WO2012153774A1 - 酸素電池 - Google Patents
酸素電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012153774A1 WO2012153774A1 PCT/JP2012/061907 JP2012061907W WO2012153774A1 WO 2012153774 A1 WO2012153774 A1 WO 2012153774A1 JP 2012061907 W JP2012061907 W JP 2012061907W WO 2012153774 A1 WO2012153774 A1 WO 2012153774A1
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- oxygen
- positive electrode
- lithium
- negative electrode
- composite metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an oxygen battery.
- an oxygen battery including a positive electrode using oxygen as an active material, a negative electrode using metal lithium as an active material, and an electrolyte layer sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is known.
- the oxygen battery for example, a battery in which the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte layer are sealed in a case has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- lithium ions, electrons, and oxygen are generated from lithium oxide or lithium peroxide in the positive electrode, and the generated lithium ions pass through the electrolyte layer and move to the negative electrode.
- the lithium ions receive electrons and are deposited as metallic lithium.
- the conventional oxygen battery has a disadvantage that the overvoltage increases and the performance decreases when charging and discharging are repeated.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an oxygen battery that can eliminate such inconvenience and can suppress an increase in overvoltage even when charging and discharging are repeated.
- the present invention provides an oxygen battery including a positive electrode using oxygen as an active material, a negative electrode using metal lithium as an active material, and an electrolyte layer sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the positive electrode contains a lithium compound.
- the positive electrode uniformly contains a lithium compound, lithium ions generated at the positive electrode during charging are uniformly deposited on the metal lithium of the negative electrode. Therefore, according to the oxygen battery of the present invention, when lithium is repeatedly dissolved and precipitated in the negative electrode, the lithium hardly changes its position, thereby preventing the formation of irregularities on the negative electrode surface and increasing the overvoltage. Can be suppressed.
- the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte layer are disposed in a sealed case, and the positive electrode includes an oxygen storage material.
- the oxygen storage material has a function of occluding and releasing oxygen, and at the same time, can adsorb and desorb oxygen on the surface thereof.
- the oxygen storage material accompanies generation and dissociation of chemical bonds with oxygen when storing and releasing oxygen, but only intermolecular force is used when adsorbing and desorbing oxygen on the surface. Acts and does not involve the formation or dissociation of chemical bonds.
- the adsorption and desorption of oxygen to the surface of the oxygen storage material is performed with lower energy than when the oxygen storage material occludes and releases oxygen, and the cell reaction involves the surface of the oxygen storage material.
- Oxygen adsorbed on is preferentially used. As a result, a decrease in reaction rate and an increase in overvoltage can be suppressed.
- the decomposition reaction of the lithium compound proceeds smoothly by the catalytic action of the oxygen storage material. Therefore, the activation energy of the decomposition reaction (charging reaction) of the lithium compound can be reduced, and an increase in overvoltage can be further suppressed.
- the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte layer are accommodated in a sealed case, and oxygen is supplied by a material having the oxygen storage ability. Therefore, it is not necessary to open the positive electrode to the air, and a decrease in performance due to moisture or carbon dioxide in the air can be avoided.
- the oxygen storage material is preferably made of a composite metal oxide containing, for example, Y and Mn.
- the composite metal oxide is, for example, YMnO 3 , has a function of occluding or releasing oxygen, can adsorb and desorb oxygen on the surface, and can also act as a catalyst for a chemical reaction in the positive electrode. .
- the oxygen battery 1 includes a positive electrode 2 using oxygen as an active material, a negative electrode 3 using metal lithium as an active material, and a positive electrode 2 and a negative electrode 3.
- the positive electrode 2, the negative electrode 3, and the electrolyte layer 4 are sealed and accommodated in a case 5.
- the case 5 includes a cup-shaped case body 6 and a lid body 7 that closes the case body 6, and an insulating resin 8 is interposed between the case body 6 and the lid body 7.
- the positive electrode 2 includes a positive electrode current collector 9 between the top surface of the lid 7 and the negative electrode 3 includes a negative electrode current collector 10 between the bottom surface of the case body 6.
