WO2013004859A1 - Método de tratamiento de celulas madre mesenquimales y su uso en el tratamiento de enfermedades asociadas a estrés oxidativo - Google Patents
Método de tratamiento de celulas madre mesenquimales y su uso en el tratamiento de enfermedades asociadas a estrés oxidativo Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of treating mesenchymal cells, cells obtained directly through the method and their use in the treatment of diseases caused or associated with oxidative stress.
- stem cells lie in their ability to differentiate into different cell types and become part of tissues and organs. Another beneficial aspect of stem cells is their paracrine secretion of cytokines, interleukins, trophic factors and growth factors. Current research and clinical trials are being designed to determine the therapeutic effect of stem cells in various pathologies, and there is a growing demand for stem cell-based therapies.
- oxidative stress a component mediated by reactive oxygen metabolites (MROs) called oxidative stress .
- the reactive oxygen species mainly the superoxide anion radical (0 2 ⁇ ) and its H 2 0 2 dismutation product, are natural waste by-products generated in the respiratory chain that takes place in the mitochondria of the cells, an essential phenomenon for the life of the cell due to its function in the generation of ATP.
- mitochondria are the compartments of the most active mammalian cells in reduction-oxidation (red-ox) processes, performing more than 90% of the electron transfer with 0 2 as the electron terminal receptor.
- red-ox reduction-oxidation
- Most electron transfer occurs through an ox-core central circuit that uses the energy available in the oxidation of various metabolic substrates (such as pyruvate and fatty acids) to generate ATP.
- the regulation of these processes is essential for cellular activity since cells need to generate ATP while maintaining an appropriate homeostasis in terms of non-essential amino acid supply, elimination of excess amino acids, glucose supply and processing of energy precursors for a long-term power supply if necessary. Part of this regulation seems to occur along with a continuous generation of low levels of MROs and molecular sensors.
- the metabolic pathways associated with this regulation although poorly defined, are known to require a defined red-ox environment.
- H 2 0 2 is continuously formed through different enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glucose oxidase and monoamine oxidase, and must be degraded to prevent oxidative damage.
- the most admitted cause of the cytotoxic effect of H 2 0 2 is the generation of hydroxyl radicals from iron-catalyzed reactions that damage DNA, proteins and membrane lipids.
- H 2 0 2 behaves like a "killer" substrate that at high concentrations (> 100 ⁇ ) causes an irreversible inactivation of catalase. Hyslop, Zhang, Pearson and Phebus, 1995.
- H 2 0 2 is a complex of glutathione (GSH), a detoxifying molecule capable of eliminating H 2 0 2 , which suggests that the entry of peroxide into the cell may activate one or more mechanisms toxic to cells .
- GSH glutathione
- GSH is one of the main molecules related to the removal of H 2 0 2 together with its oxidized form GSSG and the enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutaredoxin and the NADPH / NADP + complex.
- GPx glutathione peroxidase
- GR glutathione reductase
- glutaredoxin glutathione peroxidase
- NADPH / NADP + complex glutathione peroxidase
- Different studies using in vitro models with cell cultures have demonstrated the fundamental protective role of GSH in mitochondria. During apoptosis (programmed cell death), the oxidation of mitochondrial GSH stimulates the depletion of GSH causing an increase in MROs, suggesting that GSH participates in the control of the generation of MROs in mitochondria. Dringen, Pawlowski Hirriinger, 2005.
- hMSCs have the main enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms to detoxify MROs and to correct the damages caused by oxidative stress in the proteome and genome, guaranteeing an efficient management of MROs ( Valle-Prieto and Conget, 2010. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells efficiently manage oxidative stress, Stem Cell Dev 19, 1885-1893). If this potential is maintained in vivo, hMSCs could also contribute to limiting tissue damage caused by MROs.
- BMMSCs bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- Ascorbate express higher levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione
- Stolzing and Scutt 2006. Effect of reduced culture temperature on antioxidant defenses of mesenchymal stem cells. Free Radie Biol Med 41 (326-338).
- Ulmer, Zeck, Meissner-Weigl, Schneider, Stopper, Schupp, Kassem and Jacob 2006.
- Selenium supplementation restores the antioxidative capacity and prevents cell damage in bone marrow stromal cells in vitro.
- Stem Cells 24 (1226-1235) describes the increase in basal antioxidant capacity of these BMMSCs, modifying the culture conditions by supplementation with selenium or the decrease in cell culture temperature, respectively, Stolzing and Scutt (2006) declare that the reduction in temperature in these cells does not affect the viability of BMMSCs, but increases their differentiation.
- stem cells obtained directly through the method of treatment of the present invention cells designated HC016, do not present evidence of differentiation, maintaining its undifferentiated phenotype, in addition to its viability.
- HC016 cells maintain their viability, proliferative capacity and undifferentiated phenotype, and they are also capable of activating the expression of genes that encode selenium independent enzymes, key to the detoxification of MROs, such as superoxide dismutases (SODs) and catalase (Cat).
- SODs superoxide dismutases
- Cat catalase
- HC016 cells obtained directly from the method of treatment of the present invention have a number of advantages that make them especially suitable for acting in situations of oxidative stress. These advantages are fundamentally 1) the intracellular generation of an upper pool of the GSH detoxifying molecule, 2) a superior and increased expression of the genes involved in the expression of enzymes that catalyze the elimination of reactive oxygen species, 3) a new conformation of its cytoskeleton and consequently a greater capacity of migration towards damaged areas, and 4) a greater expression of trophic factors involved in the processes of tissue regeneration.
- These effects achieved by HC016, increase intracellular and extracellular defenses against MROs, without producing modifications in terms of their viability and state of differentiation.
- WO 2010/150094 describes a method for in vitro differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes and their use in cell therapy.
- the described method consists in the culture of said cells under hypoxic conditions.
- WO2007 / 030870 provides a method for the differentiation of stem cells, in particular human embryonic cells (hES cells) into cardiomyocytes and progenitors Neural by culturing the cells in the presence of a serum-free culture medium, which additionally includes prostaglandin or a p38MAPkinase inhibitor molecule. Consequently there is an important need in the state of the art to provide methods for obtaining mesenchymal stem cells with improved or increased capacity in the functioning of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms of the cells to eliminate reactive oxygen species, and consequently that these cells can be used more effectively in cell therapies of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
- stem cells in particular human embryonic cells (hES cells) into cardiomyocytes and progenitors Neural by culturing the cells in the presence of a serum-free culture medium, which additionally includes prostaglandin or a p38MAPkinase inhibitor molecule. Consequently there is an important need in the state of the art to provide methods for obtaining mesenchymal
- the present invention thus relates to a method of treating mesenchymal stem cells, as well as the use of said previously treated mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of associated diseases caused by oxidative stress.
