WO2011125754A1 - 強誘電体デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
強誘電体デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011125754A1 WO2011125754A1 PCT/JP2011/058048 JP2011058048W WO2011125754A1 WO 2011125754 A1 WO2011125754 A1 WO 2011125754A1 JP 2011058048 W JP2011058048 W JP 2011058048W WO 2011125754 A1 WO2011125754 A1 WO 2011125754A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
- G01J5/34—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors using capacitors, e.g. pyroelectric capacitors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L28/00—Passive two-terminal components without a potential-jump or surface barrier for integrated circuits; Details thereof; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L28/40—Capacitors
- H01L28/55—Capacitors with a dielectric comprising a perovskite structure material
- H01L28/56—Capacitors with a dielectric comprising a perovskite structure material the dielectric comprising two or more layers, e.g. comprising buffer layers, seed layers, gradient layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N15/00—Thermoelectric devices without a junction of dissimilar materials; Thermomagnetic devices, e.g. using the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect
- H10N15/10—Thermoelectric devices using thermal change of the dielectric constant, e.g. working above and below the Curie point
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/072—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
- H10N30/073—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by fusion of metals or by adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/074—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing
- H10N30/079—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing using intermediate layers, e.g. for growth control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
- H10N30/304—Beam type
- H10N30/306—Cantilevers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ferroelectric device using the piezoelectric effect or pyroelectric effect of a ferroelectric film.
- ferroelectric devices utilizing the piezoelectric effect and pyroelectric effect of a ferroelectric film have attracted attention.
- ferroelectric device As an example of this type of ferroelectric device, a MEMS (micro electro mechanical systems) device having a ferroelectric film as a functional film has been proposed.
- pyroelectric devices such as power generation devices and actuators that use the piezoelectric effect of ferroelectric films, and pyroelectric infrared sensors that use the pyroelectric effect of ferroelectric films have been studied in various places as MEMS devices of this type.
- PZT Pb (Zr, Ti) O 3
- PZT Pb (Zr, Ti) O 3
- the material of the bonding layer is a metal such as Pd, In, Sn, Ni, Ga, Cu, Ag, Mo, Ti, Zr, and the bonding layer is formed on both the piezoelectric film and the diaphragm structure. And bonding the bonding layers by energization heating, conduction through voltage, or the like.
- the bonding layer (first bonding layer) formed on the diaphragm structure side is formed so as to straddle the plurality of bonding layers (second bonding layer) formed on the surfaces of the plurality of patterned piezoelectric films. is doing.
- Patent Document 1 describes that the intermediate transfer plate is peeled from the electrode by irradiating the intermediate transfer member with a laser beam that passes through the intermediate transfer member.
- Patent Document 1 describes that one electrode is constituted by the above-described electrode and the other electrode is constituted by the above-mentioned bonding layer.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described reasons, and its purpose is to improve the crystallinity and performance of the ferroelectric film, reduce the cost, and simplify the manufacturing process. It is in providing the manufacturing method of a body device.
- a method for manufacturing a ferroelectric device for achieving the above object is a method for manufacturing a ferroelectric device including a first substrate, a lower electrode, a ferroelectric film, and an upper electrode.
- the lower electrode is formed on one surface side of the first substrate.
- the ferroelectric film is formed on the opposite side of the lower electrode from the first substrate side.
- the upper electrode is formed on the opposite side of the ferroelectric film from the lower electrode side.
- the method for manufacturing a ferroelectric device includes a seed layer forming step, a ferroelectric layer forming step, a lower electrode forming step, a bonding step, and a transfer step.
- a seed layer having a predetermined pattern made of a metal material is formed on one surface side of the second substrate.
- the ferroelectric layer forming step is performed after the seed layer forming step.
- a ferroelectric layer made of a ferroelectric material is formed on one surface side of the second substrate.
- the lower electrode forming step is performed after the ferroelectric layer forming step.
- a lower electrode is formed on the ferroelectric layer.
- the joining process is performed after the lower electrode forming process.
- the bonding step the lower electrode and the first substrate are bonded via a bonding layer.
- the transfer process is performed after the joining process.
- laser light having a predetermined wavelength is irradiated from the other surface side of the second substrate, and the first portion of the ferroelectric film and the seed layer are transferred to the one surface side of the first substrate.
- the first portion of the ferroelectric film is defined as a portion of the ferroelectric layer that overlaps the seed layer.
- the laser light is light having a wavelength that passes through the second substrate.
- the laser beam having a predetermined wavelength is light having a wavelength reflected by the seed layer. Further, the laser light having a predetermined wavelength is light having a wavelength that is absorbed by the second portion of the ferroelectric layer.
- the second substrate has better matching with the ferroelectric film than the first substrate.
- the seed layer has good lattice matching with the ferroelectric film.
- a manufacturing method of a ferroelectric device includes a lower electrode formed on one surface side of a first substrate, and a ferroelectric film formed on the opposite side of the lower electrode from the first substrate side.
- An upper electrode formed on the opposite side of the ferroelectric film from the lower electrode side, and the ferroelectric film is formed of a ferroelectric material having a lattice constant difference from the first substrate.
