WO2012118010A1 - 眼科撮影装置 - Google Patents
眼科撮影装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012118010A1 WO2012118010A1 PCT/JP2012/054767 JP2012054767W WO2012118010A1 WO 2012118010 A1 WO2012118010 A1 WO 2012118010A1 JP 2012054767 W JP2012054767 W JP 2012054767W WO 2012118010 A1 WO2012118010 A1 WO 2012118010A1
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- fundus
- eye
- light
- illumination
- imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
- A61B3/145—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography by video means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
- A61B3/1241—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus that performs natural fluorescent photographing such as fundus autofluorescence (FAF) photographing.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging is a technique for performing fundus imaging using natural fluorescence of the fundus.
- lipofuscin accumulates in the macular region of the fundus retina.
- This accumulated substance, lipofuscin is a kind of fluorescent substance, and emits natural fluorescence when irradiated with light of a predetermined wavelength. To emit.
- lipofuscin in age-related macular degeneration, but also fluorescent substances peculiar to other lesions, etc., by appropriately selecting the characteristics of the exciter filter and barrier filter inserted into the observation / imaging optical system, Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging is possible with the same imaging method.
- FAF Fundus autofluorescence
- FAF imaging is a technique for capturing spontaneous fluorescence of the fundus using a visible light (green light) excitation filter and a near-infrared light (red light) fluorescence filter. is there.
- Non-mydriatic retinal camera which uses infrared light to perform observation using a light receiving element such as a CCD camera and a display means such as an LCD monitor, and through an excitation (exciter) filter during imaging.
- a light receiving element such as a CCD camera and a display means such as an LCD monitor
- excitation exciter
- There is a method of taking an image and another method is to directly observe with a finder using visible light using the configuration of a mydriatic camera and insert a fluorescent filter (barrier filter) at the time of photographing.
- FAF imaging itself is non-invasive fluorescence imaging that can be performed without using a drug (for example, without the need for intravenous injection of a fluorescent agent). Since pupils are used, there is a problem that the burden on the subject is great. In addition, when performing non-mydriatic photography, there is a problem that the FAF image becomes dark because fading due to the visual material does not occur.
- fundus autofluorescence is said to be enhanced by fundus autofluorescence (FAF) due to fading of the visual material.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- the subject's eye is photographed by the non-mydriatic photographing method, if the subject's eye before photographing is irradiated with visible light, the subject's eye will be condensed, which makes it difficult to photograph the non-mydriatic pupil. Therefore, it is required to irradiate faint visible light at a level that does not cause miosis, and to promote fading of the visual substance without causing miosis.
- the problem of the present invention is that it does not require complicated image processing such as photographing / combination of a plurality of fundus images, and particularly in non-mydriatic photographing methods, fading of the visual matter is promoted by using weak visible light, and the fundus In natural fluorescence photography such as spontaneous fluorescence (FAF) photography, a brighter fundus image can be obtained.
- image processing such as photographing / combination of a plurality of fundus images, and particularly in non-mydriatic photographing methods, fading of the visual matter is promoted by using weak visible light, and the fundus
- natural fluorescence photography such as spontaneous fluorescence (FAF) photography, a brighter fundus image can be obtained.
- an illumination optical system that illuminates the fundus of the eye to be inspected with illumination light from an illumination light source, and a fundus image illuminated by illumination light that is irradiated onto the fundus by the illumination optical system.
- a second electronic imaging means for taking a still image, and following the eye observation period for observing the fundus of the eye to be examined using the first electronic imaging means, the second electronic imaging means in response to a shutter operation.
- An ophthalmologic photographing apparatus that captures a still image of an eye to be inspected by the electronic imaging means and records it as acquired still image information, which is detachably provided in the optical path of the illumination optical system, and that captures the natural fluorescence of the fundus of the eye to be inspected.
- Exciting for shooting A barrier filter for photographing natural fluorescence of the fundus of the eye to be examined, and an adjustment for changing the ratio of the visible light component and the infrared light component of the illumination light.
- a configuration provided with means was adopted.
- the first electronic imaging means for infrared light is used.
- the ratio of the visible light component and the infrared light component of the illumination light source is changed via the adjusting means during the eye observation period for observing the fundus of the optometer, and the eye to be inspected that interferes with the subsequent natural fluorescence photography.
- Faint visible light facilitating fading of the fundus visual matter in the range where no miosis occurs, especially in non-mydriatic photography, fading of the fundus visual matter due to weak visible light And a brighter fundus image can be obtained in natural fluorescence photography such as fundus autofluorescence (FAF) photography.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a fundus camera capable of photographing a fundus in a non-mydriatic photographing mode and a mydriatic photographing mode as an embodiment of an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus adopting the present invention.
- visible fluorescence imaging is performed in the mydriatic imaging mode, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging (natural fluorescence imaging), infrared light observation / imaging, and infrared fluorescence in the non-mydriatic imaging mode.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- ICG infrared fluorescence
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an illumination optical system that projects illumination light from illumination light sources (lamps LA and LA ') onto the fundus of the eye to be examined.
- illumination light sources lamps LA and LA '
- a light source unit that generates visible illumination light including excitation light and an infrared light source unit are arranged.
- Each of these light source units uses lamps (halogen lamps) LA and LA ′ as light sources that generate infrared light and visible light, and these lamps LA and LA ′ are centered on the curvatures of the spherical mirrors M1 and M1 ′. Has been placed.
- condenser lenses L1 and L1 ′ are arranged, and in front of the condenser lens L1, a filter F1 having characteristics of cutting infrared light and transmitting visible light is in front of the condenser lens L1 ′. Is provided with a filter F1 ′ having infrared transmission and visible light cut characteristics.
- the filter F1 is for transmitting only visible illumination light in the direction of the eye to be examined, and cuts an infrared light region of approximately 800 nm or more and transmits the visible region below that.
- the filter F1 ' has a characteristic that, contrary to the filter F1, a visible light region including excitation light of approximately 800 nm or less is cut and an infrared region higher than that is transmitted.
- Illumination light from the above two light source units can be irradiated through a mirror M0 having infrared light reflection and visible light transmission characteristics, and these illumination light is reflected by a total reflection mirror M2 via a condenser lens L2. Then, the light passes through relay lenses L3 and L4, is reflected by a perforated total reflection mirror M3 having a hole in the center, and then enters the fundus Er from the pupil Ep of the eye E through the objective lens L5.
- the switching operation means 121 which will be described later, or further the switching unit 122 can control the lighting and extinction of the lamps LA and LA ′ of the two light source units and the light quantity thereof, and can control the visible light component and the infrared light component of the illumination light source.
- An adjusting means for changing the ratio is configured.
- Exciter filters EF1, EF2, and EF3 are arranged at positions between the condenser lens L2 and the total reflection mirror M2 so that any of these can be inserted and used.
- the exciter filter EF1 is used for visible fluorescence imaging
- the exciter filter EF2 is used for fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging
- the exciter filter EF3 is used for infrared fluorescence (ICG) imaging.
- an exciter filter EF2 used in fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging has two transmissions of visible region excitation light (for example, around 550 to 600 nm) and infrared light (for example, 800 nm or more) as shown in the upper part of FIG. It has a region.
- any one of the ring slits RS1, RS2, and RS3 for the non-mydriatic photographing mode, the mydriatic photographing mode, and the infrared fluorescent photographing mode can be inserted.
- a strobe SR is disposed as a photographing light source between the mirror M0 and the condenser lens L2 for photographing a fundus image on a film F or a CCD1 or CCD2 camera described later.
- the strobe SR has a light emission characteristic centered on a visible region including excitation light.
- the relay lenses L3 and L4 are for the non-mydriatic mode, and are switched to the relay lenses L3 'and L4' in the mydriatic mode or the fluorescence mode.
- a black spot plate or the like for removing harmful light caused by reflection on the boundary surface of the objective lens L5 is disposed near the relay lenses L3 and L4 as necessary (not shown).
- the switching operation means 121 is composed of a switch and a necessary drive circuit, and performs switching between the relay lenses of the non-mydriatic illumination system (L3, L4) and the mydriatic illumination system (L3 ′, L4 ′), and will be described later.
- the switching unit 122 that selects the output of the CCD 2 or the CCD 1 is controlled.
- the switching operation means 121 switches exciter filters EF1 to EF3 and barrier filters BF1 to BF3, which will be described later, necessary for the fluorescence mode, and switches other return mirrors M4, M5, and M6. Controls lighting and extinguishing of '.
- a timer (time measuring means) 130 is connected to the switching operation means 121, and the switching operation means 121 performs on / off control of the timer at the time of visible fluorescent photographing or infrared fluorescent photographing.
- Reflected light from the fundus Er is received again from the pupil Ep through the objective lens L5, passes through the focusing lens L6 and the imaging lens L7 through the hole of the perforated total reflection mirror M3, and enters the mirror M4.
- the light reflected by the mirror M4 is reflected by the mirror M5 and observed by the examiner S through the eyepiece lens L8.
- barrier filter BF1 for visible fluorescent photography or the barrier filter BF2 for infrared fluorescent photography can be inserted in front of the focusing lens L6.
- the film F is disposed behind the mirror M4.
- the mirror M4 is removed from the optical path so that the fundus image is guided onto the film F.
- the mirror M5 is configured so as to be removed from the optical path.
- the light beam reflected by the mirror M4 is reflected by the mirror M6 and then reflected by the infrared light through the lens L9.
- An image is formed on the CCD 2 for observing the image.
- the CCD 2 constitutes first electronic imaging means for infrared light that captures a moving image for observing the fundus of the subject eye during the subject eye observation period before photographing the subject eye.
- the mirror M6 is a flip-up type (or a half mirror is also acceptable), and the image of the eye to be examined can be formed on the CCD 1 for taking a visible light image via the lens L9 '.
- the CCD 1 constitutes a second electronic image pickup means for taking a still image of the eye to be examined.
- the CCD 1 has a sensitivity range in the visible light and the infrared region in order to take a natural fluorescence of the fundus.
- an infrared light cut filter RC1 or a barrier filter BF3 for fundus autofluorescence (FAF) photography can be inserted.
- the characteristic of the barrier filter BF3 for FAF imaging is, for example, a characteristic that transmits through the fundus autofluorescence (natural fluorescence) region in the vicinity of 600 to 800 nm as shown in the lower part of FIG.
- the CCD 2 is used for infrared light observation (or photographing), simultaneous observation (or photographing) of infrared light and visible light, or fluorescent image observation (or photographing).
- the CCD 1 is used for visible light observation and FAF photography, and is a CCD for color photography (single-plate type or three-plate type is acceptable) and has specific sensitivity for wavelengths of the three primary colors of R, G, and B. .
- One of the outputs of the CCD 1 or the CCD 2 is selected by the switch 122 controlled by the switching operation means 121 described above, and is supplied to the subsequent circuit.
- An image filing system and a display can be connected to the subsequent stage of the switch 122.
- a display unit 123 and a recording device 124 are connected to the switch 122.
- the display unit 123 can be composed of a CRT display or an LCD display, and can display a photographed image of the eye to be examined by the CCD 1 or the CCD 2 or various related data.
- the recording device 124 can be composed of an arbitrary external storage device such as a hard disk drive, CDR, DVD-RAM, or MO, and stores a photographed image of the eye to be examined or various related data.
- a PC personal computer
- the recording device 124 may be configured as an external storage device built in the PC 126. Data stored in the recording device 124 can be shared (transmitted / received) with other inspection devices and PCs via the LAN 125.
- An LED 6 is provided as a light source for the focus dot (FD), and the light from the LED 6 is incident on the mirror M9 disposed between the perforated total reflection mirror M3 and the imaging lens L6 via the lens L10, the mirror M8, and the lens L11. Then, a spot image for focusing is formed on the fundus through the aperture of the perforated total reflection mirror M3 and the objective lens L5.
- the LED 6 is a light emitting diode that generates near-infrared light centered around approximately 660 nm.
- a working dot light source 117 is provided to project a target for alignment between the eye E and the fundus camera.
- the end surface of the optical fiber OF arranged at the one end with the perforated total reflection mirror M3 generates an optical image of working dots (WD).
- the working dot light source 117 includes a lens L20 and an LED 5.
- the optical image of the working dot (WD) on the end face of the optical fiber OF is projected onto the cornea of the eye E through the objective lens L5.
- the end surface of the optical fiber OF is disposed at a position where the subject and the fundus camera are in focus when the working distance (working distance) between the subject and the fundus camera is an appropriate distance.
- the LED 5 is also a light-emitting diode that generates near-infrared light centered around 660 nm, like the LED 6.
- the switching operation means 121 controls the two light source portions of infrared light and visible light according to the non-mydriatic mode or the mydriatic mode, and selects the relay lenses L3, L4 and L3 ′, L4 ′. It is.
- the fundus fluorescence photography visible fluorescence photography and infrared fluorescence (ICG) photography are performed using each member as in the conventional case.
- a fluorescent agent is intravenously injected to the subject, and the exciter filter EF1 for visible fluorescence imaging and infrared fluorescence (ICG) imaging are performed by the switching operation means 121 according to the timing of the timer 130.
- the exciter filter EF3, the barrier filter BF1 for visible fluorescence photography, and the barrier filter BF2 for infrared fluorescence photography are switched.
- fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging is performed using natural fluorescence from the fundus without performing intravenous injection of the fluorescent agent.
- the lamp LA ′ and the condenser lens are used in the eye observation period in which the fundus of the eye to be examined is observed using the infrared electronic imaging means (CCD2).
- CCD2 infrared electronic imaging means
- an infrared light source using L1 ′ and filter F1 ′ is used.
- the switching operation means 121 causes the lamp LA, the condenser lens L1, and the filter F1 among the two light source units.
- the visible light source is also turned on with a weak light amount at the same time.
- an exciter filter EF2 and barrier filter BF3 for fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging are passed through the optical path.
- the visible light source by the lamp LA and the condenser lens L1 is used to irradiate the fundus of the eye E with weak visible light, and control is performed to gradually increase the amount of light.
- the pupil diameter of the eye E reaches a predetermined size, for example, the minimum diameter that can be photographed, the visible light irradiation light amount of the visible light source by the lamp LA, the condenser lens L1, and the filter F1 is fixed.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- the amount of light is selected and fixed to the maximum within a range that does not interfere with imaging, thereby viewing the fundus. Fading of the substance is promoted, the fundus autofluorescence is enhanced, and a bright FAF image can be taken.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- lipofuscin is assumed as a substance that emits natural fluorescence of the fundus.
- imaging is performed using natural fluorescence from another fluorescent substance different from lipofuscin that may exist in the fundus
- F4, F5, F6, F7... are prepared, and an appropriate one of these filters F4, F5, F6, F7 can be selected and used according to the fluorescent substance to be measured.
- the barrier filter BF3 different exciters that transmit light in the wavelength range of excitation light and infrared light of different fluorescent materials in accordance with the wavelength of excitation light and fluorescence depending on the fluorescent material to be measured.
- a filter and a barrier filter are prepared, and a filter that matches the fluorescent substance to be measured can be selected and used.
- the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus in FIG. 3 is configured as a non-mydriatic fundus camera.
- the apparatus main body 10 is provided with an illumination optical system that illuminates the fundus and an imaging optical system that forms an image of the illuminated fundus.
- the apparatus main body 10 is arranged on an XY stage (not shown) so that positioning (alignment) with respect to the eye 1 can be performed.
- light emitted from the light source unit 100 configured using LEDs enters the diffusing plate 15 and the exciter filter 13 that is detachably disposed through the strobe 14 to be diffused and the eye to be examined.
- the ring slit 16 disposed at a position conjugate with the one anterior eye part (pupil) 1b is illuminated.
- the exciter filter 13 is for fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging like the exciter filter EF2, and has the characteristics shown in the upper part of FIG.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- the light source unit 100 is configured by arranging a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements (LEDs) on the substrate 101 in parallel.
- LEDs semiconductor light emitting elements
- a plurality of LEDs 102 emitting infrared light and LEDs 103 emitting visible light are arranged.
- the eye 1 is illuminated with illumination light including a weak visible light component and an infrared light component during the eye observation period, and the ratio of the visible light component and the infrared light component of the illumination light is changed. can do.
- the LEDs 102 and 103 can be provided to turn on, turn off, or control the respective light amounts, so that the visible light and infrared light required in the illumination system of FIG. Filters (F1, F1 ′) for transmitting / blocking are not necessary.
- a light source unit 100 is advantageous not only in terms of heat generation and noise compared to a lamp light source such as a halogen lamp as shown in FIG. 1, but also independently in the amount of infrared light and visible light. Since it can be adjusted, it becomes easy to obtain various illumination characteristics.
- This configuration can also be applied to the mydriatic / non-mydriatic ophthalmologic photographing apparatus described in FIG. 1, in which case the red in the infrared fluorescence (ICG) photographing mode and the fundus autofluorescence (FAF) photographing mode.
- ICG infrared fluorescence
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- the LED 103 that emits visible light is shown in a rectangular shape, but this is a convenient way of illustration that is distinguished from the LED 102 that emits infrared light (shown by a circle). It does not necessarily represent the actual shape.
- the illumination light that has passed through the ring slit 16 passes through the lens 17 and the black dot plate 18 for removing the reflection of the objective lens 22, the half mirror 19, and the relay lens 20, and by the perforated total reflection mirror 21 having a hole in the center. After being reflected, the light passes through the objective lens 22 and enters the fundus 1a from the anterior eye portion 1b of the eye 1 to be examined, and the fundus 1a is illuminated with infrared light.
- Reflected light from the fundus 1a is received through the objective lens 22, passes through the hole of the perforated total reflection mirror 21, passes through the photographing aperture 31, the focus lens 32, and the imaging lens 33, and is reflected by the half mirror 34.
- the reflected light is incident on the infrared transmission visible reflection mirror 36 through the field stop 35 disposed at a position conjugate with the fundus 1a.
- the infrared light that has passed through the infrared transmission visible reflection mirror 36 is reflected by the mirror 38, passes through the imaging lens 37, and enters an imaging device 40 that includes an infrared CCD having sensitivity to infrared light.
- the output signal of the imaging device 40 is input to the monitor 41 and displayed.
- the imaging apparatus 40 constitutes an electronic imaging device for infrared light that captures a moving image for observing the fundus of the subject's eye during the subject's eye observation period before photographing the subject's eye.
- the visible light reflected by the mirror 36 is incident on the mounting unit 50 via one of at least two types of variable magnification lenses 47a and 47b, and a visible CCD having sensitivity to the visible light incorporated therein.
- the light is received by the imaging device 53 configured as follows.
- the imaging device 53 constitutes an electronic imaging means for visible light for capturing a still image of the subject's eye.
- the imaging device 53 is visible in the same manner as the CCD 1 for capturing natural fluorescence of the fundus. It has a sensitivity range in the light and infrared regions.
- An infrared cut filter RC1 for non-mydriatic visible light imaging or a barrier filter BF3 for fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging is arranged in the optical path in front of the imaging device 53, and is used by switching according to the imaging mode. It can be done.
- the characteristics of the barrier filter BF3 for FAF photography are the same as those shown in the lower part of FIG.
- the attachment unit 50 is detachably attached to a mount 51 fixed in the vicinity of the pupil conjugate position in the main body 10.
- the attachment unit 50 takes in a shutter operation signal from the shutter 46 via the connector 52 and captures the operation signal.
- the image is picked up by the device 53 and the memory 54 that stores the image picked up by the image pickup device.
- Power is supplied to the imaging device 53 and the memory 54 from the main body 10 side via the connector 52.
- a control unit 60 is provided in the attachment unit 50 (or may be provided on the main body 10 side), and this control unit 60 performs the entire photographing operation in accordance with an operator's operation performed by the shutter 46 and the like. Control.
- control unit 60 turns on and off each light source (light source unit 100, visible LEDs 71 and 72 described below) and controls the amount of light, and also inputs and outputs images from the imaging device 53 to the memory 54, and the CCD 40 to the monitor 41.
- a pupil that calculates the pupil diameter of the subject eye 1 by performing image recognition processing or the like on the image of the subject eye 1 photographed via the CCD 40 during the alignment period. It shall include a diameter calculation part.
- the position conjugate with the fundus la of the eye 1 to be examined is indicated by R, and the position conjugate with the anterior eye part (particularly the pupil) is indicated by P.
- the field stop 35 includes the objective lens 22, Since it is arranged at the fundus conjugate position with respect to the optical system (first optical system) constituted by the imaging lens 33 and the like, the fundus image by this optical system is formed in the vicinity of the field stop, and the imaging device 40
- the imaging surface of the imaging device 37 is conjugated with the field stop 35
- the imaging surface of the imaging device 53 is conjugated with the field stop 35 with respect to the variable magnification lenses 47a and 47b (second optical system). Therefore, the fundus image of the field stop 35 is re-imaged by the imaging lens 37 and the variable power lenses 47a and 47b, and the imaging devices 40 and 53 can capture the imaged fundus image. .
- a visible light LED 71 for irradiating the fundus of the subject eye 1 with weak visible light on the front surface of the apparatus body 10 facing the subject eye 1 prior to fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging, 72 is added.
- the visible light LED 103 of the light source unit 100 is simultaneously turned on with a weak light amount, and the eye fundus of the eye 1 to be examined is weak.
- the visible light LEDs 71 and 72 are used to control the visible light LEDs 71 and 72 in the same manner as the visible light LED 103 to promote fading of the fundus visual matter and obtain a brighter fundus image Can be used.
- the fundus is illuminated with infrared light by selecting the infrared LED 102, and the fundus image is formed by the objective lens 22, the focus lens 32, and the imaging lens 33.
- An image is formed at the position of the field stop 35. Since the fundus image of the field stop 35 is transmitted through the infrared transmission visible reflection mirror 36 and re-imaged on the imaging surface of the imaging device 40 by the imaging lens 37, the fundus image is displayed on the monitor 41 as a monochrome image, The examiner can observe the fundus image via the monitor 41.
- the illumination optical system is provided with a focus dot light source 30, and a light beam from the light source 30 is incident on the fundus la through the half mirror 19, and the focus dot position changes according to the movement of the focus lens 32.
- the examiner can focus on the eye to be examined by observing the focus dot. Further, since the anterior segment lens 42 is inserted in the initial stage of alignment, the examiner can confirm the image of the anterior segment 1b of the eye 1 to be examined on the monitor 41. Further, at the time of alignment or focusing operation, the internal fixation lamp 43 is turned on, and the examiner can ensure alignment or focusing operation by having the subject gaze at the fixation lamp.
- the shutter switch 46 When the alignment is completed, the shutter switch 46 is operated, and the shutter operation signal is input to the imaging device 53 and the memory 54 of the attachment unit 50 via the connector 52, and the imaging device 53 is activated to capture a still image of the fundus.
- a signal (light amount control signal) for instructing light emission is transmitted from the imaging device 53 to the strobe 14 in synchronization with the operation signal of the shutter switch 46, so that the strobe 14 emits light.
- the fundus image illuminated by the light emission of the strobe 14 is once formed at the position of the field stop 35 and then re-imaged on the imaging surface of the imaging device 53 by the variable power lens 47a (47b). Captures the fundus as a still image.
- the exciter filter 13 and the barrier filter BF3 are inserted into the optical path, respectively.
- the still image captured by the imaging device 53 is stored in the memory 54 in the attachment unit 50.
- the still image stored in the memory 54 is taken into an external personal computer (not shown), displayed on the monitor 41, or output to a printer (not shown).
- the memory 54 itself can be configured like a cartridge so that it can be removed from the mounting unit 50, and when it is inserted into another device, the contents of the memory can be read by the device.
- the fundus image can be picked up by changing the shooting magnification using the zoom lenses 47a and 47b arranged in the shooting optical system or using a zoom lens instead of the zoom lens.
- a magnified fundus image that is not performed is photographed, and when the magnification is low, a fundus image incorporating a field stop is photographed.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging control of the present invention, and here mainly shows the fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging operation in the configuration of FIG.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- step S1 of FIG. 6 the examiner operates the joystick of the apparatus to move the apparatus main body 10 with respect to the eye 1 and performs alignment (coarse alignment) based on the image of the anterior eye portion 1b.
- the infrared LED 102 of the light source unit 100 is turned on, and the anterior eye lens 42 is inserted in the optical path.
- infrared light is irradiated to the anterior eye part 1b of the eye 1 to be examined, an image of the anterior eye part 1b by the reflected light is formed on the imaging device 40, and the anterior eye part 1b is displayed on the screen of the monitor 41. An image is displayed.
- the examiner operates the XY stage while viewing this display to perform the alignment operation of the apparatus main body 10.
- the visible light LED 103 of the light source unit 100 (or visible light LEDs 71 and 72 on the front of the apparatus) is turned on, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF).
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
- weak visible light is irradiated to the fundus of the eye E (step S3).
- the amount of light of the visible light LED 103 (or the LEDs 71 and 72) of the light source unit 100 is gradually increased every time step S3 is passed.
- step S4 the image of the anterior segment is taken into the pupil diameter calculation unit of the control unit 60, and the measurement of the pupil diameter of the subject eye 1 is performed (step S41). In the calculation, the position information of the focus lens 32 is also taken into consideration.
- the reason why the visible light LED 103 (or visible light LEDs 71 and 72) of the light source unit 100 is turned on is to promote fading of the visual substance on the fundus and enhance the fundus autofluorescence. Therefore, in the loop of steps S3, S4, and S41 to S42, the lighting light amount of the visible light LED 103 (or the visible light LEDs 71 and 72) of the light source unit 100 is controlled within the range where photographing is possible. To do.
- step S42 it is determined whether or not the pupil diameter of the subject's eye 1 obtained by the pupil diameter calculation unit has reached the minimum pupil diameter that can be imaged (step S42). If this determination is affirmed, the visible light LED 103 (or the light source unit 100) (or The lighting light quantity of the visible light LEDs 71 and 72) is fixed (step S43), and the process proceeds to step S5.
- the process returns from step S42 to step S3, and gradually the visible light LED 103 (or visible light LED 71) of the light source unit 100 is gradually returned. , 72) is increased.
- the anterior segment lens 42 is removed from the optical path (step S5).
- an image of the fundus oculi 1a is formed on the image sensor 40, and an image of the fundus oculi 1a is displayed on the screen of the monitor 41.
- the examiner While examining the fundus image, the examiner performs fine alignment with the fundus by operating the joystick, and moves the focus lens 32 to observe the dot m on the monitor 41 and adjust the focus according to the diopter of the eye 1 to be examined. Is adjusted (step S6).
- the examiner drives the XY stage while observing the fundus image, and moves the apparatus main body 10 so that a desired measurement position on the fundus image is within a predetermined imaging field (step S7).
- the examiner turns on the shutter switch 46 (step S9).
- the strobe 14 emits light after the shutter is opened (step S11).
- the fundus image data is captured from the image sensor 40 into the recording unit (step S10), and the fundus image data and the position data of the measurement site on the fundus are recorded in the memory 54.
- the lipofuscin When lipofuscin is accumulated in the retina of the fundus 1a, the lipofuscin is excited by the light emission of the strobe 14 and emits natural fluorescence.
- the visible light LED 103 (or the LEDs 71 and 72) of the light source unit 100 irradiates the fundus of the eye 1 with visible light in advance, so fading of the visual material is promoted, and the fundus autofluorescence is enhanced and brighter. FAF images can be taken. Since the barrier filter BF3 is disposed in the light receiving optical system, only the natural fluorescence from the measurement site on the fundus 1a is incident on the CCD 53, and the fundus image of the natural fluorescence is electronically photographed by the CCD 53 and stored in the memory 54. (Step S12).
- the fundus of the eye E is weakly observed during the eye observation period prior to fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging. It is possible to irradiate the visible light and select the maximum amount of light within the range that does not interfere with the photographing, and to fix discoloration of the eye fundus of the eye to be examined, enhance the fundus autofluorescence, and bright FAF image Can be taken.
- FAF fundus autofluorescence
Abstract
Description
L1、L1’ コンデンサーレンズ
M2 全反射ミラー
L3、L4 リレーレンズ
M4、M5、M6 リターンミラー
L5 対物レンズ
L6 合焦レンズ
L7 結像レンズ
L8 接眼レンズ
L9、L11 レンズ
L20 レンズ
117 ワーキングドット用光源
121 切換操作手段
122 切換部
123 表示部
124 記録装置
125 LAN
126 PC(パーソナルコンピュータ)
130 タイマー
1 被検眼
3 バリアフィルタBF
10 本体
13 エキサイタフィルタ
14 ストロボ
15 拡散板
16 リングスリット
17 レンズ
18 黒点板
19 ハーフミラー
20 リレーレンズ
21 穴あき全反射ミラー
22 対物レンズ
30 フォーカスドット光源
31 撮影絞り
32 フォーカスレンズ
33 結像レンズ
34 ハーフミラー
35 視野絞り
36 ミラー
37 結像レンズ
40 CCD
41 モニタ
42 前眼部レンズ
43 内部固視灯
46 シャッタ
47a 変倍レンズ
50 取り付けユニット
51 マウンタ
52 コネクタ
53 撮像装置
54 メモリ
60 制御部
71、72 LED
100 光源部
101 基板
102、103 LED
Claims (4)
- 照明光源からの照明光で被検眼の眼底を照明する照明光学系と、
前記照明光学系により眼底に照射される照明光により照明された眼底像を撮影する撮影光学系と、
被検眼を静止画撮影する前の被検眼観察期間において被検眼の眼底を観察するための動画を撮影する赤外光用の第1の電子撮像手段と、
被検眼を静止画撮影するための第2の電子撮像手段とを備え、
前記第1の電子撮像手段を用いて被検眼の眼底を観察する前記被検眼観察期間に続いて、シャッタ操作に応じて前記第2の撮像手段により被検眼を静止画撮影し、取得された静止画情報として記録する眼科撮影装置であって、
前記照明光学系の光路に挿脱自在に設けられ、被検眼眼底の自然蛍光を撮影するためのエキサイタフィルタと、
前記撮影光学系の光路に挿脱自在に設けられ、被検眼眼底の自然蛍光を撮影するためのバリアフィルタと、
前記照明光の可視光成分と赤外光成分の比率を変更する調節手段を設けたことを特徴とする眼科撮影装置。 - 前記調節手段は、前記照明光源の照明光の可視光成分と赤外光成分をそれぞれ独立して光量を調整可能な調節手段であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の眼科撮影装置。
- 自然蛍光撮影モードにおいて、前記被検眼眼底の自然蛍光を撮影するためのエキサイタフィルタが前記照明光学系の光路に挿入されている場合には、前記調節手段による可視照明光の照明光源の光量調整は前眼部アライメント時のみ可能であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の眼科撮影装置。
- 自然蛍光撮影モードにおいて、前記被検眼眼底の自然蛍光を撮影するためのエキサイタフィルタが前記照明光学系の光路に挿入されている場合には、被検眼に対する前眼部アライメントが達成された後、前記調節手段を介して前記照明光源の照明光の可視光成分の光量を徐々に増加させ、被検眼瞳孔径が所定の大きさまで縮小したことを検知すると前記照明光源の照明光の可視光成分の光量可視光の光量を固定し、眼底アライメントモードに移行することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の眼科撮影装置。
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JP2013502331A JPWO2012118010A1 (ja) | 2011-03-02 | 2012-02-27 | 眼科撮影装置 |
EP12752571.5A EP2682048A4 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2012-02-27 | OPHTHALMOLOGICAL IMAGING APPARATUS |
US13/983,645 US20130329189A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2012-02-27 | Ophthalmologic photography apparatus |
KR1020137020671A KR20140038937A (ko) | 2011-03-02 | 2012-02-27 | 안과 촬영 장치 |
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US (1) | US20130329189A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2682048A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2012118010A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20140038937A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012118010A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2016136858A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | 興和株式会社 | 眼底撮影システム |
EP2979621A4 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-11-23 | Topcon Corp | SLITLAMP MICROSCOPE |
JP2018000619A (ja) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-01-11 | 株式会社ニデック | 走査型レーザー検眼鏡 |
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US10702142B1 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2020-07-07 | Verily Life Sciences Llc | Functional retinal imaging with improved accuracy |
US10827924B2 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2020-11-10 | Verily Life Sciences Llc | Dynamic illumination during retinal burst imaging |
US11045083B2 (en) | 2017-10-17 | 2021-06-29 | Verily Life Sciences Llc | Flash optimization during retinal burst imaging |
US10708473B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2020-07-07 | Verily Life Sciences Llc | Ocular imaging with illumination in image path |
US11617504B2 (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2023-04-04 | Verily Life Sciences Llc | Retinal camera with dynamic illuminator for expanding eyebox |
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KR20140038937A (ko) | 2014-03-31 |
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