WO2012114986A1 - 硬化性組成物及びその硬化物 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物及びその硬化物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012114986A1 WO2012114986A1 PCT/JP2012/053755 JP2012053755W WO2012114986A1 WO 2012114986 A1 WO2012114986 A1 WO 2012114986A1 JP 2012053755 W JP2012053755 W JP 2012053755W WO 2012114986 A1 WO2012114986 A1 WO 2012114986A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
- C08K5/5425—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one C=C bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F292/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to inorganic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a specific curable composition and a cured product obtained by curing the composition, which is excellent in transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness, and has a low Abbe number.
- optical lenses In recent years, materials with excellent optical performance have been demanded with the development of technology in the optical industry such as optical equipment, optical communication, and displays.
- the material include optical lenses, optical disk substrates, plastic substrates for liquid crystal display elements, color filter substrates, plastic substrates for organic EL display elements, solar cell substrates, touch panels, optical elements, optical waveguides, and LED sealing materials.
- optical performance of optical lenses, optical elements, and optical waveguide materials there is a strong demand for optical performance of optical lenses, optical elements, and optical waveguide materials.
- inorganic glass is often used as a material for forming a liquid crystal display element substrate, a color filter substrate, an organic EL display element substrate, a solar cell substrate, a touch panel, and the like.
- a plastic material instead of a glass plate because of problems such as the glass plate is easily broken, cannot be bent, has a large specific gravity, and is not suitable for weight reduction.
- the above optical material for example, a substrate for a liquid crystal display element, is required to have high transparency because it transmits light.
- these optical materials are often arranged on the outermost side in the final product, and may be damaged by touching the outside air, people, and other things, and thus are required to have excellent surface hardness.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-77321
- Patent Document 1 is composed of an amorphous thermoplastic resin and a bis (meth) acrylate curable by active energy rays.
- a member obtained by curing a resin composition with active energy rays is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 describes that the member can be suitably used for an optical lens, an optical disk substrate, a plastic liquid crystal substrate, and the like instead of the glass substrate.
- the transparency of the member may be reduced. is there.
- Patent Document 2 a silica-based polycondensate obtained by hydrolyzing and polycondensing a specific silane compound in a colloidal silica dispersion is used as a radical polymerizable compound such as methyl methacrylate.
- a curable composition uniformly dispersed in a vinyl compound or a bisphenol A type ethylene oxide-modified (meth) acrylate is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 describes that the composition can give a cured product excellent in transparency and rigidity, and the cured product is useful for applications such as optical material applications.
- cured material is not made
- polycarbonate is an example of a plastic material conventionally used for optical lenses.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-90901 (Patent Document 3) is formed from a copolymerized polycarbonate resin obtained from a dihydroxy compound component containing cyclohexanedimethanol and a specific bisphenol in a certain ratio, and a polycarbonate resin blend thereof.
- a plastic lens, an optical disk substrate, a light diffusion plate, a light guide plate, and the like are disclosed.
- the plastic material obtained from the invention disclosed in this patent document solves the problem of achieving high transparency, high impact resistance, and an excellent balance between Abbe number and refractive index (Abbe number is 31 to 48). ing.
- the plastic material is insufficient in terms of heat resistance.
- JP-A-2002-97217 discloses that a specific amount of a polymerization inhibitor is blended with a sulfur-containing (meth) acrylate compound together with a polymerization initiator so that the balance of refractive index, fluidity and the like is balanced. From the viewpoint, a composition excellent in handling property from the viewpoint of production, and an optical material having a high refractive index and high transparency in a molded product after curing obtained from the composition are described.
- the transparency of the composition itself has been studied, there is no specific description of transparency regarding a cured product obtained by curing the composition, and the heat resistance is also examined. It has not been. And since the said hardened
- the present situation is that no material having excellent transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness and having a low Abbe number has been developed.
- the present invention has been made in the background of such circumstances, and the problem to be solved is that a cured product obtained by curing is excellent in transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness, and has an Abbe number. It is providing the curable composition characterized by being low.
- the present inventors have (a) silica fine particles surface-treated with a specific silane compound, and (b) (meth) acrylates having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups.
- a curable composition comprising a compound, (c) a (meth) allyl compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and having an aromatic ring structure, and (d) a polymerization initiator solves the above problem. I found that I can do it.
- the (meth) acrylate compound means acrylate and / or methacrylate.
- (Meth) allyl means allyl and / or methallyl.
- the same meaning applies to other (meth) acrylate compounds and (meth) allyl compounds.
- the present invention specifically relates to the following matters.
- silica fine particles (B) a (meth) acrylate compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups; (C) a (meth) allyl compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and having an aromatic ring structure; (D) a polymerization initiator,
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a phenyl group
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- A is an integer of 1 to 6
- b is an integer of 0 to 2
- a plurality of R 3 may be the same or different from each other, In the case of 2, two R 2 s may be the same or different from each other);
- X represents an aromatic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a phenyl group
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- c is an integer of 0 to 6
- d is an integer of 0 to 2
- when d is 0 or 1 a plurality of R 5 may be the same or different from each other
- D is 2
- two R 4 s may be the same or different from each other.
- e is an integer of 2 to 4
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- a plurality of R 6 may be the same or different
- Y has an aromatic ring structure. It is an organic residue having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R 1 represents a methyl group
- R 2 represents a methyl group
- R 3 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group
- a is 2 or 3
- b is 0 or
- the (meth) acrylate compound (b) is a (meth) acrylate compound having three or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and having no ring structure [1] to [4] ]
- the curable composition in any one of.
- the silica fine particles (a) are used in an amount of 5 to 95 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a) and 5 to 95 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a).
- the [meth] allyl compound (c) is contained in an amount of 5 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a) before the surface treatment.
- the curable composition according to any one of the above.
- the [meth] acrylate compound (b) is contained in an amount of 20 to 500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a) before the surface treatment.
- the curable composition according to any one of the above.
- a curable composition capable of forming a cured product characterized by excellent transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness and having a low Abbe number, and the composition.
- a cured product obtained by curing is provided.
- the curable composition of the present invention has (a) silica fine particles surface-treated with specific silane compounds (e) and (f), and (b) two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups (meth).
- An acrylate compound hereinafter, also simply referred to as “reactive (meth) acrylate (b)”
- (c) a (meth) allyl compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and having an aromatic ring structure hereinafter referred to as “reactive (meth) acrylate (b)”
- Reactive (meth) acrylate (b) Simply referred to as “reactive (meth) allyl (c)”
- a polymerization initiator hereinafter, referred to as “reactive (meth) acrylate (b)”
- silica fine particles (a) are used for improving the heat resistance and environmental resistance of a cured product (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “cured product”) obtained by curing the thermosetting composition of the present invention.
- silica fine particles (a) used in the present invention those having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm can be suitably used.
- the average particle size is less than 1 nm, the viscosity of the curable composition of the present invention increases, and the content of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition is limited and the curable composition has Dispersibility deteriorates, and there is a tendency that sufficient transparency and heat resistance cannot be obtained in the cured product.
- the average particle diameter exceeds 100 nm, the transparency of the cured product may deteriorate.
- the average particle diameter of the silica fine particles (a) is more preferably 1 to 50 nm, further preferably 5 to 50 nm, and most preferably 5 to 40 nm from the viewpoint of the balance between the viscosity of the curable composition and the transparency of the cured product. It is.
- the average particle size of the silica fine particles (a) was determined by observing the silica fine particles with a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (H-9000 type, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), and arbitrarily selecting 100 silica particles from the observed fine particle image. This is a value obtained by selecting a particle image and obtaining the number average particle diameter by a known image data statistical processing technique.
- silica fine particles having different average particle diameters may be mixed and used in order to increase the filling amount of the silica fine particles (a) into the cured product of the present invention.
- silica fine particles (a) porous silica sol, or a composite metal oxide of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or the like and silicon may be used.
- the content of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 80% by mass as the surface-treated silica fine particles, and the heat resistance of the cured product and the viscosity of the curable composition are From the viewpoint of balance, it is more preferably 5 to 60% by mass. Within this range, the fluidity of the curable composition and the dispersibility of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition are good. Therefore, if such a curable composition is used, sufficient strength and heat resistance can be obtained. A cured product having properties can be produced.
- silica fine particles dispersed in an organic solvent may be used as the silica fine particles (a).
- the content of the silica fine particles (a) refers to the mass of only the silica fine particles dispersed in the organic solvent.
