WO2012049012A2 - Procédé et dispositif d'usinage de surfaces de pièces - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif d'usinage de surfaces de pièces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012049012A2
WO2012049012A2 PCT/EP2011/066714 EP2011066714W WO2012049012A2 WO 2012049012 A2 WO2012049012 A2 WO 2012049012A2 EP 2011066714 W EP2011066714 W EP 2011066714W WO 2012049012 A2 WO2012049012 A2 WO 2012049012A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpieces
surface treatment
processing device
vibration
treatment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/066714
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012049012A3 (fr
Inventor
Lutz Rickerich
Klaus Peter Dose
Peter-Andreas David
Philip Schubert
Original Assignee
Walther Trowal Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Walther Trowal Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Walther Trowal Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2012049012A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012049012A2/fr
Publication of WO2012049012A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012049012A3/fr

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B24B31/06Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers
    • B24B31/064Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers the workpieces being fitted on a support
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B24B31/12Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
    • B24B31/14Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a processing device for surface processing, in particular for grinding and / or polishing, of workpieces, in particular for the surface treatment of implants or of implant parts.
  • the grinding or polishing effect is based on the fact that the moving ("dragged") workpieces in the bed of the surface treatment agent are a displacement or cause soft movement of the particles of the surface treatment agent, so that adjacent to a workpiece, relative to this moving particles have an abrasive effect.
  • some resistance to movement of the workpieces in the surface treatment agent is required. It was found that the abrasion formed in the surface treatment increases the resistance to movement over time and the abrasion must be removed from the bed. An attempt was made to stimulate the treatment container to vibrate, but this caused an uncontrollable decrease in movement resistance and treatment outcomes. For this reason, so far the treatment process of the workpieces to remove the abrasion had to be interrupted.
  • the present invention is based on the so-called drag dragging technique known as known, the invention being based on the object of further developing the method and the device, so that in particular the disadvantages described above are avoided as far as possible can be.
  • the invention initially relates to a method for surface treatment, preferably for grinding and / or polishing, of workpieces, preferably for surface treatment of implants or implant parts, comprising the method steps: providing and inputting finely divided or finely divided surface treatment agent into a treatment container, introduction ( quasi "immersion") of one or more workpieces to be treated into the surface treatment means located in the treatment vessel so that the work piece (s) are completely or partially surrounded by surface treatment means, moving, preferably alternately moving, the work piece (s) the container relative to the container, so that the workpieces to different places in the Treatment tanks arrive, wherein the workpieces are each completely or partially surrounded by the surface treatment agent, and exciting the treatment vessel to vibrations during movement of the one or more workpieces.
  • the invention initially and essentially proposes the features that a surface treatment agent is used which contains powder or a powder mixture or powder or powder mixture, wherein the powder or the powder mixture has the property in a Pressure increase tend to reversible baking.
  • caking is known to a person skilled in the art. The phenomenon is referred to in English by the term “caking”. This refers to a tendency of powdery substances to bridge. In particular, under the action of external forces, in particular directed forces or pressure on the powder, reversible and therefore temporary lumping or clumping occurs. A compression caused by external pressure or external forces is thus associated with a restriction or possibly even with a loss of flowability; in particular cohesive forces between the powder constituents can be responsible for this.
  • reversible baking means that the powders proposed according to the invention, on the other hand, have the property that the baking can be completely or at least partially eliminated by vibration or suitable vibrations, ie a loosening and "caking" is possible, according to one certain flowability (also depending on the nature and extent of the vibrations) can be completely or at least partially restored.
  • vibration or suitable vibrations ie a loosening and "caking” is possible, according to one certain flowability (also depending on the nature and extent of the vibrations) can be completely or at least partially restored.
  • the term “powder” includes a wide range of possible particle sizes, for example. Particles may have dimensions of a few micrometers, but also be larger or possibly even smaller. Such powders have hitherto not been used in drag grinding since baking undesirably occurs along the repeating trajectory of the workpieces for furrow formation in the surface treatment medium.
  • the Applicant has surprisingly found in experiments that the tendency to form bridges or to caking certain powders during drag grinding can even be advantageously utilized in a targeted manner, since limited caking of the powdery surface treatment agent leads to a likewise only limited increase in pressure at the surface the workpieces leads, so in addition to a friction effect, an increased pressure effect occurs and ultimately a more uniform and better surface treatment is possible.
  • the Applicant has thus overcome in the process according to the invention the existing reservations in the art, that for baking prone powdering materials as well as a taking place during the treatment vibration excitation in the so-called.
  • Drag loops are detrimental to the treatment outcome.
  • a grinding or of a polishing powder or of an abrasive or polishing agent can, for example, metallic workpieces (eg. From stainless steel) or, for example, ceramic workpieces are treated.
  • the vibration excitation preferably with respect to the direction and / or the amplitude and / or the frequency of one or more vibration components of the vibration excitation, and preferably in accordance with the course and / or on the speed of movement the work piece or pieces is adjusted so that, in particular when viewed as a whole or a tistic means of the particles of the surface treatment agent results in a limited, temporally at least substantially invariable caking of the surface treatment agent.
  • the term "limited” here means that by means of the selected oscillation excitation, an otherwise still continuing or even further intensifying caking is avoided, so that within the scope of the invention it is possible to speak of a controlled or metered caking.
  • the vibration excitation in particular with respect to the direction and / or the amplitude and / or the frequency of one or more vibration components of the vibration excitation, and preferably in accordance with the course and / or to the speed of movement of the workpiece (s) is adjusted so as to avoid or at least substantially prevent furrowing in the powdery surface treatment agent during movement of the workpieces.
  • This achieves better mixing of the powder in the treatment tank and utilizes the treatment agent more uniformly for the surface treatment.
  • pulverulent aluminum oxide for example Al 2 O 3, or pulverulent SiC or powdered SiO 2 (quartz) or ground powdered clay can be used as powder or a mixture of one or more of the abovementioned pulverulent components can be used as powder mixture.
  • pulverulent aluminum oxide for example Al 2 O 3
  • pulverulent SiC or powdered SiO 2 (quartz) or ground powdered clay can be used as powder or a mixture of one or more of the abovementioned pulverulent components can be used as powder mixture.
  • the invention also relates to a processing device for the surface treatment of workpieces, preferably for grinding and / or polishing workpieces, such as.
  • the device comprises: a cup-shaped treatment container for receiving in particular powdery surface treatment agent, at least a workpiece holder on which one or more workpieces to be machined are detachably fastened, at least one drive or drag drive with at least one Antriebsele- element, which is in particular releasably connected to the workpiece holder and the workpiece holder with the drive, especially alternately, relative to the Treatment tank moves, and a first
  • Vibration exciter for vibration excitation of the treatment tank initially and essentially proposes the features that the treatment container is resiliently mounted or received and that the first vibration exciter has at least two imbalance drives and the treatment container imposes a first vibration component, which is substantially inclined to a Ho - Rizontalebene lies.
  • a so-called horizontal plane is understood to mean a geometric reference plane which can extend parallel to the bottom of the treatment container or to an installation surface of the processing device. It has surprisingly been found in experiments that such vibration excitation is particularly well suited for controlling or metering the agglomeration of bridging prone powders during the polishing of workpieces in the powder.
  • the processing device according to the invention is in an excellent manner in particular for carrying out the described method according to the invention, and to the extent achievable effects and advantages, reference is made to the foregoing description.
  • a preferred development provides that the two unbalance drives of the first vibration exciter are connected in diametrically opposed relationship with the treatment vessel, wherein the directions of the axes of rotation of the two imbalance drives inclined to the horizontal plane and perpendicular to the diametral and extending in a direction of Crossing diametral projection.
  • Such a configuration is described, however, for the deviating technique of vibration grinding, in the document DE 10 2005 047 303 AI of the applicant.
  • the respective angle of inclination between the horizontal plane and the axes of rotation (or directions of the axes of rotation) of the two imbalance drives is variable, preferably continuously, adjustable. It is also preferable that the two axes of rotation of the unbalance drives of the first
  • Vibration exciter parallel to tangents of the treatment tank extend.
  • Such an arrangement in which the two axes of rotation are arranged "skewed" relative to one another, makes it possible to generate a vibration component which describes an ellipse inclined relative to the horizontal plane.
  • each unbalance drive has an electric motor, on whose axis of rotation passing through the electric motor in the region of one longitudinal end each an imbalance mass, in particular changeable angular position, is arranged.
  • the processing device has a second vibration exciter, the Treatment tank, a second, the first crossing and preferably substantially in a vertical plane vibration component imposed.
  • the second vibration exciter preferably comprises at least one unbalance drive, which has an electric motor, on whose axis of rotation passing through the electric motor an unbalanced mass, preferably a variable angular position, is arranged in the region of one longitudinal end, the unbalance drive below the treatment container, preferably at the bottom of the treatment container, and wherein it is preferably provided that its axis of rotation extends parallel to an imaginary connecting line between the two imbalance drives of the first vibration exciter.
  • a preferred adjustment of the device provides that the imbalance drives of the first vibration exciter to run synchronously to each other and that the imbalance drive of the second vibration exciter is driven at a different speed.
  • the drive or towing drive serving for the movement of the work piece (s)
  • it be suitable for producing a respectively alternating linear movement and / or sheet movement and / or rotational movement and / or circumferential movement of the workpiece holder connected thereto or, in particular, geared , is adjusted.
  • a simple vertical or horizontal or diagonally directed reciprocating motion or, for example, a circular, elliptical or similar arcuate or circumferential movement may be considered.
  • the generated movement can be repeated identically or, for example, spirographically during the following cycles.
  • the towed drive has a planetary gear whose planetary gears each form a drive element, wherein a plurality of rod-like, preferably at least substantially perpendicular to said horizontal plane oriented, workpiece holders are provided whose respective upper longitudinal end is connected in each case with a planetary gear, that the workpiece holder at least the revolving path movement of the planet carries with.
  • a rotationally fixed connection between the planet gear and workpiece holder can be selected, so that the self-rotation is transmitted from the planet to the workpiece holder.
  • a rotational connection may be selected, so that the self-rotation of the workpiece holder does not depend on the planetary gear, but can be predetermined by means of a separate drive.
  • the processing device can also have a traversing device in order to be able to retract or optionally remove the workpiece holders, preferably in the vertical direction, from the outside, or to set a desired penetration depth of the workpieces into the supply of surface treatment agent contained in the processing container to be able to. It is considered appropriate that each workpiece holder in the region of its lower longitudinal end one or more fastening receptacles for releasably securing each one workpiece, preferably by means of clamping, has. In order to achieve a versatile adjustability, it is also preferred that the rotational speed of the towing drive, ie the drive serving for moving the workpiece holder with the workpieces, is adjustable independently of the frequencies or rotational speeds of the vibration exciter.
  • FIG. 1 shows in perspective a processing device according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of detail II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 1 shows in perspective a processing device according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of detail II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 1 shows in perspective a processing device according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of detail II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of detail II in FIG. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a side view in the viewing direction III of FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along section line IV - IV in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a side view of FIG. 3, but with partially broken illustrated treatment container and further lowered therein
  • the metallic workpieces 2 are lower leg plates of an implant whose
  • the processing apparatus 1 comprises a cylindrical, upwardly open treatment container 3 for receiving powder serving as surface treatment agent 4, such as, for example, the already mentioned powders or powder mixtures.
  • the partial break-up in FIG. 5 indicates up to what fill level the treatment tank 3 was filled with the powdery surface treatment agent 4.
  • the hatching that is chosen only symbolically for the surface treatment agent 4 does not indicate the size ratio between powder particles and workpieces, but the particle size moves, for example, on the order of only a few micrometers.
  • the treatment tank 3 has a plate-like tank bottom 5, which is resiliently supported on the upper plate 7 of a stable base frame 8 by means of groups of cylinder compression springs 6 present at the corners on the underside.
  • the processing device 1 comprises four substantially vertically extending workpiece holders 9. From the lower longitudinal end of each go out three, circumferentially spaced by 120 ° from each other holding arms 10, which in turn each one holding element 11 is provided with a slotted hole 12 serving for releasably clamping the workpieces 2. On the workpieces 2, a cylinder portion 13 is provided, which can be inserted into the holes 12 and therein by means of tightening a clamping screw (not shown in detail) releasably fix.
  • the upper longitudinal end of each rod-like workpiece holder 9 is lubf ormschlüssig connected to one planetary gear of a planetary gear 14.
  • the planetary gear 14 forms, together with a drive motor 15, a drive or drag drive 16 in order to impose a movement on the workpieces 2 in the treatment container 3, which consists of a circular movement of the workpiece holders 9 along the path of the planetary gears and a superimposed self-rotation of the planetary gears composed.
  • the planetary gear 14 is not shown in detail, but its operation is familiar to a person skilled in the art.
  • the drive motor 15 transmits its torque to a central sun gear, in which engages the toothing of the four circumferentially uniformly spaced planetary gears. To illustrate this in Figure 1 even further, the position of the concealed sun gear is denoted by 17 and the likewise hidden planetary gears, each forming a drive element, designated by the reference numeral 18.
  • the movement forced on the workpieces 2 by the towing drive 16 is shown in the sectional view of FIG. 4 by means of arrows.
  • the arrows 20 represent a circular movement of the workpiece holder 9, while the arrows 21 indicate their self-rotation. In operation, it is preferable to reverse the drive direction after certain time intervals.
  • the treatment device has a first vibration exciter 22, which comprises two unbalance drives 23. These are both visible in FIG. Furthermore, in FIG. 3, for example, a second vibration exciter 24 is provided which, in the example, has only an identical imbalance drive, also designated by 23.
  • the two vibration exciters 22, 24 serve to the treatment tank 3 during the Surface treatment to stimulate vibrations.
  • the vibration component generated by the first vibration exciter 22 extends inclined to a horizontal plane E, which is intended as a geometric reference plane, and extends parallel to the container bottom 5.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates that the two unbalance drives 23 of the first vibration exciter 22 are connected to the treatment vessel 3 in a diametrically opposite relationship, the directions 25, 26 being inclined to the horizontal plane E and to the direction indicated in FIG.
  • Diametral D run vertically. In a projection view, which is guided in the direction of the diametral D, intersect the geometric axes of rotation 25 and 26 and are so far "skewed" arranged to each other.
  • the respective inclination angle ⁇ of the imbalance drives 23 of the first vibration exciter 22 is infinitely adjustable.
  • the imbalance drives 23 are screwed onto circular holding plates 27, which in turn sit on the side wall 31 of the treatment container 3 in a rotary guide and can be fixed after setting a desired angle of inclination by means of screw terminals 28.
  • Each of the three imbalance drives 23 has an electric motor 29, on whose leading rotary axis in each case one longitudinal end of each one concealed in the figures of housing covers 30 unbalanced mass is arranged angle-adjustable.
  • the imbalance drive 23 of the second vibration exciter 24 is mounted on the underside of the container bottom 5, wherein the axis of rotation extends geometrically parallel to the diametral D between the two imbalance drives 23 of the first vibration exciter 22.
  • the two vibration exciters 22, 24 correspond in their construction to the construction disclosed in the publication DE 10 2005 047303 A1, so that reference is also made to the further description herein and their content is included in the present application. Nevertheless, the mode of operation of the inventive processing device 1 differs from the function of the known device.
  • the relative movement between the workpieces 2 and the surface treatment means 4 required for the grinding and / or polishing process is at least predominantly or completely from the tow drive 16 (instead of the term drag drive, which indicates the function, one can only use one drive of the
  • the surface treatment agent 4 selected is one which contains powder or consists of powder which has the property of being prone to reversible so-called caking under the action of pressure or of forces (even at unchanged temperature).
  • the first and second vibration exciter 22, 24 is used in the device according to the invention primarily to control or limit this tendency, so that, viewed during the surface treatment on average a time equilibrium state. In this case, in particular in the vicinity of the workpieces, there is a reversible or temporary caking of the powder with a local pressure increase, which results in the grinding process. Polishing process supported.
  • the powder lumps or bales formed during baking are again completely or partially loosened up by the vibration drive, thus reversing the caking, so that a certain circulation of the powder during workpiece movement is maintained.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show, for simplicity only, the workpiece holders 9 in a position above the surface 32 of the surface treatment means 4, that is, the prone to bridging powder.
  • the processing device 1 has a positioning device not shown separately in the figures, which serves to move the workpiece holders 9 or workpieces 2 in the vertical direction (ie up or down). 5 additionally shows an arrangement in which the workpiece holders 9 with the workpieces 2 have been lowered so far into the treatment container 3 that the workpieces 2 are completely immersed in the powder or surface treatment agent 4. It is understood that this Positioning is shown only as an example, ie, if necessary, a different, for example. Lower or higher positioning of the workpieces 2 possible and possibly advantageous.
  • the workpieces 2 After a desired period of operation, during which the workpieces 2 receive the desired high-gloss polishing of the surface, the workpieces 2 can be pulled up again out of the powder and removed from the workpiece holders 9.
  • a container opening 33 is provided, by means of which the treatment container 3 can be emptied.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'usinage de surfaces, en particulier de rectification et/ou de polissage, de pièces (2), comprenant : la fourniture et l'introduction d'un moyen d'usinage de surfaces (4) dans un contenant d'usinage (3); l'insertion d'une ou de plusieurs pièces (2) à usiner dans le moyen d'usinage de surfaces (4) situé dans le contenant d'usinage (3), de sorte que la ou les pièces (2) soient entourées respectivement entièrement ou en partie par le moyen d'usinage de surface (4); le déplacement, en particulier le déplacement alternatif, de la pièce ou des pièces (2) dans le contenant d'usinage (3) par rapport à celui-ci, de sorte que les pièces (2) atteignent différents endroits dans le contenant d'usinage (3), les pièces (2) étant entourées respectivement entièrement ou partiellement par le moyen d'usinage de surfaces (4); l'excitation du contenant d'usinage (3) pour produire des vibrations pendant le déplacement de la pièce ou des pièces (2). L'objectif de l'invention est de perfectionner ledit procédé afin qu'il soit mis en œuvre de manière avantageuse. A cet effet, un moyen d'usinage de surfaces (4) contenant de la poudre ou un mélange pulvérulent ou constitué de poudre ou d'un mélange pulvérulent est utilisé, la poudre ou le mélange pulvérulent ayant la propriété d'avoir tendance à cuire de façon réversible lors d'une augmentation de pression. L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif d'usinage (1) de surfaces de pièces (2).
PCT/EP2011/066714 2010-09-27 2011-09-27 Procédé et dispositif d'usinage de surfaces de pièces WO2012049012A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010037794 DE102010037794A1 (de) 2010-09-27 2010-09-27 Verfahren und Bearbeitungsvorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken
DE102010037794.5 2010-09-27

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WO2012049012A2 true WO2012049012A2 (fr) 2012-04-19
WO2012049012A3 WO2012049012A3 (fr) 2012-06-21

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WO (1) WO2012049012A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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CN111002116A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-14 东莞冠熹精密五金制品有限公司 一种自动化流体打磨工艺
CN113370068A (zh) * 2021-04-24 2021-09-10 上海琉璃工房琉璃艺术品有限公司 一种琉璃研磨装置及加工工艺

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111230715B (zh) * 2020-02-05 2022-03-04 辽宁科技大学 一种振动磁针复合磁粒研磨装置
CN117464548B (zh) * 2023-12-27 2024-04-02 秦皇岛中秦渤海轮毂有限公司 一种连续式轮毂抛光装置

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JPH0970748A (ja) * 1995-09-08 1997-03-18 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ワークの面取り方法およびその装置
JP2777356B2 (ja) * 1996-11-15 1998-07-16 新東ブレーター株式会社 乾式バレル研磨用無機質メディア
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111002116A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-14 东莞冠熹精密五金制品有限公司 一种自动化流体打磨工艺
CN113370068A (zh) * 2021-04-24 2021-09-10 上海琉璃工房琉璃艺术品有限公司 一种琉璃研磨装置及加工工艺

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WO2012049012A3 (fr) 2012-06-21

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