WO2012160876A1 - コアレス電流センサ構造体、コアレス電流センサ及び電流検知方法 - Google Patents
コアレス電流センサ構造体、コアレス電流センサ及び電流検知方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012160876A1 WO2012160876A1 PCT/JP2012/058923 JP2012058923W WO2012160876A1 WO 2012160876 A1 WO2012160876 A1 WO 2012160876A1 JP 2012058923 W JP2012058923 W JP 2012058923W WO 2012160876 A1 WO2012160876 A1 WO 2012160876A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
- G01R15/207—Constructional details independent of the type of device used
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coreless current sensor structure, a coreless current sensor, and a current detection method.
- JP 2010-045874 A Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-045874 (hereinafter referred to as “JP 2010-045874 A”) ⁇ .
- the coreless current sensor 40 is used to control the inverter 41 that controls the output of the three-phase AC motor 39.
- the output voltages Vuv1 and Vvw1 are corrected so that the phase lag and gain error included in the output voltages Vuv1 and Vvw1 are eliminated by the influence of the residual magnetic flux generated by the shield plate 53 included in the coreless current sensor 40,
- the inverter 41 is controlled based on the corrected output voltages Vuv and Vvw corrected and the command value input from the outside (summary).
- the correction of the output voltages Vuv1 and Vvw1 here defines the relationship between the command currents id1 and iq1 and the rotation speed ⁇ of the rotor of the motor 39 and the correction values (gain correction values A1 and B1, phase correction values A2 and B2). This is performed using the map 5 ⁇ FIG. 2 (a) to FIG. 2 (d) ⁇ (paragraphs [0030] to [0038]).
- the output voltages Vuv1 and Vvw1 are corrected using the map 8 (FIG. 6) that defines the relationship between the current position ⁇ [°] of the motor 39 and the correction value (paragraphs [0043] to [0045]). .
- JP042010-045874 A in order to reduce the influence of magnetic flux generated in the shield plate 53 (phase delay and gain error included in the output voltages Vuv1 and Vvw1), the rotation speed ⁇ and the position ⁇ are set. A correction value map is used. For this reason, if the map of the correction value is not held, the output voltages Vuv1 and Vvw1 cannot be corrected, and the load is heavy, for example, the memory capacity and the need to acquire data in advance.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a coreless current sensor structure, a coreless current sensor, and a current detection capable of suppressing a decrease in response (phase delay) due to magnetic flux with a simple configuration. It aims to provide a method.
- the coreless current sensor structure includes a magnetic sensing element that detects a magnetic flux generated from a current path and performs voltage conversion, and is disposed around the magnetic sensing element, and receives a magnetic flux from the outside to the magnetic sensing element.
- a coiled portion surrounding the outer periphery of the shield plate is formed by a connection line to be connected, and the current value is calculated based on a voltage between terminals of the magnetic sensing element.
- the coiled portion surrounding the outer periphery of the shield plate is formed by the connection line connected to the terminal of the magnetic detection element. For this reason, for example, it is possible to add the counter electromotive voltage to the output voltage of the magnetic sensing element by generating a counter electromotive voltage corresponding to a change in the magnetic flux generated in the shield plate in the coiled portion.
- the response delay of the output voltage of the magnetic sensing element generated with respect to the change of the current due to the delay of the change of the magnetic flux in the shield plate with respect to the change of the current flowing through the current path is reversed. If the coiled portion is formed on the outer periphery of the shield plate so as to compensate for the electromotive voltage, the response delay of the output voltage can be compensated by the counter electromotive voltage. As a result, the response delay of the output voltage ⁇ decrease in response due to magnetic flux (phase delay) ⁇ can be compensated with a simple configuration.
- the coiled portion surrounds the outer periphery of the shield plate in the direction in which the back electromotive voltage increases in the direction in which the output voltage increases, the response delay of the output voltage is increased as necessary. It becomes possible.
- connection line in which the coiled portion is formed is an output line whose voltage value changes according to the voltage conversion, and the magnetic sensing element is positive by the magnetic flux generated from the current path.
- connection line is a ground line
- the coiled portion is configured to identify the second specific portion of the shield plate when the magnetic sensing element outputs a positive voltage value due to the magnetic flux generated from the current path.
- the second specific part may be wound clockwise from the magnetic detection element side of the ground line toward the output end.
