WO2013018618A1 - ラジアルフォイル軸受 - Google Patents
ラジアルフォイル軸受 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013018618A1 WO2013018618A1 PCT/JP2012/068836 JP2012068836W WO2013018618A1 WO 2013018618 A1 WO2013018618 A1 WO 2013018618A1 JP 2012068836 W JP2012068836 W JP 2012068836W WO 2013018618 A1 WO2013018618 A1 WO 2013018618A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- foil
- bearing
- radial
- top foil
- engagement groove
- Prior art date
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- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 354
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
- F16C17/024—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with flexible leaves to create hydrodynamic wedge, e.g. radial foil bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
- F16C43/02—Assembling sliding-contact bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
- F16C2226/50—Positive connections
- F16C2226/70—Positive connections with complementary interlocking parts
- F16C2226/76—Positive connections with complementary interlocking parts with tongue and groove or key and slot
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a radial foil bearing.
- a radial bearing used by being extrapolated to a rotating shaft.
- the radial bearing includes a thin plate-like top foil that forms a bearing surface, a back foil that elastically supports the top foil, and a cylindrical bearing housing that houses the top foil and the back foil.
- Radial foil bearings are well known.
- a back foil of the radial foil bearing a bump foil obtained by forming a thin plate into a corrugated plate is mainly used.
- one end portion (stopped portion) of the radial foil bearing is usually directly on the bearing housing by spot welding or indirectly through a spacer. Fixed. Also, in order to perform mechanical fixation instead of welding, a part or all of one end side of the top foil is raised by bending, and this one end side is engaged with an engagement groove formed in the outer ring (bearing housing). Such a structure is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the top foil when the top foil is welded, the top foil is distorted due to heat input. Even in the structure of Patent Document 1, the top foil is distorted by bending. The thickness of the fluid lubrication film of the foil bearing formed between the rotating shaft and the top foil by the rotation of the rotating shaft is as thin as about 10 ⁇ m. For this reason, if any distortion occurs in the top foil, the load capacity and dynamic characteristics (rigidity and damping) of the bearing are affected, and the designed performance cannot be obtained.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, a radial foil bearing capable of sufficiently reducing distortion generated in the top foil and obtaining good performance as designed with respect to the load capacity and dynamic characteristics (rigidity and damping) of the bearing. provide.
- the present invention also provides a radial foil bearing that prevents the occurrence of a force (local preload) that tightens the rotating shaft.
- a radial foil bearing is a radial foil bearing that is extrapolated to a rotating shaft and supports the rotating shaft, A cylindrical top foil disposed to face the rotating shaft, a back foil disposed radially outside the top foil, and a cylindrical bearing housing that houses the top foil and the back foil therein And comprising
- the top foil is formed such that a rectangular metal foil is wound in a cylindrical shape, and one side of the metal foil extends in one tangential direction of the cylinder formed by the metal foil,
- An engagement groove is formed along the axial direction on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing housing, and the depth direction of the engagement groove coincides with the tangential direction of the cylinder of the top foil. , One side of the top foil that extends in the tangential direction of the cylinder is engaged with the engagement groove.
- one side of the top foil is formed so as to extend in the tangential direction of the cylinder, and this one side is engaged with the engagement groove of the bearing housing.
- a top foil can be accommodated and fixed in a bearing housing, without performing spot welding and a bending process with respect to a top foil.
- the depth direction of the engaging groove is made to coincide with one tangential direction of the cylinder formed by the top foil. For this reason, when one side of the top foil is engaged in the depth direction of the engaging groove, the top foil is not deformed in this engaged state. Therefore, the top foil is not distorted. As a result, distortion of the top foil can be prevented and distortion of the top foil can be sufficiently reduced.
- the top foil in the radial foil bearing of the first aspect, includes the one side and the other side opposite to the one side. It is preferable that a thin portion that is thinner than the center portion is formed. In this case, both end portions of the top foil are easily elastically deformed, and generation of a force (local preload) for tightening the rotating shaft at the both end portions can be suppressed.
- the thin-walled portion is formed such that an outer peripheral surface thereof is recessed from an outer peripheral surface of the central portion.
- a gap is formed between the thin foil portion and the back foil that supports the outer peripheral surface side, and it is possible to reliably prevent a force (local preload) that tightens the rotating shaft in the thin portion.
- the one side of the top foil engaged with the engagement groove is fixed by the fixing means. It is preferable to be fixed in the engaging groove. In this case, by fixing one side of the top foil in the engagement groove, it is possible to reliably prevent the top foil from rotating or falling off from the radial foil bearing during the rotation of the rotating shaft.
- an intermediate foil is provided between the radially outer side of the top foil and the radially inner side of the back foil.
- the bearing housing contains the top foil, the intermediate foil, and the back foil therein.
- the damping effect obtained by friction between the top foil and the intermediate foil and between the intermediate foil and the back foil is caused by the friction caused by the sliding between the plurality of intermediate foils. Can be added. As a result, the shaft vibration of the rotating shaft can be more easily settled.
- the top foil is prevented from being distorted, and the distortion of the top foil is sufficiently reduced. Moreover, the shaft vibration of the rotating shaft can be easily suppressed. As a result, the load capacity and dynamic characteristics (rigidity and damping) of the radial foil bearing are good and the performance as designed can be obtained.
- FIG. 2A It is a mimetic diagram showing an example of a turbo machine to which a radial foil bearing concerning the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of 1st Embodiment of the radial foil bearing which concerns on this invention, and is a side view of a radial foil bearing. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of 1st Embodiment of the radial foil bearing which concerns on this invention, and is a front view of a bearing housing. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of 1st Embodiment of the radial foil bearing which concerns on this invention, and is a principal part expanded side sectional view of FIG. 2A.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a turbo machine to which a radial foil bearing of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 1 shows a rotary shaft 1, an impeller 2 provided at the tip of the rotary shaft 1, and a radial foil bearing 3.
- FIG. 1 only one radial foil bearing 3 is shown, but normally, two radial foil bearings are provided in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1 to constitute a support structure for the rotating shaft 1. Therefore, also in this embodiment, two radial foil bearings 3 are provided.
- a thrust collar 4 is fixed to the rotary shaft 1 on the side where the impeller 2 is formed.
- thrust bearings 5 are arranged on the respective sides facing the thrust collar 4.
- the impeller 2 is disposed in a housing 6 on the stationary side, and has a tip clearance 7 between the impeller 2 and the housing 6.
- a radial foil bearing 3 is externally attached to the rotary shaft 1 on the center side of the thrust collar 4.
- FIG. 2A to 2E are views showing a first embodiment of the radial foil bearing applied to the turbomachine having the above-described configuration.
- the radial foil bearing 3 of the first embodiment has a cylindrical shape and is extrapolated to the rotating shaft 1 to support the rotating shaft 1.
- the radial foil bearing 3 is disposed on the cylindrical top foil 10 disposed opposite to the rotating shaft 1, the back foil 11 disposed on the radially outer side of the top foil 10, and the radially outer side of the back foil 11.
- the bearing housing 12 is provided.
- the bearing housing 12 is made of metal and has a cylindrical shape, constitutes the outermost part of the radial foil bearing 3, and accommodates the back foil 11 and the top foil 10 therein.
- An engagement groove 13 is formed in the bearing housing 12 along the axial direction of the bearing housing 12 on the inner peripheral surface thereof.
- FIG. 2B which is a front view of the bearing housing 12
- an engagement groove 13 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing housing 12 over the entire axial length of the bearing housing 12.
- the engaging groove 13 is formed so that the depth direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 2C coincides with (one) tangential direction at a predetermined position of a cylindrical portion 10a of the top foil 10 described later.
- the depth is about 2 mm to 5 m.
- a pair of holes 14 communicating with the engagement groove 13 and orthogonal to the depth direction A of the engagement groove 13 are formed on the outer peripheral surface side of the bearing housing 12.
- the pair of holes 14 are holes for inserting screws used to fix one side 10 b of the top foil 10 inserted into the engagement groove 13 in the engagement groove 13 as described later.
- Female thread portions are respectively formed on the inner peripheral surfaces of the pair of holes 14.
- the back foil 11 is formed from a foil (thin plate) and elastically supports the top foil 10.
- the back foil 11 include a bump foil, a spring foil described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-57652 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-270904, and a back foil described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-299748.
- a foil or the like is used.
- a bump foil is used as the back foil 11.
- the spring foil or the back foil may be used as the back foil of the present invention.
- the bump foil (back foil) 11 is arranged so that the foil (thin plate) is formed into a corrugated plate shape and forms a cylindrical shape along the inner peripheral surface of the bearing housing 12, as shown in FIG. 2A.
- the bump foil 11 is disposed with a predetermined distance between both ends thereof. That is, the bump foil 11 does not cover the inner circumferential surface of the bearing housing 12 on the engaging groove 13 and the side of the engaging groove 13 (the side opposite to the depth direction A of the engaging groove 13). It is arranged so as to cover only the other surface.
- the bump foil 11 formed in a corrugated plate shape, trough portions in contact with the bearing housing 12 and crest portions in contact with the top foil 10 are alternately formed along the circumferential direction of the radial foil bearing 3. .
- the bump foil 11 elastically supports the top foil 10, in particular, by a mountain portion that contacts the top foil 10.
- fluid passages are formed in the axial direction of the radial foil bearing 3 by peaks and valleys.
- the bump foil 11 is fixed to the bearing housing 12 using spot welding or the like, as in the prior art.
- the top foil 10 is wound in a cylindrical shape along the inner surface of the back foil (bump foil) 11 so that the tip of one side 10b is engaged with the engagement groove 13 formed in the bearing housing 12. It is arranged.
- FIG. 2D which is a developed view of the top foil 10
- a rectangular metal foil having a long side in the bearing circumferential direction and a short side in the bearing long direction is an arrow in FIG. It is formed by being wound in a cylindrical shape in the direction (long side length direction: bearing circumferential direction).
- the top foil 10 is wound so that one end 10b of the metal foil overlaps the outside of the other side, as shown in FIG. .
- the one side 10b extends in a tangential direction at a predetermined position of the cylindrical portion 10a formed in the other portion (in the present embodiment, the position R overlapping with one end portion 11a of the back foil 11). Is formed.
- the engaging groove 13 in the bearing housing 12 is also formed so that its depth direction A coincides with the tangential direction at the predetermined position (the position R) of the cylindrical portion 10a of the top foil 10.
- the phrase “matches the tangential direction” in the present embodiment means that the engagement groove 13 is formed so as to match the tangential direction at the position R by design.
- the engagement groove 13 may include a manufacturing error or a clearance that allows for the manufacturing error. Thereby, even if the tangential direction at the position R and the depth direction A of the engaging groove 13 are slightly deviated, it is within the range of the present embodiment.
- the top foil 10 is disposed so that the extending direction of one side 10b thereof coincides with the depth direction A of the engaging groove 13 as described above.
- the tip of one side 10 b is engaged with the engagement groove 13. Accordingly, the top foil 10 is not deformed when the one side 10b is engaged. For this reason, the top foil 10 is not distorted.
- one side 10b of the top foil 10 engaged with the engagement groove 13 is fixed in the engagement groove 13 by a fixing means.
- a male screw 15 is screwed into the hole 14 and inserted as a fixing means.
- the one side 10b is fixed by being brought into close contact with the inner wall surface of the engagement groove 13. Note that the deformation of the one side 10b due to being brought into close contact with the inner wall surface of the engagement groove 13 is slight. For this reason, there is almost no distortion in the top foil 10 due to the deformation of the one side 10b.
- a thin portion 18 is formed on one side 10b and on the other side opposite thereto, which is thinner than the central portion therebetween. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C, these thin portions 18 are formed to be thin so that the outer peripheral surface (the surface on the bump foil 11 side) is recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the central portion. .
