WO2012164781A1 - 回折光学素子およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
回折光学素子およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012164781A1 WO2012164781A1 PCT/JP2012/000985 JP2012000985W WO2012164781A1 WO 2012164781 A1 WO2012164781 A1 WO 2012164781A1 JP 2012000985 W JP2012000985 W JP 2012000985W WO 2012164781 A1 WO2012164781 A1 WO 2012164781A1
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- region
- adjustment layer
- optical element
- optical
- anchor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00269—Fresnel lenses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/0074—Production of other optical elements not provided for in B29D11/00009- B29D11/0073
- B29D11/00769—Producing diffraction gratings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/46—Systems using spatial filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1847—Manufacturing methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1876—Diffractive Fresnel lenses; Zone plates; Kinoforms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a diffractive optical element and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the present invention relates to a diffractive optical element having an optical adjustment layer on the surface of a lens substrate and having reduced wavelength dependency of diffraction efficiency, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a diffractive optical element is an optical element having a large number of grating structures on the surface of a substrate made of an optical material such as glass or resin.
- Diffractive optical elements are used in various optical systems. For example, lenses designed to collect diffracted light of a specific order at one point, spatial low-pass filters, polarizing holograms, etc. are known. Yes.
- a diffractive optical element has a feature that an optical system can be made compact.
- the longer the wavelength of light the greater the diffraction, so it is also possible to improve the chromatic aberration and field curvature of the optical system by combining a diffractive optical element with a refractive optical element. .
- the diffractive optical element described above since the diffraction efficiency ideally depends on the wavelength of light, if the diffractive optical element is designed to optimize the diffraction efficiency with light of a specific wavelength, the other wavelengths Then, it has the subject that diffraction efficiency falls.
- a diffractive optical element is applied to an optical system that uses white light, such as a camera lens, there is a problem that there is a limit to the application of the diffractive optical element alone.
- Patent Document 1 includes a base made of an optical material and provided with a diffraction grating on the surface, and an optical adjustment layer made of an optical material different from the base and covering the diffraction grating.
- a phase difference type diffractive optical element is disclosed.
- phase difference type diffractive optical element when the wavelength of light transmitted through the diffractive optical element is ⁇ and the depth of the diffraction grating is d, the following equation (1) is satisfied, and the m-th order diffraction with respect to the light of wavelength ⁇ Efficiency is 100%.
- m is an integer and represents the diffraction order.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a resin is used as the optical material constituting the base and an ultraviolet curable resin is used as the optical material constituting the optical adjustment layer.
- phase difference type diffractive optical element optimization of optical characteristics is required, but a structure in which a substrate having a different property and an optical adjustment layer are joined to each other is optimal. It is also required to make it.
- Patent Document 1 as a means for improving the adhesion strength, a concentric projection having a diffraction ring zone and an axial center matched is provided in a planar second region surrounding the first region where the diffraction grating is formed, A method is disclosed in which the contact area between the substrate and the optical adjustment layer is increased and the adhesion strength is improved by forming the optical adjustment layer so as to cover the protrusions.
- the present invention provides a diffractive optical element capable of improving the adhesion strength between a substrate and an optical adjustment layer and suppressing cracks caused by separation of the optical adjustment layer from the substrate and separation of the optical adjustment layer, and a method for manufacturing the same. .
- the diffractive optical element of the present invention is made of a first optical material containing a first resin, and is made of a base having a diffraction grating shape on the surface and a second optical material containing a second resin.
- An optical adjustment layer formed on a diffraction grating shape, wherein the base has a first region having the diffraction grating shape on a surface thereof, and a first region located outside the first region.
- the optical adjustment layer is formed so as to cover at least a part of the first region and the second region, and a plurality of anchor grooves are formed in the second region.
- the depth of the outermost anchor groove among the plurality of anchor grooves is shallower than the depth of the innermost anchor groove.
- the anchor groove located on the innermost side is deepest, and the groove located on the outer side is shallower.
- the deepest anchor groove of the plurality of anchor grooves is 0.05 mm or less.
- the plurality of anchor grooves have a concentric shape in which the diffraction grating shape and the axial center are substantially matched.
- a part of the surface of the second region has a planar shape
- the cross-sectional shape of the surface of the optical adjustment layer connects the tip of the diffraction step of the diffraction grating shape in the first region.
- the shape is substantially the same as the envelope, and the second region has a substantially planar shape along the base shape.
- the thickness of the optical adjustment layer is 0.05 mm from the envelope connecting the tips of the diffraction grating-shaped diffraction steps to the surface of the optical adjustment layer along the normal direction.
- the thickness is as follows.
- the first optical material is a low-refractive index high-dispersion material than the second optical material.
- the second optical material is a composite material including a resin and inorganic particles.
- the inorganic particles are mainly composed of at least one oxide of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, alumina, and silica.
- the method for producing a diffractive optical element of the present invention comprises a first optical material containing a first resin, a base having a diffraction grating shape on the surface, and a second optical material containing a second resin,
- a diffractive optical element manufacturing method comprising: an optical adjustment layer formed on the diffraction grating shape of a substrate; and a first region having the diffraction grating shape on a surface thereof and positioned outside the first region.
- a plurality of anchor grooves formed in the second area, and the depth of the anchor groove located on the outermost side among the plurality of anchor grooves is the anchor groove located on the innermost side.
- the raw material of the second optical material has photocurability, and is irradiated with light to cure the raw material of the second optical material.
- the raw material of the second optical material has ultraviolet curable properties, and the raw material of the second optical material is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays.
- the depth of the outermost anchor groove among the plurality of anchor grooves formed in the second region of the base is shallower than the depth of the innermost anchor groove.
- (A) And (b) is a figure which shows the base
- (A)-(c) is a figure which shows another example of the anchor groove
- (A) to (d) is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing a diffractive optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- (A) And (b) is a figure which shows the state of the base
- (A) And (b) is a figure which shows the state of the base
- the inventor of the present application examines in detail the cracks generated in the optical adjustment layer in the diffractive optical element in which the optical adjustment layer made of a composite material is formed on the surface of the base having a diffraction grating shape.
- the film peeling was examined in detail.
- the optical adjustment layer is formed so as to cover the first region having the diffraction grating shape formed on the surface of the substrate and a part of the second region surrounding the first region, the planar portion of the second region It was found that the cracks of the optical adjustment layer starting from the above and the interface peeling between the substrate and the optical adjustment layer occurring at the end of the first region occur with high probability.
- the present inventor has conceived the diffractive optical element described below.
- a plurality of anchor grooves were formed in the flat portion of the second region, and the optical adjustment layer was deposited so as to cover the anchor grooves in the first region and the second region.
- the adhesion strength between the substrate and the optical adjustment layer is improved by the effect of the anchor groove, and peeling of the optical adjustment layer in the second region can be prevented.
- the improvement in adhesion strength can be effective as a countermeasure against cracks because it can suppress the fine movement of the interface of the optical adjustment layer in the second region.
- (Embodiment 1) 1 and 2 are views showing a base 1 of a diffractive optical element according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A is a top view of the base 1 on which the diffraction grating 2 and the anchor grooves 3 are formed
- FIG. 1B is a side sectional view of the base 1.
- the base 1 made of the first optical material containing the first resin includes a diffraction grating 2 and an anchor groove 3 on the surface thereof.
- the diffraction grating 2 and the anchor groove 3 are formed so that the formation axis center 4 is substantially coincident.
- the first region 5 having the diffraction grating 2 formed on the surface has a convex cross-sectional shape having a lens action.
- a plurality of anchor grooves 3 are formed in a second region 6 that is located outside the first region 5 and has a planar shape surrounding the first region 5.
- region 5 is made into convex shape, this invention is not limited to this, A concave shape may be sufficient.
- the shape of the anchor groove 3 is, for example, a concentric shape in which the diffraction grating 2 formed in the first region 5 and the axial center are substantially coincident with each other, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the anchor groove 3 has a shape recessed with respect to the planar shape of the second region 6 of the base 1.
