WO2012070346A1 - 電動車両用パワーコントロールユニット - Google Patents
電動車両用パワーコントロールユニット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012070346A1 WO2012070346A1 PCT/JP2011/074431 JP2011074431W WO2012070346A1 WO 2012070346 A1 WO2012070346 A1 WO 2012070346A1 JP 2011074431 W JP2011074431 W JP 2011074431W WO 2012070346 A1 WO2012070346 A1 WO 2012070346A1
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- power
- vehicle
- power converter
- cooling
- converter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/12—Buck converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/525—Temperature of converter or components thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power control unit for an electric vehicle, which charges a power storage device mounted on the vehicle from a power supply outside the vehicle and supplies electric power from the power storage device to a motor to obtain propulsion power of the vehicle.
- JP2009-267131A In an electrically powered vehicle, a configuration for cooling a power converter is used ⁇ e.g., JP2009-267131A (hereinafter referred to as "JP2009-267131A") ⁇ .
- JP 2009-267131 A in order to cool the power control unit (PCU) (31) and the like, a cooling unit including cooling fins (62), a recess (63) and a cooling water passage (64) is provided (FIG. 5) , Paragraph [0051]).
- the inverter IPM (Intelligent Power Module) (39, 40) constituting the PCU is provided on one side (upper side in FIG. 5) of the cooling unit.
- a DC / DC converter (60) and an inverter (61) for an air conditioner are provided on the other surface (lower side in FIG. 5) of the cooling unit (FIG. 5, paragraph [0050]).
- air conditioner does not specify whether the air compressor or the air conditioner is indicated.
- the inverter IPM is disposed on one side of the cooling unit, and the DC / DC converter and inverter for the air conditioner are disposed on the other side.
- the DC / DC converter and inverter for the air conditioner are disposed on the other side.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a power control unit for an electric vehicle capable of improving the cooling efficiency for a plurality of power converters.
- the power control unit for an electric vehicle charges the power storage device mounted on the vehicle from a power supply external to the vehicle, supplies power from the power storage device to the electric motor, and obtains the propulsion power of the vehicle.
- a housing a cooling unit disposed inside the housing and having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface across the refrigerant passage;
- a first power converter used when traveling and cooled by the first surface of the cooling unit, and used when charging the power storage device from a power supply external to the vehicle, the second surface of the cooling unit Used in both the traveling of the electric vehicle and the charging of the storage device from a power supply external to the vehicle, and cooled by the second surface of the cooling unit
- Third power converter first power converter, second power
- a power conductor connecting the first power converter and the third power converter, wherein the power conductor includes a case penetrating portion connecting the inside and the outside of the case; a first surface side of the cooling portion;
- a cooling bridge connecting the second surface side, a first branch connecting the casing penet
- the first power converter and the third power converter, which are used during traveling are prevented from overlapping each other across the refrigerant passage. Further, the first power converter used at the time of traveling and the second power converter used at the time of charging are overlapped with the refrigerant passage interposed therebetween. Furthermore, the second power converter and the third power converter used at the time of charging are prevented from overlapping each other across the refrigerant passage.
- cooling the 1st-3rd power converters using common cooling parts by these while cooling the power converter which timing to use overlaps with a different cooling position, it cools the power converter from which timing to use differs. It cools by the cooling position of the front and back on both sides of the part. Therefore, the cooling efficiency is improved, and the power control unit can be miniaturized.
- the first power converter is, for example, an inverter for driving a traveling motor
- the second power converter is, for example, a charger mounted on the vehicle
- the third power converter is, for example, DC /
- the passing current of the charger and the DC / DC converter may be smaller than the passing current of the inverter.
- the power control unit may further include a diode in a quick charge line, and the diode may be cooled at a first surface of the cooling unit.
- the power control unit for an electric vehicle charges the power storage device mounted on the vehicle from a power supply external to the vehicle, supplies power from the power storage device to the electric motor, and obtains the propulsion power of the vehicle.
- the second power converter is disposed at a position where the first power converter and the second power converter overlap in a direction from the first surface to the second surface of the cooling unit. It is characterized by being set.
- the first power converter used at the time of traveling and the second power converter used at the time of charging are overlapped with the refrigerant passage interposed therebetween.