- the thin portion 18 is formed by processing (for example, etching processing) in which both end portions of the top foil 10 are controlled in units of 10 ⁇ m to have a desired thickness (thinness). Specifically, when the bearing diameter is 35 mm and the thickness of the top foil 10 is 100 ⁇ m, the thin portion 18 is formed to have a thickness of about 80 ⁇ m. In the etching process, the stress generated in the top foil 10 is extremely small compared to the bending process. Therefore, the top foil 10 is hardly distorted. 2A, 2C, and 2E, the circumferential length L of the thin portion 18 is the engagement groove 13 and the end portion of the bump foil 11 that is located on both sides of the engagement groove 13. The length corresponds to up to one mountain.
- the thin portions 18 at both ends of the top foil 10 are easily elastically deformed. Therefore, these both end portions become curved surfaces following the curved surface constituting the inner peripheral surface of the bearing housing 12. Thereby, the top foil 10 hardly generates a force (local preload) for tightening the rotating shaft 1 at both ends thereof.
- the outer peripheral surface of both end portions of the top foil 10 is thinned so as to be recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the central portion to form the thin portion 18.
- a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the thin wall portion 18 and the back foil 11 that supports the outer peripheral surface side of the top foil 10 with one peak at the end.
- the circumferential length L of the thin-walled portion 18 is a length corresponding to up to about three peaks of the engagement groove 13 and the end of the bump foil 11 instead of the example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C. It's okay.
- both end portions of the top foil 10 are thin portions 18. For this reason, in these thin parts 18, the force (local preload) which clamps the rotating shaft 1 hardly arises.
- the rotary shaft 1 When the rotary shaft 1 is started in the direction of the arrow P in FIG. 2A, the rotary shaft 1 starts to rotate at a low speed and then gradually accelerates and rotates at a high speed. Subsequently, as indicated by an arrow Q in FIG. 2A, the surrounding fluid flows from between the other end of the top foil 10 (the end on the side opposite to the one side 10 b [the free end side]) and one end of the bump foil 11. It is drawn in and ambient fluid flows between the top foil 10 and the rotating shaft 1. Thereby, a fluid lubricating film is formed between the top foil 10 and the rotating shaft 1.
- one side 10b of the top foil 10 is formed extending in the tangential direction of the cylindrical portion 10a.
- One side 10 b is engaged with the engagement groove 13 of the bearing housing 12.
- the top foil 10 can be accommodated and fixed in the bearing housing 12 without performing spot welding or bending on the top foil.
- the depth direction A of the engagement groove 13 is made to coincide with one tangential direction of the cylindrical portion 10 a formed by the top foil 10.
- the top foil 10 is not deformed in this engaged state. Accordingly, the top foil 10 is not distorted. It is possible to prevent the top foil 10 from being distorted and to sufficiently reduce the distortion of the top foil 10. As a result, good performance as designed can be exhibited in terms of load capacity and dynamic characteristics (rigidity and damping) of the bearing.
- the top foil 10 can eliminate the conventional spot welding and the bending process which generate
- Thin wall portions 18 are formed at both ends of the top foil 10. For this reason, the top foil 10 does not generate a force (local preload) for tightening the rotating shaft 1 at both ends as described above. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the starting torque from being increased due to preloading, and the heat generated during operation to be higher than the set value.
- thin portions 18 are formed at both ends of the top foil 10. For this reason, for example, a heat treatment step for adapting both end portions of the top foil to the inner curved surface (inner peripheral surface) of the bearing housing as in the prior art becomes unnecessary. Further, thin portions 18 are formed at both ends of the top foil 10.
- the end portion side (corresponding to a conventional free end side) of the top foil 10 on the side into which the surrounding fluid flows is soft. Therefore, as described above, the surrounding fluid easily flows between the top foil 10 and the rotating shaft 1. As a result, the fluid lubricating film is formed at a lower rotational speed, and the starting performance of the rotary shaft 1 is improved.
