WO2011086801A1 - 作業用車両の駆動制御装置 - Google Patents
作業用車両の駆動制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011086801A1 WO2011086801A1 PCT/JP2010/072415 JP2010072415W WO2011086801A1 WO 2011086801 A1 WO2011086801 A1 WO 2011086801A1 JP 2010072415 W JP2010072415 W JP 2010072415W WO 2011086801 A1 WO2011086801 A1 WO 2011086801A1
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- traveling
- drive
- switching
- power
- working vehicle
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Classifications
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
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- E02F9/2062—Control of propulsion units
- E02F9/207—Control of propulsion units of the type electric propulsion units, e.g. electric motors or generators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
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- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2062—Control of propulsion units
- E02F9/2075—Control of propulsion units of the hybrid type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2079—Control of mechanical transmission
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2091—Control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. battery or capacitors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2253—Controlling the travelling speed of vehicles, e.g. adjusting travelling speed according to implement loads, control of hydrostatic transmission
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
- B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drive control device for a work vehicle, and more particularly to a drive control device for a work vehicle suitable for use in control of a work vehicle of a hybrid system.
- the wheel loader is a working vehicle that conveys soil and the like with the bucket part of the hydraulic work device at the front while traveling by transmitting the power of the engine to the tire by means of a torque converter (torque converter) and transmission (T / M). Since the traveling operation of starting and stopping is frequently repeated during work, recovery of regenerative electric power at the time of braking can be expected from the driving motor when the traveling drive portion is motorized.
- torque converter torque converter
- T / M transmission
- the drive unit of the working vehicle is configured of a unit in which an engine and an axle are mechanically connected, a hydraulic pump (or generator) and a hydraulic motor (or motor). It is known to have a unit and drive the traveling axle using the above two units (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Since this drive unit has two units with different transmission efficiency characteristics, it is possible to improve the traveling efficiency of the vehicle by selectively using two units according to the speed range of the vehicle.
- Patent Document 1 does not describe a specific switching method between two units which actually occurs. It is not easy to smoothly switch between two units having different drive system configurations without causing fluctuations in the transmission power of the drive shaft or the engine power.
- the torque characteristic of the torque converter is uniquely determined by the input / output speed ratio, and therefore, already for hydraulic work devices in the front of the vehicle like the wheel loader described above.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid traveling drive control device for a working vehicle having a hydraulic work device at a front portion such as a wheel loader and a traveling drive device by a torque converter, and a traveling drive device by a motor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a drive control device for a working vehicle which has no power fluctuation and high efficiency characteristics.
- Work vehicle having a first traveling drive unit that travels by transmitting torque to a drive wheel by a torque converter and transmission, and a second traveling drive unit that travels by driving an electric motor with electric power output from the generator
- a drive control device for a working vehicle having a driving force switching means for switching between the first traveling driving device and the second traveling driving device, the driving force switching means being a traveling speed of the vehicle.
- the hybrid travel drive control device for a working vehicle having a hydraulic work device at the front portion such as a wheel loader and a travel drive device by a torque converter, and a travel drive device by an electric motor. There will be no fluctuation and high efficiency characteristics.
- the traveling means switching unit switches from the second traveling drive device to the first traveling drive device, the rotation fluctuation of the engine, the working vehicle At least control of the number of revolutions of the engine by the generator, torque control of the electric motor, and flow control of the hydraulic pump are performed so as to suppress fluctuations in traveling driving force and fluctuations in driving force of the working device.
- the driving force switching means includes a driving state detection unit, and the driving state detection unit includes at least an accelerator opening degree, a brake opening degree, a working device lever operation amount, Based on the pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic pump, the number of rotations of the engine, the number of rotations and torque of the motor, and the vehicle speed, the current traveling drive operating point and engine operating point and power of the working device are detected.
- a power storage device for storing the electric power output from the generator and the traveling regenerative electric power generated from the motor and discharging the stored electric power as necessary. It is
- the drive control means includes a power storage device control unit, and the power storage unit control unit controls at least an amount of power for torque assist of the engine and the second travel drive.
- the charge and discharge of the power storage device are controlled so as to secure in the power storage means the amount of electric power necessary for suppressing fluctuation when switching from the device to the first travel drive device, and the charge and discharge amount of the traveling regenerative power. It is a thing.
- the driving force switching means includes a switching ON / OFF switch, and the switching ON / OFF switch is manually operated to control the first traveling drive device and the first traveling drive device.
- the switching with the traveling drive device 2 is stopped, and the traveling operation of only the first traveling drive device or the traveling operation of only the second traveling drive device is performed.
- the hybrid travel drive control device for a working vehicle having a hydraulic work device at the front portion such as a wheel loader and a travel drive device by a torque converter, and a travel drive device by an electric motor, There is no fluctuation of power and high efficiency characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing a configuration of a hybrid drive system of a working vehicle to which a drive control apparatus for a working vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- a configuration of a drive system applied to a wheel loader will be described as an example of a working vehicle.
- the power of the engine 1 is transmitted to the tire via the output shaft (propeller shaft) 7 by the torque converter (torque converter) 5 and the transmission (T / M) 6, and the vehicle travels.
- the torque converter (torque converter) 5 and the transmission (T / M) 6 constitute a first travel drive device 12.
- a motor 8 for driving for traveling is mounted on an axis of an output shaft (propeller shaft) 7.
- an induction motor is used as the motor 8.
- a synchronous motor can also be used as the motor 8.
- a motor / generator (M / G) 2 is connected to the output shaft of the engine 1.
- the motor / generator (M / G) 2 normally operates as a generator.
- AC power output from the motor / generator (M / G) 2 is converted into DC power by the inverter 3 and stored in the storage means 4.
- the power storage device 4 is applicable even to a large capacity battery such as a secondary battery, a large capacity capacitor (electric double layer capacitor) in consideration of the mounting space, the cost, the charge / discharge response speed, etc. ) Is assumed. Since the electric double layer capacitor has a relatively large capacity to a normal capacitor, it is possible to use power stored in a certain amount of electrical work (for example, several tens of kW, several seconds of work). However, since the electric double layer capacitor has a smaller capacity than a large capacity secondary battery, the DC power output from the inverter 3 is converted to AC power by another inverter 13 and used to drive the motor 8 Be That is, the motor 8 is driven by the output power of the motor / generator (M / G) 2 driven by the engine 1.
- a second travel drive device is configured by the inverter 13 and the motor 8.
- the vehicle is a traveling parallel hybrid traveling drive that is switched by a first traveling drive 12 driven by a torque converter 5 + T / M 6 and a second traveling drive 13 driven by a motor 8. .
- the wheel loader includes a hydraulic work device 10 at the front that performs digging work and transport work on a load such as earth and sand, and a main pump 11 that supplies oil to the hydraulic work device 10.
- the hydraulic cylinder 14 configured in 10 is operated to carry out an operation according to the purpose.
- the main pump 11 is driven by the engine 1.
- the inverter 3 is converted into AC power by the storage power of the storage means 4.
- the motor / generator (M / G) 2 is driven by this AC power, and can also be used to drive a vehicle via the torque converter 5 and the T / M 6 or to drive the main pump 11.
- a DCDC converter chopper described later is provided at the input / output portion of the storage means 4.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a drive control apparatus for a work vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.
- the drive control device 20 is a part that controls the entire drive system shown in FIG.
- the drive control unit 20 is positioned above the controllers of the control valve (C / V) control unit 21, the main pump control unit 22, the engine control unit 23, the T / M control unit 24, and the inverter control unit 25. Control of the entire system, and each controller 21,... So that the entire system exhibits the best performance. Give 25 specific operation commands.
- the control valve (C / V) controller 21 controls the control valve (C / V) 10 shown in FIG.
- the main pump control device 22 controls the main pump 11 shown in FIG.
- the engine control device 23 controls the engine 1 shown in FIG.
- the T / M controller 24 controls the transmission (T / M) 6 shown in FIG.
- the inverter control device 25 controls the inverters 3 and 9 and the DCDC converter (chopper) 42 shown in FIG.
- the controller of M / G 2 and the motor 8 is united, the inverter control apparatus 25 may be another unit.
- Communication is generally performed between the drive control device 20 and each of the control devices 21 to 25 using a CAN.
- each control device is not necessarily separate from other control devices, and one control device may be implemented with two or more control functions.
- FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram of first and second travel drive devices that are drive-controlled by the drive control device for a work vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the drive device of the work vehicle is controlled to travel, but in practice, the first travel comprising the torque converter 5 and the T / M 6
- the transmission efficiency of the drive unit 12 has a characteristic that varies with the operating point of the drive unit.
- the transmission efficiency described in the present embodiment is defined as the efficiency until the power generated by the engine is transmitted to the wheels.
- torque conversion is not so high in the low speed driving area, and the transmission efficiency tends to be improved when the high speed area is reached.
- since torque converters can be locked up and mechanically coupled in a high speed traveling region, they can be driven with a relatively high transmission efficiency.
- the second traveling drive 13 composed of the M / G 2, the inverter 3, the motor 8 and the inverter 9 serves as an electric power transmission, it does not vary much regardless of the traveling operation point, and does not vary much uniformly. It is the distribution of transmission efficiency characteristics.
- the level of the transmission efficiency tends to be reversed depending on the traveling operation point of the vehicle. Therefore, if the traveling drive device to be used is selectively determined using the characteristic that the level of transmission efficiency reverses, power can be efficiently transmitted to the entire traveling operation area.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the characteristics relating to the level relationship of the transmission efficiency of the traveling drive device.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 3 represents the vehicle speed, and the vertical axis represents the traveling driving force of the vehicle.
- the transmission efficiency of the first travel drive device exceeds the transmission efficiency of the second travel drive device on the high speed side with a certain vehicle speed (indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 3).
- the transmission efficiency of the second traveling drive exceeds the transmission efficiency of the first traveling drive.
- the operating point A and the operating point B are the same operating point as the vehicle speed and the traveling driving force, but the operating point A is the operating point by the second traveling drive device 13 and the operating point B is the first traveling drive It is an operating point by the device 12.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of driving force switching means for switching the traveling drive device by the drive control device for a working vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 denote the same parts.
- the driving force switching means 20A for switching the traveling drive device is configured inside the drive control device 20 shown in FIG.
- the driving force switching unit 20A mainly includes a driving state detection unit 20A1, a traveling unit switching unit 20A2, and a fluctuation compensation unit 20A3.
- Information on the accelerator opening is input to the driving state detection unit 20A1 from the accelerator opening sensor S1, information on the depression amount of the brake is input from the brake pedal sensor S2, and operation of the front lever is performed from the front lever sensor S3.
- Information of position is input, information of pump pressure and pump flow is input from pump pressure / flow sensor S4, information of shift position of transmission (T / M) 6 is input from T / M shift position sensor S5, and engine Information of the engine rotational speed is input from the rotational speed sensor S6, information of the rotational speed of the traveling motor 9 is input from the traveling motor rotational speed sensor S7, and information of the vehicle speed is input from the vehicle speed sensor S8. Further, information on the estimated value of the motor torque is input from the drive control device 20 to the driving state detection unit 20A1.
- the driving state detection unit 20A1 calculates the current traveling operating point (vehicle speed, driving force), engine operating point, and front part power based on the respective input information, and the traveling switching unit 20A2 and the fluctuation compensation unit 20A3. Output the calculation result.
- the traveling means switching unit 20A2 selects a traveling drive device with high power transmission efficiency according to the input traveling operation point.
- a traveling drive device with high power transmission efficiency according to the input traveling operation point.
- a neutral command is given by a T / M shift command.
- the drive force required for traveling is output only with the motor 8 by not transmitting the output from the drive shaft 7 to the propeller shaft 7.
- the output of the motor 8 is set to 0 (free run) and the T / M shift is made.
- a certain shift position is commanded, and the output from the torque converter 5 is transmitted to the propeller shaft 7.
