WO2012136124A1 - 利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和/或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法及设备 - Google Patents

利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和/或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012136124A1
WO2012136124A1 PCT/CN2012/073414 CN2012073414W WO2012136124A1 WO 2012136124 A1 WO2012136124 A1 WO 2012136124A1 CN 2012073414 W CN2012073414 W CN 2012073414W WO 2012136124 A1 WO2012136124 A1 WO 2012136124A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flue gas
algae
heat
carbon dioxide
heat exchange
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2012/073414
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈义龙
胡书传
张岩丰
Original Assignee
阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司
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Priority to CA2831835A priority Critical patent/CA2831835C/en
Priority to SG2013070362A priority patent/SG193533A1/en
Priority to EP12767306.9A priority patent/EP2695513B1/en
Priority to DK12767306.9T priority patent/DK2695513T3/en
Priority to BR112013024553-0A priority patent/BR112013024553B1/pt
Priority to AP2013007160A priority patent/AP2013007160A0/xx
Priority to LTEP12767306.9T priority patent/LT2695513T/lt
Priority to SI201231182T priority patent/SI2695513T1/en
Application filed by 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司 filed Critical 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司
Priority to JP2014501430A priority patent/JP5681325B2/ja
Priority to AU2012239719A priority patent/AU2012239719B2/en
Priority to MX2013011165A priority patent/MX344644B/es
Priority to KR1020137026971A priority patent/KR101545605B1/ko
Priority to RU2013147479/13A priority patent/RU2548951C1/ru
Publication of WO2012136124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012136124A1/zh
Priority to US14/040,678 priority patent/US9961840B2/en
Priority to ZA2013/07285A priority patent/ZA201307285B/en
Priority to HRP20180020TT priority patent/HRP20180020T1/hr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a recycling technology of flue gas discharged from a power plant, especially a biomass power plant, and specifically relates to a method and a device for providing heat and carbon dioxide for vegetables and/or algae by using power plant flue gas.
  • the flue gas emitted from biomass combustion contains a large amount of water vapor and 12 to 20% of carbon dioxide, and also contains a small amount of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and soot.
  • the temperature of the emitted flue gas is about 110 to 140 ° C, which carries a large amount of heat.
  • the calculations show that when a 30MW biomass boiler generator is in normal operation, the energy per hour of flue gas emissions is about 6,628,500kcal, which is equivalent to 7710kw of heat. In most cases, this heat is indirectly due to the smoke. Wasted.
  • a large amount of carbon dioxide in the flue gas continues to be discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in a warming global climate and a warming of the greenhouse effect.
  • China's continental climate is very obvious, especially in winter, cold weather and rare precipitation.
  • the data show that the temperature in China is 8 ⁇ 10°C lower than that in the same latitude in the world in winter, and the winter climate in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is about 3 ⁇ 4 months. In winter, the climate in North China is about 4 ⁇ 5 months.
  • the winter climate in the northeast and northwest regions can reach more than half a year.
  • vegetable greenhouses are very common in these areas.
  • the heating systems of these vegetable greenhouses generally use coal as fuel, the combustion form is extensive, and the heat energy utilization efficiency is not high. Not only is the energy waste very serious, but the environmental pollution is also very serious, and the incident of farmers' gas poisoning often occurs.
  • due to insufficient heating winter vegetables grow more slowly, resulting in high market prices.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for providing heat and carbon dioxide for vegetables and/or algae using power plant flue gas.
  • the method and equipment are designed to reduce the energy waste and environmental pollution caused by the direct discharge of the coal-fired or biomass boiler flue gas of the power plant, and provide heat for the temperature environment required for the growth of vegetables and/or algae, Vegetables and/or algae grow to provide the optimal concentration of carbon dioxide, thereby accelerating the growth rate of vegetables and/or algae, shortening its growth cycle, increasing yield per unit area, reducing production costs, increasing the income of enterprises or farmers, and solving winter vegetable production.
  • the problem of short supply is designed to reduce the energy waste and environmental pollution caused by the direct discharge of the coal-fired or biomass boiler flue gas of the power plant, and provide heat for the temperature environment required for the growth of vegetables and/or algae, Vegetables and/or algae grow to provide the optimal concentration of carbon dioxide, thereby accelerating the growth rate of vegetables and/or algae, shortening its growth cycle, increasing yield per unit area,
  • the present invention is directed to a method for utilizing power plant flue gas to provide heat and carbon dioxide to vegetables and/or algae, including the following steps:
  • the carbon dioxide in the CO 2 storage tank is replenished into the microalgae carbon pool of the vegetable greenhouse and/or algae cultivation room as needed.
  • step 2) the outdoor air absorbing the heat of the flue gas is led to the tertiary heat exchange station, and exchanges heat with the circulating water from the warm water supply system of the microalgae carbon absorption tank to provide the microalgae carbon pool. Warm water. In this way, the waste heat of the flue gas can be fully utilized to provide the most suitable warm water conditions for algae growth.
  • the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the power plant is 110 to 140 ° C
  • the temperature of the flue gas after the exothermic cooling of the first-stage heat exchange station is controlled at 80 to 90 ° C, and is transported to the vegetable greenhouse and/or Or the hot air temperature of the algae pool greenhouse is controlled at 40 ⁇ 50 °C.
  • the temperature of the flue gas after the exothermic cooling of the secondary heat exchange station is controlled at 50 to 60 ° C
  • the outdoor air temperature that absorbs the heat of the flue gas is controlled at 40 to 50 ° C
  • the microalgae The water temperature of the carbon absorption tank is controlled at 25 ⁇ 35 °C.
  • the greenhouse is supplemented with carbon dioxide once a day in a sunny period, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse is controlled to be 600-1200 ppm, and the vegetable greenhouse is closed for 1.5 to 2.0 hours, and the vent is opened to properly ventilate and dehumidify. .
  • the vegetables can be promptly produced under the suitable concentration of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer. Long, significantly increase the production of vegetables per unit area.
  • the invention designs a device for utilizing power plant flue gas to provide heat and carbon dioxide for vegetables and/or algae, mainly consisting of a flue gas supply duct connected with a flue gas induced draft fan, a primary heat exchange station, and a flue gas connected to the bacon. Wind pipe, secondary heat exchange station, C0 2 pressure swing adsorption device and C0 2 gas storage tank are combined.
  • the primary heat exchange station adopts a tube heat pipe heat exchanger, and the flue gas inlet pipe of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas supply pipe through the first pressurized fan, and the smoke of the flue gas heat pipe heat exchanger
  • the gas outlet pipe is connected to the flue gas return pipe;
  • the air inlet pipe of the flue gas heat pipe heat exchanger is connected to the return pipe of the heating supply system in the vegetable greenhouse and/or the algae culture house through the second pressurized fan, the flue gas
  • the air outlet duct of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected to the outlet pipe of the heating supply system in the vegetable greenhouse and/or the algae culture house.
  • the secondary heat exchange station uses a heat pipe heat exchanger, and the cold air input end of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected to the outdoor air through a circulation pump, and the flue gas input end of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas return air pipe through the compressor.
  • input output of the flue gas with the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected to a pressure swing adsorption apparatus, C0 2 output of a pressure swing adsorption means is connected to C0 2 tank by a vacuum pump, C0 2 C0 2 tank through the delivery tube and
  • the upper control valve is connected to the microalgae carbon pool of the vegetable greenhouse and/or algae culture house.
  • the three-stage heat exchange station adopts a gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger, and the air inlet of the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger passes through the hot air output end of the air supply pipe and the heat pipe heat exchanger Connected, the air outlet of the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger is connected to the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe; the warm water output end of the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the microalgae carbon absorption tank through the circulating water pump, the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger The warm water return end is connected to the water outlet end of the microalgae carbon suction tank through a solenoid valve.
  • the invention extracts heat in the flue gas through indirect heat exchange between flue gas and air, extracts carbon dioxide in the flue gas through a mature CO 2 pressure swing adsorption device, and applies the obtained heat and carbon dioxide gas fertilizer to vegetables and/or
  • the advantages of algae production are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
  • the indirect heat transfer method is used to heat the vegetable greenhouse and/or the algae breeding room, which not only utilizes the waste heat in the flue gas, reduces the operating cost of the heating system, but also effectively reduces the consumption of coal-fired heating and achieves energy saving.
  • the purpose of emission reduction is particularly suitable for biomass power plants that are closely distributed in various agricultural production areas.
  • the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is extracted and supplied to the microalgae carbon pool of the vegetable greenhouse and/or the algae breeding room, which effectively avoids pollution of vegetables and/or algae by a small amount of toxic and harmful components in the flue gas, and Significantly promote the growth of vegetables and / or algae, solve the problem of winter vegetable shortage.
  • the waste heat and carbon dioxide in the flue gas are absorbed by biomass such as vegetables, which can effectively reduce energy waste and environmental pollution caused by direct exhaustion of smoke, and reduce the greenhouse effect. At the same time, after the biomass is formed, it is the fuel of the power plant, so that waste can be turned into a benign green cycle.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an apparatus for supplying heat and carbon dioxide to vegetables and algae using power plant flue gas.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the primary heat exchange station of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tertiary heat exchange station of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the carbon dioxide extracting portion of Figure 1.
