WO2012032852A1 - 制振機構 - Google Patents

制振機構 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012032852A1
WO2012032852A1 PCT/JP2011/066116 JP2011066116W WO2012032852A1 WO 2012032852 A1 WO2012032852 A1 WO 2012032852A1 JP 2011066116 W JP2011066116 W JP 2011066116W WO 2012032852 A1 WO2012032852 A1 WO 2012032852A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
hollow portion
damping mechanism
vibration
vibration damping
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/066116
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
緒方達也
Original Assignee
大昭和精機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 大昭和精機株式会社 filed Critical 大昭和精機株式会社
Priority to KR1020137004264A priority Critical patent/KR101851964B1/ko
Priority to US13/817,843 priority patent/US9027720B2/en
Priority to CN201180043560.XA priority patent/CN103154563B/zh
Priority to EP11823331.1A priority patent/EP2615326B1/en
Priority to RU2013115883/11A priority patent/RU2556369C2/ru
Publication of WO2012032852A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012032852A1/ja

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/08—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/002—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor with vibration damping means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/007—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor for internal turning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
    • B23B29/02—Boring bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
    • B23B29/02—Boring bars
    • B23B29/022—Boring bars with vibration reducing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/14—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers
    • F16F15/1407—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers the rotation being limited with respect to the driving means
    • F16F15/1414—Masses driven by elastic elements
    • F16F15/1435—Elastomeric springs, i.e. made of plastic or rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/32—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels
    • F16F15/322—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels the rotating body being a shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/04—Friction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/76—Tool-carrier with vibration-damping means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304312—Milling with means to dampen vibration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304424—Means for internal milling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/309352—Cutter spindle or spindle support
    • Y10T409/309408—Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30952—Milling with cutter holder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a damping mechanism in which a damping weight is accommodated concentrically with the shaft core of the hollow portion in a cylindrical hollow portion formed inside a shaft portion of a tool holder or the like.
  • the tool holder with the cutting blade fixed to the tip side is attached to the machine tool in a cantilevered state, so the tool holder can be rotated to cut the metal during cutting.
  • chatter vibration there is a problem that machining accuracy is lowered.
  • the vibration control mechanism vibrates the damping weight accommodated in the hollow portion so as to cancel the chatter vibration, and at the same time absorbs the vibration vibration energy.
  • a conventional vibration damping mechanism is configured to be able to absorb chatter vibration energy by friction or collision with the inner surface of the hollow part of one weight for damping housed in the hollow part (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
  • the amount of vibration energy absorbed becomes an amount corresponding to the weight of the vibration damping weight, and in order to increase the amount of vibration energy absorbed, it is necessary to accommodate a weight having a large weight in the hollow portion.
  • housing a weight made of cemented carbide or heavy metal which has a large specific gravity but is expensive, may increase the production cost of the vibration damping weight.
  • the hollow portion may be enlarged and the strength of the tool holder may be reduced.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration control mechanism capable of
  • a first characteristic configuration of the vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention is that a weight member divided into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction around the shaft core of the hollow portion is accommodated in a cylindrical hollow portion formed inside the shaft portion.
  • an urging member that urges toward the axis so that the divided surfaces of adjacent weight members are in surface contact with each other.
  • a weight member divided into a plurality of parts is accommodated in a cylindrical hollow portion formed inside the shaft portion.
  • the vibration energy can be absorbed as friction energy and impact energy between the divided surfaces.
  • the weight member divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction around the shaft core of the hollow portion is accommodated in the hollow portion, the divided surfaces of the weight member are slid together in the shaft portion radial direction to Chatter vibration generated in the radial direction can be effectively reduced.
  • the vibration damping mechanism of this configuration since it has a biasing member that biases toward the axial center of the hollow portion so that the divided surfaces of adjacent weight members are in surface contact with each other, it actively resists sliding between the divided surfaces. As a result, the frictional energy between the split surfaces can be increased, and the amount of vibration energy absorbed can be further increased. Therefore, with the vibration damping mechanism of this configuration, it is possible to increase the amount of vibration energy absorbed while reducing the possibility of increasing the cost of manufacturing the vibration damping weight and reducing the strength of the shaft portion.
  • the second characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the urging member is an annular elastic member that is sandwiched and disposed between an outer peripheral surface of the plurality of weight members and an inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion.
  • the plurality of weight members can be urged uniformly and easily so as to move to the shaft core side.
  • a third characteristic configuration of the present invention is that a regulating member for regulating a displacement amount of the plurality of weight members to the side away from the shaft core is mounted.
  • the amount of displacement of the plurality of weight members toward the side away from the shaft core is regulated, so that the weight member displaced toward the side away from the shaft core due to the vibration of the shaft portion can be quickly moved toward the side closer to the shaft core. Therefore, it is possible to stabilize the rotation of the shaft portion, and it is possible to enhance the effect of absorbing vibration energy by sliding between the divided surfaces.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vibration damping mechanism. These are the longitudinal cross-sectional views which show the damping mechanism of 2nd Embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
  • First Embodiment 1 and 2 show a tool holder (an example of a shaft portion) 1 provided with a vibration damping mechanism 2 according to the present invention.
  • the vibration damping mechanism 2 is mounted inside a steel tool holder 1 having a circular cross-sectional shape and having an outer peripheral portion concentric with the rotation axis X.
  • the tool holder 1 has a shaft body 1a for mounting a tool and a taper portion 1b for connection to a rotating shaft (not shown) of a machine tool, and is integrally connected to the taper portion 1b. Driven and rotated by the shaft.
  • An attachment hole 4 for the tool head 3 is formed at the tip of the shaft body 1a, and the tool head 3 to which the throw-away tip 5 provided with the cutting blade portion is fixed as shown by the phantom line in FIG. It is fixed to the attachment hole 4 in a retaining state.
  • a hollow portion 6 having a circular cross-sectional shape concentric with the rotation axis X of the tool holder 1 is formed inside the shaft body 1a, and the vibration damping mechanism 2 is mounted in the hollow portion 6.
  • the hollow portion 6 divides a shaft hole 7 having a circular cross-sectional shape that opens to the distal end side of the shaft portion main body 1 a with a plug member 8 screwed into the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 7. It is formed on the taper portion 1b side.
  • a front end side of the shaft hole 7 with respect to the plug member 8 forms the attachment hole 4.
  • the tool holder 1 has a coolant supply passage 9 for supplying coolant such as cutting oil to the tool head 3 via the mounting hole 4, and the rotation axis X extends across the shaft body 1 a and the taper portion 1 b. It is formed with the same core.
  • a coolant pipe 10 that is concentric with the rotation axis X and passes through the hollow portion 6 is connected to the coolant supply path 9.
  • the coolant pipe 10 is connected to a through hole 8 a formed in the plug member 8 and communicated with the attachment hole 4.
  • the vibration control mechanism 2 includes a cemented carbide made of cemented carbide obtained by sintering WC (tungsten carbide) or the like, and a clearance 12a, 12b between the outer peripheral surface of the coolant pipe 10 and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 6. It is configured to be concentrically accommodated with the rotation axis X with a gap therebetween.
  • the vibration damping weight 11 is divided into a plurality of weight members 14 having a fan-shaped cross section in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis X, and these These weight members 14 are arranged in a cylindrical shape around the coolant pipe 10 and accommodated in the hollow portion 6.
  • the stopper member 8 is strongly screwed to the vibration damping weight 11 side to apply a compressive force in the direction along the rotational axis X to each weight member 14.
  • Energizing members 16 that energize the divided surfaces 15 of adjacent weight members 14 so as to come into surface contact are provided at both ends in the direction of the rotation axis X.
  • the urging member 16 is composed of an elastic O-ring as an annular elastic member that is sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the plurality of weight members 14 and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 6.
  • [Second Embodiment] 4 and 5 show another embodiment of the vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention.
  • the vibration damping weight 11 divided into the plurality of weight members 14 is located at the center position in the direction of the rotation axis X of the weight members 14 and away from the rotation axis X of the plurality of weight members 14.
  • a restricting member 17 for restricting the amount of displacement is attached.
  • the regulating member 17 is composed of a metal ring having an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow portion 6 and an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the hollow portion 6, and the outer peripheral side thereof is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 6.
  • the circumferential groove 18 is inserted into the weight member 14 so as not to drop off.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the weight member divided into a plurality at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis of the hollow part may be further divided into a plurality of parts in the direction of the axis of the hollow part.
  • the split surfaces of the weight members adjacent to each other in the direction of the axial center of the hollow portion can be slid with each other along with the chatter vibration of the shaft portion. Can be absorbed as.
  • an annular elastic member is interposed between the outer peripheral surface of each weight member and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion, each weight member is urged to move toward the axis of the hollow portion.
  • the vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention is not limited to a structure in which a weight member divided into a plurality at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis of the hollow portion is accommodated in the hollow portion, and is divided into a plurality at non-uniform intervals.
  • the weight member may be accommodated in the hollow portion.
  • the vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention the weight member divided into a plurality of parts in the direction of the axial center of the hollow part is added to the weight member divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction around the axis of the hollow part.
  • the vibration damping mechanism according to the present invention may be one in which a weight member divided into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction around the axial center of the hollow portion is accommodated in the hollow portion formed in the shaft portion other than the tool holder. Good. 5.
  • the shaft portion may not be a rotating body, and the core of the hollow portion and the core of the shaft portion do not have to coincide with each other.
  • the present invention can be widely applied to a hollow portion formed in a shaft portion of a vibrating member such as a tool holder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

　制振用の錘の製作コストが高くなるおそれや軸部の強度が低下するおそれを少なくしながら、振動エネルギーの吸収量を大きくすることができる制振機構を提供する。軸部１の内部に形成された円筒状の中空部６に、中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で複数に分割された錘部材１４が収容され、隣り合う錘部材の分割面１５どうしが面接触するように軸芯に向けて付勢する付勢部材１６を備えている。

Description

制振機構
　本発明は、工具ホルダ等の軸部の内部に形成された円筒状の中空部に、制振用の錘が前記中空部の軸芯と同芯状に収容されている制振機構に関する。
　金属の切削加工においては、切削用の刃部を先端側に固定してある工具ホルダが工作機械に片持ち状態で取り付けられるので、工具ホルダを回転させて金属を切削する切削加工中に、工具ホルダが所謂びびり振動を起こすと加工精度が低下する問題がある。
　上記制振機構は、切削加工中に発生するびびり振動に応答して、中空部に収容されている制振用の錘をびびり振動を打ち消すように振動させると同時にびびり振動のエネルギーを吸収することにより、そのびびり振動を抑制して、加工精度の向上を図ることができるようにしたものである。
　従来の制振機構は、中空部に収容した制振用の一つの錘の中空部内面との摩擦や衝突によってびびり振動のエネルギーを吸収できるように構成してある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特表２００３－５２１３８１号公報
　このため、振動エネルギーの吸収量は制振用の錘の重量に応じた量になり、振動エネルギーの吸収量を大きくするためには、重量が大きい錘を中空部に収容する必要がある。
　重量が大きい制振用の錘を中空部に収容するにあたって、比重が大きいが高価な超硬合金製やヘビーメタル製の錘を収容すると、制振用の錘の製作コストが高くなるおそれがある。また、比重が小さいが安価な金属製の錘を収容すると、中空部が大型化して工具ホルダの強度が低下するおそれがある。
　本発明は上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであって、制振用の錘の製作コストが高くなるおそれや軸部の強度が低下するおそれを少なくしながら、振動エネルギーの吸収量を大きくすることができる制振機構を提供することを目的とする。
　本発明による制振機構の第１特徴構成は、軸部の内部に形成された円筒状の中空部に、前記中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で複数に分割された錘部材が収容され、隣り合う錘部材の分割面どうしが面接触するように前記軸芯に向けて付勢する付勢部材を備えている点にある。
　本構成の制振機構は、軸部の内部に形成された円筒状の中空部に、複数に分割された錘部材が収容されている。
　このため、軸部のびびり振動に伴って、隣り合う錘部材の分割面どうしを互いに摺動させることができるので、振動エネルギーを分割面どうしの摩擦エネルギーや衝撃エネルギーとして吸収することができる。
　また、中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で複数に分割された錘部材が中空部に収容されているので、錘部材の分割面どうしを軸部径方向に互いに摺動させて、軸部径方向に生じるびびり振動を効果的に軽減することができる。
　さらに、隣り合う錘部材の分割面どうしが面接触するように中空部の軸芯に向けて付勢する付勢部材を備えているので、分割面どうしの摺動に対して積極的に抵抗を与えて、分割面どうしの摩擦エネルギーを増大させることができ、振動エネルギーの吸収量を一層大きくすることができる。
　したがって、本構成の制振機構であれば、制振用の錘の製作コストが高くなるおそれや軸部の強度が低下するおそれを少なくしながら、振動エネルギーの吸収量を大きくすることができる。
　本発明の第２特徴構成は、前記付勢部材が、前記複数の錘部材の外周面と前記中空部の内周面との間に挟み込み配置した環状の弾性部材である点にある。
　本構成であれば、複数の錘部材を一律にまた簡単に軸芯の側に移動するように付勢することができる。
　本発明の第３特徴構成は、前記複数の錘部材の前記軸芯から離れる側への変位量を規制する規制部材が装着されている点にある。
　本構成であれば、複数の錘部材の軸芯から離れる側への変位量を規制するので、軸部の振動に伴って軸芯から離れる側へ変位した錘部材を軸芯に近づく側に迅速に復帰変位させ易く、軸部の回転を安定させることができると共に、分割面どうしの摺動による振動エネルギーの吸収効果も高めることができる。
は、制振機構を設けてある工具ホルダの縦断面図である。 は、図１のII－II線断面図である。 は、制振機構の斜視図である。 は、第２実施形態の制振機構を示す縦断面図である。 は、図４のＶ－Ｖ線断面図である。
　以下に本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
〔第１実施形態〕
　図１，図２は、本発明による制振機構２を設けてある工具ホルダ（軸部の一例）１を示す。
　制振機構２は、横断面形状が円形で回転軸芯Ｘと同芯の外周部を備えた鋼製の工具ホルダ１の内部に装着してある。
　工具ホルダ１は、工具装着用の軸部本体１ａと、工作機械の回転軸（図示せず）に対する連結用のテーパ部１ｂとを同芯状に一体に有し、テーパ部１ｂに連結した回転軸で駆動回転される。
　軸部本体１ａの先端部分に工具ヘッド３の取り付け孔４が形成され、図１中の仮想線で示すように、切削用刃部を備えたスローアウェイチップ５を固定してある工具ヘッド３が取り付け孔４に抜け止め状態で固定される。
　軸部本体１ａの内部に工具ホルダ１の回転軸芯Ｘと同芯の横断面形状が円形の中空部６が形成され、この中空部６に制振機構２が装着されている。
　中空部６は、軸部本体１ａの先端側に開口する横断面形状が円形の軸孔７を、軸孔７の内周面に螺合した栓部材８で区画して、栓部材８よりもテーパ部１ｂの側に形成されている。
　軸孔７の栓部材８よりも先端側が取り付け孔４を形成している。　
　工具ホルダ１には、切削油などのクーラントを、取り付け孔４を経由して工具ヘッド３に供給するためのクーラント供給路９が、軸部本体１ａとテーパ部１ｂとに亘って回転軸芯Ｘと同芯で形成されている。
　クーラント供給路９には、回転軸芯Ｘと同芯で中空部６を貫通するクーラントパイプ１０が接続されている。クーラントパイプ１０は、栓部材８に形成した貫通孔８ａに接続して取り付け孔４に連通させてある。
　制振機構２は、ＷＣ（タングステンカーバイド）などを焼結した超硬合金製の制振用の錘１１を、クーラントパイプ１０の外周面及び中空部６の内周面に対して隙間１２ａ，１２ｂを隔てて、回転軸芯Ｘと同芯状に収容して構成されている。
　クーラントパイプ１０のクーラント供給路９との接続部、及び、栓部材８の貫通孔８ａとの接続部の夫々には弾性Ｏリング１３を装着してあるので、クーラントなどの液体が制振用の錘１１とクーラントパイプ１０の外周面及び中空部６の内周面との隙間１２ａ，１２ｂに入り込むおそれがなく、制振効果の低下を防止することができる。
　制振用の錘１１は、図２，図３に示すように、回転軸芯Ｘの周りの周方向で、横断面形状が扇形の複数の錘部材１４に等間隔で分割してあり、これらの錘部材１４をクーラントパイプ１０の周りに円筒状に並べて中空部６に収容してある。
　尚、栓部材８を制振用の錘１１の側に強くねじ込んで、各錘部材１４に回転軸芯Ｘに沿う方向の圧縮力を付与してある。
　工具ホルダ１のびびり振動に伴って隣り合う錘部材１４の分割面１５どうしを互いに強く摺動させることができるように、複数の錘部材１４を円筒状に並べて中空部６に収容した状態で、隣り合う錘部材１４の分割面１５どうしが面接触するように付勢する付勢部材１６を、回転軸芯Ｘの方向の両端部に備えている。
　付勢部材１６は、複数の錘部材１４の外周面と中空部６の内周面との間に挟み込み配置した環状の弾性部材としての弾性Ｏリングで構成してある。
〔第２実施形態〕
　図４，図５は、本発明による制振機構の別実施形態を示す。
　本実施形態の制振機構は、複数の錘部材１４に分割された制振用の錘１１の回転軸芯Ｘの方向の中央位置に、複数の錘部材１４の回転軸芯Ｘから離れる側への変位量を規制する規制部材１７が装着されている。
　規制部材１７は、中空部６の内径よりも小さい内径と中空部６の内径よりも大きい外径とを備えた金属製のリングで構成され、その外周側を中空部６の内周面に形成した周溝１８に入り込ませて、錘部材１４の側に脱落しないように装着してある。
　その他の構成は第１実施形態と同様である。
〔その他の実施形態〕
１．本発明による制振機構は、中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で等間隔で複数に分割された錘部材が、中空部の軸芯の方向でもさらに複数に分割されていてもよい。
　この場合、軸部のびびり振動に伴って、中空部の軸芯の方向で隣り合う錘部材の分割面どうしを互いに摺動させることができるので、振動エネルギーを分割面どうしの摩擦エネルギーや衝撃エネルギーとして吸収することができる。
　また、各錘部材の外周面と中空部の内周面との間に環状の弾性部材を挟み込み配置してあれば、各錘部材を中空部の軸芯の側に移動するように付勢することができるから、軸部の慣性モーメントを小さくして軸部を滑らかに回転させることができ、制振効果の低下を防止することができる。
２．本発明による制振機構は、中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で等間隔で複数に分割された錘部材が中空部に収容されたものに限定されず、非等間隔で複数に分割された錘部材が中空部に収容されたものであってもよい。
３．本発明による制振機構は、中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で複数に分割された錘部材に加えて、中空部の軸芯の方向で複数に分割された錘部材が、中空部の例えば軸芯方向の両端部側或いは一端部側に収容されていてもよい。
４．本発明による制振機構は、工具ホルダ以外の軸部に形成された中空部に、その中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で複数に分割された錘部材が収容されたものであってもよい。
５．本発明による制振機構は、軸部が回転体でなくてもよく、中空部の芯と軸部の芯とが一致していなくてもよい。
本発明は、工具ホルダ等、振動する部材の軸部に形成された中空部に広く適用することができる。

Claims (3)

  1. 　軸部の内部に形成された円筒状の中空部に、前記中空部の軸芯の周りの周方向で複数に分割された錘部材が収容され、
    　隣り合う錘部材の分割面どうしが面接触するように前記軸芯に向けて付勢する付勢部材を備えている制振機構。
  2. 　前記付勢部材が、前記複数の錘部材の外周面と前記中空部の内周面との間に挟み込み配置した環状の弾性部材である請求項１記載の制振機構。
  3. 　前記複数の錘部材の前記軸芯から離れる側への変位量を規制する規制部材が装着されている請求項１又は２記載の制振機構。
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