- the base body 1 does not have a shape that protrudes from the planar shape in the second region 6.
- the relationship of the formula (2) is established between the second optical material and the depth d of the diffraction grating in the entire wavelength region to be used, and is sufficient as an optical element. Any material having translucency can be used.
- the first optical material constituting the substrate 1 in Embodiment 1 contains a resin.
- the material containing the resin is used as the first optical material when considering mold molding that can be expected to be most productive in the production of lenses.
- the durability of the mold is higher than that of the resin. This is because the substrate 1 having a diffraction grating shape is not easily manufactured because it is greatly deteriorated, whereas a material containing a resin can be applied to a manufacturing method with high mass productivity such as injection molding.
- the material including the resin can be easily micro-processed by molding or other processing methods, it is easy to cope with a change in the pitch of the diffraction grating 2 or the shape of the diffraction step (not shown). There is. It is also advantageous for reducing the size and weight of the diffractive optical element.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion A shown in FIG. 1 (b), and shows details of the anchor groove 3.
- the case where the number of anchor grooves is three will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the three anchor grooves 3 are represented as D1, D2, and D3 from the side close to the first region 5 (that is, the inner peripheral side), respectively.
- the depth of the anchor groove D3 located on the outermost side is shallower than the depth of the anchor groove D1 located on the innermost side.
- the anchor grooves D1, D2, and D3 are all different in depth.
- the depth of the groove is such that the innermost anchor groove D1 is the deepest, the outermost anchor groove D3 is the shallowest, and the intermediate anchor groove D2 is an intermediate depth thereof, so that the grooves located on the outer peripheral side gradually.
- the structure is shallower.
- the anchor groove 3 When the anchor groove 3 is filled with the optical adjustment layer 9 (FIG. 5), the contact area between the substrate 1 and the optical adjustment layer 9 is increased, and the adhesion strength is improved. Therefore, it is preferable that the optical adjustment layer 9 is filled in the anchor groove without any gap.
- the inventors of the present application examined in detail the relationship between the shape of the anchor groove 3 and the amount of penetration of the optical adjustment layer 9.
- the optical adjustment layer 9 is sufficiently extended to the anchor groove 3 on the outer peripheral side by adopting a configuration in which the anchor groove 3 close to the first region 5 side is deep and gradually becomes shallow toward the outer peripheral side. It was found that can be filled.
- the depth of the anchor groove D1 was 0.01 mm
- the anchor groove D2 was 0.0075 mm
- the anchor groove D3 was 0.005 mm.
- the depth of the deepest anchor groove D1 is preferably 0.05 mm or less, and in this example, it is 0.01 mm.
- the anchor groove D1 was formed at a position 0.01 mm away from the interface 7 with respect to the interface 7 between the first region 5 and the second region 6 as the formation pitch between the grooves.
- the distance between the anchor grooves D1 and D2 and the distance between the anchor grooves D2 and D3 were each formed at a pitch of 0.025 mm (the dimensions are shown).
- Each of the anchor grooves 3 formed this time has a groove shape in which only one side is inclined at 40 °.
- the number of anchor grooves is three, and the grooves have a right-angled triangular cross section.
- the same effect can be obtained with two to five grooves.
- the width of the opening 8 is set to 0.05 mm or less. Is desirable.
- the width of the opening 8 is preferably set to 0.005 mm or more.
- 3 (a) to 3 (c) are views showing an anchor groove having a shape different from the cross-sectional shape described above as another example of the anchor groove 3 described above.
- FIG. 3A shows an anchor groove 20 having a cross-sectional shape approximating an inverted equilateral triangle in which two sides inclined in the depth direction intersect. Even in this configuration, the same adhesion strength as described above can be obtained.
- FIG. 3B shows an anchor groove 24 having a quadrangular cross-sectional shape having standing walls 22 and 23 of approximately 90 ° with respect to the flat surface 21. Even in this configuration, the same adhesion strength as described above can be obtained.
