WO2012086079A1 - 酸素センサ及び酸素センサの制御装置 - Google Patents
酸素センサ及び酸素センサの制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012086079A1 WO2012086079A1 PCT/JP2010/073427 JP2010073427W WO2012086079A1 WO 2012086079 A1 WO2012086079 A1 WO 2012086079A1 JP 2010073427 W JP2010073427 W JP 2010073427W WO 2012086079 A1 WO2012086079 A1 WO 2012086079A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen sensor
- voltage
- electrode
- exhaust
- rich
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/12—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
- F02D41/123—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration the fuel injection being cut-off
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
- F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
- F02D41/1476—Biasing of the sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an oxygen sensor and an oxygen sensor control device. More specifically, the present invention relates to an oxygen sensor and an oxygen sensor control device that activates the oxygen sensor.
- an oxygen sensor has been placed downstream of a catalyst mounted on the exhaust path of a vehicle to detect changes in the exhaust gas air-fuel ratio downstream of the catalyst and used for air-fuel ratio feedback control and evaluation of the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst It has been known.
- the oxygen sensor disposed downstream of the catalyst uses the low-concentration exhaust gas purified by the catalyst as a detection target. Therefore, it is desired that a change in the air-fuel ratio of a low concentration gas can be detected with high sensitivity.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for improving the sensitivity of a limiting current sensor to a gas in a low concentration range.
- a voltage whose polarity is opposite to that applied during normal measurement is applied to the sensor electrode to detect the current value.
- the gas concentration in the low concentration region can be detected with high sensitivity.
- JP-A-62-231156 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-265522
- electromotive force type oxygen sensor is used as a sensor disposed downstream of the catalyst of the vehicle.
- An electromotive force type oxygen sensor outputs an electromotive force generated by a difference in oxygen concentration between a pair of electrodes, and its output changes greatly depending on whether the exhaust gas is rich or lean with respect to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. Sensor.
- the method for improving the sensitivity of the sensor described in Patent Document 1 is applied to a limiting current type sensor. That is, the sensor of Patent Document 1 applies a voltage in either the forward direction or the reverse direction when detecting the gas concentration, and outputs the current value of the sensor when the voltage is applied. Therefore, the method for improving the sensitivity of the sensor in Patent Document 1 is not applicable to an electromotive force type oxygen sensor.
- a lean components in the exhaust gas NO x is reactive with the electrodes of the sensor is low, a low output response sensitivity properties.
- H 2 and CH 4 have a faster diffusion rate than the lean components (O 2 and NO x ), and CO has a high adsorptivity on the sensor electrode. .
- the oxygen sensor tends to give a rich output, and the lean sensitivity tends to be low.
- the output of the oxygen sensor may be biased due to a sensitivity difference.
- bias of the oxygen sensor is not preferable from the viewpoint of improving the air-fuel ratio control.
- the sensor sensitivity improvement method of Patent Document 1 is intended to improve sensitivity to low-concentration gas, but does not improve the difference in sensitivity to rich gas and lean gas.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide an improved oxygen sensor control device that can suppress the bias of the sensitivity of the electromotive force type oxygen sensor to the rich gas and the lean gas and can improve the sensitivity of the oxygen sensor. It is to provide.
- the oxygen sensor of the present invention is an electromotive force type oxygen sensor disposed in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine.
- This oxygen sensor includes a solid electrolyte, an atmospheric electrode disposed on one surface side of the solid electrolyte, and an exhaust electrode disposed on a surface opposite to the one surface.
- the atmospheric electrode is in contact with the atmosphere when the oxygen sensor is installed in the exhaust path
- the exhaust electrode is an electrode in contact with the exhaust gas when the oxygen sensor is installed in the exhaust path.
- the oxygen sensor of the present invention is subjected to an activation process in which a voltage in one direction is applied between the atmosphere electrode and the exhaust electrode.
- the voltage in one direction in the activation process is the direction in which the atmospheric electrode is positive and the exhaust electrode is negative, or the atmospheric electrode is negative and the exhaust electrode is positive. Moreover, it is preferable that the voltage in one direction is a voltage within a range where the solid electrolyte does not cause blackening.
- the oxygen sensor control device is a control device for controlling the oxygen sensor.
- the rich operation continuation time detection means includes a predetermined operation period of the internal combustion engine
- the rich operation continuation time which is the time during which the air-fuel ratio is rich with respect to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, is detected.
- the voltage application time setting means sets the voltage application time according to the detected rich operation continuation time. Thereafter, the voltage application control means applies a one-way voltage between the atmosphere electrode and the exhaust electrode, with the atmosphere electrode being positive and the exhaust electrode being negative, according to the voltage application time.
- the lean operation duration detection means includes a predetermined number of internal combustion engines.
- the lean operation continuation time which is the time during which the air-fuel ratio is lean with respect to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, is detected.
- the voltage application time setting means sets the voltage application time according to the detected lean operation continuation time.
- the voltage application control means applies a one-way voltage between the atmospheric electrode and the exhaust electrode, with the atmospheric electrode being negative and the exhaust electrode being positive, according to the voltage application time.
- the rich operation state detection means is configured so that the operation state of the internal combustion engine is A rich operation state is detected in which the vehicle is in a predetermined high speed / high load operation region and the air-fuel ratio is in a rich increase region. Thereafter, when a rich operation state is detected, the voltage applying means applies a unidirectional voltage between the atmospheric electrode and the exhaust electrode, with the atmospheric electrode being positive and the exhaust electrode being negative.
- the fuel cut operation detection means is an internal combustion engine in which the oxygen sensor is disposed. It is detected that the operation state is a fuel cut operation state.
- the voltage application means applies a one-way voltage between the atmosphere electrode and the exhaust electrode, with the atmosphere electrode being negative and the exhaust electrode being positive.
- the unidirectional voltage in the activation process is preferably in a range in which the solid electrolyte does not cause blackening.
- the oxygen sensor control device may further include, for example, element resistance detection means for detecting or estimating the element resistance of the oxygen sensor.
- the voltage application means can control the magnitude of the voltage in one direction or the application time of the voltage in one direction according to the element resistance.
- the difference between the sensitivity of the oxygen sensor to the lean gas and the sensitivity to the rich gas can be suppressed in the initial state. Can be. Thereby, the output dispersion
- the result of the activation process is that the atmosphere electrode Oxygen ions can be moved from the side to the exhaust electrode side. Thereby, oxygen ions can be biased toward the exhaust electrode, and the sensitivity of the oxygen sensor to the rich gas is suppressed.
- the unidirectional voltage to a voltage that does not cause blackening of the solid electrolyte, it is possible to obtain an oxygen sensor that suppresses variations in sensitivity without degrading the performance of the solid electrolyte due to voltage application.
- control device for an electromotive force type oxygen sensor to which a voltage in the direction in which the atmospheric electrode is positive is applied in advance, for example, the voltage application time corresponding to the rich operation continuation time, the atmospheric electrode is positive, and the exhaust electrode is negative. Control for applying a unidirectional voltage is performed. Thereby, even when the rich atmosphere in which the effect of improving the lean sensitivity is easy to be eased is maintained, the effect of the processing for improving the lean sensitivity of the oxygen sensor can be kept high. Therefore, the effect of suppressing variation in oxygen sensors can be maintained for a long time.
- the voltage application time is set according to the lean operation continuation time of the internal combustion engine, and the atmospheric electrode is negative. Then, a control is performed in which a one-way voltage with the exhaust electrode being positive is applied.
- control device for the electromotive force type oxygen sensor to which the voltage in the direction in which the atmospheric electrode is positive is applied in advance, for example, when the operating state of the internal combustion engine is a predetermined rich operating state, the atmospheric electrode is positive and the exhaust gas is exhausted. Control is performed in which a voltage in one direction with the pole negative is applied. As a result, it is possible to improve the lean sensitivity even in an operating environment in which the effect of improving the lean sensitivity is easy to relax. Therefore, the effect of suppressing variation in oxygen sensors can be maintained for a long time.
- control device for an electromotive force type oxygen sensor to which a voltage in a direction in which the atmospheric electrode is negative is applied in advance, for example, when the operation state of the internal combustion engine is a fuel cut operation state, the atmospheric electrode is negative and the exhaust gas is exhausted. Control is performed in which a voltage in one direction with the pole being positive is applied. As a result, it is possible to suppress the rich sensitivity even in a lean operating environment in which the effect of suppressing the rich sensitivity is easy to relax. Therefore, the effect of suppressing variation in oxygen sensors can be maintained for a long time.
- Embodiment 1 of this invention It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the oxygen sensor in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the alternating voltage applied in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the voltage of the one direction applied in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the routine of control which a control apparatus performs in Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an oxygen sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the oxygen sensor 2 in FIG. 1 is installed, for example, downstream of the catalyst in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine, and is used to detect a change in the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas.
- the oxygen sensor 2 in FIG. 1 includes a solid electrolyte membrane 4 made of zirconia or the like, and an air electrode 6 and an exhaust electrode 8 that are a pair of electrodes made of platinum or the like and are arranged with the solid electrolyte membrane 4 interposed therebetween. .
- the oxygen sensor 2 is provided with an atmospheric chamber (not shown) into which external atmospheric air flows, and the atmospheric electrode 6 is in contact with the atmospheric air in the atmospheric chamber on the side opposite to the surface in contact with the solid electrolyte membrane 4. It has become.