- the positive electrode 2 includes an oxygen storage material, a conductive material, a binder, and a lithium compound.
- the oxygen storage material has a function of occluding or releasing oxygen, can adsorb and desorb oxygen on the surface, and also functions as a catalyst for a chemical reaction in the positive electrode 2.
- An example of such an oxygen storage material is a composite metal oxide.
- the composite metal oxide include those having a crystal structure such as a hexagonal structure, a C-rare earth structure, an apatite structure, a delafossite structure, a fluorite structure, and a perovskite structure. Specifically, for example, YMnO 3 And a composite metal oxide containing Y and Mn.
- the composite metal oxide containing Y and Mn is Y 1-x Ag x Mn 1-y A y O 3 (where A is Ru or Ti, 1>x> 0, 1>y> 0).
- A is Ru or Ti, 1>x> 0, 1>y> 0.
- ZrO 2 may be further contained.
- the oxygen storage material may have only a function of occluding or releasing oxygen, or adsorbing and desorbing oxygen on the surface thereof, and does not act as a catalyst.
- a catalyst such as a noble metal catalyst or a transition metal catalyst is further added to the positive electrode 2.
- the oxygen storage material including the catalyst include YMnO 3 or Y 1-x Ag x Mn 1-y A y O 3 (where A is Ru or Ti, 1>x> 0, 1>y> 0).
- Examples thereof include composite metal oxides in which palladium oxide is supported.
- Examples of the conductive material include carbon materials such as graphite, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon nanotube, mesoporous carbon, and carbon fiber.
- binder examples include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the lithium compound can be used as a peroxide, a composite metal oxide, an oxide, a carbonate, a nitrate, an acetate, or the like.
- Examples of such lithium compounds include lithium peroxide (Li 2 O 2 ) and lithium oxide (Li 2 O).
- the lithium compound can be used in the same amount as oxygen of the positive electrode active material, and is mixed so as to be in intimate contact with the catalyst.
- the negative electrode 3 is made of metallic lithium.
- the electrolyte layer 4 may be, for example, a nonaqueous electrolyte solution immersed in a separator, or a solid electrolyte.
- non-aqueous electrolyte solution for example, a lithium salt dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent can be used.
- the lithium salt include carbonates, nitrates, acetates, bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salts, and the like.
- the non-aqueous solvent include a carbonate ester solvent, an ether solvent, and an ionic liquid.
- carbonate ester solvent examples include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate. Two or more of the carbonate ester solvents can be used in combination.
- ether solvent examples include dimethoxyethane, dimethyl trigram, polyethylene glycol and the like. Two or more of the ether solvents can be used in combination.
- the ionic liquid examples include cations such as imidazolium, ammonium, pyridinium, and peridium, bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (TTSI), bis (pentafluoroethylsulfonyl) imide (BETI), tetrafluoroborate, park, and the like.
- examples thereof include salts with anions such as lorate and halogen anions.
- separator examples include glass fiber, glass paper, polypropylene nonwoven fabric, polyimide nonwoven fabric, polyphenylene sulfide nonwoven fabric, polyethylene porous film, and polyolefin flat membrane.
- examples of the solid electrolyte include oxide solid electrolytes and sulfide solid electrolytes.
- oxide-based solid electrolyte examples include glass ceramics mainly composed of Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 which is a composite metal oxide of lithium, lanthanum, and zirconium, lithium, aluminum, silicon, titanium, germanium, and phosphorus. Etc. In Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , lithium, lanthanum, and zirconium were partially substituted with other metals such as strontium, barium, silver, yttrium, lead, tin, antimony, hafnium, tantalum, and niobium. It may be a thing.
- examples of the positive electrode current collector 9 include those made of meshes of titanium, stainless steel, nickel, aluminum, copper and the like. Further, as the negative electrode current collector 10, as in the case of the positive electrode current collector 9, a material made of a mesh such as titanium, stainless steel, nickel, aluminum, or copper can be used.
