Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
  • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
  • B01J20/0225—Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
  • B01J20/0229—Compounds of Fe
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
  • B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
  • B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
  • B01J20/165—Natural alumino-silicates, e.g. zeolites
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
  • B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
  • B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
  • B01J20/2805—Sorbents inside a permeable or porous casing, e.g. inside a container, bag or membrane
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
  • B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
  • B01J20/28066—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being more than 1000 m2/g
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
  • B01J20/3042—Use of binding agents; addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the produced sorbent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
  • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
  • B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials

Definitions

• This invention relates generally to oxygen absorbers and more particularly, to oxygen absorbers including iron and one or more oxygen and water absorbing feldspars such as Chabazite and
• oxygen absorbers There has been wide use of oxygen absorbers in the area of packaged foods and over-the-counter medicines and pharmaceutical medicines.
• the use of oxygen absorbers leads to the longer shelf life of foods and medical products. These products have a tendency to decay or chemically react. These chemical reactions may decrease the efficiency of the medicine.
• the oxidation of food products causes them to lose flavor and in some cases become not edible.
• the known commercial oxygen absorbers generally comprise iron, salt and some water in order to activate the iron. Other ingredients also may be utilized and are known for use in oxygen absorption such as activated carbon and special polymers that are activated by ultraviolet radiation.
• oxygen absorbers containing activated iron or polymer materials that may be activated by ultraviolet radiation are expensive and there is a need for a lower-cost oxygen absorber.
• a lower-cost oxygen absorber would allow more materials to be
• This invention relates generally to an oxygen absorber including iron and a high chloride zeolite.
• the present invention has numerous advantages over prior products.
• the invention provides a lower-cost oxygen absorber.
• the invention is desirable in that significant hydrogen is not given off during oxygen absorption. Further, significant heat is not generated during oxygen absorption.
• the invention oxygen absorber is lower in cost and safe for both food and pharmaceutical products.
• the invention material further absorbs water and will provide some dehydration of a product if needed as well as activating the iron.
• the combination of the invention zeolites with iron in an oxygen absorbing composition surprising results in very efficient oxygen absorption without the generation of significant hydrogen gas.
• the zeolites and activated iron particles are generally combined with activated carbon which apparently serves to act as a catalyst to aid in the generation of electrolyte material utilizing the zeolite as well as increasing the oxygen absorbent capacity of the composition.
• the composition generally contains a lubricant and mixing aid such as glycerin to aid in the mixing of the iron particles, zeolites and carbon. It is been found that the reaction to absorb oxygen is slower without the carbon present.
• a coconut shell activated carbon is preferred for its activity in catalyzing the oxygen absorption.
• the activated carbon also is capable of absorbing some oxygen.
• Any natural or artificial zeolite or mixture of zeolites which provides the desired oxygen absorption is suitable for the invention.
• Zeolites that have the ability to absorb water in an amount of greater than 50% of their weight are preferred. It is further preferred that they have a significant halogen content of sodium and/or potassium.
• Typical of suitable zeolites are Erionite, Mordenite, and Philipsite.
• Preferred for the invention are Chabazite and Clinoptilolite or mixtures of these materials because these materials absorb greater than 50% by weight water and contain soluble halogens, particularly chloride. It is theorized that the reason hydrogen is not given off with the invention
• compositions is that the material in the zeolite such as sodium, potassium, and silica reacts to create hydroxides rather than releasing the hydrogen. It is also found that mixtures of two or more zeolites will still produce desirable results.
• the primary oxygen scavenger may be any suitable metal material that is activated by water.
• the oxygen scavenger would be a transition metal powder such as iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and others known from prior art.
• a preferred oxygen scavenger is reduced iron powder.
• the iron based oxygen scavenging materials can be any type used in the prior art including those described in U.S. Patent No. 6,899,822; U.S. Patent Application Nos. 2005/0205841 and
• the current invention is particularly focused on preferred iron-based powders with a mean particle size of 1 - 1 00 ⁇ .
• the iron particles in one embodiment are mixed and/or pre-coated with activating and oxidation reaction promoter particles to form a
• each particle contains all necessary components for efficient oxygen scavenging except water, carbon, and zeolite.
• the types of iron that can be used are hydrogen reduced iron, especially sponge grade hydrogen reduced iron, annealed electrolytically reduced iron and carbonyl iron.
• the hydrogen reduced sponge grade iron is preferred because it has been found that it functions significantly better than other irons. It is believed that this better functioning is due to the fact that the sponge grade hydrogen reduced iron has a much larger surface area per unit weight because the surface is larger than the surface of annealed electrolytically reduced iron which is spherical.
• other types of iron including but not limited to non-annealed electrolytically reduced iron can also be used in addition to the various irons noted above.
• the majority of the iron may have a size of between about 1 50 microns and 1 micron, and more preferably between about 1 00 microns and 5 microns, and most preferably between about 50 microns and 5 microns.
• the sodium bisulfate may be present by weight in an unt of between about 1 % and 30%, and more preferably betwee about 4% and 20%, and most preferably between about 5% and 1 8% of the iron by weight.
• the majority of the sodium bisulfate may have a size of between about 1 50 microns and 1 micron, and more preferably between about 1 00 microns and 5 microns, and most preferably between about 50 microns and 5 microns.
• the sodium bisulfate or any other acidifier may be applied as a solution to the iron and the solvent can then be removed, leaving a deposit of the acidifier on the iron.
• acids and acid salts will function satisfactorily as the acidifier.
• these may include, without limitation, fumaric acid, sodium diacetate, citric acid and sodium salt of acetic acid.
• These other acidifiers may be of the same size ranges and be used in the relative proportions with respect to the sodium bisulfate, depending on their relative molecular weights and acidity.
• any suitable activated carbon may be utilized in the invention.
• the activated carbon would have an average particle size between 0.1 5mm and 1 .0mm.
• a preferred size is between 0.1 5mm and 0.5 mm.
• a more preferred size is between 0.1 5mm and 0.25mm for good water and gas absorption.
• Activated carbon is very porous and therefore has a very high surface area. Activated carbon is suitable in this invention both to hold water and to absorb odors from the packaged food products.
• the materials are formed in two separate batches and then combined. They are mixed in one batch that may be called a solid mixture and another batch which may be called a liquid mixture. These two mixtures are combined with further mixing to create the invention oxygen absorber.
• the solid mixture generally comprises between 5 and 50% by weight carbon, between 1 0 and 75% by weight of iron and between 5 to 60% by weight of zeolite. Usually the solid mixture also would contain a small amount of a lubricant or mixing aid such as glycerin in and amount of between 3 and 1 5% by weight. A preferred amount of these materials is between 1 0 and 30% carbon, between 45 and 55% iron, and between 20 and 30% zeolite to provide sufficient iron for oxygen absorption, sufficient zeolite for absorbing moisture and reacting to form hydroxides, and sufficient carbon for catalyzing the reaction and also absorbing water.
• a lubricant or mixing aid such as glycerin in and amount of between 3 and 1 5% by weight.
• a preferred amount of these materials is between 1 0 and 30% carbon, between 45 and 55% iron, and between 20 and 30% zeolite to provide sufficient iron for oxygen absorption, sufficient zeolite for absorbing moisture and reacting to form hydroxides, and sufficient carbon for catalyzing the reaction
• the sodium chloride is utilized in amount of between 1 0 and 20% to the form sufficient electrolyte, optionally potassium carbonate in an amount of between 1 and 4%, sodium or potassium thiosulfate in an amount 0.5% and 2%. Water will form the remainder of the liquid mixture.
• the thiosulfate is believed to provide some acidity and increase the speed of oxygen absorption.
• the solid mixture and liquid mixture are combined with about 80% by weight solid mixture and about 20% of the liquid mixture.
• the oxygen absorption composition of the invention may be utilized in a variety of ways. Generally the mixture of the liquid and solid components is carried out and then the materials are dried to form particles. These particles may be placed in a sachet or container that is permeable to water vapor and oxygen. The oxygen absorbing particles are brought into gaseous contact with the oxygen in the package. The sachet or container is then placed into a package of food or medicine.
• the oxygen absorption composition of the invention further may be utilized in treatment of blood so as to remove oxygen and increase storage time. The blood would pass through an oxygen permeable tube with the absorbent material adjacent to the tube.
• the particular oxygen scavenger (oxygen absorber) of the invention may also be combined with a polymer and cast into a sheet for use as an oxygen absorber or may be placed into a label in order to be fastened to a package for oxygen absorption.
• the utilization of such labels is known from U.S. Patent No. 6, 1 39,935-Cullen and U.S. Patent No. 5,641 ,425-McKedy.
• the oxygen absorber if formed into a sheet may be utilized to form bags or wrappers for food or medicine.
• the sheet further may be cut into pieces and placed in packages, bottles, blister packs, or glued onto the inner surface of packages perhaps as a label.
• the ingredients are combined as follows: a) Combine the iron, chabazite, glycerin, and carbon in the mixer which can be, for example, a Forberg 1 8 cubic foot, 1 ,080 pound mixer with an integral chopper; add the glycerin solution to the liquid feed tank and mix while adding liquid for eight minutes. b) Then mix and chop for two minutes.
• the finished mix should be unloaded into four drums with double liners. Secure the liners with twist-ties, close the drums and label the drums.
• the process proceeds as follows: a) Add the iron, chabazite, Clinoptilolite, and carbon to a Forberg mixer mix for two minutes. b) Add the Klucel EF1 2 electrolyte solution to the mixer liquid feed tank and simultaneously mix and add the liquid for twelve minutes. c) Then scrape down the sides of the mixer and
• the finished mix should be unloaded into four drums with double liners. Secure the liners with twist-ties, close the drums and label the drums.
• the mixed product is allowed rest for 24 hours before being used.
• Oxygen absorber is made using the same method as described in Example 1 except the formulation used is as follows: a) 564 pounds of activated iron 1 00 mesh; b) 1 1 .6 pounds of electrolytic iron 1 00 mesh; c) 247.2 pounds of Clinoptilolite 50 mesh; d) 247.2 pounds of activated carbon 50 mesh coconut shell; and e) 1 08 pounds of glycerine.
• the oxygen absorber is provided in vapor permeable, water impermeable spunbond polypropylene sachets.
• the sachets are prepared generally as follows: the dry mixture is prepared, water and the electrolyte are mixed together, and the dry oxygen absorber mixture and water/electrolyte mixtures are dispensed into a sachet and the sachet is sealed.
• the sachet is preferably placed in an oxygen impermeable container for storage prior to use.
• the catalytic effect of the carbon is dependent on the structure of the activated carbon and the surface area.
• a gram of activated carbon has the internal surface area of about 1 ,200 square meters per frame. The greater the internal surface area the greater the catalytic affect.
• Activated carbons with high internal surface area offer many sites for surface catalyzed reactions. The functional groups on the pore surface are believed to play an important role in the surface catalyzed reactions.
• oxygen absorbers made in accordance with this invention have the following benefits: a) Binder with lower water content, reducing the chance of preactivation and overall lower water activity for the product; b) Introduction of chabazite or Clinoptilolite, natural zeolites which is theorized to act as a catalyst to the oxygen absorption reaction through the presence of chloride ions at a concentration of 2; c) The optional addition of a poly alcohol aids mixing conditions and facilitates the electrolytic reactions; and d) The polyol also provides functionality at low
• Oxygen absorbers made in accordance with this invention provide increased rates of absorption for many food applications along with shorter lifetimes before the absorption commences.
• the Applicant believes that the present invention provides improved oxygen adsorption with enhanced electrolyte reactions and also shorter lag times before adsorption begins.
• the oxygen absorber of the invention does not become as hot as previously known absorbers when exposed to oxygen for an appreciable time.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
• Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
• Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
• Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
• Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-06-10 JP JP2013514385A patent/JP2013534467A/ja active Pending
  • 2011-06-10 AU AU2011265288A patent/AU2011265288A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-06-10 CN CN2011800384788A patent/CN103037963A/zh active Pending
  • 2011-06-10 WO PCT/US2011/039967 patent/WO2011156704A2/en active Application Filing
  • 2011-06-10 MX MX2012014444A patent/MX2012014444A/es unknown
  • 2011-06-10 EP EP20110793235 patent/EP2579979A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-06-10 CA CA2802085A patent/CA2802085A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-06-10 BR BR112012031526A patent/BR112012031526A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-06-10 UY UY0001033451A patent/UY33451A/es unknown
  • 2011-06-10 AR ARP110102032 patent/AR081867A1/es unknown
  • 2011-06-10 KR KR1020137000582A patent/KR20130094770A/ko not_active Ceased
• 2012
  • 2012-12-07 CL CL2012003471A patent/CL2012003471A1/es unknown
  • 2012-12-10 CO CO12223125A patent/CO6602115A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation

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