- the traveling means switching unit 20A2 outputs a T / M torque command corresponding to the traveling operating point, the engine operating point, and the power of the front part to the T / M controller 24, and the M / G power generation command or the motor torque command Is output to the inverter control unit 25 and an engine command is output to the engine control unit 23.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a mechanism of torque fluctuation occurrence at the time of switching of the traveling drive device by the drive control device of the work vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the engine output range and the torque characteristics with respect to the input / output speed ratio of the torque converter.
- torque converter speed ratio lines 1 to 5 respectively show changes in output torque according to the input / output speed ratio of the torque converter. Note that, as the torque converter speed ratio line changes from line 1 to line 5, the speed ratio tends to decrease.
- the vehicle is driven at the operating point A using the second traveling drive (motor), and the driving is switched from the operating point A to the first traveling drive (torque controller + T / M).
- the operating point B on which the torque ratio is 4 is obtained, at which the equivalent driving force can be obtained.
- a dashed dotted line indicates an equal driving force curve.
- the torque converter velocity curve 4 when switching to the first traveling drive device for the operating point A of the second traveling drive device and the first traveling drive device uses the torque converter velocity curve 4, the torque converter velocity curve 4 and the operation The point at which the equal driving force curves passing through the point A intersect is the operating point B.
- the engine rotational speed at the operating point A is N1
- the engine rotational speed at the operating point B is N2.
- the output torque is determined by the torque converter speed ratio at the switching time, so the torque at the same engine speed as the operating point A like the operating point C.
- the torque converter output torque will drop.
- the output of the motor 8 is not immediately reduced to 0, but the output of the reduced torque is continued to be output.
- the torque output from the motor 8 is gradually reduced according to the increase of the output torque of the torque converter. Furthermore, if it is necessary to accelerate the engine speed toward the operating point B and the required acceleration can not be obtained by accelerating only the generated shaft torque of the engine 1 itself, acceleration assist for the engine shaft is performed using M / G2. Let's do it.
- the fluctuation compensation at the time of switching of the traveling drive device as described above is performed by the fluctuation compensation unit 20A3 of the driving force switching means 20A.
- the fluctuation compensation unit 20A3 in FIG. 4 includes information on the shift position of the transmission (T / M) 6 from the T / M shift position sensor S5, information on the engine rotational speed from the engine rotational speed sensor S6, and information on the vehicle speed from the vehicle speed sensor S8. Based on the information and the current travel operation point (vehicle speed and driving force) of the vehicle output from the driving state detection unit 20A1, the engine operation point, and the front portion power, a power compensation command at the time of switching the travel drive device is output.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fluctuation compensation unit used for a traveling drive apparatus by a drive control apparatus for a work vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 2 and 4 denote the same parts.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the operation of the fluctuation compensation unit used for the travel drive device by the drive control device for a work vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the fluctuation compensation unit 20A3 inputs the T / M shift position, the engine speed, and the vehicle speed, estimates the torque converter output torque after switching, and the value and the driving A difference from the torque of the traveling operation point calculated by the state detection unit 20A1 is output as a torque command of the motor 8.
- the traveling operating point calculated by the operating state detecting unit 20A1 and the power of the front hydraulic working device 10 are input, and the engine operating point after switching is determined.
- the rotation speed command to / G2.
- the main pump 11 outputs a tilt command at any time. That is, at the time of switching from the operating point A to the operating point B, when the engine rotational speed changes, the flow rate of the pump 11 changes and the hydraulic pressure changes, so the position of the work device 10 changes.
- the hydraulic pressure is kept constant by changing the inclination angle of the swash plate in order to prevent the hydraulic pressure fluctuation.
- the above power compensation is repeated until the engine operating point reaches the target operating point (operating point B in FIG. 3) and it is determined that the switching operation is completed.
- FIG. 7 shows the horizontal axis indicates time.
- FIG. 7A shows the number of revolutions of the engine 1
- FIG. 7B shows the driving force of the torque converter 5 and the transmission 6, and
- FIG. 7C shows the driving force of the engine 1.
- 7D shows the driving force of the motor 8
- FIG. 7E shows the driving force for the entire vehicle.
- the traveling means switching unit 20A2 in FIG. Output the engine command to 23.
- the engine speed is N1, but gradually increases, and at time t2, the speed increases to the speed N2.
- the driving force to the vehicle is assisted by generating the driving force of the motor 8.
- the solid line indicates the driving force of the entire vehicle when the variation is compensated according to the present embodiment.
- the broken line shows the driving force of the whole vehicle when the fluctuation is not compensated.
- FIG. 7B when the engine speed decreases, the driving force of the entire vehicle decreases.
- FIG. 7D at time t1, the driving force of motor 8 is stepped in response to the stepwise increase of the driving force of torque converter 5 shown in FIG. 7B. Decrease.
- the driving force of the motor 8 is decreased as the driving force of the torque converter 5 is increased as shown in FIG. 7 (B) according to the increase of the engine rotational speed shown in FIG. 7 (A).
- the solid line in FIG. 7E the driving force of the entire vehicle can be kept constant even when switching the operating point from time t1 to time t2.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 The configuration of a hybrid drive system for a working vehicle to which the drive control device for a working vehicle according to the present embodiment is applied is the same as that shown in FIG. Further, the configuration of the drive control apparatus for a working vehicle of a working vehicle according to the present embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG. Furthermore, the configuration of the driving force switching means for switching the traveling drive device by the drive control device for a working vehicle according to the present embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a system configuration diagram showing a configuration of a hybrid drive system of a working vehicle to which a drive control apparatus for a working vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a breakdown of energy (electric energy) usage of a capacitor in a hybrid drive system of a working vehicle to which the drive control apparatus for a working vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 4 denote the same parts.
- the electric motor 8 and the M / G 2 are further controlled by instantaneous electric power utilization of the power storage device.
- the drive control device targeted by the present embodiment is, as shown in FIG. 1, a traveling parallel hybrid traveling drive device in which the traveling unit is switched by a device driven by a torque converter + T / M and a device driven by an electric motor. It is.
- a power storage device 4 is used as a power source for driving the motor 8 in addition to the generated power of the M / G 2 connected to the engine 1.
- the power storage device 4 is applicable even to a large capacity battery such as a secondary battery, but in consideration of the mounting space, the cost, the response speed of charge and discharge, etc., a large capacity capacitor 41 (electric double layer capacitor) is used. It is used. Since the electric double layer capacitor has a relatively large capacity to a normal capacitor, it is possible to use power stored in a certain amount of electrical work (for example, several tens of kW, several seconds of work).
- a considerable amount of electric power is required for the power storage device 4.
- control method of charge and discharge of the storage device is divided into the regenerative power part that repeats charging and discharging frequently, fluctuation compensation at the time of switching that is not frequent, and power used in the engine assist mode. It is possible to execute appropriate energy (or power) management control without a shortage.
- a power storage device control means 20 B is provided inside the drive control device 20.
- FIG. 8 shows the configuration of power storage device control means 20B.
- a large-capacity electric double layer capacitor 41 is used as the power storage device 4 of this example.
- the DC / DC converter (chopper) 42 performs the voltage step-up / step-down operation of the capacitor 41 to charge / discharge DC power to the inverter 9 for the motor and the inverter 3 for the M / G.
- the capacitor 41 performs charge and discharge operation. There is no.
- the storage device control means 20 B receives an engine assist torque command, a motor drive torque command, a regeneration signal, an M / G generated power signal, and a switching signal from the traveling means switching unit 20 A 2.
- the charge / discharge power is calculated, and a charge / discharge amount command is output to the chopper control device 25A.
- the chopper control device 25A drives the DC-DC converter (chopper) 42 based on the charge / discharge amount command.
- the mode in which the power of the capacitor 41 is used is the three modes of the engine assist, the traveling drive switching compensation, and the regenerative power charging / discharging as described above. Since the above three modes occur at irregular timings and frequencies, it is effective to always control each power amount independently.
- FIG. 9 shows breakdown of energy (electric energy) usage of the capacitor 41.
- the electric energy for engine torque assist, the power compensation electric energy for traveling drive switching, and the regenerative electric energy for traveling are independently controlled. Among them, the amount of electric power for engine torque assist and the amount of power compensation electric power at the time of traveling drive switching are always charged in the capacitor 41. I do.
