WO2012102408A1 - Filtre de filtration et procédé de production de filtre de filtration - Google Patents

Filtre de filtration et procédé de production de filtre de filtration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012102408A1
WO2012102408A1 PCT/JP2012/052191 JP2012052191W WO2012102408A1 WO 2012102408 A1 WO2012102408 A1 WO 2012102408A1 JP 2012052191 W JP2012052191 W JP 2012052191W WO 2012102408 A1 WO2012102408 A1 WO 2012102408A1
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Prior art keywords
ceramic
filter
layer
filtration
nanoparticle
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PCT/JP2012/052191
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
剛 守屋
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東京エレクトロン株式会社
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Priority to CN2012800037861A priority Critical patent/CN103228343A/zh
Priority to KR1020137019878A priority patent/KR20140005938A/ko
Publication of WO2012102408A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012102408A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/022—Metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0041—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0041—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state
    • B01D67/00411—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state by sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0041—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state
    • B01D67/00413—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state by agglomeration of nanoparticles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0074—Inorganic membrane manufacture from melts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B01D69/1213—Laminated layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B01D69/1216—Three or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/14—Dynamic membranes
    • B01D69/141—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
    • B01D69/1411—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes containing dispersed material in a continuous matrix
    • B01D69/14111—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes containing dispersed material in a continuous matrix with nanoscale dispersed material, e.g. nanoparticles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/024—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/0038—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/58—Fusion; Welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
    • B01D2325/022—Asymmetric membranes
    • B01D2325/023—Dense layer within the membrane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
    • B01D2325/0283—Pore size
    • B01D2325/02833—Pore size more than 10 and up to 100 nm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
    • B01D2325/0283—Pore size
    • B01D2325/02834—Pore size more than 0.1 and up to 1 µm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00413—Materials having an inhomogeneous concentration of ingredients or irregular properties in different layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00793—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filters or diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filter for filtration and a method for producing the filter for filtration, and more particularly to a filter for filtration based on a ceramic sintered body and a method for producing the filter for filtration.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane has a polymer membrane as its main component, so its strength is low, and it will be broken if a pressure is applied to the sewage or seawater (primary pressure) to increase the purification efficiency and a load is applied. There is a problem.
  • a filter made of a porous ceramic body is manufactured by compressing a plurality of particles of metal oxide having a relatively large diameter and bonding them together at a high temperature.
  • a through hole having a diameter larger than a desired diameter may be accidentally formed, and there is still a concern regarding removal of contaminants and salt.
  • viruses of several tens of nanometers in sewage for example, influenza viruses of about 50 nm, picoviruses and parpoviruses of about 20 nm exist, but these viruses pass through a through-hole having a diameter of several tens of nm. There is a risk of doing.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a filter for filtration and a method for producing the filter for filtration that can easily obtain clean water and fresh water while ensuring rigidity.
  • a plurality of ceramic particles mainly composed of a metal oxide are sintered, and a gap between the ceramic particles is 50 nm to 500 nm. And at least two ceramic layers that are adjusted to each other, and a nanoparticle layer that is formed by melt-bonding a large number of nanoparticles having a particle diameter of 3 nm to 5 nm to each other by heat treatment and sandwiched between two adjacent ceramic layers.
  • the filter for filtration characterized by this is provided.
  • the nanoparticle layer partially penetrates the ceramic layer.
  • each of the nanoparticles preferably has a major axis of 5 nm or less and a minor axis of 3 nm or more.
  • the nanoparticle layer is interposed between two adjacent ceramic layers.
  • the nanoparticle distribution step a large number of nanoparticles having a particle diameter of 3 nm to 5 nm are distributed so as to cover the surface of the generated second ceramic layer, After the ceramic layer generation step, the nanoparticle distribution step, the nanoparticle layer generation step, and the second ceramic layer generation step are preferably repeated a predetermined number of times in this order.
  • a large number of ceramic particles mainly composed of metal oxide are joined together, and the gap between the ceramic particles is adjusted to 50 nm to 500 nm.
  • a ceramic layer generating step for generating a ceramic layer, and a filter filter precursor for forming a filter filter precursor by distributing a large number of nanoparticles having a particle size of 3 nm to 5 nm so as to cover the surface of the generated ceramic layer The two filtration filter precursors formed in the formation step and the filtration filter precursor formation step are bonded together so that the surfaces on which the plurality of nanoparticles are distributed are in contact with each other.
  • the nanoparticle layer is sandwiched between two ceramic layers produced by sintering ceramic particles, the rigidity of the filter for filtration can be secured, and the particle size is 3 nm to 5 nm. Since a nanoparticle layer is formed by melt-bonding a large number of nanoparticles to each other by heat treatment, the size of the gap between each nanoparticle can be set to several nanometers or less. Holes can be generated. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the necessity of using a distillation method or the like for purification of clean water or fresh water, and thus easy to obtain clean water or fresh water.
  • a plurality of ceramic particles mainly composed of a metal oxide are joined together to form a first ceramic layer, and a large number of so as to cover the surface of the generated first ceramic layer.
  • the nanoparticles are distributed, the distributed many nanoparticles are melt-bonded to each other by heat treatment to form a nanoparticle layer, and the ceramic particles are distributed to cover the surface of the generated nanoparticle layer, Moreover, since the second ceramic layer is produced by bonding them together, a filter for filtration having a through hole having a diameter of several nm can be easily obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a filter for filtration according to the present embodiment.
  • a filter 10 for filtration is formed on a surface of a first ceramic layer 12 made of a large number of ceramic particles 11 made of a metal oxide, for example, silica (SiO 2 ), and the first ceramic layer 12. And a nanoparticle layer 14 composed of a large number of nanoparticles 13.
  • the first ceramic layer 12 is generated by sintering a large number of ceramic particles 11 having a particle size of several hundred nm or more. If the pressure applied to a large number of ceramic particles 11 during sintering is set to be relatively large, a part of each ceramic particle 11 is crushed or the like, so that the contact portion of each ceramic particle 11 with other ceramic particles 11 , The contact area is melted and joined to other ceramic particles 11. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the set value of the pressure applied to the large number of ceramic particles 11 is increased. Thereby, in the 1st ceramic layer 12, the contact area between each ceramic particle
  • the set value of the pressure applied to increase the rigidity is increased as described above, in the first ceramic layer 12, a part of each ceramic particle 11 is crushed, so the gap 16 between each ceramic particle 11.
  • the shape of is irregular, but by adjusting the pressure applied to each ceramic particle 11, the representative length of the gap 16 between each ceramic particle 11, that is, two ceramic particles facing each other via the gap 16 11 is adjusted to 50 nm to 500 nm.
  • the typical length of the gap 17 between the nanoparticles 13 is about 2 nm.
  • the maximum diameter d of the particles 18 that can pass through the gap 17 is about 0.7 nm.
  • the representative length of the gap 17 between each nanoparticle 13 is 2 nm or less, and the particles 18 that can pass through the gap 17. The maximum diameter is 0.7 nm or less.
  • the nanoparticles 13 need to be made of a material whose surface is partially melted at a high temperature.
  • the nanoparticles 13 are made of ceramic (including silica), quartz, various metals, or an organic polymer (polyethylene latex polymer or the like). Is preferred.
  • the nanoparticles 13 are made of silver, since the silver has a bactericidal action, the filter 10 for filtration can provide clean water and fresh water that are completely sterilized.
  • the size of the nanoparticles 13 is 3 nm to 5 nm, it enters the gap 16 of the first ceramic layer 12, particularly the gap 16 existing on the surface. As a result, a part of the nanoparticle layer 14 penetrates the first ceramic layer 12.
  • a large number of ceramic particles 11 are sealed in a predetermined mold, and a predetermined pressure is applied at a high temperature to perform sintering to obtain a first ceramic layer 12.
  • a predetermined pressure is applied at a high temperature to perform sintering to obtain a first ceramic layer 12.
  • the nanoparticles 13 are melt-bonded to each other by heat treatment to obtain the nanoparticle layer 14.
  • the filter for filtration 10 having a predetermined shape is cut out from the laminated body in which the first ceramic layer 12 and the nanoparticle layer 14 are laminated, and this processing is finished.
  • the filter 10 for filtration when a large number of ceramic particles 11 are sintered, a part of each ceramic particle 11 is crushed to increase the contact area between the ceramic particles 11. Therefore, the bonding force between the ceramic particles 11 can be increased, and the rigidity of the first ceramic layer 12 can be improved. As a result, the rigidity of the filter 10 for filtration can be ensured.
  • the representative length of the gaps 17 between the nanoparticles 13 should be set to 2 nm or less. Accordingly, a through hole having a diameter of 2 nm can be generated in the filter 10 for filtration. As a result, if the filter for filtration 10 is used, it is not necessary to use a distillation method or the like for purification of clean water or fresh water, so that clean water or fresh water can be easily obtained.
  • the filter 10 for filtration a part of the nanoparticle layer 14 partially penetrates the first ceramic layer 12, so that the bonding force between the first ceramic layer 12 and the nanoparticle layer 14 can be increased.
  • the occurrence of delamination in the filter for filtration 10 can be prevented, and the rigidity of the entire filter for filtration 10 can be improved.
  • each nanoparticle 13 constituting the nanoparticle layer 14 has a true spherical shape, and the particle diameter thereof is 3 nm to 5 nm.
  • each nanoparticle layer 14 has a true spherical shape. There is no need, and a shape that fits in a rectangle, for example, an elliptical shape having a major axis of 5 nm or less and a minor axis of 3 nm or more may be used.
  • a large number of ceramic particles 11 are joined together to form a first ceramic layer 12, and the surface of the generated first ceramic layer 12 is formed.
  • a large number of nanoparticles 13 are distributed so as to be covered, and the distributed many nanoparticles 13 are melt-bonded to each other by heat treatment to generate a nanoparticle layer 14. It can be easily obtained.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the filter for filtration according to the present embodiment.
  • two filtering filters each made of the ceramic layer obtained in the first embodiment and a large number of nanoparticles 13 sprayed on the ceramic layer are used as precursors.
  • the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a filter for filtration is configured by bonding the two precursors so that the particles are in contact with each other. Therefore, the description of the duplicated configuration and operation is omitted, and the description of the different configuration and operation is given below.
  • the filter 20 for filtration includes two stacked first ceramic layers 12 and a nanoparticle layer 14 interposed between the two first ceramic layers 12.
  • the nanostructure which comprises the nanoparticle layer 14 is exposed.
  • the particles 13 may flow out of the nanoparticle layer 14.
  • the nanoparticle layer 14 is sandwiched between the two first ceramic layers 12, so that the nanoparticle layer 14 is not exposed. There is no possibility that the nanoparticles 13 will flow out of the particle layer 14.
  • the nanoparticle layer 14 is sandwiched between the two first ceramic layers 12 generated by sintering a large number of ceramic particles 11. Rigidity can be ensured.
  • a first ceramic layer 12 is formed (ceramic layer generation step), and a large number of nanoparticles 13 are formed on the surface of the first ceramic layer 12. Spray to cover and distribute without gaps.
  • a filter filter precursor 19 is used in which a large number of nanoparticles 13 are sprayed on the first ceramic layer 12, and the filter filter precursor 19 is divided into two. (FIG. 4A) (filtration filter precursor forming step).
  • the two filter filter precursors 19 are bonded together so that the numerous sprayed nanoparticles 13 are in contact with each other (FIG. 4B), and then the two filter filter precursors 19 bonded together are 400 ° C. to 400 ° C.
  • the two filter filter precursors 19 bonded together are 400 ° C. to 400 ° C.
  • a large number of nanoparticles 13 in contact with each other are melt-bonded to obtain a nanoparticle layer 14 (nanoparticle layer generation step).
  • the filter 20 for filtration having a predetermined shape is cut out from the laminated body in which the two first ceramic layers 12 and the nanoparticle layer 14 are laminated, and this processing is finished.
  • each nanoparticle 13 is formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Control of the size of the gaps 17 between the particles 13 is easy, and the filter 20 for filtration having a through hole having a diameter of 2 nm can be easily obtained.
  • the two filter filter precursors 19 are bonded to each other so that a large number of the sprayed nanoparticles 13 are in contact with each other.
  • the first ceramic layer 12 and the nanoparticle layer 14 are laminated by bonding the surface of the other filtration filter precursor 19 on which the nanoparticles 13 are not sprayed to the surface on which the nanoparticles 13 are sprayed, and then performing heat treatment. You may obtain the laminated body made.
  • the first ceramic layer 12 and the nanoparticle layer can be formed without limiting the number of stacked layers of the first ceramic layer 12 and the nanoparticle layer 14 by repeating the pasting of the filter filter precursor 19.
  • 14 can be laminated alternately, so that a filter for filtration comprising three or more first ceramic layers 12 and two or more nanoparticle layers 14 can be easily obtained.
  • the filtration filter according to the third embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as the filtration filter 20 according to the second embodiment, but is formed by sequentially laminating two ceramic layers and a nanoparticle layer. This is different from the filtering filter 20 according to the second embodiment in that it is done. Therefore, the description of the duplicated configuration and operation is omitted, and the description of the different configuration and operation is given below.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the filter for filtration according to the present embodiment.
  • the filtering filter 21 includes a first ceramic layer 12, a nanoparticle layer 14 formed on the first ceramic layer 12, and a first ceramic layer sandwiching the nanoparticle layer 14. 12 and a second ceramic layer 15 facing each other.
  • the filter for filtration 21 since the nanoparticle layer 14 is sandwiched between the first ceramic layer 12 and the second ceramic layer 15, the rigidity of the filter for filtration 21 can be ensured. The risk of the nanoparticles 13 flowing out from the nanoparticle layer 14 can be eliminated.
  • the size of the nanoparticles 13 is 3 nm to 5 nm, it enters the gap 16 between the first ceramic layer 12 and the second ceramic layer 15, particularly the gap 16 existing on the surface. As a result, a part of the nanoparticle layer 14 penetrates into each of the first ceramic layer 12 and the second ceramic layer 15. As a result, the bonding strength of the first ceramic layer 12 and the nanoparticle layer 14 and the second ceramic layer 15 and the nanoparticle layer 14 can be increased, thereby preventing delamination in the filter 10 for filtration. In addition, the rigidity of the entire filter 10 for filtration can be improved.
  • 6A to 6C are process diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a filter for filtration according to the present embodiment.
  • first ceramic layer 12 (FIG. 6A) (first ceramic Layer generation step).
  • nanoparticles 13 are melt-bonded to each other by heat treatment to form nanoparticles.
  • the layer 14 is obtained (FIG. 6B) (nanoparticle layer generation step).
  • the predetermined pressure needs to be set to a value that does not crush the nanoparticles 13 constituting the nanoparticle layer 14, and is, for example, a value lower than the value at the time of forming the first ceramic layer 12. Is preferred.
  • the filter for filtration 21 having a predetermined shape is cut out from the laminated body in which the first ceramic layer 12, the nanoparticle layer 14, and the second ceramic layer 15 are laminated, and this processing is completed.
  • a large number of nanoparticles 13 having a particle size of 3 nm to 5 nm are melt-bonded to each other by heat treatment to generate a nanoparticle layer 14.
  • the representative length of the gap 17 can be set to 2 nm or less, whereby a through hole having a diameter of 2 nm can be generated in the filter 21 for filtration.
  • This embodiment is different from the third embodiment only in that it includes a plurality of nanoparticle layers 14 and second ceramic layers 15, and its configuration and operation are basically the same as those of the third embodiment described above. Therefore, the description of the duplicated configuration and operation will be omitted, and different configurations and operations will be described below.
  • FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the filter for filtration according to the present embodiment.
  • 8A to 8E are process diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a filter for filtration according to the present embodiment.
  • first ceramic particles 11 are sealed in a predetermined mold, and a predetermined pressure is applied under a high temperature to perform sintering to obtain a first ceramic layer 12 (FIG. 8).
  • 8A) first ceramic layer generation step.
  • the nanoparticles 13 are melt-bonded to each other by heat treatment to form a lower part.
  • a nanoparticle layer 14 is obtained (FIG. 8B) (nanoparticle layer generation step).
  • a layer 15 is obtained (FIG. 8C) (second ceramic layer generation step).
  • nanoparticle distribution step After a large number of nanoparticles 13 are sprayed so as to cover the surface of the second ceramic layer 15 below and distributed without gaps (nanoparticle distribution step), the nanoparticles 13 are melt-bonded to each other by heat treatment.
  • the upper nanoparticle layer 14 FIG. 8D
  • nanoparticle layer generation step After obtaining the upper nanoparticle layer 14 (FIG. 8D) (nanoparticle layer generation step), and further distributing a large number of ceramic particles 11 so as to cover the surface of the upper nanoparticle layer 14, under high temperature, By applying a predetermined pressure, sintering is performed to obtain an upper second ceramic layer 15 (FIG. 8E) (second ceramic layer generation step).
  • the filter 10 having a predetermined shape is cut out from the laminate in which the first ceramic layer 12, each nanoparticle layer 14, and each second ceramic layer 15 are laminated, and this processing is finished.
  • the filtering filter 30 includes one first ceramic layer 12 and two second ceramic layers 15, that is, three or more ceramic layers 12 and 15.
  • the rigidity of the filter 30 for filtration can be ensured more reliably.
  • the nanoparticle layer 14 is interposed between two adjacent ceramic layers among the three or more ceramic layers 12 and 15, the plurality of nanoparticle layers 14 are present in the filter 30 as a result. As a result, the filtering ability of the filter 30 for filtration is enhanced, and water and fresh water can be obtained more reliably.
  • the filter 30 for filtration in which the plurality of ceramic layers 12 and 15 and the plurality of nanoparticle layers 14 are laminated can be easily obtained.
  • the two nanoparticle layers 14 and the two second ceramic layers 15 are disposed. However, if the nanoparticle layers 14 and the second ceramic layers 15 are disposed in the same number, The number of the nanoparticle layers 14 and the second ceramic layers 15 may be increased or decreased according to the purpose of use of the filter 30 for filtration without being limited to “2”.
  • the filter for filtration in each of the above-described embodiments causes clogging due to trapped contaminants and salinity when subjected to purification of clean water or fresh water for a certain period of time or more, and the purification efficiency of clean water or fresh water decreases. . Therefore, it is necessary to regenerate the filter for filtration by removing the trapped contaminants and salt by flowing the pressurized chemical solution through the filter for filtration, but the filter for filtration in each embodiment is made of silica or the like. Since it is composed of a relatively hard member, the filter for filtration is hardly damaged or consumed even when a pressurized chemical solution is flowed. That is, the filter for filtration in each embodiment mentioned above is reproducible.
  • trapped contaminants may be removed by flowing a pressurized chemical solution from the direction opposite to the direction of flowing sewage or seawater during filtration. Also in this case, since the filter for filtration is comprised with the hard material, the filter for filtration can also endure comparatively high pressure, and can perform removal of a pollutant etc. efficiently.
  • the filter for filtration in each embodiment includes a relatively hard layer made of sintered ceramic, and thus has a sterilization and antibacterial action such as silver using PVD and CVD. It can be coated with metal and can contribute to purifying clean water and fresh water.
  • the filter for filtration is coated with titanium oxide, and a strong sterilization effect by the photocatalytic action can be obtained by irradiating ultraviolet rays at the time of purification of clean water and fresh water, thereby ensuring sterilization of clean water and fresh water. It can be carried out.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un filtre pour la filtration capable d'assurer la rigidité tout en permettant l'obtention facile d'eau de robinet et d'eau propre. Le filtre de filtration (21) est doté d'une première couche de céramique (12), d'une seconde couche de céramique (15) et d'une couche de nanoparticules (14). Ladite couche de nanoparticules (14) est interposée entre la première couche de céramique (12) et la seconde couche de céramique (15). La première couche de céramique (12) et la seconde couche de céramique (15) sont formées par le frittage d'une pluralité de particules céramiques (11) qui comprennent de la silice comme composant principal et les espaces entres les particules céramiques respectives (11) sont ajustés pour être entre 50 nm et 500 nm. La couche de nanoparticules (14) est formée par la fusion et la liaison des unes aux autres par traitement thermique d'un grand nombre de nanoparticules (13) de diamètre de particules entre 3 nm et 5 nm.
PCT/JP2012/052191 2011-01-28 2012-01-25 Filtre de filtration et procédé de production de filtre de filtration WO2012102408A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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CN2012800037861A CN103228343A (zh) 2011-01-28 2012-01-25 过滤用过滤器及过滤用过滤器的制造方法
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