- the mesenchymal stem cells of the present invention may have different origins, among others, adipose tissue, bone marrow, umbilical cord and / or placenta, although the realization of the present invention from mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue is preferably contemplated.
- Human ASC Human ASC.
- diseases associated and caused by oxidative stress, or degenerative evolution conditions due to components mediated by reactive oxygen species to those selected from the group consisting of: periarteritis nodosa, diabetes mellitus, chronic granulomatous disease are considered , arteriosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), reperfusion ischemia syndrome, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis and Chron disease, respiratory distress syndrome adult, arteriosclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve lesions, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Friedreich's ataxia, periodontitis, mucosal diseases, diseases and trauma that occur with an inflammatory component, water and chronic ulcers and wounds cas.
- arteriosclerosis pulmonary fibrosis (chronic obstructive
- the oxidative environment present in these pathologies induces the maintenance and even the intensification of the inflammatory situation in the damaged area. This phenomenon is one of the factors that hinder tissue recovery, which is not able to respond to the large number of MROs that occur.
- Mesenchymal stem cells, treated with the method of the present invention acquire a greater ability to survive in the oxidative environment that occurs in these situations, so as to increase the secretion of soluble factors that favorably intervene in tissue recovery. damaged.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention a method of treating mesenchymal stem cells comprising obtaining and isolating mesenchymal stem cells from a donor and culturing the cells in a given treatment medium.
- mesenchymal stem cells obtained through the method of treatment of the present invention that have a superior and increased expression of the genes involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species, and / or higher intracellular levels of GSH and / or conformation changes in the cytoskeleton and / or an increase in cell migration capacity, compared to untreated mesenchymal stem cells with the preconditioning method of the invention.
- mesenchymal stem cells treated according to the present invention that have higher intracellular levels of GSH, more preferably a higher activity and increased in the genes involved in the elimination of reactive oxygen species, selected from the group consisting of: SOD1 cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase, SOD2 mitochondrial superoxide 2 dimutase, extracellular SOD3 superoxide dismutase 3, Cat calatase, GPx glutathione peroxidase and GR glutathione reductase, more preferably, a different conformation of the cytoskeleton and a greater expression of the beta-actin gene, as well as the growth factor IGF-1, as therapeutic compositions / agents in cell therapy for the treatment of associated diseases caused by oxidative stress.
- reactive oxygen species selected from the group consisting of: SOD1 cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase, SOD2 mitochondrial superoxide 2 dimutase, extracellular SOD3 superoxide dismutase 3, Cat calata
- the use of mesenchymal cells of the present invention contemplates the administration of previously treated mesenchymal cells in an area adjacent to the site of damage, and / or in the epicenter of the lesion.
- FIG. 1 Proliferative capacity determined by the MTT method of the ASC, HC016 (A), HOG and HOG treated by the method of the invention (B), subjected to an oxidative environment (100 ⁇ ).
- HC016 cells significantly increase their proliferative capacity when subjected to oxidizing conditions, a phenomenon that does not occur when the same treatment is applied to other cells such as HOG.
- the asterisk indicates significant statistical difference according to the Student's t-test (p ⁇ 0.05) (Example 3).
- FIG. 1 Kinetic analysis of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species in ASC, HC016, HOG and HOG cells subjected to the treatment of the invention.
- the analysis shows that HC016 cells are the only ones capable of significantly lowering intracellular ROS levels, especially when exposed to high oxidizing conditions.
- the asterisks indicate significant statistical difference according to the double analysis of the ANOVA variance (*, P ⁇ 0.05; **, P ⁇ 0.01) (Example 4).
- Figure 3 Intracellular levels of total glutathione (GSH total i) in ASC and HC016 cells (Example 5). Under normal, non-oxidizing conditions, there is already a 10% increase in baseline GSH in HC016 cells with respect to ASCs.
- Figure 4A Levels of gene expression involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species in ASC and HC016 cells (Example 6).
- FIG. 4B Quantification of the expression levels of genes involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (SOD1, SOD2, SOD3, Cat, GR, GPx) in the ASC and HC016.
- the value is expressed as ratio HC016 / ASC (Example 6).
- FIG. 5A Levels of gene expression involved in the formation of the cytoskeleton ( ⁇ -Actin) in ASC and HC016 cells (Example 7).
- Figure 5B Quantification of the levels of gene expression involved in the formation of the cytoskeleton ( ⁇ -Actin) in the ASC and HC016. The value is expressed as ratio HC016 / ASC (Example 7).
- FIG. 5C Expression levels of IGF-I growth factor in ASC and HC016 cells (Example 7).
- Figure 5D Quantification of the expression levels of the IGF-I growth factor in ASCs and HC016. The value is expressed as ratio HC016 / AMSC (Example 7).
- FIG. 6 Fluorescence microscopy images of the F-actin immunomarking.
- the increase in the presence of F-actin in HC016 cells, with respect to ASCs, and its distribution in stress fibers can be observed, indicating changes in the conformation of the cell cytoskeleton in HC016 related to its greater migration capacity and chemotaxis (Example 8).
- FIG. 7 Proliferative rate of neural lineage HOG cells subjected to oxidative stress and the influence of the application of ACS and HC016 on this rate (CT). As can be seen, the co-cultivation of oxidized HOGs with ASCs and HC016 increases their survival capacity. However, only the co-cultivation of HOGs with HC016 is able to maintain this protective effect 48 hours after exposure to oxidizing conditions. The asterisk indicates significant statistical difference according to the Student's t-test (p ⁇ 0.05) (Example 9).
- Figure 8 Representative images and quantitative bar graph, showing the significantly superior migration capacity of HC016 towards cells under oxidative stress, with respect to ASCs (Example 10).
- the present invention relates in part to a method of treating mesenchymal stem cells, preferably of adipose origin, that is, obtained and / or isolated from adult adipose tissue, and in particular of animal origin, preferably human.
- Said process basically comprises two stages, the obtaining and isolation of mesenchymal cells, and secondly, a stage of growth and specific treatment of the cells in a specific treatment medium comprising an oxidizing agent.
- the procedure first comprises obtaining and isolating mesenchymal stem cells.
- mesenchymal stem cells can be selected from the group consisting of adipose tissue, bone marrow, umbilical cord and / or placenta
- the present invention is preferably contemplated from mesenchymal stem cells obtained from human adipose tissue, ASC
- the mesenchymal stem cell fraction of adipose tissue is extracted from adipose tissue lipoaspirates from healthy human patients under anesthesia. Liposuction is donated by patients under their corresponding informed consent. The lipoaspirates are washed with 1 x PBS and digested with type I collagenase for 30 minutes at 37 ° C and then centrifuged to obtain a cell pellet. This pellet is resuspended in red cell lysis buffer and the purified cell suspension is passed through a 100 ⁇ filter and centrifuged again. After resuspending the cells, they are sown in cell culture jars, to proceed with their cell expansion.
- Processes of expansion or subculture of the cells used for the purposes of the present invention include the release of the cells from the culture surface by using, for example, a trypsin / EDTA solution, the centrifugation of the obtained cell suspension, the determination of cell density and viability and planting in new cell culture surfaces.
- Obtaining cells for the purposes of the present invention follows the methodology described in the prior art, such as: Yoshimura, Shigeura, Matsumoto, Sato, Takaki, Aiba-Kojima, Sato, Inoue, Nagase, Koshima and Gonda, 2006. Characterization of Freshly Isolated and Cultured Cells Derived From the Fatty and Fluid Portions of Liposuction Aspirates. J Cell Physiol 208 (64-76); Almeida, Campa, Alonso-Vale, Lima, Daud and Stocchero, 2008. Stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue. Cir.plást.
- iberolatinoam 34 (71-79); Wagner, Wein, Seckinger, Frankhauser, Wirkner, Krause, Blake, Schwager, Eckstein, Ansorge and Ho, 2005. Comparative characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Experimental Hematology 33 (1402-1416). Cell treatment process. Obtaining HC016 cells:
- Oxidizing agent and / or peroxides include hydrogen peroxide (H 2 0 2 ), calcium peroxide (Ca0 2 ), magnesium peroxide (Mg0 2 ), zinc peroxide (oxidizing agent) Zn0 2 ), manganese peroxide (Mn0 2 ), lead peroxide (Pb0 2 ) and nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N 2 0), ozone (0 3 ), sodium perborate (NaB0 3 ), selenium dioxide (Se0 2 ), silver oxide (Ag 2 0), ferric salts such as ferric chloride (FeCI 3 ), copper salts such as sodium percarbonate (2Na 2 C0 3 ), permanganates such as potassium permanganate (K 2 Mn 2 0 8 ), dichromates such as potassium dichromate (K 2 Cr 2 0 7 ), lithium, sodium and calcium salts of hypochlorous acid (HCIO-), sodium chlorite (NaCI0 2 ), sodium chlor
- the present method of treatment contemplates exposure of the cells at H 2 0 2 in a controlled way, that is to say with a controlled pattern and method and at determined concentrations that cause new functionalities and characteristics in the mesenchymal stem cells obtained directly after this treatment.
- the method of treatment used for the purposes of the present invention comprises culturing the cells under a moderate oxidative environment, following a certain treatment pattern.
- the treatment method comprises two consecutive cycles of treatment with an interval of 48-72 hours, followed by a third cycle of preconditioning or treatment for 24-48 hours in an experimental support.
- said treatment pattern comprises the following stages: a) First cycle: Disposition of the cells on a culture surface and leave a conditioning time between 4 and 8 hours for the cells to adhere and acquire their typical morphology.
- Second cycle Renew the treatment medium by applying DMEM + 10% SBF again and a solution of H 2 0 2 , until reaching a final concentration between 0.01 and O, 05 mM.
- the culture or growth media comprise the usual components known in the state of the art, are therefore high glucose media, (DMEM, Invitrogen) at 85-95% of the total volume, with fetal bovine serum in concentrations of 5 to 15% of the total volume (Biochrom) and 1% of PSA of the total volume (antibiotic solution-lnvitrogen).
- the treatment medium used in the method of the invention described above comprises a high glucose content (DMEM, Invitrogen) at 85-95% of the total volume with fetal bovine serum in concentrations of 5 to 15% of the volume.
- DMEM high glucose content
- PSA fetal bovine serum
- H 2 0 2 hydrogen peroxide
- the HC016 cells of the present invention have acquired and exhibit a higher and increased activity of the expression levels of certain genes involved in the removal of reactive oxygen species, such as the genes responsible for the following Proteins: SOD1 Cytoplasmic Superoxide Dismutase 1, SOD2 Mitochondrial Dimutase 2 Superoxide, SOD3 Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase 3, GPx Glutathione Peroxidada, GR Glutathione Reductase and Cat Catalase, with respect to ASCs not treated with the method.
- SOD1 The enzyme superoxide dismutase 1 is a dimeric protein that has copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) as factors. SOD1 is found in the cell cytoplasm and catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide, product of the respiratory chain and the enzyme xanthine oxidase, into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide through the following reactions.
- SOD2 The enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 is a tetrameric protein that has manganese (Mn) as a factor. SOD2 is found in the mitochondria of the cells and catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide, a product of the respiratory chain and the enzyme xanthine oxidase, into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide through the following reactions. . Mn (n + 1) + -SOD + C1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ Mn n + -SOD + 0 2
- SOD3 The enzyme superoxide dismutase 3 is a homotetrameric protein that has copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) as factors. SOD3 is released to the extracellular medium where it binds to the extracellular matrix through heparan sulfate proteoglycan and type I collagen and catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide present in the medium, into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide through the following reactions.
- the catalase enzyme is a tetrameric protein with four peptide chains and four heme porphyrin groups (Iron, Fe) that is present in the peroxisomes of virtually all aerobic cells as a key enzyme in defense against oxidative stress. Catalase reacts with hydrogen peroxide and converts it into water. Although its mechanism is not fully known, it is described that its activity is carried out by the following reactions.
- H202 + 0 Fe (IV) -E (. +) ⁇ H20 + Fe (lll) -E + 02 Chelikani, Fita and Loewen, 2004. Diversity of structures and properties among Catalans. Cell Mol Life Sci 61 (192-208).
- GPx The enzyme glutathione peroxidase is one of the few known proteins in higher vertebrates that contain selenocysteine. GPx is found mainly in the cytoplasm and is involved in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide formed by superoxide dismutase and monoamine oxidase catalyzing its binding to GSH reduced glutathione molecules.
- GR The enzyme glutathione reductase is a homodimeric flavoprotein protein. GR belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfite oxydireductase class I family. This enzyme participates in a fundamental cycle in antioxidant defense. Its activity consists of reduce oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to its sulphydryl form (GSH), which is a major molecule in antioxidant defense.