- FIGS. 3A and 3C are views showing a second embodiment of the radial foil bearing applied to the turbomachine shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3A shows a radial foil bearing 20.
- the radial foil bearing 20 is different from the radial foil bearing 3 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C in the fixing method of the one side of the top foil 21 to the engaging groove 13.
- a through hole 22 through which the distal end side of the male screw 15 passes is formed on one side 21b.
- Two through holes 22 are formed corresponding to the positions of the holes 14 shown in FIG. 2B.
- the through holes 22 are formed so that the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the male screw 15. Therefore, the male screw 15 contacts the inner wall surface of the engagement groove 13 without pressing the one side 21b of the top foil 21. Thereby, the one side 21 b of the top foil 21 is not deformed by being pressed by the male screw 15.
- One side 21b remains in a state of extending in the tangential direction of the cylindrical portion 21a, and its tip end portion is securely held and fixed in the engagement groove 13.
- the same operational effects as the radial foil bearing 3 shown in FIGS. 2A to 2E can be obtained. Furthermore, one side 21 b of the top foil 21 can be securely fixed in the engagement groove 13. Further, slight distortion due to deformation can be prevented.
- FIG. 4A to 4C are views showing a third embodiment of the radial foil bearing applied to the turbo machine shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4A shows a radial foil bearing 30.
- the radial foil bearing 30 shown in FIG. 4A is different from the radial foil bearing 3 and the radial foil bearing 20 shown in FIGS. 2A to 3C in that an intermediate foil 33 is provided between the top foil 10 (21) and the back foil 11. It is a point equipped with.
- the intermediate foil 33 is disposed between the top foil 10 (21) and the back foil (bump foil) 11. Further, the intermediate foil 33 is wound in a cylindrical shape along the inner surface of the back foil (bump foil) 11 like the top foil 10 (21). The intermediate foil 33 is held between the top foil 10 (21) and the back foil 11. For this reason, even when an axial displacement occurs between the intermediate foil 33 and the bearing housing 3 (20), the intermediate foil 33 can be prevented from jumping out of the bearing housing 3 (20).
- the developed shape of the intermediate foil 33 is the same as the developed shape of the top foil 10 (21). However, the thickness of the intermediate foil 33 is formed thinner than the top foil 10 (21).
- the thin portions 18 are formed at both ends of the top foil 10 (21), but the thin portions 18 may also be formed in the intermediate foil 33.
- the thin portion 18 may be formed only on the intermediate foil 33 without being formed on the top foil 10 (21). Since the thickness of the intermediate foil 33 is very thin, for example, about 30 ⁇ m, the thin portion is rarely formed. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thin part 18 is formed only in the top foil 10 (21).
- the radial foil bearing 30 of the present embodiment it is possible to obtain the same effects as the radial foil bearing 3 (20) shown in FIGS. 2A to 3C. Further, since the radial foil bearing 30 includes the intermediate foil 33 between the top foil 10 (21) and the back foil 11, when the shaft 1 vibrates during rotation, the film pressure fluctuation associated therewith is increased. Is transmitted from the top foil 10 (21) to the back foil 11 through the intermediate foil 33. At this time, the top foil 10 (21) is caused to be slightly bent (varied according to the load) due to the load variation. This causes “slip” between the top foil 10 (21) and the intermediate foil 33 and between the intermediate foil 33 and the back foil 11.
- This "slip” causes energy dissipation due to friction and attenuates membrane pressure fluctuations. That is, it is possible to obtain a damping effect with respect to the above-described film pressure fluctuation. Therefore, the axial vibration can be suppressed by the damping effect, and the axial vibration can be easily settled. Further, the rigidity of the top foil 10 (21) can be reinforced by the intermediate foil 33. As a result, the dynamic characteristics (rigidity and damping) of the radial foil bearing 3 (20) can be sufficiently enhanced.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- the male screw 15 is used as the fixing means, but instead of this, a wedge-shaped pin or the like is used, and by inserting the pin into the hole 14, one side of the top foil 21 is formed in the engaging groove 13. It may be fixed.