- FIG. 3C shows an anchor groove 25 having a curved cross section having a predetermined curvature. Even in this configuration, the same adhesion strength as described above can be obtained.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an experimental result in which the formation depths of the plurality of anchor grooves 3 are mutually changed.
- the optical adjustment layer 9 was formed using the base 1 having three anchor groove depths of 0.016 mm, and the optical adjustment layer 9 after film formation was peeled off from the base 1 and inverted, and the tip of the protrusion was formed from the bottom. (The amount of penetration into the anchor groove 3) was measured with a laser microscope. As a result, only the anchor groove D1 on the first region 5 side is filled to a height equivalent to the groove formation depth, and the optical adjustment layer 9 has penetrated to the bottom end of the anchor groove D1 and has been cured. I understand.
- the intrusion amounts into the anchor grooves gradually decreased to 0.015 mm and 0.014 mm, respectively, and the anchor grooves were not completely filled.
- the adhesion strength in the anchor grooves D2 and D3 is inferior to the anchor groove D1. Conceivable.
- the depth of the anchor groove is made shallower toward the outer peripheral side and the insufficient amount of penetration is eliminated.
- FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the diffractive optical element 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical adjustment layer 9 is film-formed on the base 1 having the diffraction grating 2 and the anchor groove 3 so as to cover at least a part of the first region 5 and the second region 6 using a mold described later. is there.
- the optical adjustment layer 9 in the second region 6 was film-formed by weighing the raw material of the optical adjustment layer 9 so as to completely fill the anchor groove 3.
- the surface of the optical adjustment layer 9 has an aspherical shape equivalent to the envelope connecting the tips of the diffraction steps of the diffraction grating 2, and the surface of the optical adjustment layer 9 is formed by transferring the mold shape. Is done.
- the length from the envelope to the surface of the optical adjustment layer 9 along the normal direction (the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 9) is 0.03 mm or less.
- the film thickness is preferably not less than the depth of the diffraction grating step and not more than 0.1 mm, particularly not more than 0.05 mm.
- the surface of the optical adjustment layer 9 has a substantially planar shape along the substrate shape.
- the material constituting the optical adjustment layer 9 is a material that satisfies the relationship of the formula (2) and has sufficient translucency at a set film thickness.
- the second optical material constituting the optical adjustment layer 9 in Embodiment 1 a composite material in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a resin is used. Thereby, the refractive index and Abbe number of the second optical material can be adjusted.
- the second optical material having the adjusted appropriate refractive index and Abbe number for the optical adjustment layer 9 can be improved.
- the second optical material can have a high refractive index that cannot be achieved by the resin alone.
- the second optical material is It is preferable to adjust the refractive index and wavelength dispersibility to be higher than those of one optical material because more materials can be selected as the inorganic particles.
- the first optical material preferably has a lower refractive index and higher wavelength dispersion than the second optical material.
- the second optical material made of the composite material when used as the optical adjustment layer 9, the second optical material has a higher refractive index than the first optical material and has a lower wavelength than the first optical material. It is necessary to have dispersibility. For this reason, the inorganic particles dispersed in the second resin are also preferably composed mainly of a material having a low wavelength dispersibility, that is, a high Abbe number.
- the main component is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of a number (.76) and silica (Abbe number: .68). Moreover, you may use these complex oxides.
- inorganic particles exhibiting a high refractive index represented by titanium oxide, zinc oxide and the like May coexist.
- an acrylic resin such as a polycarbonate resin, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or an alicyclic acrylic resin, an alicyclic olefin resin, or the like is selected. Is preferable in that it is excellent. These resins may be copolymerized with other resins for the purpose of improving moldability, mechanical properties, etc., alloyed with other resins, or blended with other resins. Two or more kinds of resins may be included as well as the resin.
- a (meth) acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, acrylate, methacrylate, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate or the like can be used.
- epoxy resin; oxetane resin; ene-thiol resin may be used, and polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate and polycaprolactone may be used.
- polystyrene resins such as polystyrene; olefin resins such as polypropylene; polyamide resins such as nylon; polyimide resins such as polyimide and polyetherimide; polyvinyl alcohol; butyral resin; vinyl acetate resin; it can.
