WO2013016948A1 - 液晶组合物和含有该液晶组合物的液晶显示器件 - Google Patents

液晶组合物和含有该液晶组合物的液晶显示器件 Download PDF

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WO2013016948A1
WO2013016948A1 PCT/CN2012/001024 CN2012001024W WO2013016948A1 WO 2013016948 A1 WO2013016948 A1 WO 2013016948A1 CN 2012001024 W CN2012001024 W CN 2012001024W WO 2013016948 A1 WO2013016948 A1 WO 2013016948A1
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formula
weight
compound
liquid crystal
crystal composition
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PCT/CN2012/001024
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴凤
韩文明
张宏伟
谭玉东
靳灿辉
朱霞
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江苏和成显示科技股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020147005469A priority Critical patent/KR20140043838A/ko
Priority to EP12819598.9A priority patent/EP2759586B1/en
Priority to US14/235,628 priority patent/US9193909B2/en
Priority to JP2014523170A priority patent/JP5848447B2/ja
Publication of WO2013016948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013016948A1/zh

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    • C09K2019/0466Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the linking chain being a -CF2O- chain
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    • C09K19/06Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/12Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
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    • C09K19/08Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/12Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
    • C09K2019/121Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
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    • C09K19/3001Cyclohexane rings
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    • C09K19/30Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3001Cyclohexane rings
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    • C09K19/30Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3001Cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3003Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
    • C09K2019/3025Cy-Ph-Ph-Ph

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition suitable for AM (active matrix active matrix) elements and the like, and an AM element containing such a composition.
  • AM active matrix active matrix
  • it relates to a composition having a nematic phase and a composition having a positive dielectric anisotropy. Background technique
  • liquid crystal display elements For liquid crystal display elements, according to the display mode of liquid crystal, it is divided into PC (phase change), TN (twist nematic), STN (super twisted nematic), ECB (electrically controlled birefringence). , electronically controlled birefringence), OCB (optically compensated bend), IPS (in-plane switching), VA (vertical alignment).
  • PM passive matrix
  • AM active matrix
  • PM is divided into static (static) and multiplex (multiplex) types.
  • the AM is classified into a TFT (thin film transistor), a MIM (metal insulator metal), and the like.
  • the types of TFTs are amorphous silicon and polycrystalline silicon.
  • the latter is classified into a high temperature type and a low temperature type according to a manufacturing process.
  • the liquid crystal display element is classified into a reflection type using natural light, a transmission type using back light, and a semi-transmissive type using both natural light and backlight depending on the type of the light source.
  • Liquid crystal materials must have good chemical and thermal stability and good stability to electric fields and electromagnetic radiation.
  • liquid crystal materials should have low viscosity and short response time, low threshold voltage and high contrast.
  • the performance index of the liquid crystal composition is improved. We compare the performance of a liquid crystal composition to the corresponding performance of an AM component and are summarized in Table 1 below. The performance index of the composition is further illustrated based on commercially available AM components.
  • the temperature range of the nematic phase is related to the operating temperature range of the component.
  • the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase is preferably 70 ° C or more, and the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase is preferably -10 ° C or less.
  • the viscosity of the composition is related to the response time of the component. In order to display an animation in a component, it is preferable that the response time of the component is short. Therefore, it is preferred that the viscosity of the composition is small, and it is more preferable that the viscosity of the composition is small when the temperature is low. Table 1. General characteristics of compositions and AM components
  • the optical anisotropy of the composition is related to the contrast of the element.
  • the product of the optical anisotropy ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal composition and the thickness (d) of the liquid crystal layer (An*d) can be set. Designed for fixed values.
  • the appropriate product value depends on the type of operating mode. A suitable value for a component such as the TN mode is approximately 0.45 ⁇ m.
  • a composition having a large optical anisotropy is preferred.
  • the large dielectric anisotropy of the composition helps to provide the component with a low threshold voltage, low power consumption and large contrast. Therefore, a large dielectric anisotropy is preferred.
  • the high resistivity of the composition contributes to the element having a large voltage holding ratio and a large contrast ratio. Therefore, it is preferred that the composition has a large electrical resistivity at room temperature and at a high temperature in the initial stage.
  • a composition having a large electrical resistivity not only at room temperature but also at a high temperature after long-term use is preferred.
  • the stability of the composition to ultraviolet light and heat is related to the life of the liquid crystal display element. When the above stability is high, the life of the element is long. Such characteristics are preferable for an AM device used in a liquid crystal projector, a liquid crystal television or the like.
  • the preferred AM device has a wide temperature range, a short response time, a large contrast ratio, a low threshold voltage, a large voltage holding ratio, and a long life.
