WO2011162101A1 - 塩素バイパスダストの処理方法及び処理装置 - Google Patents
塩素バイパスダストの処理方法及び処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011162101A1 WO2011162101A1 PCT/JP2011/063133 JP2011063133W WO2011162101A1 WO 2011162101 A1 WO2011162101 A1 WO 2011162101A1 JP 2011063133 W JP2011063133 W JP 2011063133W WO 2011162101 A1 WO2011162101 A1 WO 2011162101A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- chlorine bypass
- bypass dust
- chlorine
- cement
- Prior art date
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- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/60—Methods for eliminating alkali metals or compounds thereof, e.g. from the raw materials or during the burning process; methods for eliminating other harmful components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/436—Special arrangements for treating part or all of the cement kiln dust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating high chlorine concentration chlorine bypass dust recovered from a chlorine bypass system attached to a cement manufacturing facility.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and prevents an increase in drug costs and heavy metal concentration in the clinker, while ensuring the stability of the cement quality, and the chlorine bypass.
- the purpose is to treat dust.
- the present invention is a method for treating chlorine bypass dust, in which a portion of combustion gas is extracted from a kiln exhaust gas passage from a kiln bottom of a cement kiln to a lowermost cyclone while cooling a part of the combustion gas.
- the chlorine bypass facility for recovering chlorine bypass dust having a high chlorine concentration from the extracted gas the slurry containing the chlorine bypass dust and SO 2 gas or / and CO 2 gas are contacted to obtain a solid content. To do.
- a slurry containing the chlorine bypass dust by contacting the SO 2 gas and / or CO 2 gas, CaO and Ca (OH) 2 and gypsum in the slurry (CaSO 4), or / and It can be recovered as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), and a solid content with a low content of CaO and Ca (OH) 2 can be obtained.
- the slurry containing the chlorine bypass dust can be brought into contact with the exhaust gas of the chlorine bypass facility and / or the exhaust gas of the cement kiln.
- the said solid content can be supplied to a cement finishing process. Because the content of CaO and Ca (OH) 2 in the solids is low, it is unlikely to affect the physical properties such as setting time, and the chlorine bypass dust should be treated while ensuring the stability of the cement quality. Can do.
- reaction time of the slurry containing the chlorine bypass dust and the SO 2 gas and / or CO 2 gas can be determined by one or more selected from the above.
- the chlorine bypass dust treatment method after adjusting the pH of the slurry containing the chlorine bypass dust after contacting the SO 2 gas or / and CO 2 gas, solids can be obtained,
- the pH of the slurry can be adjusted to 7.0 or more and 10.5 or less.
- the heavy metal precipitated by pH adjustment can be unevenly distributed on the solid content side, the treatment cost of chemicals required for wastewater treatment can be reduced, and the circulation concentration of heavy metals in the cement firing system can be suppressed. it can.
- the present invention is a chlorine bypass dust treatment apparatus, wherein a part of the combustion gas is extracted from the kiln exhaust gas flow path from the bottom of the kiln of the cement kiln to the lowermost cyclone, and extracted from the extracted gas.
- a slurry containing chlorine bypass dust is brought into contact with SO 2 gas or / and CO 2 gas, whereby CaO and Ca (OH) 2 in the slurry are converted into CaSO 4 or / and CaCO.
- SO 2 gas or / and CO 2 gas whereby CaO and Ca (OH) 2 in the slurry are converted into CaSO 4 or / and CaCO.
- FIG. 1 shows a chlorine bypass facility provided with a first embodiment of a chlorine bypass dust treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
- This chlorine bypass facility 1 is connected from the kiln bottom of a cement kiln 2 to a lowermost cyclone (not shown).
- the probe 3 for extracting while cooling a part of the combustion gas G
- the cyclone 4 for separating the coarse dust D1 contained in the extracted gas G1 extracted by the probe 3, and the cyclone 4
- the heat exchanger 5 that cools the extracted gas G2 containing the fine powder D2 discharged from the air
- the bag filter 6 that collects the extracted gas G3 from the heat exchanger 5, and the heat exchanger 5 and the bag filter 6 that are discharged.
- a dust tank 7 for temporarily storing the dust (D3 + D4), after the dust (chlorine bypass dust) D5 discharged from the dust tank 7 was dissolved in water, sO 2 and C
- the dissolution reaction tank 8 is reacted with 2 gas, and a solid-liquid separator 9 or the like for solid-liquid separation the discharged slurry S from the dissolution reaction tank 8. Since the configuration of the probe 3 to the dust tank 7 is the same as that of the conventional chlorine bypass facility, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the dust D5 from the dust tank 7 is slurried using water (or hot water) and the exhaust gas G4 containing SO 2 gas from the bag filter 6 and / or CO 2 from the cement kiln 2.
- Exhaust gas G5 containing gas is supplied to react the calcium compound contained in the slurry with SO 2 gas and CO 2 gas.
- a packed tower, a perforated plate tower, a venturi scrubber, a spray tower, a mixing type scrubber or a diffuser can be used, and these may be either a continuous type or a batch type.
- the exhaust gas G4 introduced into the dissolution reaction tank 8 may be the whole amount or a part thereof.
- the introduction of the entire amount is preferable because the acidic gas contained in the exhaust gas G4 can be removed.
- a part of the exhaust gas G4 not introduced into the dissolution reaction tank 8 and the gas discharged from the dissolution reaction tank 8 are introduced into a kiln exhaust gas system such as a preheater or a preheater outlet.
- the solid-liquid separator 9 is provided for solid-liquid separation of the slurry S reacted with the exhaust gas G4 and the exhaust gas G5 in the dissolution reaction tank 8, and a filter press, a centrifuge, a belt filter, or the like can be used.
- a part G of the combustion gas from the kiln exhaust gas flow path from the kiln bottom of the cement kiln 2 to the lowermost cyclone is cooled by cold air from a cooling fan (not shown) in the probe 3, and crystallites of chlorine compound are crystallized. Is generated. Since the fine crystals of the chlorine compound are unevenly distributed on the fine powder side of the dust contained in the extraction gas G1, the coarse powder D1 classified by the cyclone 4 is returned to the cement kiln system.
- the extraction gas G2 containing the fine powder D2 separated by the cyclone 4 is introduced into the heat exchanger 5 to perform heat exchange between the extraction gas G2 and the medium.
- the extraction gas G3 cooled by the heat exchange is introduced into the bag filter 6, and the dust D4 contained in the extraction gas G3 is collected in the bag filter 6.
- the dust D4 collected by the bag filter 6 is once stored in the dust tank 7 together with the dust D3 discharged from the heat exchanger 5 and introduced into the dissolution reaction tank 8.
- the dust D5 introduced into the dissolution reaction tank 8 is mixed with water in the dissolution reaction tank 8 to become a slurry S.
- CaO, CaCO 3 and Ca (OH) 2 are mixed as calcium compounds, but CaO and Ca (OH) 2 are included in SO 2 and exhaust gas G5 contained in the exhaust gas G4. It reacts with CO 2 and is converted to CaSO 4 and CaCO 3 .
- the reduction rate of the exhaust gases G4 and G5 in the dissolution reaction vessel 8 (the reduction rate of SO 2 and CO 2 gas), the dissolution reaction vessel
- the residence time of the slurry S in the dissolution reaction tank 8 is adjusted by the pH of the slurry in 8 and the chemical analysis value of the dust D5.
- the slurry S discharged from the dissolution reaction tank 8 is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the solid-liquid separator 9, and the obtained solid content C is supplied to the cement finishing process.
- the filtrate L discharged from the solid-liquid separator 9 contains salt and heavy metal
- the salt and heavy metal treatment can be performed by adding it to the cement finishing process while considering the quality of the cement as a product. It can be carried out.
- the filtrate L that could not be added to the cement finishing process is discharged after the salt and heavy metal are recovered.
- CaO and Ca (OH) 2 that may affect the quality of the product are reacted with SO 2 and CO 2 gas to react with CaSO.
- the solid material obtained by dehydration is supplied to the cement finishing process, so it is possible to produce cement with a low CaO and Ca (OH) 2 content, setting time, etc.
- the chlorine bypass dust can be treated while ensuring the stability of the cement quality without affecting the physical properties of the cement.
- This embodiment is characterized in that a pH adjusting tank 12 is provided between the dissolution reaction tank 8 and the solid-liquid separator 9 of the chlorine bypass facility 1 shown in FIG. This is the same as the bypass facility 1. Therefore, in FIG. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- a slurry S1 in which CaO, Ca (OH) 2 reacts with SO 2 and CO 2 and is converted into CaSO 4 and CaCO 3 is supplied from the dissolution reaction tank 8 to the pH adjustment tank 12.
- PH 7.0 to 10.5 is adjusted with a pH adjuster such as acid (H 2 SO 4 , H 2 CO 3 , HCl, etc.), alkali (NaOH, Ca (OH) 2, etc.) Heavy metals contained are precipitated.
- the heavy metal can be unevenly distributed on the solid content side. It is possible to reduce the processing cost of the chemicals required for the processing, and it is possible to suppress the heavy metal circulation concentration in the cement firing system.
- the dissolution reaction tank 8 and the pH adjustment tank 12 are provided separately, but the reaction of the calcium compound and SO 2 gas and the pH adjustment can be simultaneously performed in one tank. it can.
- separated with the cyclone was returned to the kiln type
- the coarse powder D1 is further classified,
- separated predetermined chlorine content is made into the melt
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2 セメントキルン
3 プローブ
4 サイクロン
5 熱交換器
6 バグフィルタ
7 ダストタンク
8 溶解反応槽
9 固液分離機
10 電気集塵機
12 pH調整槽
Claims (7)
- セメントキルンの窯尻から最下段サイクロンに至るまでのキルン排ガス流路より燃焼ガスの一部を冷却しながら抽気し、該抽気ガスから高塩素濃度の塩素バイパスダストを回収する塩素バイパス設備において、
前記塩素バイパスダストを含むスラリーと、SO2ガス又は/及びCO2ガスを接触させて固形分を得ることを特徴とする塩素バイパスダストの処理方法。 - 前記塩素バイパスダストを含むスラリーと、前記塩素バイパス設備の排ガス又は/及び前記セメントキルンの排ガスとを接触させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の塩素バイパスダストの処理方法。
- 前記固形分をセメント仕上工程に供給することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の塩素バイパスダストの処理方法。
- 前記固形分を得る際の前記SO2ガス又は/及びCO2ガスの減少率、前記SO2ガス又は/及びCO2ガスとの接触後のスラリーのpH及び前記塩素バイパスダストの化学分析値から選択される一以上によって、前記塩素バイパスダストを含むスラリーと前記SO2ガス又は/及びCO2ガスの反応時間を決定することを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3に記載の塩素バイパスダストの処理方法。
- 前記SO2ガス又は/及びCO2ガスを接触させた後の前記塩素バイパスダストを含むスラリーのpHを調整した後、固形分を得ることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の塩素バイパスダストの処理方法。
- 前記SO2ガス又は/及びCO2ガスとの接触後のスラリーのpHを、7.0以上10.5以下に調整することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の塩素バイパスダストの処理方法。
- セメントキルンの窯尻から最下段サイクロンに至るまでのキルン排ガス流路より燃焼ガスの一部を冷却しながら抽気し、該抽気ガスから回収した高塩素濃度の塩素バイパスダストをスラリー化する溶解槽と、
該溶解槽にSO2ガス又は/及びCO2ガスを導入するガス導入装置と、
前記溶解槽から排出されたスラリーを固液分離する固液分離装置とを備えることを特徴とする塩素バイパスダストの処理装置。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/806,297 US9695086B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2011-06-08 | Treatment device and treatment method for chlorine bypass dust |
CN201180030575.2A CN102947240B (zh) | 2010-06-22 | 2011-06-08 | 氯旁路灰尘的处理方法及处理装置 |
JP2012521421A JP5833002B2 (ja) | 2010-06-22 | 2011-06-08 | 塩素バイパスダストの処理方法 |
KR1020137001241A KR101822025B1 (ko) | 2010-06-22 | 2011-06-08 | 염소 바이패스 더스트의 처리 방법 및 처리 장치 |
EP11797987.2A EP2586753A4 (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2011-06-08 | TREATMENT DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TREATING DUST FROM A BYPASS SYSTEM FOR CHLORINE |
HK13106905.6A HK1179242A1 (zh) | 2010-06-22 | 2013-06-11 | 氯旁路灰塵的處理方法及處理裝置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010-141201 | 2010-06-22 | ||
JP2010141201 | 2010-06-22 |
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WO2011162101A1 true WO2011162101A1 (ja) | 2011-12-29 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2011/063133 WO2011162101A1 (ja) | 2010-06-22 | 2011-06-08 | 塩素バイパスダストの処理方法及び処理装置 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9695086B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2586753A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5833002B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101822025B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102947240B (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1179242A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011162101A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2586753A1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
CN102947240B (zh) | 2015-08-12 |
KR101822025B1 (ko) | 2018-01-25 |
US9695086B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
EP2586753A4 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
JPWO2011162101A1 (ja) | 2013-08-19 |
JP5833002B2 (ja) | 2015-12-16 |
CN102947240A (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
KR20130116068A (ko) | 2013-10-22 |
HK1179242A1 (zh) | 2013-09-27 |
US20130192497A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
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