WO2012118184A1 - 充電電力制御システム - Google Patents
充電電力制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012118184A1 WO2012118184A1 PCT/JP2012/055396 JP2012055396W WO2012118184A1 WO 2012118184 A1 WO2012118184 A1 WO 2012118184A1 JP 2012055396 W JP2012055396 W JP 2012055396W WO 2012118184 A1 WO2012118184 A1 WO 2012118184A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power
- charger
- charging
- chargers
- control system
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charging power control system for a secondary battery mounted on an electric vehicle.
- Examples of the electric vehicle equipped with the secondary battery include an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle equipped with both an internal combustion engine and a motor. In order to drive such an electric vehicle with electricity, it is necessary to charge the mounted secondary battery from an external charger.
- the capacity of the secondary battery mounted on the electric vehicle varies depending on the use of the vehicle, but the capacity of the secondary battery of the electric vehicle positioned as an alternative to the conventional automobile on which the internal combustion engine is mounted increases. For example, it has a capacity of several tens of kWh.
- Patent Document 1 provides real-time information of power loads other than chargers in a home to a single charge controller, predicts power load fluctuations, and maximizes contract power and power load.
- a method is disclosed in which power that can be used for charging is calculated from a predicted value, and charging control is performed so as not to exceed the calculated power.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a charging device that can charge a plurality of secondary batteries simultaneously in parallel.
- the disclosed device is composed of a plurality of DC stabilized power supply circuits and a switching unit, determines a combination of DC stabilized power supply circuits based on information from the secondary battery, and switches a switch of the switching unit.
- the charging power to a plurality of secondary batteries is controlled.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a charging system for simultaneously charging the batteries of a plurality of battery-powered vehicles.
- the system includes one or more DC-DC power converters that can connect one or more charging ports to a battery.
- the DC-DC power converter is selectively connected to a plurality of charging ports to selectively cover higher port power levels.
- the DC-DC power converter connects to an AC rectifier through a DC bus, and the AC rectifier connects to an AC power source with a limited power rating.
- the AC charging system controls the operation of the DC-DC power converter so that the total power draw on the AC rectifier does not exceed the power rating.
- Patent Document 1 a single charger is assumed on the premise of a house as a place for installing the charger. However, there may be cases where multiple chargers are placed in places where a large number of people can use such as gas stations, and the power of multiple chargers can be obtained simply by providing the charger with power load information other than the charger. It cannot handle control.
- Patent Document 2 it is assumed that the maximum allowable power consumption of the charger is constant, and the maximum allowable power consumption is distributed to a plurality of secondary batteries.
- This method has the following problems.
- the charger is installed in a store such as a gas station, but the maximum allowable power consumption that can be allocated to the charger is because the power used in the store is also used in electrical equipment such as lighting and air conditioners other than the charger. Fluctuates from moment to moment. Therefore, if the maximum allowable power consumption of the charger is kept constant without taking into consideration the power consumption of other electrical equipment, and switching only by the switching unit, the contracted power will be exceeded and the power supply will be cut off, or the excess charge May be imposed.
- the charger installation company wants to set a service level according to the characteristics of the user.
- information from the secondary battery is used. Fine control is not possible just by using.
- Patent Document 3 the operation of the DC-DC power converter is controlled so that the total power suction by the AC rectifier does not exceed the power rating, but the power conversion efficiency is not considered at this time.
- AC / DC and DC / DC conversion efficiencies are designed to maximize efficiency at the rated output. Therefore, it is desirable to determine the power to be allocated so as to maximize the conversion efficiency, but Patent Document 3 does not consider the conversion efficiency.
- an object of the present invention is to charge by a plurality of chargers in the remaining allowable power range excluding the power used by other electrical facilities in an environment where the plurality of chargers operate simultaneously with the electrical facilities other than the charger. Is to perform efficiently.
- a charging power control system includes a plurality of chargers, a power distribution board that receives power from an electric power network and supplies power to the plurality of chargers and the electric equipment other than the chargers, and the electric equipment other than the chargers
- a first power measurement unit that measures power consumption by the power supply
- a second power measurement unit that measures power consumption by each of the chargers, and converts power supplied from the switchboard from alternating current to direct current
- a charger control for determining a charging current to be supplied to a connected secondary battery within a range not exceeding the allocated power upon receiving the notification of the allocated power A part.