  • the characteristics of the composition are preferably such that the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase is high, the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase is low, the viscosity is small, the optical anisotropy is large, the dielectric anisotropy is large, the electrical resistivity is large, and the ultraviolet ray is high. High stability, high stability to heat, etc. A single liquid crystal compound is generally difficult to exert its characteristics, and it is usually mixed with other various liquid crystal compounds to prepare a composition. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a liquid crystal composition having the above advantages.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition comprising a high temperature limit of a nematic phase, a low temperature of a nematic phase, a low viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, and a resistance. At least one of characteristics such as high rate, high stability to ultraviolet light, and high stability to heat.
  • a further object of the invention is a liquid crystal composition having an appropriate balance in at least two properties.
  • Other objects of the invention are liquid crystal display elements comprising such compositions.
  • Another object of the present invention is an AM device which has a composition having large optical anisotropy, large dielectric anisotropy, high stability against ultraviolet rays, and the like, and the AM device has a short response time and a voltage holding ratio. Large, high contrast, long life and other characteristics. Summary of the invention
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition,
  • (V) is an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • R 2 and independently are a fluorenyl or a decyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom having 2 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a fluorine atom.
  • ⁇ X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, wherein 1 and 2 are not hydrogen or fluorine at the same time;
  • n is equal to 0 or 1;
  • A, A 2 , and A 3 are trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene;
  • A4, A 5 and A 6 are each independently represented as one of the following groups:
  • R 5 and R 6 are independently a fluorenyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms;
  • R 7 and R 8 are independently a fluorenyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, and only one of X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 is fluorine, and the rest are all hydrogen.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (I) as a first component, and a liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.
  • At least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (II) as a second component, and at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (III) as a third component, and the above liquid crystal composition Has a nematic phase.
  • R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently an alkyl group or a decyloxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkene having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in which any hydrogen is substituted by fluorine.
  • R 2 and independently are an alkyl or a decyloxy group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms or a carbon number in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine Alkenyl 2-7;
  • ⁇ > x 2 , x 3 and x 4 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, wherein ⁇ ⁇ 2 is not hydrogen or fluorine at the same time;
  • n is equal to 0 or 1, wherein m is preferably 0;
  • A, A 2 , and A 3 in the formulae (I) and (II) are independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene;
  • the class I monomer of the formula (I) has extremely high optical anisotropy, and it is possible to increase the refractive index of the liquid crystal composition, since the terminal olefin chain contains 2 fluorines, thereby having Greater dielectric anisotropy, while improving the stability of UV and the stability of heat.
  • the class II compound of the formula (II) has a low viscosity and a melting point, greatly improves the response time of the product, and provides good mutual solubility of the mixed liquid crystal.
  • the m-type compound of the formula (in) has an extremely strong polarity, and it is possible to lower the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention comprises one or more class I compounds conforming to formula (I), one or more class II compounds conforming to formula (II), one or more conforming formulas Class III compounds of (III).
  • the present invention may further comprise one or more compounds of the formula (IV) as the fourth component of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention.
  • R 5 and R 6 are independently an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably have 2 to 7 alkyl groups or alkenyl groups.
  • the class IV compound of the formula (IV) has a lower viscosity and can increase the upper limit operating temperature of the liquid crystal composition to some extent.
  • the present invention may also include one or more compounds of the formula (V) as the fifth component.
  • R 7 and R 8 are independently an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably a mercapto group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
  • X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, and only one of X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 is fluorine, and the rest are all hydrogen.
  • the class V compound of the formula (V) has an extremely high clearing point and can greatly increase the upper limit operating temperature of the liquid crystal composition.
  • the distribution ratio of each group of the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is calculated by weight percentage: 8%-50% of the compound of the formula (I), and 10%-70 of the compound of the formula (II) %, the compound of the formula (III) is 5-50%, the compound of the formula (IV) is 0-20%, and the compound of the formula (V) is 0-15%.
  • the liquid crystal composition comprises: 10%-40% of the compound of the formula (I), 15%-65% of the compound of the formula (III), and 6-40% of the compound of the formula (III)
  • the compound of the formula (IV) is 0-15%, and the compound of the formula (V) is 0-10%.
  • Figure 1A is a synthetic route of a compound of formula (1-2);
  • Figure 1B is a mass spectrum of a compound of the formula (1-2) obtained by synthesis
  • Figure 2 is a mass spectrum of a compound of formula (1-3).
  • the group structure of the liquid crystal compound is represented by the codes listed in Table 2:
  • the structural formula is expressed by the code listed in Table 1, and can be expressed as: nCCGF, where n in the code represents the number of C atoms of the left-end alkyl group, for example, n is "3", that is, the alkyl group is -C 3 H 7 ;
  • the C in the code represents the cyclohexyl group.