- the thin portion 18 may be formed thin, for example, by etching both front and back surfaces.
- the entire one side 10b (21b) of the top foil 10 (21) is extended from the cylindrical portion 10a (21a), and its tip is engaged with the engaging groove 13.
- An extension piece extending from the side edge may be provided on the side 10b (21b), and only this extension piece may be engaged with the engagement groove 13. Further, only this extending piece may be formed so as to extend from the cylindrical portion 10a (21a), and this extending piece may be one side of the present invention.
- one intermediate foil 33 is used, but the intermediate foil may be multilayered by stacking a plurality of intermediate foils.
- the damping effect obtained by friction caused by sliding between the top foil and the intermediate foil or between the intermediate foil and the back foil can be added.
- the shaft vibration of the rotating shaft can be suppressed and the shaft vibration can be more easily settled.
- the intermediate foil is fixed to the bearing housing using spot welding. For this reason, it is necessary to adjust the thickness of the intermediate foil to such an extent that it does not melt by spot welding, and the thickness of the intermediate foil is approximately the same as the thickness of the top foil. If a plurality of intermediate foils with the above thickness are stacked to form a multilayer, the bearing surface rigidity (stiffness of the top foil and intermediate foil) will be very high, which may cause fluctuations in the film pressure of the fluid lubricating film caused by axial vibration. On the other hand, the bearing surface cannot follow. As a result, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient attenuation effect due to the “slip” between the foils described above.
- the intermediate foil 33 is held between the top foil 10 (21) and the back foil 11 without using spot welding. For this reason, the intermediate foil can be formed thinner than the top foil. Therefore, a plurality of intermediate foils can be overlapped while adjusting the rigidity of the bearing surface to an appropriate height (strength).
- the radial foil bearing of the present invention it is possible to obtain a radial foil bearing having a good performance as designed with respect to the load capacity and dynamic characteristics (rigidity and damping) of the bearing by preventing the distortion of the top foil.
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Abstract
Description
また、溶接に代えて機械的に固定を行うために、トップフォイルの一端側の一部または全部を曲げ加工によって起こし、この一端側を、外輪(軸受ハウジング)に形成した係合溝に係合させた構造も知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
回転軸の回転によって前記回転軸とトップフォイルとの間に形成されるフォイル軸受の流体潤滑膜の厚みは、10μm前後と非常に薄い。このため、トップフォイルに少しでも歪みが生じると、軸受の負荷能力や動特性(剛性と減衰)に影響が及び、設計通りの性能が得られなくなる。
