Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
  • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
  • F27D1/1621—Making linings by using shaped elements, e.g. bricks
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
  • C03B5/167—Means for preventing damage to equipment, e.g. by molten glass, hot gases, batches
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
  • C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
  • C03B5/43—Use of materials for furnace walls, e.g. fire-bricks
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
  • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
  • F27D1/1678—Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting

Definitions

• the invention relates to methods and devices for melting furnaces
• Purity of the melt This is achieved by pushing through or blinding of veneers, clinker, coatings, coatings, etc., ie solids, which are between the melt or melt or the discharges and the underlying materials, the pressure of the melt, the melt or the Counteract discharges, or close to the environment, enclose or enclose.
• veneers, clinker, coatings, coatings, etc. ie solids, which are between the melt or melt or the discharges and the underlying materials, the pressure of the melt, the melt or the Counteract discharges, or close to the environment, enclose or enclose.
• new parts, or already used parts of veneers, etc. are supplied and removed at another free end used or worn veneers or
• furnace systems or conveyor lines of the melt which consist of selected
• refractory materials are constructed. In the simplest case, they exist in the
• anchors Essentially from a base plate, the side walls and the vault, which together enclose the furnace interior / melting space and thus the melt. In order to keep the individual components in their fixed position and to absorb the forces that are considerable in some areas, extensive steel structures are necessary, which are summarized under the term anchors.
• the entire glass melting furnace is subject to wear (corrosion / erosion) and therefore has a limited life (furnace travel).
• a repair of worn components, without switching off and tempering, is only conditionally possible and extends the furnace travel of the furnace only insignificantly. After a few years, the entire
• Patent application DE 10 2008 050 855 known. This type of furnace construction is short-lived, cost-intensive and uneconomical in view of today's modern mechanical components, data evaluation systems and control options.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying methods and devices which essentially extend the service life, reduce the energy expenditure, increase the production rate and improve the purity of the product to be produced, that is to say fewer foreign body deposits in the melt. In the best case, all tasks are fulfilled.
• the object of the invention starting with the mixture of the mixture or in the supply of the raw material for the melting operation, ie the melt, during
• melt for the further processing of the melt, also multi-layer melts, up to the solidified final product or the discharges made for melting
• Residues for example, exhaust gases, slag, etc., up to the cooling of the discharges to ambient temperature and for transport of the melt.
• the invention can be applied to all types of furnaces, such as tubs, harbors, etc., as well as to all fusible materials, such as for glass melting, for
• veneers, clinker, coatings, coatings, etc., d. H. Components which are located between melt, melt or discharges and the underlying materials, such as walls, floors, etc., which discourage or counteract the pressure or generally forces of the melt, the melt or the discharges, simplifying referred to as veneering.
• the veneers guide the pressure or the forces to the external components, but they do not have any significant bearing or counteracting function, ie. H. would the
• the quasi-endless veneer (9), which can also be constructed from sections of veneer (6.a), are, for example, rolls of veneering material welded together.
• the specified directions of movement (A, B, C) of the individual veneer (6), quasi endless veneer (9), veneer with holding device (10), guided veneer with guide device (11), guided veneer (12) and intermediate veneer (13), are not binding, only a mutual obstruction in their
• each embodiment as the skilled person generally familiar, starting with the mixture of the mixture or in the supply of the raw material for the melting, melting, for further processing of the melt, even multi-layer melts, to the solidified end product or the Melting carried out discharges (residues), such as exhaust gases, slag, etc., can be applied to the cooling of the discharges to ambient temperature and for transport of the melt.
• discharges such as exhaust gases, slag, etc.
• Fig.1 section of a melting furnace, with limiting walls (2) and a
• Fig.2 cut as a section, a wall (2), arranged one above the other
• Fig.5 a conveyor line for melt / melt (15), with sections
• FIG.7 Section of a section of a melting furnace, with wall (2) and ceiling / vault (4), with a virtually endless veneer (9) in the wall (2), in variable
• FIG. 8 section of a section, an exchange surface for energetic exchange, with walls (2), discharge (17) and entry (18), with intervening
• Veneer (6) The object is achieved by the claims 1 to 10 substantially such that the veneer (6) or veneers (6) through the respective area during the main task of the respective area, for example in the case of a melting furnace during the melting operation, through the respective area
• a remove can also be a remove.
• a continuous process of the feasible main task of the respective area can take place, or the process of the executable main task is not, not significantly, hindered or disturbed by the specified measure, it can thus, at least largely, remain functional.
• the veneer (6) in different ways, such as parts of the veneer (6.a), quasi endless veneer (9), veneer with holding device (10), guided veneering with guide device (1 1), guided veneer (12) , Between veneer (13), each with or without passage opening (14), can take any adequate technically meaningful form.
• the respective embodiments are specified in the subclaims.
• control of the movement of the respective veneer (6), or the portion of the veneer (6.a), in the different embodiments, is carried out by at least one verarbebe / system or neural data system, in an analog or digital manner, which the relevant Data to move, twist, as well as the limitation occurring, local forces and / or moments guaranteed. This can also affect the physical properties of
• Fig. 1 to 8 which are explained below, show the inventive method according to claim 1, 2, 4 and the device according to claim 6, 7, 8, 9 in several preferred embodiments designed so that the life in these
• Fig. 1 shows an example of a section of a melting furnace as a section.
• the wall (2) shown in plan view, consisting of the sections of the wall (2.a) is located between the two walls (2) in the sectional view.
• the veneer (6) At the level of the melt level / bulkhead height (16), there is the veneer (6), which starts from its extent below the melt level / bed height (16) and reaches above the melt level / bed height (16) to counteract this critical area ,
• the veneer (6) consists of several sections
• Delusion (6.a) which can be added or added. At one free end of the veneer (6) portions of the veneer can be fed (7) and at another free end of the veneer (6) part of the veneer can be removed (8) The veneer (6) hereby performs a linear movement .
• Fig. 2 shows an example of a section of a melting furnace or a
• Holding device (10) in the form that several veneer with holding device (10) are arranged one above the other. As a result, shifts in the same direction are possible as well as shifts against each other. Also different
• the superimposed veneer with holding device (10), here with flat bearing surfaces between each other, may also have overlaps, be interlocked, in tongue and groove, dovetail, or each
• the veneer with holding device (10) in this case leads to a linear Movement, direction of movement (A), into the plane of the page, through.
• Fig. 2 can also perform a rotational movement direction (B).
• Fig. 3 shows an example of a section of a melting furnace or a
• the wall (2) shown in plan view, consisting of the sections of the wall (2.a) is located between the two walls (2) in the sectional view.
• the veneer (6), consisting of parts of the veneer (6.a) is provided with a rotational direction of movement (B).
• the supply of a portion of the veneer (7) is shown as well as the removal of a portion of the veneer (8).
• Exemplary is the
• the behind the veneer (6) lying wall (2) is interrupted in this area or also has at least one passage opening. It is also possible for a plurality of through-openings (14) to be present in a section of the veneer (6.a) which have or can fulfill the same or different opening sizes and / or functions.
• the veneer (6) leads in this case a rotary movement,
• the wall (2) in plan view may also be a floor, with the passage openings (14) then being in the floor, in which case the melt level is irrelevant.
• This can be, for example, the passage of melt in a melting furnace.
• FIG. 4 shows by way of example a section of a section through a conveying path for discharges (17), for example an exhaust duct consisting of the delimiting walls (2), in the form that the veneer (6) is shown as quasi endless veneer (9) is.
• This virtually endless veneer (9) is, for example, by
• FIG. 5 shows an example of a section of a conveying path of the melt / melt (15), consisting of the sections of the bottom (1), the portion of the wall (2.a) and the sections of the wall with cutout for veneer (3)
• the intervening different veneer (6), veneer with guide device (1 1), guided veneer (12) and the intermediate veneer (13) can be pushed through without support, possibly with leadership.
• the veneer with guide device (1 1), guided veneer (12) and the intermediate veneer (13) can be pushed through without support, possibly with leadership.
• the veneer with guide device (1 1), guided veneer (12) and the intermediate veneer (13) can be pushed through without support, possibly with leadership.
• the veneer with guide device (1 1), guided veneer (12) and the intermediate veneer (13) can be pushed through without support, possibly with leadership.
• the veneer with guide device (1 1), guided veneer (12) and the intermediate veneer (13) can be pushed through without support, possibly with leadership.
• the veneer with guide device (1 1), guided veneer (12) and the intermediate veneer (13) can be pushed through without support, possibly with leadership.
• Guide device (1 1) is shown here with a pin, as a guide, pointing away from the melt / melt (15). This pin could also be a bead,
• the side-run veneer (12) is partially fitted in the part of the wall with cutout for veneering (3), a complete fit, to form a plane is also conceivable.
• a complete fit, to form a plane is also conceivable.
• An offset of the underlying components or use of narrower components and pieces of the wall (2.a) can be used instead of the individual parts of the wall with cutout for veneer (3).
• An even deeper cutout in the part of the wall with cutout for veneer (3), as shown, is possible.
• veneer (6) can also be pushed over one another, rotated or a combination thereof can be realized, without leaving a gap to the melt / melt (15), so that a plane continues to exist.
• the guided veneer (12) located between melt / melt (15) and the intermediate veneer (13) is guided laterally by the guided veneer with guide device (11) and the guided veneer (12). From above, the gravity of the melt / melt (15) depresses the guided veneer (12), so that the guided veneer (12), as well as the
• Intermediate veneer (13) can not swim.
• an intermediate veneer (13) can be inserted.
• This intermediate veneer (13) can also consist of several
• Layers that is a plurality of layered intermediate panels (13) exist that can be moved or twisted at different speeds and / or directions of movement, as well as only parts of
• FIG. 6 shows by way of example a section of a section through a melting furnace.
• a barrier (5) for example, a wall, which also represents a portion of the bottom (1), integrated into a portion of the bottom (1).
• This barrier (5) has a veneer (6), which is a linear
• Moving direction (A) in the leaf level, performs.
• Such moderators who serve to change, for example, the flow of the melt / melt (15) are subject to high wear.
• the veneer (6) is shown as a U-shape, but may also be formed as required in a slotted square hollow profile or have the corresponding holding devices.
• Fig. 7 shows an example, a section as a section, with parts of the wall (2.a) and the ceiling / vault (4), with two different forms of movement of the
• Holding device (10) a rotational movement, movement direction (B), from.
• the Garvorhchtung the veneer with holding device (10) lies outside the hot zone, for example, outside of a melting furnace and is held with the fixation (20) by the retaining bolt (19).
• the veneer with holding device (10) rotates through a slot between the wall (2) and the ceiling / vault (4).
• the sealing can be done by the veneer with holding device (10) as well as by additional known in the art
• the veneer with holding device (10) shown in FIG. 7 can likewise be introduced into the upper furnace or even up to the melt / melted material (15) independently of a wall (2), for example only through a slot in the ceiling / vault (4) be to currents,
• this is not limited to the ceiling / vault (4), but can Also in the floor, the walls (2) or any other component done, as well as in the middle of a component, such as the ceiling / vault (4) to create boundaries of any conceivable kind. Overlaying can also be an intertwining.
• Fig. 8 shows an example, a section as a section, an energetic
• a heat exchanger consisting of the walls (2), made of the sections of the wall (2.a) and the sections of the wall with cutout for veneer (3), in the cutout of the veneer (6), wherein the veneer (6) represents the exchanger surface, which delimits the material flows discharges (17) and entries (18), so that an energetic exchange can take place without, or almost without, material flow exchange.
• This can also serve as an energetic shield, for example.
• the veneer (6) leads in this case a linear movement, direction of movement (A), in the leaf level, through.
• veneer (6) can be stored and / or pushed and / or rotated several times one above the other and / or behind one another and / or one another, in order to obtain certain shapes or openings or passages
• the veneer (6) need not be applied over the entire area, but can also be used partially. In this case, openings or passages can be closed, limited or opened in order to material flows
• Rotary motion like a thread in a nut is done.
• the type of movement of the thread of a metric screw or conical screw or corkscrew is also conceivable.
• the veneer (6) may also consist of several parts of the veneer (6.a) as a full circle, in the form that at one point, pieces of the veneer (6.a) can be removed or removed and added, in which case Veneering (6) at a location outside the range of melt / melt (15) or the discharges (17) are located, or in the melt / melt (15) and the discharges (17) is a chamber for replacing the parts of the
• Veneering (6.a) or a mechanism removes or renews and renews automatically or fully automatically, regulated or controlled the exchange in the chamber or in the melt / melt (15) or the discharges (17).
• This is of course not limited to a full circle but can also be applied to linear, rotational or variable displacements or twists.
• melt / melted material (15) or discharges (17) in the outflow or further flow can be limited and influenced or even prevented.
• full-surface veneering (6) infinite use of the respective area is conceivable. This applies in particular if the possibility of exchanging components lying behind, which have a supporting and / or guiding function of the veneer (6), are likewise exchangeable. Of course, no continuous pushing, or spinning, necessary.
• Pushing, or spinning can, as well as clocked or according to time specifications, indiscriminately as well as controlled or regulated, according to previous
• Investigation including automatic examination, for example, by an examination of previously pushed through veneer (6), even during or in the process done.
• the investigation can be done here for example by non-destructive
• Veneering (6.a), these may be loosely strung together or joined, with smooth or rough surfaces, not only on the Reihphil or joining surfaces, depressions, elevations, holes, pins, heels, teeth or the like, as well as connected to each other , for example screwed, welded, riveted, glued; as commonly known to those skilled in the art.
• intermediate inserts, connectors, intermediate connectors, also consisting of different materials, are conceivable.
• a connection between individual veneer (6) is not absolutely necessary, as a rule also undesirable, for example, superimposed rows of veneers (6).
• a modular construction
• Veneers (6) can in this case take any technically meaningful shape, size, material, structure, wall thickness and layers, for example, from each other rih- / available individual components, mold components, as a band or in panels be designed.
• the veneers (6) can also be equipped as joining strips, with different lengths to prevent, for example, jamming. Also Guide rails are conceivable. In this case, have the veneer (6), or portions of the veneer (6.a), on the necessary holding and / or moving device and / or guide device so that you can be pressed, pulled or twisted, moved back and forth or out and turned her or even a possible
• the holding and / or moving device and / or guide device are in this case adapted to the respective requirements and can have any technically meaningful manner, as well as number and connectivity, as well known to those skilled in the art.
• the holding and / or moving device and / or guide device can in this case be incorporated directly into the sections of the veneer (6.a) or included in the shaping, as well as added as an intermediate element, wherein a holding device as well as a guide device or a movement device in each case as holding elements, guide elements and movement elements
• Melt / melt (15) or the discharges (17) need not necessarily be guaranteed, as this also other tasks, such as partial and temporary installation of parts of the veneer (6.a) for
• Influencing the flow such as changes in the flow, the thermals, the mechanics or other physical or chemical parameters of melt / melt (5) or discharges (17), as well as the shape of the underlying components or apparatus influence can be influenced.
• a sealing of the melt with respect to the load-bearing components can be achieved with a full-surface
• Veneers (6) for example, a trough over the melting mirror (16) ranges across realized.
• a sealing of the veneer (6) can also be done to the extent that before removal of the pieces of the veneer are removed (8) are previously rotated from their direction of movement in a different direction, twisted or pushed, as well as out of your plane so that a possible degree of wear of the portions of the veneer are to be removed (8), which may lead to a leak, or by the component or components which with the veneer (6), or the portion of the veneer (6.a ), the To produce tightness, and may also be subject to possible wear, ensures a secure tightness.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (2)

Publications (1)

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Cited By (3)

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Citations (7)

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• 2010
  • 2010-04-01 DE DE102010013664A patent/DE102010013664A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2011
  • 2011-03-29 US US13/638,697 patent/US20130022436A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-03-29 JP JP2013501683A patent/JP5840674B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-03-29 EP EP11712179A patent/EP2552841A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-03-29 EA EA201290997A patent/EA026566B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-03-29 CN CN201180024623.7A patent/CN103038178B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-03-29 WO PCT/EP2011/001574 patent/WO2011120673A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2015
  • 2015-05-22 US US14/720,392 patent/US10161681B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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