- a mixture or copolymer of these resins may be used, or a knitted product of these resins may be used.
- FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D are views showing a method for manufacturing a diffractive optical element according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a state where the raw material 10 of the optical adjustment layer 9 is dropped on the mold 11.
- a predetermined amount of the raw material 10 of the optical adjustment layer 9 is dropped onto the curved portion 12 of the mold 11 that regulates the surface shape of the optical adjustment layer 9.
- it is desirable that the raw material 10 is dropped at the center of the curved portion 12.
- the raw material 10 can be applied to the substrate 1.
- the shape of the curved portion 12 is a shape corresponding to the convex lens shape of the diffractive optical element 100.
- the mold shape is also changed to a shape in accordance with the lens shape.
- a solvent for example, when polycarbonate is used for the substrate 1, an alcohol solvent typified by methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol and the like can be used.
- glycol solvents such as ethylene glycol and methyl cellosolve, and solvents such as water can also be used.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a state in which the base 1 shown in FIG. The formation surface of the diffraction grating 2 and the anchor groove 3 of the substrate 1 is opposed to the raw material 10 side of the optical adjustment layer 9. Thereafter, the base 1 is faced down in the direction of the mold 11, and the base 1 is brought into close contact with the base contact surfaces 13 and 14 of the mold 11.
- the base 1 is faced down in the direction of the mold 11, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the raw material 10 of the optical adjustment layer 9 is dropped onto the mold 11, but even if it is dropped onto the diffraction grating 2 forming surface of the substrate 1, it can be produced in the same process.
- FIG. 6C is a diagram showing a process of curing the raw material 10 of the optical adjustment layer 9.
- the raw material 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays 16 from the light source 15 through the base 1 and cured.
- the raw material 10 has photocurability, for example, and can be hardened by irradiating light.
- the raw material 10 has ultraviolet curability and is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
- die 11 may be formed with the material which permeate
- the raw material 10 is hardened by irradiating the raw material 10 through the metal mold
- the raw material 10 is thermosetting, it heats and hardens.
- FIG. 6D shows the completed diffractive optical element 100.
- the mold 11 is opened and the base body 1 is taken out.
- the optical adjustment layer whose curvature is regulated by the mold 11 9 is completed.
- this inventor produced the diffractive optical element with the above-mentioned manufacturing method using the base
- the completed diffractive optical element was confirmed with an optical microscope, it was confirmed that light entered the vicinity of the portion where the convex portion was formed and appeared to shine. This is because the raw material 10 is cured in a state where the raw material 10 is not sufficiently filled around the convex portion or between the convex portion and the convex portion. That is, the adhesion between the optical adjustment layer and the substrate is insufficient. Further, in the diffractive optical element manufactured using the substrate provided with the convex portions, cracks occurred in the optical adjustment layer at a high probability during manufacture. In such a diffractive optical element, it was also confirmed that the end of the optical adjustment layer was floating.
- FIG. 15 shows a photograph taken from above of a diffractive optical element manufactured using a substrate provided with convex portions. The materials used are the same as those described later. It can be seen that large cracks 159 are generated in the optical adjustment layer.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a flow 10a of the raw material 10 when the base body 1 provided with the convex portions 3a instead of the concave anchor grooves 3 is brought into contact with the mold 11.
- the raw material 10 sandwiched and pressed between the base 1 and the mold 11 flows along the mold 11 from the inside toward the outside.
- the flow 10a is blocked at the tip of the convex portion 3a, and the raw material 10 is hardly filled between the convex portion 3a and the convex portion 3a. Therefore, the raw material 10 is not sufficiently filled between the convex portions 3 a and the convex portions 3 a, and is in a floating state with respect to the base body 1.
- the adhesion strength between the substrate 1 and the optical adjustment layer 9 is lowered.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing a flow 10b of the raw material 10 when the base body 1 provided with the concave anchor grooves 3 is brought into contact with the mold 11.
