was obtained.
- the draw ratio is 3.1 times (-) in both the transport direction and the width direction, the draw speed is 2.9 times / minute, and the draw temperature is 110 ° C. so that (glass transition temperature) + 9 ° C.
- the thickness was 40 ⁇ m.
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re of the obtained stretched film was 1.5 (nm), and the thickness direction retardation Rth was 2.5 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 6.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 340 (MPa), the number of folding times when the film is folded in the conveyance direction, and the number of times when the film is broken when folded in the width direction. The sum was 330 (times).
- This polymer (B-4) was put into an extrusion film forming machine to obtain a film.
- the discharge speed V 1 of the molten resin discharged from the lip of the T die is 0.25 (m / min)
- the cast roll surface speed V 2 is 3.75 (m / min)
- the ratio V 2 / V 1 is 15 (-).
- the thickness of the obtained film was 40 ( ⁇ m)
- the result of measuring the in-plane retardation Re was 23.0 (nm)
- the thickness direction retardation Rth was 18.0 (nm).
- the photoelastic coefficient C was 18.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the sum of the tensile strength in the conveyance direction and the tensile strength in the width direction is 140 (MPa), the number of folding times when the film is folded in the conveyance direction, and the number of times when the film is broken when folded in the width direction. Was 11 (times).
- the obtained film was excellent in transparency, the absolute values of Re and Rth of the film were both larger than 8 (nm), and the photoelastic coefficient C was 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (1 / Pa).
- the image quality deteriorated.
- a polymer composed of 55% by mass of methyl methacrylate and 45% by mass of phenoxyethyl methacrylate was used as a material, it was impossible to produce a material having both low birefringence and crack resistance necessary as a polarizing plate protective film.
- an optical film having both small orientation birefringence and photoelastic birefringence and excellent mechanical properties such as flex resistance, crack resistance, and tensile strength, and a liquid crystal display device including the same.
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Abstract
Description
VO=W×L×t×α …(1)
α=ρ1/ρ2 …(2)
V1=VO/A …(3)
Re=(nx-ny)×d (nm) …(4)
Rth=((nx+ny)/2-nz)×d (nm) …(5)
C=ΔRe/(Δσ×t) …(6)
(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)としてメチルメタクリレートを、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)としてベンジルメタクリレートを選択し、上述の懸濁重合法によりメチルメタクリレート98質量%及びベンジルメタクリレート2質量%を共重合して、粒子状のポリマー(以下、場合により「ポリマー(A-1)」という。)を得た。得られたポリマー(A-1)の重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、105℃であった。
Tp=5(Tg+70)/4 …(7)
Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を0.25(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.0(m/分)として、その比V2/V1を4(-)としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフィルムを製造した。
(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)としてメチルメタクリレートを、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)としてベンジルメタクリレートを選択し、上述の懸濁重合法によりメチルメタクリレート92質量%及びベンジルメタクリレート8質量%を共重合して、粒子状のポリマー(以下、場合により「ポリマー(A-2)」)という。)を得た。得られたポリマー(A-2)の重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、103℃であった。
Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を0.25(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を3.75(m/分)として、その比V2/V1が15(-)としたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にしてフィルムを製造した。
Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を1.0(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.2(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を1.2(-)としたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にしてフィルムを製造した。得られたフィルムの膜厚は40(μm)であったが、フィルムの引張り強度を測定した結果、搬送方向引張り強度と幅方向引張り強度との和が140(MPa)未満であった。
延伸工程における延伸方法を2軸延伸とし、搬送方向と幅方向を同時に1.2倍の延伸倍率で延伸したこと以外は、実施例5と同様の方法で延伸フィルムを製造した。
(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)としてメチルメタクリレートを、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)としてベンジルメタクリレートを選択し、上述の懸濁重合法によりメチルメタクリレート82質量%、ベンジルメタクリレート18質量%を共重合して、粒子状のポリマー(以下、場合により「ポリマー(A-3)」という。)を得た。得られたポリマー(A-3)の重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、101℃であった。
Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を1.0(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.2(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を1.2(-)としたこと以外は、実施例7と同様にしてフィルムを製造した。得られたフィルムの膜厚は40(μm)であったが、フィルムの引張り強度を測定した結果、搬送方向引張り強度と幅方向引張り強度との和が140(MPa)未満であった。
(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)としてメチルメタクリレートを、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)としてフェノキシエチルメタクリレートを選択し、上述の懸濁重合法によりメチルメタクリレート92質量%及びフェノキシエチルメタクリレート8質量%を共重合して、粒子状のポリマー(以下、場合により「ポリマー(B-1)」という。)を得た。得られたポリマー(B-1)の重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、103℃であった。
Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を1.0(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.2(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を1.2(-)としたこと以外は、実施例9と同様にしてフィルムを製造した。得られたフィルムの膜厚は40(μm)であったが、フィルムの引張り強度を測定した結果、搬送方向引張り強度と幅方向引張り強度との和が140(MPa)未満であった。
(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)としてメチルメタクリレートを、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)としてフェノキシエチルメタクリレートを選択し、上述の懸濁重合法により、メチルメタクリレート82質量%及びフェノキシエチルメタクリレート18質量%を共重合して、粒子状のポリマー(以下、場合により「ポリマー(B-2)」という。)を得た。得られたポリマー(B-2)の重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、101℃であった。
Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を1.0(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.2(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を1.2(-)としたこと以外は、実施例11と同様にしてフィルムを製造した。得られたフィルムの膜厚は40(μm)であったが、製膜工程を経たフィルムの引張り強度を測定した結果、搬送方向引張り強度と幅方向引張り強度との和が140(MPa)未満であった。
(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)としてメチルメタクリレートを、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)としてフェノキシエチルメタクリレートを選択し、上述の懸濁重合法により、メチルメタクリレート75質量%及びフェノキシエチルメタクリレート25質量%を共重合して、粒子状のポリマー(以下、場合により「ポリマー(B-3)」という。)を得た。得られたポリマー(B-3)の重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、95℃であった。
実施例13と同じポリマー(B-3)を用い、延伸工程後の膜厚が40(μm)となるよう、製膜工程における押出し機スクリュー回転数及びTダイのリップ間クリアランスを調整して、フィルムを製造した。Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1は0.4(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2は1.0(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を2.5(-)とした。得られたフィルムについて、井本製作所(株)社製のフィルム延伸機IMC-190Aにて同時2軸延伸を施し、延伸フィルムを得た。延伸倍率は搬送方向、幅方向ともに1.2倍(-)、延伸速度は2.9倍/分、延伸温度は(ガラス転移温度)+9℃となるように104℃とした。延伸後のフィルム膜厚は40μmであった。
Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を0.25(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.0(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を4.0(-)としたこと以外は、実施例13と同様にしてフィルムを製造した。
上述の懸濁重合法により、メチルメタクリレート100質量%からなる粒子状のホモポリマーを重合した。メチルメタクリレートのホモポリマーは負の固有複屈折率と負の光弾性係数を有していた。得られたポリマーの重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、109℃であった。