- GSSG reduce oxidized glutathione
- GSH sulphydryl form
- the increase in the expression of the genes involved in the detoxification of MROS has been quantified with respect to the same untreated cells, ASC cells, confirming that HC016 cells show an increase in the expression of the SOD1 gene of at least 30% , preferably 53%, an increase in the expression of the SOD2 gene of at least 25%, preferably 37%, an increase in the expression of the SOD3 gene of at least 50%, preferably 77% and / or an increase in the expression of the Cat gene of at least 50%, preferably 78%.
- the method used to quantify the superiority of gene expression with respect to HC016 cells with respect to ASCs has been the following: Performing cell lysis, extraction and purification of the mRNA of each experimental group using the methodology described by the commercial filter system SuperScript-lll ® First Strand membrane.
- the mRNA is used as a template to generate cDNA using the Retro Polymerase Chain Transcription-Reaction (RT-PCR) technique following the protocols and reagents included in the Puree Link TM RNA Micro Kit.
- RT-PCR Retro Polymerase Chain Transcription-Reaction
- PCR Chain Polymerase Reaction
- SOD1 -3 Super Oxide Dismutase genes 1, 2 and 3
- Cat Catalase
- Glutathione Peroxidase GPx
- Glutathione Reductase GR
- HC016 cells have a higher intracellular level in GSH of at least 8%, preferably 10%, with respect to ASCs.
- the method used to quantify the superiority in GSH levels of HC016 cells with respect to ASCs has been Tietze's enzymatic method, as detailed below:
- the experimental groups consist of two independent lots of hASCs and HC016. After treatment, the cells are collected, their proteins are extracted by incubating the cells with a lysis buffer and the total protein in the supernatant is quantified following the protocol and reagents supplied with the BioRad DC Protein assay kit.
- the proteins are precipitated and the supernatant is transferred for the quantification of the total GSH and GSSG.
- the samples for the total GSH and GSSG tests are processed in triplicates in 96-well plate.
- the samples are incubated with glutathione reductase and then the absorbance is measured at 405 nm every 15 seconds for 2.5 minutes.
- the purified protein samples are pretreated with 2-vinylpyridine, later with glutathione reductase and finally the absorbance at 405 nm is measured every 15 seconds for 30 minutes.
- Absorbance values are extrapolated to a straight pattern generated by repeating the same steps but instead of with cell protein samples, with known concentrations of GSH. Values are expressed as nmol / mg protein. Total glutathione is calculated as:
- HC016 cells are characterized by having intracellular levels of MROs lower by at least 10%, preferably 11%, more preferably 15% compared to ASCs.
- the method used to quantify the superiority in the intracellular levels of MROs in HC016 cells with respect to ASCs has been the fluorimetric quantification with the DCFA probe, as described below:
- the experimental groups consist of four independent populations, one of ASCs, a second with HC016, a third with intact HOG cells and a fourth with HOG cells cultured with the same treatment that generates HC016 from ASC.
- the cells are washed with 1 x PBS and then 2 ', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFA) 10 ⁇ is added for 30 minutes. Subsequently, the DCFA is removed and fresh medium is added.
- DCFA 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate
- HC016 cells treated according to the method described above have a greater migration capacity. This property determines that HC016 can more efficiently go to the area of tissue damage and initiate trophic action to protect damaged cells and intervene in the control of the adverse environment.
- This significant greater capacity for migration with respect to ASCs is determined by conformation changes that occur in the cytoskeleton of HC016, as well as an increase in the type of microfilaments (beta-actin), which are arranged at the edge of expansion of cells, which use cell projections as a form of movement. In this sense, the analysis of the expression of the beta-actin gene indicates an increase in HC016 of 59%, with respect to ASCs (Fig. 5 A-B).
- the immunomarking of the polymerized actin or F-actin indicates important morphological changes related to the greater capacity of motility, such as a greater formation of stress fibers, an indispensable element in the migration processes.
- Figure 6 shows the immunomarking of F-actin. This image shows an increase in organized F-actin in stress fibers, which is one of the critical aspects in the cell migration process (Mitchison et al., 1996).
- the experiment conducted expressly to analyze the capacity of cell migration by using Boyden chambers (Fig. 8, example 10), shows that HC016 cells have a migration capacity 30 times greater than those of ASCs.
- HC016 cells show an increase in the expression of the trophic factor IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) of 64%, with respect to the ASC (Fig. 5 CD).
- IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor-1
- Previous studies have shown that IGF-1 intervenes in a relevant way in the regenerative processes produced after damage.
- IGF-1 is a potent neurotrophic factor, which is produced by non-neuronal cells after nerve tissue damage, stimulating tissue regeneration. It promotes neuronal survival, neurite growth, nerve cell proliferation, myelination and improves neuronal schwan-axon cell interaction (Apel et al., 2010).
- IGF-1 allows the repair of damaged skeletal muscle, without the formation of scar tissue and greater recruitment of stem cells to the site of damage.
- induction of the expression of IGF-1 by HC016 cells can promote the regenerative capacity of ASCs, so as to increase the capacity for cell proliferation, the functional recovery of the cells of the damaged tissue itself and the recruitment of stem cells to the area of damage, to contribute to the repair process.
- the method used to analyze gene expression with respect to ASC cells has been the following: this comparative analysis requires two experimental groups consisting of ASC cells and HC016 cells. Once the treatment is complete, each cell group is collected, lysed, the RNA is extracted and purified, and is used to generate cDNA. The PCR reaction is carried out with the cDNA including primer sequences designed to bind to specific DNA fragments of the ⁇ -actin genes and insulin-like growth factor type I, IGF-1. The PCR products of each experimental group are migrated using the electrophoresis technique and the size and optical density of each migrated band is determined. The density value is normalized with respect to the optical density value of a defined constitutive gene, the GAPDH.
- HC016 cells have a greater capacity to go to the area of damaged tissue and also produce a greater amount of trophic factors that act on the regenerative process of the cells of the tissue itself and help preserve their survival.
- Use of HC016 cells in the treatment of diseases associated with or derived from oxidative stress indicates that the treatment generated by HC016 cells induces the synthesis of a reserve of intra- and extra-cellular molecular machinery necessary for the elimination of H 2 0 2 and control the adverse oxidative environment.
- HC016 cells have a greater capacity to go to the area of damaged tissue and also produce a greater amount of trophic factors that act on the regenerative process of the cells of the tissue itself and help preserve their survival.
- the characteristics of the HC016 cells indicated in the previous section make them especially indicated for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress or degenerative evolution conditions due to components mediated by reactive oxygen species.
- MROs reactive oxygen metabolites
- H 2 0 2 hydrogen peroxide
- H 2 0 2 reacts and degrades cell membranes, proteins and DNA (Braughler and Hall, 1989. Central Nervous System trauma and stroke. I. Biochemical considerations for oxygen radical formation and lipid peroxidation. Free Radie Biol Med. 6 : 289-301) and ultimately induces in them a programmed cell death or apoptosis (Yukawa et al., 2002). H 2 0 2 is also a waste product of normal cell activity, so they have certain defenses against this molecule (Phillis, 1994. A "radical" view of cerebral ischemic injury. Prog Neurobiol 42: 441-448 ). However, the concentrations generated after the injury are higher than the physiologically tolerable (Hyslop, Zhang, Pearson and Phebus, 1995.
- oligodendrocytes cells that generate the myelin sheath of nerve fibers in neurons, are the most vulnerable to MROs because they have fewer defenses against them, and contain molecules that make them the main target of damage secondary (Dringen R, Pawlowski P and Hirrlinger J. 2005. Peroxide detoxification by brain cells. J Neurosci Res 79: 157-165).
- Other diseases are those selected from the group consisting of: periarteritis nodosa, diabetes mellitus, chronic granulomatous disease, arteriosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), reperfusion ischemia syndrome, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis and Chron disease, adult respiratory distress syndrome, arteriosclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve lesions, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Friedreich's ataxia, periodontitis, diseases of mucous membranes, diseases and trauma that occur with an inflammatory component, ulcers and acute and chronic wounds.
- HC016 cells administered to the affected area decreases the level of oxidative stress caused as a result of the activation of the Immune System cells during inflammatory processes.
- HC016 cells decreases the levels of oxidative stress caused as a result of the production of MROs after internal bleeding, improves the paracrine secretion of cytokines, interleukins, chemokines, trophic factors and growth factors, increases the survival and proliferation of other mammalian cells, decreases extracellular ROS levels in the proximity of mammalian cells close to the HC016 administered and decreases extracellular levels of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta , etc.
- HC016 cells have a much higher chemotactic capacity towards cells damaged by extracellular H 2 0 2 , as demonstrated in example 10 of the present invention.
- the use of HC016 cells contemplates the administration of previously treated mesenchymal cells in an area adjacent to the site of damage, rather than the epicenter of the lesion, with the aim of limiting the irradiation of tissue damage, the extent of the lesion and the functional loss The tissue at the point of the lesion undergoes an intense compressive force that breaks the membranes of the nerve cells and the cells of the vascular system.
- the treated cells will be applied using a route of administration, which allows them to directly reach the epicenter of the lesion, in order to metabolize the reactive oxygen species present in the area, reduce oxidative stress and control the inflammatory situation, to avoid the situation of massive cell death in this area.
- the routes of administration can be: any parenteral route (such as intra-arterial, intravenous, intra-lymphatic, intrarachial, epidural, intramedullary), subcutaneous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, transdermal (percutaneous), intraarticular, intratracheal, intraalveolar, intrathecal, intraocular, conjunctival, intracardiac, intranasal, vaginal, urethral, cutaneous, rectal, sublingual, oral, oral transmucosa.
- parenteral route such as intra-arterial, intravenous, intra-lymphatic, intrarachial, epidural, intramedullary
- subcutaneous intramuscular, intraperitoneal
- transdermal percutaneous
- intraarticular, intratracheal, intraalveolar, intrathecal intraocular, conjunctival, intracardiac, intranasal, vaginal, urethral, cutaneous, rectal, sublingual, oral, oral transmuco
- the formulation is contemplated in a solution, which in addition to the HC016 cells contains among others, Ringer-Lactate, Human albumin (CSL-Behring), etc. which is available in sterile glass and pyrogenic vials (Sword Scientific) for administration.
- HC016 cells can be incorporated into biomaterials of natural and / or synthetic origin, for the generation of cellular and tissue engineering therapies such as hydrogels, foams and polymeric materials, composites, calcium phosphate derivatives and metallic materials, that allow a better administration of the cells to the zone of injury and a greater capacity of survival and functionality of the same, according to the cases.
- mesenchymal cells migrate to the area of injury, where they activate the proliferation of cells adjacent to the injection site.
- these adjacent cells have the same phenotype as those of the parenchyma in which the injection was made and are precursor cells. Even more preferably, the phenotype of adjacent cells coincides with that of parenchyma cells and that of precursor cells.
- HC016 mesenchymal cells administered to the tissue remain in the tissue.
- the presence of mesenchymal cells administered in the patient's tissue does not induce an immune response against said administered mesenchymal cells.
- Mesenchymal stem cells of adipose tissue are isolated from human tissue following the methodology described in Yoshimura et al., 2006; Almeida et al., 2008; Wagner et al., 2005.
- the mesenchymal stem cell fraction of adipose tissue is extracted from adipose tissue lipoaspirates from healthy patients under anesthesia.
- the lipoaspirates are washed with 1 x PBS and digested with type I collagenase for 30 minutes at 37 ° C and then centrifuged to obtain a cell pellet.
- This pellet is resuspended in red cell lysis buffer and the purified cell suspension is passed through a 100 ⁇ filter and centrifuged again. After resuspending the cells, they are seeded in culture media for cell expansion.
- the cells are grown as primary cultures for a period of 5 days in a growth medium composed of DMEM (Invitrogen) with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (Biochrom) and 1% of antibiotic-antifungal PSA (Invitrogen) in the incubator at 37 5 C and 5% C02.
- DMEM Invitrogen
- Biochrom Fetal Bovine Serum
- antibiotic-antifungal PSA Invitrogen
- Example 2 Application of the treatment of the invention to ASC cells: Obtaining HC016 cells
- DMEM Invitrogen
- Bovine Fetal Serum Biochrom
- antibiotic-antifungal PSA Invitrogen
- the support with the cells is introduced into the incubator at 37 5 C and 5% C02, until adhesion.
- First cycle the treatment medium containing the following composition is added: DMEM (Invitrogen) with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (Biochrom), 1% antibiotic-antifungal PSA (Invitrogen) and 0.01% of H 2 0 2 (Panreac) These cells are incubated in this medium for 48 hours.
- Second cycle After 48 hours, the cells are obtained and 350,000 cells are seeded in a second T25 culture bottle and introduced into the incubator for 4 hours at 37 5 C and 5% C0 2 until they adhere. The treatment medium is added and these cells are incubated in this medium for 48 hours.