また、前記部位における回転軸の支持剛性を下げ過ぎないようにする方法として、前記部位のバンプフォイルの一つの山の高さを低くするという方法が考えられる。しかしながら、低くする量が数十μmの小さい単位であるため、その製作は極めて困難である。
前記回転軸に対向して配置される円筒状のトップフォイルと、前記トップフォイルの径方向外側に配置されるバックフォイルと、前記トップフォイル及び前記バックフォイルをその内部に収容する円筒状の軸受ハウジングと、を備え、
前記トップフォイルは、矩形状の金属箔が円筒状に巻かれ、前記金属箔の一方の側が、前記金属箔によって形成される円筒の一つの接線方向に延び出るように形成され、
前記軸受ハウジングの内周面には、その軸方向に沿って係合溝が形成され、前記係合溝は、その深さ方向が、前記トップフォイルの前記円筒の接線方向に一致して形成され、
前記トップフォイルの、前記円筒の接線方向に延び出た一方の側が、前記係合溝に係合している。
また、係合溝の深さ方向を、トップフォイルが形成する円筒の一つの接線方向に一致させている。このため、前記トップフォイルの一方の側を前記係合溝の深さ方向に合わせて係合させると、この係合した状態ではトップフォイルは変形しない。したがって、トップフォイルに歪みが生じることがない。その結果、トップフォイルに歪みが生じるのを防止し、トップフォイルの歪みを充分に少なくすることができる。
この場合、トップフォイルの両端部が弾性変形し易くなり、前記両端部において回転軸を締め付ける力(局所的なプリロード)が生じることを抑制できる。
この場合、この薄肉部では、その外周面側を支持するバックフォイルとの間に隙間が形成され、前記薄肉部において回転軸を締め付ける力(局所的なプリロード)が生じることが確実に防止できる。
この場合、トップフォイルの一方の側が係合溝内に固定されることにより、回転軸の回転中にトップフォイルが回転したり、ラジアルフォイル軸受から脱落することを確実に防止できる。
この場合、トップフォイルと中間フォイルとの間及び中間フォイルとバックフォイルとの間が互いに滑ることで生じる摩擦によって得られる減衰効果に、複数枚の中間フォイル間の滑りによる摩擦によって得られる減衰効果を加えることができる。その結果、回転軸の軸振動をより収まり易くすることができる。
図1は、本発明のラジアルフォイル軸受が適用されるターボ機械の一例を示す側面図である。図1は、回転軸1、回転軸1の先端部に設けられたインペラ2、及びラジアルフォイル軸受3を示している。
なお、図1では、ラジアルフォイル軸受3が一つしか記載されていないが、通常は回転軸1の軸方向にラジアルフォイル軸受が二つ設けられて、回転軸1の支持構造が構成される。したがって、本実施形態においてもラジアルフォイル軸受3が二つ設けられている。
また、インペラ2は、静止側となるハウジング6内に配置されており、ハウジング6との間にチップクリアランス7を有している。
また、回転軸1には、スラストカラー4より中央側において、ラジアルフォイル軸受3が外挿されている。
なお、バンプフォイル11は、従来と同様に、スポット溶接等を用いて軸受ハウジング12に固定されている。
また、図2A、図2C、及び図2Eに示すように、薄肉部18の周方向の長さLは、係合溝13と、係合溝13の両側に位置する、バンプフォイル11の端部の山一つ分までに対応する長さである。
回転軸1が停止した状態では、トップフォイル10はバックフォイル11によって回転軸1側に付勢されることで回転軸1に密着している。
なお、本実施形態では、トップフォイル10の両端部が薄肉部18である。このため、これら薄肉部18では回転軸1を締め付ける力(局所的なプリロード)がほとんど生じない。
また、軸受ハウジング12に対するトップフォイル10の溶接が無いため、溶接不良などによる組立て不良や組立てのバラツキが無くなる。したがって、製造工程における良品の再現性が高くなり、優れた量産性を得ることができる。
また、トップフォイル10の両端部に薄肉部18を形成している。このため、例えば従来のようにトップフォイルの両端部を軸受ハウジングの内曲面(内周面)になじませるための熱処理工程が不要になる。
さらに、トップフォイル10の両端部に薄肉部18を形成している。このため、周囲流体が流入する側のトップフォイル10の端部側(従来型の自由端側に相当)が柔らかくなっている。したがって、前記したように周囲流体がトップフォイル10と回転軸1との間に流入し易くなる。その結果、より低い回転数で流体潤滑膜が形成されるようになり、回転軸1の始動性が向上する。
次に、本発明のラジアルフォイル軸受の第2実施形態を説明する。図3Aから図3Cは、図1に示したターボ機械に適用されたラジアルフォイル軸受の第2実施形態を示す図である。図3Aはラジアルフォイル軸受20を示している。ラジアルフォイル軸受20が図2A及び図2Cに示したラジアルフォイル軸受3と異なる点は、トップフォイル21の一方の側の、係合溝13への固定方法にある。
本発明のラジアルフォイル軸受の第3実施形態を説明する。図4Aから図4Cは、図1に示したターボ機械に適用されるラジアルフォイル軸受の第3実施形態を示す図である。図4Aはラジアルフォイル軸受30を示している。図4Aに示したラジアルフォイル軸受30が、図2Aから図3Cに示したラジアルフォイル軸受3及びラジアルフォイル軸受20と異なる点は、トップフォイル10(21)とバックフォイル11との間に中間フォイル33を備えている点である。
中間フォイル33は、トップフォイル10(21)とバックフォイル11との間に保持されている。このため、中間フォイル33と軸受ハウジング3(20)との間で軸方向のずれが生じた際も、中間フォイル33が軸受ハウジング3(20)の外に飛び出すことを防止できる。
図4B及び図4Cに示すように、本実施形態においては、中間フォイル33の展開形状は、トップフォイル10(21)の展開形状と同じである。しかしながら、中間フォイル33の厚さは、トップフォイル10(21)よりも薄く形成されている。
例えば、前記実施形態では固定手段として雄ネジ15を用いたが、これに代えて楔状のピンなどを用い、これを孔14に差し込むことにより、トップフォイル21の一方の側を係合溝13に固定するようにしてもよい。
