WO2012132917A1 - 組織状植物蛋白素材およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
組織状植物蛋白素材およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012132917A1 WO2012132917A1 PCT/JP2012/056651 JP2012056651W WO2012132917A1 WO 2012132917 A1 WO2012132917 A1 WO 2012132917A1 JP 2012056651 W JP2012056651 W JP 2012056651W WO 2012132917 A1 WO2012132917 A1 WO 2012132917A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plant protein
- textured
- weight
- protein material
- sugar alcohol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/14—Vegetable proteins
- A23J3/16—Vegetable proteins from soybean
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/22—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by texturising
- A23J3/26—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by texturising using extrusion or expansion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a textured plant protein material having improved texture and a method for producing the same.
- a plant-like protein material obtained from plant protein raw materials such as plant-derived protein materials as the main raw material and extruded and swelled at high temperature and high pressure using a single or twin screw extruder (extruder) is a meat-like food. Since it has a feeling, it is conventionally blended and widely used in side dishes using livestock meat such as hamburger, meatballs, gyoza, meat buns, shumai, minced cutlet, croquettes, and sobo.
- livestock meat such as hamburger, meatballs, gyoza, meat buns, shumai, minced cutlet, croquettes, and sobo.
- the conventional textured plant protein material has a problem that the texture is soft compared to livestock meat and the like, and if the amount increases, the texture of the above-mentioned sugar beet becomes soft, so the amount is limited. .
- Patent Document 1 it is known to obtain a textured plant protein material that is hard, elastic, and chewy by adding calcium salts when organizing plant protein raw materials.
- Patent Document 2 it is known that a tissue-like plant protein material having a hard chewable texture can be obtained by adding citric acid when organizing a plant protein raw material.
- citric acid when calcium salt or citric acid is added, a textured plant protein material that has a bitter taste derived from calcium salt and a sour taste derived from citric acid, and has an improved texture without exhibiting a bitter or sour taste. There have been no reports to date.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a textured plant protein material having a hard texture close to that of livestock meat and having a good taste with less bitterness and sourness.
- the present inventors have added water to a raw material containing plant protein raw material, extruded under pressure and heating, and expanded to produce a textured plant protein raw material.
- a predetermined amount of sugar alcohol to the raw material and adjusting the moisture content of the raw material, it has been improved to a firm texture closer to livestock without imparting bitterness or sourness
- the inventors have found that a textured plant protein material having a flavor can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention (1) It contains plant protein raw material and sugar alcohol, the sugar alcohol content is 0.1% by weight or more in the dry weight, has a swollen tissue, and has a water absorption rate of 1 times or more.
- Tissue plant protein material (2) The textured plant protein material according to (1), wherein the proportion of the plant protein material is 65% by weight or more in the dry weight of the textured plant protein material, (3) The textured plant protein material according to (1), wherein the proportion of the plant protein material is 90% by weight or more in the dry weight of the textured plant protein material, (4) The textured plant protein material according to (1) above, which does not contain livestock meat as a raw material, (5) The textured plant protein material according to (1) above, which contains 0.1 to 20% by weight of sugar alcohol in a dry weight, (6) The textured plant protein material according to (1) above, containing 0.7 to 4.5% by weight of sugar alcohol in the dry weight, (7) The textured plant protein material according to (1), wherein the plant protein material contains a soybean protein material, (8) The textured plant protein
- Patent Document 3 discloses that sugar alcohol is added when pressure-kneading a mixture essentially containing separated soybean protein and lipid with an extruder.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a method for organizing livestock meat in which sorbitol, which is a sugar alcohol, is added when a mixture of livestock and vegetable protein is organized with an extruder. , Respectively.
- the water content of the raw material is as high as 60 to 85% in Patent Document 3, purine-like coagulated material, kamaboko-like coagulated material, and other water-absorbing ratios which are not expanded to less than 1 times even when processed with an extruder.
- Patent Document 4 is an invention for producing similar products of meat products such as beef itself and beef jerky with an extruder, and only discloses the texture of the meat, and the texture of the expanded textured plant protein material It does not disclose improvements. Sorbit is also added for the purpose of a plasticizer that suppresses the texture of livestock meat textured products (similar meat products) from becoming hard, and has the effect of adding to low-moisture and high-absorbed textured plant protein materials. Is unknown.
- the textured plant protein raw material which has a hard food texture close
- the present invention relates to a textured plant protein material and a method for producing the same.
- embodiments of the present invention will be described.
- tissue-like plant protein material contains a plant protein raw material and a sugar alcohol, the sugar alcohol content is 0.1% by weight or more in the dry weight, has a swollen tissue, and is 1 or more times larger. It has a water absorption rate.
- the textured plant protein material of the present invention has various sizes and shapes, and typical shapes include granules and rods, and the cut textured plant protein material is further suitable with a cutter or a grinder. There are flakes cut into various sizes. Any of them can be used as a substitute for livestock meat.
- the method for producing a textured plant protein material of the present invention is characterized by adding water to the above-mentioned raw material containing a plant protein raw material and extruding the mixture under pressure and heating to expand the tissue. Specifically, the hydrated raw material is introduced into a single-screw or twin-screw extruder (extruder), and the raw material is extruded under normal pressure from a die at the exit of the extruder under conditions where the inside of the extruder is heated under pressure. The extrudate is cut and dried.
- the plant protein raw material used in the present invention is a plant-derived protein material, such as soybeans, peas, rapeseed, cottonseed, peanuts, sesame, safflower, sunflower, corn, safflower, coconut and other oil seeds, Alternatively, protein materials derived from cereal seeds such as rice, barley and wheat, and extracted / processed proteins such as rice glutelin, barley prolamin, wheat prolamin, wheat gluten, soybean globulin, soybean albumin peanut albumin, etc. Examples thereof include heat treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, and enzyme-treated protein. A soy protein material is preferable in terms of easy availability and economy.
- the soy protein material here may be any material containing protein derived from soybeans, such as whole fat soybeans such as round soybeans and half-cracked soybeans, reduced fat and defatted soybeans from which oils and fats have been removed, water-containing ethanol washing, Concentrated soy protein obtained by concentrating protein by washing with acidic water or the like, further separated soy protein or soy milk, hydrolyzate thereof, okara, whey, etc. are exemplified, and at least one of these can be selected. In particular, it is preferable to use defatted soybeans in terms of cost.
- the proportion of the plant protein raw material in the textured plant protein material of the present invention can be appropriately set depending on the desired quality in consideration of other raw materials, but in particular, 65% by weight or more in the dry weight of the textured plant protein material, for example, It can be 70% by weight or more, 75% by weight or more, 80% by weight or more, or 90% by weight or more.
- the sugar alcohol used in the present invention is a substance produced by reducing the carbonyl group of a monosaccharide such as aldose or ketose, or a substance produced by reducing the carbonyl group at the reducing end of a polysaccharide more than a disaccharide,
- sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, erythritol, palatinit, lactitol, maltitol, reduced starch syrup and the like can be used, and these can be used in combination of two or more.
- these sugar alcohols are contained in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more in the dry weight of the textured plant protein material, preferably 0.25% by weight or more, more preferably 0.5% by weight or more.
- the most preferred content is 0.7% by weight or more. If the content is too small, the texture improving effect is not sufficiently exhibited.
- the upper limit of the content is not particularly set, but the texture of the textured plant protein material obtained as the content increases from the optimum range tends to soften, and the sweetness of the sugar alcohol is inadequate in flavor. In this case, it may be set to 20% by weight or less, preferably 15% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less, and still more preferably 8% by weight or less.
- sugar alcohol As the sugar alcohol, various isolated and purified sugar alcohols may be used, and preparations containing sugar alcohols may also be used. In addition, since sugar alcohol is contained in fruits, sugar alcohol contained in beverages such as fruit juice juice can also be used. Moreover, the sugar alcohol contained in confectionery, such as a candy, can also be used as another foodstuff. These amounts used are adjusted so that the sugar alcohol contained is within the above range.
- the sugar alcohol content in the tissue-like plant protein material can be quantified according to a method which is officially known or described in known literature. For example, it can be quantified by a method of performing liquid chromatography using a strongly acidic cation exchange resin column, which is a method shown in the Food Additives Official Document.
- fats and oils can be used as a raw material for the textured plant protein material.
- the fats and oils contained in a whole fat soybean can be utilized.
- Oils and fats to be added include vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, corn oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, cocoa butter, fish oil, whale oil, milk fat, beef tallow, Animal fats and oils such as pork fat, and oils and the like obtained by separating, curing and transesterifying these can be used.
- the amount of oil to be added is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.01 to 6% by weight with respect to the dry weight of the raw material of the textured plant protein material. Appropriately, 0.1 to 12% by weight with respect to the dry weight of the raw material of the textured plant protein material is suitable. When there is too much quantity of the fats and oils to add, swelling will be suppressed and it will become the food texture different from livestock meat which the water absorption rate described below fell.
- the pressure heating can be performed according to a known method using a known extruder (extruder) such as a single screw extruder or a twin screw extruder. It is preferable to use an extruder having two or more shafts that are kneaded and easy to organize stably, and the extruder feeds the raw material by a screw through the raw material supply port and barrel, mixing, pressurizing (compressing), and heating mechanism. It is preferable to use one having a die attached to the tip barrel.
- a known extruder extruder
- extruder such as a single screw extruder or a twin screw extruder. It is preferable to use an extruder having two or more shafts that are kneaded and easy to organize stably, and the extruder feeds the raw material by a screw through the raw material supply port and barrel, mixing, pressurizing (compressing), and heating mechanism. It is preferable to use one having a die attached to the tip barrel.
- water When the raw material of the textured plant protein material is supplied to the extruder, water is added. In the production method of the present invention, it is important to add water so that the water content of the entire raw material supplied to the extruder is 15 to 50% by weight, preferably 20 to 40% by weight. If the total amount of water in the raw material is excessive, swelling is suppressed, and a textured plant protein material having a texture different from that of livestock meat having a reduced water absorption rate described below is generated, which is not preferable.
- the water used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and an aqueous solvent containing a water-soluble component can be used as long as it does not affect swelling, flavor, and the like.
- the organization conditions for supplying the raw material of the textured plant protein material to the extruder and extruding from the die under pressure and heating while adding water can be appropriately selected and adjusted based on known conditions.
- the heating condition is preferably a tip barrel temperature of 120 to 220 ° C, more preferably 140 to 200 ° C.
- the die pressure at the barrel tip is preferably 2 to 100 kg / cm 2, more preferably 5 to 40 kg / cm 2.
- the type of the die can be a die that is extruded in the screw feeding direction of the extruder or a so-called peripheral die that is extruded in the outer peripheral direction of the feeding direction.
- the diameter of the die can be appropriately determined depending on the size of the desired product.
- the drying conditions for extruding the textured plant protein material from the die, cutting and drying can be appropriately selected and adjusted based on known conditions.
- the water content of the textured plant protein material obtained after drying is preferably 15% by weight or less, more preferably 1 to 12% by weight, and even more preferably 3 to 10% by weight from the viewpoint of storage stability.
- the textured plant protein material of the present invention is characterized by a water absorption rate of 1 or more.
- the water absorption is preferably 1.5 times or more.
- the upper limit of the water absorption rate is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the amount of water added to the raw material.
- the textured plant protein material of the present invention has a hard texture close to that of livestock meat, but is appropriately swollen and has a water absorption rate of 1 or more. It can be suitably used for various foods such as seasoning ingredients such as sauces and dressings, soup and instant noodle ingredients, sprinkles, and fillings, as well as side dishes that use live meats such as soboro.
- the textured plant protein material is often blended with the above-mentioned sugar beet for the purpose of imparting a feeling of meat grain, preventing the outflow of meat juice, and improving the heating yield. It is appropriate to blend the textured plant protein material in a dry weight of 1% by weight or more, preferably 3% by weight or more.
- the extruder used was a twin screw extruder under the following conditions. Die: diameter 2.5 mm ⁇ 10 holes, throughput (powder raw material flow rate): 30 kg / h, screw rotation speed: 200 rpm, barrel inlet side temperature: 80 ° C., central part: 120 ° C., outlet side: 150 ° C.
- the obtained textured plant protein material was cut with a cutter immediately after the die exit so as to have a length of about 5 mm, and dried with hot air so that the moisture content was 8 wt%.
- the obtained textured plant protein material was rehydrated and subjected to a sensory evaluation of hardness and flavor by a 10-point scoring method based on an absolute evaluation of 10 professional panelists.
- the evaluation point of hardness based on each paneler's experience, the score that was considered to be the hardest was 10 points, and the score that was considered to be a soft texture was lowered.
- 10 points were considered to have the least bitterness and sourness, and the lower the score for those considered to have strong bitterness and sourness.
- an average score of 7.5 or more is “ ⁇ ”, 5.0 to 7.5 is “ ⁇ ”, 2.5 to 5.0 is “ ⁇ ”, and less than 2.5 is “ ⁇ ”.
- Table 1 The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the water absorption is obtained by adding 150 g of water at 25 ° C. to 30 g of the sample and allowing it to absorb for 10 minutes, then allowing it to stand naturally for 5 minutes using a filter cloth to separate excess water, and the weight of the sample after water absorption (W) was calculated by calculating the water absorption value according to the following equation.
- Water absorption rate (times) (W-30) / 30
- the textured plant protein material A has a soft texture compared to livestock meat and has a texture equivalent to that of the conventional textured plant protein material.
- the textured plant protein material B had a firm and firm texture closer to that of livestock meat than the textured plant protein material A.
- the textured plant protein materials C, D, and E had a hard and firm texture closer to that of livestock meat than B as well as the textured plant protein material A.
- F, G, H, and I using various sugar alcohols were all structured plant protein materials having a firm and firm texture similar to livestock meat.
- the flavor by using sugar alcohol, it was possible to obtain a textured plant protein material with reduced bitterness and acidity of the textured plant protein material itself.
- Example 2 Comparison of raw material moisture at the time of organization and other materials Similar to Experimental example 1, the raw material was heated and pressurized in the formulation shown in Table 2 and organized. Further, the sample was dried in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 and evaluated by a panel. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the textured plant protein material J could not be evaluated because it was not organized due to lack of water necessary for organization.
- the textured plant protein materials K and L had a hard and firm texture similar to livestock meat, similar to the textured plant protein material C of Experimental Example 1.
- the textured plant protein material M had a water absorption rate of less than 1 time, and had a texture different from that of unswollen, loose meat.
- the tissue-like plant protein materials N and O had a hard and firm texture similar to livestock meat, but the bitterness and sourness of the added calcium salt and citric acid were strong, resulting in an unfavorable flavor. It was.
- Example 3 Influence of increase in sugar alcohol addition amount The influence on the quality of the textured plant protein material obtained when the sugar alcohol addition amount was further increased than in experimental example 1 was examined.
- the raw materials were heated and pressurized in the formulation shown in Table 3 and organized. Further, the sample was dried in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 and evaluated by a panel. In this example, mannitol was used instead of xylitol. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3 below.
- a textured plant protein material with less bitterness and less sourness that is less susceptible to restrictions on the amount of sugar beet, etc., improved to a firm texture closer to livestock meat. Can be provided.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
そこで本発明は、より畜肉に近い硬い食感を有し、かつ苦味や酸味の少ない風味の良好な組織状植物蛋白素材を提供することを目的とする。
(1)植物蛋白原料と糖アルコールを含有し、糖アルコールの含量が乾燥重量中0.1重量%以上であり、膨化された組織を有し、かつ1倍以上の吸水率を有することを特徴とする組織状植物蛋白素材、
(2)植物蛋白原料の割合が、組織状植物蛋白素材の乾燥重量中65重量%以上である、前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(3)植物蛋白原料の割合が、組織状植物蛋白素材の乾燥重量中90重量%以上である、前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(4)畜肉を原料として含まない、前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(5)乾燥重量中、糖アルコールを0.1~20重量%含有する前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(6)乾燥重量中、糖アルコールを0.7~4.5重量%含有する前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(7)植物蛋白原料が大豆蛋白素材を含む前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(8)糖アルコールがソルビットである前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(9)吸水率が1.5倍以上である、前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(10)水分が15重量%以下である、前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材、
(11)植物蛋白原料と糖アルコールを含有し、糖アルコールの含量が乾燥重量中0.5~4.5重量%であり、畜肉を原料として含まず、植物蛋白原料の割合が、乾燥重量中90重量%以上であり、膨化された組織を有し、1.5倍以上の吸水率を有し、かつ水分が15重量%以下であることを特徴とする組織状植物蛋白素材、
(12)糖アルコールがソルビットである前記(11)記載の組織状蛋白素材、
(13)植物蛋白原料を含む原料に加水して加圧加熱下に押出し、膨化させる組織状植物蛋白素材の製造方法において、原料全体の乾燥重量に対して0.7~10重量%の糖アルコールを加え、かつ原料全体の水分を15~50重量%に調整することを特徴とする前記(1)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材の製造方法、
(14)得られる組織状植物蛋白素材が、前記(11)記載のものである、前記(12)記載の組織状植物蛋白素材の製造方法、
などを提供するものである。
しかしながら、特許文献3では原料の水分が60~85%と多いことから、エクストルーダーで加工してもプリン様凝固物、かまぼこ様凝固物やその他吸水率が1倍未満の膨化していない、本発明とは全く異なる凝固物しか得られない。
また、特許文献4は、牛肉そのものやビーフジャーキーなどの畜肉製品の類似品をエクストルーダーで製造する発明であり、畜肉の食感についての開示のみであり、膨化した組織状植物蛋白素材の食感改良を開示するものではない。ソルビットについても、畜肉の組織化物(畜肉類似品)の食感が硬くなるのを抑制する可塑剤の目的で添加されており、低水分かつ高吸水率の膨化した組織状植物蛋白素材に対する添加効果については不明である。
本発明の組織状植物蛋白素材は、植物蛋白原料と糖アルコールを含有し、糖アルコールの含量が乾燥重量中0.1重量%以上であり、膨化された組織を有し、かつ1倍以上の吸水率を有することを特徴とするものである。本発明の組織状植物蛋白素材は各種の大きさと形状を有し、形状として代表的なものには顆粒状や棒状、また、切断された組織状植物蛋白素材をさらにカッターや粉砕機等で適当な大きさに切断したフレーク状のものがある。いずれも畜肉の代替用途として用いることができるものである。
本発明の組織状植物蛋白素材の製造方法は、植物蛋白原料を含む上記の原料に加水して、加圧加熱下に押出し、組織を膨化させることを特徴とする。具体的には、一軸または二軸押出機(エクストルーダー)に加水した原料を導入し、押出機内部が加圧加熱された条件下で原料を押出機の出口部分にあるダイから常圧下に押出し、押出物を切断および乾燥する。
本発明で用いる植物蛋白原料は、植物由来の蛋白質素材であり、例えば、大豆、えんどう豆、菜種、綿実、落花生、ゴマ、サフラワー、向日葵、コーン、ベニバナ、ココナッツ等の油糧種子、あるいは、米、大麦、小麦等の穀物種子由来の蛋白素材等や、これらの抽出・加工蛋白、例えば、米グルテリン、大麦プロラミン、小麦プロラミン、小麦グルテン、大豆グロブリン、大豆アルブミン落花生アルブミン等、これらの熱処理、酸処理、アルカリ処理、酵素処理蛋白等が挙げられる。入手の容易性および経済性等の点では大豆蛋白素材が好ましい。また、ここでいう大豆蛋白素材は、大豆由来の蛋白質を含む素材であればよく、丸大豆や半割れ大豆などの全脂大豆や、油脂を除去した減脂大豆や脱脂大豆、含水エタノール洗浄や酸性水洗浄等により蛋白質を濃縮した濃縮大豆蛋白、さらには分離大豆蛋白または豆乳、ならびにそれらの加水分解物、オカラ、ホエー等が例示され、これらの少なくとも1種以上を選択できる。とりわけ、コストの面から脱脂大豆を用いることが好ましい。
本発明で用いる糖アルコールは、アルドースやケトース等の単糖類のカルボニル基が還元されて生成される物質や、二糖類以上の多糖類の還元末端のカルボニル基が還元されて生成する物質であり、例えばソルビトール、キシリトール、マンニトール、エリスリトール、パラチニット、ラクチトール、マルチトール、還元水飴などが使用でき、これらは2種以上を組み合わせることもできる。これらの糖アルコールは、上記の組織状植物蛋白素材の乾燥重量中に0.1重量%以上含有することが重要であり、好ましくは0.25重量%以上、さらに好ましくは0.5重量%以上、最も好ましくは0.7重量%以上含有させるようにすることが適当である。含有量が少なすぎると、食感改良効果が十分には表れにくい。含有量の上限は特に設定されないが、含有量が最適範囲から高くなるに連れて得られる組織状植物蛋白素材の食感が軟化傾向となり、また糖アルコールの甘みが強くなることが風味上不適となる場合があるため、この場合は20重量%以下、好ましくは15重量%以下、より好ましくは10重量%以下、さらに好ましくは8重量%以下に設定すればよい。これらの糖アルコールは、原料中に以下に記載する種々の形態で添加することができる。
上記の糖アルコールとしては、単離精製した種々の糖アルコールを使用しても良いし、糖アルコールを含む製剤を用いることもできる。また、糖アルコールは果実類に含有されているため、果汁ジュースなどの飲料等に含まれる糖アルコールを用いることもできる。また、その他の食品として、キャンディー等の菓子類に含まれる糖アルコールを用いることもできる。これらの使用量は、含まれる糖アルコールが上記した範囲となる様に調整される。
組織状植物蛋白素材中の糖アルコールの含量は、公定されているか公知の文献に記載されている方法に準じて定量することができる。例えば、食品添加物公定書に示されている方法である強酸性陽イオン交換樹脂のカラムを用いた液体クロマトグラフィーを行なう方法で定量することができる。
組織状植物蛋白素材の原料としては、他に油脂を用いることができる。また、植物蛋白原料として脱脂していない圧扁大豆を併用する場合は、全脂大豆に含まれる油脂を利用することができる。添加する油脂としては大豆油、菜種油、ヒマワリ油、ベニバナ油、コーン油、米糠油、ゴマ油、パーム油、パーム核油、ヤシ油、カカオバター、などの植物油脂、魚油、鯨油、乳脂、牛脂、豚脂などの動物油脂、およびこれらを分別、硬化、エステル交換した油脂などを用いることができる。
植物蛋白原料に糖アルコールを加えた原料には、油脂の他、グルテン、卵白、カゼイン等のその他の蛋白や、澱粉、多糖類、調味料、食物繊維、ゲル化剤、その他の公知の添加物を加えることもできる。
ただし、畜肉については動物性の原料であり、これを加えると植物性の蛋白素材とは言い難くなり、また畜肉は衛生面から取扱にくいため含まないことが好ましい。
加圧加熱は、一軸押出機や二軸押出機などの公知の押出機(エクストルーダー)を用い、公知の方法に従って行うことができる。混練が強く安定的に組織化しやすい二軸以上の軸を有する押出機を用いることが好ましく、押出機は、原料供給口、バレル内をスクリューにより原料送り、混合、加圧(圧縮)、加熱機構を有し、先端バレルに装着したダイを有するものを用いることが好ましい。
組織状植物蛋白素材の原料を、押出機に供給する際に、加水を行う。本発明の製造方法では、押出機に供給される原料全体の水分が15~50重量%、好ましくは20~40重量%となるように加水することが重要である。原料全体の水分が多すぎると、膨化が抑制され、以下に記載する吸水率が低下した、畜肉とは異なる食感の組織状植物蛋白素材が生じ、好ましくない。また、本発明に用いる水は特に制限するものではなく、膨化、風味等に影響のない範囲で水溶性成分を含む水性溶媒を用いることができる。
組織状植物蛋白素材の原料を押出機に供給し、加水しながら加圧加熱下にダイより押し出す際の組織化条件は公知の条件に基づいて適宜選択および調整できる。非限定的な例を示すと、加熱条件は先端バレル温度120~220℃が好ましく、140~200℃がさらに好ましい。加圧条件はバレル先端のダイ圧力が2~100kg/cm2が好ましく、5~40kg/cm2がさらに適当である。
本発明において、組織状植物蛋白素材をダイより押し出し、切断および乾燥する際の乾燥条件は公知の条件に基づいて適宜選択および調整できる。非限定的な例を示すと、流動層乾燥機を用い、60℃~100℃の熱風に組織状植物蛋白素材を10分間~30分間曝すことによって乾燥させることが適当である。また、乾燥後に得られる組織状植物蛋白素材の水分は、保存性の点から15重量%以下が好ましく、1~12重量%がさらに好ましく、3~10重量%がさらに適当である。
本発明の組織状植物蛋白素材は、吸水率が1倍以上であることが特徴である。好ましくは吸水率が1.5倍以上であることが適当である。吸水率が1倍より低いと未膨化のぼそぼそとした畜肉とは異なる食感になってしまい、本発明の特徴とする畜肉に近い食感から異なる食感の組織状植物蛋白素材となる。吸水率の上限は特に限定するものではなく、原料に対する加水量により適宜選択できる。
吸水率(倍)=(W-30)/30
本発明の組織状植物蛋白素材は、畜肉に近い硬い食感を有しながらも適度に膨化して吸水率が1倍以上あるので、ハンバーグやミートボール、ギョーザ、肉まん、シューマイ、メンチカツ、コロッケ、そぼろなどの畜肉を使用した惣菜の他、ソースやドレッシング等の調味料の具材や、スープや即席麺の具材、ふりかけ、フィリング等、種々の食品に好適に利用することができる。また、組織状植物蛋白素材は、肉粒感の付与、肉汁流出防止、加熱歩留り向上を目的に上記惣菜等に配合されることが多いが、その組織状植物蛋白素材の上記惣菜に対する配合量は、組織状植物蛋白素材を乾燥重量で1重量%以上、好ましくは3重量%以上配合することが適当である。
n-ヘキサンで脱脂した脱脂大豆粉末100重量部に、表1に示す各糖アルコール0.5~4重量部および、組織化時の原料水分が30重量%となるように水を押出機に供給して加熱、加圧処理を行い組織化した。糖アルコールは以下の種類のものを用いた。
・ソルビトール
・マルチトール
・エリスリトール
・ラクチトール
・キシリトール
ダイ:直径2.5mm×10穴、処理量(粉体原料流量):30kg/h、スクリュー回転数:200rpm、バレル入口側温度:80℃、中央部:120℃、出口側:150℃。
得られた組織状植物蛋白素材は、長さ5mm程度となるようにダイス出口直後にカッターで切断し、乾燥機にて水分8重量%となるように熱風で乾燥を行った。
評価結果を、以下の表1に示す。
吸水率(倍)=(W-30)/30
実験例1と同様に、表2に示す配合で原料を加熱、加圧処理を行い組織化した。さらに実験例1と同様に乾燥し、パネラーにより評価を行った。
評価結果を、以下の表2に示す。
糖アルコールの添加量を実験例1よりもさらに増加したときに得られる組織状植物蛋白素材の品質への影響を調べた。
実験例1と同様に、表3に示す配合で原料を加熱、加圧処理を行い組織化した。さらに実験例1と同様に乾燥し、パネラーにより評価を行った。なお、本例ではキシリトールの代わりにマンニトールを使用した。
評価結果を、以下の表3に示す。
Claims (14)
- 植物蛋白原料と糖アルコールを含有し、糖アルコールの含量が乾燥重量中0.1重量%以上であり、膨化された組織を有し、かつ1倍以上の吸水率を有することを特徴とする組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 植物蛋白原料の割合が、組織状植物蛋白素材の乾燥重量中65重量%以上である、請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 植物蛋白原料の割合が、組織状植物蛋白素材の乾燥重量中90重量%以上である、請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 畜肉を原料として含まない、請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 乾燥重量中、糖アルコールを0.1~20重量%含有する請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 乾燥重量中、糖アルコールを0.7~10重量%含有する請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 植物蛋白原料が大豆蛋白素材を含む請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 糖アルコールがソルビットである請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 吸水率が1.5倍以上である、請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 水分が15重量%以下である、請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 植物蛋白原料と糖アルコールを含有し、糖アルコールの含量が乾燥重量中0.5~4.5重量%であり、畜肉を原料として含まず、植物蛋白原料の割合が、乾燥重量中90重量%以上であり、膨化された組織を有し、1.5倍以上の吸水率を有し、かつ水分が15重量%以下であることを特徴とする組織状植物蛋白素材。
- 糖アルコールがソルビットである請求項11記載の組織状蛋白素材。
- 植物蛋白原料を含む原料に加水して加圧加熱下に押出し、膨化させる組織状植物蛋白素材の製造方法において、原料全体の乾燥重量に対して0.7~10重量%の糖アルコールを加え、かつ原料全体の水分を15~50重量%に調整することを特徴とする請求項1記載の組織状植物蛋白素材の製造方法。
- 得られる組織状植物蛋白素材が、請求項11記載のものである、請求項12記載の組織状植物蛋白素材の製造方法。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012527147A JP5198687B2 (ja) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-03-15 | 組織状植物蛋白素材およびその製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011070302 | 2011-03-28 | ||
| JP2011-070302 | 2011-03-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012132917A1 true WO2012132917A1 (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
Family
ID=46930652
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/056651 Ceased WO2012132917A1 (ja) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-03-15 | 組織状植物蛋白素材およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JP5198687B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012132917A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5794373B1 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-10-14 | 不二製油株式会社 | 肉様食感の強い組織状大豆蛋白質素材 |
| WO2015190142A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-17 | 不二製油グループ本社株式会社 | 肉様食感の強い組織状大豆蛋白質素材 |
| JP7814062B1 (ja) | 2024-07-30 | 2026-02-16 | 株式会社エヌ・ディ・シー | 組織状大豆タンパク食品 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017154992A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | 味の素株式会社 | 植物蛋白質含有食品の製造方法 |
| JP6804323B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-08 | 2020-12-23 | 昭和産業株式会社 | 粒状大豆蛋白素材、粒状大豆蛋白素材を含む食品組成物、並びに粒状大豆蛋白素材又は粒状大豆蛋白素材を含む食品組成物を含有する加工食品及びこの加工食品の製造方法 |
| JP6881689B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-01 | 2021-06-02 | 不二製油株式会社 | 膨化蛋白素材の製造法 |
| FR3089757B1 (fr) | 2018-12-12 | 2021-11-19 | Roquette Freres | Composition comprenant des proteines de legumineuses texturees |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62208241A (ja) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-12 | Tajimaya Shokuhin Kk | 加工食品の製造法 |
| JPS62208242A (ja) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-12 | Tajimaya Shokuhin Kk | 加工食品の製造法 |
| JPH03127966A (ja) * | 1989-10-09 | 1991-05-31 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | 畜肉の組織化方法 |
| JPH0584040A (ja) * | 1991-03-26 | 1993-04-06 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | 可食性紐材及びその製造方法 |
| JPH06292513A (ja) * | 1992-03-16 | 1994-10-21 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | シート状食品及びその製造方法 |
| JP2003018964A (ja) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-21 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | 含脂組織状膨化食品素材の製造方法 |
| WO2009102869A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Mars, Incorporated | Meat analog product |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06311853A (ja) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-08 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | 繊維状蛋白食品素材及びその製造方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-03-15 WO PCT/JP2012/056651 patent/WO2012132917A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-03-15 JP JP2012527147A patent/JP5198687B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-02-06 JP JP2013021600A patent/JP2013078347A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62208241A (ja) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-12 | Tajimaya Shokuhin Kk | 加工食品の製造法 |
| JPS62208242A (ja) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-09-12 | Tajimaya Shokuhin Kk | 加工食品の製造法 |
| JPH03127966A (ja) * | 1989-10-09 | 1991-05-31 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | 畜肉の組織化方法 |
| JPH0584040A (ja) * | 1991-03-26 | 1993-04-06 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | 可食性紐材及びその製造方法 |
| JPH06292513A (ja) * | 1992-03-16 | 1994-10-21 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | シート状食品及びその製造方法 |
| JP2003018964A (ja) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-21 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | 含脂組織状膨化食品素材の製造方法 |
| WO2009102869A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Mars, Incorporated | Meat analog product |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015190142A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-17 | 不二製油グループ本社株式会社 | 肉様食感の強い組織状大豆蛋白質素材 |
| JP5794373B1 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-10-14 | 不二製油株式会社 | 肉様食感の強い組織状大豆蛋白質素材 |
| JP7814062B1 (ja) | 2024-07-30 | 2026-02-16 | 株式会社エヌ・ディ・シー | 組織状大豆タンパク食品 |
| JP2026031858A (ja) * | 2024-07-30 | 2026-02-25 | 株式会社エヌ・ディ・シー | 組織状大豆タンパク食品 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2012132917A1 (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
| JP2013078347A (ja) | 2013-05-02 |
| JP5198687B2 (ja) | 2013-05-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5198687B2 (ja) | 組織状植物蛋白素材およびその製造方法 | |
| JP3051178B2 (ja) | 湿性パスタ型食品並びにその製法 | |
| JP6439679B2 (ja) | 組織状植物性蛋白素材及びこれを利用した薄切り代用肉 | |
| CN101175413A (zh) | 大豆泡芙的制备方法 | |
| WO2013047644A1 (ja) | 大豆蛋白組織化物の製造方法 | |
| KR20240115869A (ko) | 조직화 식물성 단백질 | |
| JP5857302B2 (ja) | 大豆蛋白組織化物の製造方法 | |
| JP5857303B2 (ja) | 大豆蛋白組織化物の食感改善方法 | |
| JP6476536B2 (ja) | ノンフライスナック様食品およびその製造法 | |
| JP4070453B2 (ja) | 肉様食品素材並びにこれを用いた肉様食品 | |
| JP2001327253A (ja) | 組織状蛋白の製造法 | |
| US7851009B2 (en) | Process of making meat-like food products | |
| JP3543723B2 (ja) | 蛋白食品の製造法 | |
| JP7260103B1 (ja) | 大豆ミート用組成物 | |
| JP7461124B2 (ja) | 麺類生地の製造方法 | |
| JP4642806B2 (ja) | 乾燥澱粉麺様食品及びその製造方法 | |
| EP4316262A1 (en) | Method for producing textured protein material, and textured protein material | |
| KR101702715B1 (ko) | 고구마 국수의 제조 방법 및 그에 따른 고구마 국수 | |
| JP7821006B2 (ja) | 生麺類の製造方法 | |
| JP7597535B2 (ja) | 大麦粉含有大豆たん白組織化物 | |
| CA3135059C (en) | Expanded foodstuff extrudate or animal feed extrudate | |
| JP2024085252A (ja) | 組織状植物蛋白素材、その製造方法、加工食品及び食感改良剤 | |
| JP6446805B2 (ja) | 緑豆膨化物 | |
| JP2026031858A (ja) | 組織状大豆タンパク食品 | |
| CN1565226A (zh) | 肉样食料和使用其生产的肉样食品 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2012527147 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12764847 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1301005461 Country of ref document: TH |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 12764847 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |


