WO2012102092A1 - マグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置 - Google Patents
マグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012102092A1 WO2012102092A1 PCT/JP2012/050505 JP2012050505W WO2012102092A1 WO 2012102092 A1 WO2012102092 A1 WO 2012102092A1 JP 2012050505 W JP2012050505 W JP 2012050505W WO 2012102092 A1 WO2012102092 A1 WO 2012102092A1
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- magnetron sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
- C23C14/351—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering using a magnetic field in close vicinity to the substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3402—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering using supplementary magnetic fields
- H01J37/3405—Magnetron sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3402—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering using supplementary magnetic fields
- H01J37/3405—Magnetron sputtering
- H01J37/3408—Planar magnetron sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3411—Constructional aspects of the reactor
- H01J37/345—Magnet arrangements in particular for cathodic sputtering apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3411—Constructional aspects of the reactor
- H01J37/345—Magnet arrangements in particular for cathodic sputtering apparatus
- H01J37/3452—Magnet distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3411—Constructional aspects of the reactor
- H01J37/3461—Means for shaping the magnetic field, e.g. magnetic shunts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic field generator incorporated in a magnetron sputtering apparatus used for forming a thin film on a substrate surface.
- a magnetron sputtering method that enables deposition at a low temperature because the deposition speed of the target is high and electrons do not collide with the substrate to form a thin film on the substrate surface. Is often used.
- a phenomenon in which atoms and molecules constituting the target are knocked out by colliding with an inert substance such as Ar at high speed is called sputtering.
- a thin film is formed by attaching the knocked-out atoms and molecules on the substrate. can do.
- the magnetron sputtering method is a technique that can improve productivity by increasing the film formation rate by incorporating a magnetic field inside the cathode.
- the magnetron sputtering apparatus includes a substrate on the anode side in a vacuum chamber, a target (cathode) disposed to face the substrate, and a magnetic field generator disposed below the target.
- Glow discharge is caused by applying a voltage between the anode and cathode, ionizing inert gas (such as Ar gas of about 0.1 Pa) in the vacuum chamber, while secondary electrons emitted from the target are magnetically applied. It is captured by the magnetic field formed by the generator and causes a cycloid movement on the target surface. Since ionization of gas molecules is promoted by the cycloid motion of electrons, the film formation rate is significantly higher than that in the case where no magnetic field is used, and the adhesion strength of the film is increased.
- the magnetic circuit device 4 used in the magnetron sputtering apparatus has a rod-shaped center magnet 410 magnetized in the height direction (direction perpendicular to the surface of the target), and magnetized in the opposite direction to the center magnet 410.
- the outer peripheral magnet 420 is disposed around the central magnet 410, and the central magnet 410 and the yoke 430 on which the outer peripheral magnet 420 is placed.
- a racetrack-like leakage magnetic field is generated in parallel with the target surface. (For example, see JP-A-8-14640).
- the target erosion proceeds the fastest in the part where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density is zero (the part indicated by the broken line in FIG. 30), so the target is adjusted by adjusting the magnetic field so that erosion occurs uniformly in this part Can be used as long as possible.
- the plasma is confined to the target surface by the magnetic circuit device 4 as shown in FIG. 29, the plasma generated in the straight portion concentrates on the corner portion, and the erosion at the corner portion proceeds most rapidly.
- the plasma concentration is such that the part where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density is zero is at a distance R from the central magnet 410 in the linear part, but is closer to r (r ⁇ R) in the corner part. This occurs when the magnetic flux concentrates on the corner.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-134640 discloses a technique for improving the bias of the vertical component of the magnetic flux density at the corner portion by arranging the magnet at the corner portion in a T-shape and configuring the magnet with a relatively small residual magnetic flux density.
- the improvement effect is not sufficient, and the development of a technique to alleviate the concentration of magnetic flux on the corner is desired.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-156735 discloses a base 510 made of a non-magnetic material as shown in FIGS. 31 (a) and 31 (b), a rectangular central magnetic pole piece 520 installed on the surface thereof, and its surroundings. And a plurality of permanent magnets 540, 550 connected between the central pole piece and the outer peripheral pole piece, and the permanent magnets 540, 550 are arranged in a horizontal direction (target The magnetic poles of the same polarity are arranged so that the magnetic poles of the same polarity are opposed to the central magnetic pole piece, and the height of the central magnetic pole piece and the height of the outer peripheral magnetic pole piece are the same as those of the permanent magnet.
- the magnetic field generator 5 for magnetron sputtering formed at a height equal to or greater than the height of the magnetron is disclosed, and since the magnetic pole piece is in contact with each magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux leakage from the permanent magnet is Magnetic circuit using reduced magnets magnetized in the height direction described above It describes and can generate a predetermined magnetic flux with a smaller permanent magnet than location.
- JP 2008-156735 further expands the area where the magnetic field strength (magnetic flux density horizontal component is 10 mT or more) necessary for confining the inert gas excited in the plasma state is larger than before. It describes that the area can be expanded, the erosion of the straight line portion and the corner portion can be made uniform, and the film can be formed with a uniform thickness on the substrate.
- the magnetic field generator described in JP-A-2008-156735 uses a non-magnetic material for the base, the magnetic field leaks to the surface opposite to the target of the magnetic circuit, and the sputtering device installed on the surface opposite to the target. May adversely affect control equipment. For this reason, when the leakage magnetic field to the opposite side of a target is large, there exists a demerit that an electronic device cannot be installed in the back surface of a magnetic circuit.
- the magnetic circuit installation surface (base) can be made of a magnetic material such as iron, but since most of the generated magnetic field passes through the base of the magnetic material, the magnetic field generated on the target side is reduced. I will let you.
- the magnetic field generation for magnetron sputtering that reduces the influence of the leakage magnetic field on the sputtering device, uses the magnetic field generator efficiently, is easy to attach to the sputtering device, and makes the erosion of the target uniform. Development of equipment is desired.
- JP-A-2006-16634 Disclosed is a magnetic field generator in which a plate-like magnetic member (shunt plate) is disposed between a magnetic pole of the central magnet and a magnetic pole of the outer peripheral magnet so as to be parallel to the target surface. It is described that a region where the perpendicular component of the magnetic field generated with respect to the target surface is zero or flat near zero, or a region where the zero point is crossed three times is formed.
- the magnetic field generator described in JP-A-2006-16634 has a structure in which a shunt plate is disposed between the magnetic circuit unit and the target, a shunt plate is used to adjust the magnetic field. It is not easy to remove or adjust the position.
- a shunt plate is used to adjust the magnetic field. It is not easy to remove or adjust the position.
- the chamber in which the target is placed is in a vacuum state, it is necessary to release the vacuum. For example, it is not possible to satisfy the requirement of adjusting the magnetic field according to the amount of erosion of the target during sputtering.
- Electronic components composed of multilayer thin films such as ICs for semiconductors require a wide variety of metal films and alloy films, and the required target material may differ from layer to layer.
- a sputtering apparatus for producing such an electronic component it is necessary to perform sputtering under conditions suitable for each material using different targets for each layer. Since the magnetic field strength is one of the factors that greatly affect the production efficiency and the metal film characteristics among the sputtering conditions, there is a demand for adjusting the magnetic field strength to an appropriate level for each layer according to different target materials. It is possible to adjust the magnetic field strength to some extent by changing the distance between the magnetic field generator and the target, but it is very difficult to finely change the magnetic field depending on the position of the target material. Development of further magnetic field adjustment means is desired.
- the first object of the present invention is to make the erosion progress of the target uniform by widening the region with a high magnetic flux density horizontal component, to form a thin film with a uniform thickness on the substrate, and to reduce the leakage magnetic field. And providing a magnetic field generator for magtron sputtering with less influence on the sputtering apparatus.
- the second object of the present invention is that the magnetic field can be adjusted without removing the target, and the magnetic field can be easily adjusted even during sputtering.
- a magnetic field generator for magtron sputtering that can be shared is provided.
- the present inventors are composed of a rod-shaped center magnet magnetized in the height direction and a rectangular outer magnet magnetized in the opposite direction and arranged around the center magnet.
- the corner portion is replaced with a configuration composed of a central magnetic pole member and an outer peripheral magnetic pole member, and a permanent magnet magnetized in a direction parallel to the surface of the target.
- the present inventors have found that a magnetic field generator capable of spreading the portion where the perpendicular component of the magnetic flux density at the corner portion becomes zero and giving uniform erosion between the straight portion and the corner portion can be obtained.
- the inventors of the present invention include a central magnetic pole member, an outer peripheral magnetic pole member, and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged so that the magnetization direction is parallel to the target surface between them on a nonmagnetic base.
- the magnetic field can be adjusted with a simple operation without releasing the vacuum by disposing the shunt magnetic material for adjusting the magnetic field in the non-magnetic base.
- the first magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of the present invention for generating a magnetic field on the target surface has a racetrack shape consisting of a straight portion and a corner portion, The linear portion is parallel to the central permanent magnet, spaced apart on both sides of the central permanent magnet, and a rectangular central permanent magnet installed on a surface of the magnetic base.
- the corner portion includes a base made of a non-magnetic material, a central magnetic pole member installed on a surface of the base made of the non-magnetic material, and an outer periphery installed in a semicircular or semi-polygon shape around the central magnetic pole member A magnetic pole member, and a plurality of permanent magnets installed between the central magnetic pole member and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member;
- the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetization direction is parallel to the surface of the target, and a magnetic pole of the same polarity faces the central magnetic pole member,
- the magnetic poles facing the central magnetic pole member of the plurality of permanent magnets have the same polarity as the magnetic poles facing the target of the central permanent magnet.
- the permanent magnet constituting the corner portion is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped or trapezoidal permanent magnets in plan view.
- the permanent magnet constituting the corner portion occupies 30% or more of the area between the central magnetic pole member and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member in plan view.
- the space between the central magnetic pole member and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member is composed of the permanent magnet and a non-magnetic spacer filling a portion other than the permanent magnet.
- a space between the central permanent magnet and the side permanent magnet in the linear portion is filled with a non-magnetic spacer.
- the position at which the magnetic flux density vertical component of the magnetic field on the target surface becomes zero is the horizontal distance from the central magnetic pole member at the corner portion, and the horizontal distance from the central permanent magnet at the straight portion is R.
- R ⁇ r is preferable.
- the horizontal magnetic flux density component at a position where the vertical magnetic flux density component of the magnetic field on the target surface is zero is 10 ⁇ m or more at the corner portion.
- the central permanent magnet and the side permanent magnet constituting the linear portion are rare earth magnets, and the plurality of permanent magnets constituting the corner portion are ferrite magnets.
- the width of the straight portion in the portion where the straight portion and the corner portion face each other is larger than the width of the corner portion in the opposite portion.
- a shunt magnetic body for adjusting a magnetic field is disposed on the base side of the permanent magnet in the corner portion.
- the second magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of the present invention includes a non-magnetic base, a rod-shaped central magnetic pole member installed on the surface thereof, and an outer peripheral magnetic pole member installed so as to surround the central magnetic pole member.
- a racetrack-shaped magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator for generating a magnetic field on a target surface comprising a plurality of permanent magnets installed between the central magnetic pole member and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member, The permanent magnet is arranged such that the magnetization direction is parallel to the surface of the target, and the magnetic pole of the same polarity is opposed to the central magnetic pole member, and the generated magnetic field is applied to the base side of the plurality of permanent magnets.
- a magnetic material for shunt for adjustment is arranged.
- the outer peripheral magnetic pole member is preferably polygonal at the corner.
- the shunt magnetic body is preferably disposed in the base made of the non-magnetic body or on the base surface.
- the shunt magnetic body is preferably composed of a plurality of parts, which are detachable.
- a third magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator comprises a base made of a non-magnetic material, a circular central magnetic pole member installed on the surface thereof, and an annular outer periphery provided around the central magnetic pole member
- a magnetic field generator for circular magnetron sputtering for generating a magnetic field on a target surface comprising a magnetic pole member and a plurality of permanent magnets installed between the central magnetic pole member and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member, The plurality of permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetization direction is parallel to the surface of the target, and a magnetic pole of the same polarity is opposed to the central magnetic pole member, and is generated on the base side of the plurality of permanent magnets
- a shunt magnetic body for adjusting the magnetic field is disposed.
- the portion where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density at the corner portion becomes zero can be expanded outward, and as a result, uniform erosion can be obtained between the straight portion and the corner portion. Can do. For this reason, the utilization efficiency of the target can be improved.
- the design of the magnetic field generator can be easily changed according to the material and dimensions of the target material.
- the second and third magnetic field generators of the present invention can adjust the magnetic field with the shunt magnetic body, they can generate a magnetic field suitable for the target material.
- the magnetic field strength can be adjusted independently at any place of the racetrack-shaped magnetic field generator.
- the erosion progress of the target becomes more uniform, and a thin film having a uniform thickness can be formed on the substrate.
- the erosion of the target tends to be larger at the corner than at the straight portion, but by changing the size and arrangement of the magnetic material for shunt between the corner and the straight portion, The erosion of the target can be made uniform.
- the magnetic field generator is designed so as to generate a magnetic field slightly stronger than the required magnetic field, and depending on the type of thin film to be formed or the type of target, By installing an adjustment plate (magnetic material for shunt) on the other side, the magnetic field strength generated on the target side can be easily adjusted in whole or in part to match the film quality. A magnetic field can be generated. As a result, it is possible to provide a magnetic field generator capable of handling all thin films with a single magnetic circuit suitable for production capacity.
- the magnetic field can be adjusted according to the amount of erosion of the target even during the sputtering.
- the erosion rate of the target varies depending on the material and sputtering conditions, it is necessary to adjust the strength of the magnetic field depending on the target material and sputtering conditions.
- the magnetic field generator of the present invention meets such requirements. Is also possible.
- FIG. 2 is an AA cross-sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a BB cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 (a).
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.
- It is a schematic diagram which shows the part from which the magnetic flux density perpendicular
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a shunt member used in a corner portion of the magnetic field generator in FIG. 8 (a). It is a fragmentary top view which shows another example of the magnetic field generator for the 1st magnetron sputtering of this invention.
- FIG. 11 is a DD cross-sectional view of FIG. It is a top view which shows an example of the shape of the edge part of the center magnetic pole member in the 2nd magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of this invention, and the corner part of an outer periphery magnetic pole member. It is a top view which shows another example of the shape of the edge part of the center magnetic pole member in the 2nd magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of this invention, and the corner part of an outer periphery magnetic pole member.
- FIG. 1 It is a top view which shows another example of the shape of the edge part of the center magnetic pole member in the 2nd magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of this invention, and the corner part of an outer periphery magnetic pole member. It is a top view which shows another example of the shape of the edge part of the center magnetic pole member in the 2nd magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of this invention, and the corner part of an outer periphery magnetic pole member. It is a schematic cross section which shows the mode of the magnetic force line generate
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing a result obtained by simulating a magnetic flux density horizontal component of a magnetic field generated on a target surface by the magnetic field generator shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structural example of the magnetic body for shunts of the 2nd magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the other structural example of the magnetic body for shunts of the magnetic field generator for the 2nd magnetron sputtering of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the other structural example of the magnetic body for shunts of the magnetic field generator for the 2nd magnetron sputtering of this invention.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a magnetic field generator of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. 23 (a).
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a magnetic flux density distribution generated by the magnetic field generator of Comparative Example 1.
- 1 is a plan view showing a magnetic field generator of Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 26 is a GG cross-sectional view of FIG. 25 (a).
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH in FIG. 3 is a graph showing a magnetic flux density distribution generated by the magnetic field generator of Example 1.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a point at which a vertical component of magnetic flux density on a target surface of a magnetic field generated by a magnetic field generator of Example 6 becomes zero.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a point at which a vertical component of magnetic flux density on a target surface of a magnetic field generated by a magnetic field generator of Example 7 becomes zero.
- FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.
- First magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 1 A first magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 1 of the present invention is a device for generating a racetrack-like magnetic field on a target surface, as shown in FIG.
- the racetrack has a straight portion 20 and two corner portions 30, 30.
- the linear portion 20 includes a magnetic base 21, a rectangular central permanent magnet 22 installed on the surface of the magnetic base 21, and spaced apart on both sides of the central permanent magnet 22, Two side permanent magnets 23 and 23 having a rectangular shape installed on the surface of the base 21 of the magnetic body in parallel with the part permanent magnet 22, and the center permanent magnet 22 and the side permanent magnet 23 Are arranged such that the magnetization direction is perpendicular to the target surface, and the polarity of the central permanent magnet 22 and the polarity of the side permanent magnet 23 are different from each other.
- the central permanent magnets 22 and the side permanent magnets 23 constituting the linear portion may be formed integrally in a rectangular shape in plan view, but formed by connecting a plurality of rectangular permanent magnets in plan view. It may be.
- a space between the center permanent magnet 22 and the side permanent magnet 23 may be filled with a nonmagnetic spacer 24, or nothing may be placed.
- the corner portion 30 includes a base 31 made of a non-magnetic material, a central magnetic pole member 32 installed on the surface of the base 31 made of the non-magnetic material, and a semicircular or semi-polygonal shape centering on the central magnetic pole member 32 And a plurality of permanent magnets 34 installed between the central magnetic pole member 32 and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 33, the plurality of permanent magnets 34 having a magnetization direction of The magnetic poles that are parallel to the surface of the target and are arranged so that the magnetic poles of the same polarity are opposed to the central magnetic pole member 32, and the magnetic poles that oppose the central magnetic pole member 32 of the plurality of permanent magnets 34 are the linear portions 20
- the central permanent magnet 22 is arranged to have the same polarity as the magnetic pole facing the target.
- the portion where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density is zero is the position of the distance R from the central magnet 410 in the straight portion. Since the corner portion has a distance r (r ⁇ R) that is closer than that, the magnetic flux concentrates on the portion where the vertical magnetic flux density component of the corner portion becomes zero, and the erosion progresses particularly in the portion where the magnetic flux in the corner portion is concentrated. Get faster.
- the portion where the magnetic flux density vertical component of the magnetic field on the target surface is zero can be spread outward at the corner.
- the position at which the magnetic flux density vertical component of the magnetic field on the target surface is zero is defined as a horizontal distance from the central magnetic pole member at the corner portion and a horizontal distance from the central permanent magnet at the straight portion as R. Sometimes it is preferred that R ⁇ r.
- the horizontal distance R is a horizontal distance between a center line in the width direction of the central permanent magnet and a line connecting portions where the magnetic flux density vertical component is zero, and the horizontal distance r is the central magnetic pole.
- This is the horizontal distance in the longitudinal direction from the center point of the member (the center point when the end of the central magnetic pole member is approximated to a semicircle) to the line connecting the portions where the magnetic flux density vertical component is zero.
- the longitudinal direction is the direction of the center line in the width direction of the central permanent magnet at the straight portion.
- the plurality of permanent magnets 34 constituting the corner portion 30 are preferably substantially trapezoidal in plan view, as shown in FIG. In the case of a semicircular shape, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferably substantially fan-shaped in plan view. Further, like the corner portion of the magnetic field generator shown in FIG. 31 (a), it may be rectangular in plan view.
- the number and size of the plurality of permanent magnets 34 are not particularly limited, and may be divided into any size from the viewpoint of manufacturing or ease of assembly, and each size may be different.
- the permanent magnets 34 constituting the corner portion 30 may be arranged so as to fill all the gaps between the central magnetic pole member 32 and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 33 in plan view, as shown in FIGS. Further, the gap 35 may be provided. Thus, the magnetic flux density can be adjusted by providing the gap 35 and arranging the permanent magnet 34.
- the gap 35 may be filled with a nonmagnetic spacer.
- the occupation ratio of the permanent magnet 34 with respect to the total area of the gap between the central magnetic pole member 32 and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 33 is preferably 30% or more, and more preferably 30 to 80%.
- a shunt magnetic body 36 for adjusting the magnetic field is preferably disposed on the base 31 side of the permanent magnet 34 as shown in FIG. 6 (a).
- the shunt magnetic body 36 By arranging the shunt magnetic body 36, the amount of magnetic flux lines flowing out to the base 31 side can be increased, and the amount of magnetic flux lines flowing out toward the target side can be reduced relatively.
- a uniform magnetic field can be used to make the erosion of the target uniform.
- the shunt magnetic body 36 is preferably provided on the side opposite to the target side with respect to the permanent magnet 34. Even if the shunt magnetic body 36 is provided on the same side as the target, it is possible to adjust the amount of magnetic flux lines, but in order to provide the shunt magnetic body 36 on the target side, the vacuum is released and the magnetic field is generated. Since it is necessary to disassemble the apparatus 1, once the shunt magnetic body 36 is installed, it cannot be easily removed, and it is impossible to adjust the amount of magnetic flux lines during sputtering. .
- the shunt magnetic body 36 on the base 31 side it can be detached from the shunt magnetic body 36 by a simple operation, depending on the type of sputtering target, sputtering conditions, etc.
- the magnetic field can be adjusted by changing the size, thickness, magnetic density, etc. of the magnetic substance 36 for shunt.
- an effect of reducing the amount of magnetic flux leaking from the back surface of the base 31 can be obtained.
- the shunt magnetic body 36 is provided in the base 31 (FIG. 6A), on the upper surface of the base 31 (FIG. 6B) or on the lower surface of the base 31 (FIG. 6C). Preferably, it may be provided at two or more locations (FIG. 6 (d) or FIG. 6 (e)). These aspects can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of sputtering, the type of target, and the like.
- a shield plate 37 made of a magnetic material may be further provided below the base 2 having the shunt magnetic material 36 (FIG. 6 (f)).
- the shunt magnetic body 36 can be easily attached / detached by being inserted into the base 31 through a hole 38 opened in the longitudinal side surface of the base 31.
- a shunt comprising a magnetic part 39a and a non-magnetic part 39b as shown in FIG.
- the working member 39 may be inserted into the base 31.
- the width W1 of the straight portion 20 is preferably larger than the width W2 of the corner portion 30 in the portion where the straight portion 20 and the corner portion 30 face each other.
- the erosion line of the straight line portion (corresponding to the portion where the magnetic flux density vertical component becomes zero) formed by the magnetic field generator and the erosion line of the corner portion. it can.
- the point P approaches the point Q, and the erosion lines at the straight line portion and the corner portion are smooth.
- the relationship between the width W1 of the straight portion 20 and the width W2 of the corner portion 30 is preferably W1 ⁇ W2 ⁇ W1 ⁇ 0.8.
- the width W1 of the straight portion 20 is preferably 150 mm or less. By setting the width W1 to 150 mm or less, it is possible to form a film with a more uniform thickness on the substrate.
- the width W1 is preferably 100 mm or less in practice. It is desirable that the straight line portion 20 and the corner portion 30 be arranged with a certain distance. By providing the interval, it is possible to reduce the influence on the corner portion of the magnetic field by the magnet of the linear portion.
- a non-magnetic spacer may be disposed between the straight portion 20 and the corner portion 30, or nothing may be provided.
- the permanent magnet can be formed of a known permanent magnet material.
- a rare earth magnet for the central permanent magnet and the side permanent magnet constituting the linear portion, and R (at least one of rare earth elements such as Nd), T
- R at least one of rare earth elements such as Nd
- T It is more preferable to use an RTB anisotropic sintered magnet (having various surface treatments from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance) containing (Fe or Fe and Co) and B as essential components.
- the rare earth magnet may be used for a plurality of permanent magnets constituting the corner portion.
- the magnetic flux density is lower than that of the permanent magnet used for the linear portion. It is preferable to use a permanent magnet smaller than the permanent magnet used for the straight portion or a ferrite magnet having a lower magnetic flux density than the rare earth magnet.
- the size of the ferrite magnet may be appropriately set according to its magnetic characteristics.
- the thickness of the ferrite magnet and the pole piece (the height direction from the base of the nonmagnetic material, the magnetization in the ferrite magnet)
- the vertical direction By setting the vertical direction to about 2 to 3 times that of the rare earth magnet, it is possible to obtain an equivalent magnetic flux density.
- the erosion region of the target is expanded, the life of the target is extended, and a film can be formed with a uniform thickness on the substrate.
- a known magnetic body (soft magnetic body) is used for the magnetic base, the magnetic pole member, and the shunt plate, and a steel material having magnetism is particularly preferably used.
- a plurality of magnetic field generators according to the present invention are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and each magnetic field generator is moved (oscillated) to the same extent as the above intervals to form a large substrate using an integrated target.
- the magnetic field generator may be provided with a mechanism for adjusting the distance between the upper surface of the magnetic field generator and the target surface.
- the second magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 2 of the present invention is installed at the center of the base 202 made of a nonmagnetic material, as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b).
- the bar-shaped central magnetic pole member 203, the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 204 installed so as to surround the central magnetic pole member 203, and the magnetization direction in the racetrack-shaped region between the central magnetic pole member 203 and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 204 Are arranged so as to be parallel to the surface of the target, and the base part 202 side with respect to the linear part permanent magnet 205 and the corner part permanent magnet 206.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 is disposed at a predetermined interval so that the surface on which the permanent magnet is located faces the back surface of the target 207 (see FIG. 12).
- the plurality of linear portion permanent magnets 205 and corner portion permanent magnets 206 are installed such that magnetic poles of the same polarity, for example, N poles, face the central magnetic pole member 203.
- the central magnetic pole member 203 is made of a bar-like soft magnetic body in plan view, and both ends thereof may be arcuate (see FIG. 11 (a)) or polygonal (see FIG. 11 (b) or FIG. 11 (c)). In the case of a polygonal shape, although not limited, a quadrangular shape (FIG. 11 (b)), a hexagonal shape (FIG. 11 (c)), and the like are preferable.
- the shape of both end portions of the central magnetic pole member 203 is preferably set in accordance with the shape of the permanent magnet 206 disposed at the corner portion.
- the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 204 is preferably made of a soft magnetic material, and the corner portion preferably has a semicircular shape (see FIG. 10 (a)) or a polygonal shape. From the viewpoint of ease of production, a polygonal shape is more preferable.
- the shape of the polygon is not particularly limited, but a hexagonal shape shown in FIG. 11 (c), a quadrangle shape shown in FIG. 11 (d), and the like are preferable, and a hexagonal shape is more preferable.
- the shape of the corner portion of the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 204 does not need to be a shape corresponding to the shape of both end portions of the central magnetic pole member 203, and can be designed independently.
- FIG. 10 and FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (d) show these combinations, but the present invention is not limited to these combinations.
- the magnetic body (soft magnetic body) used for the central magnetic pole member 203 and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 204 known materials can be used, and steel, stainless steel (having magnetism), or the like can be used.
- FIG. 12 shows the lines of magnetic force generated by the magnetic field generator 2 of the present invention.
- the magnetic flux lines flowing out from the N pole of each permanent magnet pass through the central magnetic pole member 203, and from the upper surface 203a (see FIG. 10B) through the target 207, the upper surface 204a of the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 204 (see FIG. 10B). ) And into the south pole of each permanent magnet. Since the magnetic flux passes above each permanent magnet, a magnetic field (perpendicular to the electric field in the vicinity of the electrode) distributed in a racetrack shape in a plan view is formed.
- the magnetic flux lines flowing out from the lower surface 203b of the central magnetic pole member 203 flow into the base 202 made of a non-magnetic material, and part of the magnetic flux passes through the shunt magnetic material 208, It flows into the lower surface 204b (see FIG. 10B) of the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 204.
- the base is compared with the magnetic field generator 2 of the present invention.
- the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path on the 202 side is large, and as a result, the amount of magnetic flux on the target 207 side is relatively large.
- FIG. 14 shows the magnetic flux density horizontal component generated on the target surface by the magnetic field generator 2 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 by magnetic field simulation using the finite element method, and the distance from the center of the central magnetic pole member 203 (outer magnetic pole). The result plotted with respect to the member 204 direction) is shown.
- a 2.5 mm thick SUS430 plate was used as the shunt magnetic body 208.
- the magnetic field generated on the target surface is 43 mT when the shunt magnetic body 208 is installed (configuration shown in FIG. 12) and the shunt plate is not installed (configuration shown in FIG. 13). Decreased to 32 mT.
- the second magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 2 includes the magnetic circuit for shunt in a magnetic circuit configured using the magnet arranged so that the magnetization direction is parallel to the surface of the target as described above.
- the body 208 is provided on the opposite side of the target with respect to the magnet, but a conventional magnet as shown in FIG. 29 is used so that the magnetization direction is perpendicular to the surface of the target.
- the magnetic circuit configured as described above since the base made of a magnetic material is disposed on the opposite side of the target from the magnet, the magnetic field is adjusted by arranging the shunt magnetic material on the base side as described above. I can't.
- the magnetic field can be adjusted by providing the shunt magnetic body 208 on the base side made of a non-magnetic material.
- the strength and direction of the magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet is adjusted by providing the magnetic material for shunt 208 in the base 202 made of a non-magnetic material. can do.
- the amount of magnetic flux lines flowing out to the base 202 side is reduced, so that the magnetic flux lines flowing out to the target 207 side
- the amount increases and a stronger magnetic field is formed on the target 207 side.
- local erosion of the target 207 may progress.
- the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path on the base 202 side becomes small, and the amount of magnetic flux on the base 202 side increases.
- the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path on the target 207 side is relatively larger than the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path on the base 202 side, the amount of magnetic flux on the target 207 side is reduced, and the magnetic field becomes smaller. As a result, erosion of the target 207 can be suppressed.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 is provided on the side opposite to the target 207 side with respect to the linear portion permanent magnet 205 and the corner portion permanent magnet 206. Even if the shunt magnetic body 208 is provided on the same side as the target 207, it is possible to adjust the amount of magnetic flux lines, but in order to provide the shunt magnetic body 208 on the target 207 side, the vacuum is released. Because it is necessary to disassemble the magnetic field generator 2, once the shunt magnetic body 208 is installed, it cannot be easily removed, and the amount of magnetic flux lines cannot be adjusted during sputtering. It is.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 can be removed with a simple operation, and the type of target 207 used for sputtering, sputtering conditions, etc.
- the magnetic field can be adjusted by changing the size, thickness, soft magnetic characteristics and the like of the magnetic material 208 for shunt.
- an effect of reducing the amount of magnetic flux leaking from the back surface of the base 202 can be obtained.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 is provided in the base 202 (FIG. 15A), on the upper surface of the base 202 (FIG. 15B) or on the lower surface of the base 202 (FIG. 15C). Preferably, it may be provided at two or more locations (FIG. 15 (d) or FIG. 15 (e)). These modes can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of sputtering, the type of the target 207, and the like.
- a shield plate 209 made of a magnetic material may be further provided below the base 202 having the shunt magnetic material 208 (FIG. 15 (f)).
- the shunt magnetic body 208 can be easily attached and detached by allowing it to be inserted into the base 202 through a hole 210 opened in the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the base 202. be able to. Also, as shown in FIG. 16 (b), the shunt magnetic body 208 may be inserted into the base 202 through a plurality of holes 211 opened at regular intervals on the side surface in the width direction of the base 202. . In this case, the shunt magnetic body 208 is discretely arranged in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic field generator 2, but the central magnetic pole member 203 and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member as in the magnetic field generator 2 of the present invention.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 is not necessarily provided uniformly in the longitudinal direction, and can be discretely arranged.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 may have a columnar shape as shown in FIG. 17 (a), or may have a columnar shape with an oval cross section as shown in FIG. 17 (b). .
- the shunt magnetic body 208 when the shunt magnetic body 208 is inserted through the holes 210 and 211 opened in the side surface of the base 202, the same shunt magnetic body 208 is used. There is no need, and for example, different soft magnetic characteristics may be used in combination. Thus, by using a combination of different types of shunt magnetic bodies 208, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator 2 can be finely adjusted. In particular, when the magnetic material for shunt 208 is inserted from the hole 211 opened in the side surface in the width direction of the base 202, the magnetic material for shunt 208 arranged on the racetrack-shaped straight portion and the magnetic material for shunt arranged on the corner portion. A more uniform magnetic field can be obtained by changing the soft magnetic characteristics with the body 208, the thickness, size, etc. of the magnetic body.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 when the shunt magnetic body 208 is provided on the lower surface of the base 202, the shunt magnetic body 208 is placed on the lower surface of the base 202 as shown in FIG.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 can be easily removed by providing a recess 212 to be provided and fitting the shunt magnetic body 208 into the recess 212 so that the screw 213 can be fastened.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 includes a magnetic body portion 208a and a non-magnetic spacer 208b so that the magnetic body is disposed only in the portion of the base 202 where the magnetic flux density is high.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 may be formed by laminating a magnetic body portion 208a and a nonmagnetic spacer 208b in layers.
- the total thickness of the magnetic part 208a and the nonmagnetic spacer 208b is made constant, and the thickness of the magnetic part 208a is changed as shown in FIGS. 20 (a) to 20 (c). It is possible to finely adjust the magnetic field by preparing an object.
- the magnetic part 208a is arranged so as to be on the upper surface (surface near the permanent magnet, FIG. 20 (d)), or on the lower surface (surface far from the permanent magnet, FIG. 20 (a)).
- the total thickness of the magnetic body portion 208a and the nonmagnetic spacer 208b is set according to the thickness of the holes 210 and 211 provided in the base 202, so that the magnetic body portion 208a and the nonmagnetic spacer 208b are layered.
- the board bonded together is firmly fixed without rattling.
- the shunt magnetic body 208 is preferably shaped so that it can be easily replaced.
- the protruding portion may be configured to be a non-magnetic spacer 208b, or as shown in FIG. 21 (c), the protruding portion is formed on the protruding portion.
- 208c may be provided so that the shunt magnetic body 208 can be easily removed from the holes 210 and 211.
- the magnetic body (soft magnetic body) used for the shunt magnetic body 208 known materials can be used, and steel materials, stainless steel (having magnetism) and the like can be used.
- the permanent magnet can be formed of a known permanent magnet material.
- a rare earth magnet in order to obtain a high magnetic flux density, it is preferable to use a rare earth magnet, and an RTB type having R (at least one of rare earth elements such as Nd), T (Fe or Fe and Co) and B as essential components. It is more preferable to use an isotropic sintered magnet (which has been subjected to various surface treatments in terms of corrosion resistance).
- the configuration of the magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator of the present invention is not limited to a racetrack-shaped magnetic field generator (second magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 2).
- the third magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 3 includes a base 322 made of a non-magnetic material, a circular central magnetic pole member 323 installed on the surface thereof, and an annular shape provided around the central magnetic pole member 323. Installed between the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 324, the central magnetic pole member 323, and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 324 so that the magnetization is parallel to the surface of the target and the same polarity magnetic pole faces the central magnetic pole member 323.
- a shunt magnetic body 326 for adjusting the magnetic field generated on the target surface is disposed on the base 322 side of the plurality of permanent magnets 325 (see FIG. 22 ( Area indicated by dotted line in a)).
- the shunt magnetic body 326 may have any shape as long as the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the plurality of permanent magnets 325 can be adjusted, and may be a fan shape as indicated by a dotted line in FIG.
- An annular shape (not shown) in which the sectors are connected may be used. Further, it may not be arranged for all the permanent magnets 325.
- the third magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 3 is essentially the same as the second magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 2 except that the shape thereof is circular, and the non-magnetic base 322 side.
- the shunt magnetic body 326 By disposing the shunt magnetic body 326 in the same manner as in the case of the second magnetron sputtering magnetic field generator 2, the magnetic field can be adjusted with a simple operation.
- Comparative Example 1 As shown in Fig. 23 (a) and Fig. 23 (b), it consists of a steel plate (SS400) yoke 130 and an RTB anisotropic sintered magnet (NMX50AH made by Hitachi Metals, maximum energy product: 50 MGOe or more).
- NMX50AH made by Hitachi Metals, maximum energy product: 50 MGOe or more.
- W 300 mm
- L1 200 mm
- L2 50 mm
- a 100 mm
- b 50 mm
- c 20 mm
- d 10 mm
- e 30
- the magnetic field generator 100 was produced so that it might become mm.
- a (h)” and “D (h)” are the results of measuring the horizontal component of the magnetic flux density along the A line and the D line, respectively
- a (p)” and “D ( "p)” is the result of measuring the vertical component of the magnetic flux density along the A line and D line, respectively.
- Points at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density is zero on the A line and the D line are indicated by a point P and a point Q, respectively.
- the Q point and the P point are 30 mm and 35 mm, respectively, and it can be seen that the point at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density at the corner portion becomes zero is closer to the inside than that of the straight line portion.
- a (h)” and “D (h)” are the results of measuring the horizontal component of the magnetic flux density along the A line and the D line, respectively
- a (p)” and “D ( "p)” is the result of measuring the vertical component of the magnetic flux density along the A line and D line, respectively.
- Points at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density is zero on the A line and the D line are indicated by a point P and a point Q, respectively.
- the Q point and the P point are 43 mm and 37 mm respectively, and the point at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density at the corner portion becomes zero approaches the outer peripheral magnetic pole member side of the corner portion (spreads outward). I can see that.
- Example 2 In the magnetic field generator 1 of Example 1 (see FIG. 25), the arrangement of the magnets at the corners was changed to the configuration shown in FIG. The points (P point and Q point) at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density becomes zero were obtained. At this time, the occupation ratio of the magnet in the corner portion (occupation area of the permanent magnet with respect to the total area of the gap between the central magnetic pole member and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member) was 50%. In this configuration, the points P and Q were 37 mm and 43 mm, and the positions of the points P and Q were the same as those of the magnetic field generator 1 of Example 1.
- Example 3 In the magnetic field generator 1 of Example 1 (see FIG. 25), the arrangement of the magnets at the corners was changed to the configuration shown in FIG. The points (P point and Q point) at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density becomes zero were obtained. At this time, the occupation ratio of the magnet in the corner portion was 50%. In this configuration, the points P and Q were 37 mm and 42 mm, respectively, and the positions of the points P and Q were almost the same as in Example 1.
- Example 4 In the magnetic field generator 1 of Example 1 (see FIG. 25), the yoke 21 is arranged so that the distance between the central permanent magnet 22 and the side permanent magnet 23 is increased without changing the widths d and c of the magnets in the linear portion.
- the points (P point and Q point) at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density on the target surface becomes zero were obtained. In this configuration, both the P point and the Q point were 43 mm.
- Example 5 In the magnetic field generator of Example 4, the target surface in the A line and D line was the same as in Example 4 except that the arrangement of the magnets at the corners was changed to the configuration used in Example 2 (see FIG. 4). The points (P point and Q point) at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density is zero were obtained. In this configuration, both the P point and the Q point were 43 mm.
- Table 1 summarizes the points P and Q of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1. From these results, in the comparative examples, the Q point is smaller than the P point and the point where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density at the corner portion becomes zero (erosion line) is inward, whereas in Examples 1 to 5, It can be seen that the point Q is greater than or equal to the point P, and an erosion line extending outward at the corner can be formed. As a result, in the magnetic field generators of Examples 1 to 5, uniform erosion can be obtained at the straight portion and the corner portion, and the utilization efficiency of the target can be improved.
- Example 6 In the magnetic field generator of Example 5, the point where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density becomes zero on the target surface was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the arrangement of the magnets at the corners was changed to the configuration shown in FIG. This is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. In this configuration, the distance k between the straight part and the corner part was 5 mm, and the occupation ratio of the magnet in the corner part was 75%.
- Example 7 In the magnetic field generator of Example 5, the point where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density becomes zero on the target surface was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the arrangement of the magnets at the corners was changed to the configuration shown in FIG. This is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. In this configuration, the distance k between the straight part and the corner part was 5 mm, and the occupation ratio of the magnet in the corner part was 50%.
- the horizontal component of the magnetic flux density at the point where the vertical component of the magnetic flux density becomes zero on the target surface was 10 ⁇ m or more at the corner.
- Example 8 In the magnetic field generator 1 shown in Example 1, the magnets constituting the straight part are left as they are, and only the magnets constituting the corner part are changed to ferrite magnets (manufactured by Hitachi Metals: anisotropic ferrite magnet).
- a magnetic field generator was configured in the same manner.
- the thickness of the ferrite magnet in the direction perpendicular to the magnetization direction was set so that the horizontal component at the point where the vertical component of the surface magnetic flux density becomes zero was 10 mT or more.
- the height j of the central magnetic pole member 32 and the outer peripheral magnetic pole member 33 was adjusted to the thickness of the ferrite magnet.
- the point (P point and Q point) at which the vertical component of the magnetic flux density becomes zero on the target surface of this magnetic field generator was almost the same as in Example 1.
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Abstract
Description
前記直線部は、磁性体のベースと、前記磁性体のベースの表面に設置された長方形状の中央部永久磁石と、前記中央部永久磁石の両側に離間して、前記中央部永久磁石と平行に、前記磁性体のベースの表面に設置された長方形状の2つの側部永久磁石とを有し、
前記中央部永久磁石及び前記側部永久磁石は、磁化方向が前記ターゲット表面に垂直であり、前記中央部永久磁石の極性と前記側部永久磁石の極性とが互いに異なるように配置され、
前記コーナー部は、非磁性体からなるベースと、前記非磁性体からなるベースの表面に設置された中央磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材を中心として半円状又は半多角形状に設置された外周磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材と前記外周磁極部材との間に設置された複数の永久磁石とを有し、
前記複数の永久磁石は、磁化方向が前記ターゲットの表面に平行であり、同極性の磁極が前記中央磁極部材に対向するように配置され、
前記複数の永久磁石の前記中央磁極部材に対向する磁極が、前記中央部永久磁石の前記ターゲットに対向する磁極と同極性であることを特徴とする。
本発明の第一のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置1は、ターゲット表面にレーストラック状の磁場を発生させるための装置であり、図1に示すように、直線部20及び2つのコーナー部30,30からなるレーストラック形状を有している。
(1)構成
本発明の第二のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置2は、図10(a)及び図10(b)に示すように、非磁性体からなるベース202と、その中央に設置された棒状の中央磁極部材203と、その中央磁極部材203を取り囲むように設置された外周磁極部材204と、前記中央磁極部材203と前記外周磁極部材204との間のレーストラック形状の領域に、磁化方向がターゲットの表面に平行になるように配置された直線部用永久磁石205及びコーナー部用永久磁石206と、前記直線部用永久磁石205及びコーナー部用永久磁石206に対して、前記ベース202側に設けられたシャント用磁性体208とを有し、前記永久磁石がある面がターゲット207(図12参照)の裏面に対向するように所定間隔をおいて配置される。前記複数の直線部用永久磁石205及びコーナー部用永久磁石206は、同極性の磁極、例えばN極が前記中央磁極部材203に向くように設置されている。
本発明の磁場発生装置2において、前記シャント用磁性体208を非磁性体からなるベース202中に設けることにより、前記永久磁石によって形成される磁場の強度及び方向を調節することができる。例えば、図13に示すように、前記シャント用磁性体208を設置しない従来の磁場発生装置の場合、ベース202側に流出する磁束線の量が少なくなるので、ターゲット207側に流出する磁束線の量が多くなり、より強い磁場がターゲット207側に形成される。その結果、ターゲット207の局部的なエロージョンが進んでしまう場合がある。図12に示すように、前記シャント用磁性体208をベース202中に設置すると、ベース202側の磁路の磁気抵抗が小さくなるため、ベース202側の磁束量は増加する。一方、ターゲット207側の磁路の磁気抵抗は、ベース202側の磁路の磁気抵抗より相対的に大きくなるため、ターゲット207側の磁束量を減少させ、磁場が小さくなる。その結果、ターゲット207のエロージョンを抑制することができる。
永久磁石は、公知の永久磁石材料で形成することができる。特に高い磁束密度を得るために、希土類磁石を使用するのが好ましく、R(Nd等の希土類元素のうちの少なくとも一種)、T(Fe又はFe及びCo)及びBを必須成分とするR-T-B系異方性焼結磁石(耐食性の点から各種の表面処理を施したもの)を使用するのがより好ましい。
本発明のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置の構成は、レーストラック状の磁場発生装置(第二のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置2)に限定されない。
図23(a)及び図23(b)に示すような、鋼板(SS400)製のヨーク130と、R-T-B系異方性焼結磁石(日立金属製NMX50AH、最大エネルギー積:50 MGOe以上)からなる中央磁石110及び外周磁石120とを用いて、W=300 mm、L1=200 mm、L2=50 mm、a=100 mm、b=50 mm、c=20 mm、d=10 mm及びe=30 mmとなるように磁場発生装置100を作製した。磁場解析により、磁場発生装置100の表面から20 mmの位置(ターゲット表面の位置に相当)における磁束密度の水平成分及び垂直成分をそれぞれAライン及びDラインに沿って測定した。結果を図24に示す。
図25(a)、図25(b)及び図25(c)に示すような、鋼板(SS400)製のヨーク21、R-T-B系異方性焼結磁石(日立金属製NMX50AH、最大エネルギー積:50 MGOe以上)からなる中央部永久磁石22及び側部永久磁石23を有する直線部20と、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼(SUS304)製のベース31、鋼板(SS400)製の中央磁極部材32及び外周磁極部材33、並びにR-TM-B系異方性焼結磁石(日立金属製NMX50AH、最大エネルギー積:50MGOe以上)からなる永久磁石34を有するコーナー部30とからなり、W=300 mm、L1=200 mm、L2=50 mm、a=100 mm、b=50 mm、c=20 mm、d=10 mm、e=30 mm、f=100 mm、g=50 mm、h=20 mm、i=10 mm及びj=10 mmとなる磁場発生装置1を作製した。磁場解析により、磁場発生装置1表面から20 mmの位置(ターゲット表面の位置に相当)における磁束密度の水平成分及び垂直成分をそれぞれAライン及びDラインに沿って測定した。結果を図26に示す。
実施例1の磁場発生装置1 (図25参照)においてコーナー部の磁石の配置を図4に示すような構成に変更した以外実施例1と同様にして、Aライン及びDラインにおいて、ターゲット表面における磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロとなる点(P点及びQ点)を求めた。このときコーナー部における磁石の占有率(前記中央磁極部材と前記外周磁極部材との間隙の総面積に対する前記永久磁石の占有面積)は50%であった。この構成において、P点及びQ点は37 mm及び43 mmであり、P点とQ点の位置は実施例1の磁場発生装置1と同じであった。
実施例1の磁場発生装置1 (図25参照)においてコーナー部の磁石の配置を図5に示すような構成に変更した以外実施例1と同様にして、Aライン及びDラインにおいて、ターゲット表面における磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロとなる点(P点及びQ点)を求めた。このときコーナー部における磁石の占有率は50%であった。この構成において、P点及びQ点はそれぞれ37 mm及び42 mmであり、P点とQ点の位置は実施例1とほぼ同じであった。
実施例1の磁場発生装置1 (図25参照)において、直線部の磁石の幅d及びcは変更せずに、中央部永久磁石22及び側部永久磁石23の距離が広がるように、ヨーク21の幅を両側に5 mmずつ均等に広げた構成(a=110 mm)の磁場発生装置(図9に示すような構成)を用いた以外実施例1と同様にして、Aライン及びDラインにおいて、ターゲット表面における磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロとなる点(P点及びQ点)を求めた。この構成において、P点及びQ点はともに43 mmであった。
実施例4の磁場発生装置において、コーナー部の磁石の配置を実施例2で用いた構成(図4を参照)に変更した以外実施例4と同様にして、Aライン及びDラインにおいて、ターゲット表面における磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロとなる点(P点及びQ点)を求めた。この構成において、P点及びQ点はともに43 mmであった。
実施例5の磁場発生装置において、コーナー部の磁石の配置を図27に示すような構成に変更した以外実施例5と同様にして、ターゲット表面において磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロとなる点を求め、図27に点線で示した。なおこの構成において、直線部とコーナー部との間隔kは5 mmであり、またコーナー部における磁石の占有率は75%であった。
実施例5の磁場発生装置において、コーナー部の磁石の配置を図28に示すような構成に変更した以外実施例5と同様にして、ターゲット表面において磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロとなる点を求め、図28に点線で示した。なおこの構成において、直線部とコーナー部との間隔kは5 mmであり、またコーナー部における磁石の占有率は50%であった。
実施例1に示す磁場発生装置1において、直線部を構成する磁石はそのままで、コーナー部を構成する磁石のみをフェライト磁石(日立金属製:異方性フェライト磁石)に変更した以外実施例1と同様にして磁場発生装置を構成した。なおフェライト磁石の、磁化方向に対して直角方向の厚さは、表面磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロになる点における水平成分が10 mT以上となるように設定した。中央磁極部材32及び外周磁極部材33の高さjは、前記フェライト磁石の厚さに合わせた。この磁場発生装置の、ターゲット表面において磁束密度の垂直成分がゼロとなる点(P点及びQ点)は実施例1とほぼ同じであった。
Claims (15)
- ターゲット表面に磁場を発生させるための、直線部及びコーナー部からなるレーストラック形状のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置であって、
前記直線部は、磁性体のベースと、前記磁性体のベースの表面に設置された長方形状の中央部永久磁石と、前記中央部永久磁石の両側に離間して、前記中央部永久磁石と平行に、前記磁性体のベースの表面に設置された長方形状の2つの側部永久磁石とを有し、
前記中央部永久磁石及び前記側部永久磁石は、磁化方向が前記ターゲット表面に垂直であり、前記中央部永久磁石の極性と前記側部永久磁石の極性とが互いに異なるように配置され、
前記コーナー部は、非磁性体からなるベースと、前記非磁性体からなるベースの表面に設置された中央磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材を中心として半円状又は半多角形状に設置された外周磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材と前記外周磁極部材との間に設置された複数の永久磁石とを有し、
前記複数の永久磁石は、磁化方向が前記ターゲットの表面に平行であり、同極性の磁極が前記中央磁極部材に対向するように配置され、
前記複数の永久磁石の前記中央磁極部材に対向する磁極が、前記中央部永久磁石の前記ターゲットに対向する磁極と同極性であることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。 - 請求項1に記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記コーナー部を構成する前記永久磁石が、平面視で扇形又は台形の複数の永久磁石からなることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記コーナー部を構成する前記永久磁石が、平面視で前記中央磁極部材と前記外周磁極部材との間の面積の30%以上を占めることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項3に記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記中央磁極部材と前記外周磁極部材との間は、前記永久磁石と、前記永久磁石以外の部分を充填する非磁性体のスペーサとからなることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記直線部における前記中央部永久磁石と前記側部永久磁石との間が、非磁性体のスペーサで充填されていることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記ターゲット表面における磁場の磁束密度垂直成分がゼロとなる位置が、前記コーナー部での前記中央磁極部材からの水平距離をr、前記直線部での前記中央部永久磁石からの水平距離をRとしたとき、R≦rであることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記ターゲット表面における磁場の磁束密度垂直成分がゼロとなる位置における磁束密度水平成分が、前記コーナー部において10 mT以上であることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記直線部を構成する前記中央部永久磁石及び前記側部永久磁石が希土類磁石であり、前記コーナー部を構成する前記複数の永久磁石がフェライト磁石であることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記直線部と前記コーナー部とが対向する部分における前記直線部の幅が、前記対向する部分における前記コーナー部の幅より大きいことを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記コーナー部の前記永久磁石の前記ベース側に、磁場を調節するためのシャント用磁性体が配置されていることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 非磁性体からなるベースと、その表面に設置された棒状の中央磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材を取り囲むように設置された外周磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材と前記外周磁極部材との間に設置された複数の永久磁石とを有する、ターゲット表面に磁場を発生させるためのレーストラック形状のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置であって、
前記複数の永久磁石は、磁化方向が前記ターゲットの表面に平行であり、同極性の磁極が前記中央磁極部材に対向するように配置され、
前記複数の永久磁石の前記ベース側に、前記発生した磁場を調節するためのシャント用磁性体が配置されていることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。 - 請求項11に記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記外周磁極部材がコーナー部で多角形状であることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項11又は12に記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記シャント用磁性体が、前記非磁性体からなるベース内又はベース表面に配置されていることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 請求項11~13のいずれかに記載のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置において、前記シャント用磁性体が複数の部分からなり、それぞれ脱着可能であることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
- 非磁性体からなるベースと、その表面に設置された円形状の中央磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材の周囲に設けられた円環状の外周磁極部材と、前記中央磁極部材と前記外周磁極部材との間に設置された複数の永久磁石とを有する、ターゲット表面に磁場を発生させるための円形状のマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置であって、
前記複数の永久磁石は、磁化方向が前記ターゲットの表面に平行であり、同極性の磁極が前記中央磁極部材に対向するように配置され、
前記複数の永久磁石の前記ベース側に、前記発生した磁場を調節するためのシャント用磁性体が配置されていることを特徴とするマグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置。
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EP12738968.2A EP2669403B1 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2012-01-12 | Magnetic field generation device for magnetron sputtering |
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Cited By (7)
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WO2014125889A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-15 | 2014-08-21 | 日立金属株式会社 | マグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置 |
JPWO2014125889A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-15 | 2017-02-02 | 日立金属株式会社 | マグネトロンスパッタリング用磁場発生装置 |
KR20160035534A (ko) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-03-31 | 명지대학교 산학협력단 | 스퍼터링을 이용한 전자파 차단 차폐막 형성 방법 및 그 장치 |
KR101686318B1 (ko) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-12-13 | 명지대학교 산학협력단 | 스퍼터링을 이용한 전자파 차단 차폐막 형성 방법 및 그 장치 |
JP2016160522A (ja) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-05 | 日立金属株式会社 | ターゲット |
WO2018101444A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | マグネトロンスパッタリング装置、及び、磁場形成装置 |
JPWO2018101444A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-10-24 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | マグネトロンスパッタリング装置、及び、磁場形成装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103328683A (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
EP2669403A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
KR20140003570A (ko) | 2014-01-09 |
CN103328683B (zh) | 2015-04-15 |
EP2669403A4 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
US9580797B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
JP5835235B2 (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
US20130299349A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
EP2669403B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
JPWO2012102092A1 (ja) | 2014-06-30 |
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