  • the abbreviated codes of the test items in the following embodiments are respectively expressed as:
  • Viscosity flow viscosity (mm 2 , s — ', 20 °C, unless otherwise stated)
  • VHR-2 voltage retention rate 25 ° C, UV irradiation
  • VHR-3 voltage retention rate 25 ° C, high temperature baking
  • the flow viscosity Vise is tested using a cone and plate viscometer; the refractive index anisotropy is measured by a Abbe refractometer under a sodium light (589 nm) light source, 20 ;; the dielectric test box is TN90 type, the box thickness is 7 ⁇ ; VHR Measured at 25 ° C using a ⁇ 06254 device.
  • the components used in the following examples were synthesized by the inventors of the present application in accordance with a known method. These synthetic techniques are conventional, and each of the obtained liquid crystal compounds has been tested to meet the standards of electronic compounds.
  • the synthetic routes listed below are only one way to illustrate the compounds II-V, and other known synthetic methods can also be used to obtain these compounds.
  • a simple synthetic route for a compound represented by Formula II is as follows:
  • a simple synthetic route for a compound represented by Formula IV is as follows: A liquid crystal composition was prepared in accordance with the ratio of each composition specified in the following Comparative Examples and Examples. The liquid crystal composition is prepared according to a conventional method in the art, and is obtained by mixing in a predetermined ratio by heating, ultrasonication, suspension, or the like.
  • Preparation Example 1 Preparation of Compound of Chemical Formula (1-2) The synthetic route of the compound of Chemical Formula (1-2) is shown in Fig. 1A, wherein the compound represented by A is a compound of the formula (1-2) of the present invention. .
  • the preparation process is as follows -
  • Example 1 Each compound and parts by weight listed in Table 4 were formulated into a liquid crystal composition of the present invention, which was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display for performance test, and the test data is also shown in Table 4. Table 4. Components and parts by weight of Example 1 Example 1
  • Example 2 Each of the compounds and parts by weight listed in Table 5 was formulated into a liquid crystal composition of the present invention, which was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display for performance test, and the test data is also shown in Table 5. Table 5. Components and parts by weight of Example 2