- the first and second power converters having different timings for use are cooled at the front and back cooling positions with the cooling portion interposed therebetween. Therefore, the cooling efficiency is improved, and the power control unit can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of an electric vehicle 10 (hereinafter also referred to as “vehicle 10”) equipped with a power control unit 12 (hereinafter referred to as “PCU 12”) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Vehicle 10 includes, in addition to PCU 12, traveling motor 14 (hereinafter referred to as “motor 14”), high voltage battery 16 (hereinafter referred to also as “battery 16”), 12 volt system 18 and connection portion 20 for normal charging. , A quick charge connection 22 and an integrated electronic control unit 24 (hereinafter referred to as "integrated ECU 24").
- integrated ECU 24 integrated electronice control unit
- the PCU 12 includes an inverter 30 (first power converter), a motor electronic control unit 32 (hereinafter referred to as “motor ECU 32"), a charger 34 (second power converter), and a step-down DC / DC converter 36 (hereinafter referred to (Referred to as “downverter 36”) (third power converter), the circuit 38 for quick charging, the cooling unit 40, the through terminal block 42 (cooling crossing unit) (FIG. 2 etc.), the upper member 46 and the lower And a housing 44 consisting of a side member 48 (FIG. 3).
- inverter 30 first power converter
- motor ECU 32 motor electronic control unit 32
- charger 34 second power converter
- step-down DC / DC converter 36 third power converter
- FIG. 1 does not show the positional relationship of each component (the arrangement of each component of the PCU 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5).
- Motor 14 is a three-phase AC brushless type, and generates driving force F [N] (or torque [N ⁇ m]) of vehicle 10 based on the power supplied from battery 16 via inverter 30. Further, the motor 14 charges the battery 16 by outputting to the battery 16 the power (regenerative power Preg) [W] generated by performing regeneration. Regenerative power Preg may be output to 12-volt system 18 or an accessory not shown.
- Inverter 30 is configured as a three-phase bridge type, performs DC / AC conversion, converts direct current into three-phase alternating current, and supplies it to motor 14, while DC after AC / DC conversion involved in regeneration operation is performed.
- the battery 16 is supplied.
- the motor 14 and the inverter 30 operate during traveling of the vehicle 10 (including power running and regeneration, and the same applies hereinafter unless otherwise specified).
- the battery 16 is a power storage device (energy storage) including a plurality of battery cells, and can use, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery, a nickel hydrogen secondary battery, a capacitor, or the like. In the present embodiment, a lithium ion secondary battery is used.
- Switches 52 and 54 are disposed on the first power line 56 disposed between the inverter 30 and the battery 16 via the casing penetrating portion 50 (FIG. 2) connecting the inside and the outside of the casing 44 (FIG. 3) ing.
- the motor ECU 32 controls the output (propelling power) of the motor 14 by controlling the inverter 30 based on the command from the integrated ECU 24 and the output from various sensors (not shown).
- the downverter 36 is a DC / DC converter that steps down the high voltage on the first power line 56 for high voltage and outputs it to the 12 volt system 18 based on a command from the integrated ECU 24.
- the 12 volt system 18 has a 12V battery 60 and a 12V load 62 (auxiliary machine). Each component of the 12 volt system 18 can operate either while the vehicle 10 is traveling and while the battery 16 is being externally charged.
- the charger 34 is connected to the normal charging power supply 70 outside the vehicle 10 via the normal charging connection unit 20. Then, the output voltage (about 120 V) from the normal charging power supply 70 is boosted and output to the second power line 66.
- the rapid charging circuit 38 is connected to a rapid charging power supply 72 outside the vehicle 10 via the rapid charging connection 22. Then, the output voltage (about 240 V) from the quick charge power supply 72 is supplied to the first power line 56 for high voltage.
- the quick charge circuit 38 includes switches 74 and 76 and a diode 78.
- cooling unit 40 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cooling unit 40 circulates the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage 82 and the refrigerant (not shown) flowing in the cooling fin 80, the refrigerant passage 82, and the refrigerant passage 82. And a pump 84. Under the command from integrated ECU 24, cooling unit 40 operates both during traveling of vehicle 10 and during external charging of battery 16.
- the integrated ECU 24 manages the entire vehicle 10, and in the present embodiment, the switches 52 and 54 in front of the high voltage battery 16, the motor ECU 32, the charger 34, the downverter 36, and the switch 74 of the quick charge circuit 38, 76 and the pump 84 of the cooling unit 40 are controlled via a communication line (not shown).
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing the positional relationship between the components in the inside of the housing 44 of the PCU 12 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the positional relationship of a plurality of components in the PCU 12.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a more specific arrangement of each component on the upper surface (hereinafter referred to as “upper surface 90”) side of the cooling unit 40.