  • the present invention utilizes power plant flue gas to provide heat and carbon dioxide to vegetables and algae, and is mainly composed of the following parts: 1. A flue gas induced draft fan 3 and a flue gas supply duct 4 connected thereto, The flue gas discharged from the boiler of the biomass power plant is pumped and transported; 2. The flue gas return air duct 1 connected to the chimney 2 is used for discharging excess flue gas after heat exchange treatment; 3. The first stage heat exchange station 5 , the secondary heat exchange station 12 and the tertiary heat exchange station 8 are used to realize indirect heat exchange between the flue gas and the clean air and water, and provide heating and warm water for the vegetable greenhouse 6 and the algae breeding room 9; 4.
  • the adsorption device 14 and the CO 2 gas storage tank 16 and the C0 2 pressure swing adsorption device 14 are prior art, and use silica gel or activated carbon as an adsorbent to extract the CO 2 gas in the flue gas by a pressure difference, and use it for the vegetable greenhouse. 6 and the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10 of the algae culture house 9 is supplemented with carbon dioxide.
  • the first stage heat exchange station 5 employs a plurality of column heat pipe heat exchangers 5.1 arranged side by side.
  • the flue gas inlet pipe 5.3 of the heat pipe heat exchanger 5.1 is connected to the flue gas supply pipe 4 through the first pressurizing fan 5.2, and the flue gas outlet pipe 5.4 of the flue gas heat pipe heat exchanger 5.1 and the flue gas return pipe 1 connected.
  • the air inlet pipe 5.6 of the flue gas heat pipe heat exchanger 5.1 is connected to the return pipe of the heating supply system of the vegetable greenhouse 6 or the algae culture house 9 through the second pressurizing fan 5.5, and the flue gas heat pipe heat exchanger 5.1
  • the air outlet duct 5.7 is connected to the air outlet of the vegetable greenhouse 6 or the heating supply system of the algae culture room 9.
  • the indoor air of the vegetable greenhouse 6 and the algae breeding room 9 absorbs the heat of the flue gas through the heat pipe heat exchanger 5.1, and heats the vegetables or algae.
  • the secondary heat exchange station 12 described above employs a heat pipe heat exchanger 12.
  • the cold air input end of the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 is in communication with outdoor air through a circulation pump 13.
  • the flue gas input end of the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 passes through the compressor 11 and the flue gas back
  • a branching branch on the air duct 1 is connected for removing a portion of the flue gas cooled by the primary heat exchange station 5 and cooling it to a temperature suitable for carbon dioxide adsorption treatment.
  • Heat pipe heat exchanger is connected to an input terminal 12 and the output terminal of the flue gas C0 2 pressure swing adsorption apparatus 14, the output of C0 2 pressure swing adsorption apparatus 14 by a vacuum pump 15 connected to the C0 2 tank 16, C0 2 tank 16 is connected to the vegetable greenhouse 6 and the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10 of the algae culture house 9 through the CO 2 pipe 7 and the control valve 19 thereon to supplement the vegetable or algae with carbon dioxide gas fertilizer.
  • a C0 2 gas concentration meter 6.1 is also provided for automatically adjusting the opening or closing of the cutting 19 .
  • the above three-stage heat exchange station 8 employs a conventional gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1.
  • the air inlet of the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1 is connected to the hot air output end of the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 through the air supply pipe 17, and the air outlet of the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1 is connected to the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 18.
  • the warm water output end of the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1 is connected to the water inlet end of the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10 through the circulating water pump 8.2, and the warm water return end of the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1 passes through the electromagnetic valve 8.3 and the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10
  • the water outlets are connected to form a warm water circulation loop to provide permanent warm water for the algae in the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10.
  • a temperature sensor 8.4 and a water level sensor 8.5 for automatically opening or closing the solenoid valve 8.3 are provided in the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10.
  • the workflow of the present invention for utilizing power plant flue gas to provide heat and carbon dioxide to vegetables and algae is as follows:
  • the first indirect heat exchange is carried out with the air of the algae breeding room 9 heating supply system.
  • the air is heated to 40 ⁇ 50 °C and directly transported to the vegetable greenhouse 6 and the algae pond warm room 9 to provide heating for vegetables and algae.
  • the greenhouse temperature can be controlled within 6 ⁇ 28°C in the daytime and 14 ⁇ 18°C in the evening, so as to meet the needs of rapid vegetable growth.