薄肉部18については、例えばその表裏両面をエッチング加工し、薄厚に形成してもよい。
Claims (6)
- 回転軸に外挿されて前記回転軸を支持するラジアルフォイル軸受であって、
前記回転軸に対向して配置される円筒状のトップフォイルと、前記トップフォイルの径方向外側に配置されるバックフォイルと、前記トップフォイル及び前記バックフォイルをその内部に収容する円筒状の軸受ハウジングと、を備え、
前記トップフォイルは、矩形状の金属箔が円筒状に巻かれるとともに、前記金属箔の一方の側が、前記金属箔によって形成される円筒の接線方向に延び出て形成され、
前記軸受ハウジングの内周面には、その軸方向に沿って係合溝が形成され、
前記係合溝は、その深さ方向が、前記トップフォイルの前記円筒の一つの接線方向に一致して形成され、
前記トップフォイルの、前記円筒の接線方向に延び出た一方の側が、前記係合溝に係合しているラジアルフォイル軸受。 - 前記トップフォイルには、前記一方の側と、前記一方の側と反対の他方の側とに、これらの間の中央部に比べて薄厚な薄肉部が形成されている請求項1に記載のラジアルフォイル軸受。
- 前記薄肉部は、その外周面が前記中央部の外周面より凹んだ状態に形成されている請求項2に記載のラジアルフォイル軸受。
- 前記係合溝に係合しているトップフォイルの前記一方の側が、固定手段によって前記係合溝内に固定されている請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のラジアルフォイル軸受。
- 前記トップフォイルの径方向外側と前記バックフォイルの径方向内側との間に中間フォイルが配置され、前記軸受ハウジングが前記トップフォイル、前記中間フォイル、及び前記バックフォイルをその内部に収容している請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のラジアルフォイル軸受。
- 前記中間フォイルが複数枚重ねられている請求項5に記載のラジアルフォイル軸受。
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CN201280037831.5A CN103703261B (zh) | 2011-08-01 | 2012-07-25 | 径向箔轴承 |
JP2013526846A JP5626474B2 (ja) | 2011-08-01 | 2012-07-25 | ラジアルフォイル軸受 |
EP12819969.2A EP2740949B1 (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2012-07-25 | Radial foil bearing |
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Cited By (6)
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US8944688B2 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2015-02-03 | Ihi Corporation | Radial foil bearing |
US9206840B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2015-12-08 | Ihi Corporation | Radial foil bearing |
JP2018009625A (ja) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | 株式会社Ihi | 回転機械およびラジアルフォイル軸受 |
CN112673187A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2021-04-16 | 利勃海尔-航空航天图卢兹有限公司 | 形成箔片空气轴承的装置和制造这种装置的方法 |
JP7244780B1 (ja) | 2021-09-30 | 2023-03-23 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ラジアルフォイル軸受、圧縮機、および冷凍装置 |
WO2024009955A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-04 | 2024-01-11 | 株式会社Ihi | ラジアルフォイル軸受 |
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WO2015175962A1 (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-19 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Air foil bearings having multiple pads |
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US8944686B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
EP2740949A4 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
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EP2740949B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
US20140147063A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
KR20140031994A (ko) | 2014-03-13 |
KR101531926B1 (ko) | 2015-06-26 |
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