- the coreless current sensor outputs a magnetic sensing element that converts magnetic flux generated from a current path into a voltage, a conductor disposed around the magnetic sensing element, and an output voltage of the magnetic sensing element to the outside.
- a wire having a coiled portion surrounding the conductor, and the conductor generates an eddy current due to a magnetic flux generated from the current path, and the current path is generated by the generation of the eddy current.
- the change of the current is caused by the delay of the change of the magnetic flux with respect to the change of the current, the wiring is arranged at a position where the change of the magnetic flux detected by the magnetic sensing element is delayed with respect to the change of the flowing current.
- serial coiled portion In order to compensate for the response delay of the output voltage of the magnetic sensing element generated with respect to the back electromotive force of the coiled portion generated in a direction that prevents the change of magnetic flux in the conductor, Wherein the serial coiled portion are disposed.
- the coil shape is compensated by the back electromotive force of the part. Therefore, the phase shift (response delay) can be suppressed with a simple configuration.
- the current detection method outputs a magnetic detection element that converts magnetic flux generated from a current path into a voltage, a conductor disposed around the magnetic detection element, and an output voltage of the magnetic detection element to the outside.
- a coreless current sensor comprising a wiring having a coiled portion surrounding the periphery of the conductor, an eddy current is generated in the conductor by a magnetic flux generated from the current path, and by the generation of the eddy current
- the conductor is disposed at a position where a delay occurs in the change in the magnetic flux detected by the magnetic sensing element with respect to the change in the current flowing through the current path, and the reverse occurs in a direction that prevents the change in the magnetic flux generated in the conductor.
- An electromotive voltage is generated in the coiled portion, and a current waveform of the current path and an output waveform of the magnetic sensing element due to a delay in the change of the magnetic flux with respect to the change of the current, The phase shift between, and for compensating the counter electromotive voltage of the conductor.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the coreless current sensor according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view simply showing the configuration of the coreless current sensor taken along the line IIB-IIB in FIG. 2A. is there.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a state in which a positive current flows through the bus bar in the coreless current sensor according to the comparative example
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 3A. It is a figure which shows the mode of the eddy current in the shield board of FIG.
- the relationship between the current flowing through the bus bar (bus bar current), the output voltage (element voltage) of the magnetic sensing element, the counter electromotive voltage generated in the shield plate, and the error due to the delay in response of the element voltage to the bus bar current is a figure which shows an example.
- 6A is a plan view showing a state in which a negative current flows through the bus bar in the coreless current sensor according to the comparative example
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIB-VIB in FIG. 6A. It is a figure which shows the mode of the eddy current in the shield board of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 8A is a plan view showing a state in which a positive current flows through the bus bar in the coreless current sensor according to the embodiment
- FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIIB-VIIIB in FIG. 8A.
- FIG. 10A is a plan view showing a state in which a negative current is passed through the bus bar in the coreless current sensor according to the embodiment
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XB-XB in FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 2A It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the winding
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electric vehicle 10 (hereinafter also referred to as “vehicle 10”) equipped with coreless current sensors 20u, 20v, and 20w according to this embodiment.
- the coreless current sensors 20u, 20v, and 20w are also referred to as “current sensors 20u, 20v, and 20w”, and are collectively referred to as “coreless current sensor 20” or “current sensor 20”.
- the vehicle 10 includes a travel motor 12 (hereinafter also referred to as “motor 12”), an inverter 14, a battery 16, a power circuit 18, a resolver 22, and an electronic control device 24 (hereinafter referred to as “ECU 24”). ").
- the motor 12 is a three-phase AC brushless type, and generates a driving force F [N] (or torque [N ⁇ m]) of the vehicle 10 based on electric power supplied from the battery 16 via the power circuit 18 and the inverter 14. Generate. Further, the motor 12 outputs the electric power (regenerative power Preg) [W] generated by performing regeneration to the battery 16 or an auxiliary device (not shown) to charge the battery 16 or drive the auxiliary device.
- F [N] or torque [N ⁇ m]
- the motor 12 outputs the electric power (regenerative power Preg) [W] generated by performing regeneration to the battery 16 or an auxiliary device (not shown) to charge the battery 16 or drive the auxiliary device.
- the inverter 14 has a three-phase full-bridge configuration, converts the direct current from the battery 16 into a three-phase alternating current and supplies it to the motor 12, while the direct current after the alternating current / direct current conversion accompanying the regenerative operation is supplied to the battery 16. Or supplied to the auxiliary machine.
