WO2012141158A1 - 空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012141158A1 WO2012141158A1 PCT/JP2012/059743 JP2012059743W WO2012141158A1 WO 2012141158 A1 WO2012141158 A1 WO 2012141158A1 JP 2012059743 W JP2012059743 W JP 2012059743W WO 2012141158 A1 WO2012141158 A1 WO 2012141158A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- base layer
- cap layer
- tan
- tire
- pneumatic tire
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0041—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers
- B60C11/005—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0008—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts characterised by the tread rubber
- B60C2011/0016—Physical properties or dimensions
- B60C2011/0025—Modulus or tan delta
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire.
- Improvement of fuel efficiency is usually performed by reducing rolling resistance.
- Rolling resistance is largely attributed to energy loss associated with repeated deformation during travel.
- a tread having the highest contribution ratio in rolling resistance has a two-layer structure, and a rubber composition having a small energy loss is formed on the inner side (base layer) and an outer side (cap layer).
- a structure in which rubber compositions having excellent wear resistance are arranged has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- further improvement in fuel efficiency has been demanded.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a pneumatic tire that can improve fuel economy, steering stability and durability in a well-balanced manner.
- the present inventors examined the pneumatic tire which can improve a fuel-consumption property, steering stability, and durability with sufficient balance, they paid attention to the tread containing a cap layer and a base layer.
- the tread when the base layer is harder than the cap layer and the tan ⁇ of the base layer is lower than the tan ⁇ of the cap layer, the drive transmission efficiency is improved when the base layer and the cap layer satisfy a specific relationship.
- the present inventors have found that it is possible to obtain better fuel efficiency than predicted from rolling resistance and to ensure good steering stability and durability.
- the present invention is a pneumatic tire including a tread including a cap layer and a base layer, wherein the cap layer and the base layer satisfy a relationship represented by the following formulas (1) to (3): About. 50/50 ⁇ Vc / Vb ⁇ 90/10 (1) (In formula (1), Vc is the volume of the cap layer, and Vb is the volume of the base layer.) 0.65 ⁇ E * c / E * b ⁇ 1.00 (2) 1.30 ⁇ (tan ⁇ c / E * c) / (tan ⁇ b / E * b) ⁇ 2.40 (3) (In the formulas (2) and (3), E * c and tan ⁇ c are the complex elastic modulus and loss tangent of the cap layer at 30 ° C., respectively, and E * b and tan ⁇ b are the complex elasticity of the base layer at 30 ° C., respectively. Rate, loss tangent.)
- the base layer preferably contains a butadiene rubber containing 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene crystals.
- the tan ⁇ b is preferably 0.190 or less.
- a pneumatic tire including a tread including a cap layer and a base layer, and the cap layer and the base layer satisfy a specific relationship, so that fuel economy, driving stability, and durability are improved in a well-balanced manner.
- Pneumatic tires can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a tire for a passenger car according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a tire for a passenger car according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrated about the tire for passenger cars, the pneumatic tire of this invention is applicable also to other uses, such as a heavy duty tire.
- the vertical direction is the tire radial direction
- the horizontal direction is the tire axial direction
- the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is the tire circumferential direction.
- the passenger vehicle tire 1 includes a tread portion 7, a pair of sidewall portions 8 extending inward in the tire radial direction from both ends thereof, a bead portion 3 positioned at an inner end of each sidewall portion 8, and a rim upper portion.
- the chafer 2 to be provided.
- a carcass 10 is bridged between the bead portions 3 on both sides, and a breaker portion 9 is disposed on the outer side in the tire radial direction of the carcass 10.
- the carcass 10 is formed of one or more carcass plies on which carcass cords are arranged.
- the carcass ply is folded from the inner side to the outer side in the tire axial direction around the bead core 4 and the bead apex 5 extending in the sidewall direction from the upper end of the bead core 4 through the sidewall part 8 from the tread part 7.
- the breaker unit 9 is composed of two or more breaker plies in which breaker cords are arranged, and is arranged in different directions so that each breaker cord intersects between the breaker plies.
- a band 6 that protects the breaker unit 9 is disposed on the upper side of the breaker unit 9.
- the tread portion 7 includes a cap layer (cap tread) 7c disposed on the side that contacts the road surface, and a base layer (base tread) 7b disposed on the inner side in the tire radial direction of the cap layer 7c.