- charging by the plurality of chargers is efficiently performed within the remaining allowable power range excluding power used by other electrical equipment. Can be done well.
- the block diagram which shows the structure of the charging power control system by Embodiment 1 of this invention The sequence diagram which shows operation
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a charging power control system 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the charging power control system 10 includes a switchboard 101, a first power measurement unit 102, a second power measurement unit 103, an AC / DC conversion unit 104, a communication unit 105, and chargers 2-1, 2. ,..., 2-N (N is a natural number), and a server 40 is provided.
- the switchboard 101 receives power from the power grid 20, and the electrical equipment 1-1, 1-2, 1-3,..., 1-N other than the chargers 2-1, 2-2,. Power is supplied to M (M is a natural number).
- the first power measuring unit 102 measures power consumption by the electrical equipment 1-1, 1-2, 1-3,..., 1-M other than the charger.
- the second power measuring unit 103 measures the power consumption by the charger.
- the AC / DC converter 104 converts the power supplied from the switchboard 101 from alternating current to direct current.
- the communication unit 105 notifies the information from the first power measurement unit 102 and the second power measurement unit 103 to the server 40 via the network 30, and transmits the control information from the server 40 via the network 30 to the charger. 2-1, 2-2,..., 2-N are notified.
- the chargers 2-1, 2-2,..., 2-N receive the DC power supplied from the AC / DC conversion unit 104, and apply predetermined power to the electric vehicles 3-1, 3-2,. Supply power.
- the chargers 2-1, 2-2,..., 2-N can output the specified current value to the electric vehicles 3-1, 3-2,.
- the charging current is determined between the electric vehicles 3-1, 3-2, ..., 3-N, and the determined current value is changed to the variable constant current circuit.
- a charger control unit 201 for notifying 202 is provided.
- the server 40 calculates control information to be set in the charger from the information of the first power measuring unit 102 and the second power measuring unit 103 and the information inside the server 40.
- the server 40 calculates the power to be allocated to the charger based on the power consumption prediction, the power contract information, and the policy information, the communication unit 401 that communicates with the charger side, the policy information storage unit 402 that stores policy information regarding power control, A power control unit 403 that notifies the charger of information, and a power management unit that performs power consumption prediction based on the power information notified from the first power measurement unit 102 and the second power measurement unit 103 404, a power contract information storage unit 405 that manages contract power for each installation location, and a charger information storage unit 406 that manages information on each charger.
- FIG. 2 is a processing sequence when there are three chargers 2-1 to 2-3 under the same power contract.
- the first power measuring unit 102 measures the power consumed by the electrical equipment other than the chargers 2-1 to 2-3 and periodically notifies the server 40 of the measured value.
- the second power measuring unit 103 measures the power consumed by the charger and periodically notifies the server 40 of the measured value.
- a connection notification indicating that the electric vehicle is connected is transmitted from the charger 2-1 to the server 40.
- the server 40 performs power allocation calculation in consideration of the information on the maximum contract power, the current power consumption and past history of the electrical equipment, and the power allocation status to other chargers.
- the server 40 notifies the charger 2-1 of the calculated allocated power value.
- the charger 2-1 holds the allocated power value notified from the server 40 as the maximum allowable power value. Further, the maximum allowable power value and capability information such as the output voltage range and output current range of the charger 2-1 are notified to the electric vehicle 3-1, and the charging condition is determined with the electric vehicle 3-1.
- the charging process is started between the electric vehicle 3-1 and the charger 2-1, and the charger 2-1 periodically notifies the server 40 of the charging status.
- the server 40 receives the charging status, if the power consumption of the charger 2-1 tends to decrease, the server 40 performs the power allocation calculation again and notifies the charger 2-1 of the calculated maximum allowable power value.
- the charger 2-1 determines the charging condition again with the electric vehicle 3-1, and continues the charging process.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the power control unit 403 of the server 40.
- the power control unit 403 monitors the presence / absence of a connection notification between the charger and the electric vehicle, the presence / absence of a charging status notification, the presence / absence of a decrease in the current value in the notified charging status information, and the completion of charging, and switches the operation depending on the status .