- Upper switching elements 30u, 30v, and 30w (hereinafter collectively referred to as “upper switching element 30”) and lower switching elements 32u, 32v, and 32w (hereinafter collectively referred to as “lower switching element 32”) from the inverter 24.
- the three-phase AC motor 12 is rotated by turning on and off in a predetermined order according to the drive signal.
- an antiparallel diode is provided corresponding to each of the upper switching element 30 and the lower switching element 32, the illustration is omitted in FIG.
- inverter 14 As a more detailed configuration and operation of the inverter 14, for example, the one described in JP IV-045874A can be used.
- the battery 16 is a power storage device (energy storage) including a plurality of battery cells.
- a lithium ion secondary battery a nickel hydrogen battery, a capacitor, or the like can be used.
- a lithium ion secondary battery is used.
- a DC / DC converter (not shown) may be provided between the inverter 14 and the battery 16 to boost or step down the output voltage of the battery 16 or the output voltage of the motor 12.
- the power supply circuit 18 includes a relay switch 34 and bus bars 36u, 36v, and 36w (hereinafter collectively referred to as “bus bar 36”).
- the relay switch 34 is a normally open type on / off switch used when the vehicle 10 performs normal operation (power running or regeneration), and is disposed between the positive electrode side of the battery 16 and the inverter 14.
- the bus bars 36u, 36v, and 36w are plate-like copper wires that connect the connection points 38u, 38v, and 38w between the upper switching elements 30u, 30v, and 30w and the lower switching elements 32u, 32v, and 32w and the motor 12.
- the upper switching element 30 and the lower switching element 32 of the inverter 14 are turned on and off in a predetermined order. Along with this, the direction of the current flowing through each bus bar 36 is sequentially reversed.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the coreless current sensor 20 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view simply showing the configuration of the coreless current sensor 20 taken along the line IIB-IIB in FIG. 2A. It is.
- the current sensor 20 includes a printed circuit board 50 arranged in parallel with the bus bar 36, a magnetic detection element 52 provided on the printed circuit board 50, a lower surface parallel to the bus bar 36, and the lower surface. And a shield plate 54 having a left surface and a right surface perpendicular to each other.
- the magnetic detection element 52 detects the magnetic flux ⁇ 1 generated from the bus bar 36 and performs voltage conversion. In other words, the magnetic detection element 52 outputs a voltage corresponding to the magnetic flux ⁇ 1 (hereinafter referred to as “element voltage Ve”). Since the magnetic flux ⁇ 1 is proportional to the current flowing through the bus bar 36 (hereinafter referred to as “bus bar current Ib”) [A], the element voltage Ve represents the bus bar current Ib.
- the output voltage (element voltage Ve) of the magnetic detection element 52 is output to the ECU 24 via a printed wiring 60 (connection line) formed on the printed board 50.
- the magnetic detection element 52 for example, any one of a Hall element, a magnetoresistive element, and a Hall IC (IC: Integrated Circuit) in which the Hall element and an amplifier circuit are combined can be used.
- the shield plate 54 prevents disturbance noise from entering the magnetic detection element 52 and surrounds the bus bar 36 from three directions (downward and left-right directions in FIG. 2B).
- the shield plate 54 is made of a material that can easily pass magnetism, such as permalloy. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 2B, even if the disturbance noise NZ is generated toward the magnetic detection element 52, the disturbance noise NZ passes through the shield plate 54, so that the disturbance noise NZ Will not reach. Therefore, the magnetic detection element 52 can be protected from the disturbance noise NZ by the shield plate 54.
- the printed wiring 60 includes an output line 62 and a ground line 64. Both the output line 62 and the ground line 64 are connected to the terminal of the magnetic detection element 52 and the input terminal of the ECU 24.
- the output line 62 includes a turn wiring 66 (coiled portion) formed in a coil shape surrounding the shield plate 54.
- the output responsiveness of the current sensor 20 can be improved (details will be described later).
- the overlapping portions of the turn wirings 66 are separated from each other through a through hole 68 so that the printed circuit board 50 has a two-layer structure and is not in electrical contact with each other.
- the resolver 22 detects an electrical angle ⁇ , which is a rotation angle of an output shaft (not shown) of the motor 12 or the outer rotor, and outputs it to the ECU 24.
- ECU 24 controls each part of the vehicle 10 via the signal wire
- the ECU 24 performs analog / digital conversion on the output voltage (element voltage Ve) from each current sensor 20 so that it can be processed as a current value (bus bar current Ib) inside the ECU 24.
- each current sensor 20 and ECU 24 constitute a coreless current sensor unit 80 (coreless current sensor structure).
- coreless current sensor structure coreless current sensor structure
- the signal line 70 that connects the inverter 14 and the ECU 24 is shown in a simplified manner, but in reality, the gates of the upper switching elements 30u, 30v, 30w and the lower switching elements 32u, 32v, 32w. And the ECU 24 are connected.
- FIG. 3A shows a coreless current sensor 20com (hereinafter also referred to as “current sensor 20com”) having no turn wiring 66 as a comparative example, and a direction from the lower side to the upper side in FIG. 3A (hereinafter referred to as “positive direction”).
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 3A.
- the printed wiring 160 of the current sensor 20com includes an output line 162 and a ground line 164 that do not have the turn wiring 66.
- a phase shift occurs between the waveform of the bus bar current Ib and the waveform of the element voltage Ve.
- the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase bus bar currents Ib detected by each current sensor 20com are required for calculating the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq for driving the motor 12 (see JP 2010-045874 A). For this reason, if there is a phase shift (response delay) between the bus bar current Ib and the element voltage Ve, the motor 12 cannot be accurately controlled, and as a result, the output efficiency of the motor 12 decreases. This becomes remarkable when the rotation speed [rpm] of the motor 12 is high.
- FIG. 6A and 6B show the coreless current sensor 20com according to the comparative example when the bus bar current Ib flows in the direction from the upper side to the lower side (hereinafter referred to as “negative direction”) in FIG. 6A. It is a figure which shows surrounding magnetic flux (PHI) 1.
- the phase shift (response delay) can be reduced between the waveform of the bus bar current Ib and the waveform of the element voltage Ve (FIG. 9).
- the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase bus bar currents Ib detected by each current sensor 20 are necessary for calculating the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq for driving the motor 12 (see JP 2010-045874 A). For this reason, it is possible to control the motor 12 with high accuracy by reducing the phase shift (response delay) between the bus bar current Ib and the element voltage Ve. As a result, the output efficiency of the motor 12 is increased or increased. Can be maintained. This becomes remarkable when the rotation speed of the motor 12 is high.
- the phase shift (response delay) between the bus bar current Ib and the element voltage Ve can be reduced by adding the back electromotive voltage Vi to the element voltage Ve.
- the effect of reducing the phase shift (response delay) can be adjusted according to, for example, the number of turns (number of turns Nt) [turns] of the turn wiring 66. In the example of FIG. 2A, the number of turns Nt is one.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of the relationship between the number of turns Nt of the turn wiring 66 relative to the shield plate 54 and the phase shift Pc [deg] of the element voltage Ve to be corrected.
- the phase shift Pc when the number of turns Nt is zero, the phase shift Pc is very large, the phase shift Pc decreases as the number of turns Nt increases to 1 and 2, and when the number of turns Nt is 3, The deviation Pc approaches zero most. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 11, it is optimal to set the number of turns Nt to 3.
- the phase between the waveform of the bus bar current Ib and the waveform of the element voltage Ve is obtained by adding the back electromotive voltage Vi of the output line 62 to the element voltage Ve. Compensates for deviation (response delay). Therefore, the phase shift (response delay) can be suppressed with a simple configuration.
- the coreless current sensor 20 is mounted on the vehicle 10, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be mounted on another target.
- the current sensor 20 can be used for a moving body such as a train, a ship, and an aircraft.
- the current sensor 20 may be applied to a machine tool or an electrical appliance.
- the coreless current sensor 20 was used for the application (drive of the alternating current motor 12) premised on alternating current, the use which compensates the phase shift (response delay) between detection current and an output voltage. If so, it is not limited to this. For example, it can be used for a DC motor. Thereby, for example, rapid switching (off to on or on to off) can be detected with high responsiveness.
- the shield plate 54 has a shape (a U-shape having a corner) excluding one side of the rectangle (see FIGS. 2A and 2B).
- the shape is not limited to this, and for example, a curved surface ( (U-shape without corners).