比較例1のメチルメタクリレートのホモポリマーからなるフィルムは、搬送方向引張り強度と幅方向引張り強度との和が130(MPa)と低いために、耐クラック性が低く光学フィルムとしては使用し難いことが分かった。そこで、比較例2では、フィルムを延伸した。具体的には、Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1は1.0(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2は1.2(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を1.2(-)のまま、延伸工程後に膜厚が40(μm)となるよう、製膜工程における、押出し機スクリュー回転数とTダイのリップ間クリアランスを調整して、フィルムを作製した。
比較例1と同じメチルメタクリレートのホモポリマーを重合した。得られたメチルメタクリレートのホモポリマーを、比較例1よりもポリマー主鎖がフィルム面に配向する方法にて押出し製膜した。すなわち、Tダイのリップより吐出された溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を0.25(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.0(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1を4(-)とした。得られたフィルムの厚みは40(μm)であり、面内位相差Reを測定した結果は-9.0(nm)、厚み方向位相差Rthは-8.5(nm)であった。光弾性係数Cは-4.5×10-12(1/Pa)であった。
実施例3と同様にしてポリマー(A-2)を得た。このポリマー(A-2)を押出し機に投入し、Tダイのリップより吐出される溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を1.0(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.15(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1が1.15(-)となるように、押出し機スクリュー回転数とTダイのリップ間クリアランスを調整して、厚み40(μm)のフィルムの製膜を試みた。しかし、キャストロール上で冷却固化したフィルムをパスロールにより搬送している最中、または巻き取りロールにフィルムを巻き取っている最中にフィルムが破断してしまい、安定してフィルムを作成することができなかった。
実施例3と同様にしてポリマー(A-2)を得た。このポリマー(A-2)を押出し機に投入し、Tダイのリップより吐出される溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を0.24(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を3.84(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1が16(-)となるように、押出し機スクリュー回転数とTダイのリップ間クリアランスを調整して、厚み40(μm)のフィルムの製膜を試みた。しかし、Tダイのリップ先端と、キャストロールの間にある溶融樹脂が不均一に伸張変形してしまい、フィルムの厚いところでは80(μm)、薄いところでは10(μm)といった厚みムラの大きいフィルムしか作成できなかった。
実施例7と同様にしてポリマー(A-3)を得た。このポリマー(A-3)を押出し機に投入し、Tダイのリップより吐出される溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1を0.4(m/分)、キャストロール表面速度V2を1.0(m/分)とし、その比V2/V1が2.5(-)となるようにフィルムを製膜した。得られたフィルムについて、実施例8と同じ装置で2軸延伸を施し、延伸フィルムサンプルを得た。延伸倍率は搬送方向、幅方向ともに3.1倍(-)、延伸速度は2.9倍/分、延伸温度は(ガラス転移温度)+9℃となるように110℃とし、延伸後のフィルム膜厚は40μmであった。
(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)としてメチルメタクリレートを、(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)としてフェノキシエチルメタクリレートを選択し、上述の懸濁重合法によりメチルメタクリレート55質量%及びフェノキシエチルメタクリレート45質量%を共重合して、粒子状のポリマー(以下、「ポリマー(B-4)」という。)を重合した。得られたポリマー(B-4)の重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーで測定した結果、1.8×105であった。また、ガラス転移温度を示差走査熱量測定により測定した結果、85℃であった。
Claims (7)
- 溶融樹脂を押出機のダイリップからキャストロール上に連続的に吐出して製膜された光学フィルムであって、
前記溶融樹脂は、ホモポリマーとしたときに負の固有複屈折率を示す(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)75~99質量%と、ホモポリマーとしたときに正の固有複屈折率を示す(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)1~25質量%との共重合体を含有し、
前記ダイリップからの前記溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1(m/分)に対する、前記キャストロールの表面速度V2(m/分)の比V2/V1が、1.2以上15以下である、光学フィルム。 - 前記(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)をホモポリマーとしたときの光弾性係数の符号と、前記(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)をホモポリマーとしたときの光弾性係数の符号とが、逆である、請求項1に記載の光学フィルム。
- 面内位相差Reの絶対値及び厚さ方向位相差Rthの絶対値が、いずれも8nm以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の光学フィルム。
- 光弾性係数の絶対値が、8×10-12(/Pa)以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の光学フィルム。
- 前記キャストロールによる搬送方向における引張り強度と該搬送方向に直交する幅方向の引張り強度との和が、140MPa以上330MPa以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の光学フィルム。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の光学フィルムを備える液晶表示装置。
- 押出機のダイリップからキャストロール上に溶融樹脂を連続的に吐出する製膜工程を備え、
前記溶融樹脂は、ホモポリマーとしたときに負の固有複屈折率を示す(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(A)75~99質量%と、ホモポリマーとしたときに正の固有複屈折率を示す(メタ)アクリレートモノマー(B)1~25質量%との共重合体を含有し、
前記ダイリップからの前記溶融樹脂の吐出速度V1(m/分)に対する前記キャストロールの表面速度V2(m/分)の比V2/V1が、1.2以上15以下である、光学フィルムの製造方法。
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