- Third cycle After 48 hours, the cells are obtained and 350,000 cells are sown in a third T25 culture flask with 5 ml of growth medium and introduced into the incubator at 37 ° C and 5% C0 2 until adhesion. The treatment medium is added and these cells are incubated in this medium for 48 hours. After 48 hours, the treated ASC cells are called HC016.
- Example 3 Comparative analysis of the proliferation of HC016 cells with respect to ASCs. Proliferation analysis is carried out in four experimental cell groups: ASC, HC016 cells, intact HOG cells and HOG cells cultured with the same treatment of the invention, which generates the HC016.
- HOG cells are human cells from an oligodendroglioma and are considered as a cellular model of oligodendrocytes (cells of the surrounding glia in the nervous system).
- ASCs are cultivated with the methodology and growth medium defined and described in example 1 to generate the population necessary for this experimentation.
- a batch of the same number of HC016 cells is generated from ASC according to example 2.
- the population of HOG cells is generated by the same methods and means as the ASCs and the fourth group is generated by culturing the HOG cells with the same methodology that gives rise to HC016.
- the cells are seeded in 96-well plates with growth medium until they are attached to the base of the well.
- the cells are then cultured in an oxidative environment, by exposure to 0.1 mM of H 2 0 2 .
- the graphs are represented in arbitrary units of intensity over time (hours).
- Example 4 Intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species of HC016 cells.
- the analysis of the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species is carried out in four experimental cell groups: ASC, HC016 cells, intact HOG cells and HOG cells cultured with the same treatment of the invention, which generates the HC016.
- the four different populations generated are planted in well plates with growth medium until they are attached.
- the cells are then briefly washed with 1 x PBS, then this is replaced by 100 ⁇ of 1 x PBS to which 2 ', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFA) 10 ⁇ has been added for 30 minutes in the incubator. Subsequently, the DCFA is removed and fresh medium is added.
- the cells are cultured in an oxidizing medium by the addition of H 2 0 2 to the medium in a gradient comprising 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mM.
- the evolution over time of intracellular ROS levels is measured with measurements every 5 minutes and for a total of 60 minutes in a plate reader fluorimeter.
- the ranges of excitation / emission wavelengths are 485/538 nm.
- the graphs are represented in arbitrary units of intensity over time (minutes).
- HC016 cells After 55 minutes after being exposed to a gradient of H 2 0 2 , with 1 mM and 0.5 mM concentrations, HC016 cells contain significantly lower levels of intracellular MROs than ASC cells (1% lower); two-way ANOVA test P ⁇ 0.031 and (15% lower); two-way ANOVA test P ⁇ 0.039, respectively) after being exposed to a gradient of H 2 0 2 (Fig. 2).
- the treatment that generates HC016 from ASCs does not induce the same response in other mammalian cells as oligodendroglial HOG cells (Fig. 2).
- the experimental groups consist of two independent lots of ASCs and HC016.
- ASCs have been cultivated with the methodology and means described above.
- the ASCs have been extracted and isolated from human adipose tissue following the methods described and subcultured in growth medium to obtain the cell population necessary for this experimentation.
- a batch of HC016 is also generated with the same number of cells with the methodology described above.
- the cells are collected by digestion with 0.05 trypsin / EDTA, their proteins are extracted by incubating the cells with a lysis buffer (protease inhibitor, EDTA and Triton X-100 in buffer sodium phosphate at pH 7.5) and the total protein in the supernatant is quantified following the protocol and reagents supplied with the BioRad DC Protein assay kit.
- a lysis buffer prote inhibitor, EDTA and Triton X-100 in buffer sodium phosphate at pH 7.5
- the proteins are precipitated with 5% sulfosalicylic acid and centrifugation, and the low weight peptides dissolved in the supernatant transferred for quantification of total GSH and GSSG.
- the samples for the total GSH and GSSG tests are processed in triplicates in 96-well plate.
- the samples contain 5% purified protein, 45% distilled water and 50% reaction buffer (0.2 M EDTA, DTNB 1, 2 mg / 100 ⁇ , 3.6 mg NADPH and 4.5 Units of glutathione reductase in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer at pH 7.5).
- the absorbance is then measured at 405 nm every 15 seconds for 2.5 minutes.
- purified protein samples are pretreated with 2-vinylpyridine in a 96.3% / 3.7% ratio; (protein / reagent) and are incubated for 1 hour at 4 ° C.
- the samples are then prepared for analysis by combining 10% of the pre-treated sample, 40% distilled water and 50% reaction buffer (0 , 2 M EDTA, DTNB 1, 2 mg / 100 ⁇ , 3.6 mg NADPH and 4.5 Units of glutathione reductase in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer at pH 7.5). Finally, the absorbance at 405 nm is measured every 15 seconds for 30 minutes. Absorbance values are extrapolated to a straight pattern generated by repeating the same steps but with known concentrations of GSH. Values are expressed as nmol / mg protein. Total glutathione is calculated as
- HC016 cells increase their total GSH content by 10% compared to ASC (Fig. 3).
- the presence of higher levels of total and intracellular GSH in the HC016 confirms the superior detoxification capacity of these cells, giving them superior resistance to environmental stress or increased cellular metabolic activity.
- Example 6 Levels of gene expression involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen metabolites.
- the cells of each group are collected by digestion with 0.05% trypsin / EDTA.
- the cells are lysed and extracted and purified mRNA from each group using a commercially membrane filter (SuperScript First Strand-lll ®; Invitrogen, Ref . 18080-051) retaining membrane fragments and cellular proteins.
- the mRNA is used as a template to generate cDNA using the Retro Polymerase Chain Transcription-Reaction (RT-PCR) technique following the protocols and reagents included in the commercial kit (Puree Link TM RNA Micro Kit; Invitrogen; Ref. 91 181 1).
- Corresponding volumes of the cDNA of each experimental group are mixed with adequate volumes and concentrations to perform a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) including primer sequences designed to bind to specific DNA fragments located in exon regions of Super Oxide Dismutase 1 genes, 2 and 3 (SOD1 -3), Catalase (Cat), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase (GR).
- PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
- the PCR products of each experimental group are migrated on an agarose gel by means of the electrophoresis technique on a 4% agarose gel in 1 x TAE buffer plus a volume of a commercial reagent that stains the DNA at a concentration defined by the manufacturer (SYBR Safe DNA gel stain; Invitrogen; Ref.
- the gels are illuminated with ultraviolet light and a digital image is obtained with the intensity and location of the DNA bands.
- the intensity of each band is quantified as "optical density” and to this value the optical density value of the adjacent gel without band is subtracted and the resulting one is normalized with the optical density value of a defined constitutive gene, Gliceraldehyde-3- GADPH Phosphate Dehydrogenase.