  • the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange through the heat exchanger of the tube heat exchanger is about 80 ⁇ 90 °C
  • part of the flue gas is discharged from the chimney 2 through the flue gas return air duct 1
  • the other part of the flue gas is in the compressor 11
  • the utility model enters the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 through a branching branch on the flue gas return air duct 1, and performs a second indirect heat exchange with the outdoor air from the circulation pump 13, and heats the outdoor air to 40 to 50 °C.
  • the temperature of the flue gas further cooled by the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 is about 50 to 60 ° C, and is sent to the C0 2 pressure swing adsorption device 14, using silica gel or activated carbon as an adsorbent, and intermittently transforming
  • the carbon dioxide gas in the flue gas is extracted and then sent to the C0 2 gas storage tank 16 through the vacuum pump 15 for storage.
  • the outdoor air heated by the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 is heated into the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1 through the air supply pipe 17, and exchanges heat with the circulating water from the warm water supply system of the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10 to suck the microalgae.
  • Water temperature of carbon pool 10 Maintain at 25 ⁇ 35 °C to facilitate the rapid growth of algae.
  • the temperature sensor 8.4 and the water level sensor 8.5 are used to monitor the water temperature and water level in the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10.
  • the microalgae carbon absorption tank 10 is circulated on the water path of the solenoid valve 8.3 When closed, the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1 stops working; when the water temperature drops to 25 °C, the solenoid valve 8.3 is opened and the gas-liquid indirect heat exchanger 8.1 is restarted.
  • the carbon dioxide gas fertilizer in the CO 2 gas storage tank can be supplemented into the micro-algae carbon absorption tank 10 of the vegetable greenhouse 6 and the algae cultivation room 9 as needed.
  • the vegetable greenhouse 6 is supplemented with carbon dioxide gas fertilizer once a day in a sunny period.
  • the C0 2 gas concentration meter 6.1 set in the vegetable greenhouse 6 is used for real-time monitoring of the concentration of carbon dioxide, and is adjusted by controlling the automatic opening or closing of the cutting 19 to control the concentration in the range of 800 to 1000 ppm.
  • After the vegetable greenhouse is closed for 1.5 ⁇ 2.0h, open the vents and properly ventilate and dehumidify.
  • heating and supplementing carbon dioxide with biomass power plant flue gas in winter can increase the unit yield of cucumber and celery by 26.6% and 39.3%, respectively.

Description

利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法及设备 技术领域
本发明涉及电厂特别是生物质电厂燃烧所排放烟气的回收利用技术， 具体地指一种 利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法及设备。
背景技术
目前， 在全球煤炭和石油资源日益紧缺的状况下， 各国都加大了对生物能源产业的 投资， 采用生物质燃烧发电的电厂也越来越多。 生物质燃烧所排放烟气中包含大量的水 蒸汽和 12〜20%的二氧化碳， 还含有少量的一氧化碳、 二氧化硫、 氮氧化物以及烟尘。 同时， 所排放烟气的温度大约为 110〜140°C， 其中携带有大量的热量。 计算表明， 一台 30MW的生物质锅炉发电机组正常运行时， 每小时烟气排放所携带的能量约为 6628500kcal， 相当于 7710kw的热量， 这些热量在大多数情况下都因烟气直排而白白浪 费掉了。 不仅如此， 烟气中大量的二氧化碳持续直排到大气中， 导致全球气候趋暖， 温 室效应日益加重。
另一方面， 我国大陆性气候特征十分明显， 特别是冬季时间长、 气候寒冷、 降水稀 少。 数据表明， 我国冬季比世界上同纬度地区的温度偏低 8〜10°C， 在长江中下游地区冬 季气候约为 3〜4个月， 在华北地区冬季气候约为 4〜5个月， 而在东北和西北地区冬季气 候可达半年以上。 为了保证冬季蔬菜的供应， 蔬菜大棚在这些地区非常普遍。 然而， 这 些蔬菜大棚的供暖系统普遍以煤作为燃料， 燃烧形式粗放， 热能利用效率不高， 不仅能 量浪费十分严重， 而且环境污染也十分严重， 经常发生农民煤气中毒的事件。 同时， 由 于供暖不足， 冬季蔬菜生长的较为缓慢， 导致市场价格居高不下。
研究发现， 我国蔬菜大棚主要分布在人口稠密、 农林业发达的地区， 而生物质电厂 主要是以燃烧农林废弃物发电， 因此两者的分布区域基本上是一致的。 为了解决冬季蔬 菜生产和供暖的问题， 人们曾试图将生物质电厂排放的烟气直接引入蔬菜大棚中， 利用 其所含有的余热和二氧化碳促进蔬菜等生物质的生长， 但烟气中所含有的少量一氧化碳 等有害成份一直被科研人员认为是一道无法逾越的沟壑。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是要提供一种利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳 的方法及设备， 旨在通过对电厂燃煤或生物质锅炉烟气的综合利用减少其直排造成的能 量浪费和环境污染， 为蔬菜和 /或藻类生长所需要的温度环境提供热量， 同时为蔬菜和 / 或藻类生长提供最佳浓度的二氧化碳环境， 从而加快蔬菜和 /或藻类的生长速度， 缩短其 成长周期， 提高单位面积的产量， 降低生产成本， 提高企业或农民收入， 解决冬季蔬菜 生产供不应求的难题。
为实现上述目的，本发明所设计利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳 的方法， 包括如下步骤：
1 ) 将电厂排放的烟气通过烟气送风管道引到一级热交换站， 与来自蔬菜大棚和 /或 藻类养殖房暖气供给系统的空气进行第一次间接热交换，为蔬菜大棚和 /或藻类养殖房提 供热空气；
2)将一部分经过一级热交换站放热降温后的烟气通过烟气回风管道引到二级热交换 站， 与来自室外的空气进行第二次间接热交换， 以使烟气的温度进一步降低到适合二氧 化碳吸附处理的程度；
3 ) 将经过二级热交换站放热降温后的烟气输送到 C02变压吸附装置中， 提取其中 的二氧化碳， 并将所得二氧化碳抽吸到 C02储气罐中储存；
4) 在蔬菜和 /或藻类的生长周期内， 根据需要将 C02储气罐中的二氧化碳补充到蔬 菜大棚和 /或藻类养殖房的微藻吸碳池中。
进一步地， 上述步骤 2) 中， 将吸收了烟气热量的室外空气引到三级热交换站， 与 来自微藻吸碳池温水供给系统的循环水进行热交换， 为微藻吸碳池提供温水。 这样， 可 以充分利用烟气的余热， 为藻类生长提供最适合的温水条件。
具体地， 上述步骤 1 ) 中， 电厂排放的烟气温度为 110~140°C， 经过一级热交换站放 热降温后的烟气温度控制在 80〜90°C， 输送到蔬菜大棚和 /或养藻池暖房的热空气温度控 制在 40~50°C。
具体地，上述步骤 2)中，经过二级热交换站放热降温后的烟气温度控制在 50〜60°C， 吸收了烟气热量的室外空气温度控制在 40~50°C， 微藻吸碳池的水温控制在 25~35°C。
更进一步地， 上述步骤 4) 中， 每天在阳光充足时段给蔬菜大棚补充二氧化碳一次， 并且控制蔬菜大棚内二氧化碳的浓度在 600~1200ppm， 蔬菜大棚封闭 1.5~2.0h后， 打开 通风口适当通风除湿。 这样， 可以促使蔬菜在其适合浓度的二氧化碳气肥条件下快速生 长， 大幅提高单位面积的蔬菜产量。
本发明所设计利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的设备，主要由与 烟气引风机相连的烟气送风管道、 一级热交换站、 与烟肉相连的烟气回风管道、 二级热 交换站、 C02变压吸附装置和 C02储气罐等装置组合而成。
所述一级热交换站采用列管热管换热器， 列管热管换热器的烟气进口管道通过第一 加压风机与烟气送风管道相连， 烟气列管热管换热器的烟气出口管道与烟气回风管道相 连；烟气列管热管换热器的空气进口管道通过第二加压风机与蔬菜大棚和 /或藻类养殖房 中暖气供给系统的回风管相连，烟气列管热管换热器的空气出口管道与蔬菜大棚和 /或藻 类养殖房中暖气供给系统的出风管相连。
所述二级热交换站采用热管热交换器， 热管热交换器的冷空气输入端通过循环泵与 室外空气相通， 热管热交换器的烟气输入端通过压缩机与烟气回风管道相连， 热管热交 换器的烟气输出端与变压吸附装置的输入端相连， C02变压吸附装置的输出端通过真空 泵与 C02储气罐相连， C02储气罐通过 C02输送管及其上的控制阀与蔬菜大棚和 /或藻类 养殖房的微藻吸碳池相连。
进一步地， 它还包括三级热交换站， 所述三级热交换站采用气液间接换热器， 气液 间接换热器的空气进口通过送风管与热管热交换器的热空气输出端相连， 气液间接换热 器的空气出口通过排风管与大气相连； 气液间接换热器的温水输出端通过循环水泵与微 藻吸碳池的进水端相连， 气液间接换热器的温水回流端通过电磁阀与微藻吸碳池的出水 端相连。
本发明通过烟气与空气的间接热交换提取烟气中的热量， 通过成熟的 C02变压吸附 装置提取烟气中的二氧化碳，并将所获得的热量和二氧化碳气肥应用于蔬菜和 /或藻类的 生产， 其优点主要体现在如下几方面：
其一， 采用间接传热方式为蔬菜大棚和 /或藻类养殖房供暖， 既充分利用了烟气中的 废热、 降低了供暖系统的运行成本， 又有效减少了燃煤供暖的消耗、 达到了节能减排的 目的， 特别适合近距离分布于各农业生产区的生物质电厂。
其二， 烟气中的二氧化碳经过提取后才供给蔬菜大棚和 /或藻类养殖房的微藻吸碳 池， 既有效避免了烟气中少量有毒有害成份对蔬菜和 /或藻类的污染， 又可大幅促进蔬菜 和 /或藻类的生长， 解决了冬季蔬菜短缺的难题。 其三， 烟气中的废热和二氧化碳被蔬菜等生物质吸收后， 可有效降低烟气直排造成 的能量浪费和环境污染， 减轻温室效应。 同时， 生物质成才后又是电厂的燃料， 如此可 变废为宝， 形成良性的绿色循环。
附图说明
图 1是本发明利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的设备的结构示意 图。
图 2是图 1中一级热交换站的结构示意图。
图 3是图 1中三级热交换站的结构示意图。
图 4是图 1中二氧化碳提取部分的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
如图 1〜4所示， 本发明利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的设备， 主 要由如下几部分构成： 一、 烟气引风机 3和与其连接的烟气送风管道 4， 用于抽吸输送 生物质电厂锅炉所排放的烟气； 二、 与烟囱 2相连的烟气回风管道 1， 用于排放经过热 交换处理后的多余烟气； 三、 一级热交换站 5、 二级热交换站 12和三级热交换站 8， 用 于实现烟气与清洁空气和水的间接热交换， 为蔬菜大棚 6和藻类养殖房 9提供暖气和温 水； 四、 C02变压吸附装置 14和 C02储气罐 16， C02变压吸附装置 14为现有技术， 采 用硅胶或活性炭作为吸附剂， 通过压差将烟气中的 C02气体提取出来， 用于向蔬菜大棚 6和藻类养殖房 9的微藻吸碳池 10中补充二氧化碳。
上述一级热交换站 5采用多个并列设置的列管热管换热器 5.1。 列管热管换热器 5.1 的烟气进口管道 5.3通过第一加压风机 5.2与烟气送风管道 4相连，烟气列管热管换热器 5.1的烟气出口管道 5.4与烟气回风管道 1相连。 烟气列管热管换热器 5.1的空气进口管 道 5.6通过第二加压风机 5.5与蔬菜大棚 6或藻类养殖房 9中暖气供给系统的回风管相连， 烟气列管热管换热器 5.1的空气出口管道 5.7与蔬菜大棚 6或藻类养殖房 9中暖气供给系 统的出风管相连。这样，蔬菜大棚 6和藻类养殖房 9的室内空气通过列管热管换热器 5.1 吸收烟气的热量， 给蔬菜或藻类供暖。
上述二级热交换站 12采用一个热管热交换器 12。热管热交换器 12的冷空气输入端 通过循环泵 13与室外空气相通。热管热交换器 12的烟气输入端通过压缩机 11与烟气回 风管道 1上的一个分流支路相连， 用于取出一部分经过一级热交换站 5降温的烟气， 并 将其冷却到适合二氧化碳吸附处理的温度。 热管热交换器 12的烟气输出端与 C02变压 吸附装置 14的输入端相连， C02变压吸附装置 14的输出端通过真空泵 15与 C02储气罐 16相连， C02储气罐 16通过 C02输送管 7及其上的控制阀 19与蔬菜大棚 6和藻类养殖 房 9的微藻吸碳池 10相连，给蔬菜或藻类补充二氧化碳气肥。在蔬菜大棚 6内还设置有 C02气体浓度测定仪 6.1， 用于自动调节控制伐 19的开启或关闭。
上述三级热交换站 8采用常规的气液间接换热器 8.1。气液间接换热器 8.1的空气进 口通过送风管 17与热管热交换器 12的热空气输出端相连， 气液间接换热器 8.1的空气 出口通过排风管 18与大气相连。 气液间接换热器 8.1的温水输出端通过循环水泵 8.2与 微藻吸碳池 10的进水端相连， 气液间接换热器 8.1的温水回流端通过电磁阀 8.3与微藻 吸碳池 10的出水端相连， 从而形成温水循环回路， 为微藻吸碳池 10中的藻类提供恒久 的温水。 同时， 在微藻吸碳池 10内设置有用于电磁阀 8.3自动开启或关闭的温度传感器 8.4和水位传感器 8.5。
本发明利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的设备的工作流程如下：
1 )来自电厂排放的温度为 110〜140°C的烟气， 在烟气引风机 3的抽吸下通过烟气送 风管道 4进入烟气列管热管换热器 5.1，与来自蔬菜大棚 6和藻类养殖房 9暖气供给系统 的空气进行第一次间接热交换， 空气被加热到 40〜50°C， 直接输送到蔬菜大棚 6和养藻 池暖房 9中， 为蔬菜和藻类提供暖气。 通过对暖气供给量的调节， 可控制蔬菜大棚 6内 白天温度在 20~28°C， 晚上温度在 14~18°C， 从而满足蔬菜快速生长的需要。
2) 经过列管热管换热器 5.1换热后的烟气温度约在 80〜90°C， 其中一部分烟气通过 烟气回风管道 1从烟囱 2排出，另一部分烟气则在压缩机 11的作用下通过烟气回风管道 1上的一个分流支路进入热管热交换器 12，与来自循环泵 13的室外空气进行第二次间接 热交换， 将室外空气加热到 40~50°C。
3 ) 经过热管热交换器 12进一步降温的烟气温度约在 50〜60°C， 将其输送到 C02变 压吸附装置 14中，采用硅胶或活性炭作为吸附剂，通过间歇变压的方式将烟气中的二氧 化碳气体提取出来， 然后通过真空泵 15输送到 C02储气罐 16中储存。
4)经过热管热交换器 12加热升温的室外空气通过送风管 17进入气液间接换热器 8.1 中， 与来自微藻吸碳池 10温水供给系统的循环水进行热交换， 将微藻吸碳池 10的水温 维持在 25〜35°C， 以利于藻类的快速生长。温度传感器 8.4和水位传感器 8.5用于监测微 藻吸碳池 10内的水温和水位， 当水温达到 35 °C、 水位达到池内设定高度时， 微藻吸碳 池 10循环水路上的电磁阀 8.3关闭， 气液间接换热器 8.1停止工作； 当水温下降到 25 °C 时， 电磁阀 8.3开启， 气液间接换热器 8.1重新开始工作。
5 ) 在蔬菜和藻类的生长周期内， 可根据需要将 C02储气罐中的二氧化碳气肥补充 到蔬菜大棚 6和藻类养殖房 9的微藻吸碳池 10中。具体针对蔬菜大棚 6操作时，每天在 阳光充足时段给蔬菜大棚 6补充二氧化碳气肥一次。 设置在蔬菜大棚 6内的 C02气体浓 度测定仪 6.1用于实时监测二氧化碳的浓度， 并通过控制伐 19的自动开启或关闭对其进 行调节， 使其浓度控制在 800~1000ppm的范围内。 蔬菜大棚封闭 1.5~2.0h后， 打开通风 口适当通风除湿。 通过对黄瓜、 芹菜等时令蔬菜的小批量栽培试验得知： 在冬季利用生 物质电厂烟气为其提供暖气和补充二氧化碳，可使黄瓜、芹菜的单位产量分别提高 26.6% 和 39.3%。

Claims

权利要求书
1 . 一种利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法， 包括如下步骤:
1 ) 将电厂排放的烟气通过烟气送风管道引到一级热交换站， 与来自蔬菜大棚和 /或 藻类养殖房暖气供给系统的空气进行第一次间接热交换，为蔬菜大棚和 /或藻类养殖房提 供热空气；
2)将一部分经过一级热交换站放热降温后的烟气通过烟气回风管道引到二级热交换 站， 与来自室外的空气进行第二次间接热交换， 以使烟气的温度进一步降低到适合二氧 化碳吸附处理的程度；
3 ) 将经过二级热交换站放热降温后的烟气输送到 C02变压吸附装置中， 提取其中 的二氧化碳， 并将所得二氧化碳抽吸到 C02储气罐中储存；
4) 在蔬菜和 /或藻类的生长周期内， 根据需要将 C02储气罐中的二氧化碳补充到蔬 菜大棚和 /或藻类养殖房的微藻吸碳池中。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法， 其特征在于： 上述步骤 2 ) 中， 将吸收了烟气热量的室外空气引到三级热交换站， 与来 自微藻吸碳池温水供给系统的循环水进行热交换， 为微藻吸碳池提供温水。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的 方法， 其特征在于： 上述步骤 1 ) 中， 电厂排放的烟气温度为 110~140°C， 经过一级热交 换站放热降温后的烟气温度控制在 80~90°C， 输送到蔬菜大棚和 /或养藻池暖房的热空气 温度控制在 40~50°C。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法， 其特征在于：上述步骤 2)中，经过二级热交换站放热降温后的烟气温度控制在 50~60°C， 吸收了烟气热量的室外空气温度控制在 40~50°C， 微藻吸碳池的水温控制在 25~35 °C。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的 方法， 其特征在于： 上述步骤 4) 中， 每天在阳光充足时段给蔬菜大棚补充二氧化碳一 次， 控制蔬菜大棚内二氧化碳的浓度在 600~1200ppm， 蔬菜大棚封闭 1.5~2.0h后， 打开 通风口适当通风除湿。
6. 一种权利要求 1所述利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的设备， 包括与烟气引风机 （3 ) 相连的烟气送风管道 （4)、 一级热交换站 （5 )、 与烟囱 （2) 相 连的烟气回风管道（ 1 )、二级热交换站（12)、 C02变压吸附装置（ 14)和 C02储气罐（16)， 其特征在于- 所述一级热交换站（5 )采用列管热管换热器（5.1 )， 列管热管换热器（5.1 ) 的烟气 进口管道 （5.3 ) 通过第一加压风机 （5.2) 与烟气送风管道 （4) 相连， 烟气列管热管换 热器（5.1 )的烟气出口管道（5.4)与烟气回风管道（1 )相连；烟气列管热管换热器（5.1 ) 的空气进口管道 （5.6)通过第二加压风机 （5.5 ) 与蔬菜大棚 （6)和 /或藻类养殖房 （9) 中暖气供给系统的回风管相连， 烟气列管热管换热器（5.1 ) 的空气出口管道（5.7)与蔬 菜大棚 （6) 和 /或藻类养殖房 （9) 中暖气供给系统的出风管相连；
所述二级热交换站（12)采用热管热交换器（12)， 热管热交换器（12) 的冷空气输 入端通过循环泵 （13 ) 与室外空气相通， 热管热交换器 （12) 的烟气输入端通过压缩机 ( 11 ) 与烟气回风管道 （1 ) 相连， 热管热交换器 （12) 的烟气输出端与 C02变压吸附 装置 （14) 的输入端相连， C02变压吸附装置 （14) 的输出端通过真空泵 （15 ) 与 C02 储气罐 （16)相连， C02储气罐 （16)通过 C02输送管 （7)及其上的控制阀 （19)与蔬 菜大棚 （6) 和 /或藻类养殖房 （9) 的微藻吸碳池 （10) 相连。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的设备， 其特征在于： 它还包括三级热交换站（8)， 所述三级热交换站（8)采用气液间接换热器
( 8.1 )， 气液间接换热器 （8.1 ) 的空气进口通过送风管 （17) 与热管热交换器 （12) 的 热空气输出端相连， 气液间接换热器 （8.1 ) 的空气出口通过排风管 （18) 与大气相连； 气液间接换热器（8.1 ) 的温水输出端通过循环水泵（8.2)与微藻吸碳池（10) 的进水端 相连， 气液间接换热器（8.1 ) 的温水回流端通过电磁阀 （8.3 )与微藻吸碳池 （10) 的出 水端相连。
8. 根据权利要求 Ί所述利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和 /或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的设备， 其特征在于： 所述微藻吸碳池 （10) 内设置有温度传感器 （8.4) 和水位传感器 （8.5 )。
PCT/CN2012/073414 2011-04-02 2012-03-31 利用电厂烟气为蔬菜和/或藻类提供热量和二氧化碳的方法及设备 WO2012136124A1 (zh)

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MX2013011165A (es) 2013-11-01
MY166414A (en) 2018-06-25
SG193533A1 (en) 2013-10-30
BR112013024553B1 (pt) 2018-11-27
AP2013007160A0 (en) 2013-10-31
KR101545605B1 (ko) 2015-08-19
SI2695513T1 (en) 2018-05-31
US9961840B2 (en) 2018-05-08
RU2013147479A (ru) 2015-04-27
US20140026473A1 (en) 2014-01-30
CN102210247B (zh) 2012-10-31
HRP20180020T1 (hr) 2018-02-09
MX344644B (es) 2017-01-04

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