- the cap layer 7c and the base layer 7b (hereinafter simply referred to as a cap layer and a base layer) satisfy the relationships represented by the following formulas (1) to (3).
- 50/50 ⁇ Vc / Vb ⁇ 90/10 (1) (In formula (1), Vc is the volume of the cap layer, and Vb is the volume of the base layer.) 0.65 ⁇ E * c / E * b ⁇ 1.00 (2) 1.30 ⁇ (tan ⁇ c / E * c) / (tan ⁇ b / E * b) ⁇ 2.40 (3)
- E * c and tan ⁇ c are the complex elastic modulus and loss tangent of the cap layer at 30 ° C., respectively, and E * b and tan ⁇ b are the complex elasticity of the base layer at 30 ° C., respectively. Rate, loss tangent.)
- Vc and Vb are volumes at 25 ° C.
- E * c / E * b when E * c / E * b is less than 0.65, the rigidity of the cap layer tends to be too low to obtain good steering stability. On the other hand, if E * c / E * b is 1.00 or more, the drive transmission efficiency cannot be sufficiently improved, and good fuel efficiency tends to be not obtained.
- the lower limit of the formula (2) is preferably 0.67, more preferably 0.70, still more preferably 0.72, and the upper limit is preferably 0.00 from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily. 98, more preferably 0.95, still more preferably 0.90.
- E * b is preferably 6.5 or more, more preferably 6.8 or more, preferably 9.5 or less, more preferably 9.0 or less from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily. is there.
- E * c may be appropriately adjusted according to E * b, but is preferably 5.0 or more, more preferably 5.3 or more, preferably 9.0 or less, more preferably 8.5. It is as follows.
- tan ⁇ b is preferably 0.050 or more, more preferably 0.080 or more, preferably 0.190 or less, more preferably 0.170 or less.
- tan ⁇ c may be appropriately adjusted according to tan ⁇ b, but is preferably 0.140 or more, more preferably 0.150 or more, preferably 0.250 or less, more preferably 0.220 or less.
- E * c, E * b, tan ⁇ c, and tan ⁇ b can be measured by the methods of Examples described later. Note that E * c, E * b, tan ⁇ c, and tan ⁇ b may be appropriately changed as long as they satisfy the above-described formulas (2) and (3).
- the base layer and the cap layer further satisfy the relationship represented by the following formula (4) from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily. ⁇ 2.8 ⁇ E * c / E * b + 3.8 ⁇ (tan ⁇ c / E * c) / (tan ⁇ b / E * b) ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ E * c / E * b + 4.8 (4)
- a base layer and a cap layer satisfying the above formulas (2) to (4) can be suitably manufactured by adjusting the respective hardness (Hs).
- Hs of the base layer at 23 ° C. is preferably 64 or more, more preferably 65 or more, preferably 75 or less, more preferably 73 or less.
- the Hs at 23 ° C. of the cap layer is preferably 58 or more, more preferably 60 or more, preferably 72 or less, more preferably 70 or less.
- Hs can be measured by the method of the Example mentioned later.
- the adjustment method of Hs For example, the method of adjusting the quantity of oil, the method of adjusting the kind and quantity of a filler, the method of adjusting the quantity of sulfur, etc. are mentioned.
- Another example is a method using a rubber component capable of obtaining high rigidity, such as butadiene rubber containing 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene crystals (SPB-containing BR).
- SPB-containing BR 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene crystals
- Base layer examples of the rubber component used in the base layer include diene rubbers such as natural rubber (NR), epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), butadiene rubber (BR), and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). Especially, BR and NR are preferable and these combined use is more preferable. Moreover, as BR, SPB containing BR can be used conveniently.
- diene rubbers such as natural rubber (NR), epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), butadiene rubber (BR), and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR).
- NR natural rubber
- EMR epoxidized natural rubber
- BR butadiene rubber
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- BR and NR are preferable and these combined use is more preferable.
- SPB containing BR can be used conveniently.
- the BR content is preferably 5 to 55% by mass, more preferably 15 to 45% by mass.
- the content of SPB-containing BR is preferably 5 to 55% by mass, more preferably 15 to 45% by mass.
- the NR content is preferably 35 to 85% by mass, more preferably 55 to 65% by mass.
- the base layer preferably contains carbon black.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of carbon black is preferably 30 to 120 m 2 / g, more preferably 60 to 90 m 2 / g.