- the regeneration power during traveling is basically an electric power that is repeatedly generated when the vehicle starts and stops, and this power amount portion is charged and discharged each time.
- capacitor electric power is used regarding the hybrid drive device of a working vehicle.
- the operation mode using the newly added motor and M / G by hybridization is almost decided, and by using the storage device control means, the hybrid operation can be stably performed without breakdown of the power balance. It is possible to continue.
- FIG. 1 The configuration of a hybrid drive system for a working vehicle to which the drive control device for a working vehicle according to the present embodiment is applied is the same as that shown in FIG. Further, the configuration of the drive control apparatus for a working vehicle according to the present embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of driving force switching means for switching the traveling drive device by the drive control device for a work vehicle according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 denote the same parts.
- a switch ON / OFF switch 44 operable by an operator is provided.
- switching control of the traveling drive device is automatically performed by the driving force switching unit 20A.
- the traveling means switching unit 20B2 manually stops the switching of the traveling drive device, and the traveling operation of only the first traveling drive device 12 or the second operation It is possible to continue the traveling operation of the traveling drive device 12 only.
- the operator can select an optimal traveling drive device according to the traveling state and the traveling environment.
- each traveling drive device since the abnormal state of each traveling drive device is naturally monitored by each control device as a matter of course, when an abnormality occurs in a certain traveling drive device, the other (determined as normal) traveling drive device It is possible to continue driving at
- the storage device 4 may be gradually discharged due to the load state, and power shortage may occur when power is required. Even in such a case, since the storage battery control means 20B detects the capacitor voltage as needed, it is possible to issue a charge command in this storage device control means 20B and pre-charge in advance.
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Abstract
Description
かかる構成により、ホイールローダのようなフロント部の油圧作業装置とトルコンによる走行駆動装置、および電動機による走行駆動装置を有する作業用車両用ハイブリッド走行駆動制御装置において、走行駆動装置の切替時にも動力の変動がなく、かつ高効率特性を有するものとなる。
最初に、図1を用いて、本実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置を適用した作業用車両のハイブリッド駆動システムの構成について説明する。
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置を適用した作業用車両のハイブリッド駆動システムの構成を示すシステム構成図である。
図2は、本発明の第1の実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置の構成を示すブロック図である。なお、図1と同一符号は、同一部分を示している。
図3は、本発明の第1の実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置により駆動制御される第1,第2の走行駆動装置の特性図である。
図4は、本発明の第1の実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置による走行駆動装置の切替を実施する駆動力切替手段の構成を示すブロック図である。なお、図2と同一符号は、同一部分を示している。
図5は、本発明の第1の実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置による走行駆動装置の切替時のトルク変動発生のメカニズムの説明図である。
図6は、本発明の第1の実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置による走行駆動装置に用いる変動補償部の構成を示すブロック図である。なお、図2及び図4と同一符号は、同一部分を示している。図7は、本発明の第1の実施形態による作業車両の駆動制御装置による走行駆動装置に用いる変動補償部の動作を示すタイミングチャートである。