- HC016 cells present these intra and extra-cellular antioxidant defenses with respect to ASCs (Fig. 4A).
- Example 7 Levels of gene and protein expression involved in cytoskeleton and growth factors.
- This comparative analysis requires two experimental groups consisting of ASC cells cultured with the methods and means described above to obtain the cell population necessary for this experimentation, and a batch of HC016 cells with the same number of cells that have been generated with the methodology described above.
- each cell group is collected by trypsin / EDTA digestion, the cells are lysed, the RNA is extracted and purified, and is used to generate cDNA.
- the PCR reaction is carried out with the cDNA including primer sequences designed to bind to specific DNA fragments located in regions of exons of the ⁇ -actin genes and insulin-like growth factor type I, IGF-1.
- Example 6 the PCR products of each experimental group are migrated on an agarose gel by the electrophoresis technique.
- the optical density of each migrated band is measured and its value is subtracted from the gel intensity and normalized with respect to the optical density value of a defined constituent gene, GADPH.
- the expression levels of the genes related to the cytoskeleton components and growth factors in HC016 cells are different from those of the ASC Figs. 5A and C.
- the quantification of the expression of the different genes shows that in HC016 the ⁇ -Actin gene increases by 59% (Fig. 5B) and the IGF-I gene increases by 64%, with respect to ASCs (Fig. . 5 D).
- Example 8 Composition and distribution of cytoskeleton molecules.
- This comparative analysis requires two experimental groups consisting of conventional ASC cells that are cultured with the methods and means described above to obtain the cell population necessary for this experimentation, and a batch of HC016 cells with the same number of cells that have been generated. with the methodology described above.
- the cells of both populations are seeded in 24-well plates with the medium and the methodology described above. When these cells are attached, the medium is removed and 1 x PBS is added to the well.
- the cells are then fixed by adding 4% formaldehyde in 1 x PBS for 12 minutes, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in 1 x PBS for 10 minutes at 4 ° C, washed again in 1 x PBS incubated with 100 g / ml of Faloidine-FITC (Sigma-Aldrich; Ref. P5282) in 1 x PBS for 1 hour at room temperature (-23 ° C). Later, the cells are washed with 1 x PBS, their nuclei are stained with 10 ⁇ g / ml of Hoechst 33258 (Invitrogen; Ref. H1398) and finally covered with a thin layer of Fluoromont-G (Southern Biotech; Ref. 0100- 01) and visualized with a fluorescence microscope.
- the cytoskeleton of HC016 cells has more F-actin filaments and denser than ASC cells, organizing in stress fibers.
- the observation of the ASC and HC016 cells under the microscope qualitatively shows that the HC016 have more F-actin filaments and denser than the ASC (Fig. 6), which confers a more robust and more prepared cytoskeleton before a possible structural remodeling.
- Example 7 the quantification of the expression of the gene encoding the monomers of F-actin, ⁇ -actin (Fig 5A-B) has been shown. Both two results indicate the increase in F-actin synthesis, and the latter its effect on the cytoskeleton.
- Example 9 Protection capacity of neural lineage cells with HC016 cells.
- the experimental groups consist of oligodendroglial HOG cells without any modification in their normal culture process, HOG cells grown in an oxidative medium, HOG cells co-cultured with ASC in an oxidative environment and HOG cells co-cultured with HC016 in an environment oxidative
- HOG cells are human oligodendroglioma cells considered as an experimental model of oligodendrocyte. HOG cells have proliferative capacity and genetic load of oligodendrocyte.
- Two populations with the same number of ASC and HC016 cells are generated with the methods described in Example 1 and 2, respectively.
- the cells are collected by digestion with 0.05% trypsin / EDTA to be included in the in vitro co-culture system based on Boyden chambers included in 24-well plates (transweil plate inserts) that avoid physical contact between the two cell populations.
- the oligodendrocytes are sown and when they are attached to the bottom of the 24-well plate they are grown in an oxidative medium (0.5 ml of 0.5 mM H 2 0 2 in culture medium). After oxidative stimulation, the medium is replaced by fresh culture composed of DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics at 37 ° C.
- the cells are introduced in co-culture, the ASC cells or the HC016 cells are included in the Boyden chamber (transweil plate inserts) as corresponds to the experimental groups described above.
- the viability of oligodendrocytes is quantified by the exclusion method with trypan blue at 24 and 48 hours after oxidative stimulation.
- the Growth Rate is established as:% Live Cells -% Dead Cells.
- the Growth Rate is calculated with respect to non-oxidized HOGs such as: TC H OG oxidized / TChlOG control-
- the resulting values are normalized with respect to oxidized HOGs and are represented in% as bar graphs.
- Example 10 Migration capacity of HC016 towards cellular signaling caused after inflammation / oxidative stress.
- the experimental groups consist of oligodendroglial control cells without any modification in the culture procedure, oligodendroglial cells cultured in an oxidative environment, co-culture of ASC with oligodendroglial cells in an oxidative environment and co-culture of HC016 with oligodendroglial cells in an oxidative environment .
- an oxidative stress model was generated with mammalian cells (oligodendroglial cells) whose proliferation and viability is sensitive to oxidative stress conditions.
- the oxidative stress model consists of HOG oligodendroglial cells sown and adhered to the base of a 24-well plate and grown in an oxidative environment (0.5 ml of 0.5 mM H 2 0 2 in culture medium). After oxidative stimulation, the medium is replaced with fresh culture medium composed of DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics at 37 ° C.
- the next step is to include the ASC or HC016 cells in co-culture using the Boyden chamber (transweil plate inserts) as corresponds to the experimental groups described above.
- the transweils are removed from the plate, washed with 1 x PBS for 10 minutes and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in 1 x PBS for 12 minutes.
- the cells on the upper surface of the transweil membrane where the cells were seeded are removed with a cotton swab and the remaining cells are stained with a 0.1% solution of violet cresyl for 1 hour at room temperature (-23 ° C ).
- the membranes are washed with 1 x PBS and finally removed from the inserts and mounted on slides and covered with a thin layer of DPX mounting medium (Sigma-Aldrich; Ref. 44581) and a coverslip.
- the membranes are visualized under a microscope and representative images are acquired and the number of cells per area in each experimental group is counted.
- the quantification is expressed in number of migrated cells per mm 2 .
- HC016 cells have a migratory capacity 32.75 times (3,275%) higher and 20.61 times (2,061%) higher (Fig. 8) than the ASCs towards the cell area damaged by oxidative stress.