- the content of carbon black is preferably 20 to 85 parts by mass, more preferably 40 to 65 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the content of oil in the base layer is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 16 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the content of sulfur in the base layer is preferably 2.0 to 4.0 parts by mass, more preferably 2.4 to 3.6 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- Cap layer examples of the rubber component used for the cap layer include the diene rubber exemplified in the above base layer. Of these, SBR, BR, and NR are preferable, and a combination thereof is more preferable. As SBR, solution-polymerized SBR modified with a compound represented by the following formula (I) (modified S-SBR (modified SBR described in JP 2010-111753 A)) is preferably used.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and each represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group (preferably having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, still more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
- R 4 and R 5 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (preferably Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer (preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 3).
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the above formula (I) include 3-aminopropyldimethylmethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 2-dimethylaminoethyltrimethoxysilane and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of SBR is preferably 35 to 65% by mass, more preferably 45 to 55% by mass.
- the content of the modified SBR is preferably 35 to 65% by mass, more preferably 45 to 55% by mass.
- the BR content is preferably 15 to 45% by mass, more preferably 25 to 35% by mass.
- the NR content is preferably 5 to 35% by mass, more preferably 15 to 25% by mass.
- the cap layer preferably contains silica.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of silica is preferably 100 to 220 m 2 / g, more preferably 140 to 180 m 2 / g.
- the content of silica in the cap layer is preferably 45 to 95 parts by mass, more preferably 65 to 75 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the cap layer preferably contains carbon black.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of carbon black is preferably 50 to 150 m 2 / g, more preferably 80 to 120 m 2 / g.
- the content of carbon black is preferably 1 to 40 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention can be manufactured by a known method.
- each of the above components is kneaded using a rubber kneading device such as a Banbury mixer or an open roll, and the resulting unvulcanized rubber composition is extruded according to the shape of the cap layer and the base layer, on a tire molding machine.
- a rubber kneading device such as a Banbury mixer or an open roll
- the resulting unvulcanized rubber composition is extruded according to the shape of the cap layer and the base layer, on a tire molding machine.
- This unvulcanized tire can be heated and pressurized in a vulcanizer to produce a pneumatic tire.
- the tread is a method in which a sheet-like unvulcanized rubber composition is laminated to a predetermined shape, a method in which two or more extruders are charged and formed into two layers at the head outlet of the extruder, etc. Can be produced.
- NR TSR20 SBR: HPR355 (modified S-SBR modified with a compound represented by the above formula (I)) manufactured by JSR Corporation BR: BR150B manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.
- VCR SPB crystal-containing BR
- Carbon black 1 Seast NH (N351, N 2 SA: 74 m 2 / g) manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.
- Carbon Black 2 Dia Black I (N220, N 2 SA: 114 m 2 / g) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- Anti-aging agent Antigen 6C (N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Stearic acid Stearic acid “ ⁇ ” manufactured by NOF Corporation
- Zinc oxide Zinc Hua No. 1 Sulfur manufactured by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. 1: Seimisulfur Sulfur Sulfur manufactured by Nippon Kiboshi Kogyo Co., Ltd. 2: Powdered sulfur vulcanization accelerator manufactured by Karuizawa Sulfur Co., Ltd.
- Noxeller CZ N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide manufactured by Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Vulcanization accelerator 2 Noxeller D (N, N'-diphenylguanidine) manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Chip cut resistance test The test tire was thermally deteriorated in an oven (80 ° C.) for 10 days and then traveled on a gravel road for 5 km. The size and number of chips generated in the tread after running were observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : The size of the chip is 5 mm or less, and the number of chips is less than 50 ⁇ : The size of the chip is 5 mm or less, and the number of chips is 50 or more ⁇ : The size of the chip is 5 mm or more, More than 50 chips
- Comparative Example 1 is a tire having a standard two-layer tread.
- Comparative Example 2 is a low fuel consumption tire using a low heat-generating rubber in the tread. Although the fuel efficiency is improved, the steering stability is deteriorated. Moreover, the improvement effect of low fuel consumption was low compared with Example 2 with the same level of rolling resistance. In Comparative Example 3, since the ratio of the base layer is small and the expression (1) is not satisfied, the improvement effect of the fuel efficiency is low as compared with Example 2 in which the rolling resistance is the same level. In Comparative Examples 4 and 5, since the base layer was too hard and the formula (3) was not satisfied, the durability was greatly deteriorated. Moreover, since the comparative example 5 did not satisfy
- Comparative Example 11 the difference in physical properties between the cap layer and the base layer was small and the formulas (2) and (3) were not satisfied. Moreover, the improvement effect of low fuel consumption was low compared with Example 2 with the same level of rolling resistance. In Comparative Example 12, the difference in physical properties between the cap layer and the base layer was small and did not satisfy the formula (3). Therefore, compared with Example 2 in which the rolling resistance was the same level, the effect of improving fuel economy was low.