- the material of the bonding layer is a metal that can be directly bonded to the lower electrode, and the bonding layer is formed on the one surface of the first substrate before the bonding step. It is preferable to form a pattern on the side.
- the material of the bonding layer is a room temperature curable resin adhesive.
- the predetermined wavelength is 400 nm or more.
- the predetermined wavelength is preferably 400 nm or more and 1100 nm or less.
- the predetermined wavelength is preferably 400 nm or more and 750 nm or less.
- the ferroelectric film is a pyroelectric film, and after the transfer process, a seed layer removing step of removing the seed layer is performed, and then on the ferroelectric film It is preferable to perform an upper electrode forming step of forming the upper electrode made of an infrared absorbing material.
- the lattice constant of the ferroelectric film has a first difference from the lattice constant of one substrate.
- the lattice constant of the ferroelectric film has a second difference from the lattice constant of the second substrate. The second difference is preferably smaller than the first difference.
- the second substrate has a first region and a second region on one surface thereof.
- the first region is preferably covered with a seed layer having a predetermined pattern.
- the second region is preferably exposed by a seed layer having a predetermined pattern.
- the first portion of the ferroelectric layer preferably overlaps with the first region.
- the second portion of the ferroelectric layer preferably overlaps with the second region.
- FIG. 6 is a main process sectional view for illustrating the method for manufacturing the ferroelectric device according to the first embodiment. It is a spectral characteristic figure of the material used at the time of manufacture of a ferroelectric device same as the above. It is principal process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the ferroelectric device same as the above. It is a schematic exploded perspective view of the same ferroelectric device. It is a schematic plan view of the principal part in a ferroelectric device same as the above. It is a general
- FIG. 10 is a main process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the ferroelectric device according to the second embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the application example of the ferroelectric device same as the above.
- the ferroelectric device according to the present embodiment is a power generation device that converts vibration energy caused by arbitrary vibration such as vibration of a car or vibration of a person into electric energy, and the ferroelectric film 24b described above is a piezoelectric film. Is configured.
- the first substrate 20 is formed using a silicon substrate (first silicon substrate), and includes a frame portion 21 and a cantilever portion that is disposed inside the frame portion 21 and is swingably supported by the frame portion 21. 22.
- the power generation device includes a first cover substrate 30 fixed to the frame portion 21 on the one surface side of the first substrate 20 (upper surface side: first surface side in FIG. 6).
- the power generation device includes a second cover substrate 10 fixed to the frame portion 21 on the other surface side of the first substrate 20 (the lower surface side in FIG. 6: the second surface side).
- the planar sizes of the lower electrode 24a, the ferroelectric film 24b, and the upper electrode 24c are set to be the same.
- an insulating layer 25 for preventing a short circuit between the metal wiring 26c electrically connected to the upper electrode 24c and the lower electrode 24a is provided on the one surface side (first surface side) of the first substrate 20, an insulating layer 25 for preventing a short circuit between the metal wiring 26c electrically connected to the upper electrode 24c and the lower electrode 24a is provided.
- the part 24 is formed so as to cover a part of the end on the frame part 21 side.
- the insulating layer 25 is composed of a silicon oxide film, but is not limited to a silicon oxide film, and may be composed of a silicon nitride film.
- insulating films 29a and 29b made of a silicon oxide film are formed on the one surface side (first surface side) and the other surface side (second surface side) of the first substrate 20, respectively.
- the first substrate 20 and the power generation unit 24 are electrically insulated by an insulating film 29a.
- the first cover substrate 30 is formed using a silicon substrate (second silicon substrate).
- the first cover substrate 30 is for forming a displacement space of the movable portion composed of the cantilever portion 22 and the weight portion 23 between the first substrate 20 and one surface of the first substrate 20 side.
- a recess 30b is formed.
- the insulating film 32 made of a silicon oxide film for preventing a short circuit between the two output electrodes 35, 35 is formed on the one surface side (first surface) of the first cover substrate 30. Side) and the other surface side (second surface side), and the through hole wirings 33, 33 are formed across the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 31 formed inside.
- an insulating substrate such as a glass substrate is used as the first cover substrate 30, such an insulating film 32 need not be provided.
- the second cover substrate 10 is formed using a silicon substrate (third silicon substrate). On one surface (first surface) of the second cover substrate 10 on the first substrate 20 side, a displacement space of a movable portion composed of the cantilever portion 22 and the weight portion 23 is formed between the first substrate 20 and the first cover 20. A recess 10b is formed. Note that an insulating substrate such as a glass substrate may also be used as the second cover substrate 10.
- a first bonding metal layer 28 for bonding to the first cover substrate 30 is formed on the one surface side (first surface side) of the first substrate 20, and the first cover is formed.
- a second bonding metal layer (not shown) bonded to the first bonding metal layer 28 is formed on the substrate 30.
- the material of the first bonding metal layer 28 the same material as that of the pad 27 c is employed, and the first bonding metal layer 28 is formed on the one surface side (first surface) of the first substrate 20. The same thickness as that of the pad 27 is formed on the surface side).
- the first substrate 20 and the cover substrates 10 and 30 are bonded by the room temperature bonding method, but are not limited to the room temperature bonding method, and are bonded by, for example, a resin bonding method using an epoxy resin, an anodic bonding method, or the like. May be.
- a resin bonding method if a room temperature curable resin adhesive (for example, a two-part room temperature curable epoxy resin adhesive, a one part room temperature curable epoxy resin adhesive) is used, a thermosetting resin adhesive is used. Compared to the case of using a thermosetting epoxy resin adhesive (for example), the bonding temperature can be lowered.
- the power generation unit 24 includes the piezoelectric conversion unit including the lower electrode 24a, the ferroelectric film 24b that is a piezoelectric film, and the upper electrode 24c.
- the ferroelectric film 24b of the portion 24 receives stress, and a bias of electric charge occurs between the upper electrode 24c and the lower electrode 24a, and an AC voltage is generated in the power generation portion 24.
- the power generation device employs PZT, which is a kind of lead-based piezoelectric material, as the ferroelectric material of the ferroelectric film 24b.
- PZT is a kind of lead-based piezoelectric material
- the silicon substrate (first silicon substrate) having a (100) surface is used, but the lead-based piezoelectric material is not limited to PZT, for example, PZT-PMN (: Pb (Mn, Nb) O 3 ) Or PZT to which other impurities are added may be used.
- the ferroelectric material of the ferroelectric film 24b is a ferroelectric material having a lattice constant difference from that of the first substrate 20 (PZT, PZT-PMN, lead-based materials such as PZT doped with impurities). Oxide ferroelectric).
- the first silicon substrate used as the first substrate 20 is not limited to a single crystal silicon substrate (hereinafter referred to as a single crystal silicon substrate), and may be a polycrystalline silicon substrate.
- Au is used as the material of the lower electrode 24a
- Pt is used as the material of the upper electrode 24c.
- these materials are not particularly limited, and examples of the material of the lower electrode 24a include: Al may be employed, and as the material of the upper electrode 24c, for example, Mo, Al, Au, or the like may be employed.
- the thickness of the lower electrode 24a is set to 500 nm
- the thickness of the ferroelectric film 24b is set to 600 nm
- the thickness of the upper electrode 24c is set to 100 nm.
- the relative dielectric constant of the ferroelectric film 24b is ⁇ and the power generation index is P
- the relationship P ⁇ e 31 2 / ⁇ is established, and the power generation efficiency increases as the power generation index P increases.
- the second substrate 40 is prepared.
- the second substrate has a first surface on one surface side in the thickness direction, and has a second surface on the other surface side in the thickness direction.
- the second substrate 40 has a first region and a second region.
- the first region of the second substrate 40 is defined as a region where a seed layer 124c having a predetermined pattern is provided.
- the second region of the second substrate is defined as a region where the seed layer 124c is not provided. In other words, the second region of the second substrate is defined as the region exposed by the seed layer 124c.
- a ferroelectric layer 124b made of a ferroelectric material is formed on one surface side (first surface side) of the second substrate.
- Ferroelectric layer 124b includes a ferroelectric film 24b crystallized, and amorphous film 24b 2.
- the crystallized ferroelectric film 24b overlaps the seed layer 124c in the thickness direction of the seed layer 124c.
- the amorphous film 24b 2 is arranged on the one surface side (first surface side) of the second substrate so as to be shifted from the seed layer 124c.
- the first portion of the ferroelectric layer overlaps with the first region of the second substrate in the thickness direction of the second substrate.
- the second portion of the ferroelectric layer overlaps with the second region of the second substrate in the thickness direction of the second substrate.
- a lower electrode forming step for forming the lower electrode 24a on the ferroelectric layer 124b is performed, and then the lower electrode 24a and the first substrate 20 are connected via the bonding layer 51.
- the structure shown in FIG.1 (b) is obtained.
- the lower electrode formation step for example, the lower electrode 24a made of an Au layer (first Au layer) may be formed using a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, or the like.
- the second substrate 40 and the first substrate 20 are disposed to face each other, and then the lower electrode 24 a on the one surface side (first surface side) of the second substrate 40 and the first substrate 20.
- the bonding layer 51 includes a Ti layer on the insulating film 29a and an Au layer (second Au layer) on the Ti layer.
- This Ti layer is provided in order to improve the adhesion between the bonding layer 51 and the insulating film 29a, as compared with the case where the bonding layer 51 is composed of only the second Au layer.
- the insulating films 29a and 29b are formed by a thermal oxidation method, the thickness of the Ti layer is set to 15 to 50 nm, and the thickness of the second Au layer is set to 500 nm.
- the numerical value of is an example and is not particularly limited.
- the material of the adhesion layer for improving adhesion is not limited to Ti, and may be, for example, Cr, Nb, Zr, TiN, TaN, or the like.
- the second Au layer is not limited to the Au thin film but may be an Au fine particle layer in which a large number of Au fine particles are deposited.
- the lower electrode 24a made of the first Au layer and the bonding layer 51 having the second Au layer formed on the outermost surface are arranged to face each other, and then the lower electrode 24a and the bonding layer 51 are placed at room temperature. It can join by joining. That is, by performing this bonding process, the lower electrode 24 a and the first substrate 20 are bonded via the bonding layer 51.
- the combination of materials when the lower electrode 24a and the bonding layer 51 are bonded at room temperature is an Au—Au combination.
- each bonding surface is cleaned and activated by irradiating each bonding surface (the surfaces of the lower electrode 24a and the bonding layer 51) with argon plasma, ion beam or atomic beam in vacuum before bonding. Then, the bonding surfaces are brought into contact with each other and directly bonded by applying an appropriate load at room temperature.
- the degree of vacuum when irradiating an argon ion beam is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less
- the acceleration voltage is 100 V
- the irradiation time may be 160 seconds
- the bonding load may be 20 kN
- the bonding time may be 300 seconds.
- a laser beam LB having a predetermined wavelength that is transmitted through the second substrate 40 is irradiated from the other surface side of the second substrate 40 to form the ferroelectric layer 124b.
- a transfer process is performed in which the ferroelectric film 24 b and the seed layer 124 c overlapping the seed layer 124 c are transferred to the one surface side (first surface side) of the first substrate 20.
- the seed layer 124c is used as the upper electrode 24c. That is, in the present embodiment, in the transfer process, the laminated film of the ferroelectric film 24b and the upper electrode 24c is transferred.
- the second portion 24b 2 When the laser beam LB is absorbed by the second portion 24b 2 of the ferroelectric layer 124b, the second portion 24b 2 is rapidly heated. Thereby, the second portion 24b 2 is thermally expanded and partially thermally decomposed.
- the second portion 24b 2 When the second portion 24b 2 is thermally expanded and partially thermally decomposed, a difference in thermal expansion is instantaneously generated between the first portion 24b and the second portion 24b 2 . As a result, the second portion 24b 2 is separated from the first portion 24b at the interface between the second portion 24b 2 and the first portion 24b. Further, when the second portion 24b 2 expands, a force is generated in the direction away from the first substrate. As a result, the second substrate and the seed layer 124c are separated. Further, when the second portion 24b 2 is partially pyrolyzed, the adhesion strength between the lower electrode 24 and the second portion 24b 2 is lowered. Thereby, when the 1st board
- each of MgO, PZT, and Pt has spectral characteristics as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the materials of the second substrate 40, the ferroelectric layer 124b, and the seed layer 124c are MgO, PZT, and Pt, the predetermined wavelength of the laser beam LB may be set to 400 nm or more.
- the laser light source in this case for example, a femtosecond laser (for example, a Ti: sapphire laser) having a fundamental wavelength of 750 nm to 1100 nm may be used.
- a third harmonic of a KrF excimer laser having a wavelength of 248 nm, an ArF excimer laser having a wavelength of 193 nm, or a femtosecond laser may be used.
- the energy density of the laser beam LB may be about 5 to 15 mJ / mm 2 , for example.
- laser light LB that is directed to the ferroelectric film 24b of the ferroelectric layer 124b is reflected by the seed layer 124c. Therefore, since the ferroelectric film 24b does not absorb the laser beam LB, it is possible to prevent the physical properties of the ferroelectric film 24b from changing in the transfer process.
- the solid line arrows in FIG. 1 (c) the laser beam LB towards the seed layer 124c schematically shows, dashed arrows, the laser beam LB towards the second portion 24b 2 of the ferroelectric layer 124b Is schematically shown.
- the first substrate 20 and the second substrate 40 are separated to perform a peeling step for peeling the second substrate 40, thereby obtaining the structure shown in FIG.
- a lower electrode patterning step for patterning the lower electrode 24a using a photolithography technique and an etching technique is performed, whereby a metal wiring 26a and a pad made up of the lower electrode 24a and a part of the lower electrode 24a before patterning are performed.
- 27a (the lower electrode 24a after patterning, the metal wiring 26a, and the pad 27a can be regarded as one lower electrode 24a).
- an insulating layer forming step for forming the insulating layer 25 on the one surface side (first surface side) of the first substrate 20 is performed.
- the metal wiring 26c and the pad 27c are formed into a thin film such as a sputtering method or a CVD method.
- a wiring formation process is performed using a formation technique, a photolithography technique, and an etching technique. Thereafter, the structure shown in FIG. 1E is obtained by performing a substrate processing step in which the first substrate 20 is processed to form the cantilever portion 22 and the weight portion 23 using photolithography technology, etching technology, and the like. .
- the metal wiring 26a and the pad 27a are formed by performing the lower electrode patterning process.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the metal wiring 26a and the pad 27a are formed between the lower electrode patterning process and the insulating layer forming process.
- a wiring forming process for forming the pad 27a may be provided separately, or a metal wiring forming process for forming the metal wiring 26a and a pad forming process for forming the pad 27a may be provided separately.
- the insulating layer forming step the insulating layer 25 is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate 20 on the one surface side (first surface side) by the CVD method or the like, and then the photolithography technique and the etching technique are used. Although the patterning is performed, the insulating layer 25 may be formed using a lift-off method.
- a power generation device having a structure shown in FIG. 1F is obtained by performing a cover bonding step of bonding the cover substrates 10 and 30 to the first substrate 20.
- the dicing process is performed to divide the power generation devices into individual power generation devices.
- the cover substrates 10 and 30 may be formed by appropriately applying known processes such as a photolithography process, an etching process, a thin film forming process, and a plating process.
- the power generation device in this embodiment includes the power generation unit 24.
- the power generation unit 24 includes a piezoelectric conversion unit.
- the piezoelectric conversion part is formed in the cantilever part 22 of the first substrate 20, and generates an AC voltage according to the vibration of the cantilever part 22.
- the power generation unit 24 includes a lower electrode 24a, a ferroelectric film 24b, and an upper electrode 24c.
- the lower electrode 24 a is formed on one surface side (first surface side) of the cantilever portion 22.
- the ferroelectric film 24b is formed on the side opposite to the cantilever part 22 side in the lower electrode 24a.
- the upper electrode 24c is formed on the opposite side of the ferroelectric film 24b from the lower electrode 24a side.
- the joining process is performed after the lower electrode forming process.
- the lower electrode 24 a and the first substrate 40 are bonded via the bonding layer 51.
- the transfer process is performed after the joining process.
- laser light LB having a predetermined wavelength is irradiated from the other surface side (second surface side) of the second substrate 40.
- the ferroelectric film 24b and the seed layer 124c which are the first portion of the ferroelectric layer 124b overlapping the seed layer 124c, are transferred to the one surface side of the first substrate 20.
- the predetermined wavelength of the laser beam LB satisfies the following conditions.
- the light passes through the second substrate 40. Reflected by the seed layer 124c.
- the ferroelectric layer 124b is absorbed by the second portion 24b 2 that does not overlap the seed layer 124c.
- the transfer process only the ferroelectric film 24b on the seed layer 124c in the ferroelectric layer 124b can be transferred. Therefore, by patterning the ferroelectric film 24b using the photolithography technique and the etching technique after the transfer process by matching the predetermined pattern of the seed layer 124c with the desired pattern of the ferroelectric film 24b. Need not be provided. Therefore, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. Further, the second substrate 40 is peeled off in the peeling step after the transfer step. Therefore, the expensive second substrate 40 such as a single crystal MgO substrate can be reused, and the cost can be reduced.
- ferroelectric film 24 b has a lattice constant difference from the first substrate 20.
- the second substrate 40 has better lattice matching with the ferroelectric film 24b than the first substrate 20.
- the lattice constant of the material of the first substrate 20 has a first difference from the lattice constant of the material of the ferroelectric film 24b.
- the lattice constant of the material of the second substrate 20 has a second difference from the lattice constant of the material of the ferroelectric film 24b. The second difference is smaller than the first difference.
- the seed layer 124c is made of a metal material having good lattice matching with the ferroelectric film 24b.
- the power generation device in this embodiment includes a power generation unit 24 formed of a piezoelectric conversion unit that is formed on the cantilever unit 22 of the first substrate 20 and generates an AC voltage in response to vibration of the cantilever unit 22.
- the power generation unit 24 includes a lower electrode 24a formed on one surface side (first surface side) of the cantilever unit 22, and a first substrate 20 formed on the opposite side of the lower electrode 24a to the cantilever unit 22 side.
- the lattice matching with the ferroelectric film 24b is good on the one surface side of the second substrate 40 having the good lattice matching with the ferroelectric film 24b as compared with the first substrate 20.
- a seed layer forming step for forming a seed layer 124c having a predetermined pattern made of a metal material, and a ferroelectric layer 124b is formed on the one surface side (first surface side) of the second substrate 40 after the seed layer forming step.
- the body layer 124b is overlapped with the seed layer 124c.
- light having a wavelength that is reflected by the seed layer 124c and absorbed by the second portion 24b 2 of the ferroelectric layer 124b that does not overlap the seed layer 124c is used.
- the crystallinity and performance (here, the piezoelectric constant e 31 ) of the ferroelectric film 24b can be improved regardless of the substrate material of the first substrate 20, and the low Costs can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the piezoelectric constant e 31 of the ferroelectric film 24b can be increased and the relative dielectric constant can be decreased as compared with the case where the ferroelectric film 24b is formed on the one surface side of the first substrate 20 by the thin film forming technique.
- the predetermined pattern of the seed layer 124c is matched with the desired pattern of the ferroelectric film 24b, so that photolithography is performed after the transfer process. Since it is not necessary to provide a process for patterning the ferroelectric film 24b using the technique and the etching technique, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. The achieved. Further, since the second substrate 40 is peeled off in the peeling step after the transfer step, it becomes possible to reuse the expensive second substrate 40 such as a single crystal MgO substrate, thereby reducing the cost. It becomes possible to plan.
- the material of the bonding layer 51 is a metal that can be directly bonded to the lower electrode 24a, and the bonding layer 51 is formed on the one surface side (first surface) of the first substrate 20 as shown in FIG. 3 before the bonding step. If the bonding layer 51 is formed only on the portions corresponding to the ferroelectric film 24b and the lower electrode 24a, the bonding layer 51 of the first substrate 20 is formed. Only the portions can be bonded, and it becomes difficult to be affected by the step on the surface of the ferroelectric layer 124b, so that the bonding reliability can be improved. In addition, it is possible to more reliably prevent the transfer of the second portion 24b 2 of the ferroelectric layer 124b in the transfer process.
- the choice of material for the cantilever portion 22 is increased, the design freedom of the power generation device is increased, and the generation of a power generation device having desired vibration characteristics is facilitated.
- the choice of material for the cantilever portion 22 is increased, the design freedom of the power generation device is increased, and the generation of a power generation device having desired vibration characteristics is facilitated.
- the lower electrode 24a is formed of the Au layer, so that the Au layer of the lower electrode 24a Since the Au layer of the bonding layer 51 (that is, the Au layers) can be directly bonded at a low temperature by a room temperature bonding method or the like, the process temperature can be lowered, and the characteristics of the ferroelectric film 24b in the bonding process. Can be prevented from deteriorating. Further, a resin layer made of an epoxy resin or the like may be used as the bonding layer 51 in the bonding process, and in this case, bonding can be performed at a lower temperature than in the eutectic bonding method or the like. In the case where the Au layers are directly bonded to each other, the bonding is not limited to the room temperature bonding method, and may be direct bonding by applying appropriate heating (for example, 100 ° C.) and a load.
- appropriate heating for example, 100 ° C.
- the first substrate 20 for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a single crystal is formed on an insulating layer (buried oxide film) 120b made of a silicon oxide film on a support substrate 120a made of a single crystal silicon substrate.
- An SOI substrate 120 having a silicon layer (active layer) 120c may be used.
- the cantilever can be obtained by using the insulating layer 120b of the SOI substrate 120 as an etching stopper layer when forming the cantilever portion 22 during manufacturing.
- the thickness of the portion 22 can be increased in accuracy, and the reliability can be improved and the cost can be reduced.
- the first substrate 20 one selected from the group of metal substrates (for example, SUS substrate, Ti substrate, etc.), glass substrates, and polymer substrates may be used, and any one of these may be used. However, from the viewpoint of mechanical strength, it is preferable to use a metal substrate or a glass substrate. In addition, what is necessary is just to employ
- the power generation device of the present embodiment is provided with the weight portion 23 at the tip end portion of the cantilever portion 22, the power generation amount can be increased as compared with the case where the weight portion 23 is not provided.
- an adhesion process may be performed in which the weight part 23 is bonded to the tip of the cantilever part 22 of the first substrate 20 with an adhesive or the like.
- the cantilever part is formed after the peeling process.
- the weight portion 23 is bonded to the tip end portion of the weight 22, the design freedom of the shape and material of the weight portion 23 is increased, and it is possible to manufacture a power generation device with a larger power generation amount, and the cantilever portion 22 and Each of the weight portions 23 can be freely formed, and the degree of freedom of the manufacturing process is increased.
- the ferroelectric device of this embodiment includes a lower electrode 24a formed on one surface side (first surface side) of the first substrate 20, and a first electrode in the lower electrode 24a.
- the ferroelectric film 24 b is formed of a ferroelectric material having a lattice constant difference from that of the first substrate 20.
- symbol is attached
- the pyroelectric device in this embodiment employs PZT which is a kind of lead-based oxide ferroelectric as the ferroelectric material (pyroelectric material) of the ferroelectric film 24b.
- PZT is a kind of lead-based oxide ferroelectric as the ferroelectric material (pyroelectric material) of the ferroelectric film 24b.
- the substrate 20 a single crystal silicon substrate having one surface (first surface) of (100) plane is used, but the lead-based oxide ferroelectric is not limited to PZT, for example, PZT-PLT, PZT-based ferroelectrics to which PLT, PZT-PMN, or other impurities are added may be employed.
- the pyroelectric material of the ferroelectric film 24b is a ferroelectric material having a lattice constant difference from the first substrate 20 (PZT, PZT-PMN, lead-based oxidation such as PZT doped with impurities). Material ferroelectric).
- the silicon substrate used as the first substrate 20 is not limited to a single crystal silicon substrate (hereinafter referred to as a single crystal silicon substrate), but may be a polycrystalline silicon substrate.
- Au is used as the material of the lower electrode 24a
- an infrared absorbing material having conductivity such as Ni—Cr, Ni, gold black is used as the material of the upper electrode 24c.
- the sensing element 230 is composed of the electrode 24a, the pyroelectric thin film 24b, and the upper electrode 24c.
- these materials are not particularly limited, and examples of the material of the lower electrode 24a include Al and Cu. It may be adopted.
- the upper electrode 24 when the above-described infrared absorbing material having conductivity is employed as the material of the upper electrode 224c, the upper electrode 24 also serves as an infrared absorbing film.
- the first substrate 20 is not limited to a single crystal silicon substrate, and one selected from the group of metal substrates (for example, SUS substrate, Ti substrate, etc.), glass substrates, and polymer substrates may be used.
- metal substrates for example, SUS substrate, Ti substrate, etc.
- glass substrates for example, glass substrates, and polymer substrates
- polymer substrates for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyimide may be employed.
- a support substrate 210 that supports the first substrate 20 provided with the sensing element 230 on the one surface side (first surface side) may be bonded. It is preferable that a thermal insulation gap 211 is formed in the support substrate 210 to thermally insulate the sensing element 230 and the support substrate 210.
- the support substrate 210 for example, one selected from the group of a single crystal silicon substrate, a glass substrate, and a polymer substrate (for example, a PET substrate) may be used.
- the thermal insulation gap 211 may be formed in the first substrate 20.
- the gap 211 is provided in the first substrate 20, the above-described one of the first substrate 20 is provided. It may be formed by etching from the surface side (first surface side), or may be formed by etching from the other surface side (second surface side) of the first substrate 20.
- the pyroelectric infrared sensor having the configuration shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B described above includes only one sensing element 230. Also, the pyroelectric infrared sensor having the configuration shown in FIGS. 9C and 9D is an infrared array sensor (infrared image sensor) in which a plurality of sensing elements 230 are arranged in a two-dimensional array. Each element 230 constitutes a pixel.
- infrared array sensor infrared image sensor
- the thickness of the lower electrode 24a is set to 100 nm
- the thickness of the ferroelectric film 24b is set to 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m
- the thickness of the upper electrode 24c is set to 50 nm.
- the manufacturing method of the pyroelectric device which is the ferroelectric device of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8, but the same steps as the manufacturing method of the ferroelectric device described in the first embodiment will be described. Omitted as appropriate.
- the ferroelectric film 24b is formed on one surface side (first surface side) of the second substrate 40 made of a single crystal MgO substrate having better lattice matching with the ferroelectric film 24b than the first substrate 20.
- a metal material for example, Pt or the like
- a single crystal MgO substrate whose one surface (first surface) is the (001) plane is used, but not limited thereto, the one surface (first surface) is (
- a single crystal SrTiO 3 substrate having a (001) plane or a sapphire substrate having the one surface (first surface) having a (0001) plane may be employed.
- the material of the bonding layer 51 for bonding the lower electrode 24a and the first substrate 20 is not limited to a metal that can be directly bonded to the lower electrode 24a.
- a room temperature curable resin adhesive for example, a two-part room temperature curable epoxy resin adhesive, a one part room temperature curable epoxy resin adhesive
- the first substrate 20 and the first substrate 20 may be bonded at room temperature via the bonding layer 51. In this case as well, the bonding temperature can be lowered similarly to the room temperature bonding.
- the resin adhesive of the bonding layer 51 is not limited to a room temperature curing type, and for example, if the curing temperature is 150 ° C. or less, a thermosetting resin adhesive (for example, a thermosetting epoxy resin adhesive). Etc.) may be used.
- the laser beam LB having a predetermined wavelength is transmitted through the second substrate 40 and reflected by the seed layer 124c, and the seed layer 124c of the ferroelectric layer 124b. It is assumed that the light has a wavelength that is absorbed by the second portion 24b 2 that does not overlap.
- the structure shown in FIG. 8D is obtained by performing the peeling process of peeling the second substrate 40 by separating the first substrate 20 and the second substrate 40.
- a seed layer removal process is performed to remove the seed layer 124c by ion beam etching or the like, thereby obtaining the structure shown in FIG.
- the seed layer 124c is removed because the Pt film has a property of reflecting infrared rays.
- the upper electrode 24c made of Ni—Cr, Ni, gold black, or the like is formed by sputtering, vapor deposition, CVD, or the like, so that the pyroelectric structure shown in FIG. Get the device.
- the upper electrode 24c also has a function as an infrared absorption film.
- the pyroelectric device After obtaining the pyroelectric device having the structure of FIG. 8F, the pyroelectric device is provided with a support substrate 210 provided with a gap 211 for thermal insulation (heat insulation) (see FIGS. 9A to 9D).
- a pyroelectric infrared sensor is obtained by attaching to the substrate and performing appropriate patterning.
- the first substrate 20 is etched from the one surface side (first surface side) or the other surface side (second surface side) to be thermally insulated. You may form the space
- the ferroelectric film 24b on the seed layer 124c can be transferred. Therefore, by aligning a predetermined pattern of the seed layer 124c with a desired pattern of the ferroelectric film 24b, a photolithographic technique is performed after the transfer process. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a process for patterning the ferroelectric film 24b using an etching technique, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. Further, since the second substrate 40 is peeled off in the peeling step after the transfer step, it becomes possible to reuse the expensive second substrate 40 such as a single crystal MgO substrate, thereby reducing the cost. It becomes possible to plan.
- the material of the bonding layer 51 is a metal that can be directly bonded to the lower electrode 24a, and the bonding layer 51 is the first before the bonding step. If the pattern is formed on the one surface side (first surface side) of the substrate 20 and the bonding layer 51 is formed only in the portions corresponding to the ferroelectric film 24b and the lower electrode 24a, the first substrate is formed. Only the portion where the 20 bonding layers 51 are formed can be bonded, and it is difficult to be affected by the level difference on the surface of the ferroelectric layer 124b, so that the bonding reliability can be improved. In addition, it is possible to more reliably prevent the transfer of the second portion 24b 2 of the ferroelectric layer 124b in the transfer process.
- the pyroelectric material of the ferroelectric film 24b is a lead-based oxide ferroelectric
- a single crystal MgO substrate, a single crystal SrTiO 3 substrate, or a sapphire substrate is used as the second substrate 40.
- the ferroelectric film 24b with good crystallinity can be formed, and the silicon substrate (single crystal silicon substrate, polycrystalline silicon substrate) which is cheaper than the second substrate 40 as the first substrate 20 can be formed.
- the cost can be reduced by using an SOI substrate, a glass substrate, a metal substrate, a polymer substrate, or the like.
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Abstract
Description
のMEMSデバイスとしては、例えば、強誘電体膜の圧電効果を利用する発電デバイスやアクチュエータ、強誘電体膜の焦電効果を利用する焦電型赤外線センサなどの焦電デバイスが各所で研究開発されている。なお、圧電効果および焦電効果を示す強誘電体材料としては、例えば、鉛系の酸化物強誘電体の一種であるPZT(:Pb(Zr,Ti)O3)
などが広く知られている。
まず、本実施形態における強誘電体デバイスについて図4~図6を参照しながら説明し、その後で、製造方法について図1~図3を参照しながら説明する。
まず、本実施形態における強誘電体デバイスについて図8(f)を参照しながら説明し、その後で、製造方法について図8を参照しながら説明する。
24a 下部電極
24b 強誘電体膜(第1の部分)
24b2 第2の部分
24c 上部電極
40 第2の基板
51 接合層
124b 強誘電体層
124c シード層
LB レーザ光
Claims (16)
- 第1の基板の一表面側に形成された下部電極と、前記下部電極における前記第1の基板側とは反対側に形成された強誘電体膜と、前記強誘電体膜における前記下部電極側とは反対側に形成された上部電極とを備え、前記強誘電体膜が、強誘電体材料により形成された強誘電体デバイスの製造方法であって、
第2の基板の一表面側に金属材料からなる所定パターンのシード層を形成するシード層形成工程と、
前記シード層形成工程の後で前記第2の基板の前記一表面側に前記強誘電体材料からなる強誘電体層を形成する強誘電体層形成工程と、
前記強誘電体層形成工程の後で前記強誘電体層上に前記下部電極を形成する下部電極形成工程と、
前記下部電極形成工程の後で前記下部電極と前記第1の基板とを接合層を介して接合する接合工程と、
前記接合工程の後で所定波長のレーザ光を前記第2の基板の他表面側から照射し前記強誘電体層のうち前記シード層に重なる第1の部分からなる前記強誘電体膜および前記シード層を前記第1の基板の前記一表面側に転写する転写工程とを備え、
前記所定波長の前記レーザ光を、前記第2の基板を透過し、且つ、前記シード層により反射され、且つ、前記強誘電体層のうち前記シード層に重ならない第2の部分に吸収される波長の光とすることを特徴とする強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記強誘電体材料は、前記第1の基板と格子定数において差があることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第2の基板は、前記第1の基板よりも、前記強誘電体膜との整合性が良いことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記シード層は、前記強誘電体膜との格子整合性が良いことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記接合層の材料を、前記下部電極との直接接合が可能な金属とし、前記接合層を前記接合工程よりも前に前記第1の基板の前記一表面側にパターン形成することを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記接合層の材料を、常温硬化型の樹脂接着剤とすることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記強誘電体材料は、PZTであることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第2の基板はMgO基板であることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記レーザ光の前記所定波長は、400nm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記レーザ光は、フェムト秒レーザ,KrFエキシマレーザの3倍波,ArFエキシマレーザの3倍波,フェムト秒レーザの3倍波のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記強誘電体膜が圧電膜であり、前記シード層を前記上部電極とすることを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記強誘電体膜が焦電体膜であり、前記転写工程の後で前記シード層を除去するシード層除去工程を行い、その後、前記強誘電体膜上に赤外線吸収材料からなる前記上部電極を形成する上部電極形成工程を行うことを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記強誘電体膜の格子定数は、前記1の基板の格子定数から、第1の差を有しており、
前記強誘電体膜の前記格子定数は、前記第2の基板の格子定数から、第2の差を有しており、
前記第2の差は、第1の差よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記シード層は、PtまたはAlからなることを特徴とする請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記第2基板は、その前記一表面に、第1の領域と第2の領域とを有しており、
前記第1の領域は、前記所定パターンを有する前記シード層によって覆われ、これにより、前記第2の領域は、前記所定パターンを有する前記シード層によって露出されていることを特徴とする請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記強誘電体層の前記第1の部分は、前記第1の領域と重複しており、
前記強誘電体層の前記第2の部分は、前記第2の領域と重複していることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の強誘電体デバイスの製造方法。
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JP2014041112A (ja) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-03-06 | Nec Tokin Corp | 焦電型赤外線センサ |
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JP2014041112A (ja) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-03-06 | Nec Tokin Corp | 焦電型赤外線センサ |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8551863B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
EP2555269A4 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
CN102859737B (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
TWI425686B (zh) | 2014-02-01 |
TW201212313A (en) | 2012-03-16 |
EP2555269A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
KR20120120340A (ko) | 2012-11-01 |
JP5399970B2 (ja) | 2014-01-29 |
CN102859737A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
US20130023063A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
KR101325000B1 (ko) | 2013-11-04 |
JP2011216690A (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
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