- the treatment that generates the HC016 enhances the chemotactic capacity of the HC016 cells towards the cells, HOG in this case, damaged by the extracellular H 2 0 2 in a very accentuated manner and superior to the conventional ASCs.
- the chemotacticism that can be emitted by HOG cells after the application of H 2 0 2 can be related to phenomena such as oxidative stress and inflammation components in which there is a release of reactive metabolites of oxygen.
- Example 1 1 Preparation of the pharmaceutical form of HC016 cells.
- HC016 cells were prepared according to the pharmaceutical formulation that gives rise to the cell therapy drug, for application in the animal model and determination of its effectiveness: Thus, once the treatment that gives rise to the HC016 cells has been carried out, starting with the ASCs, as specified in example 2, their arrangement was carried out in vials of pyrogenic glass. For this, HC016 cells were detached from the culture flask by applying a 0.05% trypsin-EDTA solution, the enzyme activity was neutralized by the addition of SBF (Biochrom) and centrifugation was carried out at a rate 400g of the cell suspension obtained.
- SBF Biochrom
- the supernatant was removed, the cell pellet was resuspended in physiological serum (Grifols) and a new centrifugation was carried out to eliminate any remaining previous solutions. The supernatant was discarded and the cells were resuspended in an injectable solution (95% Ringer-Lactate (Grifols) and 5% human albumin (CSL-Behring). Cell count and viability analysis was performed using a hemocytometer, and The cell solution was adjusted to a concentration of 200,000 cells / ⁇ .
- the pharmaceutical product prepared for application by stereotactic injection in the animal model is composed of: a solution of 50 ⁇ of viable HC016 cells at a concentration of 200,000 cells / ⁇ in 95% Ringer-Lactate (Grifols) and 5% of Human albumin (CSL-Behring), arranged in sterile glass and pyrogenic vials (Sword Scientific).
- Example 12 Ability to protect and / or motor functional rehabilitation of a cell therapy based on the application of HC016 in an animal model of spinal cord injury.
- the experimental groups consist of three groups of 10 adult Sprague-Dawley rats of 250-300 grs. of weight to which, under general anesthesia with 3-4% isoflurane, a thoracic laminectomy is performed and the spinal cord is exposed.
- a moderate medullary lesion is applied by contusion calibrated and defined by a series of parameters such as distance and weight loaded on a metallic plunger of known diameter.
- the first group of 10 animals receives the spinal cord injury and receives no therapy.
- the second group of 10 animals receives the spinal cord injury and a cell therapy based on ASC is applied.
- the third group of 10 animals receives the spinal cord injury and a cell therapy based on HC016 is applied.
- Cellular therapies are applied 48 hours after injury by stereotactic injection at 6 points of the medulla at higher levels and inferior to the injury.
- Each injection consists of 1 ⁇ of saline solution with 200,000 cells, making a total dose of 1,200,000 cells. Rats are always supervised in an animal farm and receive food and drink ad libitum. The ability to protect and / or motor functional rehabilitation in each of the groups is determined by a functional test that after 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 weeks explores the locomotion in the open field.
- BBB score Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale
- the quantification is expressed as a statistical mean ( ⁇ SEM) of the value on the BBB scale of each experimental group at each scan time.
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JP2014517850A JP5908582B2 (ja) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | 間葉系幹細胞の処理方法、および酸化ストレス関係病の治療としてのその適用 |
US14/131,049 US9080153B2 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Treatment method for mesenchymal stem cells and their application as a treatment of oxidative stress related diseases |
MX2013014307A MX342200B (es) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Método de tratamiento de células madre mesenquimales y su uso en el tratamiento de enfermedades asociadas a estrés oxidativo. |
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DK11764794.1T DK2730650T3 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Method of Treating Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Use in Treating Oxidative Stress Diseases |
ES11764794.1T ES2620258T3 (es) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Método de tratamiento de células madre mesenquimales y su uso en el tratamiento de enfermedades asociadas con el estrés oxidativo |
PT117647941T PT2730650T (pt) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Método para o processamento de células estaminais mesenquimatosas e utilização das mesmas no tratamento de doenças associadas ao stress oxidativo |
CA2839106A CA2839106C (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | A treatment method for mesenchymal stem cells and their application as a treatment of oxidative stress related diseases |
AU2011372711A AU2011372711B2 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Method for processing mesenchymal stem cells and the use thereof in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress |
BR112013032659-0A BR112013032659B1 (pt) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Método para o tratamento de células-tronco mesenquimais, que compreende a obtenção e o isolamento das células-tronco mesenquimais e a cultura das células em um meio de tratamento; e uso das células |
KR1020137034317A KR101811481B1 (ko) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | 중간엽 줄기세포 처리방법 및 산화적 스트레스 관련 질병 치료에의 그의 용도 |
CN201180072115.6A CN103687940B (zh) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | 用于间充质干细胞的处理方法及其在氧化应激相关疾病治疗中的应用 |
EP11764794.1A EP2730650B1 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Method for processing mesenchymal stem cells and the use thereof in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress |
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Cited By (2)
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CN103789257A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-05-14 | 西南交通大学 | 一种间充质干细胞的定向分化诱导方法 |
CN109674817A (zh) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-26 | 哈尔滨医科大学 | 三氧化二砷在制备治疗晚期动脉粥样硬化药物中的用途 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103789257A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-05-14 | 西南交通大学 | 一种间充质干细胞的定向分化诱导方法 |
CN109674817A (zh) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-26 | 哈尔滨医科大学 | 三氧化二砷在制备治疗晚期动脉粥样硬化药物中的用途 |
CN109674817B (zh) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-06-29 | 哈尔滨医科大学 | 三氧化二砷在制备治疗晚期动脉粥样硬化药物中的用途 |
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CN103687940A (zh) | 2014-03-26 |
PT2730650T (pt) | 2017-03-23 |
CA2839106A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
BR112013032659B1 (pt) | 2021-04-06 |
JP2014520521A (ja) | 2014-08-25 |
KR101811481B1 (ko) | 2017-12-21 |
MX2013014307A (es) | 2014-05-27 |
US20140154221A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
MX342200B (es) | 2016-08-25 |
DK2730650T3 (en) | 2017-04-10 |
EP2730650A1 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
ES2620258T3 (es) | 2017-06-28 |
JP5908582B2 (ja) | 2016-04-26 |
US9080153B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 |
EP2730650B1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CA2839106C (en) | 2018-01-02 |
BR112013032659A2 (pt) | 2017-01-24 |
AU2011372711A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
KR20140148284A (ko) | 2014-12-31 |
AU2011372711B2 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
CN103687940B (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
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