- Examples 1-5 in which the cap layer and the base layer have treads satisfying the formulas (1) to (3), have improved fuel economy, handling stability, and durability in a balanced manner as compared with Comparative Example 1. It was done. In addition, compared with the comparative example having the same level of rolling resistance, the effect of improving the fuel efficiency tends to be large. When Examples 1 and 2 were compared, Example 1 with a larger proportion of the base layer had a greater effect of improving fuel economy. When Examples 1 and 3 were compared, Example 1 in which the rigidity of the base layer was higher showed a greater effect of improving fuel economy. In Example 4 where the rigidity of both the cap layer and the base layer was high, the fuel efficiency was greatly improved while ensuring good steering stability and durability. As in Example 5, even if the difference in rigidity between the cap layer and the base layer was increased, the steering stability was at a level that caused no problem.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明は、キャップ層及びベース層を含むトレッドを備える空気入りタイヤであって、上記キャップ層及び上記ベース層が下記式(1)~(3)で表される関係を満たす空気入りタイヤに関する。
50/50≦Vc/Vb≦90/10 (1)
(式(1)中、Vcはキャップ層の体積であり、Vbはベース層の体積である。)
0.65≦E*c/E*b<1.00 (2)
1.30≦(tanδc/E*c)/(tanδb/E*b)<2.40 (3)
(式(2)、(3)中、E*c、tanδcは、それぞれ30℃におけるキャップ層の複素弾性率、損失正接であり、E*b、tanδbは、それぞれ30℃におけるベース層の複素弾性率、損失正接である。)
50/50≦Vc/Vb≦90/10 (1)
(式(1)中、Vcはキャップ層の体積であり、Vbはベース層の体積である。)
0.65≦E*c/E*b<1.00 (2)
1.30≦(tanδc/E*c)/(tanδb/E*b)<2.40 (3)
(式(2)、(3)中、E*c、tanδcは、それぞれ30℃におけるキャップ層の複素弾性率、損失正接であり、E*b、tanδbは、それぞれ30℃におけるベース層の複素弾性率、損失正接である。)
なお、Vc、Vbは、25℃における体積である。
なお、E*cは、E*bに合わせて適宜調整すればよいが、好ましくは5.0以上、より好ましくは5.3以上であり、好ましくは9.0以下、より好ましくは8.5以下である。
なお、tanδcは、tanδbに合わせて適宜調整すればよいが、好ましくは0.140以上、より好ましくは0.150以上であり、好ましくは0.250以下、より好ましくは0.220以下である。
-2.8×E*c/E*b+3.8≦(tanδc/E*c)/(tanδb/E*b)≦-3×E*c/E*b+4.8 (4)
なお、Hsは、後述する実施例の方法で測定できる。
ベース層に使用するゴム成分としては、例えば、天然ゴム(NR)、エポキシ化天然ゴム(ENR)、ブタジエンゴム(BR)、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)などのジエン系ゴムが挙げられる。なかでも、BR、NRが好ましく、これらの併用がより好ましい。また、BRとしては、SPB含有BRを好適に使用できる。
キャップ層に使用するゴム成分としては、例えば、上述のベース層で例示したジエン系ゴムが挙げられる。なかでも、SBR、BR、NRが好ましく、これらの併用がより好ましい。また、SBRとしては、溶液重合SBRを下記式(I)で表される化合物により変性したもの(変性S-SBR(特開2010-111753号公報に記載の変性SBR))が好適に用いられる。
本発明の空気入りタイヤは公知の方法で製造することができる。例えば、上記各成分をバンバリーミキサー、オープンロール等のゴム混練装置を用いて混練し、得られた未加硫ゴム組成物をキャップ層、ベース層の形状に合わせて押出し加工し、タイヤ成型機上にて通常の方法で成形し、他のタイヤ部材とともに貼り合わせ、未加硫タイヤを形成する。この未加硫タイヤを加硫機中で加熱加圧して空気入りタイヤを製造できる。
なお、トレッドは、シート状にした未加硫ゴム組成物を、所定の形状に張り合わせる方法や、2本以上の押出し機に装入して押出し機のヘッド出口で2層に形成する方法などにより作製することができる。
NR:TSR20
SBR:JSR(株)製のHPR355(上記式(I)で表される化合物で変性された変性S-SBR)
BR:宇部興産(株)製のBR150B
VCR(SPB結晶含有BR):宇部興産(株)製のVCR617
カーボンブラック1:東海カーボン(株)製のシーストNH(N351、N2SA:74m2/g)
カーボンブラック2:三菱化学(株)製のダイアブラックI(N220、N2SA:114m2/g)
シリカ:エボニックデグサ社製のウルトラシルVN3(平均一次粒子径:15nm、N2SA:175m2/g)
シランカップリング剤:エボニックデグサ社製のSi266
オイル:JX日鉱日石エネルギー(株)のプロセスX-140
加工助剤:ストラクトール社製のEF44
ワックス:大内新興化学工業(株)製のサンノックN
老化防止剤:住友化学(株)製のアンチゲン6C(N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン)
ステアリン酸:日油(株)製のステアリン酸「椿」
酸化亜鉛:三井金属鉱業(株)製の亜鉛華1号
硫黄1:日本乾溜工業(株)製のセイミサルファー
硫黄2::軽井沢硫黄(株)製の粉末硫黄
加硫促進剤1:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーCZ(N-シクロヘキシル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド)
加硫促進剤2:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーD(N,N’-ジフェニルグアニジン)
得られた未加硫ゴム組成物を150℃で30分間、2mm厚の金型でプレス加硫し、加硫ゴム組成物(加硫ゴムシート)を得た。
得られた加硫ゴムシートを用いて以下の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
上記加硫ゴムシートのHsをJIS K 6253:2006に準拠した方法で測定した。測定温度は23℃とした。
(株)岩本製作所製の粘弾性スペクトロメータを用いて、周波数10Hz、初期歪10%及び動歪2%の条件下で、30℃における加硫ゴムシートの損失正接tanδ及び複素弾性率E*を測定した。損失正接tanδが小さいほど発熱しにくく、低燃費性に優れることを示し、複素弾性率E*が大きいほど剛性が高いことを示す。
上記未加硫ゴム組成物をタイヤ成型機上でベース層、キャップ層の形状に成形し、表2に示す処方に従い、他のタイヤ部材と貼り合わせ、150℃で30分間加硫することにより、試験用タイヤ(タイヤサイズ:205/55R16)を製造した。
得られた試験用タイヤを用いて以下の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
転がり抵抗試験機を用いて、リム(16×6.5J)、内圧(220kPa)、荷重(4.10kN)、速度(80km/h)で上記試験用タイヤを走行させたときの転がり抵抗を測定し、下記計算式により指数表示した。指数が小さいほど、転がり抵抗が低く、低燃費性に優れることを示す。
(転がり抵抗指数)=(各例の転がり抵抗)/(比較例1の転がり抵抗)×100
上記試験用タイヤについて、TRIAS(新型自動車の試験方法)に準拠し、JC08モードにおける燃費を測定した。結果は、比較例1の燃費に対する改善率(%)で示した。
上記試験用タイヤをオーブン(80℃)で10日間熱劣化させた後、砂利道の上を5km走行した。走行後のトレッドに発生した欠けの大きさ、数を観察し、下記基準で評価した。
○:欠けの大きさが5mm以下で、欠けの数が50個未満
△:欠けの大きさが5mm以下で、欠けの数が50個以上
×:欠けの大きさが5mm以上のものがあり、欠けの数が50個以上
上記試験用タイヤを本田技研工業(株)製のシビックに装着して岡山テストコースを走行し、テストドライバーがハンドルを操作した際の応答性(速さ、線形性)を以下の基準で評価した。
◎:応答が速く、運転しやすい
○:応答が適度
△:応答が若干遅れる
×:応答が大きく遅れ、安全に運転できない
上記試験用タイヤのキャップトレッドの主溝の溝底に幅1mm、深さ1mmのキズ(クラック)をつけ、台上試験機で該試験用タイヤ(内圧250KPa)を1万km走行させた後、クラックの成長度合いを下記基準で評価した。
○:クラックがベース層に到達していない
×:クラックがベース層に到達している
特開2010-144108号公報の図3に記載のタイヤ転がり試験機を用いて、上記試験用タイヤの駆動伝達効率を求め、下記計算式により指数表示した。指数が大きいほど、駆動伝達効率が高く、低燃費性に優れることを示す。
(駆動伝達効率指数)=(各例の駆動伝達効率)/(比較例1の駆動伝達効率)
比較例2は、トレッドに低発熱ゴムを使用した低燃費タイヤであり、低燃費性は改善したが、操縦安定性が悪化した。また、転がり抵抗が同レベルの実施例2と比較して、低燃費性の改善効果が低かった。
比較例3は、ベース層の割合が少なく、式(1)を満たさないため、転がり抵抗が同レベルの実施例2と比較して、低燃費性の改善効果が低かった。
比較例4、5は、ベース層が硬過ぎ、式(3)を満たさないため、耐久性が大きく悪化した。また、比較例5は、式(2)も満たしていないため、操縦安定性が悪化した。
比較例6、7は、キャップ層が柔らか過ぎ、式(2)を満たさないため、操縦安定性が大きく悪化した。
比較例8は、キャップ層及びベース層の両方が柔らかく、式(2)を満たさないため、操縦安定性が大きく悪化した。また、転がり抵抗が同レベルの実施例5と比較して、低燃費性の改善効果が低かった。
比較例9は、キャップ層が硬過ぎ、式(2)を満たさないため、耐チップカット性能が大きく悪化した。
比較例10は、ベース層が柔らか過ぎ、式(2)を満たさないため、操縦安定性が大きく悪化した。また、転がり抵抗が同レベルの実施例1と比較して、低燃費性の改善効果が低かった。
比較例11は、キャップ層とベース層の物性の差が小さく、式(2)、(3)を満たさないため、操縦安定性が悪化した。また、転がり抵抗が同レベルの実施例2と比較して、低燃費性の改善効果が低かった。
比較例12は、キャップ層とベース層の物性の差が小さく、式(3)を満たさないため、転がり抵抗が同レベルの実施例2と比較して、低燃費性の改善効果が低かった。
実施例1、2を比較すると、ベース層の割合が多い実施例1の方が、低燃費性の改善効果が大きかった。
実施例1、3を比較すると、ベース層の剛性が高い実施例1の方が、低燃費性の改善効果が大きかった。
キャップ層及びベース層の両方の剛性が高い実施例4は、良好な操縦安定性及び耐久性を確保しながら、低燃費性が大きく改善した。
実施例5のように、キャップ層及びベース層の剛性の差を大きくしても、操縦安定性は問題ないレベルであった。
2 チェーファー
3 ビード部
4 ビードコア
5 ビードエイペックス
6 バンド
7 トレッド部
7c キャップ層(キャップトレッド)
7b ベース層(ベーストレッド)
8 サイドウォール部
9 ブレーカー部
10 カーカス
Claims (3)
- キャップ層及びベース層を含むトレッドを備える空気入りタイヤであって、
前記キャップ層及び前記ベース層が下記式(1)~(3)で表される関係を満たす空気入りタイヤ。
50/50≦Vc/Vb≦90/10 (1)
(式(1)中、Vcはキャップ層の体積であり、Vbはベース層の体積である。)
0.65≦E*c/E*b<1.00 (2)
1.30≦(tanδc/E*c)/(tanδb/E*b)<2.40 (3)
(式(2)、(3)中、E*c、tanδcは、それぞれ30℃におけるキャップ層の複素弾性率、損失正接であり、E*b、tanδbは、それぞれ30℃におけるベース層の複素弾性率、損失正接である。) - 前記ベース層が1,2-シンジオタクチックポリブタジエン結晶を含むブタジエンゴムを含む請求項1記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記tanδbが0.190以下である請求項1又は2記載の空気入りタイヤ。
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EP12770755.2A EP2698262B1 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2012-04-10 | Pneumatic tire |
US14/110,975 US9884516B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2012-04-10 | Pneumatic tire |
CN201280017735.4A CN103459169B (zh) | 2011-04-11 | 2012-04-10 | 充气轮胎 |
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Also Published As
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EP2698262B1 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
EP2698262A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
JPWO2012141158A1 (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
US9884516B2 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
CN103459169A (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
US20140027029A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
JP6400903B2 (ja) | 2018-10-03 |
EP2698262A4 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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