WO2011096145A1 - デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体、成形体、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体の製造方法、及びデヒドロアビエチン酸化合物 - Google Patents
デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体、成形体、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体の製造方法、及びデヒドロアビエチン酸化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/313—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/333—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C67/343—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/74—Esters of carboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C69/753—Esters of carboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring of polycyclic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/76—Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/02—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems
- C07C2603/04—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings
- C07C2603/22—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing only six-membered rings
- C07C2603/26—Phenanthrenes; Hydrogenated phenanthrenes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel dehydroabietic acid polymer, a molded article, a method for producing a dehydroabietic acid polymer, and a dehydroabietic acid compound.
- Non-Patent Document 1 polylactic acid is excellent in transparency, but its impact resistance, heat resistance, hydrolysis resistance, etc. are low, so application to molded products such as injection molding remains limited.
- Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 In addition to polylactic acid, as shown in Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3, petroleum-based general-purpose polymers such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PC (polycarbonate) are used in high-temperature and high-humidity or acidic or alkaline environments. However, since it is easy to hydrolyze, durability is not enough and the improvement is desired.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PC polycarbonate
- rosin that can be collected from rosin and the like.
- This rosin is composed of a mixture of various terpene carboxylic acids.
- carboxylic acids it is known to use abietic acid as a polymer material (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that abietic acid is modified at a terminal portion of a phenol resin or an epoxy resin to form a binder such as a paint as a rosin-modified phenol resin and a rosin-modified epoxy acid resin.
- these resins have a phenol resin or an epoxy resin as a main skeleton, they are petroleum-dependent raw materials and have not reached the viewpoint of protecting the global environment.
- Patent Document 3 A polymer obtained by polymerizing abietic acid with a polyhydric alcohol is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 3 since the polymer described in Patent Document 3 is irregularly polymerized and gelled, it does not become a high molecular weight linear polymer. Therefore, such a polymer cannot be used for industrial applications such as molded articles.
- JP 2008-274150 A JP-A-6-87946 JP-A-6-33395
- the present invention can use a raw material derived from rosin, which is a natural product, and has a novel dehydroabietic acid polymer, molded article, dehydroabietic acid polymer production method having high moisture resistance and water resistance and impact strength, And a dehydroabietic acid compound.
- the means for solving the above-mentioned problems are as follows.
- L represents a divalent organic group.
- ⁇ 2> The dehydroabietic acid polymer according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the organic group is an alkylene group, an arylene group, an aralkylene group, or a combination thereof, which may include an ether bond or an ester bond.
- ⁇ 3> The dehydroabietic acid polymer according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the weight average molecular weight is from 5,000 to 500,000.
- ⁇ 4> The dehydroabietic acid polymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the polymer is a homopolymer having a skeleton represented by the general formula (A).
- ⁇ 5> The dehydroabietic acid polymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the polymer is a copolymer further having another repeating unit.
- ⁇ 6> A composite material containing the dehydroabietic acid polymer according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>.
- ⁇ 7> A molded body obtained from the composite material according to ⁇ 6>.
- a method for producing a dehydroabietic acid polymer comprising a step of polycondensing 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid or a derivative thereof and a diol compound.
- X and Y each independently represent —OH, —OC n H 2n + 1 , —OC n H 2n OH, —OC 6 H 5 or a halogen atom, and n represents 1 to 10 Represents an integer, provided that at least one of X and Y represents —OC n H 2n OH or —OC 6 H 5 , or both X and Y represent a halogen atom.
- a raw material derived from rosin which is a natural product, can be used, and as a novel polymer having good moisture resistance and water resistance and impact strength, a dehydroabietic acid polymer, a molded article, and a dehydroabietic acid polymer And a dehydroabietic acid compound can be provided.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention is a polymer having a skeleton represented by the following general formula (A) as a repeating unit.
- L represents a divalent organic group.
- L may be a divalent organic group including a plurality of different groups.
- the divalent organic group represented by L is not limited as long as it is a divalent group having a carbon atom in the basic skeleton of the structure, but examples thereof include an alkylene group, an arylene group, an aralkylene group, and combinations thereof. Preferably, it can be mentioned. These organic groups may contain one or more ether bonds or ester bonds. Further, it may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- alkylene group examples include —C n H 2n — (n is an integer of 1 to 18, preferably 2 to 12), —C m H 2m —C 6 H 10 —C n H 2n — (m and n are Independently represents an integer of 0 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 2, provided that m and n are not 0 at the same time. More specifically, —C 2 H 4 —, —C 3 H 6 —, —C 4 H 8 —, —C10H 20 —, —CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) —, —CH 2 C 6 H 10 — CH 2 —, 1,4-trans-cyclohexylene group and the like can be mentioned. These groups may be linear or branched.
- arylene group examples include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, a naphthylene group, —C 6 H 4 C (CH 3 ) n C 6 H 4 — (n represents an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 2). Etc.). More specifically, 1,4-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 4,4′-biphenylene group, 2,6-naphthylene group, —C 6 H 4 C (CH 3 ) 2 C 6 H 4 -And the like. These groups may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the aralkylene group include —C m H 2m C 6 H 4 C n H 2n — (m and n are each independently an integer of 0 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 2, provided that m and n are Etc.). More specifically, —CH 2 C 6 H 4 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH 2 — and the like can be mentioned. These groups may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the alkylene group, arylene group and aralkylene group containing an ether bond (—O—) or an ester bond (—COO— or —OCO—) include —C m H 2m (OC n H 2n ) k — (k is An integer of 1 to 8, preferably an integer of 1 to 4, m and n independently represent an integer of 1 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 3), -C m H 2m OC 6 H 4 OC n H 2n — (m and n independently represent an integer of 1 to 10, preferably an integer of 2 to 4), —C m H 2m OCOC 6 H 4 COOC n H 2n — (m and n are independently And an integer of 1 to 10, preferably an integer of 2 to 4.).
- the divalent organic group represented by L — (CH 2 ) 2 —, — (CH 2 ) 3 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, — (CH 2 ) 8 —, — (CH 2 ) 10- , -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2- , -CH 2 CH (CH 3 )-, -CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2- , -CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 -, - C 6 H 4 C (CH 3) 2 C 6 H 4 -, - CH 2 CH 2 OC 6 H 4 OCH 2 CH 2 -, - CH 2 CH 2 OCO-1,4-C 6 H 4 COOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 OCO-1,3-C 6 H 4 COOCH 2 CH 2 —,3-C 6 H 4 COOCH 2 CH 2 —,4-C 6 H 4 COOC 3 H 6 —, — C 4 H 8 OCO-1,4- C 6 H
- L is — (CH 2 ) 3 —, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, — (CH 2 ) 10 —, —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2) 2 -, - C 6 H 4 C (CH 3) 2 C 6 H 4 -, - CH 2 CH 2 OC 6 H 4 OCH 2 CH 2 -, - CH 2 CH 2 OCO-1,4-C 6 H 4 COOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 OCO-1,3-C 6 H 4 COOCH 2 CH 2 —, —C 3 H 6 OCO-1,4-C 6 H 4 COOC 3 H 6 —, -C 4 H 8 OCO-1,4-C 6 H 4 COOC 4 H 8 -or a combination thereof.
- the polymer of the present invention only needs to contain the above general formula (A) as a repeating unit, and may be a homopolymer of the above general formula (A), or a copolymer with other monomers. May be.
- monomers are not limited, and known or commercially available monomers can be used. For example, the following are preferred. These may use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention is a copolymer containing another monomer
- the molar ratio of the repeating unit of the general formula (A) to the other monomer is not limited, and the intended function and application However, it may be set to, for example, about 1: 0.2 to 1: 3, preferably about 1: 0.5 to 1: 2.
- the weight average molecular weight of the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention is not limited, but is preferably about 5,000 to 500,000, more preferably about 10,000 to 300,000. By setting it within this range, the dehydroabietic acid polymer is further excellent in mechanical strength, film formation / formability, and the like, and is advantageous in terms of industrial use.
- the weight average molecular weight in the present invention is a value obtained by molecular weight measurement (polystyrene conversion) by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention also includes a polymer of a dehydroabietic acid derivative in which a substituent having a dehydroabietic acid skeleton is further introduced and further subjected to chemical conversion by introducing a substituent.
- substituents include a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, etc.), an alkyl group (methyl group, isopropyl group, etc.), an alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group, etc.) and the like.
- the configuration of the asymmetric carbon at the 10-position and the 18-position may be either the R-configuration or the S-configuration, but usually the 10-position is the S-configuration and the 18-position. Is the R configuration.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention has the above skeleton, that is, a polyester skeleton obtained by polymerizing a 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid derivative and a diol compound as a main skeleton. For this reason, it is excellent in moisture resistance, water resistance and impact strength, and has good moldability such as film formability. This is because a chemically stable and hydrophobic dehydroabietic acid skeleton is linked by an ester bond at the 12th and 18th positions, so that a linear, relatively high molecular weight polymer is easily generated. Inferred.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be obtained from rosin derived from rosin that can be obtained as a biomass resource, and exhibits high impact strength and moisture and water resistance. Moreover, it has moldability such as good film formability. Therefore, the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be a novel biomass polymer that is superior in impact strength and moisture and water resistance to conventional biomass polymers such as polylactic acid.
- the polymer of the present invention can be used for applications requiring high impact strength, high moisture resistance, water resistance, and the like. For example, sheets, films, fibers, molding materials, toner binders for copying machines (for example, xerography), It can be used for various applications in various forms such as a resin for printing ink and an adhesive.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be obtained, for example, through a step of polymerizing 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid or a derivative thereof and a diol compound. Moreover, a dehydroabietic acid copolymer is obtained by polymerizing other monomers (for example, dicarboxylic acid etc.) as needed.
- 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid is represented by the following formula (B).
- Examples of 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid or its derivatives are represented by the following general formula (C) and the like.
- X and Y are each independently —OH, —OR, —OCOR, —OCOOR, —OSO 2 R, NR 2, a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, etc.), an imidazolyl group, or a triazolyl group.
- R represents an alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms), an aralkyl group (preferably having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 9 carbon atoms) or an aryl group (Preferably 6 to 12, more preferably 6 to 9 carbon atoms) and the like.
- X is preferably —OH, —OR or the like, and more preferably —OH.
- Y is preferably —OH or —OR.
- diol compound examples include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,10-decanediol, Aliphatic diols such as 1,12-dodecanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene; hydroquinone, 4,4′-biphenol, 2,2-bis ( And aromatic diols such as 4-hydroxyphenyl) propane.
- diol compound examples include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,10-decanediol, Aliphatic dio
- 1,3-propanediol or 1,10-decanediol is more preferable.
- a compound having a hydroxyl group and / or a carboxyl group is also useful for the purpose of modifying the higher order structure of the polymer to be produced.
- citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, glyceric acid, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and the like can be mentioned. These diol compounds are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid used for the production of the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be obtained from rosin, for example.
- Rosin is a resin component collected from pine resin, and there are three typical examples of “gum rosin”, “tall rosin” and “wood rosin” depending on the method of collection.
- the constituents contained in rosin vary depending on the method of collection, the place of production of the pine, etc., but in general, abietic acid (1), neoabietic acid (2), parastolic acid (3 ), Levopimaric acid (4), dehydroabietic acid (5), pimaric acid (6), and isopimaric acid (7).
- the compounds represented by (1) to (4) are disproportionated by heat treatment in the presence of a catalyst such as an apatite-based polymer, and dehydroabietic acid (5) And dihydroabietic acid (8) having the following structure.
- a catalyst such as an apatite-based polymer
- dehydroabietic acid (5) And dihydroabietic acid (8) having the following structure.
- it can be performed with reference to JP-A-2002-284732.
- 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid necessary for the synthesis of the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be easily obtained by subjecting rosin, which is a mixture of various resin acids, to appropriate chemical treatment. It can be produced industrially and inexpensively from dehydroabietic acid (5).
- the 12th position of dehydroabietic acid has a high electron density and easily undergoes various aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions. That is, since acylation, halogenation, etc. occur easily, a carboxyl group can be introduced into the 12-position by performing functional group conversion by a known reaction.
- the production method of the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention will be described more specifically. For example, it can be synthesized by the following synthesis route. (Synthetic route)
- the step of synthesizing the polymer having the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A) is performed by combining the compound represented by the general formula (C) and the diol compound by a known method. It can be synthesized by condensation.
- Specific synthetic methods include, for example, the methods described in New Polymer Experiments 3, Polymer Synthesis and Reaction (2), pp. 78-95, Kyoritsu Shuppan (1996) (for example, transesterification, direct esterification) Method, polycondensation method using acid chloride, low-temperature solution polymerization method, high-temperature solution polycondensation method, interfacial polycondensation method, etc.), and transesterification method and direct esterification method are particularly preferably used in the present invention.
- the transesterification method is a method of synthesizing a polyester by subjecting a diol compound and a dicarboxylic acid ester to a dealcoholization polycondensation by heating them in a molten state or a solution state in the presence of an acid catalyst if necessary.
- the direct esterification method is a method of synthesizing a polyester by subjecting a diol compound and a dicarboxylic acid compound to heat dehydration and polycondensation in the presence of an acid catalyst in a molten state or a solution state.
- the acid chloride method is a method in which a diol compound and a dicarboxylic acid chloride compound are heated or dehydrochlorinated in the presence of a base catalyst, if necessary, in a molten state or in a solution state to synthesize polyester by polycondensation.
- the interfacial polymerization method is a method of synthesizing a polyester by dissolving the diol compound in water and the dicarboxylic acid chloride compound in an organic solvent, and polycondensing at the water / organic solvent interface using an interlayer transfer catalyst in the presence of an alkali. .
- the polyester copolymer can be synthesized by using other dicarboxylic acid in addition to 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid (or derivative) in the synthesis of the polyester polymer by the synthetic route.
- a copolymer synthesis example can be made by referring to a known method. Generally, however, 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid is mixed with an appropriate amount of another dicarboxylic acid and a diol compound under a reduced pressure at a high temperature (preferably 200). At about 280 ° C. to about 280 ° C., and a low-boiling compound such as water and alcohol produced as a result of the reaction is distilled off and polycondensed to obtain a copolymer.
- Examples of other dicarboxylic acids useful in the synthesis of the copolymer include various aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids.
- succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, etc. are preferably used. It is done.
- dehydroabietic acid compound The dehydroabietic acid compound (intermediate) of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (D).
- the following compounds can be suitably used in producing the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention.
- X and Y each independently represent —OH, —OC n H 2n + 1 , —OC n H 2n OH, —OC 6 H 5 or a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, etc.).
- the halogen atom is preferably Cl.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 4.
- both X and Y are halogen atoms. More preferably, X and Y are each independently —OC n H 2n OH.
- n represents an integer of 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 4.
- —OC n H 2n + 1 and —OC n H 2n OH may be linear or branched.
- the configuration of the asymmetric carbon at the 10-position and the 18-position may be any of R-configuration and S-configuration, respectively. Is the R configuration.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be used alone as a polymer material. Moreover, it can also be set as a composite material by mixing the dehydroabietic acid polymer of this invention and various materials. Hereinafter, the composite material containing the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention will be described.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be made into a composite material by mixing various materials in order to improve its physical properties.
- a dehydroabietic acid polymer is used as a composite material, it is preferable to perform polymer alloying (mixing of different types of polymers) and / or fillers, thereby improving impact resistance, heat resistance, durability, and molding. The property etc. can be improved.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention having different polymer characteristics may be used in combination, or the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention may be used in combination with other polymers. Good.
- the polymer other than the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention used for polymer alloying is not limited, and a known or commercially available polymer can be used.
- a known or commercially available polymer can be used.
- Olefin resins ethylene or propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, ⁇ -olefin such as 4-methyl-1-pentene, or cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cyclooctene, cyclopentadiene, 1,3- Cyclohexadiene, bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, tricyclo [4.3.0.1 2,5 ] deca-3,7-diene, tetracyclo [4.4.0.1 2,5 .1,7,10 ] cycloolefin homopolymers such as dodec-3-ene, copolymers of the above ⁇ -olefins, and other monomers copolymerizable with ⁇ -o
- Polyester resins (terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid and other dicarboxylic acid monomers and ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyoxytetramethylene glycol, alkylene oxide adducts of bisphenol compounds or derivatives thereof, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, etc.
- Copolymers of diols or polyhydric alcohol monomers hydroxycarboxylic acids such as lactic acid, ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-hydroxynaphthoic acid, etc. Condensates, etc.);
- Polyamide-based resin (a polymer having an acid amide bond in a chain obtained by polycondensation of a lactam having three or more members, a polymerizable ⁇ -amino acid, a dibasic acid and a diamine, specifically ⁇ -Polymers such as caprolactam, aminocaproic acid, enanthractam, 7-aminoheptanoic acid, 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 9-aminononanoic acid, ⁇ -pyrrolidone, ⁇ -piperidone, hexamethylenediamine, nonamethylenediamine, undecamethylenediamine , Polymers obtained by polycondensation with diamines such as dodecamethylenediamine and metaxylenediamine with dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, dodecane dibasic acid, and glutaric acid
- terephthalic acid is
- Rubbers and elastomers Natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, 1,2-polybutadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, acrylic rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber Polysulfide rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, urethane rubber, etc.);
- polylactic acid poly ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid, polybutylene succinate and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of plantiness.
- Polymer alloying may be performed based on a known method. Usually, it is performed by melt kneading, etc., but if phase separation occurs by simple kneading, a compatibilizer is used, secondary block polymerization or graft polymerization is performed, and one polymer is dispersed in a cluster. Or a uniform phase may be formed.
- the content ratio (mass basis) of the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention in the polymer alloy is generally Is 1 to 100%, preferably 20 to 100%, more preferably 50 to 100%.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention can be improved to have desired polymer properties by mixing various fillers.
- mixing of fillers is effective for improving heat resistance, durability, and impact resistance.
- filler either an inorganic filler or an organic filler may be used.
- inorganic filler examples include glass fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, metal fiber, potassium titanate whisker, aluminum borate whisker, magnesium whisker, silicon whisker, wollastonite, sepiolite, slag fiber, zonolite, elastadite, gypsum.
- organic filler examples include cellulose (nano) fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, acrylic fiber, regenerated cellulose fiber, acetate fiber, aramid fiber, and other synthetic fibers, kenaf, ramie, cotton, jute, hemp, hemp, sisal, manila hemp, Preference is given to natural fibers such as flax, linen, silk, wool, etc., fibrous organic fillers obtained from microcrystalline cellulose, sugar cane, wood pulp, paper waste, waste paper, etc .; granular organic fillers such as organic pigments;
- the flame retardant and the like may be mixed in the dehydroabietic acid polymer-containing composite material of the present invention.
- the flame retardant is not limited as long as it is a material that makes the polymer material difficult to burn or prevents the flame from spreading, and a known or commercially available flame retardant can be used.
- halogen (bromine and chlorine) compounds, phosphorus compounds (aromatic phosphate esters, polyphosphates, etc.), silicon-containing flame retardants, nitrogen compound flame retardants, inorganic flame retardants, and the like can be used.
- aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and the like can be preferably used.
- the content is usually 30 parts by mass or less, preferably 10 parts by mass or less, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer of the present invention.
- a material (flame retardant aid) that suppresses the spread of fire by increasing the flame retardancy in combination with a flame retardant or forming a carbonized film on the resin surface is also useful as a composite material containing the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention.
- an antimony compound, an organic aromatic compound (such as a phenol derivative) and the like are preferably used in the inorganic system.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention may contain a plasticizer.
- a plasticizer those commonly used for polymer molding can be used. Examples thereof include polyester plasticizers, glycerin plasticizers, polycarboxylic acid ester plasticizers, polyalkylene glycol plasticizers, and epoxy plasticizers.
- the content is usually 30 parts by mass or less, preferably 10 parts by mass or less, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer of the present invention.
- the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention includes commonly used additives such as stabilizers, impact resistance improvers, crystal nucleating agents, lubricants, antistatic agents, surfactants, pigments, Dyes, fillers, antioxidants, processing aids, ultraviolet absorbers, antifogging agents, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, and the like may be added alone or in combination.
- additives such as stabilizers, impact resistance improvers, crystal nucleating agents, lubricants, antistatic agents, surfactants, pigments, Dyes, fillers, antioxidants, processing aids, ultraviolet absorbers, antifogging agents, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, and the like may be added alone or in combination.
- the composite material of the present invention obtained by mixing the materials described above can be shaped (molded) by various methods.
- the molding method for example, extrusion molding, injection molding or the like is used.
- the use of the molded body thus obtained is not particularly limited.
- various containers such as machine parts, housing / building materials, containers, cosmetics, and beverage bottles.
- a 12-carboxydehydroabietic acid derivative used for the synthesis of the dehydroabietic acid polymer of the present invention was synthesized according to the following synthetic route.
- dehydroabietic acid polymer (1) This was washed with methanol and dried to obtain 8.2 g of a white powder, which was designated as dehydroabietic acid polymer (1).
- the weight average molecular weight of the dehydroabietic acid polymer (1) by GPC measurement was 98,000.
- the glass transition temperature Tg measured by DSC at the temperature increase rate of 10 degree-C / min was 96 degreeC.
- dehydroabietic acid polymer (2) This was washed with methanol and dried to obtain 8.4 g of a white powder, which was designated as dehydroabietic acid polymer (2).
- the weight average molecular weight of the dehydroabietic acid polymer (1) by GPC measurement was 79,000.
- the glass transition temperature Tg measured by DSC at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C./min was 92 ° C.
- dehydroabietic acid polymer (3) This was washed with methanol and dried to obtain 11.6 g of a white powder, which was designated as dehydroabietic acid polymer (3).
- the weight average molecular weight of the dehydroabietic acid polymer (3) by GPC measurement was 128,000.
- the glass transition temperature Tg measured by DSC at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C./min was 89 ° C.
- dehydroabietic acid polymer (4) This was washed with methanol and dried to obtain 12.0 g of a white powder, which was designated as dehydroabietic acid polymer (4).
- the weight average molecular weight of the dehydroabietic acid polymer (4) by GPC measurement was 76,000.
- the glass transition temperature Tg measured by DSC at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C./min was 89 ° C.
- dehydroabietic acid polymer (5) washing with methanol and drying gave 16.3 g of an off-white resinous product, which was designated as dehydroabietic acid polymer (5).
- the weight average molecular weight by GPC measurement of the dehydroabietic acid polymer (5) was 61,000.
- the glass transition temperature Tg measured by DSC at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min was 37 ° C.
- Water absorption rate (weight of film after water immersion ⁇ weight of film before water immersion) / weight of film before water immersion
- the dehydroabietic acid polymers (1) to (5) of the present invention obtained in Examples 1 to 5 have any impact strength and moisture and water resistance as compared with PLA. It can also be seen that Moreover, it turns out that it is favorable also in the toughness at the time of making a film.
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Abstract
Description
即ち、本発明は、天然物であるロジン由来の原料を用いることができ、高い耐湿耐水性及び耐衝撃強度を有する新規なデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体、成形体、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体の製造方法、及びデヒドロアビエチン酸化合物を提供することを目的とする。
(一般式(D)中、X及びYはそれぞれ独立に、-OH、-OCnH2n+1、-OCnH2nOH、-OC6H5またはハロゲン原子を表し、nは1~10までの整数を示す。ただし、XおよびYの少なくとも一つが、-OCnH2nOHまたは-OC6H5を表すか、または、XおよびYがいずれもハロゲン原子を表す。)
以下、本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体について説明する。
本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体が他のモノマーを含む共重合体である場合、一般式(A)の繰り返し単位と当該他のモノマーとのモル比は限定的でなく、目的とする機能及び用途に応じて適宜決定すればよいが、例えば、1:0.2~1:3程度、好ましくは1:0.5~1:2程度とすればよい。
次に本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体の製造方法について説明する。
本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体は、例えば、12-カルボキシデヒドロアビエチン酸又はその誘導体と、ジオール化合物とを重合させる工程を経ることにより得られる。また、必要に応じて、さらに、その他のモノマー(例えば、ジカルボン酸等)を重合させることにより、デヒドロアビエチン酸共重合体が得られる。
(合成経路)
本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸化合物(中間体)は、下記一般式(D)で表される。下記の化合物は、本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体を製造する際に、好適に使用できる。
本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体は、単独でポリマー材料として用いることができる。また、本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体と種々の材料を混合することにより、複合材料とすることもできる。以下、本発明のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体を含有する複合材料について説明する。
1)オレフィン系樹脂(エチレン又はプロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン等のα-オレフィン、又はシクロペンテン、シクロヘキセン、シクロオクテン、シクロペンタジエン、1,3-シクロヘキサジエン、ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-2-エン、トリシクロ[4.3.0.12,5]デカ-3,7-ジエン、テトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン等のシクロオレフィンの単独重合体、上記α-オレフィン同士の共重合体、及びα-オレフィンと共重合可能な他の単量体、酢酸ビニル、マレイン酸、ビニルアルコール、メタクリル酸、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル等との共重合体等);
化合物(1d)の1H-NMRデータを以下に示す。
化合物(1e)の1H-NMRデータを以下に示す。
化合物(2e)の1H-NMRデータを以下に示す。
デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)のGPC測定による重量平均分子量は98,000であった。また、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)の熱物性として、DSCにより昇温速度10℃/分で測定したガラス転移温度Tgは96℃であった。
デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)のGPC測定による重量平均分子量は79,000であった。また、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)の熱物性として、DSCにより昇温速度10℃/分で測定したガラス転移温度Tgは92℃であった。
デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(3)のGPC測定による重量平均分子量は128,000であった。また、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)の熱物性として、DSCにより昇温速度10℃/分で測定したガラス転移温度Tgは89℃であった。
デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(4)のGPC測定による重量平均分子量は76,000であった。また、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)の熱物性として、DSCにより昇温速度10℃/分で測定したガラス転移温度Tgは89℃であった。
デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(5)のGPC測定による重量平均分子量は61,000であった。また、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)の熱物性として、DSCにより昇温速度10℃/分で測定したガラス転移温度Tgは37℃であった。
実施例1~5で得られたデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)~(5)と、比較例1~3における比較用ポリマーとして、市販のPLA(ポリ乳酸)をそれぞれ用いて、耐衝撃強度の指標としてのシャルピー強度(ノッチ付)、耐湿耐水性の指標としての吸水率(%)及びフィルム膜靭性の各物性を比較評価した。結果を下記表2に示す。
[比較例1]
PLA:三井化学(株)製のポリ乳酸、製品名:LACEA H-140、Tg:58℃
シャルピー衝撃強度(ノッチ付き)の測定を、ISO179に準じて行い、KJ/m2で示した。
吸水率は、以下のようにして測定した。
実施例1~5で用いたデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体(1)~(5)および比較例1のPLAを用いて作製したフィルム成膜性評価用のキャストフィルムを23℃の水に24時間浸し、その後、表面の水滴をよく拭き取り、素早く重量を測定した。吸水率を下記式から算出した。
吸水率=(浸水後のフィルムの重量-浸水前のフィルムの重量)/浸水前のフィルムの重量
各ポリマーの10%塩化メチレン溶液を用い、キャスト法により厚み100μのフィルムを作製した。乾燥したフィルムの靭性~脆性をフィルムの繰り返し屈曲性試験(UL746E,n=5)で評価を行い、平均500回以上をA、平均50~500回をB、平均50回以下をCとした。
Claims (10)
- 前記有機基が、エーテル結合又はエステル結合を含んでいてもよいアルキレン基、アリーレン基、アラルキレン基又はこれらの組合せである請求項1に記載のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体。
- 重量平均分子量が5000以上500000以下である請求項1に記載のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体。
- 前記重合体が一般式(A)で表される骨格からなる単独重合体である請求項1に記載のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体。
- 前記重合体がさらに他の繰返し単位を有する共重合体である請求項1に記載のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体。
- 請求項1に記載のデヒドロアビエチン酸重合体を含有する複合材料。
- 請求項6に記載の複合材料から得られる成形体。
- 12-カルボキシデヒドロアビエチン酸又はその誘導体とジオール化合物とを重縮合させる工程を備える、デヒドロアビエチン酸重合体の製造方法。
- 一般式(D)中、XおよびYが、それぞれ独立に、-OCnH2nOH(nは1~10までの整数を示す)である、請求項9に記載のデヒドロアビエチン酸化合物。
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WO2012133336A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | デヒドロアビエチン酸誘導体及びその製造方法、並びに12-カルボキシデヒドロアビエチン酸誘導体の製造方法 |
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JP2011162635A (ja) | 2011-08-25 |
CN102725327A (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
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