- silica fine particles (a) it is preferable to use silica fine particles dispersed in an organic solvent from the viewpoint of dispersibility in the curable composition.
- organic solvent it is preferable to use what melt
- organic solvent examples include alcohols, ketones, esters, and glycol ethers.
- Solvent removal for removing an organic solvent from a mixed liquid of silica fine particles (a), reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and reactive (meth) allyl (c) in the method for producing a curable composition of the present invention described later From the viewpoint of ease of solvent removal in the process, alcohol-based organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol and n-propyl alcohol, and ketone-based organic solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone are preferred.
- isopropyl alcohol is particularly preferable.
- silica fine particles (a) dispersed in isopropyl alcohol are used, the viscosity of the curable composition after desolvation is lower than when other solvents are used, and the curability is low in viscosity and excellent in handling properties.
- the composition can be stably produced.
- silica fine particles dispersed in an organic solvent can be produced by a conventionally known method, and are commercially available, for example, under the trade name Snowtech IPA-ST (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- Other silica fine particles described above can also be produced by a conventionally known method, and are also commercially available.
- silica fine particles (a) used in the present invention are surface-treated with a silane compound (e) and a silane compound (f). Each of these silane compounds will be described below.
- ⁇ Silane compound (e)> By subjecting the silica fine particles (a) to surface treatment with the silane compound (e), the viscosity of the curable composition can be reduced. Furthermore, the silane compound (e) (the chemical structure is changed) bonded to the silica fine particles (a) by the surface treatment is converted into reactive (meth) acrylate (b) or reactive (meth) allyl (c) described later. ) Improves the dispersion stability of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition.
- the silane compound (e) is used to reduce curing shrinkage when curing the curable composition and to impart moldability. That is, when the silica fine particles (a) are not surface-treated with the silane compound (e), the viscosity of the curable composition is increased, the curing shrinkage during curing is increased, the cured product becomes brittle, and the cured product becomes Since cracks are generated, it is not preferable.
- the silane compound (e) is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a phenyl group
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- A is an integer of 1 to 6
- b is an integer of 0 to 2.
- two R 2 may be the same or different from each other.
- a plurality of R 3 may be the same or different from each other. .
- hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl and isopropyl.
- a substituent such as a methyl group, a methoxy group, or a chloro group may be bonded to the phenyl group as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the silane compound (e) is represented by the general formula (1) in which R 1 is a methyl group and R 2 is methyl.
- R 3 is a methyl group or an ethyl group, a is 2 or 3, b is preferably 0 or 1, R 1 is a methyl group, R 3 is a methyl group, More preferably, a is 3 and b is 0.
- silane compound (e) examples include ⁇ -acryloxypropyldimethylmethoxysilane, ⁇ -acryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -acryloxypropyldiethylmethoxysilane, ⁇ -acryloxypropylethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -acrylic.
- the silane compound (e) may be ⁇ -acryloxypropyldimethylmethoxysilane, ⁇ -acryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyldimethylmethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane are preferred, more preferably ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- the silane compound (e) When a large amount of acrylate (reactive acrylate (b) described later) is contained in the curable composition of the present invention, the silane compound (e) has an acrylic group, that is, R 1 is a hydrogen atom.
- the silane compound represented by the general formula (1) contains a large amount of methacrylate (reactive methacrylate (b) described later) in the curable composition, the silane compound (e) has a methacryl group, That is, it is preferable to use a silane compound represented by the general formula (1) in which R 1 is a methyl group. In such a case, a curing reaction tends to occur when the curable composition of the present invention is cured.
- silane compounds (e) described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- silane compound (e) can be produced by a known method, and is also commercially available.
- ⁇ Silane compound (f)> By treating the silica fine particles (a) with the silane compound (f), when the silica fine particles (a) react with the silane compound (f), hydrophobicity is imparted to the surfaces of the silica fine particles (a). Furthermore, the dispersibility of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition is improved, and the silica fine particles (a) and reactive (meth) acrylate (b) or reactive (meth) allyl (c) described later are used. As a result, the viscosity of the curable composition of the present invention is reduced, and the storage stability of the curable composition can be improved.
- the silane compound (f) used in the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- X represents an aromatic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a phenyl group
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- c is an integer of 0 to 6
- d is an integer of 0 to 2.
- two R 4 may be the same or different from each other, and when d is 0 or 1, a plurality of R 5 may be the same or different from each other.
- a substituent such as a methyl group, a methoxy group, and a chloro group may be bonded to the phenyl group as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Examples of the aromatic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.
- a substituent such as a methyl group, a methoxy group, and a chloro group may be bonded to these as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms includes not only a chain hydrocarbon group such as an alkyl group but also a cyclic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- hydrocarbon groups include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a phenyl group, and a biphenyl group.
- a methyl group, a methoxy group, and a chloro group may be bonded to the phenyl group and the biphenyl group as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- X is a phenyl group
- R 4 is a methyl group
- R 5 is a methyl group or an ethyl group
- c is 0 or 1
- d is preferably 0 or 1
- X is a phenyl group
- R 5 is a methyl group
- c is 0 or 1 More preferably, d is 0, X is a phenyl group, R 5 is a methyl group, c is 0, and d is 0.
- silane compound (f) examples include phenyldimethylmethoxysilane, phenylmethyldimethoxysilane, phenyldiethylmethoxysilane, phenylethyldimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyldimethylethoxysilane, phenylmethyldiethoxysilane, and phenyldiethylethoxysilane.
- phenyldimethylmethoxysilane, phenylmethyldimethoxysilane, phenyldiethylmethoxysilane, phenylethyldimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane and diphenyldimethoxysilane are preferable.
- the silane compound (f) described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Such a silane compound (f) can be produced by a known method, and is also commercially available.
- the silica fine particles (a) are surface-treated with the silane compounds (e) and (f) described above, and the amount of the silane compound used is silane with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a).
- the compound (e) is usually 5 to 95 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass
- the silane compound (f) is usually 5 to 95 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass, More preferably, it is 10 to 30 parts by mass.
- the mass of the silica fine particles (a) when using the silica fine particles (a) dispersed in an organic solvent refers to the mass of only the silica fine particles dispersed in the organic solvent.
- the amount of the silane compound (e) or (f) used is less than 5 parts by mass, the viscosity of the curable composition of the present invention is increased, and the dispersibility of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition is increased. It may deteriorate and gel, or the heat resistance of the cured product obtained from the curable composition may decrease. On the other hand, if the amount of the silane compound (e) or (f) used exceeds 95 parts by mass, the silica fine particles (a) may be aggregated in the curable composition.
- the curable composition may aggregate or gelate due to a reaction between the silica fine particles during the surface treatment.
- the curable composition of this invention contains the (meth) acrylate compound (b) which has a 2 or more ethylenically unsaturated group.
- the said component contributes to the outstanding heat resistance of the hardened
- the reactive (meth) acrylate (b) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and has a (meth) acrylate structure.
- an ethylenically unsaturated group may overlap with a (meth) acrylate structure. That is, for example, a compound having two (meth) acrylate structures in the molecule and having no unsaturated bond in a portion other than the (meth) acrylate structure has two ethylenically unsaturated groups, and (meta ) It is considered to have an acrylate structure.
- reactive (meth) acrylate (b) from the viewpoint of improving heat resistance, a (meth) acrylate compound having three or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and having no ring structure, and Abbe From the viewpoint of reducing the number, (meth) acrylate compounds having two ethylenically unsaturated groups and having a fluorene structure are preferred.
- trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate for example, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipenta Examples include erythritol hexa (meth) acrylate and trimethylolpropane trioxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of the latter include 9,9-bis [4-((meth) acryloyloxy) phenyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [4- (2- (meth) acryloyloxyethoxy) phenyl] fluorene, -Bis [4- (2- (meth) acryloyloxyethoxyethoxy) phenyl] fluorene, trade names Ogsol EA-0200, EA-1000, EA-F5003, EA-F5503, etc. manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., Ltd. .
- the number of ethylenically unsaturated groups is usually 6 or less.
- a homopolymer of the reactive (meth) acrylate (b) (a polymer comprising repeating (meth) acrylate compound (b) structural units, for example, an ethylenic polymer contained in the (meth) acrylate compound (b).
- the polymer may have a branch.
- the glass transition temperature is preferably 80 from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the cured product obtained from the curable composition. More than 200 degreeC, More preferably, it is 200 degreeC or more.
- a homopolymer of trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate has a glass transition temperature of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the glass transition temperature of the said homopolymer is 300 degrees C or less normally.
- trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate has a relatively low cure shrinkage of the curable composition of the present invention, and the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer is high, so that the curability is high. Since the heat resistance of the hardened
- the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer is measured by the following method.
- a temperature range of 30 ° C. to 300 ° C., a heating rate of 2 ° C./min, and a frequency of 1 Hz. Determine the glass transition temperature.
- the amount of the reactive (meth) acrylate (b) in the curable composition of the present invention is preferably 20 to 500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a) before the surface treatment. From the viewpoint of the viscosity of the curable composition, the dispersion stability of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition, and the heat resistance of the cured product, it is more preferably 30 to 300 parts by mass, still more preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass. Part. If the blending amount is less than 20 parts by mass, the viscosity of the curable composition is increased, and gelation may occur.
- the mass of the silica fine particles (a) when using the silica fine particles (a) dispersed in an organic solvent refers to the mass of only the silica fine particles dispersed in the organic solvent.
- the reactive (meth) allyl (c) used in the present invention is a compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups and having an aromatic ring structure.
- (Meth) allyl means a 2-propenyl structure or a 2-methyl-2-propenyl structure.
- the number of ethylenically unsaturated groups is usually 6 or less.
- e is an integer of 2 to 4
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- a plurality of R 6 may be the same or different from each other
- Y is a carbon having an aromatic ring structure It is an organic residue of formula 6-18.
- the reactive (meth) allyl (c) having such a carbonyl structure and an aromatic ring structure is preferable because it can reduce the Abbe number of the cured product of the present invention.
- the aromatic ring is an unsaturated cyclic structure in which atoms having ⁇ electrons are arranged in a ring, and the above-mentioned “6 to 18 carbon atoms” means 6 to 18 carbon atoms including carbon atoms in the aromatic ring. That is 18.
- R 6 is preferably a hydrogen atom from the viewpoint of increasing the curing rate of the curable composition of the present invention and improving the reaction rate of the ethylenically unsaturated group.
- e represents a viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of a cured product obtained from the curable composition and a synthetic raw material for reactive (meth) allyl (c) (particularly, the structure Y in the general formula (3)).
- the carbon number of Y is preferably 6 to 12 from the viewpoint of lowering the Abbe number of the cured product and the viscosity of the curable composition of the present invention. 6 to 10 is more preferable.
- Y include the following (h) to (p).
- aromatic group-containing (meth) allyl compound represented by the following general formula (4) and the aromatic group-containing (meth) allyl compound represented by the general formula (6) described below are reactive (meth) allyl (c ) Is particularly preferred.
- e is an integer of 2 to 4
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and a plurality of R 6 may be the same or different from each other.
- R 6 is preferably a hydrogen atom from the viewpoint of increasing the curing rate of the curable composition of the present invention and improving the reaction rate of the ethylenically unsaturated group.
- e is preferably 2 or 3 from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the cured product obtained from the curable composition and the availability of the compound having a naphthoyl skeleton. 2 is more preferable.
- the carbonyl group is 1,4-position, 2,3-position, 2,6-position or 2,7-position of naphthalene. More preferably, it is bonded to the 2nd and 3rd positions.
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- f and g are each independently an integer of 0 to 2
- the sum of f and g is 2 or more.
- two R 6 s may be the same or different from each other.
- R 6 is preferably a hydrogen atom from the viewpoint of increasing the curing rate of the present invention and improving the reaction rate of the ethylenically unsaturated group.
- f and g are 0 or 1 from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention and the availability of the compound having a biphenyl skeleton. More preferably. As described above, the sum of f and g is 2 or more.
- the carbonyl group is more preferably bonded to the 2,2′-position or the 4,4′-position of diphenyl. More preferably, it is bonded to the 2,2 ′ position.
- the reactive (meth) allyl (c) described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- (meth) allyl compounds from the viewpoint of achieving a low Abbe number in the cured product obtained from the curable composition of the present invention and the heat resistance of the cured product, it is represented by the general formula (4).
- the (meth) allyl compound and the (meth) allyl compound represented by the general formula (6) are preferred.
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- H is an integer of 2 to 4.
- i is an integer of 1 to 5.
- j is 0 or 1.
- Z is an organic residue having 6 to 18 carbon atoms having an aromatic ring structure. The definition of the aromatic ring structure is as described above.
- R 7 is preferably a hydrogen atom from the viewpoint of increasing the curing rate of the curable composition of the present invention and improving the reaction rate of the ethylenically unsaturated group.
- h is preferably 2 or 3 from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the resulting cured product and the availability of a synthetic raw material for reactive (meth) allyl (c). 2 is more preferable.
- i is preferably an integer of 1 to 3 and more preferably 1 or 2 from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the resulting cured product and increasing the refractive index. .
- the carbon number of Z is preferably 6 to 14 from the viewpoint of lowering the Abbe number and the viscosity of the curable composition of the present invention. It is more preferable that
- Z include the following (h ′) to (p ′).
- the parenthesized structure to which the subscript h is added in the general formula (8) from the viewpoint of the handleability and availability of the raw material is It is more preferable that the naphthalene is bonded to the 1,4 position, 2,3 position, 2,6 position, 2,7 position.
- the parenthesized structure to which the subscript h is added in the general formula (8) is More preferably, it is bonded to the 2,2′-position or the 4,4′-position.
- the reactive (meth) allyl (c) described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the reactive (meth) allyl (c) is a homopolymer ((meth) allyl compound (c) structural unit).
- Glass transition temperature of a polymer consisting of repetition for example, when the (meth) allyl compound (c) contains 3 or more ethylenically unsaturated groups, the polymer may have a branch.
- the method for measuring the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer is the same as described above.
- the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer is usually 300 ° C. or lower.
- the compounding amount of the reactive (meth) allyl (c) used in the present invention in the curable composition of the present invention is 5 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a) before the surface treatment. It is more preferable from the viewpoint of increasing the viscosity of the curable composition and the dispersion stability of the silica fine particles (a) in the curable composition, increasing the heat resistance of the cured product, and reducing the Abbe number of the cured product. Is 10 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 100 parts by mass. If the blending amount is less than 5 parts by mass, the Abbe number may not be sufficiently low. On the other hand, when the blending amount exceeds 200 parts by mass, the cured product obtained from the curable composition may be colored or may be insufficiently cured.
- Polymerization initiator (d) examples include a photopolymerization initiator that generates radicals and a thermal polymerization initiator.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include benzophenone, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin propyl ether, diethoxyacetophenone, 1-hydroxy-phenylphenyl ketone, 2,6-dimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenyl. And phosphine oxide and diphenyl- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide. These photopolymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the curable composition of the present invention may be an amount that allows the curable composition to be appropriately cured, and is 0.01 to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the curable composition. %, More preferably 0.02 to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass. If the content of the photopolymerization initiator is too large, the storage stability of the curable composition will be reduced, colored, or cross-linked when obtaining a cured product by cross-linking, and cracking during curing will occur. The problem may occur. Moreover, when there is too little content of a photoinitiator, a curable composition may not fully be hardened
- thermal polymerization initiator examples include benzoyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxycarbonate, t-butyl peroxy (2-ethylhexanoate), t-butyl peroxyneodecanoate, t-hexyl peroxypivalate, , 1,3,3-Tetramethylbutylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-hexylperoxyisopropylmonocarbonate Dilauroyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, di (4-t-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate and 2,2-di (4,4-di- (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexyl) propane Can be mentioned.
- the content of the thermal polymerization initiator in the curable composition of the present invention may be an amount that appropriately cures the curable composition, and is 0.01 to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the curable composition. %, More preferably 0.02 to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass.
- the curable composition of the present invention containing the components (a) to (d) described above contains the silica fine particles (a) surface-treated with a specific silane compound, the viscosity is low, Excellent handling in the state,
- a cured product that is firmly cured by a polymerization reaction and excellent in heat resistance and surface hardness is obtained. It has the same or better transparency.
- the presence of the surface-treated silica fine particles (a) suppresses the curing shrinkage of the composition, and as a result, also suppresses the warpage of the cured product (which is often formed as a film on the substrate). And prevent the cured product from becoming brittle or cracking,
- the reactive (meth) allyl (c) is contained in the composition, a low Abbe number can be achieved in the cured product.
- Such a cured product when combined with a material having a high Abbe number, can provide an optical material having low chromatic aberration and characteristics such as transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness.
- the curable composition of the present invention described above may contain, for example, the following other components in addition to the essential components (a) to (d).
- the curable composition of the present invention is, as necessary, a polymerization inhibitor, a leveling agent, an antioxidant, and an ultraviolet absorber as long as the viscosity of the composition and the properties of the cured product, such as transparency and heat resistance, are not impaired.
- a polymerization inhibitor such as polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium
- the polymerization inhibitor is used to prevent the components of the curable composition from causing a polymerization reaction during storage.
- examples of the polymerization inhibitor include hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, benzoquinone, pt-butylcatechol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol.
- the addition amount of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the curable composition from the viewpoint of the transparency of the composition and the heat resistance of the cured product.
- the polymerization inhibitors may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- leveling agent examples include polyether-modified dimethylpolysiloxane copolymers, polyester-modified dimethylpolysiloxane copolymers, polyether-modified methylalkylpolysiloxane copolymers, aralkyl-modified methylalkylpolysiloxane copolymers, and polyethers. Examples thereof include a modified methylalkylpolysiloxane copolymer.
- Leveling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the antioxidant is a compound having a function of capturing an oxidation promoting factor such as a free radical.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited as long as it is an antioxidant generally used industrially, and a phenol-based antioxidant, a phosphorus-based antioxidant, a sulfur-based antioxidant, and the like can be used. These antioxidants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- phenolic antioxidant examples include Irganox 1010 (Irganox® 1010: pentaerythritol tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) Irganox 1076 (Irganox® 1076: octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.), Irganox 1330 (Irganox® 1330: 3, 3 ′, 3 ′′, 5,5 ′, 5 ′′ -hexa-t-butyl-a, a ′, a ′′-(mesitylene-2,4,6-triyl) tri-p-cresol, BASF Japan Ltd.
- Irganox 1010 Irganox® 1010: pentaerythritol tetrakis [3- (3,5-
- Irganox 3114 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl) Ru-4-hydroxybenzyl) -1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 (1H, 3H, 5H) -trione, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.), Irganox 3790 (Irganox 3790: 1,3) 5-tris ((4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-xylyl) methyl) -1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 (1H, 3H, 5H) -trione, BASF Japan ( Irganox 1035 (Irganox 1035: Thiodiethylenebis [3- (3,5-di- Rt-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.), Irganox 1135: Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxy, C7-C9 side chain
- Examples of the phosphorous antioxidant include Irgafos 168 (Irgafos 168: Tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.), Irgafos 12 (Irgafos 12: Tris [2 -[[2,4,8,10-tetra-t-butyldibenzo [d, f] [1,3,2] dioxaphosphin-6-yl] oxy] ethyl] amine, manufactured by BASF Japan K.K.
- Irgafos 38 Irgafos 38: bis (2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -6-methylphenyl) ethyl ester phosphorous acid, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- Adeka Stub 329K ADEKA
- ADK STAB PEP36 Manufactured by ADEKA
- ADK STAB PEP-8 manufactured by ADEKA
- Sandstab® P-EPQ manufactured by Clariant
- Weston 618 Weston® 618, manufactured by GE
- Weston 619G Weston® 619G
- Ultranox 626 Ultranox® 626
- Sumilizer GP Sumilizer® GP: 6- [3- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propoxy] -2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyldibenz [d, f
- sulfur-based antioxidant examples include dialkylthiodipropionate compounds such as dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl or distearyl, and ⁇ -alkyl mercaptopropion of polyols such as tetrakis [methylene (3-dodecylthio) propionate] methane.
- dialkylthiodipropionate compounds such as dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl or distearyl
- ⁇ -alkyl mercaptopropion of polyols such as tetrakis [methylene (3-dodecylthio) propionate] methane.
- acid ester compounds examples include acid ester compounds.
- the above-mentioned ultraviolet absorber is a compound that can absorb ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of about 200 to 380 nm, change them into energy such as heat and infrared rays, and release them.
- the ultraviolet absorber is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used industrially, and is not limited to benzotriazole, triazine, diphenylmethane, 2-cyanopropenoate, salicylate, anthranilate, Acid derivative-based, camphor derivative-based, resorcinol-based, oxalinide-based, and coumarin derivative-based ultraviolet absorbers can be used in the present invention. These ultraviolet absorbers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber examples include 2,2-methylenebis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -6 [(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol]], 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol and 2- [5-chloro (2H) -benzotriazol-2-yl] -4- And methyl-6- (t-butyl) phenol.
- triazine-based ultraviolet absorber examples include 2- (4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) -5-[(hexyl) oxy] -phenol, 2,4,6-tris. -(Diisobutyl 4'-amino-benzalmalonate) -s-triazine, 4,6-tris (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2-hydroxy- 4-octyloxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (2,4- Dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (2-hydroxy-4-propyloxyphenyl) -6- (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine and 2- And (2-hydroxy-4-d
- diphenylmethane ultraviolet absorber examples include diphenylmethanone, methyldiphenylmethanone, 4-hydroxydiphenylmethanone, 4-methoxydiphenylmethanone, 4-octoxydiphenylmethanone, 4-decyloxydiphenylmethanone, 4-dodecyloxydiphenylmethanone, 4-benzyloxydiphenylmethanone, 4,2 ′, 4′-trihydroxydiphenylmethanone, 2′-hydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxydiphenylmethanone, 4- (2- And ethyl hexyloxy) -2-hydroxy-diphenylmethanone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate and benzoin ethyl ether.
- Examples of the 2-cyanopropenoic ester ultraviolet absorber include ethyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ , ⁇ -diphenylpropenoate and isooctyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ , ⁇ -diphenylpropenoate.
- salicylic acid ester ultraviolet absorber examples include isocetyl salicylate, octyl salicylate, glycol salicylate, and phenyl salicylate.
- anthranilate-based UV absorber examples include menthyl anthranilate.
- Examples of the cinnamic acid derivative-based ultraviolet absorber include ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, isopropyl methoxycinnamate, isoamyl methoxycinnamate, diisopropylmethyl cinnamate, glyceryl-ethylhexanoate dimethoxycinnamate, methyl- ⁇ -carbomethoxycinnamate. And methyl- ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -methyl-p-methoxycinnamate and the like.
- camphor derivative ultraviolet absorber examples include benzylidene camphor, benzylidene camphor sulfonic acid, camphor benzalkonium methosulfate, terephthalidene dicamphor sulfonic acid, polyacrylamide methyl benzylidene camphor, and the like.
- resorcinol-based ultraviolet absorber examples include dibenzoyl resorcinol and bis (4-t-butylbenzoyl resorcinol).
- oxalinide ultraviolet absorber examples include 4,4′-di-octyloxy oxanilide, 2,2′-diethoxyoxy oxanilide, and 2,2′-di-octyloxy-5,5 ′.
- -Di-t-butyl oxanilide 2,2'-di-dodecyloxy-5,5'-di-t-butyl oxanilide
- 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl oxanilide N, N ' -Bis (3-dimethylaminopropyl) oxanilide, 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-ethoxyoxanilide and the like.
- Examples of the coumarin derivative ultraviolet absorber include 7-hydroxycoumarin.
- the light stabilizer is a compound having an effect of reducing auto-oxidative decomposition due to radicals generated by light energy and suppressing deterioration of a cured product.
- the light stabilizer is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used industrially, and a hindered amine compound (abbreviated as “HALS”), a benzophenone compound, a benzotriazole compound, and the like can be used. These light stabilizers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- HALS hindered amine compound
- HALS examples include N, N ′, N ′ ′, N ′ ′ -tetrakis- (4,6-bis- (butyl- (N-methyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine- 4-yl) amino) -triazin-2-yl) -4,7-diazadecane-1,10-diamine, dibutylamine and 1,3,5-triazine and N, N′-bis (2,2,6,6) Polycondensation product with 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) butylamine, poly [ ⁇ (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) amino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl ⁇ ⁇ ( 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) imino ⁇ hexamethylene ⁇ (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) imino ⁇ ], 1,6-hexanediamine-N, N '-Bis (2,2,2,6-
- Bound high molecular weight HALS polymer of dimethyl succinate and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidineethanol, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid and 1,2 2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinol and 3,9-bis (2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl) -2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5] undecane
- High molecular weight HALS in which a piperidine ring is bonded through an ester bond; and pentamethylpiperidinyl methacrylate, and the like.
- filler or pigment examples include calcium carbonate, talc, mica, clay, Aerosil (registered trademark), barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, zinc stearate, zinc white, bengara, and azo pigments.
- the viscosity at 25 ° C. of the curable composition of the present invention containing such various components as measured with a B-type viscometer DV-III ULTRA is usually 30 to 10,000 mPa ⁇ s, Preferably, it is 100 to 8,000 mPa ⁇ s, and the curable composition of the present invention has an appropriate viscosity even when it does not contain a solvent, and has good handling properties.
- the curable composition of the present invention includes, for example, a step (step 1) of surface-treating colloidal silica (silica fine particles (a)) dispersed in an organic solvent with silane compounds (e) and (f), and surface-treated silica fine particles.
- Step (Step 2) in which reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and reactive (meth) allyl (c) are added to (a) and uniformly mixed (silica fine particles (a) obtained in Step 2 and reactivity Steps for distilling off and removing the organic solvent and water from the homogeneous mixed solution of (meth) acrylate (b) and reactive (meth) allyl (c) (Step 3), to the composition desolvated in Step 3
- It can be produced by sequentially performing the step (step 4) of adding a polymerization initiator (d) and uniformly mixing it to obtain a curable composition. Each step will be described below.
- step 1 the silica fine particles (a) are surface-treated with the silane compounds (e) and (f).
- the silica fine particles (a) are put into a reactor, and while stirring, the silane compounds (e) and (f) are added, mixed with stirring, and water necessary for further hydrolyzing the silane compound. While adding a catalyst and stirring, the silane compound is hydrolyzed and subjected to condensation polymerization on the surface of the silica fine particles (a). As described above, it is preferable to use silica fine particles dispersed in an organic solvent as the silica fine particles (a).
- the disappearance of the silane compound due to hydrolysis can be confirmed by gas chromatography.
- a non-polar column DB-1 manufactured by J & W
- gas chromatography manufactured by Agilent, Model 6850
- the temperature is 50 to 300 ° C.
- the heating rate is 10 ° C./min
- He is used as the carrier gas. Since the residual amount of the silane compound can be measured by an internal standard method using a flame ionization detector at a flow rate of 1.2 cc / min, the disappearance due to hydrolysis of the silane compound can be confirmed.
- the amount of the silane compound (e) used for the surface treatment of the silica fine particles (a) is usually 5 to 95 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 50 parts per 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a). Part by mass, more preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass.
- the amount of the silane compound (f) used is usually 5 to 95 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass, and preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a).
- the amount of water required for carrying out the hydrolysis reaction is usually 1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the silica fine particles (a). . If the amount of water is too small, the hydrolysis rate may become extremely slow, resulting in lack of economic efficiency, or the surface treatment may not proceed sufficiently. Conversely, if the amount of water is excessively large, the silica fine particles (a) may form a gel.
- the mass of the silica fine particles (a) refers to the mass of the silica fine particles themselves dispersed in the organic solvent.
- a catalyst for the hydrolysis reaction When performing the hydrolysis reaction, a catalyst for the hydrolysis reaction is usually used.
- a catalyst include, for example, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid; Organic acids such as formic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid and maleic acid; Alkaline catalysts such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and ammonia; Organometallics; Metal alkoxides; organotin compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dioctylate and dibutyltin diacetate; Aluminum tris (acetylacetonate), titanium tetrakis (acetylacetonate), titanium bis (butoxy) bis (acetylacetonate), titanium bis (isopropoxy) bis (acetylacetonate),
- hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, maleic acid, and boron compounds are preferable because they can be dissolved in water and have a sufficient hydrolysis rate.
- These catalysts can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a water-insoluble catalyst may be used, but a water-soluble catalyst is preferably used.
- a water-soluble catalyst for hydrolysis reaction it is preferable to dissolve the water-soluble catalyst in an appropriate amount of water and add it to the reaction system because the catalyst can be uniformly dispersed.
- the addition amount of the catalyst used for the hydrolysis reaction is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.01 to 1 part by mass, preferably 0.01 to 0.5 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica fine particles (a). .
- the mass of the silica fine particles (a) refers to the mass of only the silica fine particles themselves dispersed in the organic solvent.
- the catalyst may be used in the hydrolysis reaction as an aqueous solution dissolved in water. In this case, the addition amount of the catalyst represents the addition amount of the catalyst itself.
- the reaction temperature of the hydrolysis reaction is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 10 to 80 ° C, preferably in the range of 20 to 50 ° C. If the reaction temperature is excessively low, the hydrolysis rate becomes extremely slow, so that there is a possibility that the economy is insufficient or the surface treatment does not proceed sufficiently. On the other hand, when the reaction temperature is excessively high, the gelation reaction tends to occur.
- the reaction time for performing the hydrolysis reaction is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 10 minutes to 48 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the surface treatment with the silane compound (e) and the silane compound (f) in Step 1 may be performed sequentially, but it is preferable to perform the surface treatment at the same time in terms of simplification and efficiency of the reaction process.
- step 2 there is no particular limitation on the method of mixing the surface-treated silica fine particles (a) with the reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and the reactive (meth) allyl (c).
- a method of mixing with a mixer such as a mixer, a ball mill or a three roll under heating conditions, or a reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and a reactive ( The method of adding and mixing (meth) allyl (c) is mentioned.
- step 3 the organic solvent and water are distilled off from the homogeneous mixture of the silica fine particles (a), the reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and the reactive (meth) allyl (c) to remove the solvent (hereinafter, these are removed).
- the solvent it is preferable to heat in a reduced pressure state.
- the temperature is preferably maintained at 20 to 100 ° C., and more preferably 30 to 70 ° C., and further preferably 30 to 50 ° C. in terms of the balance between aggregation gelation prevention and the solvent removal speed.
- the temperature is raised too much, the fluidity of the curable composition may be extremely lowered or may be gelled.
- the degree of vacuum at the time of depressurization is usually 10 to 4,000 kPa, more preferably 10 to 1,000 kPa, and most preferably 10 to 500 kPa, in order to balance the solvent removal speed and prevention of aggregation gelation. is there. If the value of the degree of vacuum is too large, the desolvation speed becomes extremely slow and the economy is lacking.
- the composition after desolvation contains substantially no solvent.
- substantially means that when a cured product is actually obtained using the curable composition of the present invention, it is not necessary to go through a step of removing the solvent again.
- the remaining amount of the organic solvent and water in the curable composition is preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and still more preferably 0.1% by mass or less.
- a polymerization inhibitor may be added to 100 parts by mass of the composition after desolvation before desolvation.
- the polymerization inhibitor can be used to prevent the curable composition after the solvent removal process or after the solvent removal and the components contained in the composition from causing a polymerization reaction during the storage of the composition.
- Step 3 can be carried out by transferring the homogeneous mixture of silica fine particles (a), reactive (meth) acrylate (b), and reactive (meth) allyl (c), which has undergone step 2, to a dedicated apparatus. If Step 2 is carried out using the reactor carried out in Step 1, it can also be carried out in the reactor subsequent to Step 2.
- step 4 the method of adding the polymerization initiator (d) to the composition desolvated in step 3 and uniformly mixing is not particularly limited, but for example, mixing at room temperature such as a mixer, a ball mill, or a three roll And a method of adding and mixing the polymerization initiator (d) with continuous stirring in the reactor in which Steps 1 to 3 have been performed.
- the curable composition obtained by adding and mixing such a polymerization initiator (d) may be filtered as necessary. This filtration is performed for the purpose of removing foreign substances such as dust in the curable composition.
- the filtration method is not particularly limited, but a pressure filtration method using a membrane type or cartridge type filter having a pressure filtration pore size of 1.0 ⁇ m is preferred.
- the curable composition of the present invention produced as described above is cured to form an optical lens, an optical disk substrate, a liquid crystal display element plastic substrate, a color filter substrate, an organic EL display element plastic substrate, and a sun. It becomes the hardened
- a cured product is obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention.
- the curing method include a method of cross-linking ethylenically unsaturated groups by irradiation with active energy rays, a method of thermally polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated groups by applying heat, and these can be used in combination.
- a photopolymerization initiator is contained in the curable composition in Step 4 described above.
- a thermal polymerization initiator is contained in the curable composition.
- the cured product of the present invention is, for example, applied to a curable composition of the present invention on a substrate such as a glass plate, a plastic plate, a metal plate or a silicon wafer to form a coating film, and then active on the curable composition. It can be obtained by irradiating energy rays or heating. You may perform both irradiation of an active energy ray, and a heating for hardening.
- Examples of the application method of the curable composition include application by a bar coater, applicator, die coater, spin coater, spray coater, curtain coater or roll coater, application by screen printing, and application by dipping. .
- the coating amount of the curable composition of the present invention on the substrate is not particularly limited and can be appropriately adjusted according to the purpose, and is a film of a coating film obtained after the curing treatment by irradiation with active energy rays and / or heating.
- the thickness is preferably 1 to 1,000 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 800 ⁇ m.
- the active energy ray used for curing is preferably an electron beam or light in the ultraviolet to infrared wavelength range.
- an ultra-high pressure mercury light source or a metal halide light source can be used for ultraviolet rays
- a metal halide light source or a halogen light source can be used for visible rays
- a halogen light source can be used for infrared rays. Can be used.
- the irradiation amount of the active energy ray is appropriately set according to the type of light source, the film thickness of the coating film, etc., but preferably reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and reactive (meth) allyl (c) ethylene It can set suitably so that the reaction rate of an unsaturated group may be 80% or more, More preferably, it will be 90% or more.
- the reaction rate is calculated from the change in the absorption peak intensity of the ethylenically unsaturated group before and after the reaction by infrared absorption spectrum.
- curing may be further advanced by heat treatment (annealing treatment).
- the heating temperature at that time is preferably in the range of 80 to 220 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably in the range of 10 minutes to 60 minutes.
- the heating temperature is preferably in the range of 80 to 200 ° C, more preferably in the range of 100 to 150 ° C.
- the heating temperature is lower than 80 ° C., it is necessary to lengthen the heating time, and there is a tendency that it is not economical.
- the heating temperature is higher than 200 ° C., the energy cost is increased and the heating temperature rising time and the temperature falling time are required Therefore, it tends to lack economic efficiency.
- the heating time is appropriately set according to the heating temperature, the film thickness of the coating film, etc., but preferably the reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and the reactive (meth) allyl (c) ethylenically unsaturated group.
- the reaction rate can be appropriately set so as to be 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more. As described above, the reaction rate is calculated from the change in the absorption peak intensity of the ethylenically unsaturated group before and after the reaction by the infrared absorption spectrum.
- the cured product of the present invention has excellent heat resistance and surface hardness due to the strong curing of the reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and the reactive (meth) allyl (c), and is equivalent to or better than the conventional product. It has transparency. Therefore, the cured product is an optical material such as an optical lens, a plastic substrate for a liquid crystal display element, a substrate for a color filter, a plastic substrate for an organic EL display element, a substrate for a solar cell, a touch panel, an optical element, an optical waveguide, and an LED sealing material. Can be suitably used.
- the cured product of the present invention has a low Abbe number since the reactive (meth) allyl (c) is contained in the curable composition, and the Abbe number is usually 50 or less, preferably 45 or less. Therefore, an optical material with little chromatic aberration can be obtained by combining the cured product of the present invention with a material having a high Abbe number, such as a polymethyl methacrylate resin or a cycloolefin polymer resin.
- the Abbe number is calculated from the refractive indexes of wavelengths 486 nm, 589 nm, and 656 nm measured at 30 ° C. for the cured product. In the cured product of the present invention, the Abbe number is usually 20 or more.
- the cured product of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance, and particularly preferably contains a reactive (meth) acrylate (b) and a reactive (meth) allyl (c) whose homopolymer has a high glass transition temperature. Since the composition is obtained by curing the heat-resistant composition, it has excellent heat resistance. Therefore, the 5% weight loss temperature when the cured product is heated in a nitrogen atmosphere is usually 300 ° C. or higher, preferably 320 ° C. or higher, more preferably 340 ° C. or higher.
- the cured product of the present invention is excellent in transparency since the light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm when the thickness of the cured film is 300 ⁇ m is 80% or more.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is less than 80%, the efficiency of using light is lowered, which is not preferable for applications where light efficiency is important.
- the cured product of the present invention is excellent in transparency because the total light transmittance is 90% or more when the cured film thickness is 300 ⁇ m.
- the total light transmittance is less than 90%, the efficiency of using light is lowered, which is not preferable for applications where light efficiency is important.
- the cured product of the present invention has an absolute value of the refractive index temperature dependency coefficient of about 10.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 / ° C. or less, and the refractive index temperature dependency coefficient of polycarbonate, a material conventionally used for optical lenses and the like. Is approximately equal to or lower than the absolute value of 10.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 / ° C. and excellent in environmental resistance.
- the refractive index temperature dependence coefficient is a value obtained by measuring the refractive index of the cured product of the present invention by changing the temperature in steps of 5 ° C. from 30 to 60 ° C. using MODEL 2010M PRISM COUPLER (manufactured by Metricon). The slope of the plot of the refractive index of light with a wavelength of 594 nm versus temperature.
- the cured product of the present invention is excellent in all of transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness and has a low Abbe number. Therefore, it is combined with a material having a high Abbe number, specifically, an optical member and an Abbe having a high Abbe number.
- a material having a high Abbe number specifically, an optical member and an Abbe having a high Abbe number.
- Curable composition (A-1) In a separable flask, 100 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol-dispersed colloidal silica (silica content 30% by mass, average particle size 10-20 nm, trade name Snowtech IPA-ST; manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is placed. To the flask, 6.0 parts by mass of ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 9.0 parts by mass of phenyltrimethoxysilane were added, mixed by stirring, and 4.8 parts by mass of HCl solution having a concentration of 0.1825% by mass was added. The silica fine particles were surface-treated by stirring at 20 ° C. for 24 hours.
- Example 2 Curable composition (A-2) In Example 1, the curability was the same as in Example 1 except that the amount of DAND used was changed to 10 parts by mass, the amount of A-BPEF used was changed to 21 parts by mass, and the amount of EA-F5503 was changed to 19 parts by mass. A composition (A-2) was obtained.
- Example 3 Curable composition (A-3)
- the curable composition was the same as Example 1 except that the amount of DAND used was changed to 11 parts by mass, the amount of A-BPEF used was changed to 21 parts by mass, and EA-F5503 was not used. (A-3) was obtained.
- Example 4 Curable composition (A-4)
- a curable composition was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6 parts by mass of DAND was used, 13 parts by mass of A-BPEF was used, and 31 parts by mass of EA-F5503 was used. A product (A-4) was obtained.
- Example 5 Curable composition (A-5)
- DAD diallyl diphenate
- EA-F5503 EA-F5503
- a curable composition (A-5) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that was not used.
- Example 6 Curable composition (A-6)
- the curability was changed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of TMPTA used was changed to 26 parts by mass, the amount of DAND used was changed to 19 parts by mass, and A-BPEF and EA-F5503 were not used.
- a composition (A-6) was obtained.
- Curable composition (B-1) In Example 1, the amount of TMPTA used was changed to 23 parts by mass, adamantyl methacrylate (trade name: ADMA; manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd., homopolymer Tg 180 ° C.) was used in an amount of 23 parts by mass, and A-BPEF A curable composition (B-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that EA-F5503 and DAND were not used.
- ADMA adamantyl methacrylate
- a curable composition (B-1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that EA-F5503 and DAND were not used.
- Curable composition (B-2) 40 parts by mass of TMPTA, 15 parts by mass of DAND, 15 parts by mass of A-BPEF, 30 parts by mass of EA-F5503, 0.15 parts by mass of pentamethylpiperidinyl methacrylate, 0.15 parts by mass of IRGANOX1135, heat As a polymerization initiator, 1 part by mass of perbutyl O was mixed and dissolved to obtain a curable composition (B-2).
- Evaluation criteria are as follows, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- separated from the plane was 1 mm or more, it was judged that curvature generate
- Pencil hardness The pencil hardness of the cured film obtained by the above ⁇ Manufacture of cured film> before annealing is measured in accordance with JIS-K5600 by a surface property measuring machine (manufactured by Shinto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) and Mitsubishi pencil ( Using Uni (registered trademark) manufactured by Co., Ltd., the angle between the pencil and the cured film was scratched so that the angle was 45 degrees, and the pencil with the maximum hardness that was not damaged was measured. The hardness was defined as the pencil hardness. . The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the refractive index temperature dependency coefficient of the cured product obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention is equal to or greater than that of the polycarbonate resin generally used as an optical material shown in Comparative Example 3 of Table 2 (numerically equivalent).
- a cured product obtained by curing the curable composition shown in Comparative Example 1 in Table 2 is excellent in transparency, heat resistance, and environmental resistance, but has a small effect of reducing chromatic aberration because of its high Abbe number. Although the Abbe number of the cured product shown in Comparative Example 2 is sufficiently low, the refractive index temperature dependency coefficient is large and the environment resistance is poor. In addition, since warping always occurs after annealing, it is difficult to apply to optical materials.
- the Abbe number of the polycarbonate resin shown in Comparative Example 3 is sufficiently low, it is inferior in heat resistance and thus melts at the annealing temperature. Furthermore, since the pencil hardness is low and the surface hardness is inferior, there is a concern that the surface may be damaged when used as an optical material.
- the cured product obtained by curing the curable composition according to the present invention has a light transmittance (400 nm) of 80% or more, a total light transmittance of 90% or more, good transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness. Is sufficient and the Abbe number is low.
- the curable composition of the present invention containing silica fine particles surface-treated with two specific silane compounds, a specific (meth) acrylate compound and a specific (meth) allyl compound, and a polymerization initiator is cured.
- the obtained cured product is excellent in transparency, heat resistance and surface hardness, has a low Abbe number, and can effectively reduce chromatic aberration by a combination with a material having a high Abbe number.
- the cured product includes a transparent plate, an optical lens, an optical disk substrate, a liquid crystal display element plastic substrate, a color filter substrate, an organic EL display element plastic substrate, a solar cell substrate, a touch panel, an optical element, an optical waveguide, and an LED sealing material. It can use suitably for etc.
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Abstract
Description
(b)2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物と、
(c)2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有しかつ芳香環構造を有する(メタ)アリル化合物と、
(d)重合開始剤とを含み、
前記シリカ微粒子(a)が、下記一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物(e)および下記一般式(2)で表されるシラン化合物(f)で表面処理されている硬化性組成物:
本発明の硬化性組成物は、(a)特定のシラン化合物(e)および(f)で表面処理されているシリカ微粒子と、(b)2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物(以下、単に「反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)」とも言う)と、(c)2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有しかつ芳香環構造を有する(メタ)アリル化合物(以下、単に「反応性(メタ)アリル(c)」とも言う)と、(d)重合開始剤とを含むことを特徴している。以下これら各構成要素について説明する。
シリカ微粒子(a)は、本発明の熱硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物(以下、単に「硬化物」とも言う)の耐熱性および耐環境性を向上させるために用いられる。
シラン化合物(e)でシリカ微粒子(a)を表面処理することにより、硬化性組成物の粘度を低下させることができる。さらに、前記表面処理によりシリカ微粒子(a)に結合したシラン化合物(e)(化学構造は変化している)が、後述する反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)または反応性(メタ)アリル(c)と反応することにより、硬化性組成物中におけるシリカ微粒子(a)の分散安定性が向上する。
シリカ微粒子(a)をシラン化合物(f)によって表面処理することで、シリカ微粒子(a)とシラン化合物(f)とが反応すると、シリカ微粒子(a)の表面に疎水性が付与される。さらに、前記硬化性組成物中でのシリカ微粒子(a)の分散性が向上するとともに、シリカ微粒子(a)と後述する反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)または反応性(メタ)アリル(c)との相溶性が良好となり、それにより本発明の硬化性組成物の粘度が低減し、さらに硬化性組成物の保存安定性を向上させることができる。
シリカ微粒子(a)は、以上説明したシラン化合物(e)および(f)で表面処理されるが、その際のシラン化合物の使用量は、前記シリカ微粒子(a)100質量部に対して、シラン化合物(e)が通常5~95質量部、好ましくは5~50質量部、さらに好ましくは10~30質量部、シラン化合物(f)が通常5~95質量部、好ましくは5~50質量部、さらに好ましくは10~30質量部である。なお、有機溶媒に分散させたシリカ微粒子(a)を用いる場合のシリカ微粒子(a)の質量は、有機溶媒に分散したシリカ微粒子そのもののみの質量を指す。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物(b)を含有する。当該成分は、前記硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物の優れた耐熱性に寄与する。
本発明で用いられる反応性(メタ)アリル(c)は、2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有しかつ芳香環構造を有する化合物であり、反応性(メタ)アリル(c)を本発明の硬化性組成物に含有させることにより、当該組成物から得られる硬化物のアッベ数を低くすることができる。従って、本発明の硬化物とアッベ数の高い材料とを組み合わせることにより、色収差の少ない光学材料を提供することができる。
本発明で用いられる重合開始剤(d)としては、ラジカルを発生する光重合開始剤及び熱重合開始剤が挙げられる。
硬化成分(b)および(c)が重合開始剤とともに使用されることで、重合反応により強固に硬化し、耐熱性および表面硬度に優れた硬化物が得られ、かつ該硬化物は従来品と同等以上の透明性を有しており、
この硬化の際には、表面処理されたシリカ微粒子(a)の存在により、組成物の硬化収縮が抑制され、結果として硬化物(基板上に膜として形成されることが多い)の反りも抑制され、硬化物がもろくなったり、クラックが発生することが防がれ、
しかも反応性(メタ)アリル(c)が組成物に含まれていることから、前記硬化物において低いアッベ数を達成することができる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、必要に応じて、組成物の粘度及び硬化物の透明性、耐熱性等の特性を損なわない範囲で、重合禁止剤、レベリング剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、顔料、他の無機フィラー等の充填剤、反応性希釈剤、その他改質剤等を含んでいてもよい。
このような各種成分を含有する本発明の硬化性組成物の、B型粘度計DV-III ULTRA(BROOKFIELD社製)で測定した25℃における粘度は、通常30~10,000mPa・sであり、好ましくは100~8,000mPa・sであり、本発明の硬化性組成物は溶剤を含有していなくとも適度な粘度を有しており、良好なハンドリング性を有する。このことは、上述のシリカ微粒子(a)の表面処理による、シリカ微粒子(a)の反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)との高い反応性および相溶性、反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)中におけるシリカ微粒子(a)の高い分散安定性に起因する。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、例えば、有機溶媒に分散したコロイダルシリカ(シリカ微粒子(a))をシラン化合物(e)および(f)で表面処理する工程(工程1)、表面処理したシリカ微粒子(a)に反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)を添加し、均一混合する工程(工程2)、工程2で得られたシリカ微粒子(a)と反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)との均一混合液から有機溶媒及び水を留去・脱溶媒する工程(工程3)、工程3で脱溶媒された組成物に重合開始剤(d)を添加、均一混合して硬化性組成物とする工程(工程4)を順次行うことにより製造することができる。以下各工程について説明する。
工程1では、シリカ微粒子(a)をシラン化合物(e)および(f)で表面処理する。
蟻酸、プロピオン酸、シュウ酸、パラトルエンスルホン酸、安息香酸、フタル酸およびマレイン酸等の有機酸;
水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カルシウムおよびアンモニア等のアルカリ触媒;
有機金属;
金属アルコキシド;ジブチルスズジラウレート、ジブチルスズジオクチレートおよびジブチルスズジアセテート等の有機スズ化合物;
アルミニウムトリス(アセチルアセトネート)、チタニウムテトラキス(アセチルアセトネート)、チタニウムビス(ブトキシ)ビス(アセチルアセトネート)、チタニウムビス(イソプロポキシ)ビス(アセチルアセトネート)、ジルコニウムビス(ブトキシ)ビス(アセチルアセトネート)およびジルコニウムビス(イソプロポキシ)ビス(アセチルアセトネート)等の金属キレート化合物;
ホウ素ブトキシドおよびホウ酸等のホウ素化合物等が挙げられる。
工程2において、表面処理したシリカ微粒子(a)と反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)とを混合する方法には、特に制限は無いが、例えば、室温または加熱条件下でミキサー、ボールミルまたは3本ロールなどの混合機により混合する方法や、工程1を行った反応器の中で連続的に攪拌しながら反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)を添加、混合する方法が挙げられる。
工程3において、シリカ微粒子(a)と反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)との均一混合液から有機溶媒及び水を留去、脱溶媒(以下、これらをまとめて脱溶媒という)するには、減圧状態で加熱することが好ましい。
工程4において、工程3で脱溶媒された組成物に重合開始剤(d)を添加、均一混合する方法には、特に制限は無いが、たとえば、室温でミキサー、ボールミルまたは3本ロールなどの混合機により混合する方法や、工程1~3を行った反応器の中で連続的に攪拌しながら重合開始剤(d)を添加、混合する方法が挙げられる。
<硬化物の製造方法>
本発明の硬化性組成物を硬化させることにより、硬化物が得られる。硬化の方法としては、活性エネルギー線の照射によりエチレン性不飽和基を架橋させる方法、熱をかけてエチレン性不飽和基を熱重合させる方法等があり、これらを併用することもできる。
本発明の硬化物は、反応性(メタ)アクリレート(b)および反応性(メタ)アリル(c)が強固に硬化したことにより耐熱性および表面硬度に優れており、しかも従来品と同等以上の透明性を有している。従って前記硬化物は、光学レンズ、液晶表示素子用プラスチック基板、カラーフィルター用基板、有機EL表示素子用プラスチック基板、太陽電池用基板、タッチパネル、光学素子、光導波路およびLED封止材等の光学材料として好適に用いることができる。
(実施例1)硬化性組成物(A-1)
セパラブルフラスコに、イソプロピルアルコール分散型コロイダルシリカ(シリカ含量30質量%、平均粒子径10~20nm、商品名スノーテックIPA-ST;日産化学工業(株)製)100質量部を入れ、該セパラブルフラスコにγ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン6.0質量部とフェニルトリメトキシシラン9.0質量部を加え、攪拌混合し、さらに濃度0.1825質量%のHCl溶液4.8質量部を加え、20℃で24時間撹拌することにより、シリカ微粒子の表面処理を行った。
実施例1において、DANDの使用量を10質量部、A-BPEFの使用量を21質量部、EA-F5503の使用量を19質量部に変更する以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物(A-2)を得た。
実施例1において、DANDの使用量を11質量部、A-BPEFの使用量を21質量部に変更し、EA-F5503を使用しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物(A-3)を得た。
実施例1において、DANDの使用量を6質量部、A-BPEFの使用量を13質量部、EA-F5503の使用量を31質量部使用する以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物(A-4)を得た。
実施例1において、DANDのかわりにジフェン酸ジアリル(商品名:DAD;日本蒸溜工業(株)製)を11質量部使用し、EA-F5503の使用量を21質量部に変更し、A-BPEFを使用しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物(A-5)を得た。
実施例1において、TMPTAの使用量を26質量部、DANDの使用量を19質量部に変更し、A-BPEFおよびEA-F5503を使用しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物(A-6)を得た。
実施例1において、TMPTAの使用量を23質量部に変更し、アダマンチルメタクリレート(商品名:ADMA;大阪有機化学(株)製、単独重合体のTg180℃)を23質量部使用し、A-BPEF、EA-F5503およびDANDを使用しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物(B-1)を得た。
TMPTAを40質量部、DANDを15質量部、A-BPEFを15質量部、EA-F5503を30質量部、ペンタメチルピペリジニルメタクリレートを0.15質量部、IRGANOX1135を0.15質量部、熱重合開始剤としてパーブチルOを1質量部混合して溶解させ、硬化性組成物(B-2)を得た。
光学材料として一般に用いられ市販されているポリカーボネート樹脂((株)パルテック製)を使用した。
上記の実施例1~6および比較例1、2で調製した硬化性組成物(A-1)~(A-6)、(B-1)~(B-2)および比較例3のポリカーボネート樹脂を、それぞれ別々のガラス基板上に、硬化膜の厚みが300μmになるように塗布し、130℃で30分間加熱処理して塗膜を硬化させた。その後、180℃で30分間アニール処理を行った。
(1)屈折率
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られたアニール処理前の硬化膜の波長594nmの光の屈折率を、MODEL 2010M PRISM COUPLER(Metricon社製)を用いて30℃において測定した。結果を表1および表2に示した。
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られたアニール処理前の硬化膜のアッベ数を、MODEL 2010M PRISM COUPLER(Metricon社製)を用いて30℃で測定した、波長486nm、589nm、656nmの光についての前記硬化膜の屈折率より算出した。結果を表1および表2に示した。アッベ数の高い材料と組み合わせることを考慮した場合、アッベ数は低いほど良好な硬化膜である。
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られたアニール処理前の硬化膜について、MODEL 2010M PRISM COUPLER(Metricon社製)を用いて、測定温度を30~60℃まで5℃刻みで温度を変えて屈折率を測定し、温度に対する波長594nmの光の屈折率をプロットした際の傾きを屈折率温度依存係数として、その絶対値を求めた。結果を表1および表2に示した。その値が小さいほど、屈折率の温度依存性が小さく耐環境性に優れている。
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られたアニール処理前の硬化膜の波長400nmの光線透過率(T%)を、JIS-K7105に準拠し分光光度計(日本分光(株)製、UV3600)を用いて測定した。結果を表1および表2に示した。その透過率の値が大きいほど良好な硬化膜である。
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られたアニール処理前の硬化膜の全光線透過率を、ヘイズメーターCOH400(日本電色工業(株)製)を用いて測定した。結果を表1および表2に示した。その透過率の値が大きいほど良好な硬化膜である。
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られたアニール処理前の硬化膜について、TG-DTA(セイコー電子工業(株)製)を用いて、窒素雰囲気下、温度範囲20~500℃、昇温速度10℃/分で処理した際の、5%重量減少温度を求めた。結果を表1および表2に示した。その5%重量減少温度の値が高いほど、耐熱性が良好な硬化膜である。
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られた硬化膜について、180℃で30分間アニール処理した後の硬化膜の反りの発生状況を目視により確認した。
×:反りが常に発生する、または硬化膜が溶解する。
上記<硬化膜の製造>で得られたアニール処理前の硬化膜の鉛筆硬度を、JIS-K5600に準拠し表面性測定機(新東科学(株)製)および三菱鉛筆(株)製ユニ(登録商標)を用いて、鉛筆と硬化膜のなす角度が45度となるようにして引っかき、傷がつかない最大硬さの鉛筆を測定し、その硬さを鉛筆硬度とした。結果を表1および表2に示した。
Claims (15)
- (a)シリカ微粒子と、
(b)2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物と、
(c)2つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有しかつ芳香環構造を有する(メタ)アリル化合物と、
(d)重合開始剤とを含み、
前記シリカ微粒子(a)が、下記一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物(e)および下記一般式(2)で表されるシラン化合物(f)で表面処理されている硬化性組成物:
- 前記一般式(1)中、R1がメチル基を表し、R2がメチル基を表し、R3がメチル基またはエチル基を表し、aが2または3であり、bが0または1であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記一般式(2)中、Xがフェニル基を表し、R4がメチル基を表し、R5がメチル基またはエチル基を表し、cが0または1であり、dが0または1であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記(メタ)アクリレート化合物(b)が、3つ以上のエチレン性不飽和基を有しかつ環構造を有しない(メタ)アクリレート化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記(メタ)アクリレート化合物(b)が、2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有しかつフルオレン構造を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記シリカ微粒子(a)が、該シリカ微粒子(a)100質量部に対して5~95質量部の前記シラン化合物(e)と、シリカ微粒子(a)100質量部に対して5~95質量部の前記シラン化合物(f)とで表面処理されていることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記(メタ)アクリレート化合物(b)の単独重合体のガラス転移温度が、80℃以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記(メタ)アリル化合物(c)が、表面処理前の前記シリカ微粒子(a)100質量部に対して、5~200質量部含まれることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記(メタ)アクリレート化合物(b)が、表面処理前の前記シリカ微粒子(a)100質量部に対して、20~500質量部含まれることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記重合開始剤(d)が、前記硬化性組成物100質量%に対して0.01~10質量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物。
- 前記硬化物のアッベ数が50以下であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の硬化物。
- 請求項12または請求項13に記載の硬化物からなる光学材料。
- 請求項12または請求項13に記載の硬化物からなる光学レンズ。
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CN2012800085282A CN103370342A (zh) | 2011-02-25 | 2012-02-17 | 固化性组合物和其固化物 |
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JP2013010864A (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-17 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | 光学薄膜形成用塗料および光学薄膜 |
WO2013125192A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-29 | パナソニック株式会社 | レンズ、ハイブリッドレンズ、交換レンズおよび撮像装置 |
KR20140100263A (ko) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-14 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 착색 감광성 수지 조성물 |
JP2015108068A (ja) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-11 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 半導体ナノ粒子含有硬化性組成物、硬化物、光学材料および電子材料 |
JP2017043702A (ja) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社菱晃 | 硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物、光学部材、レンズ及びカメラモジュール |
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US10268066B2 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2019-04-23 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Photosensitive resin composition, color conversion panel using the same and display device |
JP6451500B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-22 | 2019-01-16 | Jnc株式会社 | 熱硬化性樹脂組成物およびその硬化膜 |
KR20210086896A (ko) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-09 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 경화성 조성물, 상기 경화성 조성물의 제조 방법, 상기 경화성 조성물의 경화물, 상기 경화물의 제조 방법 및 상기 경화물을 포함한 장치 |
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