  • Example 3 Each of the compounds and parts by weight listed in Table 6 were formulated into a liquid crystal composition of the present invention, which was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display for performance test. The test data are also shown in Table 6. Table 6. Components and parts by weight of Example 3
  • Table 7 is the voltage holding ratio (VHR) data of the two liquid crystal compounds.
  • VHR data for two liquid crystal compounds From the above data, we found that the two compounds are more reliable after the UV and high temperature damage on the basis of the initial VHR.
  • An advantage of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition having a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, and a large electrical resistivity. At least one of characteristics such as high stability to ultraviolet rays and high stability to heat.
  • a liquid crystal display element containing the liquid crystal composition is provided.

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Abstract

本发明提供适合于主动矩阵(AM)元件的具有向列相、介电各项异性为正的液晶组合物和包含该液晶组合物的AM液晶显示器件。按液晶组合物的总重量计,液晶组合物包括8-50%的通式(I)的化合物,10-70%(重量)的通式(II)的化合物以及5-50%(重量)的通式(III)的化合物。

Description

技术领域
本发明是涉及适合于 AM (active matrix主动矩阵)元件等的液晶组合物, 以及含有 这种组合物的 AM元件。 特别是关于具有向列相的组合物, 以及介电各向异性为正的组 合物。 背景技术
对于液晶显示元件来讲, 根据液晶的显示模式分为 PC (phase change, 相变) 、 TN (twist nematic, 扭曲向列)、 STN ( super twisted nematic , 超扭曲向列)、 ECB (electrically controlled birefringence, 电控双折射) 、 OCB (optically compensated bend, 光学补偿弯 曲)、 IPS (in-plane switching, 共面转变)、 VA (vertical alignment, 垂直配向)等类型。 根据元件的驱动方式分为 PM (passive matrix, 被动矩阵) 型和 AM (active matrix, 主动 矩阵) 型。 PM分为静态 (static) 和多路 (multiplex) 等类型。 AM分为 TFT (thin film transistor, 薄膜晶体管) 、 MIM (metal insulator metal, 金属-绝缘层-金属)等类型。 TFT 的类型有非晶硅 (amorphous silicon) 和多晶硅 (polycrystal silicon) 。 后者根据制造工艺 分为高温型和低温型。 液晶显示元件根据光源的类型分为利用自然光的反射型、 利用背 光的透过型、 以及利用自然光和背光两种光源的半透过型。 液晶材料必须具有良好的化学和热稳定性和对电场和电磁辐射的良好稳定性。 此 外, 液晶材料应当具有低粘度和短响应时间, 低阈值电压和高对比度。 为了获得具有良 好特性的 AM元件, 而提高液晶组合物的各向性能指标。 我们将液晶组合物的一种性能 对应 AM元件相应的一种性能的关联, 总结于下述表 1中。 根据市售的 AM元件来进一步 说明组合物的各向性能指标。 向列相的温度范围与元件的工作温度范围相关联。 向列相 的上限温度较好的是大于等于 70°C, 并且向列相的下限温度较好的是小于等于 -10'C。 组 合物的粘度与元件的响应时间相关联。 为了在元件中显示动画, 较好的是元件的响应时 间短。 因此, 较好的是组合物的粘度小, 而更好的是温度低时组合物的粘度小。 表 1. 组合物与 AM元件的一般特性
Figure imgf000002_0001
组合物的光学各向异性与元件的对比度相关联。 为了使液晶显示元件的对比度比最 大化, 可将液晶组合物的光学异向性(Δη) 与液晶层的厚度 (d) 的乘积值(An*d) 设定 为固定值的方式进行设计。 适当的积值依赖于运作模式的种类。 如 TN模式的元件的适当 值约为 0.45μπι。 该情形时, 对于液晶层厚度较小的元件而言, 较好的是光学各向异性大 的组合物。 组合物的大的介电各向异性有助于使元件具有低的临界电压, 小的消耗功率 及大的对比度。 因此, 较好的是大的介电各向异性。 组合物的电阻率大有助于使元件具 有大的电压保持率及大的对比度。 因此, 较好的是在初始阶段不仅是在室温下、 并且在 高温下亦具有较大电阻率的组合物。 较好的是长时间使用后不仅在室温下、 而且在高温 下亦具有较大电阻率的组合物。 组合物对紫外线及热的稳定性与液晶显示元件的寿命有 关。 上述稳定性高时, 该元件的寿命长。 此种特性对于液晶投影仪, 液晶电视等中所使 用的 AM元件而言是较好的。 较理想的 AM元件是具有可使用的温度范围广、 响应时间短、 对比度大、 临界电压 低、 电压保持率大、 寿命长等特性, 较理想的是响应时间甚至短于 1毫秒。 因此, 组合 物的特性较理想的是向列相的上限温度高、 向列相的下限温度低、 粘度小、 光学各向异 性大、 介电常数各向异性大、 电阻率大、 对紫外线的稳定性高、 对热的稳定性高等。 单一的液晶化合物通常难以发挥其特性, 通常将其与其他多种液晶化合物混合配制 成组合物。 所以我们急需一种具有上述优点的液晶组合物, 在中国公开号 CN 1823151 A 中提及的化合物配制到液晶组合物中, 能够得到较优的特性, 其结构如下:
Figure imgf000003_0001
但是在该专利申请中所提及的化合物介电各向异性仍不够大。 在欧洲公开号 EP2292720A1中的发明结构如下:
Figure imgf000003_0002
但在此文献中所提及的化合物尚不能单独达到本发明的要求。 本发明的目的之一是提供一种液晶组合物, 其具备具向列相的上限温度高、 向列相 的下限温度低、 粘度小、 光学各向异性大、 介电各向异性大、 电阻率大、 对紫外线的稳 定性高、 对热的稳定性高等特性中的至少一种特性。 本发明的其他目的是一种至少两种 特性而言具有适当平衡的液晶组合物。 本发明的其他目的是含有此种组合物的液晶显示 元件。 本发明的其他目的是一种 AM元件, 其是具有光学各向异性大、 介电各向异性 大、 对紫外线的稳定性高等特性的组合物, 并且该 AM元件具有响应时间短、 电压保持 率大、 对比度大、 寿命长等特性。 发明内容
本发明的一个方面提供一种液晶组合物, 按液晶组合物的总重量计, 包括:
8-50%的通式 (I
Figure imgf000004_0001
10-70% (重量) 的通式 (Π) 的
Figure imgf000004_0002
(II) ;
5-50% (重量) 的通 (III) 的化合物
Figure imgf000004_0003
(III) ;
0-20% (重量) 的通 (IV) 的化合物
Figure imgf000004_0004
(IV) ; 以及
0-15% (重量) 的通式 (V) 的化合物
Figure imgf000004_0005
(V) ; 是碳原子数为 1-10的烷基;
R2、 和 独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的垸基或垸氧基, 碳原子数为 2-10的烯基、 或任意氢原子被氟原子取代的碳原子数为 2-10的烯基;
Χι X2、 X3及 X4独立的是氢或氟, 其中 12不同时为氢或氟;
Z是 -CO-0-, -Ο-CO-, -CF20-, -OCF2-, -CH20-, -OCH2-, -CH2CH2-、 -(CH2)4-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-或单键; 并且
m、 n等于 0或 1 ;
A, 、 A2、 A3为反式 -1,4-亚环己基或 1,4-亚苯基;
A4、 A5及 A6各自独立的表示为以下基团之一:
Figure imgf000005_0001
R5、 R6独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的垸基或碳原子数位 2-10的烯基;
R7、 R8独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的垸基;
X5、 X6、 X7及 X8独立地是氢或氟, 且 X5、 X6、 X7及 X8只能同时其中一个为氟, 其 余全为氢。 本发明的另一个方面是提供一种包括本发明液晶组合物液晶显示器件。 具体地, 本发明是关于一种液晶组合物、 及含有该组合物的液晶显示元件, 上述液 晶组合物含有选自式 (I) 所示的化合物族群中的至少一种化合物作为第一成分, 选自式 (II) 所示的化合物族群中的至少一种化合物作为第二成分、 及选自式 (III) 所示的化合 物族群中的至少一种化合物作为第三成分, 并且上述液晶组合物具有向列相。
Figure imgf000005_0002
在上述通式 (I) 、 (II) 和 (III) 的化合物中:
是碳原子数为 1-10的烷基, 优选的是 2-7个碳原子的垸基;
R2、 R3和 R4独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的烷基或垸氧基, 碳原子数位 2-10的烯基、 或任意氢被氟取代的碳数为 2-10的烯基; 优选地, R2、 和 独立地是碳原子数为碳原 子数是 2-7的烷基或垸氧基, 碳原子数是 2-7的烯基或任意氢被氟取代的碳数为 2-7的烯 基;
Χι > x2、 x3及 x4独立地为氢或氟, 其中 χ^η χ2不同时为氢或氟; Z是 -CO-0-, -Ο-CO-, -CF20-, -OCF2-, -CH20-, -OCH2-, -C CH2-、 -(CH2)4-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-或单键, 优选地, Z是 -CF20-, -C¾CH2-或单 键, 且
m、 n等于 0或 1 , 其中 m优选的是 0;
通式 (I) 和 (II) 中的 A,、 A2、 A3独立地为反式 -1,4-亚环己基或 1,4-亚苯基;
通式 (III) 中
优选地, 通式 (II
Figure imgf000006_0001
在本发明的液晶组合物中, 通式(I)的 I类单体有极高的光学各向异性, 为提升液晶 组合物的折射率提供可能, 由于端烯链含有 2个氟, 从而具有更大的介电各向异性, 同 时提升了对紫外线的稳定性以及对热的稳定性等性能。 在本发明的液晶组合物中, 通式 (II) 的 II类化合物具有低的粘度和熔点, 极大地改 善了产品的响应时间, 并提供混合液晶良好的互溶性。 在本发明的液晶组合物中, 通式 (in) 的 m类化合物具有极强的极性, 为降低液晶 组合物的阈值电压提供可能。 本发明的液晶组合物包括一种或更多种符合通式(I)的 I类化合物、 一种或更多种符 合通式 (II) 的 II类化合物、 一种或更多种符合通式 (III) 的 III类化合物。 本发明还可以包括一种或更多种通式(IV)的化合物作为本发明液晶组合物的第四成 分。
Figure imgf000007_0001