- lithium ions, electrons, and oxygen ions are generated from the lithium oxide or lithium peroxide as the lithium compound at the positive electrode 2 during charging as shown in the following formula.
- the generated lithium ions move to the negative electrode 3 and are uniformly deposited on the metal lithium by receiving electrons at the negative electrode 3. Therefore, according to the oxygen battery 1, it is possible to prevent irregularities from being formed on the surface of the negative electrode 3 even after repeated charge and discharge, and no gap is formed between the negative electrode 3 and the electrolyte layer 4. Can be suppressed.
- the lithium compound is in contact with the catalyst in advance, the activation energy of the decomposition reaction (charging reaction) can be reduced, and the increase in overvoltage can be further suppressed.
- generated oxygen ion is occluded by adsorb
- generated oxygen ion gives priority to the adsorption
- the oxygen storage material is accompanied by dissociation of chemical bonds to release the stored oxygen, but the oxygen adsorbed on the surface can be desorbed with energy corresponding to the intermolecular force. Therefore, oxygen adsorbed on the surface of the oxygen storage material is preferentially used for the battery reaction in the positive electrode 2, and a decrease in reaction rate and an increase in overvoltage can be suppressed.
- Example 1 In this example, first, yttrium nitrate pentahydrate, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, and malic acid were pulverized and mixed in a molar ratio of 1: 1: 6 to obtain a composite metal oxide. A mixture of materials was obtained. Next, the resulting mixture of composite metal oxide materials was reacted at a temperature of 250 ° C. for 30 minutes, and further reacted at a temperature of 300 ° C. for 30 minutes and at a temperature of 350 ° C. for 1 hour. Next, the mixture of reaction products was pulverized and mixed, and then fired at a temperature of 1000 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a composite metal oxide.
- the obtained composite metal oxide was confirmed to be a composite metal oxide represented by the chemical formula YMnO 3 and to have a hexagonal crystal structure by an X-ray diffraction pattern.
- the obtained YMnO 3 Ketjen black (manufactured by Lion Corporation) as a conductive material, polytetrafluoroethylene (manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) as a binder, and lithium peroxide ( Manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.) at a mass ratio of 20: 20: 1: 30.
- the obtained mixture was crimped
- a negative electrode current collector 10 made of a titanium mesh having a diameter of 15 mm is arranged inside a bottomed cylindrical titanium case body 6 having an inner diameter of 15 mm, and a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 0 are formed on the negative electrode current collector 10.
- a negative electrode 3 made of 1 mm metallic lithium was superposed.
- a separator made of glass fiber having a diameter of 15 mm (manufactured by Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd.) was superposed on the negative electrode 3.
- the positive electrode 2 and the positive electrode current collector 9 obtained as described above were superimposed on the separator so that the positive electrode 2 was in contact with the separator.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte solution was injected into the separator to form an electrolyte layer 4.
- non-aqueous electrolyte solution a mixed solution obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate at a mass ratio of 30:70, and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) as a supporting salt at a concentration of 1 mol / liter.
- LiPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
- a laminated body composed of the negative electrode current collector 10, the negative electrode 3, the electrolyte layer 4, the positive electrode 2, and the positive electrode current collector 9 housed in the case body 6 is formed into a bottomed cylindrical titanium lid body 7 having an inner diameter of 15 mm. Closed. At this time, by disposing a ring-shaped insulating resin 8 made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having an outer diameter of 32 mm, an inner diameter of 30 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm between the case body 6 and the lid body 7, FIG.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the oxygen battery 1 obtained in this example was mounted on an electrochemical measurement device (manufactured by Toho Giken Co., Ltd.), and a current of 0.3 mA / cm 2 was applied between the negative electrode 3 and the positive electrode 2. The battery was charged until the cell voltage reached 4.0V. The relationship between the cell voltage and the charge capacity at this time is shown as “one cycle” in FIG.