- FIG. The raw material 10 sandwiched and pressed between the base 1 and the mold 11 flows along the mold 11 from the inside toward the outside.
- the anchor groove 3 is a concave portion
- the flow of the raw material 10 is not blocked unlike the convex portion 3a (FIG. 7).
- the raw material 10 that flows smoothly is easily filled into the anchor groove 3. It is also considered that the raw material 10 is more reliably filled into the anchor groove 3 due to capillary action.
- the adhesion strength between the base 1 and the optical adjustment layer 9 can be increased.
- Polycarbonate resin (d-line refractive index 1.585, Abbe number 28) was used as the resin constituting the substrate 1.
- a resin obtained by dispersing a zirconium oxide filler in an acrylate resin (d-line refractive index 1.600, Abbe number 33) was used.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional shape of the diffractive optical element 30.
- the base 31 and the optical adjustment layer 33 are in close contact with each other in the second region 32 of the base 31.
- the base 31 and the optical adjustment layer 33 in the second region 32 are peeled off at the interface 34 due to the difference in thermal shrinkage between the materials.
- This phenomenon affects not only the second region 32 but also the interface between the diffraction grating 36 formed on the surface of the first region 35 and the optical adjustment layer 33. The influence starts from the diffraction grating 37 adjacent to the second region 32 and proceeds toward the center of the first region 35.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an evaluation of the transition of the number of film separations that occurred when two samples having a total of 37 diffraction gratings formed on the substrate 31 were cast in a high temperature environment.
- the horizontal axis represents the standing time
- the vertical axis represents the number of film peeling
- the data for 0 hours of standing is the number of film peeling before the standing test.
- the film peeling before the standing test is stable to the extent that it does not affect the performance, although several films are peeled off in both samples.
- it was put in a high temperature environment it was allowed to stand for 2 hours, and interface peeling was observed in 70% to 80% of the diffraction ring zones of the substrate.
- Such peeling affects the image quality.
- an image is taken, a low-quality image in which contrast is enhanced with white being enhanced over the entire screen is obtained.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram in which the state of the substrate 31 and the optical adjustment layer 33 in the second region 32 is evaluated with a laser microscope.
- FIG. 11A shows a state before the standing test
- FIG. 11B shows a state after being left for 24 hours. Furthermore, the measurement location is obtained by evaluating the portion B in FIG. 9, reference numeral 38 indicates the surface of the substrate, and reference numeral 39 indicates the surface of the optical adjustment layer.
- the inclined portion 40 is the surface of the optical adjustment layer in the first region 35.
- the substrate surface 38 and the optical adjustment layer surface 39 are substantially parallel, and the substrate surface is in close contact even when the substrate surface 38 is flat. .
- the optical adjustment layer surface 39 is warped by about 0.019 mm, and it can be recognized that it has peeled off at the interface with the substrate surface 38. Furthermore, it is considered that if the stress balance is significantly lost during this film peeling process, it will lead to cracks.
- FIGS. 12 to 14 are diagrams showing the results of a similar test performed on the diffractive optical element 50 having the anchor groove specification described in detail in the first embodiment.
- the configuration of the diffractive optical element 50 is the same as that of the diffractive optical element 100.
- FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional shape of the diffractive optical element 50.
- the anchor groove 53 described in detail with reference to FIG. 2 is formed at the interface with the optical adjustment layer 54.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing an evaluation of the transition of the number of film peeling. Although an increase in the number of film peelings of about 1 to 3 was observed after standing for 24 hours, it was confirmed that the film peeling was significantly suppressed compared to the results shown in FIG. Moreover, if it is this grade, it will not affect imaging performance directly.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram in which the state of the base 51 and the optical adjustment layer 54 in the second region 52 is evaluated with a laser microscope.
- FIG. 14A shows the state before the standing test
- FIG. 14B shows the state after 24 hours.
- Reference numeral 58 indicates the surface of the substrate
- reference numeral 55 indicates the surface of the optical adjustment layer. A remarkable difference is observed between the state after standing for 24 hours in FIG. 14B and the state in FIG.