- the oxygen sensor 2 is installed in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine while being housed in a case (not shown) having a plurality of ventilation holes.
- the exhaust electrode 8 of the oxygen sensor 2 is configured to be in contact with the exhaust gas flowing into the case from a plurality of vent holes.
- the oxygen sensor 2 is disposed, for example, downstream of the catalyst installed in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine.
- an electromotive force is generated according to the difference in oxygen concentration of the gas in contact with both electrodes 6 and 8, and this electromotive force changes abruptly depending on whether it is rich or lean with respect to the theoretical air-fuel ratio. Therefore, by detecting the electromotive force generated in the oxygen sensor 2, it is possible to detect whether the exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst is rich or lean with respect to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
- NO x is less reactive (peeling adsorptive) is lean component to the electrodes of the catalyst used in the oxygen sensor 2. For this reason, the output sensitivity responsiveness of the oxygen sensor 2 to lean gas is low.
- H 2 , CH 4 , and CO H 2 and CH 4 have a higher diffusion rate than the lean gas components (NO x , O 2 ), and CO has a high electrode adsorptivity. For this reason, the oxygen sensor 2 has high sensitivity to rich gas. That is, the oxygen sensor 2 has a bias that it is easy to produce a rich output and the lean output sensitivity is low.
- the oxygen sensor 2 Since the oxygen sensor 2 is installed in the purified exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst, the exhaust gas to be detected by the oxygen sensor 2 has a very low concentration. In such a low concentration environment, when the exhaust gas changes to rich or lean, the difference in output sensitivity tends to appear greatly, and the output of the oxygen sensor 2 tends to vary greatly due to the sensitivity difference. In order to suppress such variations in sensitivity, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the following processing is performed on the oxygen sensor 2 in the initial stage of the oxygen sensor 2 (when the oxygen sensor 2 is not used, such as at the time of shipment).
- FIGS 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining voltages applied between the electrodes 6 and 8 in the following processes.
- an alternating voltage is first applied between the electrodes 6 and 8 as shown in FIG. As a result, the adsorbed matter and contaminants on the electrode are removed.
- the alternating voltage voltages having the same magnitude and different polarities are applied once during the same time, or repeatedly applied a plurality of times as shown by the broken line in FIG. However, the magnitude of the voltage and the application time are the same on the plus side and the minus side.
- the magnitude of the voltage in applying the alternating voltage is set so that blackening does not occur.
- the magnitude of the voltage, the energization time, and the energization frequency in applying the alternating voltage are set to optimum values for stabilizing the oxygen sensor 2 while suppressing the occurrence of blackening.
- the element temperature is set to 500 ° C to 900 ° C when alternating voltage is applied. This is the temperature range in which the oxygen sensor 2 is actually used after being installed in the internal combustion engine, and is the temperature within the usage criteria of the oxygen sensor 2.
- the alternating voltage is applied at the initial stage of the oxygen sensor 2, and one of the following processing for improving the lean sensitivity and processing for suppressing the rich sensitivity is activated. Processing is performed.
- A Process for improving lean sensitivity
- the oxygen sensor 2 has low output sensitivity responsiveness to lean gas components. Therefore, in the environment where the oxygen sensor 2 is used, when it is required to detect a lean component with high sensitivity, the oxygen sensor 2 is preliminarily configured at the initial stage of the oxygen sensor 2 as shown in FIG. A voltage is applied between the electrodes 6 and 8 with the atmospheric electrode 6 being positive and the exhaust electrode 8 being negative.
- the oxygen sensor 2 has high sensitivity to rich gas and quick response. Accordingly, in consideration of the environment in which the oxygen sensor 2 is used, when it is desired to suppress the sensitivity deviation of the oxygen sensor 2 by suppressing the sensitivity to the rich component, the electrodes 6 and 8 of the oxygen sensor 2 are used. In the meantime, a voltage in which the atmospheric electrode 6 is negative and the exhaust electrode 8 is positive is applied.
- oxygen ions move from the atmosphere electrode 6 side to the exhaust electrode 8 side.
- oxygen ions are biased toward the exhaust electrode 8 side.
- the sensitivity with respect to rich gas is suppressed to some extent, and the sensitivity deviation of the oxygen sensor 2 is eliminated.
- the magnitude of the applied voltage is set so that blackening does not occur.
- the voltage of (b) or (b) is smaller than the above alternating voltage.
- the absolute value of the voltage of (a) or (b) x the voltage application time is larger than the absolute value of the positive or negative voltage of the alternating voltage x the voltage application time of the positive or negative side. Is set.
- the element temperature when a voltage is applied is set to 500 ° C. to 900 ° C.