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view showing a more specific arrangement of each component on the lower surface (hereinafter referred to as “lower surface 92”) side of the cooling unit 40 by turning it upside down.
- the reason why the upper and lower sides are inverted in FIG. 5 is to facilitate the understanding of the positional relationship of each component.
- FIG. 5 shows the arrangement when viewed from the plane side of the housing 44, and when viewed from the plane side, the positions of the upper, lower, left and right of each component in FIG. 4 and FIG. Please keep in mind.
- the cooling unit 40 extends in the horizontal direction (lateral direction in FIG. 2) in the housing 44.
- the inverter 30 and the quick charge circuit 38 (including the diode 78) are disposed on the top surface 90 of the cooling unit 40.
- the charger 34 and the downverter 36 are disposed on the lower surface 92 of the cooling unit 40.
- the inverter 30 and the charger 34 are disposed at the position where they overlap in the vertical direction in FIG. 2, and the downverter 36 and the quick charging circuit 38 are in the position where they overlap in the vertical direction in FIG. Be placed.
- inverter 30 and downverter 36 are arranged at different positions as viewed in the vertical direction in FIG.
- the penetration terminal block 42 connects the upper surface 90 side and the lower surface 92 side. Under the present circumstances, as shown in FIG. 3, the penetration terminal block 42 is arrange
- first branching portion 96 a portion to which the inverter 30, the through terminal block 42, and the housing penetrating portion 50 are connected on the upper surface 90.
- second branch portion 98 a portion connecting the charger 34, the downverter 36 and the through terminal block 42.
- third branch 100 a portion at the upper end of the through terminal block 42 is defined as a third branch 100.
- the inverter 30 and the quick charge circuit 38 disposed on the upper surface 90 are portions that handle relatively high voltages (e.g., several hundred volts). Therefore, a relatively large passing current is generated in the first power line 56 connecting the battery 16, the inverter 30, and the quick charge circuit 38 via the first branch 96 and the third branch 100, so a relatively thick wire Use
- the charger 34 and the downverter 36 disposed on the lower surface 92 are portions that handle relatively low voltages (eg, 10 to 120 volts). Therefore, a relatively small passing current is applied to the second power line 66 connecting the charger 34 and the downverter 36 via the second branch 98 and the third power line 94 connecting the second branch 98 and the third branch 100. Use relatively thin wires.
- the electric power is supplied from the battery 16 to the motor 14 through the inverter 30, and the motor 14 generates the propulsion power of the vehicle 10.
- the regenerative electric power Preg is supplied from the motor 14 to the battery 16 through the inverter 30 and the battery 16 is charged.
- the downverter 36 steps down the power from the battery 16 or the motor 14 and supplies it to the 12V battery 60 or the 12V load 62.
- the inverter 30 when the vehicle 10 drive
- the charger 34 operates, the inverter 30 opposite to the cooling unit 40 stops operating. Thus, the charger 34 is cooled efficiently. Similarly, the downverter 36 operates but the quick charge circuit 38 is off. For this reason, the downverter 36 is cooled efficiently.
- the downverter 36 and the quick charge circuit 38 may be turned on, and the cooling efficiency may be reduced compared to when the vehicle 10 is traveling or when charging from the normal charging power supply 70.
- the heat generation of the downverter 36 is generally small compared to the inverter 30 and the charger 34, the decrease in the cooling efficiency can be suppressed to a small value.
- downverter 36 can also be turned off during rapid charging. Thereby, the cooling efficiency of the quick charge circuit 38 can be enhanced.
- the inverter 30 and the downverter 36 used during traveling are prevented from overlapping with the refrigerant passage 82 of the cooling unit 40 interposed therebetween. Further, the inverter 30 used at the time of traveling and the charger 34 used at the time of charging are overlapped with the refrigerant passage 82 interposed therebetween. Furthermore, the charger 34 and the downverter 36 used at the time of charging are prevented from overlapping with the refrigerant passage 82 interposed therebetween.
- the power converters having different timings for use are cooled at different cooling positions, and the power converters having different timings for use are used. Are cooled at the front and back cooling positions across the refrigerant passage 82 of the cooling unit 40. Therefore, the cooling efficiency is improved, and the PCU 12 can be miniaturized.
- the passing current of the charger 34 and the downverter 36 is smaller than the passing current of the inverter 30.
- the diode 78 is provided on the first power line 56 as a quick charge line, and the diode 78 is cooled on the upper surface 90 of the cooling unit 40.
- the diode 78 can be cooled by the cooling unit 40 common to the inverter 30, the charger 34 and the downverter 36, there is no need to provide a cooling device dedicated to the diode 78.
- the diode 78 is cooled by the upper surface 90 of the cooling unit 40, there is no need to increase the diameter of the through terminal block 42, and a compact PCU 12 can be provided.
- the PCU 12 is mounted on the electric vehicle 10 in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be mounted on another target.
- the PCU 12 can also be used for mobile objects such as ships and aircraft.
- the PCU 12 may be applied to a home power system.
- the battery 16 was made into the drive source of the vehicle 10, it does not restrict to this.
- a configuration in which an engine is mounted in addition to the battery 16 (hybrid vehicle) or a configuration in which a fuel cell is mounted in addition to the battery 16 (fuel cell vehicle) may be used.
- the component that handles high voltage is disposed on the upper surface 90 side of the cooling unit 40, and the component that handles low voltage is disposed on the lower surface 92 side.
- Components that handle high voltage may be disposed on the lower surface 92 side.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the power control unit 12a hereinafter referred to as "PCU 12a” of an electric vehicle 10A (hereinafter also referred to as "vehicle 10A") as a modification of the electric vehicle 10.
- the inverter 30 and the downverter 36 are disposed on the upper surface 90 side, and the charger 34 and the quick charging circuit 38 are disposed on the lower surface 92 side.
- the components common to the vehicles 10 and 10A will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- a portion connecting the inverter 30, the through terminal block 42a, and the housing through portion 50 is referred to as a first branch portion 96a.
- a portion to which the charger 34, the quick charge circuit 38 and the through terminal block 42a are connected is referred to as a second branch portion 98a.
- the portion of the upper end of the through terminal block 42a is defined as a third branch 100a.
- high voltage power lines are provided between the battery 16 and the inverter 30, and between the battery 16 and the quick charge circuit 38. That is, the battery 16, the inverter 30, and the third branch 100a of the through terminal block 42a are connected by the fourth power line 110 for high voltage on the upper surface 90 side.
- the second branch 98 a and the third branch 100 a are connected by the fifth power line 112 for high voltage. Further, the quick charge circuit 38 and the second branch 98 a are connected by a sixth power line 114 for high voltage.
- a low voltage power line is between the charger 34 and the second branch 98a and between the downverter 36 and the third branch 100a. That is, the charger 34 and the second branch 98 a are connected by the low power seventh power line 116 on the lower surface 92 side.
- the downverter 36 and the third branch 100a are connected to each other by the low-voltage eighth power line 118 on the upper surface 90 side.
- the same effect as the PCU 12 according to the above embodiment can be obtained. That is, in the PCU 12 a, the inverter 30 used at the time of traveling and the charger 34 used at the time of charging are overlapped with the refrigerant passage 82 interposed therebetween. As a result, the inverter 30 and the charger 34 which are used at different timings are cooled at the front and back cooling positions with the refrigerant passage 82 of the cooling unit 40 interposed therebetween. Therefore, the cooling efficiency is improved, and the PCU 12a can be miniaturized.
- the inverter 30 and the downverter 36 used during traveling are not overlapped across the refrigerant passage 82, and the charger 34 and the downverter 36 used during charging are not overlapped across the refrigerant passage 82.
- the power converters having different timings for use are cooled at different cooling positions, and the power converters having different timings for use are used.
- the object to be cooled is not limited to this.
- a DC / DC converter (not shown) for stepping up or down the output voltage of the battery 16 or the output voltage of the motor 14 during operation of the vehicle 10 is provided between the inverter 30 and the battery 16
- the DC converter may be a cooling target.
- the pump 84 of the cooling unit 40 can be a cooling target.
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Abstract
Description
[全体構成]
図1は、この発明の一実施形態に係るパワーコントロールユニット12(以下「PCU12」という。)を搭載した電動車両10(以下「車両10」ともいう。)の概略全体構成図である。車両10は、PCU12に加え、走行モータ14(以下「モータ14」という。)と、高圧バッテリ16(以下「バッテリ16」ともいう。)と、12ボルト系18と、通常充電用接続部20と、急速充電用接続部22と、統合電子制御装置24(以下「統合ECU24」という。)とを有する。
モータ14は、3相交流ブラシレス式であり、インバータ30を介してバッテリ16から供給される電力に基づいて車両10の駆動力F[N](又はトルク[N・m])を生成する。また、モータ14は、回生を行うことで生成した電力(回生電力Preg)[W]をバッテリ16に出力することでバッテリ16を充電する。回生電力Pregは、12ボルト系18又は図示しない補機に対して出力してもよい。
ダウンバータ36は、統合ECU24からの指令に基づいて、高電圧用の第1電力線56における高電圧を降圧して12ボルト系18に出力するDC/DCコンバータである。
図1に示すように、チャージャ34は、通常充電用接続部20を介して車両10外部の通常充電用電源70に接続される。そして、通常充電用電源70からの出力電圧(約120V)を昇圧して第2電力線66に出力する。
図2及び図3に示すように、冷却部40は、冷却フィン80と、冷媒通路82と、冷媒通路82の内部を流通する冷媒(図示せず)と、冷媒通路82内で冷媒を循環させるポンプ84とを有する。冷却部40は、統合ECU24からの指令下に、車両10の走行中及びバッテリ16の外部充電中のいずれも作動する。
統合ECU24は、車両10の全体を管理するものであり、本実施形態では、高圧バッテリ16の手前のスイッチ52、54、モータECU32、チャージャ34、ダウンバータ36、急速充電用回路38のスイッチ74、76及び冷却部40のポンプ84を、図示しない通信線を介して制御する。
図2は、PCU12の筐体44内部における各構成要素の上下方向の位置関係を簡略的に示す説明図である。図3は、PCU12における複数の構成要素の位置関係を簡略的に示す斜視図である。図4は、冷却部40の上側の面(以下「上面90」という。)側における各構成要素のより具体的な配置を示す平面図である。図5は、冷却部40の下側の面(以下「下面92」という。)側における各構成要素のより具体的な配置を上下を反転させて示す底面図である。なお、図5において上下を反転しているのは、各構成要素の位置関係の理解を容易化するためである。換言すると、図5では、筐体44の平面側から見た場合の配置を示しており、平面側から見たとき、図4及び図5における各構成要素の上下左右の位置は一致することに留意されたい。
説明の便宜のため、上面90側において、インバータ30、貫通端子台42及び筐体貫通部50を接続する部位を第1分岐部96とする(図2参照)。また、下面92側において、チャージャ34、ダウンバータ36及び貫通端子台42を接続する部位を第2分岐部98とする。さらに、上面90側において、貫通端子台42の上端の部位を第3分岐部100と定義する。
(1)車両10の走行時
車両10が走行する際、バッテリ16手前のスイッチ52、54がオンとなると共に、インバータ30、ダウンバータ36及び冷却部40が作動する。一方、チャージャ34及び急速充電用回路38のスイッチ74、76はオフとなる。
通常充電用電源70からバッテリ16を充電する際、バッテリ16手前のスイッチ52、54、チャージャ34、ダウンバータ36及び冷却部40がオンとなる。一方、インバータ30及び急速充電用回路38のスイッチ74、76はオフとなる。
急速充電用電源72からバッテリ16を充電する際、バッテリ16手前のスイッチ52、54、急速充電用回路38のスイッチ74、76、ダウンバータ36及び冷却部40がオンとなる。一方、インバータ30及びチャージャ34はオフとなる。
以上説明したように、走行時に使用するインバータ30及びダウンバータ36を冷却部40の冷媒通路82を挟んで重ならないようにする。また、走行時に使用するインバータ30と充電時に使用するチャージャ34を冷媒通路82を挟んで重なるようにする。さらに、充電時に使用するチャージャ34及びダウンバータ36を冷媒通路82を挟んで重ならないようにする。これらにより、共通の冷却部40を用いてインバータ30、チャージャ34及びダウンバータ36を冷却する場合、使用するタイミングが重なる電力変換器を異なる冷却位置で冷却すると共に、使用するタイミングが異なる電力変換器を冷却部40の冷媒通路82を挟んで表裏の冷却位置で冷却する。従って、冷却効率が向上し、PCU12を小型化することが可能となる。
なお、この発明は、上記実施形態に限らず、この明細書の記載内容に基づき、種々の構成を採り得ることはもちろんである。例えば、以下の構成を採用することができる。
Claims (4)
- 車両(10)外部の電源(70、72)から前記車両(10)に搭載された蓄電装置(16)を充電し、前記蓄電装置(16)から電動機(14)に電力を供給して前記車両(10)の推進動力を得る電動車両(10)用パワーコントロールユニット(12)であって、
筐体(44)と、
前記筐体(44)内部に配設され、第1の面(90)と、冷媒通路(82)を挟んで前記第1の面(90)とは反対側の第2の面(92)を有する冷却部(40)と、
前記電動車両(10)の走行時に使用され、前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)で冷却される第1電力変換器(30)と、
前記車両(10)外部の電源(70、72)から前記蓄電装置(16)への充電時に使用され、前記冷却部(40)の第2の面(92)で冷却される第2電力変換器(34)と、
前記電動車両(10)の走行時及び前記車両(10)外部の電源(70、72)から前記蓄電装置(16)への充電時の両方で使用され、前記冷却部(40)の前記第2の面(92)で冷却される第3電力変換器(36)と、
前記第1電力変換器(30)、前記第2電力変換器(34)及び前記第3電力変換器(36)を相互に接続する電力導体(56、66、94)と
を備え、
前記電力導体(56、66、94)は、
前記筐体(44)の内外を接続する筐体貫通部(50)と、
前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)側と第2の面(92)側とを接続する冷却跨ぎ部(42)と、
前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)側で前記筐体貫通部(50)、前記冷却跨ぎ部(42)及び前記第1電力変換器(30)を接続する第1分岐部(96)と、
前記冷却部(40)の第2の面(92)側で前記冷却跨ぎ部(42)、前記第2電力変換器(34)及び前記第3電力変換器(36)を接続する第2分岐部(98)と
を有し、
前記第1電力変換器(30)と前記第3電力変換器(36)は、前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)から第2の面(92)の方向に見て異なる位置に配設され、
前記第1電力変換器(30)と前記第2電力変換器(34)は、前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)から第2の面(92)の方向に見て重なる位置に配設される
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)用パワーコントロールユニット(12)。 - 請求項1記載の電動車両(10)用パワーコントロールユニット(12)において、
前記第1電力変換器は、前記電動機(14)としての走行モータ(14)を駆動するインバータ(30)であり、
前記第2電力変換器は、前記車両(10)に搭載された充電器(34)であり、
前記第3電力変換器は、DC/DCコンバータ(36)であり、
前記充電器(34)及び前記DC/DCコンバータ(36)の通過電流が、前記インバータ(30)の通過電流よりも小さい
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)用パワーコントロールユニット(12)。 - 請求項2記載の電動車両(10)用パワーコントロールユニット(12)において、
さらに、急速充電ライン(56)にダイオード(78)を備え、
前記ダイオード(78)は、前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)で冷却される
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)用パワーコントロールユニット(12)。 - 車両(10、10A)外部の電源(70、72)から前記車両(10、10A)に搭載された蓄電装置(16)を充電し、前記蓄電装置(16)から電動機(14)に電力を供給して前記車両(10、10A)の推進動力を得る電動車両(10、10A)用パワーコントロールユニット(12、12a)であって、
筐体(44)と、
前記筐体(44)内部に配設され、第1の面(90)と、冷媒通路(82)を挟んで前記第1の面(90)とは反対側の第2の面(92)を有する冷却部(40)と、
前記電動車両(10、10A)の走行時に使用され、前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)で冷却される第1電力変換器(30)と、
前記車両(10、10A)外部の電源(70、72)から前記蓄電装置(16)への充電時に使用され、前記冷却部(40)の第2の面(92)で冷却される第2電力変換器(34)と
を備え、
前記第1電力変換器(30)と前記第2電力変換器(34)は、前記冷却部(40)の第1の面(90)から第2の面(92)の方向に見て重なる位置に配設される
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10、10A)用パワーコントロールユニット(12、12a)。
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JP2020010469A (ja) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-16 | マレリ株式会社 | パワーコントロールユニット |
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JP2021065061A (ja) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | 株式会社デンソー | 充電装置 |
WO2021075233A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | 株式会社デンソー | 充電装置 |
JP7276068B2 (ja) | 2019-10-16 | 2023-05-18 | 株式会社デンソー | 充電装置 |
JP7184138B1 (ja) | 2021-10-01 | 2022-12-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
JP7243892B1 (ja) | 2021-10-01 | 2023-03-22 | 富士電機株式会社 | 昇圧コンバータ装置 |
JP2023053875A (ja) * | 2021-10-01 | 2023-04-13 | 富士電機株式会社 | 昇圧コンバータ装置 |
JP2023053656A (ja) * | 2021-10-01 | 2023-04-13 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2012070346A1 (ja) | 2014-05-19 |
CN103201936B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
US9290101B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
US20130241486A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
JP5275525B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
CN103201936A (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
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