- FIG. 14B when the optical adjustment layer surface 55 is watched, the tip 56 of the optical adjustment layer 54 is warped up by a little less than 0.005 mm, but the anchor groove forming surface 57 is parallel to the substrate surface 58.
- FIG. 14 (a) shows a well-adhered state that does not change compared to before the standing test. That is, it can be determined that the base and the optical adjustment layer are firmly adhered to each other in the anchor groove portion.
- the diffractive optical element in which the anchor groove of the present invention is formed has a useful structure as a measure against film peeling and cracking.
- Example 1 As a specific example of the present invention, a substrate 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was produced.
- the base 1 was produced by injection-molding the first optical material using a polycarbonate resin (d-line refractive index 1.585, Abbe number 28) as the first resin of the first optical material constituting the base 1.
- a polycarbonate resin d-line refractive index 1.585, Abbe number 28
- the groove depth of the anchor groove D1 was 0.01 mm
- the groove depth of the anchor groove D2 was 0.075 mm
- the groove depth of the anchor groove D3 was 0.005 mm.
- the anchor groove D1 was formed at a position away from the interface 7 by 0.01 mm with respect to the interface 7 between the first region 5 and the second region 6 as the formation pitch between the grooves.
- the distance between the anchor grooves D1 and D2 and the distance between the anchor grooves D2 and D3 were each formed at a pitch of 0.025 mm (the dimensions are shown).
- the anchor groove 3 formed this time has a groove shape in which only one side is inclined at 40 °.
- An optical adjustment layer 9 in which a zirconium oxide filler was dispersed in an ultraviolet curable resin was formed on the substrate 1 by molding.
- an acrylate resin d-line refractive index 1.600, Abbe number 33 was used.
- the optical adjustment layer 9 was filled in the anchor groove 3 without any gap, and the substrate 1 and the optical adjustment layer 9 showed good adhesion strength.
- Comparative Example 1 A diffractive optical element of Comparative Example 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the depths of the three anchor grooves are aligned to 0.016 mm.
- the optical adjustment layer was formed using a base having three anchor groove depths of 0.016 mm, and the optical adjustment layer after film formation was peeled off from the base and turned upside down, so that the height from the bottom to the tip of the protrusion The amount of penetration into the anchor groove was measured with a laser microscope.
- the intrusion amounts into the anchor grooves gradually decreased to 0.015 mm and 0.014 mm, respectively, and the anchor grooves were not completely filled.
- the adhesion strength in the anchor grooves D2 and D3 is inferior to the anchor groove D1. Conceivable.
- the present invention is particularly useful in the field of diffractive optical elements and manufacturing methods thereof.
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Abstract
Description
図1および図2は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る回折光学素子の基体1を示す図である。
図6(a)から図6(d)は、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る回折光学素子の製造方法を示す図である。
本発明の具体的な一例として、図1および図2に示す基体1を作製した。
実施例1と同様の方法により、比較例1の回折光学素子を作製した。実施例1との差異は、3本のアンカー溝の深さを0.016mmに揃えたことである。
2、36 回折格子
3、53、D1、D2、D3 アンカー溝
3a 凸部
4 軸中心
5、35 第1領域
6、32、52 第2領域
7 界面
8 開口部
9、33、54 光学調整層
10 光学調整層の原料
10a、10b 光学調整層の原料の流れ
11 金型
12 湾曲部
13、14 基体当接面
15 光源
16 紫外線
20 逆正三角形に近似した形状のアンカー溝
21 平坦面
22 立ち壁
23 立ち壁
24 四角形のアンカー溝
25 曲面のアンカー溝
30、50、100 回折光学素子
34 平面
37 第2領域に近接する回折格子
38、58 基体表面
39、55 光学調整層表面
40 傾斜部
56 光学調整層の先端
57 アンカー溝形成面
Claims (12)
- 第1の樹脂を含む第1の光学材料からなり、表面に回折格子形状を有する基体と、
第2の樹脂を含む第2の光学材料からなり、前記基体の前記回折格子形状上に形成された光学調整層と、
を有する回折光学素子であって、
前記基体は、表面に前記回折格子形状を有する第1領域と、前記第1領域よりも外側に位置する第2領域とを有し、
前記光学調整層は、前記第1領域と、前記第2領域の少なくとも一部とを覆うように形成されており、
前記第2領域には、複数のアンカー溝が形成されており、
前記複数のアンカー溝のうち最も外側に位置するアンカー溝の深さは、最も内側に位置するアンカー溝の深さよりも浅い、回折光学素子。 - 前記複数のアンカー溝の中で、前記最も内側に位置するアンカー溝が最も深く、外側に位置する溝ほど浅くなっている、請求項1に記載の回折光学素子。
- 前記複数のアンカー溝のうち最も深いアンカー溝の深さは0.05mm以下である、請求項1または2に記載の回折光学素子。
- 前記複数のアンカー溝は、前記回折格子形状と軸中心を略合致させた同心円形状である、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の回折光学素子。
- 前記第2領域の表面の一部は平面形状であり、
前記光学調整層の表面の断面形状は、前記第1領域においては前記回折格子形状の回折段差の先端を結ぶ包絡線と略同一形状であり、前記第2領域においては前記基体形状に沿った略平面形状である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の回折光学素子。 - 前記光学調整層の厚さは、前記回折格子形状の回折段差の先端を結ぶ包絡線から法線方向に沿った前記光学調整層の表面までの長さが0.05mm以下となる厚さである、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の回折光学素子。
- 前記第1の光学材料は、前記第2の光学材料よりも低屈折率高分散材料である、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の回折光学素子。
- 前記第2の光学材料は、樹脂と無機粒子とを含むコンポジット材料である、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の回折光学素子。
- 前記無機粒子は、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化イットリウム、酸化ランタン、アルミナおよびシリカのうちの少なくとも1種類の酸化物を主成分とする、請求項8に記載の回折光学素子。
- 第1の樹脂を含む第1の光学材料からなり、表面に回折格子形状を有する基体と、第2の樹脂を含む第2の光学材料からなり、前記基体の前記回折格子形状上に形成された光学調整層と、を有する回折光学素子の製造方法であって、
表面に前記回折格子形状を有する第1領域と前記第1領域よりも外側に位置する第2領域とを有し、前記第2領域には複数のアンカー溝が形成されており、前記複数のアンカー溝のうち最も外側に位置するアンカー溝の深さは、最も内側に位置するアンカー溝の深さよりも浅い基体を準備する工程と、
前記基体に前記第2の光学材料を被着するための金型に前記第2の光学材料の原料を滴下する工程と、
前記第2の光学材料を挟み込むように前記基体と前記金型とを密着させる工程と、
前記基体と前記金型とを密着させた状態で前記第2の光学材料の原料を硬化させる工程と、
を包含する、回折光学素子の製造方法。 - 前記第2の光学材料の原料は光硬化性を有し、
光を照射して前記第2の光学材料の原料を硬化させる、請求項10に記載の回折光学素子の製造方法。 - 前記第2の光学材料の原料は紫外線硬化性を有し、
紫外線を照射して前記第2の光学材料の原料を硬化させる、請求項10に記載の回折光学素子の製造方法。
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US13/805,482 US9291753B2 (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2012-02-15 | Diffraction optical element and production method therefor |
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JP2021170081A (ja) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 回折光学素子、光学系及び光学機器 |
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JP6486042B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-12 | 2019-03-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 積層型の回折光学素子 |
CN108303835B (zh) * | 2018-02-27 | 2021-04-09 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | 结构光投射器及其控制方法、深度相机和电子装置 |
CN109304539A (zh) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-05 | 英诺激光科技股份有限公司 | 一种具有任意曲面、用于相差校正的光学器件的间接制作方法 |
US11448918B2 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2022-09-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Grating device, screen including the grating device, method of manufacturing the screen and display apparatus for augmented reality and/or virtual reality including the screen |
CN110609341B (zh) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | 消色差透镜、光学模组及vr佩戴设备 |
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