- the alternating voltage application is intended to stabilize the electrode by changing the structure of the electrode. Nevertheless, when a voltage larger than the alternating voltage is applied in the one-way voltage application for the sensitivity variation suppression process performed later, further electrode structure changes occur, and the electrode is stabilized by applying the alternating voltage. It is conceivable that the above effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, the unidirectional energization in the sensitivity variation suppressing process is a voltage smaller than the alternating voltage.
- the sensitivity variation suppressing process aims to make the movement of electric charges in the solid electrolyte membrane 4 as much as possible in a certain direction (familiarity of the interface between the electrode 6 or 8 and the solid electrolyte membrane 4). For this reason, in the one-way energization for the sensitivity variation suppressing process, it is necessary to secure a certain amount of time, so that the voltage is applied for a relatively long time at a low voltage.
- the process for improving the lean sensitivity or the process for suppressing the rich sensitivity is performed depending on the environment in which the oxygen sensor 2 is used. Applied. Thereby, the bias of the sensitivity of the oxygen sensor 2 can be suppressed, and variations in the output of the oxygen sensor 2 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to detect the change in the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas with higher accuracy and stability.
- the catalyst has a low OSC (oxygen storage capacity), such as a catalyst using a low precious metal catalyst, it is necessary to detect the air-fuel ratio with higher sensitivity and higher accuracy in order to improve the air-fuel ratio controllability. is there.
- OSC oxygen storage capacity
- a process for suppressing variation in sensitivity of the oxygen sensor by the control of the oxygen sensor 2 as described above is effective.
- the oxygen sensor is not limited to this, and may be one in which only one-way energization is performed without applying an alternating voltage.
- the configuration of the oxygen sensor 2 shown in FIG. 1 shows an example of the oxygen sensor 2.
- the present invention is not limited to the oxygen sensor 2 shown in FIG. 1 but can be applied to other electromotive force type oxygen sensors.
- Embodiment 2 It is considered that the ease of movement of oxygen ions in the oxygen sensor 2 and the bias of charge vary depending on the usage environment of the oxygen sensor 2. Therefore, it can be considered that the effect of suppressing the sensitivity variation due to the one-way voltage application in the first embodiment differs depending on the use environment. For this reason, in the second embodiment, when the internal combustion engine is stopped, processing for suppressing sensitivity variation is executed according to the operating state from the previous stop to the current stop, and the active effect of the oxygen sensor 2 is maintained.
- the effect of the process for improving the lean sensitivity tends to be mitigated when the exhaust gas air-fuel ratio becomes a rich atmosphere. is there. Accordingly, when using the oxygen sensor 2 that has been subjected to the processing for improving the lean sensitivity of (a), the following control is executed under the usage environment of the oxygen sensor 2.
- a one-way voltage application for improving the lean sensitivity is performed in the same manner as (b) above. That is, a voltage is applied with a predetermined magnitude, with the atmospheric electrode 6 being positive and the exhaust electrode 8 being negative. However, the magnitude of the voltage at this time is set to a voltage smaller than the voltage applied in the initial process (A).
- the voltage application time corresponds to the time during which the air-fuel ratio is kept rich under the previous operating conditions (rich operation continuation time). Specifically, the voltage application time is set to be longer as the rich operation duration time is longer.
- the optimum relationship of the voltage application time according to the rich operation duration time is obtained in advance through experiments or the like. This relationship is stored as a map in the control device, and in actual control, the voltage application time is set according to each duration time.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for illustrating a control routine executed by the control device in the second embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, in the routine of FIG. 4, it is first determined whether or not a stop command for the internal combustion engine has been detected (S102). If the stop of the internal combustion engine is not recognized, the current process ends.
- the rich operation continuation time is detected during the operation period of the internal combustion engine from the start of the previous internal combustion engine to the current stop (S104).
- the rich operation continuation time is an integrated value of the time during which the oxygen excess rate ⁇ obtained in the air-fuel ratio control is smaller than 1, and is obtained by the control device.
- the voltage application time corresponding to the rich operation duration time is set (S106).
- the relationship between the voltage application time and the rich operation continuation time is obtained according to a map stored in advance in the control device.
- a predetermined voltage with the atmospheric electrode 6 being positive and the exhaust electrode 8 being negative is applied (S108).
- the voltage application time at this time is the voltage application time set in step S106, and other conditions of voltage application are determined in advance within the range satisfying the above conditions (c) to (f) and stored in the control device. ing.
- This one-way voltage application can improve the sensitivity to lean gas. Thereafter, the current process ends.
- the effect of the initial processing for improving the lean sensitivity can be appropriately maintained. Therefore, the variation of the oxygen sensor 2 caused by the sensitivity difference between the components of the exhaust gas can be suppressed, and air-fuel ratio control with higher accuracy can be realized.
- the effect of the initial process (b), that is, the process for suppressing the rich sensitivity of the oxygen sensor 2 tends to be relaxed. Therefore, when the oxygen sensor 2 that has been subjected to the initial processing (b) is used, the following control is executed in the usage environment of the oxygen sensor 2 as in the case (b).