なお、以上の説明では、第2の走行駆動装置から第1の走行駆動装置への切替時の動力変動補償方法について述べている。逆に第1の走行駆動装置から第2の走行駆動装置へ切替える場合においては、電動機6の電気的応答が機械的動作応答に対して非常に速いため、この電動機8の出力トルクを変動なく発生させるように制御すればよいものである。
2…M/G
4…蓄電手段
3,9…インバータ
5…トルコン
6…トランスミッション
8…電動機
10…油圧作業装置
11…油圧ポンプ
12…第1の走行駆動装置
13…第2の走行駆動装置
14…油圧シリンダ
20…駆動制御装置
20A…駆動力切替手段
20A1…運転状態検出部
20A2…走行手段切替部
20A3…変動補償部
20B…キャパシタ充電量制御手段
21…コントロールバルブ(C/V)制御装置
22…メインポンプ制御装置
23…エンジン制御装置
24…T/M制御装置
25…インバータ制御装置
25A…チョッパ用制御装置
41…キャパシタ
42…DCDCコンバータ
44…切替ON/OFFスイッチ
Claims (7)
- エンジンと、該エンジンにより駆動される発電機と、前記エンジンにより駆動されるとともにフロント部に備えた油圧作業装置の駆動源となる油圧ポンプと、前記エンジンの動力をトルクコンバータおよびトランスミッションで駆動輪に伝達して走行する第1の走行駆動装置と、前記発電機より出力された電力により電動機を駆動し、その動力を駆動輪に伝達して走行する第2の走行駆動装置とを有する作業用車両に用いられ、
前記第1の走行駆動装置と前記第2の走行駆動装置とを切替える駆動力切替手段を有する作業用車両の駆動制御装置であって、
前記駆動力切替手段は、車両の走行速度に応じて、高速域を前記第1の走行駆動装置で、低速域を前記第2の走行駆動装置でそれぞれ駆動できるように切替えて車両を走行させる走行手段切替部を備えることを特徴とする作業用車両の駆動制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の作業用車両の駆動制御装置において、
前記走行手段切替部は、前記第2の走行駆動装置から前記第1の走行駆動装置に切替える際に、前記エンジンの回転変動、前記作業用車両の走行駆動力の変動、ならびに前記作業装置の駆動力の変動を抑制するように、少なくとも前記発電機による前記エンジンの回転数制御、および前記電動機のトルク制御、および前記油圧ポンプの流量制御を行うことを特徴とする作業用車両の駆動制御装置。 - 請求項2記載の作業用車両の駆動制御装置において、
前記駆動力切替手段は、運転状態検出部を備え、
該運転状態検出部は、少なくともアクセル開度、ブレーキ開度、作業装置用レバー操作量、前記油圧ポンプの圧力および流量、前記エンジンの回転数、前記電動機の回転数およびトルク、および車速の情報に基づいて、現在の走行駆動動作点、およびエンジン動作点、および作業装置の動力を検出することを特徴とする作業用車両の駆動制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の作業用車両の駆動制御装置において、
前記駆動力切替手段は、変動補償部を備え、
該変動補償部は前記第2の走行駆動装置から前記第1の走行駆動装置に切替える際、切り替え時に発生する2つの走行駆動装置間のトルク変動分を推定し、該トルク変動分を前記電動機のトルク指令として与え、漸近的に前記トルク指令を減少させ、所定の時間後に零とすることを特徴とする作業用車両の駆動制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の作業用車両の駆動制御装置において、
前記発電機より出力される電力、および前記電動機から発生される走行回生電力を蓄え、必要に応じて蓄えた電力を放電する蓄電装置を備えることを特徴とする作業用車両の駆動制御装置。 - 請求項5記載の作業用車両の駆動制御装置において、
前記駆動制御装置は、蓄電装置制御部を備え、
該蓄電手段制御部は、少なくとも前記エンジンのトルクアシスト分の電力量、ならびに前記第2の走行駆動装置から前記第1の走行駆動装置に切替える際の変動抑制に必要な電力量、ならびに走行回生電力の充放電量を前記蓄電装置に確保するように前記蓄電装置の充放電を制御することを特徴とする作業用車両の駆動制御装置。 - 請求項1記載の作業用車両の駆動制御装置において、
前記駆動力切替手段は、切替ON/OFFスイッチを備え、
該切替ON/OFFスイッチは、手動による操作により、前記第1の走行駆動装置と前記第2の走行駆動装置との切替を停止し、前記第1の走行駆動装置のみの走行動作、あるいは前記第2の走行駆動装置のみの走行動作を行うことを特徴とする作業用車両の駆動制御装置。
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US13/508,378 US20120277944A1 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-12-13 | Drive control device for working vehicle |
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EP10843156A EP2527219A1 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-12-13 | Drive control device for working vehicle |
CN201080058976.4A CN102666169A (zh) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-12-13 | 作业用车辆的驱动控制装置 |
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CN102494125A (zh) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-13 | 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 | 用于装载机自动变速控制的驾驶员意图识别系统及识别方法 |
JP2020158023A (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両制御システム |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5356543B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
EP2527219A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
CN102666169A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
US20120277944A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
KR20120123277A (ko) | 2012-11-08 |
JPWO2011086801A1 (ja) | 2013-05-16 |
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