其中, R5、 R6独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的烷基, 碳原子数位 2-10的烯基, 优选碳原子数 是 2-7垸基或烯基。 通式 (IV) 的 IV类化合物具有较低的粘度, 且能在一定程度上提升液晶组合物的上 限工作温度。 本发明还可以包括一种或更多种通式 (V) 的化合物作为第五成分。
Figure imgf000007_0002
其中, R7、 R8独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的烷基, 优选是的碳原子数是 2-7的垸基。 X5、 X6、 X7及 X8独立地是氢或氟, 且 X5、 X6、 X7及 X8只能同时其中一个为氟, 其余全为 氢。 通式(V) 的 V类化合物具有极高的清亮点, 能极大程度地提高液晶组合物的上限工 作温度。 本发明所述的向列液晶组合物的各组分配比按重量百分含量计算分别为: 通式 (I) 的化合物为 8%-50%, 通式 (II) 的化合物为 10%-70%, 通式 (III) 的化合物为 5-50%, 通式 (IV) 的化合物为 0-20%, 通式 (V) 的化合物为 0-15%。 优选地, 所述液晶组合物 包括: 通式 (I) 的化合物为 10%-40%, 通式 (Π) 的化合物为 15%-65%, 通式 (III) 的 化合物为 6-40%, 通式 (IV) 的化合物为 0-15%, 通式 (V) 的化合物为 0-10%。 以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。 需要说明的是, 下面的实施例为本发明的 优化组合, 仅用来说明本发明, 而不用来限制本发明。 在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情 况下, 可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。 附图说明
图 1A是化学式 (1-2) 的化合物的合成途径;
图 1B是通过合成得到的化学式 (1-2 ) 的化合物的质谱图;
图 2是化学式 (1-3 ) 的化合物的质谱图。 为便于表达, 以下各实施例中, 液晶化合物的基团结构用表 2所列的代码表示:
Figure imgf000008_0002
以如下结构式的化
Figure imgf000008_0001
该结构式如用表 1所列代码表示, 则可表达为: nCCGF, 代码中的 n表示左端烷基的 C 原子数, 例如 n为" 3", 即表示该烷基为 -C3H7 ; 代码中的 C代表环己垸基。 以下实施例中各测试项目的简写代号分别表示为:
TN I (°C) 清亮点 (向列-各向同性相转变温度)
Viscosity 流动粘度 (mm2,s— ', 20 °C , 除非另有说明)
Δη 光学各向异性 (589nm, 20 °C )
Δε 介电各向异性 (ΙΚΗζ, 25 °C )
VHR-1 电压保持率 (25°C, 初始)
VHR-2 电压保持率 (25°C, UV照射)
VHR-3 电压保持率 (25°C, 高温烘烤)
其中, 流动粘度 Vise使用锥板粘度计进行测试; 折射率各向异性使用阿贝折光仪在钠光 灯 (589nm) 光源下、 20Ό测试得; 介电测试盒为 TN90型, 盒厚 7μιη; VHR使用 ΤΟΥ06254设备在 25°C测得。 具体实施方案 在以下实施例中所采用的各成分, 均由本申请的发明人按照公知的方法进行合成。 这些合成技术是常规的, 所得到各液晶化合物经测试符合电子类化合物标准。 以下所列的合成路线仅是为了举例说明化合物 II-V的一种方法,其他已知的合成方法 也是可以被用来获得这些化合物。 通式 II表示的一种化合物的简单合成路线如下:
Figure imgf000009_0001
通式 IV表示的一种化合物的简单合成路线如下:
Figure imgf000009_0002
Figure imgf000010_0001
按照以下对照例和实施例规定的各组合物配比, 制备液晶组合物。 所述液晶组合物 的制备是按照本领域的常规方法进行的, 如采取加热、 超声波、 悬浮等方式按照规定比 例混合制得。 制备例 1 化学式 (1-2 ) 的化合物的制备 化学式(1-2) 的化合物的合成途径如图 1A所示, 其中, 以 A表示的化合物即为本发 明的化学式 (1-2) 的化合物。 制备过程如下-
1、 A1的合成
5L三口瓶中加入 70g间氟苯硼酸, 93g 4-乙基溴苯, 1.6L甲苯, 0.8L乙醇, 0.8L水, 212g碳酸钠, 氮气保护下, 加入 3gPd (PPh3) 4 加热回流 6h, 反应完毕后, 正常后处理, 经减压蒸馏提纯得到无色液体 75g, GC>99%, 收率: 75%;
2、 A2的合成
500ml三口瓶中加入 20gAl, 200ml无水四氢呋喃, 10g叔丁醇钾, 氮气保护下, 降 温至 -100°C, 滴加 50ml正丁基锂溶液(2.4mol/L正己垸溶液) , 滴加完毕后, 控温 -100°C 搅拌 2小时, 然后滴加 30g硼酸三异丁酯, 自然升至室温, 后处理, 经石油醚打浆提纯得 到淡黄色固体 18g, 收率: 74%;
3、 A3的合成
50L反应釜中加入 8.5kg氯甲醚膦盐, 30L无水四氢呋喃, 氮气保护下, 降温至 -5°C, 分批加入 3.2kg叔丁醇钾 (每批控温 5°C以下) , 搅拌 30分钟后, 滴加 3.5kg对溴苯甲醛 和 10L无水四氢呋喃的混合物, 滴加过程中控温 1(TC以下, 滴完后自然升温至室温, 继 续搅拌 6小时,正常后处理,经柱层析提纯得到黄色液体 4.1kg, GC: 91% (顺反混合物), 收率: 89%;
4、 A4的合成
2L三口瓶中加入 200gA3, 600ml四氢呋喃, 600ml 10%盐酸水溶液, 加热至弱回流搅 拌 4.5小时, 反应完毕后, 正常后处理, 脱除溶剂得到粗品 167g, 不需提纯, 直接用于下 一步, GC>83%, 收率: 89%;
5、 A5的合成
5L三口瓶中加入 343g氯甲醚膦盐, 2L无水四氢呋喃, 氮气保护下, 降温至 -5Ό , 分 批加入 123g叔丁醇钾 (每批控温 5°C以下) , 搅拌 30分钟后, 滴加 167g上步所得 A4和 500ml无水四氢呋喃的混合物, 滴加过程中控温 1(TC以下, 滴完后自然升温至室温, 继续 搅拌 6小时, 正常后处理, 得到红棕色液体 180g, 不需提纯, 直接用于下一步, GC: 77% (顺反混合物) , 收率: 94%;
6、 A6的合成
1L三口瓶中加入 18g A2, 17g A5, 240ml甲苯, 120ml乙醇, 120ml水, 30g碳酸钠, 氮气保护下, 加入 0.4gPd (PPh3 ) 4加热回流 6h, 反应完毕后, 正常后处理, 经柱层析以 及乙醇重结晶提纯得到白固体色 12g, GC>85% (顺反混合物) , 收率: 47%;
7、 A7的合成
250ml三口瓶中加入 12g A6, 25ml四氢呋喃, 25ml 10%盐酸水溶液, 加热至弱回流 搅拌 4.5小时, 反应完毕后, 正常后处理, 经石油醚 (90-120Ό ) 重结晶, 得到白色固体 5.5g, GC>97%, 收率: 48%;
8、 A的合成
250ml三口瓶中加入 5.5g A7, 9g三苯基膦, 10g二氟氯乙酸钠, lOOmlDMF, 加热至 90°C,反应 6小时,反应完毕后,正常后处理,经柱层析提纯得到白色固体 3.5g, GC>99%, 收率 58%; 相变: C39N126L 化合物 A (化学式(1-2)的化合物)的质谱图如图 1B所示。 制备例 2 化学式 (1-3 ) 的化合物的合成 如下:
Figure imgf000011_0001
B 以 4-正丙基溴苯为原料,使用制备化合物 A的方法,可得到白色固体化合物 B,相变- C44S128N149L 化合物 B (化学式 (1-3 ) 的化合物) 的质谱图如图 2所示。 制备例 3 化学式 (1-1 ) 的化合物的合成 备过程如下:
Figure imgf000012_0001
C 以对溴甲苯为原料, 使用制备化合物 A的方法, 可得到白色固体化合物。, 相变- C66N151I。 对照例 表 3所列是对照例液晶组合物的成分及重量配比。 该对照例液晶组合物填充于液晶 显示器两基板之间进行性能测试, 测试结果也列于表 3。 表 3. 对照例液晶组合物的成分及重量配比
Figure imgf000012_0002
实施例 1 表 4所列的各化合物及重量份数配制成本发明的液晶组合物, 其填充于液晶显示器 两基板之间进行性能测试, 测试数据也列于表 4。 表 4. 实施例 1的组分及重量份数 实施例 1
组分代码 对应的化合物类别 重量百分数 性能参数测试结果
1PGP2V(2F) 1-1 7 TN I (°C) 81.6
2PGP2V(2F) 1-2 7 Δη (589nm,20°C) 0.122
Viscosity
3PGP2V(2F) 1-3 7 11.2
(mm2's"',20°C)
3CCV II- 1 46 Δε ( ΙΚΗζ, 25 °C ) +3.1
3CCV1 II-2 5
2CPPF III- 1 6
3CPPF III-2 6
5CPPF III-3 6
3PGUQUF III-4 5
4PGUQUF III-5 5
合计 100 实施例 2 表 5所列的各化合物及重量份数配制成本发明的液晶组合物, 其填充于液晶显示器 两基板之间进行性能测试, 测试数据也列于表 5。 表 5. 实施例 2的组分及重量份数
Figure imgf000013_0001
通过实施例 1和 2发现, 在粘度没有明显增加的基础上, 液晶组合物的折射率有明显 的增大, 从而可以使用更薄的盒, 得到更快的响应速度。 实施例 3 表 6所列的各化合物及重量份数配制成本发明的液晶组合物, 其填充于液晶显示器 两基板之间进行性能测试, 测试数据也列于表 6。 表 6. 实施例 3的组分及重量份数
Figure imgf000014_0001
表 7是两种液晶化合物的电压保持率 (VHR) 数据。 表 7. 两种液晶化合物的 VHR数据
Figure imgf000014_0002
通过以上数据我们发现, 两种化合物在初始 VHR接近的基础上, 经过 UV和高温的 破坏后, 端基含有 2氟的化合物的可靠性更强。 本发明的优点是提供一种液晶组合物, 其具备向列相的上限温度高、 向列相的下限 温度低、 粘度小、 光学各向异性大、 介电各向异性大、 电阻率大、 对紫外线的稳定性 高、 对热的稳定性高等特性中的至少一种特性。 同时提供一种含有该液晶组合物的液晶 显示元件。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种液晶组合物, 按液晶组合物的总重量计, 包括:
8-50%的通式 (I)
Figure imgf000015_0001
10-70% (重量) 的通式 (II) 的
Figure imgf000015_0002
(II) ;
-50% (重量) 的通式 (III) 的化合物
Figure imgf000015_0003
(III) ;
0-20% (重量) 的通 (IV) 的化合物
Figure imgf000015_0004
(IV) ; 以及
0-15% (重量) 的通式 (V) 的化合物
Figure imgf000015_0005
(V) ;
其中,
Ri是碳原子数为 1-10的垸基;
R2、 R3和 R4独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的垸基或垸氧基, 碳原子数为 2-10的烯基、 或任意氢原子被氟原子取代的碳原子数为 2-10的烯基;
X,、 X2、 X3及 X4独立的是氢或氟, 其中 X^D X2不同时为氢或氟;
Ζ是 -CO-0-, -Ο-CO-, -CF20-, -OCF2-, -CH20-, -OCH2-, -C¾CH2-、 -(CH2)4-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-或单键; 并且
m、 n等于 0或 1 ;
A! 、 A2、 A3为反式 -1,4-亚环己基或 1,4-亚苯基;
A4、 八5及八6各自独立的表示为以下基团之一:
Figure imgf000016_0001
R5、 R6独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的垸基或碳原子数位 2-10的烯基;
R7、 R8独立地是碳原子数为 1-10的垸基;
X5、 X6、 X7及 X8独立地是氢或氟, 且 X5、 X6、 X7及 ¾只能同时其中一个为氟, 其 余全为氢。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述液晶组合物包括 10-40% (重量)的通 式 (I) 的化合物, 15-65% (重量) 的通式 (Π) 的化合物, 6-40% (重量) 的通式 (III) 的化合物, 0-15% (重量) 的通式 (IV) 的化合物, 以及 0-10% (重量) 的通式 (V) 的 化合物。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述 是 2-7个碳原子的垸基。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述 R2、 R3和 R4独立地是碳原子数为 2-7 的烷基或烷氧基, 碳原子数为 2-7的烯基、 或任意氢原子被氟原子取代的碳原子数为 2-7 的烯基。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述 Z是 -CF20-, -CH2CH2-或单键。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述 A4、 A5及 A6各自独立的表示为以下 基团
Figure imgf000016_0002
7. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述 R5、 R6独立地是碳原子数是 2-7垸基 或烯基。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述 R7、 R8独立地是碳原子数为 2-7的垸
9. 如权利要求 1所述的液晶组合物, 其中所述液晶组合物包括:
7% (重量) 的化学式为 1-1的化合物 I
Figure imgf000017_0001
Figure imgf000017_0002
Figure imgf000017_0003
Figure imgf000017_0004
5% (重量) 的化学式为 II-2的化合物 II
Figure imgf000017_0005
6% (重量) 的化学式为 III-1的化合物 III
Figure imgf000017_0006
Figure imgf000018_0001
6% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-3的化合物 III
Figure imgf000018_0002
5% (重量) 的化学式为 ΙΙΙ-4的化合物 III
Figure imgf000018_0003
5% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-5的化合物 III
Figure imgf000018_0004
或者, 所述液晶组合物包括-
6% (重量) 的化学式为 1-1的化合物 I
Figure imgf000018_0005
6% (重量) 的化学式为 1-2的化合物 I
Figure imgf000018_0006
7% (重量) 的化学式为 1-3的化合物 I
1-3
Figure imgf000018_0007
46% (重量) 的化学式为 II-l的化合物 II
Figure imgf000019_0001
5% (重量) 的化学式为 II-2的化合物 II
Figure imgf000019_0002
6% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-1的化合物 III
Figure imgf000019_0003
6% (重量) 的化学式为 ΙΠ-2的化合物 III
Figure imgf000019_0004
6% (重量) 的化学式为 ΙΠ-3的化合物 III
Figure imgf000019_0005
6% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-6的化合物 III
Figure imgf000019_0006
6% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-7的化合物 III
Figure imgf000019_0007
或者, 所述液晶组合物包括: % (重量) 的化学式为 1-1的化合物 I
Figure imgf000020_0001
% (重量) 的化学式为 1-2的化合物 I
Figure imgf000020_0002
% (重量) 的化学式为 1-3的化合物 I
Figure imgf000020_0003
7% (重量) 的化学式为 II-1的化合物 II
Figure imgf000020_0004
% (重量) 的化学式为 II-3的化合物 II
Figure imgf000020_0005
% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-1的化合物 III
Figure imgf000020_0006
% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-2的化合物 m
Figure imgf000020_0007
% (重量) 的化学式为 ΙΠ-6的化合物 III
Figure imgf000021_0001
6% (重量) 的化学式为 ΠΙ-7的化合物 ΙΠ
Figure imgf000021_0002
% (重量) 的化学式为 III- 8的化合物 III
Figure imgf000021_0003
4% (重量) 的化学式为 IV-1的化合物 IV
Figure imgf000021_0004
3% (重量) 的化学式为 V-1的化合物 V
Figure imgf000021_0005
10. 一种液晶显示器件, 包括权利要求 1至 9之一所述的液晶组合物(
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