- the voltage application time corresponds to the time during which the air-fuel ratio is kept lean under the previous operating conditions of the internal combustion engine (lean operation continuation time). Specifically, the voltage application time is set to be longer as the lean operation duration is longer.
- step S106 of the routine of FIG. 4 is set in accordance with the lean operation continuation operation, and the voltage application direction in S108 is set to minus on the atmospheric electrode 6 side in the same manner. Can be executed.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the voltage application time may be determined according to an integrated value of the rich amount (or lean amount) and the rich operation time (or lean operation duration time) during the operation period, for example.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and an alternating voltage may be applied for a predetermined time before the sensitivity variation suppressing process, similarly to the initial process described in the first embodiment. . Thereby, the characteristic of the oxygen sensor 2 can be further stabilized in the long term.
- the timing of voltage application under the usage environment of the oxygen sensor 2 is not limited to this.
- the one-way voltage application can be performed when the internal combustion engine is started.
- the rich operation continuation time or the integrated value of the rich amount and the rich operation continuation time (or the lean operation continuation time or the integrated value of the lean amount and the lean operation continuation time) is stored in the backup RAM at the time of stop.
- the integrated value of the time during which the rich operation (or lean operation) was performed is the rich (or lean) operation duration time.
- the setting of the voltage application time is not limited to this.
- a certain operation period of the internal combustion engine is defined by the travel distance, the usage time of the oxygen sensor 2, etc., and the time during which the rich operation (or lean operation) is performed is integrated for each operation period, and according to this The voltage application time may be set.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a case where a rich operation (or lean operation) is continuously performed for a certain long period of time during a specified operation period is detected, and only in this case, the lean sensitivity is improved (rich sensitivity suppression).
- the application time or the like may be set according to the duration of the rich (or lean) operation.
- Embodiment 3 As described above, the ease of movement of oxygen ions in the oxygen sensor 2 and the charge bias vary depending on the usage environment of the oxygen sensor 2, and the effect of suppressing sensitivity variation by applying a one-way voltage in the first embodiment is as follows. It depends on the usage environment. Therefore, in the third embodiment, in addition to the one-way voltage application when the internal combustion engine is stopped (or at the start) of the second embodiment, in addition, in order to suppress the sensitivity variation according to the operation state during the operation of the internal combustion engine. Execute the process.
- the voltage application in these cases also satisfies the above conditions (c) to (f). This prevents changes in the sensor structure and characteristics from the initial state due to voltage application. Further, it is assumed that the magnitude of the applied voltage is smaller than the voltage applied in the initial process (a).
- the specific voltage and application time applied in these cases are appropriately set in advance through experiments and stored in the control device.
- the atmospheric electrode 6 is positive and the exhaust electrode 8 is negative when a predetermined condition indicating that it is in a high-speed, high-load operation condition and a rich increase operation region is satisfied.
- a voltage having a predetermined magnitude is applied for the application time stored in the control device.
- the lean sensitivity is further improved according to the operating state.
- the process for is executed. Therefore, the effect of the process for suppressing the sensitivity variation of the oxygen sensor 2 can be maintained even in different operating environments.
- the effect of the initial processing (b), that is, the processing for suppressing the rich sensitivity of the oxygen sensor 2 tends to be relaxed. Therefore, when the oxygen sensor 2 that has been subjected to the initial processing (b) is used, when the operation of the internal combustion engine is in the fuel cut operation region, it is possible to suppress the rich sensitivity similar to the processing (b).
- One-way voltage application is executed.
- the atmospheric electrode 6 is negative and the exhaust electrode 8 is positive, and a voltage having a predetermined magnitude is applied for a predetermined application time.
- the voltage application satisfies the conditions (c) to (g).
- the magnitude of the voltage applied in this control is assumed to be smaller than the voltage applied in the initial process (b).
- the voltage application method is not limited to this, and for example, a voltage in one direction may be applied intermittently. That is, for example, after applying a voltage for 0.5 seconds, the voltage application and the application stop may be repeated a predetermined number of times, such as stopping the voltage application for 0.5 seconds.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the alternating voltage described in the first embodiment may be applied prior to the one-way voltage application.
- Embodiment 4 FIG.
- a voltage is applied according to the aging of the oxygen sensor 2 or the like.
- the oxygen sensor 2 has an increased element resistance due to deterioration over time, thermal deterioration, and the like.
- the amount of current flowing between the electrodes 6 and 8 of the oxygen sensor 2 gradually decreases. Therefore, when the control in the second to third embodiments is performed with the same voltage value and voltage application time, it is conceivable that the effect gradually decreases.
- a change in element resistance is detected.