- the shield plate 54 is given as a component that causes a response delay in the element voltage Ve from the magnetic sensing element 52. However, if the component causes the response delay, another conductor (in particular, It may be easy to generate eddy current). In the case of the shield plate 54, the eddy current Ie is proportional to the square of the thickness of the shield plate 54.
- the turn wiring 66 is provided on the output line 62 so as to surround the right shield plate 54 in FIG. 2A.
- the present invention is not limited to this, as in the coreless current sensor 20A (first modification) in FIG.
- the turn wiring 66a may be provided on the output line 62a of the printed wiring 60a so as to wind the left shield plate 54 in FIG. In FIG. 12, the output line 62a avoids contact with the ground line 64 using the through hole 72, and avoids overlapping of the output lines 62a using the through hole 68a.
- the turn wirings 66 and 66a are provided on the output lines 62 and 62a, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the output line 62b of the printed wiring 60b may not be provided with a turn wiring, and the turn wiring 66b may be provided on the ground line 64a.
- the ground line 64a uses the through hole 72a to avoid contact with the output line 62b.
- the turn wiring 66 can be provided on the output line 62 of the printed wiring 60c, and the turn wiring 66b can be provided on the ground line 64b.
- the turn wiring 66 is provided on the right side, the left side, or both the left and right sides of the magnetic sensing element 52 in the plan view and the cross-sectional view on the printed board 50 parallel to the bus bar 36.
- the position of the turn wiring 66 is not limited to this.
- the position of the turn wiring 66 may be provided on the upper side, the lower side, or the upper and lower sides in the cross-sectional view.
- the turn wiring 66 is used to reduce the phase shift (response delay) between the waveform of the bus bar current Ib and the waveform of the element voltage Ve.
- the waveform of the bus bar current Ib and the element voltage Ve The present invention can also be applied to an application in which a phase shift (response delay) between waveforms is desired to be increased (for example, an application in which the output of the magnetic sensing element 52 is delayed to match another output timing).
- the direction in which the turn wirings 66, 66a, 66b are wound around the shield plate 54 may be reversed.
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Abstract
Description
[1-1.電動車両10の構成]
図1は、この実施形態に係るコアレス電流センサ20u、20v、20wを搭載した電動車両10(以下「車両10」ともいう。)のブロック構成図である。以下では、コアレス電流センサ20u、20v、20wを「電流センサ20u、20v、20w」ともいい、また、「コアレス電流センサ20」又は「電流センサ20」と総称する。
モータ12は、3相交流ブラシレス式であり、電源回路18及びインバータ14を介してバッテリ16から供給される電力に基づいて車両10の駆動力F[N](又はトルク[N・m])を生成する。また、モータ12は、回生を行うことで生成した電力(回生電力Preg)[W]をバッテリ16や図示しない補機に出力することでバッテリ16の充電や前記補機の駆動を行う。
バッテリ16は、複数のバッテリセルを含む蓄電装置(エネルギストレージ)であり、例えば、リチウムイオン2次電池、ニッケル水素電池又はキャパシタ等を利用することができる。本実施形態ではリチウムイオン2次電池を利用している。なお、インバータ14とバッテリ16との間に図示しないDC/DCコンバータを設け、バッテリ16の出力電圧又はモータ12の出力電圧を昇圧又は降圧してもよい。
図2Aは、本実施形態に係るコアレス電流センサ20の構成を簡略的に示す平面図であり、図2Bは、図2AのIIB-IIB線におけるコアレス電流センサ20の構成を簡略的に示す断面図である。
レゾルバ22は、モータ12の図示しない出力軸又は外ロータの回転角度である電気角θを検出し、ECU24に出力する。
ECU24は、信号線70(図1)を介して車両10の各部を制御するものであり、図示しない入出力部、演算部及び記憶部を含む。本実施形態においてECU24は、各電流センサ20からの出力電圧(素子電圧Ve)をアナログ/デジタル変換してECU24内部で電流値(バスバー電流Ib)として処理できるようにする。換言すると、各電流センサ20とECU24とでコアレス電流センサユニット80(コアレス電流センサ構造体)を構成する。なお、図1において、インバータ14とECU24とを結ぶ信号線70は、簡略化して表記されているが、実際は、各上スイッチング素子30u、30v、30w及び各下スイッチング素子32u、32v、32wのゲートとECU24とが接続されている。
[2-1.ターン配線66がない場合]
本実施形態のターン配線66の作用及び効果を説明するため、まずは、ターン配線66がない場合について検討する。上記のように、インバータ14を作動させる際、バスバー36を流れる電流の向きは、順次切り替わる。
図3Aは、比較例としてのターン配線66がないコアレス電流センサ20com(以下「電流センサ20com」ともいう。)において、図3A中、下側から上側に向かう方向(以下「正方向」という。)にバスバー電流Ibを流した場合の様子を示す平面図であり、図3Bは、図3AのIIIB-IIIB線における断面図である。電流センサ20comのプリント配線160は、いずれもターン配線66を有さない出力線162とグラウンド線164とからなる。
図6A及び図6Bは、比較例に係るコアレス電流センサ20comにおいて、図6A中、上側から下側に向かう方向(以下「負方向」という。)にバスバー電流Ibを流した場合のコアレス電流センサ20周囲の磁束Φ1を示す図である。
次に、本実施形態のターン配線66がある場合について検討する。この場合も、インバータ14を作動させる際、バスバー電流Ibの向きは、順次切り替わる。
図8A及び図8Bは、ターン配線66を有するコアレス電流センサ20において、正方向(図8A中、下側から上側に向かう方向)にバスバー電流Ibを流した場合の電流センサ20周囲の磁束(磁束Φ1、Φ2)を示す図である。
図10A及び図10Bは、ターン配線66を有するコアレス電流センサ20において、負方向(図10A中、上側から下側に向かう方向)にバスバー電流Ibを流した場合の電流センサ20周囲の磁束(磁束Φ1、Φ2)を示す図である。
上記のように、本実施形態では、素子電圧Veに逆起電圧Viを加算することで、バスバー電流Ibと素子電圧Veの位相ずれ(応答遅れ)を減少させることができる。当該位相ずれ(応答遅れ)を減少させる効果は、例えば、ターン配線66の巻き数(ターン数Nt)[回]に応じて調整することができる。図2Aの例では、ターン数Ntは1回である。
以上のように、本実施形態によれば、素子電圧Veに出力線62の逆起電圧Viを加算して、バスバー電流Ibの波形と素子電圧Veの波形との間の位相ずれ(応答遅れ)を補償する。従って、当該位相ずれ(応答遅れ)を簡易な構成により抑制することが可能となる。
なお、この発明は、上記実施形態に限らず、この明細書の記載内容に基づき、種々の構成を採り得ることはもちろんである。例えば、以下の構成を採用することができる。
上記実施形態では、コアレス電流センサ20を車両10に搭載したが、これに限らず、別の対象に搭載してもよい。例えば、電流センサ20を電車や船舶、航空機等の移動体に用いることもできる。或いは、電流センサ20を工作機械又は電化製品に適用してもよい。
上記実施形態では、シールド板54は、長方形の一辺を除いた形状(角を有するU字状)であったが(図2A及び図2B参照)、その形状はこれに限らず、例えば、曲面(角を有さないU字状)から構成されてもよい。
上記実施形態では、図2A中の右側のシールド板54を取り囲むようにターン配線66を出力線62に設けたが、これに限らず、図12のコアレス電流センサ20A(第1変形例)のように、ターン配線66aを図12中の左側のシールド板54を巻くようにプリント配線60aの出力線62aに設けてもよい。なお、図12では、出力線62aは、スルーホール72を用いてグラウンド線64との接触を避け、スルーホール68aを用いて出力線62a同士の重なりを避けている。
上記実施形態では、ターン配線66を用いて、バスバー電流Ibの波形と素子電圧Veの波形との間の位相ずれ(応答遅れ)を小さくしたが、例えば、バスバー電流Ibの波形と素子電圧Veの波形との間の位相ずれ(応答遅れ)を大きくしたい用途(例えば、磁気検知素子52の出力を別の出力のタイミングに合わせるために遅延させる用途)にも適用可能である。そのような用途の場合、シールド板54に対してターン配線66、66a、66bを巻く方向を反対にすればよい。
Claims (6)
- 電流経路(36u、36v、36w)から発生する磁束を検知して電圧変換を行う磁気検知素子(52)と、
前記磁気検知素子(52)の周囲に配置され、前記磁気検知素子(52)に対する外部からの磁束を遮蔽するシールド板(54)とを備え、
前記電圧変換に伴う前記磁気検知素子(52)の出力電圧を電流値に変換することで、前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)の電流値を検出するコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)であって、