- the charger information is acquired from the charger information storage unit 406 (S302), and the policy information set by the operator operating the charger is obtained. Obtained from the policy information storage unit 402 (S303).
- the power contract information of the place where the charger is installed is acquired from the power contract information storage unit 405 (S304). Furthermore, an electrical facility power consumption history is acquired from the power management unit 404 (S305).
- the allocated power is calculated based on the acquired information (S306), and the calculated allocated power is notified to the charger (S307). Also, the power management table managing the power allocation state in the server 40 is updated (S308). If the charging process continues (S309: NO), the process returns to S301 and waits for the next charging status notification. When the charging process is completed (S309: YES), the allocated power to the charger is reset (S310), and the process returns to S301.
- FIG. 4 shows a change in power consumption of the charger when charging is sequentially started by three chargers.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of recorded contents of the power management table at points (1) to (7) shown in FIG.
- the state in (1) of FIG. 4 is a situation in which no charger is used and electric power is consumed only by electrical equipment other than the charger. As shown in (1) of FIG. 5, the power consumption of the electrical equipment at this time is 4 kw, and the maximum allowable power of the electrical equipment is 6 kw from the past history.
- the state in (2) of FIG. 4 is a state where the electric vehicle 1 is connected to the charger 1.
- the power consumption of the electrical equipment at this time is 2.3 kw
- the maximum allowable power of the electrical equipment is 6 kw.
- the server 40 calculates the power allocation to the charger 1, notifies the charger 1 and updates the power management table.
- the maximum allowable power of the charger 1 is 44 kW.
- 44 kw obtained by subtracting the maximum allowable power of 6 kW of the electrical equipment from the maximum contract power of 50 kw is assigned to the charger 1 according to the policy.
- the state in (3) of FIG. 4 is a state in which the server 40 has received the charging status from the charger 1.
- the power consumption of the electrical equipment and the power consumption of the charger 1 are updated.
- the power consumption of the charger 1 recorded in the power management table is a measured value at the interface portion with the electric vehicle.
- a value taking into account the conversion efficiency of the variable constant current circuit 202 and the AC / DC converter 104 is the power consumption in the immediate vicinity of the switchboard 101.
- the value of the maximum allowable power of the electrical equipment is also changed to 2 kW.
- the conversion efficiencies of the AC / DC converter 104 and the variable constant current circuit 202 are designed to maximize the efficiency at the rated output. For example, when the rated output is 50 kW and the output is 50 kW, the conversion efficiency is 90%, and when the output is 20 kW, the conversion efficiency is reduced to 80%.
- the power control unit 403 determines the allocated power in consideration of the conversion efficiencies of the AC / DC conversion unit 104 and the variable constant current circuit 202 when calculating the allocated power. For example, the maximum allowable power allocated to the charger 1 is set such that the conversion efficiencies of the AC / DC conversion unit 104 and the variable constant current circuit 202 do not fall below a predetermined threshold.
- the state of (4) in FIG. 4 is a state where the server 40 has received the charging status from the charger 1. As shown to (4) of FIG. 5, the power consumption of an electrical installation and the power consumption of the charger 1 are updated. Here, since the charging current value of the charger 1 has not decreased, the maximum allowable power allocated to the charger 1 is not changed.
- 4 is a state where the electric vehicle 2 is connected to the charger 2. As shown in FIG. 5 (5), 4 kW of surplus power is allocated to the charger 2 as the maximum allowable power.
- the state of (6) in FIG. 4 is a state where the charger 1 and the charger 2 are simultaneously charging, and the charger 3 is connected.
- the server 40 receives the charging status notification from each charger, and the information is reflected in the power management table. Since the charging current values of both the charger 1 and the charger 2 have not decreased, the maximum allowable power assigned to each of them does not change. Therefore, there is no surplus power and the power allocation for the charger 3 is zero.
- Embodiment 2 a policy is assumed in which surplus power is sequentially allocated to the chargers connected to the electric vehicle as the policy information.
- the maximum allowable power that is not zero is allocated to all the chargers in advance. A case where a policy to be set is assumed will be described.
- a maximum allowable power of 5 kw is allocated to each charger in advance.
- the surplus power was zero when the electric vehicle was connected to the charger 3, no power was allocated to the charger 3.
- Embodiment 3 In the first embodiment, a policy of equally distributing surplus power to a plurality of chargers when surplus power occurs is used. However, in the third embodiment, the distribution ratio of surplus power is changed according to user attributes.
- the surplus power is distributed to the member and the non-member at a ratio of 2 to 1. Assume a policy of
- the reduced power consumption of the charger 1 is equally distributed to the chargers 2 and 3 by 4 kW, but in the third embodiment, the charger 1 2 is allocated 5.3 kw, and charger 3 is allocated 2.7 kw.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the charger 4 of the charging power control system according to the fourth embodiment.
- the charger 4 includes a charger control unit 201, a variable constant current circuit 202, and an operation unit 203.
- the operations of charger controller 201 and variable constant current circuit 202 are the same as in the first to third embodiments.
- the operation unit 203 has a function for the user of the charger 4 to select whether to use a service other than charging when determining the charging current with the electric vehicle.
- the selection result is notified to the power control unit 403 of the server 40 via the network 30.
- Examples of services other than charging include car wash services.
- the power control unit 403 allocates more power than usual.
- (Appendix 1) a plurality of chargers; A switchboard that receives power from the power grid and supplies power to the plurality of chargers and electrical equipment other than the charger; A first power measurement unit that measures power consumption by electrical equipment other than the charger; A second power measurement unit that measures power consumption by each of the chargers; An AC / DC converter that converts the power supplied from the switchboard from alternating current to direct current and supplies the battery to the charger; A power control unit that determines power allocated to the charger based on power consumption by other chargers and electrical equipment other than the charger, and conversion efficiency of the AC / DC conversion unit, and The charger is A charging power control system comprising a charger control unit that receives a notification of the allocated power and determines a charging current to be supplied to a connected secondary battery within a range not exceeding the allocated power.
- the charging power control system according to supplementary note 2,
- the policy is a charge power control system in which, when surplus power is generated, the surplus power is equally distributed to all chargers to which secondary batteries are connected.
- the present invention efficiently performs charging with the plurality of chargers within the remaining allowable power range excluding power used by other electrical equipment. Suitable for that.
- N electric vehicle, 10 charging power control system, 20 power network, 30 network, 40 server, 101 switchboard, 102 first power measurement unit, 103 second power measurement unit, 104 AC / DC conversion unit, 105 communication unit, 201 Charger control unit, 202 variable constant current circuit, 203 operation unit, 401 communication unit, 402 policy information storage unit, 403 power control unit, 404 power management unit, 405 power contract information storage unit, 406 charger information storage unit
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
次に、本発明を実施するための形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1による充電電力制御システム10の構成を示すブロック図である。図に示すように、充電電力制御システム10は、配電盤101、第1の電力測定部102、第2の電力測定部103、AC/DC変換部104、通信部105、充電器2-1,2-2,…,2-N(Nは自然数)、サーバ40を備えている。
第1の電力測定部102は、充電器以外の電気設備1-1,1-2,1-3,…,1-Mによる消費電力を測定する。第2の電力測定部103は、充電器による消費電力を測定する。
充電器2-1,2-2,…,2-Nは、指定された電流値を負荷に依存せずに電動車両3-1,3-2,…,3-Nに対して出力する可変定電流回路202と、サーバ40からの制御情報に基づいて電動車両3-1,3-2,…,3-Nとの間で充電電流を決定し、決定された電流値を可変定電流回路202に通知する充電器制御部201を備えている。
図2は、同一電力契約下に3台の充電器2-1~2-3が存在する場合の処理シーケンスである。
実施の形態1では、ポリシー情報として余剰電力を電動車両が接続された充電器に順次割当てるポリシーを想定したが、実施の形態2では、ゼロではない最大許容電力を予め全ての充電器に割当てておくポリシーを想定した場合について説明する。
実施の形態1では、余剰電力が生じた際に複数の充電器に余剰電力を等分配するポリシーを用いたが、実施の形態3では、利用者属性によって余剰電力の分配割合を変更する。
図6は、実施の形態4による充電電力制御システムの充電器4の構成を示すブロック図である。図6に示すように、実施の形態4では、充電器4は、充電器制御部201、可変定電流回路202、操作部203を備えている。充電器制御部201、可変定電流回路202の動作は実施の形態1~3と同様である。
(付記1)複数の充電器と、
電力網から電力を受信し、前記複数の充電器および充電器以外の電気設備に電力を供給する配電盤と、
前記充電器以外の電気設備による消費電力を測定する第1の電力測定部と、
各々の前記充電器による消費電力を測定する第2の電力測定部と、
前記配電盤から供給される電力を交流から直流に変換し、前記充電器に供給するAC/DC変換部と、
前記充電器への割当電力を、他の充電器および前記充電器以外の電気設備による消費電力と、前記AC/DC変換部の変換効率に基づいて決定する電力制御部と、を備え、
前記充電器は、
前記割当電力の通知を受けて、前記割当電力を超えない範囲で、接続されている二次電池に供給する充電電流を決定する充電器制御部を備えた、充電電力制御システム。
前記電力制御部は、
前記割当電力を、予め設定されたポリシーに従って決定する、充電電力制御システム。
前記ポリシーは、余剰電力が発生した場合に、二次電池が接続されている全ての充電器に前記余剰電力を等分配することである、充電電力制御システム。
前記ポリシーは、二次電池が接続されている全ての充電器に対して、初期値としてゼロではない電力を割当てることである、充電電力制御システム。
前記ポリシーは、余剰電力が発生した場合に、二次電池を充電器に接続した充電サービス利用者の特性に応じて、前記余剰電力の分配を行うことである、充電電力制御システム。
前記充電サービス利用者の特性が会員または非会員の区別、男性または女性の区別、会員グレードの区別、および充電サービス以外のサービスも選択したか否か、のうちの少なくとも1つである、充電電力制御システム。
前記電力制御部は、
前記充電器から定期的に通知される充電状況通知、または前記第1の電力測定部によって測定される前記充電器以外の電気設備の消費電力の測定結果通知をトリガとして、各々野充電器への電力の再分配を行う、充電電力制御システム。
Claims (7)
- 複数の充電器と、
電力網から電力を受信し、前記複数の充電器および充電器以外の電気設備に電力を供給する配電盤と、
前記充電器以外の電気設備による消費電力を測定する第1の電力測定部と、
各々の前記充電器による消費電力を測定する第2の電力測定部と、
前記配電盤から供給される電力を交流から直流に変換し、前記充電器に供給するAC/DC変換部と、
前記充電器への割当電力を、他の充電器および前記充電器以外の電気設備による消費電力と、前記AC/DC変換部の変換効率に基づいて決定する電力制御部と、を備え、
前記充電器は、
前記割当電力の通知を受けて、前記割当電力を超えない範囲で、接続されている二次電池に供給する充電電流を決定する充電器制御部を備えた、充電電力制御システム。 - 請求項1に記載の充電電力制御システムであって、
前記電力制御部は、
前記割当電力を、予め設定されたポリシーに従って決定する、充電電力制御システム。 - 請求項2に記載の充電電力制御システムであって、
前記ポリシーは、余剰電力が発生した場合に、二次電池が接続されている全ての充電器に前記余剰電力を等分配することである、充電電力制御システム。 - 請求項2に記載の充電電力制御システムであって、
前記ポリシーは、二次電池が接続されている全ての充電器に対して、初期値としてゼロではない電力を割当てることである、充電電力制御システム。 - 請求項2に記載の充電電力制御システムであって、
前記ポリシーは、余剰電力が発生した場合に、二次電池を充電器に接続した充電サービス利用者の特性に応じて、前記余剰電力の分配を行うことである、充電電力制御システム。 - 請求項5に記載の充電電力制御システムであって、
前記充電サービス利用者の特性が会員または非会員の区別、男性または女性の区別、会員グレードの区別、および充電サービス以外のサービスも選択したか否か、のうちの少なくとも1つである、充電電力制御システム。 - 請求項2乃至請求項6のいずれかに記載の充電電力制御システムであって、
前記電力制御部は、
前記充電器から定期的に通知される充電状況通知、または前記第1の電力測定部によって測定される前記充電器以外の電気設備の消費電力の測定結果通知をトリガとして、各々野充電器への電力の再分配を行う、充電電力制御システム。
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US20140015319A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
US20160250942A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
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