- the element resistance can be estimated from the average heater power amount during sensor element temperature control. As the element resistance increases, the voltage and the application time in the alternating voltage application, and the voltage and the application time applied in the sensitivity variation suppression process are set to increase. In this case, however, the conditions (c) to (f) described in the first embodiment are satisfied.
- Such an optimal relationship between the element resistance, the applied voltage, and the applied time is obtained in advance for each oxygen sensor 2 through experiments or the like.
- This relationship is stored as a map in the control device.
- an element resistance is estimated, and an applied voltage or an application time corresponding to the element resistance is determined according to this map.
- the sensitivity variation suppression process increases the lean sensitivity by increasing the application time and the applied voltage. Or the effect which suppresses rich sensitivity can be acquired.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1における酸素センサについて説明するための模式図である。図1の酸素センサ2は、例えば、内燃機関の排気経路の触媒下流に設置され、排気ガスの空燃比の変化の検出に用いられるものである。
酸素センサの電極界面の安定化を図るため、まず、電極6、8間に、図2に示すように交番電圧が印加される。これにより電極への吸着物やコンタミ等が除去される。ここで交番電圧は、同じ大きさで極性が異なる電圧を、同一時間、一度印加するか、図2の破線に示すように、複数回繰り返し印加する。ただし、プラス側とマイナス側とで、電圧の大きさとその印加時間は、同一となるようにする。
(イ)リーン感度向上のための処理
上記のように酸素センサ2は、リーンガス成分に対する出力感度応答性が低い。従って、酸素センサ2が使用される環境において、高い感度でリーン成分を検出することが要求される場合には、酸素センサ2の初期段階で、予め、図3に示すように、酸素センサ2の電極6、8間に、大気極6をプラス、排気極8をマイナスとする電圧を印加する。
一方、酸素センサ2は、リッチガスに対する感度が高く応答性が早い。従って、酸素センサ2の使用される環境を考慮し、リッチ成分に対する感度を抑制することで、酸素センサ2の感度の偏りを抑制することが望まれる場合には、酸素センサ2の電極6、8間に、大気極6をマイナス、排気極8をプラスとする電圧を印加する。
(ハ)印加する電圧の大きさは、ブラックニングが生じない程度とする。
(ニ)(イ)又は(ロ)の電圧は、上記の交番電圧より小さいものとする。
(ホ)(イ)又は(ロ)の電圧の絶対値×電圧印加時間は、交番電圧のプラス側又はマイナス側の電圧の絶対値×プラス側又はマイナス側の電圧印加時間よりも大きくなるように設定される。
(へ)電圧印加時の素子温は500℃~900℃とする。
酸素センサ2中の酸素イオンの移動しやすさ、電荷の偏りは、酸素センサ2の使用環境により異なると考えられる。従って、実施の形態1における片方向の電圧印加による感度ばらつき抑制の効果は、使用環境により異なるものと考えられる。このため、実施の形態2では、内燃機関の停止時に、前回停止から今回停止までの運転状態に応じて、感度ばらつき抑制のため処理を実行し、酸素センサ2の活性効果維持を図る。
なお、実施の形態2では、上記(イ)の初期処理が施され酸素センサ2を用いる場合の、使用環境における制御について説明したが、上記(ロ)の初期処理が施された酸素センサ2についても、同様にして、初期処理のリッチ感度抑制の効果維持を図ることができる。
上述したように、酸素センサ2中の酸素イオンの移動しやすさ、電荷の偏りは、酸素センサ2の使用環境により異なり、実施の形態1における片方向の電圧印加による感度ばらつき抑制の効果は、使用環境により異なる。従って、実施の形態3では、実施の形態2の内燃機関停止時(又は始動時)の片方向の電圧印加に加え、更に、内燃機関の運転中に、運転状態に応じた感度ばらつき抑制のため処理を実行する。
なお、実施の形態3では、上記(イ)の初期処理が施され酸素センサ2を用いる場合の、使用中の制御について説明したが、上記(ロ)の初期処理が施された酸素センサ2についても、同様にして、初期処理のリッチ感度抑制の効果維持を図ることができる。
実施の形態4では、酸素センサ2の経年劣化等に応じた電圧印加を行なう。酸素センサ2は、経年劣化、熱劣化等により素子抵抗が増加する。その結果、同じように電圧印加を行なっても、酸素センサ2の電極6、8間に流れる電流量は次第に低下する。従って、上記実施の形態2~3の制御を同じ電圧値、電圧印加時間で行なう場合、その効果が次第に低下することが考えられる。
4 固体電解質膜
6 大気極
8 排気極
Claims (10)
- 内燃機関の排気経路に配置される起電力式の酸素センサであって、
固体電解質と、
前記固体電解質の一面側に配置され、かつ、前記排気経路に設置された場合に大気に接する大気極と、
前記固体電解質の前記一面とは反対側の面に配置され、かつ、前記排気経路に設置された場合に排気ガスに接する排気極と、を備え、
前記大気極と前記排気極との間に一方向の電圧を印加する活性化処理が施されたことを特徴とする酸素センサ。 - 前記一方向の電圧は、前記大気極をプラスとし前記排気極をマイナスとする方向であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸素センサ。
- 前記一方向の電圧は、前記大気極をマイナスとし、前記排気極をプラスとする方向であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸素センサ。
- 前記一方向の電圧は、前記固体電解質がブラックニングを起こさない範囲の電圧とされることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項記載の酸素センサ。
- 内燃機関の排気経路に配置された請求項2記載の酸素センサを制御する制御装置であって、
前記内燃機関の所定の運転期間中において、空燃比が、理論空燃比に対してリッチとされていた時間であるリッチ運転継続時間を検出するリッチ運転継続時間検出手段と、
前記リッチ運転継続時間に応じて、電圧印加時間を設定する電圧印加時間設定手段と、
前記電圧印加時間に応じて、前記大気極と前記排気極との間に、前記大気極をプラスとし、前記排気極をマイナスとする一方向の電圧を印加する電圧印加制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする酸素センサの制御装置。 - 内燃機関の排気経路に配置された請求項3記載の酸素センサを制御する制御装置であって、
前記内燃機関の所定の運転期間中において、空燃比が、理論空燃比に対してリーンとされていた時間であるリーン運転継続時間を検出するリーン運転継続時間検出手段と、
前記リーン運転継続時間に応じて、電圧印加時間を設定する電圧印加時間設定手段と、
前記電圧印加時間に応じて、前記大気極と前記排気極との間に、前記大気極をマイナスとし、前記排気極をプラスとする一方向の電圧を印加する電圧印加制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする酸素センサの制御装置。 - 内燃機関の排気経路に配置された請求項2記載の酸素センサを制御する制御装置であって、
前記内燃機関の運転状態が、所定の高速・高負荷運転域であり、かつ、空燃比がリッチ増量域である、リッチ運転状態を検出するリッチ運転状態検出手段と、
前記リッチ運転状態が検出された場合に、前記大気極と前記排気極との間に、前記大気極をプラスとし、前記排気極をマイナスとする一方向の電圧を印加する電圧印加制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする酸素センサの制御装置。 - 内燃機関の排気経路に配置された請求項3記載の酸素センサを制御する制御装置であって、
前記酸素センサが配置された内燃機関の運転状態が、燃料カット運転状態であることを検出する燃料カット運転検出手段と、
前記燃料カット運転状態であることが検出された場合に、前記大気極と前記排気極との間に、前記大気極をマイナスとし、前記排気極をプラスとする一方向の電圧を印加する電圧印加制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする酸素センサの制御装置。 - 前記一方向の電圧は、前記固体電解質がブラックニングを起こさない範囲の電圧とされることを特徴とする請求項5から8のいずれか1項記載の酸素センサの制御装置。
- 前記酸素センサの素子抵抗を検出又は推定する素子抵抗検出手段を、更に備え、
前記電圧印加制御手段は、
前記素子抵抗に応じて、前記一方向の電圧の大きさ又は前記一方向の電圧の印加時間を制御することを特徴とする請求項5から9のいずれか1項記載の酸素センサの制御装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/073427 WO2012086079A1 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | 酸素センサ及び酸素センサの制御装置 |
US13/993,734 US9732657B2 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | Oxygen sensor and oxygen sensor control device |
DE112010006089.4T DE112010006089B4 (de) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | Sauerstoffsensorsteuerungseinrichtung |
JP2012549564A JP5505518B2 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | 酸素センサ及び酸素センサの制御装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/073427 WO2012086079A1 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | 酸素センサ及び酸素センサの制御装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012086079A1 true WO2012086079A1 (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
Family
ID=46313376
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/073427 WO2012086079A1 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | 酸素センサ及び酸素センサの制御装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9732657B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5505518B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112010006089B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012086079A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012185021A (ja) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 酸素センサの活性化処理方法及び酸素センサ |
JP2012225737A (ja) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-11-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | ガスセンサ |
JP2016217227A (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-12-22 | 株式会社デンソー | 酸素センサの制御方法 |
JP2017075794A (ja) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-20 | 株式会社デンソー | センサ制御装置 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10176696B2 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2019-01-08 | Richard Harper | Apparatus and process for measuring gaseous emissions from an engine |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02212759A (ja) * | 1989-02-14 | 1990-08-23 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 酸素吸蔵物質含有保護層を備えた空燃比制御用酸素センサ及びその製法 |
JPH0518938A (ja) * | 1991-07-13 | 1993-01-26 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 電気化学素子の処理方法 |
JPH07110315A (ja) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-04-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 酸素濃度センサ及びそのトラップ層の形成方法 |
JP2000019150A (ja) * | 1998-07-01 | 2000-01-21 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型coセンサ及びそのエージング方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55155859A (en) | 1979-05-25 | 1980-12-04 | Towa Kogyo Kk | Method of waterproofing |
JPS55166039A (en) | 1979-06-12 | 1980-12-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Air fuel ratio detector |
DE3010632A1 (de) * | 1980-03-20 | 1981-10-01 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Polarographischer messfuehler fuer die bestimmung des sauerstoffgehalts in gasen |
JPS62231156A (ja) | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-09 | Fujikura Ltd | ガスセンサ−の低濃度領域に於ける感度向上方法 |
JP3472608B2 (ja) | 1993-01-13 | 2003-12-02 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ジルコニア酸素センサの活性化処理方法 |
US5433830A (en) | 1993-12-29 | 1995-07-18 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Method of activating zirconia oxygen sensor |
US6286306B1 (en) * | 1999-02-08 | 2001-09-11 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification system of internal combustion engine |