前記磁気検知素子(52)の端子と接続される接続線(60、60a、60b、60c)により前記シールド板(54)の外周を取り囲むコイル状部位(66、66a、66b)が形成され、
前記磁気検知素子(52)の端子間電圧に基づき前記電流値を演算する
ことを特徴とするコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)。 - 請求項1記載のコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)において、
前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)を流れる電流の変化に対する前記シールド板(54)での磁束の変化の遅れに起因して前記電流の変化に対して発生する前記磁気検知素子(52)の出力電圧の応答遅れを、前記シールド板(54)に発生する磁束の変化に応じて前記コイル状部位(66、66a、66b)に発生する逆起電圧が補償するように、前記コイル状部位(66、66a、66b)が前記シールド板(54)の外周に形成される
ことを特徴とするコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)。 - 請求項1又は2記載のコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)において、
前記コイル状部位(66、66a)が形成される接続線(60、60a、60c)は、前記電圧変換に応じて電圧値が変化する出力線(62、62a)であり、
前記コイル状部位(66、66a)は、前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)から発生する磁束により前記磁気検知素子(52)が正の電圧値を出力する場合、前記シールド板(54)の第1特定部位を当該第1特定部位での前記磁束の向きに見たとき、当該第1特定部位に対して前記出力線(62、62a)の磁気検知素子(52)側から出力端に向かって反時計回りに巻くように形成される
ことを特徴とするコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)において、
前記コイル状部位(66b)が形成される前記接続線(60b、60c)は、グラウンド線(64a、64b)であり、
前記コイル状部位(66b)は、前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)から発生する磁束により前記磁気検知素子(52)が正の電圧値を出力する場合、前記シールド板(54)の第2特定部位を当該第2特定部位での前記磁束の向きに見たとき、当該第2特定部位に対して前記グラウンド線(64a、64b)の磁気検知素子(52)側から出力端に向かって時計回りに巻くように形成される
ことを特徴とするコアレス電流センサ構造体(80)。 - 電流経路(36u、36v、36w)から発生する磁束を電圧に変換する磁気検知素子(52)と、
前記磁気検知素子(52)の周囲に配置された導体(54)と、
前記磁気検知素子(52)の出力電圧を外部に出力し、前記導体(54)の周囲を取り囲むコイル状部位(66、66a、66b)を有する配線(60、60a、60b、60c)と
を備えるコアレス電流センサ(20u、20v、20w)であって、
前記導体(54)は、前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)から発生する磁束により渦電流が発生し、当該渦電流の発生により、前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)を流れる電流の変化に対して前記磁気検知素子(52)が検知する前記磁束の変化に遅れが生じる位置に配置され、
前記配線(60、60a、60b、60c)は、前記電流の変化に対する前記磁束の変化の遅れに起因して前記電流の変化に対して発生する前記磁気検知素子(52)の出力電圧の応答遅れを、前記導体(54)での磁束の変化を妨げる方向に発生する前記コイル状部位(66、66a、66b)の逆起電圧が補償するように、前記コイル状部位(66、66a、66b)が配置される
ことを特徴とするコアレス電流センサ(20u、20v、20w)。 - 電流経路(36u、36v、36w)から発生する磁束を電圧に変換する磁気検知素子(52)と、前記磁気検知素子(52)の周囲に配置された導体(54)と、前記磁気検知素子(52)の出力電圧を外部に出力し、前記導体(54)の周囲を取り囲むコイル状部位(66、66a、66b)を有する配線(60、60a、60b、60c)とを備えるコアレス電流センサ(20u、20v、20w)を用いる電流検知方法であって、
前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)から発生する磁束により前記導体(54)に渦電流が発生し、当該渦電流の発生により、前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)を流れる電流の変化に対して前記磁気検知素子(52)が検知する前記磁束の変化に遅れが発生する位置に前記導体(54)が配置され、
前記導体(54)に発生する磁束の変化を妨げる方向に発生する逆起電圧を前記コイル状部位(66、66a、66b)に発生させ、
前記電流の変化に対する前記磁束の変化の遅れに起因する前記電流経路(36u、36v、36w)の電流波形と前記磁気検知素子(52)の出力波形との間の位相ずれを、前記導体(54)の逆起電圧により補償する
ことを特徴とする電流検知方法。
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JP2016164523A (ja) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-08 | 株式会社タムラ製作所 | 電流センサ装置 |
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