WO2012018239A2 - 고탄소 크롬 베어링강 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
고탄소 크롬 베어링강 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012018239A2 WO2012018239A2 PCT/KR2011/005745 KR2011005745W WO2012018239A2 WO 2012018239 A2 WO2012018239 A2 WO 2012018239A2 KR 2011005745 W KR2011005745 W KR 2011005745W WO 2012018239 A2 WO2012018239 A2 WO 2012018239A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bearing steel
- compound
- high carbon
- less
- segregation
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bearing steel, and more particularly, to a high carbon chromium bearing steel and a method for manufacturing the same, which can improve the fatigue life of a bearing material by minimizing segregation by reducing the segregation zone of the cast material.
- bearing steel is refined while maintaining a strong reducing atmosphere in ladle after steelmaking in converter or electric furnace to reduce the amount of non-metallic inclusions and lower oxygen content (T [0]) to 12 ppm or less through vacuum degassing process. It is then refined in a state of casting, and then cast into slabs or ingots in a casting process, and then subjected to soaking in order to remove segregation and large carbides present in the material, followed by rolling into a billet. After that, in the rolling mill, ultra-cold operation is carried out to soften the material, which is produced as a wire rod or rod of bearing steel, and the produced material is spheroidized annealing to the ball, roller or inner ring of the bearing.
- T [0] non-metallic inclusions and lower oxygen content
- bearing steel produced through the casting process as described above is generally recognized that the segregation and large carbide production in the material due to the high carbon high crack content is inevitable. In other words, there is a difference in the solubility of solute elements between the solid phase and the liquid phase during the unfolding, so that solute atoms are discharged and accumulated at the tip of the solid-liquid interface, which leads to the generation of fine segregation between dendrites.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 1995-299550 discloses a technique for removing large carbides by rolling the cast under light pressure and soaking at 1150 to 1250 o C for 2 to 5 hours prior to crushing rolling.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-016683 discloses a technique for suppressing macrocarbide by using a steel having a P concentration of 0.002 to 0.009 mass% for less than 2 hours at 1150 to 1260 ° C.
- One aspect of the present invention is to reduce the occurrence of segregation, to suppress the formation of large carbide in the segregation zone to provide a bearing steel with excellent fatigue life and its manufacturing method.
- the present invention has a weight of 3 ⁇ 4, C: 0.5-1.2%, Si: 0.15-2.0%, Mn: 0.05-0.45%, P: 0.025% or less (excluding 0), S: 0.025% or less (excluding 0), Cr: 0.1-1.6%, Ce: 0.01-0.3%, the rest provides a high carbon chromium bearing steel containing Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- the present invention is a method for manufacturing a bearing steel by casting after refining molten iron,
- a method for producing high carbon chromium bearing steel which manufactures bearing steel using Ce compound as an inoculant.
- the present invention it is possible to reduce the addition of Mn in place of the existing bearing steel, to increase the economical efficiency by not performing a separate crack heat treatment, to reduce the occurrence of segregation by miniaturizing the equiaxed grain grains in the segregation zone, Significantly reduced carbide size can provide bearing steel with excellent fatigue life.
- 1 is a photograph showing a large carbide microstructure formed inside the shrinkage hole.
- 3 (a) and 3 (b) show the size of the segregation grains equiaxed grains of Comparative Example and Inventive Example 2, respectively Graph showing distribution.
- FIG. 5 is a Ce0 2 oxide photograph observed at the triple junction between the austenite grains of Inventive Example 2.
- 6 (a) and 6 (b) are photographs showing microstructures of large carbides in the segregation zone of Comparative Example and Inventive Example 2, respectively.
- the present inventors minimize the segregation during casting of bearing steel, reduce the formation of large carbide in the segregation zone, and form a large amount of fine equiaxed crystals in the segregation zone where segregation may occur during casting in order to obtain bearing steel with excellent fatigue life.
- the present invention has been realized with the recognition that the method is effective.
- the segregation zone means a site where segregation may occur in the casting material due to the casting, and the type of casting, even the same casting is different depending on the process. For example, during ingot casting, a segregation zone is formed at the top of the ingot, and during continuous casting, a segregation zone is formed at the center of the casting material.
- the inventors have devised a method of using an inoculant to form a large amount of fine equiaxed crystals of the cast bearing steel.
- the inoculant promotes heterogeneous nucleation, and certain components in the inoculum rapidly form compounds or precipitates with low gloss phase and low lattice mismatch, and these compounds or precipitates increase the interfacial energy at the solid-liquid interface.
- the inoculant is preferably a compound or precipitate having a small lattice mismatch with austenite, and the inoculant includes AlCe0 3 , Ce0 2 ( Ce 2 0 3> Ce 2 0 2 S, CeS, Ce 2 S 3 , TiC, TiN, Ti0 2 , A1 2 0 3, etc.
- Preferred inoculants include Ce0 2 or Ce 2 O 3 and the lattice mismatch with austenite are Ce0 2 6.7% whereas Ce 2 0 3 is Ce0 2 is more preferred as an inoculant to promote formation of fine equiaxed crystals in the casting of bearing steel.
- the composition of the bearing steel of the present invention will be described in detail (weight 3 ⁇ 4>).
- Carbon is a very important element to secure the strength of bearing steel. If the carbon content is low, the strength and fatigue strength of the bearing is low, so that it is not suitable as a bearing part, the carbon content is preferably added at least 0.5%. On the other hand, if the carbon content is too high, the undissolved giant carbide remains to reduce the fatigue strength, and the workability before quenching is poor, so the upper limit of the carbon content is preferably 1.2%. Silicon (Si): 0.15-2.0%
- Silicon is an element affecting the hardenability, and if the content is too low, the problem of hardenability may occur, so it is preferable to add 0.15% or more. However, if the silicon content is too high, there is a possibility that decarburization may occur due to the competition competition with carbon, and the upper limit of the silicon content is 2.0 because not only the workability before quenching, but also segregation increases, like carbon. It is preferable to set it as%.
- Manganese is an important element for securing strength by improving the hardenability of steel, and it is preferable to contain the content of 0.05% or more. However, when the content of manganese is too high, not only the workability before quenching but also the precipitation of MnS, which adversely affects segregation and fatigue life, increases, so the content of manganese is preferably 0.45% or less.
- chromium improves the hardenability of steel and gives hardening ability, it is preferable to add 0.1% or more since it is an effective element to refine the structure of steel. However, when the content of chromium is excessive, the effect is saturated, so the content is preferably 1.6% or less.
- cerium is an element that is added to act as an inoculant and is effective for refining the steel structure, it is preferably added at least 0.01%. However, when the content of cerium is excessively high, the stability of the steelmaking process is considerably lowered and oxide formation proceeds rapidly, so that the effect of promoting equiaxed crystal formation is saturated, so the content of cerium is preferably 0.3% or less.
- the remainder consists of Fe and inevitable impurities.
- the Ce acts as an inoculant to form a Ce compound in the manufacture of the bearing steel of the present invention so that the austenite grains are non-uniformly nucleated. Play a role.
- the Ce compound may be Ce oxide, Ce carbide, Ce nitride, Ce sulfide, and the like, specifically, AlCe0 3 , Ce0 2 , Ce 2 0 3 , Ce 2 0 2 S, CeS and Ce 2 S 3, etc. Can be. Among these, Ce0 2 or Ce 2 O 3 is preferable, and Ce0 2 is more preferable.
- the Ce compound preferably has a casting structure and lattice mismatch by the casting of 15% or less. If the lattice mismatch exceeds 15%, the heterogeneous nucleation of the austenite crystal grains starting from the Ce compound becomes difficult, and thus, the lattice mismatch with the cast structure is preferably 15% or less because the miniaturization effect of the equiaxed crystal cannot be expected.
- the average particle diameter of the Ce compound is preferably not more than 20 / m eu also the Ce compound with 5-200 / ⁇ 2 It is preferable to distribute uniformly.
- the average particle diameter of the Ce compound exceeds 20 /, the effect of the inoculant as a nonuniform nucleation site of austenite grains is insufficient.
- the number of Ce compounds is less than 5 / ⁇ 2, the generated equiaxed crystals are coarse without refinement, and if the number exceeds 200 / mrf, the effect is overlapped and saturated, so the number is less than 200 Aniif. It is preferable to set it as.
- the manufacturing method of the bearing steel of the present invention will be described in detail.
- the bearing steel of the present invention is produced by refining molten iron and casting to produce bearing steel using Ce compound as an inoculant.
- the Ce compound acts as an inoculant in the manufacture of the bearing steel so that austenite grains ensure grain refinement through heterogeneous nucleation.
- a compound containing Ce is added during refining of the molten iron, and in weight%, C: 0.5-1.2%, Si: 0.15-2.0%, Mn: 0.05-0.45%, P: 0.025% or less (excluding 0), S: 0.025% or less (excluding 0), Cr: 0.1-1.6%, Ce: A molten steel is produced containing 0.01-0.3%, the remainder Fe and inevitable impurities.
- the Ce-containing compound is distinguished from the Ce compound described as the inoculant.
- the Ce-containing compound may be a Ce compound that acts as an inoculant, specifically Ce oxide, Ce carbide, Ce nitride, Ce sulfide, or the like, and may be added during refining to form the Ce compound through a reaction. It even includes substances.
- These materials are of various kinds, and specific examples thereof include Fe-Al-Ce-based ferroalloy.
- the Fe-Al-Ce-based alloy iron can also be varied in its type depending on its content. Casting molten steel that satisfies the composition. The casting is by a conventional method for producing bearing steel, and the method is not particularly limited. Ingot casting method and continuous casting method can be applied.
- Bearing steel that satisfies the composition of Table 1 was cast.
- the casting was performed by a conventional continuous casting method.
- the comparative example shows the most conventional bearing steel used, Inventive Examples 1 to 3 reduced the content of Mn and added Ce compared with the comparative example, Mn is added less to reduce segregation and MnS precipitation amount It was.
- Table 1
- Electron probe microanalysis analyzing the distribution pattern of each element of Comparative Example and Inventive Example 2 in order to confirm that the grain refinement effect of the bearing steel casting segregation zone by the addition of Ce appears to reduce segregation.
- Probe X-ray Micro Analysis was performed, and the results are shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, respectively.
- Figure 4 (a) in the comparative example it can be seen that the segregation of Mn, Cr, C is severe, but in Example 2 shown in Figure 4 (b) is significantly reduced compared to the comparative example You can check it.
- the effect of the refinement of equiaxed crystal grains and reduction of segregation through the children is because the added Ce forms a compound in molten steel and acts as an inoculant that causes austenite grains to be heterogeneously nucleated.
- the CeO 2 oxide observed at the triple junction between the nit grains was observed and shown in FIG. 5.
- the effect of the addition of Ce isotropic grain refinement and segregation reduction effect have been shown to greatly reduce the formation of large carbides in the casting segregation zone. 6 (a),
- FIG. 6B is a photograph of observation of the large carbide microstructure in the segregation zone in Comparative Example and Inventive Example 2, respectively, as shown in Figure 6 (a), while in the comparative example about 125 / m giant carbide was observed In Inventive Example 2 shown in FIG. 6B, giant carbide of about 43 m was observed.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/813,963 US9062359B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2011-08-05 | High carbon chromium bearing steel, and preparation method thereof |
JP2013523096A JP6038026B2 (ja) | 2010-08-06 | 2011-08-05 | 高炭素クロム軸受鋼及びその製造方法 |
CN201180037580.6A CN103201399B (zh) | 2010-08-06 | 2011-08-05 | 高碳铬轴承钢及其制备方法 |
EP11814839.4A EP2602349B1 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2011-08-05 | High carbon chromium bearing steel, and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR10-2010-0075869 | 2010-08-06 | ||
KR1020100075869A KR101271899B1 (ko) | 2010-08-06 | 2010-08-06 | 고탄소 크롬 베어링강 및 그 제조방법 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2012018239A2 true WO2012018239A2 (ko) | 2012-02-09 |
WO2012018239A3 WO2012018239A3 (ko) | 2012-05-03 |
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PCT/KR2011/005745 WO2012018239A2 (ko) | 2010-08-06 | 2011-08-05 | 고탄소 크롬 베어링강 및 그 제조방법 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9062359B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2602349B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP6038026B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101271899B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN103201399B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2012018239A2 (ko) |
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CN105950951B (zh) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-07-27 | 重庆大学 | 一种通过添加稀土元素改善钢坯中溶质碳偏析的方法 |
KR101918720B1 (ko) | 2016-12-19 | 2018-11-14 | 주식회사 포스코 | 무방향성 전기강판 및 그 제조방법 |
CN107119239A (zh) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-01 | 龙南日升昌新材料研发有限公司 | 轴承钢及其制备方法 |
WO2018188008A1 (zh) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-18 | 龙南日升昌新材料研发有限公司 | 轴承钢及其制备方法 |
CN107326252A (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-11-07 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | 一种高抗疲劳弹簧钢的制备方法 |
CN109252087A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-22 | 北京科技大学 | 轴承钢中添加Ce抑制TiN复合夹杂物形成的合金工艺 |
CN111349855B (zh) * | 2020-03-25 | 2021-06-18 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种采用二火成材工艺生产的btzc15轴承钢及其生产方法 |
CN111304536A (zh) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-19 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种含稀土btzc15轴承钢及其生产方法 |
CN111589870B (zh) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-04-15 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种采用Φ200mm圆管坯生产稀土轴承无缝钢管的方法 |
CN111441003A (zh) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-24 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种含稀土轴承圆管坯 |
CN114990447B (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-12-27 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种合金材料、扩孔模及加工处理工艺 |
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2011
- 2011-08-05 WO PCT/KR2011/005745 patent/WO2012018239A2/ko active Application Filing
- 2011-08-05 JP JP2013523096A patent/JP6038026B2/ja active Active
- 2011-08-05 EP EP11814839.4A patent/EP2602349B1/en active Active
- 2011-08-05 US US13/813,963 patent/US9062359B2/en active Active
- 2011-08-05 CN CN201180037580.6A patent/CN103201399B/zh active Active
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JPH06248302A (ja) | 1993-02-23 | 1994-09-06 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 水素吸蔵合金の活性化方法 |
JPH07299550A (ja) | 1994-05-09 | 1995-11-14 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 軸受鋼の製造方法 |
JPH08132205A (ja) | 1994-11-10 | 1996-05-28 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 連続鋳造における鋳片の中心偏析改善方法及び装置 |
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Title |
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See also references of EP2602349A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2013537586A (ja) | 2013-10-03 |
US20130139991A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
US9062359B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
KR101271899B1 (ko) | 2013-06-05 |
WO2012018239A3 (ko) | 2012-05-03 |
JP6038026B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
EP2602349A2 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
CN103201399B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
CN103201399A (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
EP2602349B1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
KR20120013710A (ko) | 2012-02-15 |
EP2602349A4 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
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