US20050252788A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-11-17 | Boris Farber | Method for improving performance and longevity of solid electrolyte gas sensor |
JP4345629B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-29 | 2009-10-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | エンジンの空燃比制御装置 |
EP1745836A1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-01-24 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC | A method and an arrangement for purifying exhaust gas in an internal combustion engine |
-
2010
- 2010-12-24 WO PCT/JP2010/073427 patent/WO2012086079A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-12-24 DE DE112010006089.4T patent/DE112010006089B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-24 US US13/993,734 patent/US9732657B2/en active Active
- 2010-12-24 JP JP2012549564A patent/JP5505518B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02212759A (ja) * | 1989-02-14 | 1990-08-23 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 酸素吸蔵物質含有保護層を備えた空燃比制御用酸素センサ及びその製法 |
JPH0518938A (ja) * | 1991-07-13 | 1993-01-26 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 電気化学素子の処理方法 |
JPH07110315A (ja) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-04-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 酸素濃度センサ及びそのトラップ層の形成方法 |
JP2000019150A (ja) * | 1998-07-01 | 2000-01-21 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 固体電解質型coセンサ及びそのエージング方法 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012185021A (ja) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 酸素センサの活性化処理方法及び酸素センサ |
JP2012225737A (ja) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-11-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | ガスセンサ |
JP2016217227A (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-12-22 | 株式会社デンソー | 酸素センサの制御方法 |
JP2017075794A (ja) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-20 | 株式会社デンソー | センサ制御装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112010006089T5 (de) | 2014-03-13 |
JPWO2012086079A1 (ja) | 2014-05-22 |
US9732657B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
DE112010006089B4 (de) | 2022-01-05 |
JP5505518B2 (ja) | 2014-05-28 |
US20130276431A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5505518B2 (ja) | 酸素センサ及び酸素センサの制御装置 | |
JP4388823B2 (ja) | 広帯域ラムダセンサの動作方法 | |
EP2952717B1 (en) | Control device for an internal combustion engine | |
WO2014112315A1 (ja) | SOx濃度検出装置 | |
US20150322878A1 (en) | Control system of internal combustion engine | |
KR101442391B1 (ko) | 내연 기관의 배출 제어 시스템 | |
KR101399192B1 (ko) | 내연 기관의 배출 제어 시스템 | |
JP5817581B2 (ja) | 内燃機関の排出ガス浄化装置 | |
WO2013114814A1 (ja) | 内燃機関の排出ガス浄化装置 | |
WO2014118891A1 (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
WO2015170449A1 (ja) | 内燃機関の排出ガス浄化装置 | |
WO2014118894A1 (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
CN109386354B (zh) | 内燃机的排气净化装置 | |
WO2013175592A1 (ja) | 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置 | |
US10247694B2 (en) | Gas sensor control device | |
US20150168343A1 (en) | Control system for exhaust gas sensor comprising self-healing ceramic material | |
JP5900518B2 (ja) | NOxセンサの制御装置 | |
US20160230686A1 (en) | Gas sensor control device | |
JP5413387B2 (ja) | 酸素センサの活性化処理方法及び酸素センサ | |
JP5609992B2 (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
JP6455389B2 (ja) | センサ制御装置 | |
JP6004059B2 (ja) | NOxセンサの制御装置 | |
JP2010203787A (ja) | 酸素センサの故障診断装置 | |
JP6536341B2 (ja) | 硫黄酸化物検出装置 | |
JPH0491347A (ja) | 酸素濃度センサ及び酸素濃度センサを有する内燃機関の空燃比制御装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 10861146 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2012549564 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13993734 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1120100060894 Country of ref document: DE Ref document number: 112010006089 Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 10861146 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |