WO2012101937A1 - 超音波プローブ及び超音波診断装置 - Google Patents
超音波プローブ及び超音波診断装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012101937A1 WO2012101937A1 PCT/JP2011/079444 JP2011079444W WO2012101937A1 WO 2012101937 A1 WO2012101937 A1 WO 2012101937A1 JP 2011079444 W JP2011079444 W JP 2011079444W WO 2012101937 A1 WO2012101937 A1 WO 2012101937A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4483—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/54—Control of the diagnostic device
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/56—Details of data transmission or power supply
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8909—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration
- G01S15/8915—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a transducer array
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8909—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration
- G01S15/8915—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a transducer array
- G01S15/8927—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a static transducer configuration using a transducer array using simultaneously or sequentially two or more subarrays or subapertures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52025—Details of receivers for pulse systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52079—Constructional features
- G01S7/5208—Constructional features with integration of processing functions inside probe or scanhead
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
- G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
- G10K11/34—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using electrical steering of transducer arrays, e.g. beam steering
- G10K11/341—Circuits therefor
- G10K11/346—Circuits therefor using phase variation
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to techniques of an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
- an ultrasonic two-dimensional (2D) array probe or the like hundreds to thousands of ultrasonic transducers are used.
- the number of signal lines is very large, so that the entire cable becomes thick and the operation is hindered. Therefore, in such an ultrasonic probe, a subarray reception delay circuit is used in which a plurality of transducers are made into one group (subarray). As a result, it is possible to perform reception delay processing partially within the ultrasonic probe and perform addition for each sub-array, thereby reducing the number of signal lines.
- aperture growth improves the reception sound field at a short distance.
- the difference in delay amount is large between the ultrasonic transducer near the center of the aperture and the ultrasonic transducer far from the center of the aperture. For this reason, the delay circuit may not be able to tolerate this difference in delay amount, and reception quality may deteriorate.
- aperture growth when the reflected wave from near the body surface is received, the opening of the ultrasonic probe is reduced, and the opening is increased as the depth increases.
- the opening control of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus including the aperture growth was performed by the receiving circuit of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body.
- aperture control is performed in units of subarrays. Therefore, aperture growth is also performed in units of subarrays, and there is a problem that image quality is deteriorated as compared with aperture growth in units of transducers.
- fine scanning is difficult because the location of the aperture center is limited to the sections grouped as subarrays.
- Such a problem can be solved by providing a signal line for performing aperture control for each ultrasonic transducer and performing aperture control in units of ultrasonic transducers.
- the problem arises that the number of signal lines increases and the entire cable becomes thick as described above. It is difficult.
- An embodiment of the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem.
- aperture control in units of ultrasonic transducers is performed. It aims to make it possible.
- a first aspect of this embodiment includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers, a plurality of delay circuits, and an addition circuit, and is configured to be able to control the reception opening of the ultrasonic waves.
- Ultrasonic probe The ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves having a predetermined period and receives ultrasonic echoes from within the subject.
- the delay circuit receives a reception signal from each of the ultrasonic transducers and applies a delay process to each of the reception signals.
- the adder circuit adds the received signals subjected to the delay processing for each predetermined group and outputs the result.
- the ultrasonic probe also includes gate means.
- the gate means is configured to be able to switch connection and disconnection of the signal path for each signal path disposed between the ultrasonic transducer and the adding circuit. Further, the gate means connects only the signal path from the ultrasonic transducer corresponding to the preset initial receiving aperture after the transmission of the ultrasonic wave within the period of the ultrasonic wave, and the time of the reception period elapses. In response, corresponding signal paths are connected in order from the ultrasonic transducer close to the initial receiving aperture.
- a second aspect of this embodiment includes an ultrasonic probe that includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers, a plurality of delay circuits, and an addition circuit, and is configured to be able to control the reception opening of the ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment.
- the ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves having a predetermined period and receives ultrasonic echoes from within the subject.
- the delay circuit receives a reception signal from each of the ultrasonic transducers and applies a delay process to each of the reception signals.
- the adder circuit adds the received signals subjected to the delay processing for each predetermined group and outputs the result.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus receives the reception signal output from the ultrasonic probe, and phasing-adds the reception signal to generate an ultrasonic image.
- the ultrasonic probe also includes gate means. The gate means is configured to be able to switch connection and disconnection of the signal path for each signal path disposed between the ultrasonic transducer and the adding circuit.
- a third aspect of this embodiment is an ultrasonic probe including a plurality of ultrasonic transducers, a plurality of delay circuits, an adding circuit, and gate means.
- the ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves and receives ultrasonic echoes from within the subject.
- the delay circuit receives a reception signal from each of the ultrasonic transducers and applies a delay process to each of the reception signals.
- the adder circuit adds the received signals subjected to the delay processing for each predetermined group and outputs the result.
- the gate circuit is configured to be able to switch connection and disconnection of the signal path for each signal path disposed between the ultrasonic transducer and the addition circuit.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus partially phasing and adding signals received by a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “received signals”) within the ultrasonic probe. .
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus controls the opening for receiving ultrasonic waves for each ultrasonic transducer.
- “opening control” includes both control of the position of the opening (position of the opening center) and control of the area (size) of the opening.
- the receiving unit of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes the ultrasonic probe 1 and the main body receiving unit 2.
- the ultrasonic probe 1 includes a transmission circuit 10, an ultrasonic transducer group 11, a preamplifier group 12, a TGC voltage supply unit 13, a delay circuit group 14, a matrix switch 15, an adder circuit 16, and in-probe control. Part 18.
- the transmission circuit 10 includes a clock generator, a division cycle, a transmission delay circuit, and a pulsar.
- the clock pulse generated by the clock generator is dropped to a rate pulse of about 5 KHz by a frequency divider.
- This rate pulse is applied to the pulser through the transmission delay circuit to generate a high-frequency voltage pulse, and the ultrasonic transducer group 11 is driven (mechanically vibrated) by this voltage pulse.
- an ultrasonic beam is irradiated from the ultrasonic transducer group 11 toward the object to be observed according to the electric signal from the transmission circuit 10.
- the ultrasonic transducer group 11 transmits / receives ultrasonic waves to / from an observation object (for example, heart).
- the ultrasonic beams transmitted from the respective ultrasonic transducers constituting the ultrasonic transducer group 11 have different acoustic impedances such as boundaries of structures within the observed body. Reflected at the interface corresponding to the structure, movement, etc. in the observed body.
- Each transducer receives the ultrasonic wave reflected in the observed body.
- Each transducer converts the received ultrasonic wave into an electrical signal and outputs the electrical signal to the preamplifier group 12 via a signal line 11a connected to each transducer.
- the signal line 11a is formed for each vibrator from the vibrator to the adder circuit 16.
- the signal line 11a corresponds to a “signal path”.
- the in-probe control unit 18 is a control unit that controls the operation of each unit in the ultrasonic probe 1.
- the in-probe control unit 18 includes a reception delay control unit 181, an output switching control unit 182, and a TGC gate control unit 183 in the in-probe control unit 18. The operations of the reception delay control unit 181, the output switching control unit 182, and the TGC gate control unit 183 will be described later.
- the preamplifier group 12 includes a plurality of preamplifiers. Each preamplifier receives a reception signal received by the transducer via a signal line 11 a connected to the transducer constituting the ultrasonic transducer group 11. The preamplifier performs processing such as low noise amplification or buffering in order to satisfactorily transmit the ultrasonic echo signal received from the transducer.
- the preamplifier according to this embodiment is configured to be able to control the gain.
- a TGC (Time Gain Control) voltage supply unit 13 supplies a TGC voltage for controlling the gain to each preamplifier via the signal line 12a. That is, the gain of each preamplifier is determined by the TGC voltage supplied from the TGC voltage supply unit 13.
- the TGC voltage supply unit 13 changes the TGC voltage according to the timing of receiving the ultrasonic wave. Accordingly, for example, when receiving an ultrasonic wave reflected at a deeper position in the subject, the gain is controlled to be larger, whereby the attenuated ultrasonic wave can be maintained at a certain level of output.
- Each preamplifier outputs the amplified received signal to the delay circuit group 14.
- a TGC gate circuit 17 is provided on the signal line 12a connecting the TGC voltage supply unit 13 and the preamplifier.
- the TGC gate circuit 17 receives an instruction from the TGC gate controller 183 and temporarily cuts off the supply of the TGC voltage via the signal line 12a.
- the TGC gate control unit 183 will be described later.
- each preamplifier is set to zero or a very low value by cutting off the supply of the TGC voltage from the TGC voltage supply unit 13.
- the preamplifier can block the signal output from the vibrator via the signal line 11a (or reduce the power to a level that can be ignored). That is, by controlling whether or not the TGC voltage is supplied, each preamplifier switches connection and disconnection of the signal line 11a.
- the preamplifier according to the present embodiment is configured to be able to switch connection and disconnection of the signal line 11a by controlling whether or not the TGC voltage is supplied, and corresponds to “gate means”.
- the TGC gate control unit 183 controls the operation of the TGC gate circuit 17.
- the TGC gate control unit 183 is configured to be able to individually control the operation of each TGC gate circuit 17. As a result, the supply state of the TGC voltage is switched between supply and cutoff for each preamplifier.
- the gain of the preamplifier from which the supply of the TGC voltage is cut off becomes zero or a very low value, and the reception signal from the corresponding preamplifier is cut off or becomes a signal with a very small output.
- aperture control such as aperture and growth is performed in units of vibrators by switching between connection and disconnection for each signal line 11a. The details of the aperture growth control will be described later.
- the delay circuit group 14 includes a plurality of delay circuits. Each delay circuit receives a reception signal output from the preamplifier, that is, a reception signal output from the vibrator and amplified by the preamplifier. Each delay circuit performs delay processing on the output from the preamplifier and outputs the result. Delay data for each delay circuit to perform a delay process on the received signal is calculated by the reception delay control unit 181 and output to each delay circuit. The reception delay control unit 181 will be described later. Each delay circuit outputs the received signal subjected to the delay process to the matrix switch 15.
- the reception delay control unit 181 calculates a necessary delay amount for each transducer constituting the ultrasonic transducer group 11 based on the distance between the transducer and the focus point in the subject.
- the reception delay control unit 181 controls the operation of the delay circuit by outputting the calculated delay amount as delay data to the delay circuit connected to the transducer corresponding to the delay amount. Thereby, each delay circuit performs a delay process on the received signal.
- the matrix switch 15 is interposed between the delay circuit group 14 and the adder circuit 16 provided for each subarray.
- the matrix switch 15 outputs a signal input from each delay circuit constituting the delay circuit group 14 to the adder circuit 16.
- the matrix switch 15 switches the adder circuit 16 as an output destination of this signal for each signal input from the delay circuit.
- a matrix switch 15 may be provided for each sub-array so that signals can be transferred between the plurality of matrix switches 15.
- a signal input to one matrix switch can be output to the adder circuit 16 provided on the output side of another matrix switch, and the combination of the vibrators constituting the subarray can be changed. Become.
- the output switching control unit 182 controls the output destination of the received signal by the matrix switch 15 based on the correspondence between each transducer and the subarray. As a result, the reception signal from the transducer output from the delay circuit group 14 is output to the adder circuit 16 corresponding to the subarray including the transducer. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the output switching control unit 182 controls the matrix switch 15 so that the reception signals from the transducers E0 to E15 are output to the adder circuit 16 associated with the subarray G0. Control. Similarly, the output switching control unit 182 controls the matrix switch 15 so that the reception signals from the transducers En-15 to En are output to the adder circuit 16 associated with the subarray Gm.
- the matrix switch 15 need not be provided. In this case, the received signal output from the delay circuit group 14 is input to the adder circuit 16.
- the adder circuit 16 is provided for each subarray.
- the adder circuit 16 receives the received signals subjected to the delay processing by the delay circuit group 14 via the matrix switch 15 and adds these received signals.
- the adder circuit 16 outputs the added received signal to the main body receiver 2.
- the adder circuit 16 uses, for example, the transducers E0 to E15 as one subarray G0, adds reception signals from these transducers, and outputs the result to the channel CH0 of the main body reception unit 2.
- the adder circuit 16 uses the transducers En-15 to En as one subarray Gm, adds the reception signals output from these transducers, and outputs the result to the channel CHm of the main body reception unit 2.
- the main body reception unit 2 includes a reception main delay circuit 20, a signal processing unit 21, an image processing unit 22, and a display unit 23.
- the reception main delay circuit 20 is constituted by a delay addition circuit such as a digital beam former unit, and receives a signal from the ultrasonic probe 1 and performs phasing addition of the signal.
- a delay addition circuit such as a digital beam former unit
- an amplifier circuit such as a preamplifier may be provided on the input side of the delay adder circuit, and after the signal is amplified by the amplifier circuit, the phasing addition may be performed.
- the signal phased and added by the reception main delay circuit 20 is detected by the signal processing unit 21 and the envelope is extracted. Further, the extracted envelope is subjected to coordinate conversion in accordance with the cross section of the object to be observed by the image processing unit 22 or subjected to gradation processing suitable for image display, and then displayed as an ultrasonic image. 23.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram for explaining a relationship between an ultrasonic transmission timing and a reception timing.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 3A indicates the power of ultrasonic waves, and the horizontal axis indicates time.
- FIG. 3B is a view of the ultrasonic transducer group 11 as viewed from the side of the probe, and is a diagram for explaining the operation of aperture growth based on the timing related to the transmission / reception of the ultrasonic wave shown in FIG. 3A.
- the Z axis in FIG. 3B indicates the lens direction for converging the ultrasonic waves, and the X axis indicates one arrangement direction (horizontal axis direction) of the ultrasonic transducers arranged two-dimensionally.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus uses a pulse wave, for example, as in the B mode, and drives each ultrasonic transducer in a period for transmitting ultrasonic waves and a period for receiving ultrasonic waves.
- T1 in FIG. 3A indicates a transmission cycle for transmitting a pulse wave.
- the transmission cycle T1 includes a period T2 for transmitting ultrasonic waves and a period T3 for receiving ultrasonic waves reflected in the subject.
- T3 for receiving ultrasonic waves reflected at different depths in the subject are received in different periods T30 to T36. This is because the time until the transmitted ultrasonic wave is reflected within the subject and reaches the ultrasonic transducer again becomes longer as the depth of reflection of the ultrasonic wave becomes deeper.
- the depth increases in the order of depth 1, depth 2,.
- the ultrasonic waves reflected near the body surface are received.
- the ultrasonic wave reflected at the depth 1 is received in the period T31.
- the period T2 ultrasonic waves are received in an earlier period from a shallow depth to a deep depth. That is, ultrasonic waves reflected at depth 2, depth 3,..., Depth 6 are received within periods T32, T33,.
- the period T2 corresponds to the “reception period”
- the period T30 corresponds to “the initial period of the reception period”.
- the ultrasonic wave receiving aperture is gradually widened in the order of periods T30, T31,..., T36 in FIG. This operation will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- W0 to W6 in FIG. 3B indicate the widths of the ultrasonic reception openings.
- the range of transducers that receive ultrasonic waves and output received signals is gradually changed to W0, W1,. Increase to.
- the reception aperture gradually expands to W0, W1,.
- the width of the reception aperture is narrowed to W0.
- the reception aperture having the width W0 in the period T30 corresponds to the “initial reception aperture”.
- W0a to W2a in FIG. 3B indicate the widths of the reception openings that can be set by the conventional ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
- the width of the reception aperture has to be widened in units of subarrays as in W0a, W1a, and W2a.
- the receiving aperture is controlled in units of transducers as indicated by W0 to W6 in FIG. 3B.
- the phrase “expand the reception aperture” means that the number of transducers that receive ultrasonic waves and output reception signals is increased.
- FIG. 4A is a view of the ultrasonic transducer group 11 as seen from the ultrasonic transmission direction.
- the X axis in FIG. 4A indicates the horizontal axis direction, and corresponds to the X axis direction in FIG. 3B.
- a region A0 in FIG. 4A indicates a region having a width W0 in both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
- this area A0 is set as a reception opening.
- the regions A1, A2,... are returned to the initial state every period during which ultrasonic waves from a deeper depth are received (periods T31 to T36 in FIG. 3A). ⁇ Sequentially add A6.
- the reception aperture is gradually widened according to the timing of receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected at each depth. Note that it is sufficient to operate so that the reception aperture expands according to the depth, and the width of the reception aperture in the X-axis direction and the width of the Y-axis, and the shape of the reception aperture are not necessarily limited to those described above. .
- FIG. 4B shows control timing related to aperture growth in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- TGC voltage: common input indicates the power of the TGC voltage that the TGC voltage supply unit 13 supplies to the preamplifier group 12.
- FIG. 4B shows a graph of “TGC gate control signal” and “TGC voltage” for each region (A0 to A6) shown in FIG. 4A.
- the graph of “TGC gate control signal” indicates the power of the control signal for controlling the TGC gate circuit 17.
- TGC voltage When this control signal is input to the TGC gate circuit 17, the TGC voltage from the TGC voltage supply unit 13 passes through the TGC gate circuit 17 and is supplied to the corresponding preamplifier.
- the power of the TGC voltage supplied at this time is indicated by “TGC voltage”.
- preamplifier corresponding to the region A0 indicates “a preamplifier that amplifies a signal from a transducer included in the region A0”.
- TGC gate circuit corresponding to region A0 when “TGC gate circuit corresponding to region A0” is described, it indicates “a TGC gate circuit that controls whether or not a TGC voltage is supplied to a preamplifier that amplifies a signal from a vibrator included in region A0”.
- each transducer in a period T2, ultrasonic waves are transmitted from each transducer constituting the ultrasonic transducer group 11 to the subject.
- the TGC voltage supply unit 13 does not supply the TGC voltage to the preamplifier group 12 as shown in “TGC voltage: common input” in FIG. 4B.
- each transducer starts receiving the ultrasonic wave reflected in the subject.
- the TGC voltage supply unit 13 starts supplying the TGC voltage to the preamplifier group 12 at the start of the period T3.
- the TGC gate control unit 183 starts transmitting the TGC gate control signal to the TGC gate circuit 17 corresponding to the region A0, and transmits the TGC gate control signal to the TGC gate circuit 17 corresponding to the other region. do not do.
- the supply of the TGC voltage is started only to the preamplifier corresponding to the region A0 in accordance with the start of the period T30. That is, in the period T30, only signals from the transducers included in the region A0 are amplified by the respective preamplifiers and input to the delay circuit group 14, and signals from the transducers included in other regions are blocked by the respective preamplifiers. As a result, the reception aperture indicated by the area A0 is formed.
- the TGC gate control unit 183 starts transmission of a TGC gate control signal to the TGC gate circuit 17 corresponding to the region A1 in addition to the region A0 in accordance with the start of the period T31.
- the supply of the TGC voltage to the preamplifier corresponding to the region A1 is started at the start of the period T31. That is, in the period T31, only signals from the transducers included in the regions A0 and A1 are amplified by the respective preamplifiers and input to the delay circuit group 14, and signals from the transducers included in the other regions are blocked by the respective preamplifiers. The As a result, the reception openings indicated by the areas A0 and A1 are formed.
- the reception aperture is gradually widened according to the timing (periods T30, T31,..., T36) at which ultrasonic waves from each depth are received.
- the aperture growth has been described.
- other aperture control can be performed in units of vibrators as well.
- the preamplifier corresponding to the transducer not included in the opening The operation may be performed so that the supply of the TGC voltage is cut off by the TGC gate circuit 17.
- a specific operation will be described by paying attention to the vibrators arranged in the X-axis direction included in the range indicated by Y1.
- the TGC gate circuit 17 is controlled so that the TGC voltage is supplied to the preamplifier corresponding to the vibrator included in the region of the width W1b.
- the TGC gate circuit 17 is set so that the TGC voltage is supplied to the preamplifier corresponding to the vibrator included in the width region in the order of W2b, W3b,... W17b, W18b in accordance with the movement of the opening. Control.
- the receiving aperture can be moved in units of transducers from position P1 to position P2.
- this aperture control is control for each subarray 111. Therefore, for example, in the case of aperture growth, the reception aperture is controlled in units of subarrays 111 in the order of W0a, W1a, and W2a in FIG. 3B.
- the TGC gate control unit 183 switches connection / disconnection for each signal line 11a by switching presence / absence of supply of TGC voltage for each preamplifier. Thereby, as shown by W0 to W6 in FIG. 3B, the aperture control for each vibrator can be performed.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the receiving unit of the ultrasonic probe according to the present embodiment.
- the TGC gate circuit 17 individually controls the presence or absence of the supply of the TGC voltage to each preamplifier, thereby connecting and blocking the signal line 11a corresponding to the purine amplifier. Switch.
- a blocking unit 151 that switches between the passage and blocking of the signal flowing on the signal line 11a from each transducer is provided. In the following, description will be given focusing on portions different from the first embodiment.
- the blocking unit 151 is a switch configured to be able to switch between passing and blocking a signal flowing on the signal line 11a for each signal line 11a.
- the switching of the blocking unit 151 is controlled by the output switching control unit 182A.
- the blocking unit 151 is interposed between the delay circuit group 14 and the matrix switch 15, but is provided on the signal line 11 a between the ultrasonic transducer group 11 and the addition circuit 16. If it is, the position is not limited.
- the output switching control unit 182A controls the matrix switch 15 in the same manner as the output switching control unit 182 according to the first embodiment.
- the output switching control unit 182A individually controls switching of the blocking unit 151 for each signal line 11a.
- the output switching control unit 182A controls the blocking unit 151 so that the reception signal from the transducer included in the opening is allowed to pass and the reception signal from the transducer not included in the opening is blocked. Thereby, opening control for every vibrator
- the output switching control unit 182A controls the blocking unit 151 in accordance with the transmission timing of the TGC gate control signal shown in FIG. 4A, and the received signal flows on the corresponding signal line 11a. Can be passed. That is, the output switching control unit 182A passes the reception signal from the transducer included in the region A0 at the start of the period T30, and blocks the reception signal from the transducer included in the other region. What is necessary is just to control the interruption
- the reception aperture is gradually widened according to the timing (periods T30, T31,..., T36) at which ultrasonic waves from each depth are received. It should be noted that the same operation as switching by the blocking unit 151 may be realized by the matrix switch 15.
- the blocking unit 151 controls the passage and blocking of the received signal.
- the aperture for each vibrator it is possible to control the aperture for each vibrator.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the receiving unit of the ultrasonic probe according to the present embodiment.
- each delay circuit constituting the delay circuit group 14 passes and blocks a signal flowing on the signal line 11 a from each transducer. Is switched. In the following, description will be given focusing on portions different from the first embodiment.
- the receiving circuit group 14A according to the present embodiment is characterized by using a multiplier circuit as a delay circuit.
- a specific example of the multiplication circuit is a mixer.
- the delay circuit according to the present embodiment receives a reference signal as delay data from the reception delay control unit 181A.
- the delay circuit shifts the phase of the reception signal that is multiplied (mixed) by the reference signal with respect to the reception signal received from the preamplifier group 12. That is, the received signal is subjected to delay processing by changing the reference signal according to the delay amount.
- the reception delay control unit 181A calculates a necessary delay amount for each transducer constituting the ultrasonic transducer group 11 based on the distance between the transducer and the focus point in the subject. This operation is the same as that of the reception delay control unit 181 according to the first embodiment.
- the reception delay control unit 181A generates a reference signal for multiplying the reception signal from the transducer based on the calculated delay amount.
- the reception delay control unit 181A outputs the generated reference signal as delay data to a delay circuit connected to the transducer corresponding to the delay amount, and controls the operation of the delay circuit.
- the case where the reference signal for performing the delay process on the received signal is output to the delay circuit corresponds to “a case where the reference signal includes a delay instruction”.
- the reception delay control unit 181A stops the transmission of the reference signal to the delay circuit corresponding to the vibrator that is not included in the opening.
- the reference signal is not supplied to the delay circuit, and the reception signal input to the delay circuit is not output to the matrix switch 15 located at the subsequent stage. That is, by stopping the transmission of the reference signal, the received signal is blocked by the delay circuit.
- the delay circuit may be configured to release the received signal to the ground.
- the case where the reference signal is not output to the delay circuit in this way corresponds to “a case where the reference signal includes a cutoff instruction”. As a result, it is possible to individually control the passage and blocking of the reception signal output from each transducer. That is, opening control for each vibrator is possible.
- the reception delay control unit 181A controls the delay circuit in accordance with the transmission timing of the TGC gate control signal shown in FIG. 4A, and the received signal flowing on the corresponding signal line 11a is changed. Just let it pass. In other words, the reception delay control unit 181A transmits the reference signal to the delay circuit corresponding to the transducer included in the region A0 at the start of the period T30. As a result, the delay circuit passes the received signal from the vibrator. At this time, the reception delay control unit 181A does not transmit the reference signal to the delay circuit corresponding to the transducer not included in the area A0. Thereby, the delay circuit cuts off the reception signal from the vibrator.
- the reception delay control unit 181A adjusts the vibration included in the region (region A1, A2,..., A6) corresponding to the period (period T31, T32,.
- the reference signal may be sequentially transmitted to the delay circuit corresponding to the child.
- the reception aperture is gradually widened by sequentially passing the signal in the corresponding region according to the timing (period T30, T31,..., T36) at which the ultrasonic waves from each depth are received. It becomes possible.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus instead of controlling the TGC voltage supply using the TGC gate circuit 17 according to the first embodiment, the transmission of delay data to each delay circuit is controlled.
- the aperture control for each transducer can be performed.
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Abstract
Description
また、この実施形態の第2の態様は、複数の超音波振動子と、複数の遅延回路と、加算回路と、を備え前記超音波の受信開口を制御可能に構成された超音波プローブを備えた超音波診断装置である。超音波振動子は、所定の周期の超音波を送信し、被検体内からの超音波エコーを受信する。遅延回路は、前記超音波振動子それぞれから受信信号を受けて、当該受信信号それぞれに遅延処理を施す。加算回路は、前記遅延処理が施された前記受信信号を所定のグループごとに加算して出力する。超音波診断装置は、前記超音波プローブから出力された前記受信信号を受けて、該前記受信信号を整相加算し超音波画像を生成する。また超音波プローブは、ゲート手段を備える。ゲート手段は、前記超音波振動子から前記加算回路までの間に配置された信号路ごとに、前記信号路の接続及び遮断を切替え可能に構成されている。またゲート手段は、前記超音波の前記周期内において、前記超音波の送信後に、あらかじめ設定された初期受信開口に対応する超音波振動子からの信号路のみを接続させ、受信期間の時間経過に応じて前記初期受信開口に近い超音波振動子から順に対応する信号路を接続させる。
また、この実施形態の第3の態様は、複数の超音波振動子と、複数の遅延回路と、加算回路と、ゲート手段と、を備えた超音波プローブある。超音波振動子は、超音波を送信し、被検体内からの超音波エコーを受信する。遅延回路は、前記超音波振動子それぞれから受信信号を受けて、当該受信信号それぞれに遅延処理を施す。加算回路は、前記遅延処理が施された前記受信信号を所定のグループごとに加算して出力する。ゲート回路は、前記超音波振動子から前記加算回路までの間に配置された信号路ごとに、当該信号路の接続及び遮断を切替え可能に構成されている。
第1の実施形態に係る超音波診断装置は、複数の超音波振動子で受信した信号(以降、「受信信号」と呼ぶ場合がある)を超音波プローブ内で部分的に整相加算を行う。このような構成を前提として、本実施形態に係る超音波診断装置は、超音波を受信する開口を超音波振動子ごとに制御する。なお以降で「開口制御」と記載した場合、開口の位置(開口中心の位置)の制御と開口の面積(大きさ)の制御の双方を含むものとする。以降では本実施形態に係る超音波診断装置の構成について、図1及び図2を参照しながら、超音波を受信する構成に特に着目し説明する。まず図1を参照する。本実施形態に係る超音波診断装置の受信部は、超音波プローブ1と、本体受信部2とで構成される。
第2の実施形態に係る超音波診断装置の構成について、図6を参照しながら説明する。図6は本実施形態に係る超音波プローブの受信部のブロック図である。第1の実施形態に係る超音波診断装置では、TGCゲート回路17により各プリアンプへのTGC電圧の供給の有無を個別に制御することで、そのプリンアンプに対応する信号線11aの接続及び遮断を切替える。一方、第2の実施形態に係る超音波診断装置は、TGCゲート回路17を設ける替わりに、各振動子からの信号線11a上を流れる信号の通過及び遮断を切替える遮断部151を設けている。以降では、第1の実施形態と異なる部分に着目し説明する。
第3の実施形態に係る超音波診断装置の構成について、図7を参照しながら説明する。図7は本実施形態に係る超音波プローブの受信部のブロック図である。第3の実施形態に係る超音波診断装置は、TGCゲート回路17を設ける替わりに、遅延回路群14を構成する各遅延回路により、各振動子からの信号線11a上を流れる信号の通過及び遮断を切替える。以降では、第1の実施形態と異なる部分に着目し説明する。
10 送信回路
11 超音波振動子群
12 プリアンプ群
13 TGC電圧供給部
14、14A 遅延回路群
15 マトリックススイッチ
151 遮断部
16 加算回路
17 TGCゲート回路
18 プローブ内制御部
181、181A 受信遅延制御部
182、182A 出力切替制御部
183 TGCゲート制御部
2 本体受信部
20 受信主遅延回路
21 信号処理部
22 画像処理部
23 表示部
Claims (6)
- 所定の周期の超音波を送信し、被検体内からの超音波エコーを受信する複数の超音波振動子と、
前記超音波振動子それぞれから受信信号を受けて、当該受信信号それぞれに遅延処理を施す複数の遅延回路と、
前記遅延処理が施された前記受信信号を所定のグループごとに加算して出力する加算回路と、
を備え、前記超音波の受信開口を制御可能に構成された超音波プローブであって、
前記超音波振動子から前記加算回路までの間に配置された信号路ごとに、前記信号路の接続及び遮断を切替え可能に構成され、前記超音波の前記周期内において、前記超音波の送信後に、あらかじめ設定された初期受信開口に対応する超音波振動子からの信号路のみを接続させ、受信期間の時間経過に応じて前記初期受信開口に近い超音波振動子から順に対応する信号路を接続させるゲート手段を備えたことを特徴とする超音波プローブ。 - 前記ゲート手段は、前記超音波振動子と前記遅延回路との間の信号路に介在し、前記受信信号を増幅するプリアンプを備え、更に、
前記プリアンプのゲインを制御するためのゲイン制御電圧を供給するゲイン制御電圧供給部と、
前記プリアンプへの前記ゲイン制御電圧の供給及び遮断を制御可能に構成されたゲイン制御ゲート回路と、
を備え、
前記ゲイン制御ゲート回路が前記プリアンプへ前記ゲイン制御電圧を供給することにより、前記プリアンプから前記遅延回路への前記信号路をそれぞれ個別に接続させることで、前記受信開口を制御することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の超音波プローブ。 - 前記ゲート手段は、前記遅延回路と前記加算回路との間の信号路に介在するスイッチであって、
前記スイッチは、前記遅延回路と前記加算回路との間の前記信号路の接続及び遮断を、当該信号路ごとに切替えることで、前記受信開口を制御することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の超音波プローブ。 - 前記遅延回路は、遅延指示及び遮断指示のいずれかを含む参照信号を受けて前記受信信号に乗算することで、前記参照信号が遅延指示を含む場合は、前記受信信号に遅延処理を施し、前記遅延処理が施された当該受信信号を出力し、前記参照信号が遮断指示を含む場合は、前記受信信号の出力を遮断する乗算回路であって、
前記遅延回路への参照信号を切替えることで、前記遅延回路を前記ゲート手段として動作させ、前記受信開口を制御することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の超音波プローブ。 - 所定の周期の超音波を送信し、被検体内からの超音波エコーを受信する複数の超音波振動子と、
前記超音波振動子それぞれから受信信号を受けて、当該受信信号それぞれに遅延処理を施す複数の遅延回路と、
前記遅延処理が施された前記受信信号を所定のグループごとに加算して出力する加算回路と、を備え、前記超音波の受信開口を制御可能に構成された超音波プローブを備え、
前記超音波プローブから出力された前記受信信号を受けて、該前記受信信号を整相加算し超音波画像を生成する超音波診断装置であって、
前記超音波プローブは、前記超音波振動子から前記加算回路までの間に配置された信号路ごとに、前記信号路の接続及び遮断を切替え可能に構成され、前記超音波の前記周期内において、前記超音波の送信後に、あらかじめ設定された初期受信開口に対応する超音波振動子からの信号路のみを接続させ、受信期間の時間経過に応じて前記初期受信開口に近い超音波振動子から順に対応する信号路を接続させるゲート手段を備えたことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 超音波を送信し、被検体内からの超音波エコーを受信する複数の超音波振動子と、
前記超音波振動子それぞれから受信信号を受けて、当該受信信号それぞれに遅延処理を施す複数の遅延回路と、
前記遅延処理が施された前記受信信号を所定のグループごとに加算して出力する加算回路と、
前記超音波振動子から前記加算回路までの間に配置された信号路ごとに、当該信号路の接続及び遮断を切替え可能に構成されたゲート手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする超音波プローブ。
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