- the oxygen battery 1 obtained in this example was mounted on the electrochemical measurement device, a current of 0.3 mA / cm 2 was applied between the negative electrode 3 and the positive electrode 2, and the cell voltage was 2. It discharged until it became 0V.
- the relationship between the cell voltage and the discharge capacity at this time is shown as “one cycle” in FIG.
- FIG. 2 (a) shows the relationship between the cell voltage and the charge capacity after repeating the charge / discharge three times in exactly the same manner as the charge / discharge
- FIG. 2 (b) shows the relationship between the cell voltage and the discharge capacity. Are shown as “3 cycles”.
- Example 2 the oxygen battery 1 was made exactly the same as Example 1 except that lithium oxide (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.) was used as the lithium compound contained in the positive electrode 2 instead of lithium peroxide. Manufactured.
- FIG. 3 (a) shows the relationship between the cell voltage and the charge capacity after repeating the charge / discharge three times in exactly the same manner as the charge / discharge
- FIG. 3 (b) shows the relationship between the cell voltage and the discharge capacity. Are shown as “3 cycles”.
- Example 3 In this example, first, yttrium nitrate pentahydrate, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, and malic acid were pulverized and mixed in a molar ratio of 1: 1: 6 to obtain a composite metal oxide. A mixture of materials was obtained. Next, the resulting mixture of composite metal oxide materials was reacted at a temperature of 250 ° C. for 30 minutes, and further reacted at a temperature of 300 ° C. for 30 minutes and at a temperature of 350 ° C. for 1 hour. Next, the mixture of reaction products was pulverized and mixed, and then fired at a temperature of 1000 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a composite metal oxide.
- the obtained composite metal oxide was confirmed to be a composite metal oxide represented by the chemical formula YMnO 3 and to have a hexagonal crystal structure by an X-ray diffraction pattern.
- YMnO 3 1 g was immersed in an aqueous solution of palladium nitrate dihydrate containing 25 mg of palladium nitrate dihydrate, and then the aqueous solution was evaporated to dryness. Then, the residue after the evaporation to dryness was baked at a temperature of 600 ° C., to obtain a YMnO 3 carrying the palladium oxide.
- Lithium oxide (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.) was mixed at a mass ratio of 8: 1: 1: 8. And the obtained mixture was apply
- a negative electrode current collector 10 made of a SUS mesh having a diameter of 15 mm is placed inside a bottomed cylindrical SUS case body 6 having an inner diameter of 15 mm, and a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 0 are formed on the negative electrode current collector 10.
- a negative electrode 3 made of 1 mm metallic lithium was superposed.
- a separator made of a polyolefin flat film made by Asahi Kasei E-Materials Co., Ltd.
- a separator made of a polyolefin flat film made by Asahi Kasei E-Materials Co., Ltd.
- the positive electrode 2 and the positive electrode current collector 9 obtained as described above were superimposed on the separator so that the positive electrode 2 was in contact with the separator.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte solution was injected into the separator to form an electrolyte layer 4.
- non-aqueous electrolyte solution a solution (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) in which bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imidolithium (LiTFSI) as a supporting salt was dissolved at a concentration of 1 mol / liter in a solvent dimethoxyethane was used.
- a laminated body composed of the negative electrode current collector 10, the negative electrode 3, the electrolyte layer 4, the positive electrode 2, and the positive electrode current collector 9 housed in the case body 6 is formed into a bottomed cylindrical SUS lid body 7 having an inner diameter of 15 mm. Closed. At this time, by disposing a ring-shaped insulating resin 8 made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having an outer diameter of 32 mm, an inner diameter of 30 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm between the case body 6 and the lid body 7, FIG.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the oxygen battery 1 obtained in this example was mounted on an electrochemical measurement device (manufactured by Toho Giken Co., Ltd.), and a current of 0.05 mA / cm 2 was applied between the negative electrode 3 and the positive electrode 2. Then, constant current charging was performed until the cell voltage reached 3.9V. When the cell voltage reached 3.9 V, it shifted to constant voltage charging and charged until the current value reached 0.01 mA / cm 2 . Next, a current of 0.05 mA / cm 2 was applied between the negative electrode 3 and the positive electrode 2 to discharge the cell voltage to 2.0V. The relationship between the cell voltage and the charge / discharge capacity at this time is shown as “one cycle” in FIG.
- Example 4 In this example, first, yttrium nitrate pentahydrate, silver nitrate, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, ruthenium nitrate, and malic acid were mixed at 0.95: 0.05: 0.95: 0.05. A composite metal oxide was obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 3, except that the mixture was pulverized and mixed to obtain a molar ratio of 6 to obtain a mixture of composite metal oxide materials.
- the obtained composite metal oxide was confirmed to be a composite metal oxide represented by the chemical formula Y 0.95 Ag 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ru 0.05 O 3 by an X-ray diffraction pattern.
- Example 5 In this example, first, yttrium nitrate pentahydrate, silver nitrate, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, ruthenium nitrate, and malic acid were mixed at 0.95: 0.05: 0.95: 0.05. A composite metal oxide was obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 3, except that the mixture was pulverized and mixed to obtain a molar ratio of 6 to obtain a mixture of composite metal oxide materials.
- the obtained composite metal oxide was confirmed to be a composite metal oxide represented by the chemical formula Y 0.95 Ag 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ru 0.05 O 3 by an X-ray diffraction pattern.
- Example 3 in place of palladium oxide-supported YMnO 3 , Example 3 except that palladium oxide-supported Y 0.95 Ag 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ru 0.05 O 3 obtained in this example was used.
- the oxygen battery 1 shown in FIG. 1 was obtained in exactly the same way.
- Example 6 In this example, first, yttrium nitrate pentahydrate, silver nitrate, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, titanium nitrate, and malic acid were mixed in 0.95: 0.05: 0.95: 0.05. A composite metal oxide was obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 3, except that the mixture was pulverized and mixed to obtain a molar ratio of 6 to obtain a mixture of composite metal oxide materials.
- the obtained composite metal oxide was confirmed to be a composite metal oxide represented by the chemical formula Y 0.95 Ag 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ti 0.05 O 3 by an X-ray diffraction pattern.
- Example 7 In this example, first, yttrium nitrate pentahydrate, silver nitrate, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, titanium nitrate, and malic acid were mixed in 0.95: 0.05: 0.95: 0.05. A composite metal oxide was obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 3, except that the mixture was pulverized and mixed to obtain a molar ratio of 6 to obtain a mixture of composite metal oxide materials.
- the obtained composite metal oxide was confirmed to be a composite metal oxide represented by the chemical formula Y 0.95 Ag 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ti 0.05 O 3 by an X-ray diffraction pattern.
- Example 3 in place of palladium oxide-supported YMnO 3 , Example 3 except that palladium oxide-supported Y 0.95 Ag 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ti 0.05 O 3 obtained in this example was used.
- the oxygen battery 1 shown in FIG. 1 was obtained in exactly the same way.
- Example 8 In this example, first, yttrium nitrate pentahydrate, silver nitrate, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, titanium nitrate, and malic acid were mixed in 0.95: 0.05: 0.95: 0.05. The mixture was pulverized and mixed to obtain a mixture of composite metal oxide materials. Next, after the mixture of the obtained composite metal oxide materials was reacted at a temperature of 250 ° C. for 30 minutes, it was further reacted at a temperature of 300 ° C. for 30 minutes and at a temperature of 350 ° C. for primary firing.
- a water-dispersed zirconia sol obtained by dispersing zirconium oxide powder in water is mixed and ground for 15 minutes in a mortar so as to have a content of 5% by mass with respect to the product of the primary firing, and then 1000
- the composite metal oxide was obtained by baking at a temperature of 1 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the obtained composite metal oxide contains ZrO 2 in the composite metal oxide represented by the chemical formula Y 0.95 Ag 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ti 0.05 O 3 according to the X-ray diffraction pattern. It was confirmed to be a mixture.
- FIG. 10 (a) shows the relationship between the cell voltage and the charge capacity after repeating charge / discharge three times in exactly the same manner as the charge / discharge
- FIG. 10 (b) shows the relationship between the cell voltage and discharge capacity. Are shown as “3 cycles”.
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Abstract
Description
(正極) O2 + 4e- → 2O2-
4Li+ + 2O2- → 2Li2O
2Li+ + 2O2- → Li2O2
また、充電時には、次の式に示すように前記正極において酸化リチウムまたは過酸化リチウムからリチウムイオンと電子と酸素とが生成し、生成したリチウムイオンは前記電解質層を透過して負極に移動する。そして、負極では前記リチウムイオンが電子を受け取り、金属リチウムとして析出する。
Li2O2 → 2Li+ + O2 + 4e-
(負極) 4Li+ +4e- → 4Li
Li2O2 → 2Li+ + O2 + 4e-
(負極) 4Li+ +4e- → 4Li
また、放電時には次の式に示すように、負極3において、金属リチウムがイオン化してリチウムイオンと電子とが生成する。生成したリチウムイオンは、正極2に移動し、前記酸素貯蔵材料から供給された酸素イオンと反応し、充電時に分解されたリチウム化合物が存在していた位置に、前記リチウム化合物の酸化リチウム又は過酸化リチウムとして生成堆積する。
(正極) O2 + 4e- → 2O2-
4Li+ + 2O2- → 2Li2O
2Li+ + 2O2- → Li2O2
次に、実施例及び比較例を示す。
本実施例では、まず、硝酸イットリウム5水和物と、硝酸マンガン6水和物と、リンゴ酸とを、1:1:6のモル比となるようにして、粉砕混合し、複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を得た。次に、得られた複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を250℃の温度で30分間反応させた後、さらに、300℃の温度で30分間、350℃の温度で1時間反応させた。次に、反応生成物の混合物を粉砕混合した後、1000℃の温度で1時間焼成して複合金属酸化物を得た。
本実施例では、正極2に含まれるリチウム化合物として、過酸化リチウムに代えて酸化リチウム(株式会社高純度化学研究所製)を用いた以外は、実施例1と全く同一にして酸素電池1を製造した。
本実施例では、まず、硝酸イットリウム5水和物と、硝酸マンガン6水和物と、リンゴ酸とを、1:1:6のモル比となるようにして、粉砕混合し、複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を得た。次に、得られた複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を250℃の温度で30分間反応させた後、さらに、300℃の温度で30分間、350℃の温度で1時間反応させた。次に、反応生成物の混合物を粉砕混合した後、1000℃の温度で1時間焼成して複合金属酸化物を得た。
本実施例では、まず、硝酸イットリウム5水和物と、硝酸銀と、硝酸マンガン6水和物と、硝酸ルテニウムと、リンゴ酸とを、0.95:0.05:0.95:0.05:6のモル比となるようにして、粉砕混合し、複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を得た以外は、実施例3と全く同一にして複合金属酸化物を得た。
本実施例では、まず、硝酸イットリウム5水和物と、硝酸銀と、硝酸マンガン6水和物と、硝酸ルテニウムと、リンゴ酸とを、0.95:0.05:0.95:0.05:6のモル比となるようにして、粉砕混合し、複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を得た以外は、実施例3と全く同一にして複合金属酸化物を得た。
本実施例では、まず、硝酸イットリウム5水和物と、硝酸銀と、硝酸マンガン6水和物と、硝酸チタンと、リンゴ酸とを、0.95:0.05:0.95:0.05:6のモル比となるようにして、粉砕混合し、複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を得た以外は、実施例3と全く同一にして複合金属酸化物を得た。
本実施例では、まず、硝酸イットリウム5水和物と、硝酸銀と、硝酸マンガン6水和物と、硝酸チタンと、リンゴ酸とを、0.95:0.05:0.95:0.05:6のモル比となるようにして、粉砕混合し、複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を得た以外は、実施例3と全く同一にして複合金属酸化物を得た。
本実施例では、まず、硝酸イットリウム5水和物と、硝酸銀と、硝酸マンガン6水和物と、硝酸チタンと、リンゴ酸とを、0.95:0.05:0.95:0.05:6のモル比となるようにして、粉砕混合し、複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を得た。次に、得られた複合金属酸化物材料の混合物を250℃の温度で30分間反応させた後、さらに、300℃の温度で30分間、350℃の温度で1時間反応させ、一次焼成した。次に、酸化ジルコニウム粉末を水に分散してなる水分散ジルコニアゾルを、前記一次焼成の生成物に対して5質量%の含有量となるようにして、乳鉢で15分間混合粉砕した後、1000℃の温度で1時間焼成して複合金属酸化物を得た。
本比較例では、正極2にリチウム化合物を全く用いなかった以外は、実施例1と全く同一にして酸素電池1を製造した。
Claims (8)
- 酸素を活物質とする正極と、金属リチウムを活物質とする負極と、該正極と負極とに挟持された電解質層とを備える酸素電池において、
該正極は、リチウム化合物を含むことを特徴とする酸素電池。 - 請求項1記載の酸素電池において、前記正極、前記負極及び前記電解質層は、密封ケース内に配設されており、該正極は酸素貯蔵材料を含むことを特徴とする酸素電池。
- 請求項2記載の酸素電池において、前記酸素貯蔵材料は、YとMnとを含む複合金属酸化物からなることを特徴とする酸素電池。
- 請求項3記載の酸素電池において、前記酸素貯蔵材料は、YMnO3、Y1-xAgxMn1-yAyO3(ただし、AはRu又はTi、1>x>0、1>y>0)、ZrO2を含むY1-xAgxMn1-yTiyO3(ただし、1>x>0、1>y>0)からなる群から選択される1種の複合金属酸化物からなることを特徴とする酸素電池。
- 請求項3記載の酸素電池において、前記酸素貯蔵材料は、YMnO3、Y1-xAgxMn1-yAyO3(ただし、AはRu又はTi、1>x>0、1>y>0)からなる群から選択される1種の複合金属酸化物からなり、該複合金属酸化物は酸化パラジウムを担持していることを特徴とする酸素電池。
- 請求項1記載の酸素電池において、前記リチウム化合物は、過酸化リチウム又は酸化リチウムのいずれかであることを特徴とする酸素電池。
- 請求項1記載の酸素電池において、前記正極、前記負極及び前記電解質層は、密封ケース内に配設されており、該正極は酸素貯蔵材料としてのYMnO3、Y1-xAgxMn1-yAyO3(ただし、AはRu又はTi、1>x>0、1>y>0)、ZrO2を含むY1-xAgxMn1-yTiyO3(ただし、1>x>0、1>y>0)からなる群から選択される1種の複合金属酸化物と、過酸化リチウム又は酸化リチウムのいずれかとを含むことを特徴とする酸素電池。
- 請求項1記載の酸素電池において、前記正極、前記負極及び前記電解質層は、密封ケース内に配設されており、該正極は酸素貯蔵材料としてのYMnO3、Y1-xAgxMn1-yAyO3(ただし、AはRu又はTi、1>x>0、1>y>0)からなる群から選択される1種の複合金属酸化物と、過酸化リチウム又は酸化リチウムのいずれかとを含み、該複合金属酸化物は酸化パラジウムを担持していることを特徴とする酸素電池。
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EP12782848.1A EP2709204B1 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2012-05-09 | Oxygen cell |
US14/116,158 US8940447B2 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2012-05-09 | Oxygen cell |
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JP2013218986A (ja) * | 2012-04-12 | 2013-10-24 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | リチウム空気二次電池 |
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JP2016162678A (ja) * | 2015-03-04 | 2016-09-05 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム空気二次電池 |
JP2016170898A (ja) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-09-23 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | リチウム空気二次電池 |
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